CA2124194A1 - Methode de reduction de la permeabilite du papier et du carton, et produit utilise a cette fin - Google Patents
Methode de reduction de la permeabilite du papier et du carton, et produit utilise a cette finInfo
- Publication number
- CA2124194A1 CA2124194A1 CA002124194A CA2124194A CA2124194A1 CA 2124194 A1 CA2124194 A1 CA 2124194A1 CA 002124194 A CA002124194 A CA 002124194A CA 2124194 A CA2124194 A CA 2124194A CA 2124194 A1 CA2124194 A1 CA 2124194A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- coating substance
- dispersion
- ized
- character
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 18
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims 13
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229960002163 hydrogen peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004826 Synthetic adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004139 alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000637 alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940024171 alpha-amylase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl acetate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CC(=O)OC=C CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006225 natural substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010816 packaging waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/06—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard specially treated, e.g. surfaced, parchmentised
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B29/005—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to another layer of paper or cardboard layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
- D21H27/32—Multi-ply with materials applied between the sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/12—Coating on the layer surface on paper layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/028—Paper layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
- B32B2317/20—Starch
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI915541 | 1991-11-25 | ||
| FI915541A FI90793C (fi) | 1991-11-25 | 1991-11-25 | Menetelmä paperin tai kartongin läpäisevyyden vähentämiseksi sekä menetelmässä käytettävä aine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2124194A1 true CA2124194A1 (fr) | 1993-06-10 |
Family
ID=8533548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002124194A Abandoned CA2124194A1 (fr) | 1991-11-25 | 1992-11-11 | Methode de reduction de la permeabilite du papier et du carton, et produit utilise a cette fin |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2124194A1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE4294110T1 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI90793C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2685018B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2287420B (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL194977C (fr) |
| SE (1) | SE505439C2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1993011300A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9411080D0 (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1994-07-20 | Unilever Plc | Treatment |
| NL9401752A (nl) * | 1994-10-21 | 1996-06-03 | Walki Sack Bv | Gelaagd verpakkings- of afdekmateriaal, werkwijze voor de vervaardiging hiervan en van dit materiaal gevormde verpakking of afdekking. |
| FI98943C (fi) * | 1996-01-10 | 1997-09-10 | Raisio Chem Oy | Menetelmä paperin tai kartongin ominaisuuksien parantamiseksi |
| US6569539B2 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 2003-05-27 | Tetra Level Holdings & Finance S.A. | Gas barrier packaging laminate method for production thereof and packaging containers |
| FI105566B (fi) * | 1996-12-31 | 2000-09-15 | Valtion Teknillinen | Menetelmä polymeeridispersioiden valmistamiseksi |
| US6780903B2 (en) | 1996-12-31 | 2004-08-24 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | Process for the preparation of polymer dispersions |
| FI980086A7 (fi) | 1997-05-28 | 1998-11-29 | Enso Oyj | Päällystetty kartonki, sen valmistusmenetelmä sekä siitä muodostetut astiat ja pakkaukset |
| DE10049665B4 (de) * | 2000-07-03 | 2004-04-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Mehrschichtige Verpackung für fettende Güter und Verwendung eines Stärkederivats hierfür |
| US7244505B2 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2007-07-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Multilayered packaging for greasy products |
| DE102010028952A1 (de) | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-17 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Low-Profile-Additive auf Basis nachwachsender Rohstoffe |
| EP2514777A1 (fr) | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | Basf Se | Copolymère à base de macromonomères de polysaccharides |
| FI127819B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-03-15 | Kemira Oyj | Coating structure, sheet-like product and its use |
| ES2929862A1 (es) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-12-02 | Mora Martinez Evaristo | Papel hidrófugo compacto con polímero intermedio |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4109056A (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1978-08-22 | Champion International Corporation | Starch/latex cast coatings for paper |
| US4301017A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-11-17 | Standard Brands Incorporated | Stable, liquid starch graft copolymer composition |
| US4585501A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1986-04-29 | Champion International Corporation | Method of use of corrugating adhesive composition for adhering normally abherent surfaces |
| US4690996A (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1987-09-01 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Inverse emulsions |
| DE3730833A1 (de) * | 1987-09-14 | 1989-03-23 | Nicolaus Md Papier | Kationisch eingestellte pigmentdispersion und streichfarbe |
| SE8704754L (sv) * | 1987-11-27 | 1989-05-28 | Lacani Ab | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av fuktbestaendig well-papp |
| FI82734C (fi) * | 1987-12-07 | 1991-04-10 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av en pappers- eller kartongprodukt och en genom foerfarandet framstaelld produkt. |
| US5003022A (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1991-03-26 | Penford Products Company | Starch graft polymers |
| US5112445A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1992-05-12 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Gellan gum sizing |
| DE3922784A1 (de) * | 1989-07-11 | 1991-01-17 | Synthomer Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung waessriger, dextrinhaltiger polymerisatdispersionen |
| JPH04185797A (ja) * | 1990-11-08 | 1992-07-02 | Sumitomo Seika Chem Co Ltd | 紙用塗工組成物 |
| ATE157133T1 (de) * | 1992-06-19 | 1997-09-15 | Penford Products Co | Bindemittel aus kationischer staerke/vinylacetat zum beschichten von pappe |
-
1991
- 1991-11-25 FI FI915541A patent/FI90793C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-11-11 WO PCT/FI1992/000305 patent/WO1993011300A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1992-11-11 NL NL9220027A patent/NL194977C/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-11 CA CA002124194A patent/CA2124194A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1992-11-11 GB GB9408432A patent/GB2287420B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-11 DE DE4294110T patent/DE4294110T1/de not_active Ceased
- 1992-11-24 FR FR9214075A patent/FR2685018B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-05-20 SE SE9401765A patent/SE505439C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL9220027A (nl) | 1994-12-01 |
| FI90793B (fi) | 1993-12-15 |
| NL194977C (nl) | 2003-03-27 |
| FI915541A0 (fi) | 1991-11-25 |
| GB9408432D0 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| FI90793C (fi) | 1994-03-25 |
| FR2685018A1 (fr) | 1993-06-18 |
| GB2287420B (en) | 1996-06-05 |
| WO1993011300A1 (fr) | 1993-06-10 |
| DE4294110T1 (de) | 1995-06-01 |
| SE9401765D0 (sv) | 1994-05-20 |
| FI915541L (fi) | 1993-05-26 |
| SE9401765L (sv) | 1994-05-20 |
| GB2287420A (en) | 1995-09-20 |
| SE505439C2 (sv) | 1997-08-25 |
| FR2685018B1 (fr) | 1995-12-08 |
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Effective date: 20041012 |