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CA2433487A1 - Floorboard and locking system therefor - Google Patents

Floorboard and locking system therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2433487A1
CA2433487A1 CA002433487A CA2433487A CA2433487A1 CA 2433487 A1 CA2433487 A1 CA 2433487A1 CA 002433487 A CA002433487 A CA 002433487A CA 2433487 A CA2433487 A CA 2433487A CA 2433487 A1 CA2433487 A1 CA 2433487A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
tongue
floorboard
plane
locking
joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002433487A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2433487C (en
Inventor
Darko Pervan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valinge Innovation AB
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26655372&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CA2433487(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from SE0100100A external-priority patent/SE523823C2/en
Priority claimed from SE0100101A external-priority patent/SE519768C2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2433487A1 publication Critical patent/CA2433487A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2433487C publication Critical patent/CA2433487C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with a continuous tongue or groove
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/025—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongue and grooves alternating transversally in the direction of the thickness of the panel, e.g. multiple tongue and grooves oriented parallel to each other
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/041—Tongues or grooves with slits or cuts for expansion or flexibility
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/042—Other details of tongues or grooves with grooves positioned on the rear-side of the panel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0517—U- or C-shaped brackets and clamps

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

A floorboard and an openable locking system therefor comprise an undercut groove on one long side of the floorboard and a projecting tongue on the opposite long side of the floorboard. The undercut groove has a corresponding upwardly directed inner locking surface at a distance from its tip. The tongue and the undercut groove are formed to be connected by adjoining boards being brought together and snapped together.

Claims (41)

1. A locking system for mechanical joining of floor-boards at a joint plane (VP), said floorboards having a core (30), a front side (2), a rear side (34) and oppo-site joint edge portions (4a, 4b), of which one is formed as a tongue groove (36), which is defined by upper (39) and lower (40) lips and has a bottom end (48), and the other is formed as a tongue (38) with an upwardly direct-ed portion (8) at its free outer end (69), the tongue groove (36), seen from the joint plane (VP), having the shape of an undercut groove (36) with an opening, an inner portion (35) and an inner locking surface (45), and at least parts of the lower lip (40) being formed inte-grally with the core (30) of the floorboard, and the tongue (38) having a locking surface (65) which is formed to coast with the inner locking surface (45) in the tongue groove (36) of an adjoining floor-board, when two such floorboards are mechanically joined, so that their front sides (2) are positioned in the same surface plane (HP) and meet at the joint plane (VP) directed perpendicular thereto, characterised in that the inner locking surface (45) of the tongue groove is formed on the upper lip (39) within the undercut portion (35) of the tongue groove for coaction with the corresponding locking surface (65) of the tongue, said locking surface being formed on the upwardly directed portion (8) of the tongue to counteract pulling-apart of two mechanically join-ed boards in a direction (D2) perpendicular to the joint plane (VP), that the lower lip (40) has a supporting surface (50) for coaction with a corresponding supporting surface (71) on the tongue, said supporting surfaces being intended to coact to counteract a relative displace-ment of two mechanically joined boards in a direc-tion (D1) perpendicular to the surface plane (HP), that all parts of the portions of the lower lip (40) which are connected with the core (30), seen from the point (C) where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) intersect, are located outside a plane (LP2) which is positioned further away from said point than a locking plane (LP1) which is parallel therewith and which is tangent to the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the tongue groove and the tongue where these are most inclined relative to the surface plane (HP), and that all parts of the portions of the lower lip (40) which are connected with the core (30) are shorter than the upper lip (39) and terminate at a distance from the joint plane (VP), that the lower lip (40) is flexible, and that the upper and lower lips of the joint edge portions (4a, 4b) are formed to enable connection of a laid floorboard with a new floorboard by a pushing-together motion essentially parallel with the sur-face plane (HP) of the laid floorboard for snapping together the parts of the locking system during downward bending of the lower lip (40) of the tongue groove.
2. A locking system as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the upper lip (39) is more rigid than the lower lip (40).
3. A locking system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tongue (38) is flexible.
4. A locking system as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the joint edge portions (4a, 4b) are designed to enable connection of a laid floorboard with a new floorboard by a pushing-together motion with the surface plane of the floorboards essen-tially aligned with each other during bending of the tongue (38) and the lower lip (40).
5. A locking system as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that the upper and lower lips of the joint edges (4a, 4b) are designed to enable disconnection of two mechanically joined floor-boards by upward pivoting of one floorboard relative to the other about a pivoting centre (C) close to a point of intersection between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) for disconnecting the tongue (38) of the one floorboard from the tongue groove (36) of the other floorboard.
6. A locking system as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the upper and lower lips of the joint edges (4a, 4b) are designed to enable disconnection of two mechanically joined floorboards by upward pivoting of one floorboard relative to the other about a pivoting centre (C) close to a point of intersec-tion between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) for disconnecting the tongue (38) of one floorboard from the tongue groove (36) of the other floorboard during downward bending of the lower lip.
7. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least the major part of the bottom end (48) of the tongue groove, seen parallel with the surface plane (HP), is located further away from the joint plane (VP) than is the outer end (69) of the tongue.
8. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supporting surface (50) of the lower lip is positioned at a distance from the bottom end (48) of the undercut groove.
9. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue (38) and the lower lip (40), which are designed for coaction, are set at a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than are the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip (39) and the tongue (38).
10. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the locking surfaces (45, 65) are set at essentially the same angle to the surface plane (HP) as a tangent to a circu-lar arc, which is tangent to the locking surfaces (45, 65) engaging each other, at a point closest to the bottom (48) of the undercut groove and which has its centre at the point (C) where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) intersect.
11. A locking system as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, characterised in that the locking sur-faces (45, 65) are set at greater angle to the surface plane (HP) than a tangent to a circular arc, which is tangent to the locking surfaces (45, 65) engaging each other at a point closest to the bottom (48) of the under-cut groove and which has its centre at the point where the surface plane (HF) and the joint plane (VP) inter-sect.
12. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the upper lip (39) and the tongue (38) have contact surfaces (43, 64) which in their locked state coact with each other and which are positioned within an area between the joint plane (VP) and the locking surfaces (45, 65) of the tongue and the upper lip, which locking surfaces in the locked state coact with each other.
13. A locking System as claimed in claim 12, characterised in that the contact surfaces (43, 64), seen from the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the tongue and the upper lip, are inclined upwards and outwards to the joint plane (VP).
14. A locking system as claimed in claim 12, characterised in that the contact surfaces (43, 64) are essentially parallel with the surface plane (HP).
15. A locking system as claimed in claim 12, 13 or 14, characterised in that the contact sur-faces (43, 64) are essentially plane.
16. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the undercut groove (36) and the tongue (38) are of such a design that the outer end (69) of the tongue is position-ed at a distance from the undercut groove (36) along essentially the entire distance from the locking sur-faces (45, 65) of the upper lip (39) and the tongue (38), which locking surfaces engage each other, to the coacting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the lower lip and the tongue.
17. A locking system as claimed in claim 16, characterised in that any surface portions with contact between the outer end (69) of the tongue and the undercut groove (36) have a smaller extent seen in the vertical plane than do the locking surfaces (45, 65) when two such boards are mechanically joined.
18. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the edge portions (4a, 4b) with their tongue (38) and tongue groove (36), respectively, are designed so that, when two floorboards are joined, there is surface contact between the edge portions (4a, 4b) along at most 30% of the edge surface of the edge portion supporting the tongue (38), measured from the upper side (2) of the floorboard to its underside (34).
19. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coasting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue (38) and the lower lip (40) are set at an angle of at least 10° to the surface plane (HP).
20. A locking system as claimed in claim 19, characterised in that the coacting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are set at an angle of at most 30° to the surface plane (HP).
21. A locking system as claimed in claim 20, characterised in that the coacting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are set at an angle at most 20° to the surface plane (HP).
22. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least parts of the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the lower lip and the tongue are positioned at a greater distance from the joint plane (VP) than are the inclin-ed locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.
23. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the undercut groove (36) and the tongue (38) are of such a design that a floorboard which is mechanically joined with a similar floorboard is displaceable in a direction (D3) along the joint plane (VP).
24. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tongue (38) and the undercut groove (36) are designed to enable disconnection of one board from another by pivot-ing one board relative to the other while maintaining contact between the boards at a point (C) of the joint edge portions of the boards close to the intersection between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP).
25. A locking system as claimed in claim 24, characterised in that the tongue (38) and the undercut groove (36) are designed to enable disconnection of boards by pivoting one board relative to another while maintaining contact between the boards at a point of the joint edge portions (4a, 4b) of the boards close to the intersection between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) without essential contact between the tongue side facing away from the surface plane (HP) and the lower lip (40).
26. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the distance between the locking plane (LP2) and the plane (LP1) parallel therewith, outside which all parts of the lower lip portions connected with the core are located, is at least 10% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.
27. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue form an angle to the surface plane (HP) of below 90° but at least 20°.
28. A locking system as claimed in claim 27, characterised in that locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue form an angle to the surface plane (HP) of at least 30°.
29. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coasting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are directed at an angle to the joint plane which is equal to or smaller than a tangent to a circular arc which is tangent to the supporting surfaces engaging each other at a point closest to the bottom (48) of the undercut groove and which has its centre at the point (C) where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) intersect, seen in cross-section through the board.
30. A locking system as claimed in claim 29, characterised in that the coacting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are set at a greater angle to the surface plane (HP) than a tan-gent to a circular arc, which is tangent to the support-ing surfaces engaging each other at a point closest to the bottom (48) of the undercut groove and which has its centre at the point where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) intersect.
31. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip, which are designed for coaction, are set at a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than are the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.
32. A locking system as claimed in claim 31, characterised in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip, which are designed for coaction, are inclined in the same direction as but at a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than are the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.
33. A locking system as claimed in any one of claims 29-32, characterised in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) form an at least 20° greater angle to the surface plane (HP) than do the locking surfaces (45, 65).
34. A locking system as claimed in claim 33, characterised in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) form an at least 20° greater angle to the sur-face plane (HP) than do the locking surfaces (45, 65).
35. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue are essentially plane within at least the surface por-tions which are intended to coast with each other when two such boards are joined.
36. A locking system as claimed in claim 35, characterised in that the tongue (38) has a guiding surface (68) which is positioned outside the locking surface (65) of the tongue, seen from the joint plane (VP), and which has a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than does this locking surface (65).
37. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the upper lip (39) has a guiding surface (42) which is posi-tioned closer to the opening of the tongue groove than is the locking surface (45) of the upper lip and which has a smaller angle to the surface plane (HF) than does the locking surface of the upper lip.
38. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least parts of the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the lower lip and the tongue are positioned at a greater distance from the joint plane (VF) than are the inclin-ed locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.
39. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the locking surface (65) of the tongue is arranged at a dis-tance of at least 0.1 times the thickness (T) of the floorboard from the tip (69) of the tongue.
40. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vertical extent of the locking surfaces (45, 65) coacting with each other is smaller than half the vertical extent of the undercut (35), seen from the joint plane (VF) and parallel with the surface plane (HP).
41. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the locking surfaces (45, 65), seen in a vertical section through the floorboard, have an extent which is at most 10% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.
4L. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the length of the tongue (38), seen perpendicular away from the joint plane (VP), is at least 0.3 times the thickness (T) of the board.
43. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the joint edge portion (4b) supporting the tongue and/or the joint edge portion (4a) supporting the tongue groove has/
have a recess (63) which is positioned above the tongue (381 and terminates at a distance from the surface plane (HF).

44. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the undercut groove (36), seen in the cross-section, has an outer opening portion which tapers inwards in the form of a funnel.
45. A locking system as claimed in claim 44, characterised in that the upper lip has a bevel (42) at its outer edge positioned furthest away from the surface plane (HP).
46. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tongue, seen in cross-section, has a tip that tapers.
47. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tongue, seen in cross-section, has a split tip with an upper and a lower tongue part.
48. A locking system as claimed in claim 47, characterised in that the upper and lower tongue parts of the tongue are made of different mate-rials with different material properties.
49. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tongue groove (36) and the tongue (38) are formed integrally with the floorboard.
50. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the upper lip (39) is thicker than the lower lip (40).
51. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the minimum thickness of the upper lip (39) adjacent to the undercut (35) is greater than the maximum thickness of the lower lip (40) adjacent to the supporting surface (50).
52. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the extent of the supporting surfaces is at most 150 of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.

53. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vertical extent of the tongue groove between the upper (39) and the lower (40) lip, measured parallel with the joint plane (VF) and at the outer end of the supporting surface (50), is at least 30% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.
54. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the depth of the tongue groove (36), measured from the joint plane (VP), is at least 2% greater than the corresponding extent of the tongue (38).
55. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tongue (38) has other material properties than the upper (3) or lower (40) lip.
56. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the upper (39) and lower (40) lips are made of materials with different properties.
57. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the locking system also comprises a second mechanical lock, which is formed of a locking groove which is formed on the underside of the joint edge portion (4b) supporting the tongue (38) and extends parallel with the joint plane (VP), and a locking strip (6) which is integrally attached to the joint edge portion (4a) of the board under the groove (36) and extends along essentially the entire length of the joint edge portion and has a locking component (8) which projects from the strip and which, when two such boards are mechanically join-ed, is received in the locking groove (14) of the adjoining board (2).

58. A locking system as claimed in claim 57, characterised in that the locking strip (6) projects beyond the joint plane.
59. A locking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it is formed in a board which has a core (30) of wood-fibre-based material.
60. A locking system as claimed in claim 59, characterised in that it is formed in a board which has a core (30) of wood.
61. A floorboard having a core (30), a front side (2), a rear side (34) and two opposite parallel joint edge portions (4a, 4b) which are formed as parts of a mechanical locking system and of which one is formed as a tongue groove (36) defined by upper (39) and lower lips (40) and having a bottom end (48), and the other is form-ed as a tongue (38) with an upwardly directed portion (8) at its free outer end (69), the tongue groove (36), seen from the joint plane (VP), having the shape of an undercut groove (36) with an opening, an inner portion (35) and an inner locking surface (4), and at least parts of the lower lip (40) being integrally formed with the core (30) of the floorboard, and the tongue (38) having a locking surface (65) which is designed to coact with the inner locking surface (45) in the tongue groove (36) of an adjoining floorboard when two such floorboards are mechani-cally joined, so that their front sides are posi-tioned in the same surface plane (HP) and meet at the joint plane (VP) directed perpendicular thereto, characterised in that the inner locking surface (45) of the tongue groove is formed on the upper lip (39) within the undercut portion (35) of the tongue groove for coaction with the corresponding locking surface (65) of the tongue, which is formed on the upwardly directed portion (8) of the tongue to counteract pulling apart of two mechanically joined boards in a direction (D2) perpendicular to the joint plane (VP), that the lower lip has a supporting surface (50) for coaction with a corresponding supporting surface (71) on the tongue, said supporting surfaces being adapted to coact to counteract a relative displace-ment of two mechanically joined boards in a direc-tion (D1) perpendicular to the surface plane (HP), that all parts of the portions of the lower lip (40), which are connected with the core (30), seen from the point (C) where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) intersect, are positioned outside a plane (LP2) which is positioned further away from said point than a locking plane (LP1) which is parallel therewith and which is tangent to the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the tongue groove (36) and the tongue where these locking surfaces are most inclined relative to the surface plane (HP), and that all parts of the portions of the lower lip (40), which are connected with the core (30), are shorter than the upper lip (39) and terminate at a distance from the joint plane (VP), that the lower lip (40) is flexible, and that the upper (39) and lower (40) lips of the joint edge portions are designed to enable connection of a laid floorboard with a new floorboard by a pushing-together motion essentially parallel with the sur-face plane (HP) of the laid floorboard for snapping together the parts of the locking system during downward bending of the lower lip (40) of the tongue groove.
62. A floorboard as claimed in claim 61, char-acterised in that the upper lip (39) is more rigid than the lower lip (40).

63. A floorboard as claimed in claim 61 or 62, characterised in that the tongue (38) is flexible.
64. A floorboard as claimed in claim 61, 62 or 63, characterised in that the joint edge portions (4a, 4b) are designed to enable connection of a laid floorboard with a new floorboard by a pushing-together motion with the surface planes (HP) of the floorboards essentially aligned with each other during bending of the tongue (38) and the lower lip (40).
65. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-64, characterised in that the upper and lower lips of the joint edges (4a, 4b) are designed to enable disconnection of two mechanically joined floor-boards by upward pivoting of one floorboard relative to the other about a pivoting centre (C) close to a point of intersection between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) for disconnecting the tongue (38) of one floorboard from the tongue groove (36) of the other floorboard.
66. A floorboard as claimed in claims 65, char-acterised in that the upper and lower lips of the joint edges (4a, 4b) are designed to enable disconnection of two mechanically joined floorboards by upward pivoting of one floorboard relative to the other about a pivoting centre (C) close to a point of intersection between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) for discon-necting the tongue (38) of one floorboard from the tongue groove (36) of the other floorboard during downward bend-ing of the lower lip (40).
67. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-66, characterised in that at least the major part of the bottom end (48) of the tongue groove, seen parallel with the surface plane (HP), is positioned further away from the joint plane (VP) than is the outer end (69) of the tongue.

68. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-67, characterised in that the supporting surface (50) of the lower lip is located at a distance from the bottom end (48) of the undercut groove.
69. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-68, characterised in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip, which are designed for coaction, are set at a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than are the coasting locking sur-faces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.
70. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-69, characterised in that the locking surfaces (45, 65) are set at essentially the same angle to the surface plane (HP) as a tangent to a circular arc which is tangent to the locking surfaces (45, 65) engag-ing each other at a point closest to the bottom (48) of the undercut groove and which has its centre at the point where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) intersect.
71. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-69, characterised in that the locking surfaces (45, 65) are set at a greater angle to the sur-face plane (HF) than a tangent to a circular arc which is tangent to the supporting surfaces (45, 65) engaging each other at a point closest to the bottom (48) of the under-cut groove and which has its centre at the point where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) inter-sect.
72. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-71, characterised in that the upper lip (39) and the tongue (38) have contact surfaces (43, 64) which in their locked state coast with each other and which are positioned within an area between the joint plane (VP) and the locking surfaces (45, 65) of the tongue and the upper lip, which in their locked state coast with each other.

73. A floorboard as claimed in claim 72, char-acterised in that the contact surfaces (43, 64), seen from the coasting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the tongue and the upper lip, are inclined upwards and out-wards to the joint plane (VP).
74. A floorboard as claimed in claim 72, char-acterised in that the contact surfaces (43, 64) are essentially parallel with the surface plane (HP).
75. A floorboard as claimed in claim 72, 73 or 74, characterised in that the contact surfaces (43, 64) are essentially plane.
76. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-75, characterised in that the undercut groove (36) and the tongue (38) are of such a design that the outer end (69) of the tongue is located at a distance from the undercut groove (36) along essentially the entire distance from the locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue, which engage each other, to the coasting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the lower lip and the tongue.
77. A floorboard as claimed in claim 76, char-acterised in that any surface portions with con-tact between the outer end (69) of the tongue and the undercut groove (36) have a smaller extent in the verti-cal plane than do the locking surfaces (45, 65) when two such boards are mechanically joined.
78. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-79, characterised in that the edge por-tions (4a, 4b) with their tongue (38) and tongue groove (36) are designed so that when two floorboards are join-ed, there is surface contact between the edge portions along at most 30% of the edge surface of the edge portion (4b) supporting to the tongue, measured from the upper side of the floorboard to its underside.
79. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-78, characterised in that the coasting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are set at an angle of at least 10° to the surface plane (HF).
80. A floorboard as claimed in claim 79, char-acterised in that the coasting supporting sur-faces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are set at angle of at most 30° to the surface plane (HF).
81. A floorboard as claimed in claim 80, char-acterised in that the coasting supporting sur-faces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are set at an angle of at most 20° to the surface plane (HP).
82. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-81, characterised in that at least parts of the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the lower lip and the tongue are positioned at a greater distance from the joint plane (VF) than are the inclined locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.
83. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-82, characterised in that the undercut groove (36) and the tongue (38) are of such a design that a floorboard which is mechanically joined with a similar board is displaceable in a direction (D3) along the joint plane (VP).
84. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-83, characterised in that the tongue (38) and the undercut groove (36) are designed to enable dis-connection of one board from another by pivoting one board relative to the other while maintaining contact between the boards at a point (C) of the joint edge por-tions (4a, 4b) of the boards close to the intersection between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP).
85. A floorboard as claimed in claim 84, char-acterised in that the tongue (38) and the under-cut groove (36) are designed to enable disconnection of boards by pivoting one board relative to another while maintaining contact between the boards at a point of the joint edge portions (4a, 4b) of the boards close to the intersection between the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) without essential contact between the tongue side facing away from the surface plane (HF) and the lower lip (40).
86. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-85, characterised in that the distance between the locking plane (LP2) and the plane (LP1) parallel therewith, outside which all parts of the por-tions of the lower lip, which are connected with the core (30), are positioned, is at least 10% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.
87. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-86, characterised in that the locking sur-faces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue form an angle to the surface plane (HP) of below 90° but at least 20°.
88. A floorboard as claimed in claim 87, char-acterised in that the locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue form an angle to the sur-face plane (HP) of at least 30°.
89. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-88, characterised in that the coacting supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are directed at an angle to the joint plane which is equal to or smaller than a tangent to a circular arc, which is tangent to the supporting surfaces (50, 71) engaging each other at a point closest to the bottom of the undercut groove and which has its centre at the point (C) where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VF) intersect, seen in cross-section through the board.
90. A floorboard as claimed in claim 89, char-acterised in that the coacting supporting sur-faces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip are set at a greater angle to the surface plane (HP) than a tangent to a circular arc, which is tangent to the supporting surfaces (50, 71) engaging each other at a point closest to the bottom of the undercut groove and which has its centre at the point where the surface plane (HP) and the joint plane (VP) intersect.

91. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-90, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip, which are designed for coaction, are set at a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than are the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.

92. A floorboard as claimed in claim 91, c h a r -a c t e r i s e d in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the tongue and the lower lip, which are designed for coaction, are inclined in the same direction as but at a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than are the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.

93. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 89-92, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) form an at least 20° greater angle to the surface plane (HP) than do the locking surfaces (45, 65).

94. A floorboard as claimed in claim 83, c h a r -a c t e r i s e d in that the supporting surfaces (50, 71) form an at least 20° greater angle to the surface plane (HP) than do the locking surfaces (45, 65).

95. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-94, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the coacting locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue are essentially plane within at least the surface por-tions which are adapted to coast with each other when two such boards are joined.

96. A floorboard as claimed in claim 95, c h a r -a c t e r i s e d in that the tongue (38) has a guiding surface (68) which is located outside the locking surface (65) of the tongue, seen from the joint plane (VP), and which has a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than does this locking surface.

97. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-96, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the upper lip (39) has a guiding surface (42) which is located closer to the opening of the tongue groove than is the locking surface (45) of the upper lip and which has a smaller angle to the surface plane (HP) than does the locking surface (45) of the upper lip.

98. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-97, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that at least parts of the supporting surfaces (50, 71) of the lower lip and the tongue are positioned at a greater distance from the joint plane (VP) than are the inclined locking surfaces (45, 65) of the upper lip and the tongue.

99. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-98, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the locking sur-face (65) of the tongue is arranged at a distance of at least 0.1 times the thickness (T) of the floorboard from the tip (69) of the tongue.

100. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-99, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the vertical extent of the locking surfaces (45, 65) coacting with each other is less than half the vertical extent of the undercut, seen from the joint plane (VP) and parallel with the surface plane (HP).

101. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-100, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the locking surfaces (45, 65), seen in a vertical section through the floorboard, have an extent which is at most 10% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.

102. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-101, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the length of the tongue, seen perpendicular away from the joint plane (VP), is at least 0.3 times the thickness (T) of the board.

103. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-102, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the joint edge portion (4b) supporting the tongue (38) and/or the joint edge portion (4a) supporting the tongue groove has/have a recess (63) which is positioned above the tongue (38) and terminates at a distance from the surface plane (HP).

104. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-103, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the undercut groove (36), seen in cross-section, has an outer opening portion which tapers inwards in the form of a funnel.

105. A floorboard as claimed in claim 104, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the upper lip (39) has a bevel (42) at its outer edge located furthest away from the surface plane (HF).

106. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-105, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the tongue (38), seen in cross-section, has a tip (69) that tapers.

107. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-106, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the tongue (38), seen in cross-section, has a split tip with an upper and a lower tongue part.

108. A floorboard as claimed in claim 107, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the upper and lower tongue parts of the tongue are made of different mate-rials with different material properties.

109. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-108, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the tongue groove (36) and the tongue (38) are formed integrally with the floorboard.

110. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-109, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the upper lip (39) is thicker than the lower lip (40).

111. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-110, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the minimum thickness of the upper lip (39) adjacent to the undercut (35) is greater than the maximum thickness of the lower lip (40) adjacent to the supporting surface (50).

112. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-111, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the extent of the supporting surfaces (50, 71) is at most 15% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.

113. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-112, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the vertical extent of the groove between the upper (39) and the lower (40) lip, measured parallel with the joint plane (VP) and at the outer end of the supporting surface, is at least 30% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard.

114. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-113, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the depth of the tongue groove (36), measured from the joint plane (VF), is at least 2% greater than the corresponding extent of the tongue (38).

115. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-114, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the tongue (38) has other material properties than the upper (39) or lower (40) lip.

116. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-115, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the upper (39) and lower (40) lips are made of materials with different properties.

117. A floorboard as claimed in anv one of claims 61-116, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that that the lock-ing system also comprises a second mechanical lock which is formed of a locking groove which is formed on the underside of the joint edge portion supporting the tongue (38) and extends parallel with the joint plane (VP), and a locking strip which is integrally attached to the joint edge portion of the board under the tongue groove and extends along essentially the entire length of the joint edge portion and has a locking component (8) which projects from the strip and which, when two such boards are mechanically joined, is received in the locking groove (14) of the adjoining board (2).

118. A floorboard as claimed in claim 117, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the locking strip projects beyond the joint plane.

119. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-118, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that it is formed in a board which has a core (30) of wood-fibre-based material.

120. A floorboard as claimed in claim 119, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that it is formed in a board which has a core (30) of wood.

121. A floorboard as claimed in any one of claims 61-120, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that it is quadri-lateral with sides (4a, 4b, 5a, 5b) which are parallel in pairs.

122. A floorboard as claimed in claim 121, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that it has mechanical lock-ing systems at all its four lateral edge portions.

123. A floorboard as claimed in claim 121 or 122, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the joint edge portion (4b) with the tongue and/or the joint edge portion (4a) with the tongue groove on one pair of parallel joint edge portions has/have been formed with other material proper-ties than the joint edge portion (4b) with the tongue and/or the joint edge portion (4a) with the tongue groove on the other pair of parallel joint edge portions.
CA2433487A 2001-01-12 2002-01-14 Floorboard and locking system therefor Expired - Fee Related CA2433487C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0100101-5 2001-01-12
SE0100100A SE523823C2 (en) 2001-01-12 2001-01-12 Locking system for mechanical joining of floorboards has a uppercut groove and a projecting tongue which snap together
SE0100100-7 2001-01-12
SE0100101A SE519768C2 (en) 2001-01-12 2001-01-12 Locking system for mechanical joining of floorboards has a uppercut groove and a projecting tongue which snap together
PCT/SE2002/000042 WO2002055809A1 (en) 2001-01-12 2002-01-14 Floorboard and locking system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2433487A1 true CA2433487A1 (en) 2002-07-18
CA2433487C CA2433487C (en) 2010-03-23

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CA002434168A Expired - Fee Related CA2434168C (en) 2001-01-12 2002-01-14 Floorboards and methods for production and installation thereof

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AU (2) AU2002217740C1 (en)
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CA (2) CA2433487C (en)
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DE (2) DE60224499T3 (en)
DK (2) DK1349995T4 (en)
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