MX2007016128A - Automatic device for the production of metal frameworks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic device for the production of metal frameworks. The inventive device first places an assembly of longitudinal metal bars (5) belonging to a framework in horizontal planes and subsequently positions stirrups (4) around said bars at pre-determined intervals. The invention essentially comprises an assembly of bridge structures (1) which are defined by pairs of telescopic posts (6) having end segments from which opposing pairs of horizontal telescopic arms (7) extend, said arms comprising ends segments (9) which support the longitudinal bars (5) of the framework in order subsequently to receive the corresponding stirrups. The stirrups (4) are first disposed on a table (3) which travels along guide rails (2) that are housed centrally between the legs (6) beneath the arms (7), such that as the table (3) advances it positions the stirrups (4) on the longitudinal bars (5) and subsequently solders same at the contact points with the different bars.

Description

AUTOMOTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURSES OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention, as expressed in the wording of this specification, refers to a device for the automatic manufacture of metal reinforcement, whose purpose is to be configured as a device that allow the automatic manufacture of metal reinforcements. It has a double mission, on the one hand is to properly position the metal bars that make up the reinforcements and secondly is the transport and positioning of the stirrups that define the reinforcements, joining these and those after welding. Thus, the equipment of the invention is intended to manufacture metal reinforcements that are used later in the construction, being applicable essentially to pillars and walls, for example. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Currently there are some equipment for the manufacture of metal reinforcements, some of which facilitate the welding operation of the stirrups to the bars, although the problem of the configuration of the bars with the stirrups is not solved for the correct manufacture of the reinforcements. There are also other equipment oriented to the manufacture of reinforcements, although in these cases the inventions are focused on two specific types of reinforcement, without developing a general purpose equipment such as the one proposed in the new invention. In general, none of the previous equipment is in use because they do not cover all the types of reinforcement existing in the market, apart from not having a correct operation. For this reason, the metal reinforced concrete is usually shaped manually by mounting the stirrups on the longitudinal bars and fixing them with great patience by means of wires. This manual work is excessively slow and expensive, since the stirrups must be distributed over the bars, so that they are interdistanced, with a separation that is determined by the manufacturing plans. In the same way there are automatic equipments that allow to place the bars that conform the armature to the corresponding separation, according to the manufacturing plans. However, these teams do not solve the problem of having to place the stirrups around the bars, nor their disposition inside the reinforcements. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the objectives and avoid the drawbacks mentioned in the previous sections, the invention proposes a device for the manufacture of metal reinforcements characterized in that it comprises an alignment of bridge structures, below which there is a pair of parallel guides where a table device carrying stirrups is guided to place them strategically around the longitudinal bars disposed in at least two heights, and then welded thereto. Each bridge structure is characterized because it comprises two vertical telescopic poles and two pairs of horizontal arms facing two to two, also with a telescopic arrangement, so that the longitudinal bars of the reinforcements will rest on the end sections of the arms at two different heights attending to the dimensions and the armor to be manufactured. The arms incorporate a height adjustment, essentially to vary the relative distance between each pair of arms according to the dimensions of the armor that it is desired to obtain, while said arms are connected in the upper end sections of the poles. The table device is characterized in that it comprises an upper platform that includes two vertical parallel plates associated by means of a regulating mechanism to vary the relative distance between them, in order to adapt them to the dimensions of the stirrups in terms of their width, which they locate precisely between that pair of plates, arranging one after the other until reaching the precise number to distribute them perimetrally around and along the two groups of bars arranged in parallel horizontal planes, distancing themselves from each other to a measure foreseen in advance. This distribution is made by advancing the table device driven in the guide rails as rails, so that as it progresses and makes intermittent stops where appropriate, it is depositing a stirrup in the precise place of the bars enveloping the same, so that once the mass device has covered the entire length of the bars, having placed all the stirrups, said stirrups will be joined to the bars by welding through the contact points. The table device is also characterized in that it incorporates two rear stops that serve to maintain the position of the stirrups. These rear stops are complemented by a thrust mechanism that presses evenly the group of stirrups against the aforementioned rear stops.

There is also a positioning mechanism that allows the stirrups to be placed at the intervals provided along the longitudinal bars.

The table device incorporates another adjustment mechanism to place the plates and bases bent in an inclined position when receiving the load of the stirrups. During the advancement of the table device and when it reaches each bridge structure, the telescopic arms of the same are collected in a folded position, so that the bars stop supporting for a time on that particular pair of arms, until said table completely exceeds the vertical plane of the respective bridge structure, then recovering again the active position deployed where the bars are again supported on the end sections of the arms. Said lower base further incorporates a characteristic first group of corresponding sensors with each bridge structure so that the arms fold each time the table device reaches each of said bridge structures. The lower base incorporates a second characteristic group of sensors located in the guides themselves to control at all times the exact position of the table, and thus place each stirrup in the desired positions and provided in advance along the longitudinal bars supported on the successive arms. Below, in order to facilitate a better understanding of this descriptive specification and forming an integral part thereof, some figures are attached in which the object of the invention has been represented with an illustrative and non-limiting character. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1.- Shows a perspective view of the automatic equipment for the manufacture of reinforcements, object of the invention. Figure 2.- Shows a profile view of the equipment of the invention. Figure 3. - Shows a perspective view of the application of the equipment of the invention. Figure 4.- Shows a view of a part of the equipment. It is basically one of the several telescopic vertical poles, from which a pair of horizontal arms also starts with telescopic regulation. Figure 5.- Shows a perspective view of a table device adjustable in height with several mechanisms. This device is intended to receive and facilitate the placement of stirrups along longitudinal bars previously arranged in horizontal planes that are part of the reinforcements. Figure 6.- Shows another perspective view of the table. Figure 7.- Shows a front view of the table. Figure 8 shows a view of a mechanism for driving the table along lower guide rails. Figure 9.- Shows a perspective view of the end sections of the telescopic arms incorporating gripping elements of the longitudinal bars. Figure 10.- Shows a perspective view of a relative regulation mechanism between the pairs of arms. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Considering the numbering adopted in the figures, the automatic equipment for the manufacture of reinforcements is determined from an alignment of bridge structures 1, below which a pair of parallel guide rails are centrally arranged. and continuous as grooved rails 2 where a table device 3 adjustable in height is driven. This table device 3 receives stirrups 4 to then strategically place them around two groups of longitudinal bars 5 placed in two different planes, and then weld said stirrups 4 to the bars 5 by their points of contact, all by means of an automatic process governed from a control cabinet 34.

The bridge structures 1 comprise a pair of vertical telescopic poles 6 with height adjustment and two pairs of horizontal telescopic arms 7 facing two to two, which start from the higher end sections 8 of the poles 6. The longitudinal rods 5 support on the end sections 9 of the arms 7 at two different heights according to the dimensions of the reinforcement to be manufactured. So that, first a group of bars 5 will be placed on the end sections 9 of the lowermost arms 7 keeping the upper arms 7 folded 7. Then the upper arms are arranged in an unfolded position to place the second group of bars 5 on the end sections 9 of the upper arms 7. These end sections 9 of the horizontal arms 7 incorporate retractable gripping hooks 10 for securing and correctly locating the bars 5 at the desired distance when they rest on said end sections 9. These gripping hooks 10 start from a elongated groove 11, so that the regulation can be carried out in distance of the hooks 10, either manually, or automatically. The grips by means of the respective hooks 10 can be made in different positions so that they are concealed or not so much to shrink the arms 7 as depending on the number of bars 5 that the armor will have. All gripping movements can be done manually or automatically. The arms 7 incorporate a height adjustment mechanism so as to be able to vary the relative distance between each pair of arms 7, taking into account the dimensions of the reinforcement to be obtained. This regulation mechanism basically consists of rails 12 located in the end sections 8 of the vertical posts 6, so that in said rails 12 are guided elements 13 coupled in a support 14 integral with each telescopic arm 7. The displacement vertical of the support 14 of each arm 7 is made by any suitable motor element. The table device 3 comprises in principle an upper platform 15 supported by two pairs of crossed legs 16 with the articulation 17 at their crossing points in order to be able to vary the height of the table according to the needs. To make this height adjustment possible, in the connection of the legs with the platform 15 on its lower side, parallel guides 18 are arranged which allow the upper ends of the legs 16 to slide until the table 3 reaches the desired height . On the other hand, the upper platform 15 of the table 3 incorporates two parallel plates 19 in vertical planes associated by a screw mechanism 20 arranged below the platform 15 to adjust the distance between them in order to adapt them to the dimensions of the stirrups 4, which are located precisely between that pair of plates 19, being placed one after the other in successive vertical planes until reaching the precise number to distribute them perimetrally around and along the two groups of bars 5, distancing one another from each other. measure planned in advance. This distribution is carried out by advancing the table device 3 driven in the parallel guide rails as rails 2, so that as it advances, and making intermittent stops where appropriate, it is depositing a stirrup 4 in the precise place of the bars 5 wrapping the same, so that once the table device 3 has covered the entire length of the bars 5, having placed all the stirrups 4 will proceed to join the stirrups 4 to the bars 5 by welding the points of contact of these with respect to the stirrups 4. The parallel plates 19 have bent bases 21. The displacement of the table assembly 3 is carried out by means of a drive mechanism consisting basically of a chain 22 associated with rollers 23 engaged in the guide grooves 2, where wheels 24 of the table 3 are also fitted, which receive the thrust of the rollers 23 when the drive mechanism acts stre to move the table 3. The guiding grooves 2 incorporate side grooves 25 where intermediate sections of the rollers 23 are adjusted, which are connected with the chain 22 from the outside of the guiding grooves 2. The device of table 3 incorporates two rear stops 26 which start perpendicularly from the bent bases 21 and serve to maintain the position of the stirrups 4. These rear bumpers 26 are complemented by a pushing mechanism 27 which presses uniformly the group of stirrups 4 against said back stops 26. There is also a positioning mechanism 28 which allows the stirrups 4 to be located at the intervals provided along the longitudinal bars 5. The table device 3 incorporates another adjustment mechanism for positioning the plates 19. and angled bases 21 in an inclined position when receiving the load of the stirrups 4 from a raised area above that upper platform 15 and parallel plates. For this, the two sets of plates 19 and bent bases 21 articulate by means of a rear hinge 29 on the platform 15 of the table 3. The placement of the abutments 4 between the parallel plates 19 of the upper platform 15 can be carried out manually and also automatically . The positioning mechanism 28 is associated with the front part of these two parallel plates 19, being then located adjacent to the loading area to allow and then facilitate the positioning of the stirrups 4 along the longitudinal bars 5. During the advancement of the table device 3 and when it reaches each bridge structure 1, the arms telescopes 7 thereof are collected by being placed in a folded position, so that the bars 5 cease to rest for a time on that particular pair of arms 7, until said table 3 completely overcomes the vertical plane of the respective bridge structure 1 , then recovering again the active position deployed where the bars 5 are again supported on the end sections of said arms 7.

The guide rails 2 are arranged on a lower base 30 which also incorporates two connection element alignments 31 of the vertical posts 6. Said lower base 30 further incorporates a characteristic first group of sensors 32 corresponding to each bridge structure 1 so that it is folding the arms 7 each time the table device 3 reaches each of said bridge structures 1. These sensors 32 are located specifically between the guides as rails 2. The lower base 30 incorporates a second characteristic group of sensors 33 located in the guides 2 to control at all times the exact position of the table 3, and thus place each stirrup 4 in the desired position and provided in advance along the longitudinal bars 5 supported on the successive arms 7. Manufacturing of the armor is a fully automatic process of great precision and good operation governed from the control cabinet 34 arranged for example in an area of the lower base 30, as shown in the figures.

Claims (10)

1. CLAIMS 1.- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMOR.
2. METALLIC, intended to join groups of longitudinal bars by a succession of abutments by their contact points comprising an alignment of bridge structures (1) comprising pairs of vertical posts and at least pairs of horizontal arms facing two to two, arranged in the end sections of the horizontal arms longitudinal bars (5) that are part of a frame, characterized in that the pairs of vertical posts (6) and the pairs of horizontal arms (7) are telescopic, folding the pairs of respective arms (7) to allow the passage of the table device (3), then unfolding once the bridge structure (1) is saved, the pairs of telescopic horizontal arms (7) are faced two by two and start from the end sections of the vertical posts ( 6), a middle part of the alignment of bridge structures (1) comprises a table device (3) carrying a succession of stirrups (4), interior to the bridge structures, which are guided and guided automatically on guide rails (2) located in a lower plane at ground level and which run centrally below the bridge structures (1); all this in order that during the advance of the table device (3), it makes intermittent stops to place respective stirrups on the group of longitudinal bars (5) perimetrally around them. 2. AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a first group of sensors (32) at the height of each bridge structure (1), group of sensors (32) that make it fold the pairs of respective arms (7) to allow the passage of the table device (3), then unfolding once the bridge structure (1) is saved.
3. 3. AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it incorporates a second group of sensors (33) located essentially in a part of the guide rails 2, sensors which are intended to place and deposit the stirrups strategically along the bars (5) as the table device (3) advances along said guide rails (2).
4. 4. AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arms (7) incorporate a height adjustment mechanism that is determined from rails (12) located in the end sections (8) of the poles (6), while in said rails (12) guiding elements (13) are coupled coupled on supports (14) integral with the telescopic arms (7), being able to move them towards up and down through motor elements.
5. 5. - AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end sections (9) of the telescopic arms (7) where they support the longitudinal bars (5) of the corresponding reinforcement, incorporate said sections (9) retractable hooks (10) for gripping the longitudinal bars (5), hooks that also serve as alignment elements of the bars (5); pulling said hooks (10) out of elongated grooves (11).
6. 6.- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMOR METALLIC, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it incorporates a mechanism for driving the table device (3) by means of rollers. (23) which are anchored by a chain (22) that performs the entire route of the guide rails (2), pushing the rollers (23) on wheels (24) of the table device that are located inside the guide rails .
7. 7. - AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the table device (3) is adjustable in height and comprises two pairs of crossed legs (16) articulated by their crossing points (17), legs whose lower ends end in the wheels (24) of the table device , wheels located in the guide rails (2), while the upper ends are fitted and lead in a pair of parallel guides (18) of an upper platform (15).
8. 8.- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to claim 7, characterized in that the upper platform (15) of the table device (3) incorporates above it, a stirrup support (4) coupled articulately by its back part by means of a hinged one (29), being adjustable its width taking into account the width of the stirrups (4), at the same time that it can also be placed with different inclinations; the support including rear stops (26), a pushing mechanism (27) that presses on the stirrups against the stops (26) and a positioning mechanism (28) that allows the stirrups to be placed at scheduled intervals as required. length of the longitudinal bars (5) wrapping them.
9. 9. - AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to claim 8, characterized in that the support of the stirrups (4) comprises two parallel plates (19) with bent lower bases (21) associated with a screw mechanism for vary the width of the plates (19) of the support according to the dimensions of said stirrups (4).
10. 10. - AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ARMOURS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it includes a lower base (30) where the first group of sensors (32) corresponding to the bridge structures (1) is located, as well as the guide rails (2), said base (30) also including two alignments of connection elements (31) of the telescopic poles.