Tasmaniya

Tasmaniya Australia

Tasmania (/ tæzmeɪniə /; [11] waxaa loo soo gaabiyaa Foor iyo tan loo yaqaano sida Tassie) waa jasiiradda Australia. Waxay ku taalaa 240 km (150m) koonfurta koonfurta Australiya, oo ay kala soocaan Bass Strait. Gobolka ayaa ka kooban jasiiradda ugu weyn ee Tasmania, jasiiradda 26aad ee ugu weyn dunida, iyo jasiiradaha ku xeeran 334. Gobolka wuxuu leeyahay qiyaastii 519,100 [13] ilaa June 2016, oo kaliya boqolkiiba afartan oo ka mid ah degaanka weyn ee Hobart, kaas oo ka kooban aagga caasimadda caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu weyn, Hobart.

Aagga Tasmania waa 68,401 km2 (26,410 sq m), oo ah jasiiradda ugu weyn ee daboolaysa 64,519 km2 (24,911 sq mi). [14] Waxaa loo dallacaa sida gobolka dabiiciga ah, iyo meelaha la ilaaliyo ee Tasmania waxay daboosho illaa 42% dhulkeeda, taas oo ay ku jiraan beeraha qaranka iyo Meelaha Dhaxalka Dunida. [15] Tasmania wuxuu ahaa meesha aasaasiga ah ee ugu horeysa ee deegaanka deegaanka ee adduunka. [16]

Sababtoo ah caqabad maamul oo ay sabab u tahay khaladaad hore oo khariidad ah, gobolka Tasmania wuxuu la wadaagaa xuduudda dhulka ah ee gobolka Victoria. Qeybtan 85-mitir ah waxay ku dhufatay Boundary Islet, dabiiciga dabiiciga ah ee Bass Strait, oo ka soocaya dhulka waqooyiga ee ay xukumaan Tasmania oo ka yimid dhulka koonfureed ee ay xukumaan Fiktooriya. Beeraha Bishop iyo Karraaniga, oo ku yaal qiyaastii 37 kiilan koonfur jasiiradda Macquarie, waa gobollada ugu sarreeya ee gobolka Tasmania, iyo dhulka koonfurta ee caalamiga ah ee aqoonsan Australia. Qiyaastii 2,500 kiiloomitir koonfur oo jasiiradda Tasmania ah ayaa ku taal Antarctica, oo ka dhow dhulalka waqooyiga Australia.

Jasiiradda ayaa la rumeeysan yahay in ay dadka degaanku ku nool yihiin 30,000 oo sano kahor inta aysan xidhnayn Ingiriisi ah [17]. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay Aboriginal Tasmanians in ay ka soo jeedaan kooxaha Aborijiniska ee ku yaala gudaha 10,000 oo sano ka hor markii ay baddu kacday si ay u dhisto Bass Strait. [18] Dadka Aborijiniska ah waxaa lagu qiyaasay in ay ahaayeen inta u dhexeeysa 3,000 iyo 7,000 wakhtigii colonization, laakiin lagu dhawaqay 30-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay iyagoo isku dhafan iskahorimaad rabshado ah oo lala galey dadka degaanka loo yaqaan "Black War", iskudhac dhexdhexaad ah, iyo goor dambe 1820naad, faafinta cudurrada faafa ee aan lahayn wax difaac ah. Iskahorimaadka, oo ka sarreeyey 1825 iyo 1831 oo uu keenay in ka badan seddex sano oo sharciga sharciga ah, ayaa ku kacaya nolosha qiyaastii 1100 Aborijinaal iyo degganaayeen. Dhimashada dhow ee dadka Aborijiniska ee Tasmania waxaa lagu sharraxay taariikhyahanada qaar sida ficillada xasuuqa ah ee Ingiriiska.

Jasiiradda waxaa si rasmi ah u degay dadka reer Europe 1803 iyagoo ah xukunka ciqaabta ah ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska si looga hortago sheegashada dhulka ee Boqortooyada Faransiiska ee ugu horreysay intii lagu jiray dagaalkii Napoleon; qiyaastii 75,000 oo qof oo garsoore ah ayaa loo diray dhulalka Van Diemen ka hor intaysan gaadiidka joojin 1853. [19] Jasiiradda ayaa markii hore ahayd qayb ka mid ah Colony of New South Wales, laakiin waxay noqotay xarun gaar ah, oo magaceeda la yiraahdo Van Diemen Land (oo lagu magacaabo Anthony van Diemen 1825). [20] Sanadkii 1854 Dastuurka hadda ee Tasmania ayaa la ansixiyay, sanadka soo socda waxaa loo ogolaaday in magaciisa loo bedelo Tasmania. Sannadkii 1901 waxay noqotay waddan iyada oo loo marayo nidaamka federaalka Australia.

• https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-02-17/tas-netball-tasmania-push-for-super-netball-licence/13164342
• https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/02/210216092853.htm
• https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/26/world/australia/tasmania-beached-whales.html

• Australia
• Badweynta Baasifiga