AU2019264630B2 - Capping - Google Patents

Abstract

C:\Interwovn\NRPortbl\DCC\TXB\19537750 _.docx-4/l/2019 A formwork panel for forming adjacent concrete bodies, the formwork panel having a formwork panel body and a formwork panel capping arranged to be selectively moved from a coupled condition in which the formwork panel capping is coupled to the formwork panel body to form a surface level with upper surfaces of the concrete bodies and a decoupled condition in which at least part of the formwork panel capping is decoupled from the formwork panel body so as to form a well between the concrete bodies. C:\Interwoven\NRPortbl\DCC\TXB\19537750_L.docx-14/11/2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

Description

10/16 10/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

90 90 94 94 92 92 100 100 100 100 92 92

4 I4 4

4 I 4 2019264630

4 D 68 D 68 68 4 68

D 4 I 4 A D D 4

FIG. FIG. 18 18 104 102 104 102 102 104 102 104

4 4 D 98 98 I 4

4 4 D 4 4 D 96 96 4 D 4

A 4

I D 4

FIG. FIG. 19 19 104 104 104 104

4 4 D D 4 I 4 D 4 4 D 96 96 4 I 4 I 4 A I I 4

FIG. FIG. 20

01 Jul 2025 2019264630 01 Jul 2025

CAPPING CAPPING

Field of Field of the the Invention Invention

55 TheThe present present invention invention relatestotoa aformwork relates formwork system system and, and, more more specifically,but specifically, butnotnot exclusively, to to aa formwork formworksystem system for for forming concrete panels of a pathway, footpath, 2019264630

exclusively, forming concrete panels of a pathway, footpath,

sidewalk sidewalk oror the the like. like.

Backgroundtotothe Background the Invention Invention 10 10

It is known to use a plastic concrete shuttering system for forming concrete slabs or panels, It is known to use a plastic concrete shuttering system for forming concrete slabs or panels,

such as such as in in aa pathway, pathway,footpath, footpath,side sidewall wall or or thethe like.In In like. particular,there particular, thereis isa aconcrete concrete formworksystem formwork system available available under under the the trade trade markmark "K-Form" "K-Form" which provides which provides screed screed rails rails having aacross-sectional having cross-sectional shape shapegenerally generallyof ofan an inverted inverted T. T. However, However, the applicant the applicant has has 15 15 identified that identified that existing existing formwork formworksystems systemsuseusemetallic metallicdowels dowels which which are are prone prone to to corrosion. The corrosion. Thecorrosion corrosioncan canlead leadtotofailure failureofof the the dowels dowelsresulting resultingininadjacent adjacentpanels panelsnono longer being longer beingkept keptlevel, level,ororatatleast leastinindeterioration deteriorationofofappearance appearance where where the the corrosion corrosion

becomesvisible. becomes visible.Furthermore, Furthermore, thethe applicant applicant hashas identified identified thatititwould that wouldbe be desirable desirable forfor

there to there to be be provided provided aa formwork systemwith formwork system withimproved improved cost-effectiveness. cost-effectiveness.

20 20 Examplesof of Examples thethe present present invention invention seek seek to avoid to avoid or at or at ameliorate least least ameliorate one one or more or more disadvantagesof disadvantages of existing existing concrete formworksystems. concrete formwork systems.

Alternatively or additionally, an example of the present invention seeks to at least provide Alternatively or additionally, an example of the present invention seeks to at least provide

25 the the 25 public public with with a useful a useful choice. choice.

Summary Summary ofofthe theInvention Invention

In accordance In withthe accordance with thepresent presentinvention, invention,there there is is provided providedaaformwork formwork panel panel forfor forming forming

30 30 adjacentconcrete adjacent concretebodies, bodies,the theformwork formwork panel panel having having a formwork a formwork panel panel bodybody and aand a formworkpanel formwork panel capping capping arranged arranged to betoselectively be selectively movedmoved from a from a coupled coupled condition condition in in which the which the formwork formworkpanel panel capping cappingisis coupled coupled to to the the formwork formwork panel panel body bodytotoform forma a surface level with surface level with upper uppersurfaces surfacesofofthetheconcrete concrete bodies bodies and and a decoupled a decoupled condition condition in in

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whichatat least which least part part of of the the formwork panelcapping formwork panel cappingis is decoupled decoupled from from the the formwork formwork panel panel

bodysosoasastotoform body form a well a well between between the concrete the concrete bodies, bodies, wherein wherein the capping the capping includes includes

opposed armsextending opposed arms extendinglaterally laterally outwardly from opposite outwardly from opposite sides sides of of the the capping capping for for embeddingdistal embedding distalends endsofofthe thearms armsininthe theconcrete concretebodies bodiessuch suchthat thatthe thearms armsareareable abletotobebe 55 stretched stretched to to accommodate accommodate relative relative outward outward movement/retraction movement/retraction of the of the concrete concrete bodies. bodies. 2019264630

Preferably, the Preferably, the well well has has aapredetermined depth. predetermined depth.

Preferably, the Preferably, the formwork cappingisisformed formwork capping formedwith witha afrangible frangiblepart partwhich whichisistorn tornto to move movethe the 10 10 formwork formwork panel panel capping capping from from thethe coupled coupled conditiontotothe condition thedecoupled decoupledcondition. condition. More More preferably, the preferably, the frangible part is frangible part is located located between between ananupper upper portion portion of of thethe capping capping and and a a lower portion lower portion of of thethe capping capping such such that tearing that tearing the frangible the frangible part separates part separates the upperthe upper portion portion

of the of the capping capping from the lower from the lower portion portion of of the the capping. capping.

15 Preferably, 15 Preferably, each each of the of the distal distal ends ends has has an enlarged an enlarged portion portion to facilitate to facilitate retainment retainment in the in the

concrete. concrete.

In one In one form, the opposed form, the armsextend opposed arms extendoutwardly outwardly from from thethe lower lower portion portion of of thethe capping. capping.

20 There 20 There is also is also disclosed disclosed a dowel a dowel for controlling for controlling relative relative level level between between adjacentadjacent panels, panels, whereinthe wherein thedowel dowelis is formed formed of corrosion-free of corrosion-free material material sotoasavoid so as to avoid corrosion corrosion of theof the dowel. dowel.

Preferably, the adjacent panels are concrete panels. Preferably, the adjacent panels are concrete panels.

25 25

Preferably, the dowel is formed of material which is non-metallic. Preferably, the dowel is formed of material which is non-metallic.

Preferably, the Preferably, the dowel is formed dowel is of aa polymer formed of material. polymer material.

30 Preferably, 30 Preferably, wherein wherein the the dowel dowel is formed is formed of a of a plastic plastic material. material.

In In one one form, the dowel form, the is formed dowel is formedofofaa metal metalmaterial material portion portion covered coveredininaa polymer polymermaterial material portion. More portion. More preferably, preferably, the the polymer polymer material material portion portion seals within seals within itself itself the the metal metal

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material portion in an air-tight seal. material portion in an air-tight seal.

Preferably, the Preferably, the dowel dowelisis formed formedfrom from material material to avoid to avoid corrosion corrosion from from oxidation oxidation of theof the dowel. dowel.

55 Preferably, the the dowel is substantially substantially planar. planar. More preferably, the the dowel dowelisis in in the the form of 2019264630

Preferably, dowel is More preferably, form of

aa plate. plate.

Preferably, opposed Preferably, edgesofofthe opposed edges thedowel dowelareare tapered tapered inwardly inwardly toward toward a central a central axisaxis of the of the

10 dowel, 10 dowel, the the central central axis axis lying lying within within a planeofofthe a plane thedowel. dowel.More More preferably, preferably, tapering tapering of of said said

opposed edgesofofthe opposed edges theplate plate dowel dowelisis configured configuredtoto allow, allow, in in situ, situ, lateral lateralmovement between movement between

the adjacent concrete panels once the panels contract during drying of the concrete. the adjacent concrete panels once the panels contract during drying of the concrete.

In In a a preferred preferred form, the dowel form, the dowelhas hasa across-ribbed cross-ribbedstructure structureononananupper upper surface surface andand on on a a

15 lower 15 lower surface surface to increase to increase structuralrigidity. structural rigidity.

Preferably, the Preferably, the dowel dowelhas hasrounded rounded corners. corners. More More preferably, preferably, the rounded the rounded corners corners are are radiused. radiused.

20 Preferably, 20 Preferably,the thedowel dowelhashas rounded rounded edges. edges. More More preferably, preferably, the rounded the rounded edgesedges are are radiused. radiused.

Preferably, the Preferably, the dowel hasaaflange dowel has flangearranged arrangedtotoabut abutagainst againsta asideform sideformthrough through which which the the

dowel is inserted. dowel is inserted. More More preferably, preferably, thethe flange flange extends extends in ain a plane plane perpendicular perpendicular to theto the

25 plane 25 plane of the of the plate plate dowel. dowel. Even Even more preferably, more preferably, the flange the flange is adapted is adapted to sealtoagainst seal against the the sideform sideform soso as as to to prevent prevent ingress ingress of concrete of concrete to a joint to a joint between between adjacentadjacent concrete concrete panels. panels.

In a preferred form, the dowel is adapted for use in a non-industrial application. In a preferred form, the dowel is adapted for use in a non-industrial application.

30 It is 30 It is preferred preferred thatthethedowel that dowel is adapted is adapted for for being being cast cast intointo a concrete a concrete footpath footpath so assotoas to

transfer load between adjacent concrete panels of the footpath. transfer load between adjacent concrete panels of the footpath.

There is There is also also disclosed disclosed aa concrete concrete footpath footpathformwork formwork system including aa dowel system including dowel for for

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transferring load transferring betweenadjacent load between adjacent concrete concrete panels, panels, wherein wherein the dowel the dowel is a asdowel is a dowel as described above. described above.

There isis also There also disclosed discloseda aconcrete concretefootpath footpath formwork formwork system system including including a sideform a sideform for for 55 forming forming adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels panels of a of a footpath footpath and and a a dowel dowel adapted adapted to extend to extend through through the the sideform for transferring transferring load load between the adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels, panels, wherein the dowel dowelisis aa 2019264630

sideform for between the wherein the

dowel as described dowel as describedabove. above.

Preferably, the Preferably, the sideform sideformisis formed formedasasa unitary a unitary panel panel having having one one or more or more ribs between ribs between

10 opposed 10 opposed facesfaces to facilitate to facilitate crushing crushing of theofsideform the sideform in response in response to expansion to expansion of the of the concrete panels. concrete panels.

Morepreferably, More preferably,thethe sideform sideform panelpanel is substantially is substantially planarplanar and arranged and arranged to extendto extend perpendicular to a surface of the footpath. perpendicular to a surface of the footpath.

15 15

There isis also There also disclosed disclosed aa sleeve sleeve for for aa dowel, dowel,wherein whereinthethe sleeve sleeve is is adapted adapted to to clip clip on on to to formworkthrough formwork through which which thethe dowel dowel is inserted. is inserted.

Preferably, the sleeve includes a flange for abutting against the formwork, a sleeve portion Preferably, the sleeve includes a flange for abutting against the formwork, a sleeve portion

20 extending 20 extending fromfrom the flange, the flange, an upper an upper rib supporting rib supporting the sleeve the sleeve portion portion relative relative to the to the flange flange

and and aa lower lowerrib rib supporting supportingthe thesleeve sleeveportion portionrelative relative to to the the flange. Morepreferably, flange. More preferably,the the flange includes flange includes an an upper flange portion upper flange portion for for engagement withananupper engagement with upper railofofthe rail the formwork formwork and and aa lower lowerflange flangeportion portionhaving having resilientclips resilient clipsfor forclipping clippingbehind behinda lower a lower rail rail of of thethe

formwork. formwork.

25 25

Evenmore Even morepreferably, preferably,the thesleeve sleeveincludes includessurrounds surrounds around around the the resilient resilient clipspreventing clips preventing dislodgementofofthe dislodgement the upper upperflange flangeportion portion from fromthe theupper upperrail rail of of the the formwork. formwork.

Preferably, the Preferably, the sleeve sleeveincludes includescrushable crushable internal internal lateral lateral movement movement voids located voids located at at 30 opposed 30 opposed sidessides of aof a cavity cavity forfor receiving receiving thethe dowel. dowel.

Preferably, thesleeve Preferably, the sleeve includes includes an expansion an expansion void. void.

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Preferably, the sleeve portion includes internal ribs which provide interference on insertion Preferably, the sleeve portion includes internal ribs which provide interference on insertion

of the dowel. of the dowel.

In a preferred In a preferredform, form,thethe sleeve sleeve includes includes centering centering ribs which, ribs which, when thewhen sleevethe is sleeve clipped is on clipped on

55 to to thethe formwork, formwork, protrude protrude intointo a dowel a dowel slotthe slot of of formwork the formwork to prevent to prevent lateral lateral

misalignment of the sleeve and the slot. 2019264630

misalignment of the sleeve and the slot.

There isis also There also disclosed discloseda aconcrete concretefootpath footpath formwork formwork system system including including a sideform a sideform for for formingadjacent forming adjacentconcrete concretepanels panels of of a footpath, a footpath, a dowel a dowel adapted adapted to extend to extend through through the the 10 sideform 10 sideform for transferring for transferring load load between between the adjacent the adjacent concrete concrete panels, panels, and aforsleeve for and a sleeve

receiving the dowel, wherein the sleeve is adapted to clip on to the sideform. receiving the dowel, wherein the sleeve is adapted to clip on to the sideform.

There is There is also also disclosed disclosed an an articulating articulatingdowel dowel system, system, including including aa dowel dowel and and aa dowel sleeve, dowel sleeve,

whereinthe wherein the dowel dowelincludes includesa acam cam portion portion located located within within thethe sleeve sleeve to to allow allow thethe dowel dowel to to 15 pivot 15 pivot relative relative toto thedowel the dowel sleeve. sleeve.

Preferably, the Preferably, the cam portionhas cam portion hasaaforward forwardrounded rounded part part to to facilitate pivoting facilitate pivoting of of the the dowel dowel relative totothe relative thedowel dowel sleeve, sleeve,and and aarearward rearward tapered tapered part partextending extending rearwardly and tapering rearwardly and tapering inwardly from inwardly fromthetherounded rounded partpart to limit to limit pivotal pivotal movement movement of theofdowel the dowel relative relative to the to the 20 dowel 20 dowel sleeve. sleeve. More More preferably, preferably, the rounded the rounded part part and theand the tapered tapered part define part define a pivota with pivot with upper and upper and lower lower stops stops to to allow allow limited limited upward and downward upward and downwardpivoting pivotingofofthe the dowel dowel relative to the dowel sleeve. relative to the dowel sleeve.

Preferably, the Preferably, the dowel is formed dowel is fromcorrosion-free formed from corrosion-free material. material. 25 25

In aa preferred In preferred form, form, the the sleeve sleeveisis adapted adaptedtotoclip cliponontotoa asideform sideformforfor forming forming adjacent adjacent

concrete panels. concrete panels.

There isis also There also disclosed discloseda aconcrete concretefootpath footpath formwork formwork system system including including a sideform a sideform for for 30 forming 30 forming adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panelspanels of a footpath, of a footpath, a adapted a dowel dowel adapted tothrough to extend extend the through the sideform fortransferring sideform for transferring load loadbetween between the the adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels, panels, and aand a sleeve sleeve for for receiving the receiving the dowel, whereinthe dowel, wherein thedowel dowelisisarranged arrangedtotopivot pivotupwardly upwardly and/or and/or downwardly downwardly

relative to the sleeve. relative to the sleeve.

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Preferably, the Preferably, the concrete footpath formwork concrete footpath formwork system system includes includes a seal a seal fitted fitted to to thesideform, the sideform, whereinthe wherein the seal seal has has an an aperture aperture through through which whicha atongue tongueofofthe thedowel dowelin in insertedsuch inserted suchthat that the seal operates to seal between the dowel and the sideform against concrete ingress. the seal operates to seal between the dowel and the sideform against concrete ingress.

55 There is is also also disclosed disclosed aa formwork panelfor for forming formingadjacent adjacentconcrete concretebodies, bodies,wherein whereinthe the 2019264630

There formwork panel

formworkpanel formwork panelisisadapted adaptedtotobebecompressible compressibleononexpansion expansion of of thethe concrete concrete bodies. bodies.

Preferably, the Preferably, the formwork formworkpanel panel is is substantiallyplanar. substantially planar.MoreMore preferably, preferably, the formwork the formwork

10 panel 10 panel is substantiallyplanar is substantially planartotobebeinina aplane planesubstantially substantiallyperpendicular perpendiculartotoaatravel travel surface surface formedbybyupper formed uppersurfaces surfacesofofthe the concrete concretebodies. bodies.

In In aa preferred preferred form, form, the theformwork panelis formwork panel is extruded. extruded.

15 Preferably, 15 Preferably, the the formwork formwork panel panel has at has leastatone least one internal internal void to facilitate void to facilitate sacrificial sacrificial

compressionofofthe compression theformwork formwork panel panel on on expansion expansion of the of the concrete concrete bodies. bodies.

Preferably, the Preferably, the formwork panelhas formwork panel hasa apair pairofofopposed opposedsideform sideform walls walls connected connected by least by at at least one sacrificialrib one sacrificial ribdefining defininganan internal internal void void between between the opposed the opposed sideform sideform walls. walls. 20 20 Preferably, the Preferably, the formwork panelhashas formwork panel a pairofofopposed a pair opposed rails rails along along at at leastoneone least side side of of thethe

formwork panel, formwork panel, the the opposed opposedrails rails defining defining aa channel channel for for slideable slideable mounting of an mounting of an accessory to the accessory to the formwork formwork panel. panel. More More preferably, preferably, the channel the channel enablesenables the formwork the formwork

panel to panel to be be connected to another connected to another like like formwork panelbybyinserting formwork panel insertingone oneend endofofa ajoiner joinerplate plate 25 in the 25 in the channel channel the the formwork formwork panelpanel andopposite and an an opposite end end of theofjoiner the joiner plateplate in the in the channel channel of of the like the like formwork panel. formwork panel.

Preferably, the Preferably, the formwork panelhas formwork panel hasa aconstant constantcross-sectional cross-sectionalshape shapealong alongits its length length and andisis able to be able to becut cuttotolength lengthaccordingly. accordingly. 30 30 Preferably, the Preferably, the formwork panelhas formwork panel hasananupper upper capping, capping, thethe capping capping having having sidewalls sidewalls and and a a top surface arranged to be level with upper surfaces of the concrete bodies. top surface arranged to be level with upper surfaces of the concrete bodies.

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There is There is also also disclosed disclosed a a concrete footpath formwork concrete footpath formworksystem, system, including including a formwork a formwork panel panel

for forming adjacent concrete panels of a footpath, and a support bracket for supporting the for forming adjacent concrete panels of a footpath, and a support bracket for supporting the

system relative to system relative to aa ground groundsurface, surface, wherein whereinthetheformwork formwork panel panel has has a pair a pair of vertically of vertically

opposed longitudinalrails, opposed longitudinal rails, and and the the support support bracket bracket has has an an engagement formationwhich engagement formation whichhashas

55 an an unlocked unlocked orientation orientation for inserting for inserting the formation the formation betweenbetween the rails the opposed opposed rails to abut to abut against the formwork formwork panel andand a rotated, locked orientation wherein the formation is 2019264630

against the panel a rotated, locked orientation wherein the formation is

locked by locked by the the rails rails against againstlateral withdrawal lateral withdrawalfrom fromthe theformwork panel. formwork panel.

Preferably, the Preferably, the formation is unlocked formation is unlockedfrom fromthe theopposed opposed railsbyby rails rotationofofthetheformation rotation formation 10 about 10 about a lateralaxis a lateral axisofofthe thesystem systemfrom from thelocked the lockedorientation orientationtotothe theunlocked unlockedorientation. orientation.

Preferably, the Preferably, the bracket bracket isis supported supportedrelative relativetotothe theground ground surface surface by by a stake, a stake, and and the the bracket has an aperture for receiving a stake. bracket has an aperture for receiving a stake.

15 Preferably, 15 Preferably, thethe stake stake is is threaded. threaded. MoreMore preferably, preferably, the threaded the threaded stakestake has opposed has opposed faces faces

and the bracket and the bracket is is formed with rotationally formed with rotationally spaced engagement spaced engagement portionssuch portions such thatthe that thestake stake is able is able to be freely to be freely slid slid through the bracket through the bracketand andlocked locked by by rotating rotating the the stake stake about about its its longitudinal axis relative to the bracket. longitudinal axis relative to the bracket.

20 Preferably, 20 Preferably, thethe bracket bracket terminates terminates above above a lower a lower edgeedge of the of the formwork formwork panel. panel.

Preferably, the formwork panel is formed as a unitary part. Preferably, the formwork panel is formed as a unitary part.

Preferably, the Preferably, the formwork panelhashasa pair formwork panel a pairofofopposed opposed sidewalls sidewalls formed formed integrally integrally withwith at at 25 least 25 least oneone rib,the rib, theopposed opposed sidewalls sidewalls defining defining a void a void therebetween. therebetween.

In a preferred In a preferredform, form,thethe bracket bracket is formed is formed as a unitary as a unitary part. part.

Preferably, the bracket has a central rib extending along the length of the bracket. Preferably, the bracket has a central rib extending along the length of the bracket.

30 30

In the In the description description in in this thisspecification, specification,reference referencemay may be be made tosubject made to subject matter matterwhich whichisis not within not within the thescope scopeof of thethe appended appended claims. claims. That subject That subject matter beshould matter should be readily readily

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identifiable by identifiable by aa person personskilled skilledininthe theartartandand maymay assist assist in putting in putting into into practice practice the the invention as invention as defined defined in in the the presently presentlyappended claims. appended claims.

Brief Description Brief Descriptionofofthe theDrawings Drawings 55 Preferred embodiments embodiments of of theinvention inventionwill willbebedescribed, described,bybyway wayof of non-limiting example 2019264630

Preferred the non-limiting example

only, with only, with reference reference to to the theaccompanying drawings accompanying drawings inin which: which:

Figure11shows Figure showsa atop topview viewofofa adowel; dowel; Figure22shows Figure showsa aperspective perspectiveview viewofofthe thedowel; dowel; 10 Figure 10 Figure 3 shows 3 shows an opposite an opposite side side perspective perspective view view of dowel; of the the dowel; Figures3a3atoto3c3cshow Figures showtoptop andand perspective perspective views views of alternative of alternative dowels dowels having having a different a different

shape; shape;

Figure44shows Figure showsbottom bottom detailofofa acorrosion-free detail corrosion-freeplate plate dowel; dowel; Figure 5 shows a cross rib structure of the dowel in plan view; Figure 5 shows a cross rib structure of the dowel in plan view;

15 Figure 15 Figure 6 shows 6 shows a sealing a sealing flange flange of the of the dowel dowel whenwhen used used to seal to seal against against a sideform; a sideform;

Figure77shows Figure showsa aside sideview viewofofa aclip-on clip-on cantilevered cantilevered plate plate dowel sleeve; dowel sleeve;

Figure88shows Figure showsa aperspective perspectiveview viewofofthe thesleeve; sleeve; Figure99shows Figure showsa aside sidecutaway cutawayview view of of anan articulatingdowel articulating dowelsystem; system; Figure1010shows Figure showsa aperspective perspectiveview viewofof thearticulating the articulating dowel dowelsystem; system; 20 Figure 20 Figure 11 shows 11 shows a sidea cross-sectional side cross-sectional view view of an of an articulating articulating dowel dowel system system with with 50mm 50mm vertical lift; vertical lift;

Figure1212shows Figure showsa acam cam component component of the of the articulating articulating dowel dowel system; system;

Figure1313shows Figure showsa aperspective perspectiveview viewofof a amulti-functional multi-functionalformwork formwork panel; panel;

Figure1414shows Figure showsa across-sectional cross-sectionalview viewofofthe themulti-functional multi-functionalformwork formwork panel; panel;

25 Figure 25 Figure 15 shows 15 shows two multi-functional two multi-functional formwork formwork panels panels connected connected together; together;

Figure1616shows Figure showsa amulti-functional multi-functionalformwork formwork panel panel having having a capping a capping installed installed thereon; thereon;

Figure17 Figure 17shows showsjoining joiningofoftwo twomulti-functional multi-functionalformwork formwork panels; panels;

Figure1818shows Figure showsa aRip-A-Strip Rip-A-Strip sealantwell sealant wellcapping capping in in place; place;

Figure1919shows Figure showsthethecapping capping removed removed to form to form a well; a well;

30 Figure 30 Figure 20 shows 20 shows the well the well filled filled withwith material; material;

Figure2121shows Figure showsstretching stretchingofofananarm armofofthe thecapping; capping; Figure 22 is a perspective view of a twist and lock stake bracket and stake; Figure 22 is a perspective view of a twist and lock stake bracket and stake;

Figure2323shows Figure showsthethebracket bracketininananunlocked unlockedcondition; condition;

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Figure2424shows Figure showsthethebracket bracketininaalocked lockedcondition; condition; Figure25 Figure 25shows showsthe thebracket bracketand andstake stakeininplace placeononthe themulti-functional multi-functionalformwork formwork panel; panel;

Figure2626shows Figure shows two two joined joined formwork formwork panels,panels, each ahaving each having a stake stake and andfitted bracket bracket fitted thereto; thereto;

5 Figure 5 Figure 27 shows 27 shows detail detail of the of the multi-functional multi-functional formwork formwork panel panel havinghaving opposed opposed rails rails down down one side; 2019264630

one side;

Figure 28 shows detail of the bracket and its attachment to the opposed rails; and Figure 28 shows detail of the bracket and its attachment to the opposed rails; and

Figures29a Figures 29atoto29d 29dshow show a clip-onfoot a clip-on footfor forsupporting supportingthe theformwork formwork panel. panel.

10 10 Detailed Detailed Description Description

Withreference With referencetoto Figures Figures11 to to 6, 6, there there is isshown shown aa dowel dowel1010for forcontrolling controlling relative relative level between level adjacentconcrete between adjacent concretepanels, panels,such suchthat thatone oneconcrete concretepanel panel of of a footpath a footpath or or thethe

like will like will stay stay level levelwith with aa neighbouring concretepanel neighbouring concrete panelsosoasastotomaintain maintaina alevel levelwalking walking 15 path 15 path and and to avoid to avoid a tripping a tripping hazard. hazard. The The doweldowel 10 is 10 is formed formed of corrosion-free of corrosion-free material material so so as to avoid as to avoidcorrosion corrosionof of thethe dowel dowel 10. 10.

Theadjacent The adjacentpanels panelsbeing being kept kept level level by the by the doweldowel 10 are10 are formed formed of concrete, of concrete,

howeveritit is however is possible possible that that the the dowel 10 and dowel 10 and associated associated formwork formwork system system may may be used be used for for 20 maintaining 20 maintaining a level a level between between panels panels cast cast from from a different a different material. material. As shown As shown in Figures in Figures 1 1 to 6, to 6, the the dowel dowel 10 is formed 10 is frommaterial formed from materialwhich whichisisnon-metallic non-metallicand andisispreferably preferablyformed formed of of aa polymer polymermaterial materialor orother other plasticmaterial plastic material which which is not is not prone prone to corrosion to corrosion as areas are

typical metal typical dowels.In In metal dowels. oneone particular particular form, form, thethe dowel dowel 10 be 10 may may be formed formed of of a metal a metal material portion material portion covered in aa polymer covered in polymermaterial materialportion. portion.InInthat thatcase, case, the the polymer polymermaterial material 25 portion seals within itself the metal material portion in an air-tight seal so as to protect the 25 portion seals within itself the metal material portion in an air-tight seal so as to protect the

metal material metal material portion portion from corrosion from from corrosion fromoxidation. oxidation.

Figures 3a Figures to 3c 3a to show top 3c show top and andperspective perspective views views of of alternative alternative dowels dowels 10 having aa 10 having

different shape. different shape. Whereas thedowel Whereas the dowel1010shown shown in in Figures Figures 1 to 1 to 3 isininthe 3 is the form formofofaa six-sided six-sided 30 shape 30 shape (being (being rectangular rectangular at one at one side side of flange of the the flange 18 having 18 and and having a tapered a tapered portion portion at theat the

other side other side of the flange), of the flange), the the dowels 10shown dowels 10 shownin in Figures Figures 3a 3a to to 3c 3c areare four-sided. four-sided. More More

specifically, specifically,the thefour-sided four-sideddowels dowels 10 of Figures 10 of 3a to Figures 3a to 3c 3c have havefront front and andrear rear sides sides which which

- 10-- 01 Jul 2025 2019264630 01 Jul 2025

are mutually are mutually parallel, parallel, as as well well as left as left and and rightright sidessides which which taper taper at at the the same same angle angle on both on both

sides of the flange 18. sides of the flange 18.

As can As canbebeseen seen in in Figures Figures 4 and 4 and 5, the 5, the dowel dowel 10 is 10 is substantially substantially planarplanar and isand is 55 generally generally in the in the form form of aofplate. a plate. Opposed Opposed edgesedges 12 of 12 theofdowel the dowel 10 are 10 are tapered tapered inwardly inwardly

toward a central axis of the dowel 10, the central axis lying within a plane of the dowel 10, 2019264630

toward a central axis of the dowel 10, the central axis lying within a plane of the dowel 10,

the central the central axis axis lying lying along the central along the central vertical vertical rib rib shown in the shown in the orientation orientation of of Figure Figure 5. 5. Taperingofofthe Tapering theopposed opposed edges edges 12 the 12 of of the plate plate dowel dowel 10 is10 is configured configured to allow, to allow, in situ, in situ,

lateral movement lateral between movement between the the adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels panels when when the panels the panels contract contract duringduring

10 10 drying drying of of theconcrete. the concrete. The The dowel dowel 10 10 maymay havehave a cross-ribbed a cross-ribbed structureononananupper structure upper surface andonon surface and a lower a lower surface surface to increase to increase structural structural rigidity. rigidity.

As shown As shownininFigure Figure 5, 5, thedowel the dowel 10 10 may may have have rounded rounded corners corners 14 may 14 which which be may be radiused. The radiused. dowel 10 The dowel 10 may mayalso also have have rounded rounded edges edges 16 16 (see (see Figure Figure 4) 4) which which may be may be

15 radiused. 15 radiused.

Thedowel The dowel1010 maymay havehave a flange a flange 18 arranged 18 arranged to against to abut abut against a sideform a sideform 20 (see20 (see Figure 6) Figure 6) through throughwhich which the the dowel dowel 10 is10 is inserted. inserted. The flange The flange 18 extends 18 extends in in a plane a plane perpendicular to perpendicular to the the plane plane of of the the plate plate dowel 10. The dowel 10. Theflange flange1818 is isadapted adapted to to sealagainst seal against 20 the the 20 sideform sideform 20assotoasprevent 20 so to prevent ingress ingress of concrete of concrete to a to a joint joint between between adjacent adjacent concrete concrete

panels. panels.

Thedowel The dowelmaymay be adapted be adapted forinuse for use in a non-industrial a non-industrial application application and mayand be may be adapted for adapted for being beingcast castinto intoa aconcrete concretefootpath footpath so so as as to to transfer transfer load load between between adjacent adjacent

25 concrete 25 concrete panels panels of the of the footpath. footpath.

Accordingly,there Accordingly, thereisis disclosed disclosedaacorrosion-free corrosion-freetapered taperedplate platedowel dowelload load transfer transfer

system. Thetapered system. The taperedplate platedowel dowel provides provides lateralmovement lateral movement onceonce the joint the joint contracts. contracts. The The

double-sidedcross-ribbed double-sided cross-ribbedstructure structure provides provides increased increased structural structural rigidity rigidity (providing (providing

30 increased 30 increased bending bending strength) strength) by breaking by breaking up un-reinforced up un-reinforced horizontal horizontal surfaces. surfaces. Corners Corners and and

edges are edges areradiused radiusedtotoprevent prevent point point loads loads giving giving eveneven distributed distributed forces forces atdowel at the the dowel perimeter. The perimeter. Theflange flange1818onon thedowel the dowel acts acts as as a seal a seal preventing preventing concrete concrete ingress ingress into into thethe

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joint. The joint. Theflange flange1818 maymay optionally optionally incorporate incorporate a rubber a rubber seal seal to to facilitate facilitate the sealing the sealing

effect. effect.

Withreference With referenceto to Figure Figure 6, 6, there there is is shown shown aa concrete concrete footpath footpath formwork formworksystem system 22 22 55 including including a sideform a sideform 20 for 20 for forming forming adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels panels of a of a footpath footpath and and a a dowel dowel 10 10 adapted toto extend extendthrough through thethe sideform 20 transferring for transferring load load between the adjacent 2019264630

adapted sideform 20 for between the adjacent

concrete panels, concrete panels, wherein the dowel wherein the dowelisisformed formedofofcorrosion-free corrosion-freematerial. material.TheThe sideform sideform 20 20 is formed is asa aunitary formed as unitarypanel panelhaving having oneone or more or more ribs ribs 24 between 24 between opposedopposed faces 26faces to 26 to facilitate crushing of the sideform 20 in response to expansion of the concrete panels. facilitate crushing of the sideform 20 in response to expansion of the concrete panels.

10 10

Withreference With referencetotoFigures Figures7 and 7 and 8, there 8, there is shown is shown a sleeve a sleeve 28a for 28 for a dowel dowel 10, 10, whereinthe wherein thesleeve sleeve2828isisadapted adaptedtotoclip cliponontotoformwork formwork through through whichwhich the dowel the dowel 10 is 10 is inserted. With reference to Figure 7, the sleeve 28 includes a flange 30 for abutting against inserted. With reference to Figure 7, the sleeve 28 includes a flange 30 for abutting against

the formwork the formwork 20,20, a sleeve a sleeve portion portion 32 extending 32 extending from from the the flange flange 30, anribupper 30, an upper 34 rib 34 15 supporting 15 supporting the the sleeve sleeve portion portion 32 relative 32 relative to to theflange the flange3030andand a lower a lower ribrib 3636 supporting supporting thethe

sleeve sleeve portion portion 32 relative totothe 32 relative theflange flange30. 30. The The flange flange 30 30 includes includes an an upper flange portion upper flange portion 38 for engagement 38 for engagementwith with an an upper upper railrail 40 40 of of thethe formwork formwork and aand a lower lower flangeflange portion portion 42 42 having resilient clips 44 for clipping behind a lower rail 46 of the formwork. having resilient clips 44 for clipping behind a lower rail 46 of the formwork.

20 20 Thesleeve The sleeve2828maymay include include surrounds surrounds aroundaround the resilient the resilient clips clips 44 44 preventing preventing

dislodgementofofthe dislodgement theupper upperflange flangeportion portion3838from from thethe upper upper rail4040ofofthe rail theformwork. formwork.The The sleeve 28 may sleeve 28 mayinclude include crushable crushable internal internal lateralmovement lateral movement voidsvoids 48 located 48 located at opposed at opposed

sides of sides of aa cavity cavity 50 50 for for receiving receiving the the dowel 10. The dowel 10. Thesleeve sleeve2828maymay include include an expansion an expansion

void and void and the the sleeve sleeve portion portion 32 32 may mayinclude includeinternal internalribs ribs5252which whichprovide provide interference interference onon

25 insertion 25 insertion of of thethe dowel dowel 10.10. The The sleeve sleeve 28 includes 28 includes centering centering ribsribs 54 which, 54 which, whenwhen the sleeve the sleeve

28 is 28 is clipped on to clipped on to the the formwork, formwork,protrude protrude intoa adowel into dowel slot slot of of thethe formwork formwork to prevent to prevent

lateral misalignment of the sleeve 28 and the slot. lateral misalignment of the sleeve 28 and the slot.

Accordingly,there Accordingly, thereisis shown showna aconcrete concrete footpath footpath formwork formwork system system 22 including 22 including a a 30 sideform 30 sideform 20 forming 20 for for forming adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels panels of a footpath, of a footpath, a dowel a10dowel 10toadapted to adapted

extend through extend throughthe thesideform sideform2020for fortransferring transferring load load between betweenthe theadjacent adjacentconcrete concretepanels, panels, and and aa sleeve sleeve 28 28 for for receiving receiving the the dowel dowel10, 10,wherein whereinthethesleeve sleeve2828isisadapted adaptedtotoclip cliponontoto the sideform the 20. sideform 20.

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Features: Features:

• Fastener-less pivoting Fastener-less pivoting clip clip on on function function to toextruded extruded formwork. formwork.

• Resists sleeve Resists sleeve pull pulldown down by bracing by bracing itself itself above above sleevesleeve bodylocked body with with inlocked in 55 cantilevered cantilevered ribs. ribs.

• 2019264630

Ribs below Ribs belowthe thesleeve sleeve brace brace sleeve sleeve in in compression. compression.

• Surrounds aroundthe Surrounds around theclips clips prevent preventsleeve sleeve dislodgement dislodgementfrom from toppivoting top pivotingpoint. point. • Incorporates 5mm Incorporates crushableinternal 5mm crushable internal lateral lateral movement movementvoids voids andand a 10mm a 10mm

expansionvoid. expansion void. 10 10 • Corners andedges Corners and edgesare areradiused radiusedtoto prevent prevent point point loads loads giving giving even evendistributed distributed forces forces

at at the the sleeve perimeter. sleeve perimeter.

• Internal ribs Internal ribs provide provide interference interference totothe theplate platedowel dowel upon upon insertion insertion to prevent to prevent

accidental pull-outduring accidental pull-out during concrete concrete pouring. pouring.

• Centring ribs Centring ribs protrude protrude into into the the slot sloton onformwork preventinglateral formwork preventing lateral misalignment of misalignment of

15 15 thethe sleeve sleeve with with thethe slot. slot.

Withreference With referencetoto Figures Figures99toto 12, 12, there there is is also also disclosed disclosed an an articulating articulatingdowel dowel system 56, system 56,

including aa dowel including dowel5858and anda adowel dowel sleeve sleeve 60,wherein 60, wherein thethe dowel dowel 58 includes 58 includes a cam a cam portion portion

62 located within 62 located within the the sleeve sleeve 60 to allow 60 to the dowel allow the 58totopivot dowel 58 pivot relative relative to to the the dowel sleeve dowel sleeve

20 60. 20 60.

Thecam The camportion portion 62 62 hashas a forward a forward rounded rounded part part 64 64Figure (see (see Figure 12) to 12) to facilitate facilitate

pivoting of pivoting of the the dowel dowel5858relative relativetoto the the dowel dowelsleeve sleeve60,60,andand a rearward a rearward tapered tapered partpart 66 66 extending rearwardly extending rearwardlyandand tapering tapering inwardly inwardly from from the rounded the rounded part 64part 64 topivotal to limit limit pivotal 25 movement 25 movement of theofdowel the dowel 58 relative 58 relative to theto the dowel dowel sleeve sleeve 60. The60. The part rounded rounded partthe64 64 and and the tapered part tapered part 66 66 define defineaapivot pivotwith withupper upper andand lower lower stops stops to allow to allow limited limited upward upward and and downward downward pivoting pivoting of of thedowel the dowel 58 58 relative relative toto thedowel the dowel sleeve sleeve 60.TheThe 60. dowel dowel 58 be 58 may may be formedfrom formed fromcorrosion-free corrosion-freematerial materialsuch such as,as, forexample, for example, polymer polymer material. material. The sleeve The sleeve

60 maybebeadapted 60 may adapted to to clipon on clip to to a sideform a sideform 20 for 20 for forming forming adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels panels 68. 68.

30 Accordingly, 30 Accordingly, there there is shown is shown a concrete a concrete footpath footpath formwork formwork systemsystem including including a sideform a sideform 20 20 for forming for formingadjacent adjacentconcrete concrete panels panels 68 aoffootpath, 68 of a footpath, a dowel a dowel 58 adapted 58 adapted to to extend extend through the through the sideform sideform2020for fortransferring transferring load betweenthe load between theadjacent adjacentconcrete concretepanels panels68, 68,and and aa sleeve sleeve 60 60 for for receiving receiving the thedowel dowel 58, 58, wherein the dowel wherein the 58isis arranged dowel 58 arranged to to pivot pivot upwardly upwardly

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and/or downwardly and/or downwardly relative relative to to thesleeve the sleeve 60.60. WithWith reference reference to Figure to Figure 10,concrete 10, the the concrete footpath formwork footpath formwork system system may may include include a 70 a seal sealfitted 70 fitted to sideform to the the sideform 20,seal 20, the the70seal 70 having an having anaperture aperture 72 72through throughwhich which a tongue a tongue 74 74 of of thethe dowel dowel 58 inserted 58 is is inserted such such that that thethe

seal seal 70 70 operates operates to to seal sealbetween between the the dowel dowel 58 and the 58 and the sideform sideform 20 20against against concrete concrete ingress. ingress. 55 Features: 2019264630

Features:

• Corrosion-free articulating dowel Corrosion-free articulating dowelsystem system which which allows allows for deflection for deflection control control on on

light duty concrete pavements when joint articulates due to tree roots or reactive soil. light duty concrete pavements when joint articulates due to tree roots or reactive soil.

• Allows up toto 50mm Allows up 50mm of simultaneous of simultaneous verticallift vertical lift on onslabs slabs while while maintaining maintaining 10 deflection 10 deflection control, control, load load transfer,lateral transfer, lateral dowel movement dowel movement andand expansion expansion capabilities. capabilities.

• CAM CAM component component of dowel of dowel allowsallows dowel dowel rotation rotation while carrying while carrying load horizontally load horizontally

across joint. across joint.

• Fastener-less pivoting Fastener-less pivoting clip clip on on function function of ofsystem system to toextruded extruded formwork. formwork.

• Resists sleeve Resists sleeve pull pull down down by bracing by bracing itself itself above above sleevesleeve bodylocked body with with inlocked in 15 cantilevered 15 cantilevered ribs. ribs.

• Ribs belowthe Ribs below thesleeve sleeve brace brace sleeve sleeve in in compression. compression.

• Surrounds aroundthe Surrounds around theclips clips prevent preventsleeve sleeve dislodgement dislodgementfrom from toppivoting top pivotingpoint. point. • Incorporates 5mm Incorporates crushableinternal 5mm crushable internal lateral lateral movement movementvoids voidsandand a 10mm a 10mm

expansionvoid. expansion void. 20 20 • Centring ribs Centring ribs protrude protrude into into the the slot sloton onformwork preventinglateral formwork preventing lateral misalignment of misalignment of

the sleeve with the slot. the sleeve with the slot.

• Dowelisiskept Dowel kepthorizontal horizontal during duringconcrete concretepour pourbybycrushable crushablepositioning positioningribs ribslocated located internally in the sleeve. internally in the sleeve.

• System System is is sealed sealed offoff from from concrete concrete ingress ingress with with an an additional additional seal. seal. 25 25

Withreference With referencetotoFigures Figures13 13 to to 17,17, there there is shown is shown a formwork a formwork panel 76panel 76 for for forming forming adjacent concrete adjacent concrete bodies, bodies, wherein whereinthe the formwork formwork panel panel 76 76 is is adapted adapted to to bebe compressible compressible on on expansionofofthe expansion theconcrete concretebodies. bodies.TheThe concrete concrete bodies bodies may may be in be the in theofform form of adjacent adjacent

concrete panels of a footpath or the like. concrete panels of a footpath or the like.

30 30

Theformwork The formwork panel panel 76 76 may may be substantially be substantially planar planar to betoin bea in a plane plane substantially substantially

perpendicular toto aa travel perpendicular travel surface surface formed formedbyby upper upper surfaces surfaces of the of the concrete concrete bodies. bodies. For For example,asasshown example, shownin in Figure Figure 14,14, thethe concrete concrete bodies bodies 68 have 68 have upperupper surfaces surfaces 78 and78 and the the

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formworkpanel formwork panel7676 is issubstantially substantiallyperpendicular perpendiculartotoaatravel travel surface surface (e.g. (e.g. footpath) footpath) formed formed

by the by the upper uppersurfaces surfaces78. 78.TheThe planar planar nature nature of the of the formwork formwork panel panel 76 is 76 is in contrast in contrast to to existing formwork existing which formwork which has has a a cross-sectionalshape cross-sectional shapeininthe theform formofofananinverted invertedT. T.

5 5 Theformwork The formwork panel panel 76 be 76 may may be extruded extruded with a constant with a constant cross-sectional cross-sectional shape shape along its length such that the formwork panel 76 is able to be cut to length so as to suit a 2019264630

along its length such that the formwork panel 76 is able to be cut to length so as to suit a

particular application. The formwork panel 76 has at least one internal void 80 to facilitate particular application. The formwork panel 76 has at least one internal void 80 to facilitate

sacrificial compression sacrificial of the compression of the formwork panel7676onon formwork panel expansion expansion of the of the concrete concrete bodies bodies 68. 68.

Theformwork The formwork panel panel 76 76 hashas a pair a pair of of opposed opposed sideform sideform walls walls 82 connected 82 connected by atby at least least one one 10 sacrificialrib 10 sacrificial rib8484defining definingananinternal internal void void80 80between betweenthetheopposed opposed sideform sideform walls walls 82. 82. The The

formworkpanel formwork panel7676 hashas a pairofofopposed a pair opposed rails rails 8686 along along at at leastone least oneside sideofofthe theformwork formwork panel 76, panel 76, the the opposed rails 86 opposed rails 86 defining defining a a channel for slideable channel for slideable mounting of an mounting of an accessory accessory to to the formwork the panel formwork panel 76.76. The The channel channel enables enables the formwork the formwork panel panel 76 76connected to be to be connected to to another like another like formwork panel7676(see formwork panel (seeFigure Figure17) 17)bybyinserting insertingone oneend endofofa ajoiner joinerplate plate 88 88 in in 15 15 thethe channel channel of the of the formwork formwork panelpanel 76 an 76 and andopposite an opposite end end of ofjoiner the the joiner plate plate in the in the channel channel

of the of the like likeformwork panel 76. formwork panel 76.

Features: Features:

• Compressible extrudedsacrificial Compressible extruded sacrificial formwork formworkpanel panelandand capping. capping.

20 20 • Crushableupuptoto 10mm Crushable 10mm to to allow allow forfor thermal thermal expansion expansion at at joint. joint.

• Multi-functional utility Multi-functional utility channel channelwhich which allows allows for components for components to be to be attached attached continuouslyalong continuously alongthe the length. length. • Retains function Retains function as as an an expansion joint and expansion joint functionally of and functionally of components when components when cut. cut.

• Panels can be joined with joiner plate at an y point when cut. Panels can be joined with joiner plate at an y point when cut.

25 25 Theformwork The formwork panel panel 76 76 maymay alsoalso havehave an upper an upper capping capping 90,capping 90, the the capping 90 having 90 having

side side walls walls 92 andaa top 92 and top surface surface9494arranged arrangedtotobebelevel levelwith withthe theupper upper surfaces surfaces 78 78 of of thethe

concrete bodies concrete bodies 68, 68, as as shown inFigure shown in Figure18. 18.The The capping capping 90 90 maymay be adhered be adhered to a to a top top of of the the formworkpanel formwork panel7676asasshown shown in in Figures Figures 18 18 to to 21,21, or or may may be be resilientlyclipped resiliently clippedororslid slid on onto to 30 a top 30 a top portion portion of of thethe formwork formwork panel panel 76shown 76 as as shown in Figures in Figures 16 17. 16 and and 17.

Withreference With referenceto to Figures Figures 18 18to to 21 21 there there is is shown shown aa formwork formwork panel panel 76 76 forfor forming forming

adjacent concrete adjacent concrete bodies bodies 68, 68, the the formwork formwork panel panel having having a formwork a formwork panelpanel body body 96 and96 a and a

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formworkpanel formwork panel capping capping 90 arranged 90 arranged to betoselectively be selectively movedmoved from a from a coupled coupled condition condition

(see (see Figure Figure 18) 18) in in which the formwork which the formworkpanel panel capping capping 90 90 is is coupled coupled to to thethe formwork formwork panel panel

body9696totoform body forma surface a surface levelwith level with upper upper surfaces surfaces 78 the 78 of of the concrete concrete bodies bodies 68 aand 68 and a decoupledcondition decoupled condition(see (seeFigure Figure19) 19)ininwhich whichat at leastpart least partofofthe the formwork formwork panel panel capping capping

55 90 90 is is decoupledfrom decoupled fromthe theformwork formwork panelbody panel body 96 96 so so asastotoform forma awell well 98 98between betweenthe the concrete bodies bodies 68. 68. The Thewell well9898 maymay havehave a predetermined depthdepth being being the height of theof the 2019264630

concrete a predetermined the height

capping 90, less a thickness of a floor of the capping 90. capping 90, less a thickness of a floor of the capping 90.

Theformwork The formwork capping capping 90 90 maymay be formed be formed with with a frangible a frangible part part 100 100 whichwhich is torn is torn to to 10 10 move move the the formwork formwork panelpanel capping capping 90 the 90 from fromcoupled the coupled condition condition to thetodecoupled the decoupled condition. The condition. Thefrangible frangiblepart part 100 100may maybebelocated locatedbetween between an an upper upper portion portion of the of the capping capping

90 and 90 and aa lower lowerportion portionofof the the capping capping9090such suchthat thattearing tearingthe the frangible frangible part part 100 separates 100 separates

the upper the portion of upper portion of the the capping capping9090from fromthethelower lower portion portion of of thethe capping capping 90.90. Figure Figure 18 18 shows theupper shows the upperportion portionand andlower lowerportion portionofofthe thecapping capping9090 connected connected whereas whereas Figure Figure 19 19

15 15 shows shows thethe upper upper portionremoved portion removed from from thethe lowerportion. lower portion. The Thecapping capping9090may may include include

opposedarms opposed arms102102 extending extending laterally laterally outwardly outwardly from from opposite opposite sides sides of theof the capping capping 90 90 such that such that distal distalends ends of ofthe thearms arms 102 102 are are embedded embedded ininthe theconcrete concretebodies bodies68. 68.Each Each of of thethe

distal arms 102 may have an enlarged portion 104 to facilitate retainment in the concrete. distal arms 102 may have an enlarged portion 104 to facilitate retainment in the concrete.

20 20 Theopposed The opposedarms arms 102 102 maymay extend extend outwardly outwardly from from the lower the lower portion portion of capping of the the capping 90, and 90, the arms and the arms 102 102 may maybebeable abletotobebestretched stretched toto accommodate accommodate relativeoutward relative outward movement/retraction movement/retraction ofofthe theconcrete concretebodies bodies(see (seeFigure Figure21). 21).Advantageously, Advantageously, by virtue by virtue of of

the opposed the opposedarms arms102102 being being ableable to stretch to stretch in this in this way, way, theythey stretch stretch withwith joint joint opening opening

covering the covering the gap gappreventing preventing epoxies epoxies fromfrom running running down down the the gap joint joint andgap and asacting acting a as a 25 debris 25 debris andand weedweed deterrent. deterrent.

Features: Features:

• Flexible permanent/removable Flexible capping. permanent/removable capping.

• Option11 to Option to remain remainpermanently permanentlywith withjoint. joint. 30 30 • Option Option 22to to be beripped rippedoff offjoint joint (once (once poured) poured)atattear tear points points to to allow allow scrabbling scrabblingofof joint and to create a welled rebate for use of joint sealants. joint and to create a welled rebate for use of joint sealants.

• Wings on side anchor into concrete (either side). Wings on side anchor into concrete (either side).

• Ribs stretch Ribs stretch with joint opening with joint coveringthe opening covering thegap gappreventing preventingepoxies epoxies from from running running

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downjoint down joint gap gapand andact act as as aa debris debris and and weed deterrent. weed deterrent.

Turningtoto Figures Turning Figures2222toto28, 28,there thereisis shown showna aconcrete concretefootpath footpath formwork formwork system system

22, including 22, a formwork including a panel7676forforforming formwork panel forming adjacent adjacent concrete concrete panels panels of of a footpath,andand a footpath,

5 a support 5 a support bracket bracket 106supporting 106 for for supporting the system the system 22 relative 22 relative to a surface. to a ground ground surface. The The formworkpanel panel 76 76 hashas a pair of of verticallyopposed opposed longitudinal rails86,86,and and thesupport support 2019264630

formwork a pair vertically longitudinal rails the

bracket 106 bracket 106has hasananengagement engagement formation formation 108 has 108 which which has an unlocked an unlocked orientation orientation (see (see Figure 23) Figure 23) for for inserting inserting the the formation formation108 108between between thethe opposed opposed rails rails to abut to abut against against the the

formworkpanel formwork panel7676 and and a rotated,locked a rotated, lockedorientation orientation(see (seeFigure Figure24) 24)wherein whereinthetheformation formation 10 10 108108 is locked is locked by by the the rails8686against rails againstlateral lateral withdrawal withdrawalfrom fromthetheformwork formwork panel panel 76. 76.

The formation The formation 108 108isis unlocked unlockedfrom fromthe theopposed opposedrails rails 8686bybyrotation rotation ofof the the formation 108 formation 108about about a lateral a lateral axis axis of the of the system system from from the the orientation locked locked orientation to the to the unlockedorientation. unlocked orientation. 15 15

Thebracket The bracket106 106isis supported supportedrelative relative to to the the ground surface by ground surface byaastake stake 110 110and andthe thebracket bracket 106 has an 106 has an aperture aperture 112 112 (see (see Figure Figure 28) 28) for for receiving receiving the the stake. Thestake stake. The stake is is threaded (see threaded (see

Figure 22) Figure 22)and andhas hasopposed opposed faces faces 114,114, the bracket the bracket 106 being 106 being formed formed with rotationally with rotationally

spaced engagement spaced engagement portions portions suchsuch that that the the stake stake 110able 110 is is to ablebe tofreely be freely slid along slid along its its 20 longitudinal 20 longitudinal axisaxis through through the the bracket bracket 106locked 106 and and locked by rotating by rotating the 110 the stake stake 110its about about its longitudinal axis relative to the bracket 106. longitudinal axis relative to the bracket 106.

As canbebeseen As can seenininFigure Figure28,28, thethe bracket bracket 106106 terminates terminates at aatlower a lower end end thereof thereof aboveabove a a lower edge lower edgeofofthe the formwork formwork panel panel 76.76. TheThe formwork formwork panel panel 76 is 76 is formed formed as a unitary as a unitary part part 25 and and 25 has has a pair a pair of opposed of opposed side walls side walls 82 formed 82 formed integrally integrally with at with leastatone least rib one 84, rib the 84, the opposedside opposed sidewalls walls8282defining defininga avoid void8080 therebetween. therebetween. In the In the example example shownshown in Figure in Figure

27, the 27, the formwork formworkpanel panel 76 76 has has six six suchsuch ribsribs 84, 84, comprising comprising two external two external ribsfour ribs and and four internal ribs. internal Thebracket ribs. The bracket106 106maymay itself itself be be formed formed as a as a unitary unitary part part andhave and may maya have a central rib 116 extending along the length of the bracket 106. central rib 116 extending along the length of the bracket 106.

30 30

Figures 29a Figures 29atoto29d 29dshow show a clip-on a clip-on footfoot 120 120 for supporting for supporting the formwork the formwork panel panel 76. In 76. In particular, there is provided a clip-on foot 120 having a portion 122a and 122b for clipping particular, there is provided a clip-on foot 120 having a portion 122a and 122b for clipping

on to on to aa bottom bottomtapered taperedrail rail of of the the formwork formworkpanel panel76.76.TheThe portion portion for for clipping clipping on the on to to the

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bottomtapered bottom taperedrail rail isis formed formedofoflong long upright upright support support 122a 122a and and a a short short upright upright support support

122b. Thelong 122b. The long upright upright support support 122a 122a has has a strengthening a strengthening bracebrace 124 extending 124 extending from the from the

long upright long upright support support 122a 122adownwardly downwardlyand and outwardly outwardly to be to be supported supported along along a a horizontal horizontal

foot portion of the clip-on foot 120. The horizontal foot portion also has a pair of opposed foot portion of the clip-on foot 120. The horizontal foot portion also has a pair of opposed

55 notches notches 126 126 for for soilsoil nailing nailing of of thethe formwork formwork profile profile using using pins. pins. Advantageously, Advantageously, the clip- the clip-

on foot 120 120enables enablesthe theformwork formwork profile to to be be freestanding, with multiple (for(for example 2019264630

on foot profile freestanding, with multiple example

three or three or four) four) clip-on clip-on feet feettotobebefitted along fitted a span along ofof a span thethe formwork. formwork. The clip-on foot The clip-on foot 120 120

enables the enables the formwork formwork totobebemoved movedto to a finalposition, a final position,with withthe thenotches notches126 126 being being used used forfor

pinning the formwork panel 76 in position directly in the soil. pinning the formwork panel 76 in position directly in the soil.

10 10

Features: Features:

• Formwork Formwork bracing bracing andand height height adjustment adjustment system. system.

15 15 • Attachedtoto any Attached anypoint pointofofthe theformwork formwork panel panel utilitychannel utility channel with with a twist a twist andand lock lock

CAMbase. CAM base. • Inserted and turned 45 degrees to lock. Inserted and turned 45 degrees to lock.

• Fastener-less attachment process is quick and intuitive. Fastener-less attachment process is quick and intuitive.

• Central rib-based shape Central rib-based providesadditional shape provides additional anchorage anchorageofofthe thejoint joint in in one one slab slab (pour (pour

20 through). 20 through). • Removable Removable and and reusable reusable before before second second pour pour (stop (stop pour). pour).

• Twist and lock stake lock off. Twist and lock stake lock off.

System Features System Features Overview: Overview: 25 25 • Application: Concrete Application: ConcretePavements Pavements (Footpaths, (Footpaths, Bikeways) Bikeways) for pedestrian for pedestrian and and light light vehicular trafficininurban vehicular traffic urban residential residential areas, areas, parklands, parklands, commercial commercial (retail)(retail) publicand public spaces spaces and civil infrastructure. civil infrastructure.

• Thesystem The systemhas hasbeen been designed designed to satisfy to satisfy thethe requirements requirements of Australian of Australian Standard: Standard:

AS3727.1:2016 AS 3727.1:2016 ResidentialPavements Residential Pavements 30 30 • A modular A modularsolution, solution,with withthe thecapability capabilitytotocast cast aa range rangeofofslab slab thicknesses thicknesses75mm, 75mm, 100mm, 125mm 100mm, 125mm & 150mm. & 150mm. Modular Modular sections sections are are joinable joinable to to castpavements cast pavementsupuptoto(and (and greater than)4m4m greater than) in in width. width.

• A self-supporting design, A self-supporting design, that that is is economical to freight, economical to freight, and is easily and is easily assembled on assembled on

18 -- 01 Jul 2025 2019264630 01 Jul 2025

site. site.

• The solution The solutionmust mustbebenon-corrosive non-corrosive forfor useuse in bayside in bayside applications applications or decorative or decorative

pavement streetscapes. pavement streetscapes.

• Must provide Must provide for for thermal thermal expansion expansion and and contraction contraction to to aa maximum maximumjoint jointgap gap 55 thicknessofof10mm. thickness 10mm. • 2019264630

A joint system A joint whichminimises system which minimises theimpact the impact of of pavement pavement slabslab heaving heaving caused caused by (1) by (1)

Tree Roots or (2) Reactive Soil. Tree Roots or (2) Reactive Soil.

• A jointsystem A joint system that that controls controls deflection deflection underunder the conditions the conditions slab caused slab heaving heavingby:caused by:

(1) (1) Tree Roots Tree Roots or or (2)(2) Reactive Reactive Soil Soil

10

- 19-- 01 Jul 2025 2019264630 01 Jul 2025

Whilevarious While variousembodiments embodiments of the of the present present invention invention have have beenbeen described described above, above, it should it should

be understood be understoodthat that they theyhave havebeen beenpresented presented by by wayway of example of example only,only, andbynot and not waybyofway of limitation. It will be apparent to a person skilled in the relevant art that various changes in limitation. It will be apparent to a person skilled in the relevant art that various changes in

form and form anddetail detailcan canbebemade made therein therein without without departing departing from from the spirit the spirit and scope and scope of theof the 55 invention. invention. Thus, Thus, the the present present invention invention should should not not be limited be limited by any by any of the of the above above described described

exemplary embodiments. 2019264630

exemplary embodiments.

The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it),

or to or to any any matter matter which is known, which is known,isis not, not, and and should shouldnot notbe betaken takenasas an an acknowledgment acknowledgmentor or 10 admission 10 admission or form or any any form of suggestion of suggestion thatprior that that that publication prior publication (or information (or information derivedderived

from it) from it) or or known knownmatter matter forms forms partpart of the of the common common generalgeneral knowledge knowledge in the in the field of field of endeavour to which this specification relates. endeavour to which this specification relates.

Throughoutthis Throughout thisspecification specificationand andthethe claims claims which which follow, follow, unless unless the context the context requires requires

15 otherwise, 15 otherwise, thethe word word "comprise", "comprise", and variations and variations suchsuch as "comprises" as "comprises" and "comprising", and "comprising", will will

be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps

but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps. but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

20 -- 01 Jul 2025 2019264630 01 Jul 2025

THE CLAIMS THE DEFINING THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION INVENTION ARE ARE AS AS FOLLOWS: FOLLOWS:

1. 1. A formwork A formworkpanel panelfor forforming formingadjacent adjacentconcrete concretebodies, bodies, the the formwork formworkpanel panel having aa formwork having formwork panel panel body body and and a formwork a formwork panel capping panel capping arrangedarranged to be selectively to be selectively

55 moved moved from from a coupled a coupled condition condition in the in which which the formwork formwork paneliscapping panel capping coupled is tocoupled the to the formworkpanel formwork panel body body to form to form a surface a surface level level withwith upper upper surfaces surfaces of concrete of the the concrete bodies bodies 2019264630

and and aa decoupled decoupled condition condition in in which which atat least least part part of of the the formwork panel capping formwork panel capping is is decoupledfrom decoupled fromthe theformwork formwork panel panel body body so to so as as to form form a well a well between between the the concrete concrete bodies, bodies,

whereinthe wherein thecapping cappingincludes includesopposed opposed armsarms extending extending laterally laterally outwardly outwardly from opposite from opposite

10 sides 10 sides of of thethe capping capping forfor embedding embedding distal distal endsends of the of the armsarms in the in the concrete concrete bodies bodies suchsuch thatthat

the arms the are able arms are able to to be be stretched stretched to to accommodate relativeoutward accommodate relative outwardmovement/retraction movement/retraction of of the concrete bodies. the concrete bodies.

2. 2. A formwork A formwork panel panel as claimed as claimed in claim in claim 1, wherein 1, wherein the has the well wella predetermined has a predetermined 15 depth. 15 depth.

3. 3. A formwork A formwork panel panel as as claimed claimed in in claim claim 1 or 1 or claim claim 2, 2, wherein wherein thethe formwork formwork capping capping

is formed is with aa frangible formed with frangible part part which is torn which is torn to tomove move the the formwork panelcapping formwork panel cappingfrom from thethe

coupledcondition coupled conditionto to the the decoupled condition. decoupled condition.

20 20 4. 4. A formwork A formwork panel panel as claimed as claimed in claim in claim 3, wherein 3, wherein the frangible the frangible part ispart is located located

betweenananupper between upper portion portion of of thethe capping capping and and a a lower lower portion portion of theof the capping capping such such that that tearing the frangible part separates the upper portion of the capping from the lower portion tearing the frangible part separates the upper portion of the capping from the lower portion

of the capping. of the capping.

25 25

5. 5. A formwork A formworkpanel panelasasclaimed claimedin inclaim claim 4, 4, wherein wherein thethe opposed opposed armsarms extend extend

outwardlyfrom outwardly fromthe thelower lowerportion portionofofthe the capping. capping.

6. 6. A formwork A formwork panel panel as as claimed claimed in in any any oneone of of claims claims 1 to5,5,wherein 1 to wherein each each of of thedistal the distal 30 30 endsends has has an enlarged an enlarged portion portion to facilitateretainment to facilitate retainmentininthe theconcrete. concrete.

1/16 1/16 10 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

10

18 18 2019264630

FIG. 1 FIG. 1 10 10

10000

...... 10000000

...... ....

00000

18 18

FIG. FIG. 2 2 10 10

18 18

FIG. FIG. 3

2/16 2/16 10 10 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019 2019264630

18 18

FIG. FIG. 3a 3a 10 10

18 18

FIG. FIG. 3b 3b 10 10

18 18

FIG. FIG. 3c 3c

3/16 3/16 14 Nov 2019 14 Nov 2019

10 10

18 18 @@@@@@@@ .0000000 D 1000000 ,000 @@@@ 100000 .000000 2019264630

2019264630

100000' 100000' " 16 16

100000'

16

FIG. FIG. 4 4 10 10

14 14 14 14

12 12 12 12

18 18 18 18

14 D 0 14 14

0- 14

FIG. FIG. 5

4/16 4/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

22 22

20 20 2019264630

10 18 18 24 24

26 26

FIG. FIG. 6 6

20 20

40 40 30 30

34 34

28 28 10 10 32 32

46 46 36 36

FIG. FIG. 7

5/16 5/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

38 38 28 28

84 84 2019264630

54 54 48 48 50 50

44 44

52 52 48 48 42 42 54 54

44 44

FIG. FIG. 8 8

58 58 62 60 62 60

I / IS D 4 4 5 2 D 4 I 4 56 56 4 4 4 D 1 D 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 D D

4 4 D 4 4 4 4 D 4 4

4 A 4 4 4 A 4 S A

FIG. FIG. 9

6/16 6/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

56 56

70 70

72 2019264630

72

74 74

58 58 60 60 20 20

FIG. FIG. 10 10

56 56

68 68 68 68

D D 62 62 V. 60D 60 D D D D D D 58 58 D

D D D 4 D 8 D I D D

D D 4 D D D D

A 4 4 : D S D

FIG. FIG. 11

7/16 7/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

20 20 2019264630

58 58

60 60

66 66 62 62 64 64

FIG. FIG. 12 12

90 90 106 106

1

88 88

110 110

76 76

FIG. FIG. 13

8/16 8/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

78 78 78 78

" 4 4

I I 4 4 4 80 80 4 4 2019264630

I 4 I I 4

I 4 68 68 4 4 68 68 4 4 I 4

4 III 4 DD 4 I I

1 4 4 4 1 4 I 4 4 4 A 4 /

FIG. FIG. 14 14

90 90

88 88

76 76

76 76

FIG. FIG. 15

9/16 9/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

90 90 2019264630

86 86

84 84 80 80 82 82

86 86

FIG. FIG. 16 16 90 90

A 90 90

88 88

ATE

76 76

76 76

FIG. FIG. 17

10/16 10/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

90 90 94 94 92 92 100 100 100 100 92 92

4 I4 4

4 I 4 2019264630

4 D 68 D 68 68 4 68

D 4 I 4 A D D 4

FIG. FIG. 18 18 104 102 104 102 102 104 102 104

4 4 D 98 98 I 4

4 4 D 4 4 D 96 96 4 D 4

A 4

I D 4

FIG. FIG. 19 19 104 104 104 104

4 4 D D 4 I 4 D 4 4 D 96 96 4 I 4 I 4 A I I 4

FIG. FIG. 20

11/16 11/16 14 Nov 2019

2019

2019264630 14 Nov

102 102 90 90 102 102

4 4 2019264630

I 4 100 100

4 I

1 96 96

4 D

FIG. FIG. 21 21 22 22

76 76

114 114

H 86 86

108 108 106 106

86 86 AS

110 110

FIG. FIG. 22

12/16 12/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

86 86

76 76 2019264630

106 106

86 86

FIG. FIG. 23 23

86 86

76 76

106 106

86 86

FIG. FIG. 24

13/16 13/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019

76 76 2019264630

106 106

86 86

110 110

FIG. FIG. 25 25

76 76

106 106

86 86

110 110

106 106

110 110

FIG. FIG. 26

14/16 14/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019 2019264630

86 86

84 84

82 82

86 86

FIG. FIG. 27 27

106 106 112 112

76 76 108 108

116 116

FIG. FIG. 28

15/16 15/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019 2019264630

124 124

126 126

120 120 122a 122a

FIG. FIG. 2 9a 29a

IM 000

124 124

126 126

120 120 126 126 122b 122b

FIG. 9b FIG. 229b

16/16 16/16 14 Nov 2019 2019264630 14 Nov 2019 2019264630

122b 122b

126 126

126 126

120 120

FIG. 9c FIG. 229c

124 124

122a 122a

126 126

126 126

120 120

FIG. 9d FIG. 229d