ZA200107959B - Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage. - Google Patents
Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200107959B ZA200107959B ZA200107959A ZA200107959A ZA200107959B ZA 200107959 B ZA200107959 B ZA 200107959B ZA 200107959 A ZA200107959 A ZA 200107959A ZA 200107959 A ZA200107959 A ZA 200107959A ZA 200107959 B ZA200107959 B ZA 200107959B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- group
- water
- monomers
- acrylamide
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 159
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 58
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 hydroxypropyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010909 process residue Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 28
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 12
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 7
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 7
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 7
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 7
- 125000002348 vinylic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 7
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 208000014797 chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LTMQZVLXCLQPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,6-trimethyltetralin Chemical compound C1CCC(C)(C)C=2C1=CC(C)=CC=2 LTMQZVLXCLQPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QHVBLSNVXDSMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C QHVBLSNVXDSMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWAPMFBHEQZLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methylidenepentanamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCC(=C)C(N)=O ZWAPMFBHEQZLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLCAEMBIQVZWIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(dimethylamino)-2-methylhex-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCC=C(C)C(N)=O FLCAEMBIQVZWIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical class [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003118 cationic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OACQUWIVILAUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical class CC(=C)C(=O)OCCC(C)(C)O OACQUWIVILAUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAQIDXQPJNLPSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical class CC(C)(O)CCOC(=O)C=C BAQIDXQPJNLPSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFTGIKFKYUNASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobut-2-ene;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CNC.ClCC=CCCl GFTGIKFKYUNASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFPLNIBCLGFBKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate;methyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.C[NH+](C)CCOC(=O)C=C RFPLNIBCLGFBKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMYCJCOPYOPWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(1-amino-1-imino-2-methylpropan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2-methylpropanimidamide;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.NC(=N)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(N)=N QMYCJCOPYOPWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N [(1r,2s,4r,5r)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)O[C@H]1C(O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O2 NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRGNIRIWTPPPCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxypropyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)C(O)CCOC(=O)C=C NRGNIRIWTPPPCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical class [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMLARDSXTXZVQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylmethanamine;ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;methyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CN(C)C.COS(O)(=O)=O.CCOC(=O)C(C)=C PMLARDSXTXZVQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNLHOYZHPQDOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical class CCN(CC)CCCNC(=O)C(C)=C VNLHOYZHPQDOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFOCCLOYMMHTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]prop-2-enamide Chemical class CCN(CC)CCCNC(=O)C=C GFOCCLOYMMHTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002577 pseudohalo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- USFMMZYROHDWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C USFMMZYROHDWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Description
i»
HIGHER ACTIVES DISPERSION POLYMER TO AID CLARIFICATION,
DEWATERING, AND RETENTION AND DRAINAGE
The invention is a method for clarifying industrial waste water or paper furnish with an effective amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said polymer which has a concentration of at least twenty five percent to said waste water or paper furnish. The industrial waste is preferably food processing waste water, oily waste water, paper mill waste water and inorganic contaminated waste water. The : paper furnish may be an aqueous cellulosic suspension.
This invention relates to polymers that are of particular value as flocculants for suspensions of organic matter of a proteinaceous or cellulosic nature such as are to be found in sewage and industrial plant treatment effluents or in paper mills.
It is commonly accepted that such suspended . materials which are hydrophilic in nature and which often ) have specific gravities quite close to that of the aqueous liquors in which they are suspended, contrast in a marked way with the more hydrophobic mineral suspensions in that they are frequently found to be much more difficult to flocculate economically with chemical reagents prior to a physical dewatering step such as filtration, flotation, sedimentation, dewatering or in the retention of such materials for processing. These difficulties are particularly noticeable when higher proportions of suspended matter are present, commonly involving concentrations of 0.5 percent by weight and upwards wherein the suspensions take on a paste-like consistency and are commonly described as sludges or paper furnishes.
It is well known that the clarification or dewatering of sewage and industrial sludges and similar organic suspensions may be aided with the use of chemical reagents, added in order to induce a state of coagulation or flocculation which facilitates the process of solid/liquid or liquid/liquid separation from water. For this purpose, lime or salts of iron or aluminum have been utilized. More recently synthetic polyelectrolytes, particularly certain cationic copolymers of acrylamide, have been found to be of interest.
Cationically charged water soluble or water dispersible polymers are utilized in a variety of processes that involve the separation of solids or immiscible liquids dispersed or suspended in water from water, and the dewatering of solids containing water.
These types of polymers, which may be natural or synthetic, are broadly termed coagulants and flocculants.
These polymers can be utilized in such diverse processes as emulsion breaking, sludge dewatering, raw water clarification, drainage and retention aids in the manufacture of pulp and paper, flotation aids in mining processing and color removal.
Polymers of this type generally work by neutralizing the anionic charge of the suspended solids, or liquids, which are to be removed. These solids or liquids may be waste which must be removed from water, Or desirable products which are recovered from aqueous systems, such as coal fines, which can be coagulated or flocculated and sold as fuel.
In the water treatment field of solids/liquid separation, suspended solids are removed from water by a variety of processes, including sedimentation, straining, flotation, filtration, coagulation, flocculation, and emulsion breaking among others. Additionally, after
> suspended solids are removed from the water they must often be dewatered so that they may be further treated or properly disposed of. Liquids treated for solids removal often have as little as several parts per billion of suspended solids or dispersed oils, or may contain large amounts of suspended solids or oils. Solids being dewatered may contain anywhere from 0.25 weight percent solids, to 40 or 50 weight percent solids material.
Solids/ligquid or liquid/liquid separation processes are designed to remove solids from liquids, or liquids from liquids.
While strictly mechanical means have been used to effect solids/liquid separation, modern methods often rely on mechanical separation techniques which are augmented by synthetic and natural cationic polymeric materials to accelerate the rate at which solids can be removed from water. These processes include the treatment of raw water with cationic coagulant polymers which settle suspended inorganic particulates and make the water usable for industrial or municipal purposes.
Other examples of these processes include the removal of colored soluble species from paper mill effluent wastes, the use of organic flocculant polymers to flocculate industrial and municipal waste materials, sludge recovery and emulsion breaking.
Regarding the mechanism of separation processes, particles in nature have either a cationic or anionic charge. Accordingly, these particles often are removed py a water soluble coagulant or flocculant polymer having a charge opposite to that of the particles. This is referred to as a polyelectrolyte enhanced solids/liquid separation process, wherein a water soluble or dispersionable jonically charged polymer is added to neutralize the charged particles or emulsion droplets to pe separated. The dosage of these polymers is critical to the performance of the process. Too little ionically charged polymer, and the suspended particles will not be charge neutralized and will thus still repel each other.
Too much polymer, and the polymer will be wasted, or worse, present a problem in and of itself.
Examples of such cationic polymers for dewatering include U. S. Patent No. 3,409,546 which describes the use of N- (amino methyl) -polyacrylamides in conjunction with other cationic polymers for the treatment of sewage sludges; U. S. Patent No. 3,414,514 which describes the use of a copolymer of acrylamide and a quaternized cationic methacrylate ester, JP 61-106072 which describes water-soluble copolymers and another class of cationic polymers used to dewater sludges described in U.S. Patent
No. 3,897,333. Utilization of polyethyleneimines and homopolymers of cationic acrylates and methacrylates and other cationic polymers such as polyvinyl pyridines is also known.
Another example of a cationic polymer useful for sludge treatment is U. S. Patent No. 4,191,645, in which cationic copolymers prepared from a nonionic monomer, such as acrylamide, and a cationic monomer, such as trimethylammonium ethylmethacrylate methyl sulfate guaternary (TMAEM.MSQ) or dimethylaminoethylacrylate methyl sulfate quaternary (DMAEA.MSQ) are disclosed.
Further examples of polymeric treatments for sludge dewatering include the 1,4-dichloro-2-butene dimethylamine ionene chloride polymer as disclosed in U.
S. Patent No. 3,928,448 and the block copolymers disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 5,234,604. among treatments useful for improving retention and drainage are those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,126,014 and 5,266,164.
.
Notwithstanding the variety of commercially : © available polymers which have been found to be capable of flocculating or coagulating solids sludges, there are various circumstances which tend to limit the usefulness of these reagents. While for certain sludges economical treatments with these known reagents are feasible, more often sludges require very high and cost-ineffective dosages of reagents for successful treatment. Moreover, variations often occur in sludge from any one source.
For example, variations in the supply of material to the waste water/sludge/paper furnish process water and/or in the oxidizing conditions that may be involved in the production of these waters lead to a variety of particle types which must be removed. Furthermore, it is not uncommon to encounter sludges which are, for some reason, not amenable to flocculation by any of the known polymeric flocculating agents. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide to the art a superior method for the dewatering of sludge-containing industrial waste waters or in the retention of industrial processing aids.
The invention is a method for clarifying industrial waste water or paper furnish with an effective amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said polymer which has a concentration of at least twenty five percent to said waste water or paper furnish. The industrial waste is preferably food processing waste water, oily waste water, paper mill waste water and inorganic contaminated waste water. The paper furnish may be an aqueous cellulosic suspension.
Methods for manufacturing the polymer dispersion used in the invention are described in detail in U. S.
Pat. Nos. 5,006,590 and 4,929,655, assigned to Kyoritsu
Yuki Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, and U.S Patent Nos. 5,708,071 and 5,587,415 assigned to Hymo Corporation of
Tokyo, Japan. The disclosures of these two patents are incorporated herein by reference.
This invention represents a substantial improvement in the art of treatment of aqueous ‘systems with dispersion polymers. As will be shown in the Examples, the lower concentration dispersion polymers presently utilized and disclosed are inferior to those dispersion polymers at higher concentrations disclosed herein. The superiority of the polymers disclosed herein is much more than an incremental additive effect which would be normally expected by those skilled in the art. The
Examples will illustrate this unexpectedly greater activity at much lower dosage, which was previously unforeseeable.
The Monomers
According to the invention, the polymer dispersion used to treat the produced water is prepared from a water-soluble monomer mixture containing at least 5 mole 2 of a cationic monomer represented by the general formula (I):
R, Rj
R, AN yd :
A £10 a zs
B, 0 1 wherein R; is H or CHi3; Ry and Rj; are each an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms; A; is an oxygen atom or NH; Bj is an alkyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxypropyl group and Xi is a counter anion. The above water-soluble monomer mixture is soluble in the aqueous solution of the anionic salt. The polymer generated from the monomer mixture is, however, insoluble in the aqueous anionic salt solution. The polymer of the monomer mixture can also be used as the seed polymer. The seed polymer is described in detail below.
The above cationic monomer represented by the ’ general formula (I) preferably is a quaternary ammonium salt obtained by the reaction of benzyl chloride and : dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminohydroxypropyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide.
Monomers preferably copolymerized with the cationic monomer represented by the general formula (I) includes acrylamide, methacrylamide or other N-substituted (meth) acrylamides and the cationic monomers represented by the general formula (II):
Rs Re
Ng al
AN yd ON
Sha
O 11 wherein Rs is H or CH3; Rs and Rg are each an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms; R; is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms; A, is an oxygen atom or NH; B: is an alkyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxypropyl group and X; is a counter anion. Xi; and X may be anionic counterions such as halides, pseudohalides, -S050CH3, and -OC(O)CH; among others.
Preferable monomers represented by the formula (ITI) include the ammonium salts of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, diethylaminopropyl acrylamide and dimethylhydroxypropyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, diethylaminopropyl methacrylamide and dimethylhydroxypropyl methacrylate or other N-substituted (meth)acrylamides as well as the methylated and ethylated quaternary salts. Among the more preferable cationic monomers represented by the general formula (IT) are the salts and methylated quaternary salts of dialkylaminoethyl acrylate and dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate. The concentration of the above-mentioned monomers in the polymerization reaction mixture is suitably in the range of 5 to 30% by weight.
The Anionic Salts
The anionic salt to be incorporated in the aqueous solution according to the present invention is suitably a sulfate, a phosphate, a chloride or a mixture thereof.
Preferable salts include ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium hydrogen phosphate. In the present invention, these salts may be each used as an agueous solution thereof having a combined concentration of 10% or above.
The Dispersants
A dispersant polymer (also referred to as stabilizer polymer) is present in the aqueous anionic salt solution in which the polymerization of the above monomers OCCUrS.
The dispersant polymer is a water-soluble high molecular weight cationic polymer. The dispersant polymer is at least partially soluble in the above-mentioned aqueous salt solution. The dispersant polymer is preferably used in an amount of from 1 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the monomers. The dispersant polymer is composed of 5 mole % or more of a diallyldialkyl ammonium halide or of a cationic monomer unit represented by the formula I or II. Preferably, the residual mole % is acrylamide or methacrylamide or other N-substituted : (meth)acrylamides or diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride.
The performance of the dispersant is not greatly affected by molecular weight. However, the molecular weight of the dispersant is preferably in the range of 10,000 to 10,000,000. According to one embodiment of the invention, a multifunctional alcohol such as glycerin or polyethylene glycol or a chain transfer agent such as sodium formate is coexistent in the polymerization system. The deposition of the fine particles is smoothly carried out in the presence of these agents.
The Dispersion Polymers ” For the polymerizations, a usual water-soluble radical-forming agent can be employed, but preferably water-soluble azo compounds such as 2,2'-azobis (2- amidinopropane) hydrochloride and 2,2'-azobis(N,N'- dimethyleneisobutylamine) hydrochloride are used.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a seed polymer may be added before the beginning of the polymerization of the above monomers for the purpose of obtaining a fine dispersion. The seed polymer is a water-soluble cationic polymer insoluble in the aqueous solution of the anionic salt. The seed polymer is preferably a polymer prepared from the above monomer mixture by the process described herein. Nevertheless, the monomer composition of the seed polymer need not
Claims (30)
1. In a method for clarifying waste water with an effective clarifying amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant; wherein said water soluble flocculant is added to said waste water in an effective amount to flocculate suspended solids, the suspended solids are removed, and a clarified water is obtained, said dispersion of said water soluble cationic polymer flocculant formed from polymerizing vinylic monomers under free-radical forming conditions in a medium containing water, monomers, stabilizer polymer, and an aqueous anionic salt solution; wherein said water-soluble cationic polymer flocculant is polymerized from a) at least 5 mole es of a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of: monomers of general formula (I) R; Rs R, AN J A £10 NE Co 0 I wherein R; is. selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, R; and Rj; are selected from the group consisting of Ci alkyl and C, alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, By is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, C3 alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and Xi is an anionic counterion and monomers of general formula II: Rs Re I NN £ At AN ye On Sh Y II wherein Ry; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs;, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Ry is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, Ci; alkyl and C; alkyl; A; is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; Bz is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, Cz alkyl, Cq alkyl and hydroxypropyl and Xz = is an anionic counterion with b) at least 5 mole % of a monomer selected from the group consisting of C;-C;p N-alkyl acrylamide, C;-Cjo N,N-dialkyl arylamide, Ci-
Cip N-alkylmethacrylamide, C;-Cip N,N- dialkylmethacrylamide, N-aryl acrylamide, N,N-diaryl acrylamide, N-aryl methacrylamide, N,N-diaryl methacrylamide, N-arylalkyl acrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl acrylamide, N-arylalkyl methacrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl methacrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide;
and wherein said stabilizer polymer is a cationic polymer which is at least partially soluble in said aqueous solution of said anionic salt, wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said water-soluble cationic flocculant polymer dispersion to said waste water at a concentration of at least twenty-five weight percent polymer dispersion in water.
2. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said stabilizer polymer is polymerized from at least 5 mole % of cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of : monomers of general formula I R; R; R; AN J A § 1 DES Co O I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHi3, R; and R3 are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3 alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and Xi” is an anionic counterion, diallyldialkyl ammonium halides, monomers of general formula II: Rs Rg Ry AN J SN ve * Ry oO II wherein Rs is selected from the group consisting of H and CH3, Rs and Re are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Ry; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C, alkyl; A, is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, Cs; alkyl, C4 alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; is an anionic counterion, and combinations thereof.
3. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said waste water is selected from the group consisting of industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater.
4. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said anionic salt is selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulfates, chlorides and mixtures thereof.
5. The improvement of claim 1 including the further step of adding an effective amount of at least one coagulant to the waste water.
6. The improvement of claim 3 wherein said industrial wastewater is selected from the group consisting of food processing waste water, oily waste water, paper mill waste water and inorganic-contaminated waste water.
7. In a method for dewatering waste water with an effective dewatering amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant; wherein said water soluble flocculant is added to said waste water in an effective amount to dewater suspended solids, the ] suspended solids are removed, and a clarified water is obtained, said dispersion of said water soluble cationic polymer flocculant formed from polymerizing vinylic monomers under free-radical forming conditions in a medium containing water, monomers, stabilizer polymer, and an aqueous anionic salt solution; wherein said water-soluble cationic polymer flocculant is polymerized from a) at least 5 mole % of a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of:
monomers of general formula I° R, R3 R; AN ye £ A x0 oo 0 I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHi, R; and Rj are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and Cp alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, Cs; alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and Xi)” is an anionic counterion and monomers of general formula II: Rs Re : Ry AN yd 4S A ON O 11 wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, Rs and Re are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Rs is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Az is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, Cs; alkyl, C, alkyl and hydroxypropyl and Xp; is an anionic counterion with b) at least 5 mole % of a monomer selected from the group consisting of C;-Cjpo N-alkyl acrylamide, C3-Cjo N,N-dialkyl arylamide, Ci-Cio N-alkylmethacrylamide, Ci1-Cio
N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, N-aryl acrylamide, N,N-diaryl acrylamide, N~aryl methacrylamide, N,N-diaryl methacrylamide, N-arylalkyl acrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl acrylamide, N-arylalkyl methacrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl methacrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide; and wherein said stabilizer polymer is a cationic polymer which is at least partially soluble in said agueous solution of said anionic salt; wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said water-soluble cationic flocculant polymer dispersion to said waste water at a concentration of at least twenty-five weight percent polymer dispersion in water.
8. The improvement of claim 7 wherein said stabilizer polymer contains at least 5 mole % of cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of monomers of the general formula I R, Rj R, AN yd £ 1 Ay yd © oo 0 I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CH;, R, and R; are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A: is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C: alkyl, C3 alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X; is an anionic counterion, diallyldialkyl ammonium halides,
monomers of general formula II: Rs Rg Rs AN / ® Ay ya ON / NaN 0 II . wherein Rs is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; R; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; A; is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; By is selected from the group consisting of Cz; alkyl, C3 alkyl, Ci alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X, © is an anionic counterion, and combinations thereof.
9. The improvement of claim 7 wherein said waste water is selected from the group consisting of industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater.
10. The improvement of claim 7 wherein said anionic salt is selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulfates, chlorides and mixtures thereof.
11. The improvement of claim 7 including the further step of adding an effective amount of at least one coagulant to said waste water.
12. The improvement of claim 9 wherein said industrial wastewater is selected from the group consisting of food processing waste water, oily waste water, paper mill waste water and inorganic contaminated waste water. -
13. In a method for improving retention and drainage of process water in pulp and paper production with an effective amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant; wherein said water soluble flocculant is added to said process water in an effective amount to improve retention and drainage, said dispersion of said water soluble cationic polymer flocculant formed from polymerizing vinylic monomers under free-radical forming conditions in a medium containing water, monomers, stabilizer polymer, and an aqueous anionic salt solution; wherein said water-soluble cationic polymer flocculant is polymerized from a) at least 5 mole % of a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of: monomers of general formula I R, R3 R; AN ya A £1 ™ zs B, Oo I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHi3, R; and Rj; are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3; alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X; is an anionic counterion and monomers of general formula II:
Rs Rg \ ® ™ / ON, . B, 7 0 11 wherein R, is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of Ci alkyl and Cz; alkyl; Rs; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C: alkyl; A; is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; B: is selected from the group consisting of Cz alkyl, Cs alkyl, C4 alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; = 1s an anionic counterion with b) at least 5 mole % of a monomer selected from the group consisting of C;-Cjo N-alkyl acrylamide, C1-Cjo N,N-dialkyl arylamide, Ci-Cio N-alkylmethacrylamide, C;-Cjo N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, N-aryl acrylamide, N,N-diaryl acrylamide, N-aryl methacrylamide, N,N-diaryl methacrylamide, N-arylalkyl acrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl acrylamide, N-arylalkyl methacrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl methacrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide; and wherein said stabilizer polymer is a cationic polymer which is at least partially soluble in said aqueous solution of said anionic salt; wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said water-soluble cationic flocculant polymer dispersion to said waste water at a concentration of at least twenty-five weight percent polymer dispersion in water.
14. The improvement of claim 13 wherein said stabilizer polymer is polymerized from at least 5 mole %
of cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of monomers of the general formula I R, AN yd © N® Ay ya © oo 0 1 wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHi;, R, and R; are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3 alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X; is an anionic counterion, diallyldialkyl ammonium halides, monomers of the general formula II: Rs Rs "Ry N J Bo a Z * Bs 0 II wherein Ry; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHi;, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Ry is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, Ci alkyl and C; alkyl; A, is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; By is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3 alkyl, Cs; alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; ~ is an anionic counterion and combinations thereof.
15. The improvement of claim 13 wherein said anionic salt is selected from the group consisting of :phosphates, sulfates, chlorides and mixtures thereof.
16. In a method for clarifying waste water with an effective clarifying amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant; wherein said water soluble flocculant is added to said waste water in an effective amount to flocculate suspended solids, the suspended solids are removed, and.a clarified water is obtained, said dispersion of said water soluble cationic polymer flocculant formed from polymerizing vinylic monomers under free-radical forming conditions in a medium containing water, monomers, stabilizer polymer, ’ and an agueous anionic salt solution; wherein said water-soluble cationic polymer flocculant is polymerized from a) at least 5 mole % of a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of: monomers of general formula (I) R, Rj Rj AN / A &@ ™ 50 B; 0 I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CH;, R; and R3 are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3; alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and Xj; is an anionic counterion and monomers of general formula II: Rs Re Ry AN J At A; ya On / NN 0 II wherein Ry; is selected from the group consisting of H and CH;, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Ry; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; A, is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; Bp is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, C3 alkyl, C4 alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X» = is an anionic counterion with b) at least 5 mole % of a monomer selected from the group consisting of Ci-Cjo N-alkyl acrylamide, C;-Cio N,N-dialkyl arylamide, C;-Cip N-alkylmethacrylamide, Ci-Cipo N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, N-aryl acrylamide, N,N-diaryl acrylamide, N-aryl methacrylamide, N,N-diaryl methacrylamide, N-arylalkyl acrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl acrylamide, N-arylalkyl methacrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl methacrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide; and wherein said stabilizer polymer is a cationic polymer which is at least partially soluble in said aqueous solution of said anionic salt, wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said water-soluble cationic flocculant polymer dispersion to said waste water at a concentration of twenty-five weight percent polymer dispersion in water.
17. The improvement of claim 16 wherein said stabilizer polymer is polymerized from at least 5 mole % of cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of : monomers of general formula I R, Rj Ry AN / £ Ay yd © d Ng Xi . 0) I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CH3, Ry; and R; are selected from the group consisting of Cy; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; isselected from the groupgroup consisting of C; alkyl, Cz alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X;~ is an anionic counterion, . diallyldialkyl ammonium halides, monomers of general formula II: Rs Rg a NN 4 as A; J SN / NN 0 11 wherein Ry; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs;, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and Cp alkyl; Rs is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; A; is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; Ba: is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3 alkyl, C4 alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; = is an anionic counterion, and combinations thereof.
18. The improvement of claim 16 wherein said waste water is selected from the group consisting of industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater.
19. The improvement of claim 16 wherein said "anionic salt is selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulfates, chlorides and mixtures thereof.
20. The improvement of claim 16 including the further step of adding an effective amount of at least one coagulant to the waste water.
21. The improvement of claim 18 wherein said industrial wastewater is selected from the group consisting of food processing waste water, oily waste water, paper mill waste water and inorganic-contaminated waste water.
22. In a method for dewatering waste water with an effective dewatering amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant; wherein said water soluble flocculant is added to said waste water in an effective amount to dewater suspended solids, the suspended solids are removed, and a clarified water is obtained, said dispersion of said water soluble cationic polymer flocculant formed from polymerizing vinylic monomers under free-radical forming conditions in a medium containing water, monomers, stabilizer polymer, and an aqueous anionic salt solution; wherein said water-soluble cationic polymer flocculant is polymerized from a) at least 5 mole % of a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of: monomers of general formula I
R; Rj R; AN / £1 NE O I : wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, R; and Rj are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and Cp alkyl, A; isselected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of Cz alkyl, Cj alkyl and hydropropoxy : groups, and Xi” is an anionic counterion and monomers of general formula II: Rs Re I N AE in IN Sh 0 11 wherein Rs is selected from the group consisting of H and CHi, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Ry; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; A, is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; Bz is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, C3 alkyl, C; alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; = is an anionic counterion with b) at least 5 mole % of a monomer selected from the group consisting of C;-C;o N-alkyl acrylamide, C;- Cio N,N-dialkyl arylamide, C;-Cj;o N~alkylmethacrylamide, C1-Cjo N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, N-aryl acrylamide, N,N- diaryl acrylamide, N-aryl methacrylamide, N,N-diaryl methacrylamide, N-arylalkyl acrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl acrylamide, N-arylalkyl methacrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl methacrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide; and wherein said stabilizer polymer is a cationic polymer which is at least partially soluble in said aqueous solution of said anionic salt; wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said water-soluble cationic flocculant polymer dispersion to said waste water at a concentration of twenty-five weight percent polymer dispersion in water. :
23. The improvement of claim 22 wherein said stabilizer polymer contains at least 5 mole $% of cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of monomers of the general formula I : R, R; R; AN 4 § Aj ye C) a O I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHi;, R, and Rj; are selected from the group . consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; isselected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3; alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and XX,” is an anionic counterion,diallyldialkyl ammonium halides, monomers of general formula II: Rs R¢ Ry NL J SN ™ VE 0 11 wherein Rs is selected from the group consisting of H and CH;, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; R; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; Az is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; Bp is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, C3 alkyl, C4 alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; = is an anionic counterion, and combinations thereof.
24. The improvement of claim 22 wherein said waste water is selected from the group consisting of industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater.
25. The improvement of claim 22 wherein said anionic salt is selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulfates, chlorides and mixtures thereof.
26. The improvement of claim 22 including the further step of adding an effective amount of at least one coagulant to said waste water.
27. The improvement of claim 24 wherein said industrial wastewater is selected from the group consisting of food processing waste water, oily waste water, paper mill waste water and inorganic contaminated waste water.
28. In a method for improving retention and drainage of process water in pulp and paper production with an effective amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant; wherein said water soluble flocculant is added to said process water in an effective amount to improve retention and drainage, said dispersion of said water soluble cationic polymer flocculant formed from polymerizing vinylic monomers under free-radical forming conditions in a medium containing water, monomers, stabilizer polymer, and an aqueous anionic salt solution; wherein said water-soluble cationic polymer flocculant is polymerized from a) at least 5 mole % of a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of:
monomers of general formula I R, Rj R, AN yd ts B, 0 I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, R; and R3 are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of Cz alkyl, Cs alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X; is an anionic counterion and monomers of general formula II: Rs R¢ Ry NL yd AE A; yd SO d ANE 0 II wherein Ry; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, Rs and Re are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and Cp alkyl; Rs is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C: alkyl; A, is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3 alkyl, C, alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; = is an anionic counterion with b) at least 5 mole % of a monomer selected from the group consisting of Ci1-Cio N-alkyl acrylamide, C;-Cjo N,N-dialkyl arylamide, Cy1-Cio N-alkylmethacrylamide, C1-Cjo
N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, N-aryl acrylamide, N,N-diaryl acrylamide, N-aryl methacrylamide, N,N-diaryl methacrylamide, N-arylalkyl acrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl acrylamide, N-arylalkyl methacrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl methacrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide; and wherein said stabilizer polymer is a cationic polymer which is at least partially soluble in said aqueous solution of said anionic salt; wherein the improvement comprises the addition of said water-soluble cationic flocculant polymer dispersion to said waste water at a concentration of twenty-five weight percent polymer dispersion in water.
29. The improvement of claim 28 wherein said stabilizer polymer is polymerized from at least 5 mole % of cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of monomers of the general formula I Ro R3 R; AN J £ 1) as 0) I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CH;, R, and Rj; are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of Cp alkyl, C3 alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X;” is an anionic counterion, diallyldialkyl ammonium halides,
monomers of the general formula II: Rs Re Ry AN J At A; ye ON / NN 0 11 wherein Ry is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; R; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; A; is selected from the group consisting of an . oxygen atom and NH; Bz is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, C3 alkyl, Cs alkyl and " hydroxypropyl and X; = 1s an anionic counterion and combinations thereof.
30. The improvement of claim 28 wherein said anionic salt is selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulfates, chlorides and mixtures thereof.
AMENDED CLAIMS [received by the International Bureau on 10 August 1999 (10.08.99), original claims 1 — 30 replaced by new claims 1 - 7 (4 pages)]
1. A method for the treatment of water with an effective clarifying amount of at least one dispersion of a water soluble cationic polymer flocculant; wherein said water soluble flocculant is added to said water in an effective amount to flocculate suspended solids, the suspended solids are removed, and a clarified water is obtained, said dispersion of said water soluble cationic polymer flocculant formed from polymerizing vinylic monomers under free-radical forming conditions in a medium containing water, monomers, stabilizer polymer, and an aqueous anionic salt solution; wherein said water-soluble cationic polymer flocculant is polymerized from a) at least 5 mole % of a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of: monomers of general formula (I) R, Ry R; AN J £ A yas oo 0
I . wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CH;, R; and R3 are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of O and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, C3 alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X; is an anionic counterion and AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
monomers of general formula II: Rs Rg Ry AN / Ane? Ay J On / NTN 0 II wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CHs, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl and C; alkyl; R; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C, alkyl; A; is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; B; is selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl, C3; alkyl, C4 alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X, = 1s an anionic counterion with b) at least 5 mole % of a monomer selected from the group consisting of C;-C;p N-alkyl acrylamide, C;-Cio N,N- dialkyl arylamide, Ci- Cio N-alkylmethacrylamide, C;-Cjo N,N- dialkylmethacrylamide, N-aryl acrylamide, N,N-diaryl acrylamide, N-aryl methacrylamide, N,N-diaryl methacrylamide, N-arylalkyl acrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl acrylamide, N- arylalkyl methacrylamide, N,N-diarylalkyl methacrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide; and wherein said stabilizer polymer is a cationic polymer which is at least partially soluble in said aqueous solution of said anionic salt, wherein the addition of said water- soluble cationic flocculant polymer dispersion to said waste water at a concentration of at least twenty-five weight percent polymer dispersion in water.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said anionic salt is . selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulfates, chlorides and mixtures thereof. AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
3. The method of claim 2 wherein that said stabilizer polymer is polymerized from at least 5 mole % of cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of : monomers of general formula I R, Rj Ry AN J NO Aq ye © X, d ™ B, 0 I wherein R; is selected from the group consisting of H and CH;, R; and Rj; are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C, alkyl, A; is selected from the group consisting of 0 and NH, B; is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, Cs; alkyl and hydropropoxy groups, and X; is an anionic counterion, diallyldialkyl ammonium halides, monomers of general formula II: Rs Re Ry AN / ® Ay J 2 @ ANE ON oy O II wherein Ry is selected from the group consisting of H and CH3, Rs and Rg are selected from the group consisting of C; alkyl and C; alkyl; R; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C; alkyl and C; alkyl; A; is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and NH; B; is selected from the group consisting of C, alkyl, Ci; alkyl, Cs, alkyl and hydroxypropyl and X; = is an anionic counterion, and combinations thereof.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the further step of adding an effective amount of at least one coagulant to the waste water.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said water is selected from the group consisting of industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater. ]
6. The method of claim 5 wherein said industrial wastewater is selected from the group consisting of food processing waste water, oily waste water, paper mill waste water and inorganic-contaminated waste water. :
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the water to be treated is selected from clarifying waste water, the dewatering of waste water and the improvement of retention and drainage of process water in pulp and paper production. AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200107959A ZA200107959B (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200107959A ZA200107959B (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200107959B true ZA200107959B (en) | 2002-11-27 |
Family
ID=27735362
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200107959A ZA200107959B (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ZA (1) | ZA200107959B (en) |
-
2001
- 2001-09-27 ZA ZA200107959A patent/ZA200107959B/en unknown
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6171505B1 (en) | Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage | |
| AU710781B2 (en) | Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersion polymers | |
| JP4141141B2 (en) | Anionic and nonionic dispersion polymers for purification and dehydration | |
| DK1274652T3 (en) | A process for the purification of water by the use of cationic dispersion polymers of low molecular weight | |
| EP0952118B1 (en) | Water clarification by addition of colloidal silica followed by addition of polyelectrolyte | |
| US20160214874A1 (en) | Combination of flocculant with surfactant for wastewater treatment | |
| US5601725A (en) | Hydrophobically modified polymers for sludge dewatering | |
| EP1377525A2 (en) | Treatment of suspensions with a flocculation system comprising a non-ionic polymer and a cationic polymeric flocculant | |
| CA2418483C (en) | Polymeric compositions for dewatering sewage sludges | |
| US5725780A (en) | Method for using novel high solids polymer compositions as flocculation aids | |
| CA2730119A1 (en) | Treatment additives and methods for treating an aqueous medium | |
| Shatat et al. | Synthetic Polyelectrolytes based on polyacrylamide: non-ionic, anionic and cationic Polyacrylamides and their applications in water and wastewater treatment: literature review | |
| AU2001289803A1 (en) | Polymeric compositions for dewatering sewage sludges | |
| CA2368604C (en) | Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage | |
| JPH10249400A (en) | Method for dehydrating sludge | |
| US5296006A (en) | 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanoic acid copolymers as selective coal flocculants | |
| JP5952593B2 (en) | Wastewater treatment method | |
| ZA200107959B (en) | Higher actives dispersion polymer to aid clarification, dewatering, and retention and drainage. | |
| JP7190642B2 (en) | Composition for sludge control | |
| JP3064878B2 (en) | Organic sludge treatment | |
| JP4177513B2 (en) | Emulsion and flocculant compositions | |
| GB2268422A (en) | Dewatering of mineral suspensions | |
| JPH10249399A (en) | Method for dehydrating sludge | |
| WO1993002968A1 (en) | Dewatering of aqueous suspensions | |
| KR100579764B1 (en) | Hydrophilic Dispersion Polymers of Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride and Acrylamide for Deinking Process Water Purification |