هيٽي

Republic of Haiti République d'Haïti (French) Repiblik d Ayiti (Haitian Creole)[1]
جھنڊو نِسبتي نشان
شُعار: ' "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" (فرانسيسي)[2] "Libète, Egalite, Fratènite" (Haitian Creole) "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" Motto on traditional coat of arms: "L'union fait la force" (فرانسيسي) "Inite se fòs" (Haitian Creole)[3] "Union makes strength"
ترانو: La Dessalinienne (فرانسيسي) Desalinyèn (Haitian Creole) "The Dessalines Song"
Location in the Western Hemisphere Haiti and its neighbors
گادي جو هنڌ	Port-au-Prince 18°32′N 72°20′W / 18.533°N 72.333°W / 18.533; -72.333
سڀ کان وڏو شهر	Port-au-Prince
دفتري ٻوليون	French Haitian Creole
نسلي گروھ	95% Black 5% Mixed or White[4]
مذهب (2020)	87.0% Christianity 10.7% no religion 2.1% folk religions 0.2% others
مقامي آبادي	Haitian
حڪومت	Unitary semi-presidential republic under an interim government
• Transitional Presidential Council	Edgard Leblanc Fils (Chairman) Fritz Jean Laurent St Cyr Emmanuel Vertilaire Smith Augustin Leslie Voltaire Louis Gérald Gilles
• Prime Minister	Garry Conille (acting)
مقننه	National Assembly[lower-alpha 1]
• مٿيون ایوان	Senate[lower-alpha 1] (vacant)
• ھيٺيون ایوان	Chamber of Deputies[lower-alpha 1] (vacant)
Independence from France
• Independence declared	1 January 1804
• Independence recognized	17 April 1825
• First Empire	22 September 1804
• Southern Republic	9 March 1806
• Northern State	17 October 1806
• Kingdom	28 March 1811
• Unification of Hispaniola	9 February 1822
• Dissolution	27 February 1844
• Second Empire	26 August 1849
• Republic	15 January 1859
• United States occupation	28 July 1915 – 1 August 1934
• Independence from the United States	15 August 1934
• Current constitution	29 March 1987
پکيڙ
• جملي	[اوزا تبديل: invalid number] (143rd)
• پاڻي (%)	0.7
آبادي
• 2023 اندازو	11,470,261[6] (83rd)
•  گھاٽائي	382 /km2 (989.4 /sq mi) (32nd)
جِي ڊي پي (مساوي قوت خريد )	2023 لڳ ڀڳ
• ڪل	$38.952 billion[7] (144th)
• في سيڪڙو	$3,185[7] (174th)
جِي. ڊي. پي  (رڳو نالي ۾ )	2023 لڳ ڀڳ
• ڪل	$25.986 billion[7] (139th)

هيٽي (Haiti) ڪيريبين ٻيٽن ۾ هڪ ننڍڙو ملڪ آهي. هي بنيادي طور تي هسپانيولا ٻيٽ تي مشتمل آهي هن جزیري تي ٻيو ملڪ ڊومينيڪن جمهوريہ آهي. فرانسيسي ۽ ڪريول هيٽي جون سرڪاري ٻوليون آهن. هن جو گادي جو هنڌ پورٽ او پرنس آهي.

Haiti,^{[lower-alpha 2]} officially the Republic of Haiti,^{[lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 4]} is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island, which it shares with the Dominican Republic.^[17][18] Haiti is the third largest country in the Caribbean, and with an estimated population of 11.4 million, is the most populous Caribbean country.^[19] The capital and largest city is Port-au-Prince.

The island was originally inhabited by the Taíno people.^[20] The first Europeans arrived in December 1492 during the first voyage of Christopher Columbus,^[21] establishing the first European settlement in the Americas, La Navidad, on what is now the northeastern coast of Haiti.^{[22][23][24][25]} The island formed part of the Spanish Empire until 1697, when the western portion was ceded to France and subsequently renamed Saint-Domingue. French colonists established sugarcane plantations, worked by slaves brought from Africa, which made the colony one of the world's richest.^{[حوالو گهربل]}

In the midst of the French Revolution, enslaved persons, maroons, and free people of color launched the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804), led by a former slave and general of the French Army, Toussaint Louverture. Napoleon's forces were defeated by Louverture's successor, Jean-Jacques Dessalines (later Emperor Jacques I), who declared Haiti's sovereignty on 1 January 1804, leading to a massacre of the French. Haiti became the first independent nation in the Caribbean, the second republic in the Americas, the first country in the Americas to officially abolish slavery, and the only country in history established by a slave revolt.^[26][27][28]

The first century of independence was characterized by political instability, international isolation, crippling debt payments to France, and a costly war with neighboring Dominican Republic. Political volatility and foreign economic influence prompted a U.S. occupation from 1915 to 1934.^[29] A series of unstable presidencies gave way to nearly three decades of dictatorship under the Duvalier family (1957–1986), which brought state-sanctioned violence, corruption, and economic stagnation. Following a coup d'état in 2004, the United Nations intervened to stabilize the country. In 2010, Haiti suffered a catastrophic earthquake, followed by a deadly cholera outbreak. With its deteriorating economic situation,^[30] the country has experienced a socioeconomic and political crisis marked by riots and protests, widespread hunger, and increased gang activity.^[31] As of May 2024, Haiti has no remaining elected government officials and has been described as a failed state.^[32][33]

Haiti is a founding member of the United Nations, Organization of American States (OAS),^[34] Association of Caribbean States,^[35] and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. In addition to CARICOM, it is a member of the International Monetary Fund,^[36] World Trade Organization,^[37] and Community of Latin American and Caribbean States. Historically poor and politically unstable, Haiti has the lowest Human Development Index in the Americas.^[38]

حوالي جي چڪ: "lower-alpha" نالي جي حوالن جي لاءِ ٽيگ <ref> آهن، پر لاڳاپيل ٽيگ <references group="lower-alpha"/> نہ مليو