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WO2025239864A2 - Procédé de regroupement et de formation de faisceau d'ap sur la base de l'emplacement d'un ue pour des réseaux sans cellule - Google Patents

Procédé de regroupement et de formation de faisceau d'ap sur la base de l'emplacement d'un ue pour des réseaux sans cellule

Info

Publication number
WO2025239864A2
WO2025239864A2 PCT/TR2025/050472 TR2025050472W WO2025239864A2 WO 2025239864 A2 WO2025239864 A2 WO 2025239864A2 TR 2025050472 W TR2025050472 W TR 2025050472W WO 2025239864 A2 WO2025239864 A2 WO 2025239864A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
access point
user equipment
information
cluster
aps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/TR2025/050472
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English (en)
Inventor
Ali ARSAL
Huseyin Arslan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ulak Haberlesme AS
Original Assignee
Ulak Haberlesme AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ulak Haberlesme AS filed Critical Ulak Haberlesme AS
Publication of WO2025239864A2 publication Critical patent/WO2025239864A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of UE’s location-based AP (Access Point) & beamforming for cell-free networks.
  • UE User Equipment
  • Cell-free mMIMO is a novel technique that combines the benefits of ultra- dense networks with massive MIMO (mMIMO) technology to address their respective shortcomings in document [1], User Centric Cell-Free System is shown in document [1], The term was coined in document [2] and refers to a network with more APs than UEs. The APs collaborate to serve the UEs through joint transmission and reception. To picture this technique, we can assume a network with a single mMIMO array.
  • this array can be taken apart and individual antennas can be placed at different places utilizing the same transmission/reception algorithms to realize the CF mMIMO concept as depicted in document [2],
  • scattered antennas transmit data signals with varying power and phase-shifts. This ensures synchronous delivery and increase in received signal power.
  • signals from separated antennas are combined to retrieve data from each UE.
  • CF mMIMO Regardless of how one approaches CF mMIMO technology, its primary characteristics are that it has a large number of geographically dispersed access points (APs) and that the coverage area is not separated into discrete cells. As shown in Figure 1 , every UE is served by every AP (Access Point) in the vicinity. mMIMO processing eliminates interference in ultra-dense networks, resulting in a network without cells. Using multiple scattered AP antennas instead of a handful with massive arrays reduces SNR (signal to noise ratio) variations, which restricts the efficacy of standard cellular mMIMO. The goal of CF mMIMO is to create a network infrastructure that can provide consistent data rates across a coverage area [2], This focuses on improving user-experienced data rates rather than average or peak rates, which are already high in current networks.
  • AP geographically dispersed access points
  • a CF mMIMO system can be considered as a user-centric network, as each UE only receives signals from nearby APs [1 , and references therein]. As shown in Fig. 1 , each UE is served by a distinct collection of adjacent APs.
  • the solution uses a Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) infrastructure to enable flexible cooperation among surrounding APs [3].
  • C-RAN Cloud Radio Access Network
  • APs connect to edge-cloud processors, sometimes known as Central Processing Units (CPUs), via fronthaul connections [2], Backhaul connections can be fully wired (using optical fiber cables) or partially wireless (using fixed microwave links).
  • CPUs Central Processing Units
  • Backhaul connections can be fully wired (using optical fiber cables) or partially wireless (using fixed microwave links).
  • determining the appropriate serving AP set and generating the beamforming vector is a challenge. It requires the dynamic knowledge of the location and/or received signal strength of the UE.
  • Positioning Reference Signal PRS
  • the PRS is a feature introduced in 5G networks to support positioning services. It is used by devices to measure the time of arrival (ToA) and angle of arrival (AoA), which are crucial for determining the device's location.
  • the signal is used by UE to perform measurements for positioning. These measurements are then reported back to the network, which calculates the UE's position using trilateration or triangulation methods [11].
  • Patent document ON 113613315B relates to selection process and indication method of access point cluster in large-scale MIMO system without cellular cell.
  • the selected access point cluster contains at least one main access point (AP); including an update period indication and indication of selection criteria; while ensuring the flexibility of access point cluster selection, it reduces signaling overhead and enables the access point cluster serving the UE to be updated in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the reliability of data transmission.
  • AP main access point
  • the proposed method does not consider using the location information of UE for clustering.
  • the system comprises a plurality of UE (User Equipment), a plurality of APs (Access Points) and main control equipment, in a centralized processing mode based on UE elements, UE is used for acquiring and selecting an AP with the best communication quality with the UE as a main AP according to communication quality parameters of the UE and each AP; according to the communication quality parameters, selecting a plurality of APs providing communication services for the APs as an AP cluster set.
  • the proposed method does not consider using the location information of UE for clustering.
  • the document [6] relates to the performance of cell-free massive MIMO in Rician fading,” in Proc.
  • Each UE selects the M ⁇ N dominant APs (UEs), corresponding to the APs (UEs) having M largest large scale fading coefficients.
  • the UE selects M out of N APs.
  • N is the total number of APs
  • M is the number of selected APs.
  • the proposed methods do not consider using the location information of UE for clustering.
  • the article document [7] relates to User Association in Scalable Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems.
  • the principle of the competition-based selection is that any AP gives priority to the limited number of UEs providing the best channel conditions.
  • the proposed methods do not consider using the location information of UE for clustering.
  • the document [8] relates to a clustering scheme based on timing requirements in coordinated base-stations cooperative communications.
  • a clustering method that considers the synchronization problem is proposed.
  • the cluster is composed of the areas that assure that the TDOAs (Time Difference of Arrival) of the users’ signals at the cooperating BSs are less than the CP (Cyclic Prefix) period.
  • the proposed method is a fixed clustering method. It is not user centric. It does not consider the location information of UE.
  • the document [9] relates to a user-centric virtual cell method to cell-free massive MIMO, in which a finite number of access points serve each user.
  • the UC strategy beats the conventional CF one when utilizing basic estimate schemes, according to the results, unless there is a tiny percentage of users that have poor channel conditions.
  • the proposed methods do not consider using the location information of UE for clustering.
  • the document [10] introduces a framework for structured massive access in cell-free massive MIMO systems. It includes an initial access algorithm, a partial large-scale fading decoding (P-LSFD) approach, two pilot assignment schemes, and one fractional power management policy.
  • P-LSFD partial large-scale fading decoding
  • two pilot assignment schemes two pilot assignment schemes
  • one fractional power management policy In order to allow a large number of UEs to access the network and choose the suitable APs for service, a scalable method based on a competitive process is offered. The proposed methods do not consider using the location information of UE for clustering.
  • the main technical problem is that according to the cell-free network definition, it is assumed that the UE can connect to all APs in the network.
  • this approach is not scalable, it is difficult to implement in practice.
  • There are some methods such as AP clustering, etc., to ensure scalability.
  • performing AP clustering in an optimal and dynamic way is a separate problem in the prior art.
  • the beamforming process cannot be done optimally.
  • the present invention relates to a method to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and bring new advantages to the relevant technical field.
  • the present invention relates to communications technologies, and in particular, to a method for UE’s location-based AP (Access Point) clustering & beamforming method for cell-free networks. Thanks to the proposed invention, it is aimed to solve dynamic AP clustering and beamforming problems in the prior art.
  • AP Access Point
  • the invention proposes a novel of Location Based Clustering & Beamforming.
  • location information is important.
  • PRS signal defined in 3GPP standard, ToA and AoA information can be provided. Using these information cluster formation and beamforming vector generation is possible.
  • AP clustering method has been proposed to ensure scalability. Performing this clustering in an optimal and dynamic way is an important problem. In addition to clustering, beamforming also needs to be done optimally. Therefore, within the scope of the invention, it is aimed to solve dynamic AP clustering and beamforming problems.
  • a main object of the invention is providing a method that is to determine the most appropriate AP (the closest AP to the UE as a distance) set and beamforming vector to serve the UE by using the location information of the UE.
  • the AP cluster serving the UE is dynamically determined by using the channel information (CQI-Channel Quality Indicator) reported periodically by the UE,
  • the new AP is selected using the PRS signal
  • the cell reselection process is triggered at the UE to determine a new set of APs to serve the UE.
  • the present invention relates to a method for UE’s location-based AP (Access Point) clustering & beamforming for cell-free networks.
  • AP Access Point
  • the AP cluster that will serve the UE and the beamforming vector that will be used to transmit data to the UE are centrally determined using the information from all APs,
  • a possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that three different APs are at least two access points and one master access point for determining user equipment location.
  • Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that;
  • signal used for tracking is pilot signal as Channel State Information-Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal
  • the present invention relates to a method of UE’s location-based AP (Access point) clustering & beamforming for cell-free networks.
  • the embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of UE’s location based AP clustering & beamforming method for cell-free networks, which can be executed by an apparatus for wireless communication at a base station in a wireless communications system (the apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory), or a network device, or by a component of the network device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or can be implemented by all or logical modules or software implementations of some network device functions or computer implemented device.
  • UE User equipment
  • UE User equipment
  • It can be a hand-held telephone, mobile phone, smart devices, a laptop computer equipped with a mobile broadband adapter, or etc. It connects to the base station Node B/eNodeB.
  • FIG. 1 Proposed User Centric Cell-Free Network Architecture
  • the method of the invention is to determine the most appropriate (AP closest to the UE (user equipment) as a distance) AP cluster and beamforming vector to serve the UE by using the location information of the UE.
  • Proposed User Centric Cell-Free Network Architecture which is including Central Processing Unit (CPU (1 )), fronthaul (2), access point 1 (AP1 (10)), access point 2 (AP2 (11 )), access point 3 (AP3 (12)), access point (AP4 (13)), user equipment 1 (UE1 (20)), user equipment (UE (21)), user equipment (UE (22)), user equipment (UE (23)), cluster of UE1 (30), cluster of UE1 (31) and Cluster of UE1 (32) are shown figure 1.
  • APs In order for the invention to be implemented that is sufficient to have at least two APs.
  • One of these APs is the master AP and the user can first connect to that AP.
  • the signal received from the other AP is at a certain level (Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) at a 0-15 (as it is known in standards)), in this way, it is possible to receive service.
  • CQI Channel Quality Indicator
  • Master AP is the access point (AP) where the user receives the strongest signal. Therefore, the UE connects to the network through this AP.
  • the main novelty and differences in the proposed method starts with selecting at least one the master access point (AP) and at least one the closest APs by CPU (1 ) to send Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) to the user equipment (UE) for estimating the user equipment’s location.
  • AP master access point
  • PRS Positioning Reference Signal
  • the proposed computer implemented method which is suitable for being used with a communication network which is a user-centric cell-free network where each access point (AP) is connected to the network is synchronized, wherein the communication network is comprising;
  • At least one master access point in the coverage area At least one master access point in the coverage area
  • At least one user equipment (UE) which is connected to network
  • At least one Central Processing Unit (CPU (1 )) which is connected to the network, characterized in that the method ensures determining the closest access point (AP) cluster to the user equipment (UE) as a distance and beamforming vector to serve the UE by using the location information of the user equipment (UE) for UE’s location-based AP clustering & beamforming method for cell- free networks which is suitable for being used with a communication network, wherein the method is characterized by after performing the steps of;
  • SSB Listening Synchronization Signal Block
  • UE user equipment
  • listening SSB signals connecting each UE to the network through a master AP, which is the AP that UE gets the strongest SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) signal
  • strongest SSB signal means that before connecting to the network, the UE listens to the SSB signals coming from the base stations around it. It connects to the base station with the strongest of these signals. Apart from this, there is no strongest SSB signal requirement.
  • RACH Random Access Channel
  • the cluster is formed (here formed process by doing: AP cluster is created from selected APs. The rendering condition is explained in the comments above. These selected APs only send data signals to the UE. Control signalling is done through the master AP) by the closest three APs including the master AP),
  • angle of arrival (AoA) information of any AP that belongs to the cluster is absent, then sending PRS by this AP to get the angle of arrival (AoA) information,
  • the beamforming vectors are generated to send the data signal to the user equipment,
  • Tracking the signal provided by the AP’s to determine Channel Quality Indicator Tracking the CSI-RS reports (Here, CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) is the pilot signal sent by the base station to the UE to obtain channel information, provided by the APs (APs transmit the channel information they obtain from the UEs connected to them to the CPU (1 ) via the CSI-RS signal. Tracking is done by the CPU (1).) to determine channel quality indicator (CQI)),
  • CQI Channel Quality Indicator
  • This value is used to measure the channel quality.
  • a new AP is selected using the new estimated location information (Here, when the signal level received by the UE from any of the APs it is connected to falls below a certain (determined) threshold value, the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) is sent to the UE again by the candidate APs to select a new AP.
  • PRS Positioning Reference Signal
  • the candidate AP closest to the UE is added to the AP cluster.
  • CQI channel quality indicator
  • the difference and innovation of the invention starts after the RACH step.

Landscapes

  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de regroupement et de formation de faisceau d'AP sur la base de l'emplacement d'un UE pour des réseaux sans cellules.
PCT/TR2025/050472 2024-05-13 2025-05-12 Procédé de regroupement et de formation de faisceau d'ap sur la base de l'emplacement d'un ue pour des réseaux sans cellule Pending WO2025239864A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2024/005821 2024-05-13
TR2024005821 2024-05-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025239864A2 true WO2025239864A2 (fr) 2025-11-20

Family

ID=97720904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/TR2025/050472 Pending WO2025239864A2 (fr) 2024-05-13 2025-05-12 Procédé de regroupement et de formation de faisceau d'ap sur la base de l'emplacement d'un ue pour des réseaux sans cellule

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2025239864A2 (fr)

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