WO2025237280A1 - Charging and discharging circuit, equalization control method and apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to a charging and discharging circuit, an equalization control method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium. The charging and discharging circuit comprises a plurality of batteries connected in series, a voltage transformation circuit (100), a first equalization circuit (200), and a plurality of second equalization circuits (300). The plurality of batteries connected in series are not limited to the same required size, capacity, voltage and other parameters, so that the battery accommodation in a special-shaped space can be achieved and the performance of the batteries can be improved in multiple dimensions; and when the capacities are different and/or the voltages are different, the currents between the batteries and a load can be bidirectionally adjusted by means of the voltage transformation circuit (100), the first equalization circuit (200), and the plurality of second equalization circuits (300), so that the voltage differences among the plurality of batteries are in a preset range, achieving balanced charging and discharging.

Description

Charging and discharging circuits, equalization control methods and devices, electronic equipment, and storage media.

Cross-reference to related applications

This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024105988834, filed on May 14, 2024, entitled “Charging and Discharging Circuit, Equalization Control Method and Apparatus, Electronic Device, Storage Medium”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

This application relates to the field of charging and discharging technology, and in particular to a charging and discharging circuit, an equalization control method and device, an electronic device, and a storage medium.

Background Technology

The statements herein are provided only as background information in connection with this application and do not necessarily constitute exemplary technology.

With the application of foldable screen phones, tablets, and other devices, new requirements have been placed on battery shape design. In order to ensure balanced charging and discharging of the two cells, the traditional dual-cell series connection method usually requires that the two cells have the same parameters such as size, capacity, and voltage.

However, the fact that these series-connected batteries are basically centrally symmetrical in shape limits their application in mobile phones and other terminals.

Summary of the Invention

According to various embodiments of this application, a charging and discharging circuit, a balancing control method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium can achieve balanced charging and discharging control based on batteries with unequal capacities, thus broadening the application of batteries with unequal capacities in electronic devices.

The first aspect of this application provides a charging and discharging circuit, comprising:

Multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module. The multiple batteries include a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to an equivalent circuit, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The charging module is used to charge the multiple batteries.

A transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils, wherein the first coil is coupled to several second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal.

A first equalization circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first equalization circuit is respectively connected to the charging module, the positive terminal of the first battery, and the load, and the two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil.

A plurality of second equalization circuits, wherein the two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two terminals of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two terminals of a second coil.

The first equalization circuit and the second equalization circuit are used to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range.

A second aspect of this application provides a charging and discharging circuit, comprising:

Multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries;

A transformer circuit includes a first coil and a plurality of second coils, wherein the first coil is coupled to the plurality of second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal.

A first equalization circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first equalization circuit is connected to the charging module, and two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil.

Multiple second equalization circuits, wherein the two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil.

The first equalization circuit and the second equalization circuit are used to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range.

A third aspect of this application provides a method for equalization control of a charging and discharging circuit, comprising:

The system acquires capacity information and status information during charging or discharging of multiple batteries connected in series. The multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries.

Based on the capacity information and the status information, the first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range.

The plurality of batteries includes a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to the equivalent terminal, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils. The first coil is coupled to the several second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of the first equalization circuit is used to be connected to the charging module and the positive terminal of the first battery, respectively. The two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. The two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second battery, respectively. The two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil.

A fourth aspect of this application provides an equalization control device for a charging and discharging circuit, comprising:

An acquisition module is used to acquire capacity information and status information during charging or discharging of multiple batteries connected in series. The multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries.

The control module is used to control the first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit according to the capacity information and the status information, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range.

The plurality of batteries includes a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to the equivalent terminal, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils. The first coil is coupled to the several second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of the first equalization circuit is connected to the charging module and the positive terminal of the first battery, and the two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. The two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil.

The fifth aspect of this application provides an electronic device, comprising:

Load; and

The charging and discharging circuit described above.

The sixth aspect of this application provides an electronic device, comprising:

load;

and the charging and discharging circuit as described above; and

A memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the equalization control method as described above.

A seventh aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the equalization control method described above.

Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description. Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become apparent from the specification, drawings, and claims.

Attached Figure Description

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to one embodiment;

Figure 2 is a second structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 7 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 8 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 10 is an eleventh structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 11 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 12 is a structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment, number thirteen.

Figure 13 is a fourteenth structural block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 14 is a block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment, number fifteen.

Figure 15 is a block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 16 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a charge-discharge circuit equalization control method;

Figure 17 is a structural block diagram of an equalization control device for a charging and discharging circuit according to an embodiment;

Figure 18 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device in one embodiment.

Detailed Implementation

To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

It should be noted that when a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

The charging and discharging circuits, equalization control methods and devices, and storage media involved in the embodiments of this application can be applied to electronic devices with charging and discharging functions. These electronic devices can be handheld devices, in-vehicle devices, smart cars, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (UE) (e.g., mobile phones), mobile stations (MS), etc. For ease of description, the devices mentioned above are collectively referred to as electronic devices.

This application provides a charging and discharging circuit, as shown in FIG1, including multiple batteries connected in series, a transformer circuit 100, a first equalization circuit 200 and several second equalization circuits 300 (FIG1 is illustrated with two batteries, one first equalization circuit 200 and one second equalization circuit 300 as an example, the two batteries are battery B1 and battery B2).

Multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module 400. The multiple batteries include a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to an equivalent circuit, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module 400 through several second batteries. The charging module 400 is used to charge the multiple batteries. A transformer circuit 100 includes a first coil and several second coils. The first coil is coupled to the several second coils. The transformer circuit 100 is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of a first equalization circuit 200 is used to connect to the charging module 400, the positive terminal of the first battery, and the load, respectively. The two second terminals of the first equalization circuit 200 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. The two first terminals of each second equalization circuit 300 are respectively connected to the two ends of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit 300 are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil. The first equalization circuit 200 and the second equalization circuit 300 are used to jointly adjust the current of the equalization branch between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit 100, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range.

In this configuration, multiple batteries are connected in series to a charging module 400, and each battery can receive the charging current output by the charging module 400. The multiple batteries include a first battery and a second battery. The first battery can be understood as the battery closest to the equivalent ground terminal (e.g., referring to B2 in Figure 1), and the second battery can be understood as several batteries close to the charging module 400 (e.g., referring to B1 in Figure 1). The first battery is connected to the charging module 400 through series connection with the second battery, and the second battery is connected to the equivalent ground terminal through series connection with the first battery. Optionally, each battery can be a single-cell battery, a multi-cell battery connected in series, or a multi-cell battery connected in series. Each battery supports power supply to a load, which can be a processor, display screen, or other device inside an electronic device that requires electrical energy; this embodiment does not limit this.

The input terminal of the charging module 400 is used to connect to an external power source. This external power source can be one that directly outputs a voltage compatible with the battery's charging voltage requirements; or it can be one whose output voltage does not meet the battery's charging voltage requirements. In this case, the charging module 400 can convert the incompatible output voltage before charging the battery. The connection between the charging module 400 and the external power source depends on the battery's compatible charging voltage and the voltage provided by the external power source. For example, if the charging module 400 requires a 5V DC input voltage, and the external power source provides a 220V AC voltage, the input terminal of the charging module 400 is connected to the external power source. The charging module 400 converts the 220V AC voltage to generate a 5V DC voltage, which is then applied to the battery. When the external power source provides a 5V DC voltage, the charging module 400 can directly transmit the output voltage of the external power source to the battery.

In this transformer circuit 100, the first coil can be coupled to several second coils. The first coil can switch between primary and secondary coils, and the second coils can also switch between primary and secondary coils. For example, when the first coil receives an electrical signal, the first coil is the input terminal relative to the second coil, and the second coil is the output terminal relative to the first coil. The first coil acts as the primary coil, and the second coil acts as the secondary coil. The coupling between the first coil and the second coil causes the second coil to generate a corresponding electrical signal, thus realizing the voltage transformation of the transformer circuit 100. Conversely, when the second coil receives an electrical signal, the first coil is the output terminal relative to the second coil, and the second coil is the input terminal relative to the first coil. The second coil acts as the primary coil, and the first coil acts as the secondary coil. The coupling between the second coil and the first coil causes the first coil to generate a corresponding electrical signal, thus realizing the voltage transformation of the transformer circuit 100. It is understood that the electrical signal can be the discharge voltage or discharge current from the battery, or the charging voltage or charging current from the charging module 400; this embodiment does not limit this. It is understandable that the turns ratio of the first coil and the second coil can be adjusted according to the actual required step-up/step-down ratio, and can also be adjusted according to the composition of the number of batteries. For example, as shown in Figure 1, when the first battery and the second battery are each one battery, the turns ratio of the transformer circuit 100 is 1:1. When the number of the first battery is 1 and the second battery includes N series batteries, as shown in Figure 2 (Figure 2 takes the second battery including N series batteries as an example), it is only necessary to change the transformer turns ratio to N:1 to achieve the actual step-up/step-down ratio.

The transformer circuit 100 assists the first equalization circuit 200 and the second equalization circuit 300 to achieve bidirectional equalization adjustment and simplify the path. On the other hand, it enables the input and output of electrical signals to be grounded separately, improving the flexibility and isolation of the connection between the two ends, increasing the withstand voltage, and ensuring that even if the external power supply provides a higher voltage electrical signal, it will not affect the circuit on the output side, avoiding the risk of failure and improving the reliability of the charging and discharging circuit. At the same time, it can also realize soft switching function and improve efficiency.

The first equalization circuit 200 is connected to the charging module 400 and the two ends of the positive first coil of the first battery, respectively. The first equalization circuit 200 can support the transmission of electrical signals from the charging module 400 to the first battery, or the transmission of electrical signals from the first battery to the second battery through the coupling of the first coil and the second coil of the transformer circuit 100. It can also transmit electrical signals from the first battery to the second battery through the coupling of the first coil and the second coil of the transformer circuit 100, or transmit electrical signals from the second battery to the first battery through the coupling of the first coil and the second coil of the transformer circuit 100, so as to realize bidirectional electrical signal transmission and regulation, and make the voltage difference of multiple batteries within a preset range. The second equalization circuit 300 is connected to the second battery and the second coil respectively. The second equalization circuit 300 can support the transmission of the electrical signal output from the second battery to the first equalization circuit 200 through the coupling of the second coil and the first coil of the transformer circuit 100, and then to the first battery through the first equalization circuit 200. It can also transmit the electrical signal from the first battery to the second battery through the coupling of the second coil and the first coil of the transformer circuit 100, so as to realize bidirectional electrical signal transmission and regulation, and make the voltage difference of multiple batteries within a preset range.

It is understandable that when there are multiple second batteries connected in series, the first equalization circuit 200, the transformer circuit 100, and the second equalization circuit 300 can respectively achieve isolated transmission of electrical signals between different second batteries. It is also understandable that adjusting the electrical signals, such as adjusting the equalization branch current, can include adjusting the direction and/or value of the equalization current. Adjusting the direction can be from the first coil to the second coil, from the second coil to the first coil, from the first battery to the second battery, or from the second battery to the first battery, etc.; adjusting the current value can be increasing or decreasing the equalization current value.

The preset range refers to the allowable voltage difference range between batteries that can suppress capacity loss between series-connected batteries during charging and discharging. Optionally, the preset range can be a voltage difference approaching or equal to 0. It can be understood that when the voltage difference between multiple batteries is within this preset range, balanced charging and discharging can be achieved.

In related technologies, series-connected multiple batteries typically require identical dimensions, capacities, and voltages to ensure balanced charging and discharging among them. When these parameters differ, such as varying capacities, some batteries may not fully charge or discharge, leading to uneven charging and discharging, capacity loss, and increased temperature, thus accelerating battery degradation. Other related technologies may use parallel connections of multiple batteries with different capacities but equal voltages for charging; however, this method suffers from drawbacks such as high charging current, significant heat generation, and limitations in achieving high charging power.

In this embodiment, the multiple batteries connected in series are not limited to having the same size, capacity, voltage, and other parameters, which is beneficial for achieving battery placement in irregular spaces and improving battery performance in multiple dimensions. When the capacity and/or voltage are different, the current of the balancing branch between each battery and the load can be bidirectionally adjusted by the transformer circuit 100, the first balancing circuit 200, and several second balancing circuits 300, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range, achieving balanced charging and discharging. This can suppress the charging and discharging mode that reduces capacity loss between the series-connected batteries, allowing multiple batteries to be fully charged and discharged simultaneously, or nearly fully charged and discharged simultaneously, improving the application of series-connected multiple batteries in electronic devices, accommodating higher charging power, and providing users with a better charging and discharging experience.

In one embodiment, the multiple batteries include a first capacity battery and a second capacity battery, the capacity of the first capacity battery being different from that of the second capacity battery; during charging, the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery are charged in series. When the voltage difference between the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery is greater than a first threshold, the second equalization circuit 300 and the first equalization circuit 200 connected to the first capacity battery or the second capacity battery jointly adjust the current of the equalization branch, so as to output the current to the small voltage battery in the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery, so that the voltage difference between the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery is within a preset range.

In this context, the balancing branch containing the first balancing circuit can be understood as a branch circuit between the battery and the load; similarly, the balancing branch containing the second balancing circuit can also be understood as a branch circuit between the battery and the load. Series charging can be understood as the charging module 400 charging other batteries through a battery directly connected to it. Since the first and second capacity batteries have different capacities, under the same charging current, the voltage rise rates of the two batteries will differ due to the different capacities. The smaller capacity battery will rise faster than the larger capacity battery, creating a voltage difference between them. If the first and second capacity batteries continue to be charged with the same current, the voltage difference will increase, eventually preventing both batteries from being fully charged simultaneously. The first threshold can be understood as the voltage threshold at which both batteries cannot be fully charged simultaneously.

To prevent the voltage difference between the two batteries from increasing and causing them to fail to charge simultaneously, this embodiment uses the second equalization circuit 300 and the first equalization circuit 200 connected to the equalization branch of either the first or second capacity battery to jointly adjust the current in the equalization branch. This adjusts the charging status of the batteries by equalizing the current, thereby regulating the relationship between the charging current of the larger capacity battery and the smaller capacity battery. This ensures that the charging current of the smaller capacity battery is less than that of the larger capacity battery, keeping the voltage difference between the first and second capacity batteries within a preset range.

In one embodiment, the first capacity is less than the second capacity, and the voltage of the first capacity battery is greater than the voltage of the second capacity battery. The second equalization circuit 300 connected to the first capacity battery is used to control the current of the equalization branch to flow to the first equalization circuit 200 after being transformed by the transformer circuit. The first equalization circuit 200 is used to rectify the current from the first capacity battery and output it to the second capacity battery.

In this embodiment, the voltage rise rate of the first capacity battery is greater than that of the second capacity battery, resulting in a voltage difference between the two batteries. The second equalization circuit 300, connected to the first capacity battery, controls the current in its equalization branch to flow through a transformer circuit to the first equalization circuit 200. The first equalization circuit 200 rectifies the current from the first capacity battery and outputs it to the second capacity battery, thereby transferring electrical energy from the first capacity battery to the second capacity battery and achieving charging balance between the two batteries.

It can be understood that the second equalization circuit 300, as the main control circuit at the input end in this embodiment, can be understood as an inverter circuit, controlling the direction and magnitude of the current flow. The first equalization circuit 200, as the output circuit, can be understood as a rectifier circuit, rectifying the received signal. Optionally, the charging and discharging circuit can be equipped with corresponding battery voltage detection devices to determine the voltage information of each battery by detecting the battery voltage. It should be noted that in other embodiments, when the second equalization circuit 300 is the main control circuit, it can also only realize the adjustment of the current flow direction, with the auxiliary devices inside the first equalization circuit 200 assisting in adjusting the current magnitude. The optional embodiments can be referred to the relevant descriptions below, which will not be repeated here.

Referring to Figure 3, taking two batteries as an example, assuming that the capacity of battery B1 is less than that of battery B2, under normal circumstances, the voltage increment of battery B1 is higher than that of battery B2. The charging current flow is shown in Figure 3. During the charging process, if it is detected that the voltage of battery B1 is greater than the voltage of battery B2 than the first threshold, the second equalization circuit 300 actively controls the inverter circuit as the input terminal (P terminal in the figure), and the first equalization circuit 200 as the output terminal (S terminal in the figure) rectifier circuit. The current flows from the P terminal to the S terminal, realizing the voltage balance between battery B1 and battery B2.

In one embodiment, the first capacity is greater than the second capacity, and the voltage of the first capacity battery is less than the voltage of the second capacity battery; the first equalization circuit 200 is used to control the current from the second capacity battery in its equalization branch to flow to the second equalization circuit 300 connected to the first capacity battery after being transformed by the transformer circuit; the second equalization circuit 300 connected to the first capacity battery is used to receive the current output from the second capacity battery through the transformer circuit 100, and to output the received current to the first capacity battery after rectification.

In this embodiment, the voltage rise rate of the first capacity battery is slower than that of the second capacity battery, resulting in a voltage difference between the two batteries. The first equalization circuit 200 controls the current from the second capacity battery in its equalization branch to flow to the second equalization circuit 300 connected to the first capacity battery after being transformed by a transformer circuit. The first equalization circuit 200 rectifies the current from the second capacity battery and outputs it to the first capacity battery, thereby transferring electrical energy from the second capacity battery to the first capacity battery and achieving charging balance between the two batteries.

It can be understood that the first equalization circuit 200, as the main control circuit at the input end in this embodiment, can be understood as an inverter circuit that controls the direction and magnitude of the current flow, while the second equalization circuit 300, as the output circuit, can be understood as a rectifier circuit that rectifies the received signal.

Referring to Figure 4, taking two batteries as an example, assuming that the capacity of battery B1 is greater than that of battery B2, under normal circumstances, the voltage increment of battery B2 is higher than that of battery B1. The charging current flow is shown in Figure 4. During the charging process, if it is detected that the voltage of battery B2 is greater than that of battery B1 than the first threshold, the first equalization circuit 200 actively controls the inverter circuit as the input terminal (S terminal in the figure), and the second equalization circuit 300 as the output terminal (P terminal in the figure) rectifier circuit. The current flows from the S terminal to the P terminal, realizing the voltage balance between battery B1 and battery B2.

In one embodiment, during the charging process, multiple batteries are charged in parallel, and the charging module 400 supplies power to the first equalization circuit 200 and the first battery. The first equalization circuit 200 is used to adjust the current from the charging module 400 in its equalization branch, and control the current to flow to the second equalization circuit 300 connected to each second battery after being transformed by the transformer circuit. The second equalization circuit 300 connected to each second battery is used to receive the current output from the charging module 400 through the transformer circuit 100, and to output the received current to each second battery after rectification.

Parallel charging can be understood as the charging module 400 directly charging the first battery, and charging the second batteries through the first equalization circuit 200 and each of the second equalization circuits 300. In this embodiment, the first equalization circuit 200 acts as the main control circuit, adjusting the current from the charging module 400 in its equalization branch and controlling the current to flow to the corresponding second equalization circuit 300 after being transformed by the transformer circuit. The second equalization circuit 300 acts as a rectifier circuit, receiving the current output from the charging module 400 through the transformer circuit 100, rectifying the received current, and then outputting it to each second battery. When multiple batteries are charged in parallel, the charging current of the first battery is determined by the difference between the total charging current and the current in the equalization branch of each second battery. The current in the equalization branch of each second battery is determined by the first equalization circuit 200. Thus, charging balance among the batteries can be achieved through the combined adjustment of the first equalization circuit 200 and the second equalization circuit 300.

Referring to Figure 5, taking two batteries as an example, assuming that batteries B1 and B2 are charged in parallel, under normal circumstances, the first equalization circuit 200 controls the direction of the charging current of the charging module 400 to flow from the S end to the P end. The magnitude of the current entering battery B1 can be determined by the first equalization circuit 200. When the voltage of battery B1 is fully charged, the first equalization circuit 200 and the second equalization circuit 300 stop working. The charging current of B2 is determined by the difference between the total charging current and the current in the equalization branch where battery B1 is located.

In one embodiment, when the first battery supplies power to the load and the voltage of the first battery is less than the voltage of the second battery and the voltage difference is greater than a second threshold, the second equalization circuit 300 connected to the second battery controls the current from the second battery in the equalization branch to flow to the first equalization circuit 200 after being transformed by the transformer circuit, so as to supply power to the load through the first equalization circuit 200, so that the voltage difference between the first battery and the second battery is within a preset range.

In this embodiment, each of the multiple batteries supports power supply to the load. The first battery directly supplies power to the load, improving power supply efficiency and reducing costs. When the first battery continuously supplies power to the load, causing its voltage to be lower than the voltage of the second battery and the voltage difference to exceed a second threshold, an imbalance in discharge between the first and second batteries will occur. To prevent the voltage difference between the two batteries from widening and ultimately preventing both batteries from discharging simultaneously, the second balancing circuit 300 connected to the second battery adjusts the current in its balancing branch based on the voltage and voltage difference between the first and second batteries. This balancing current adjusts the battery discharge, regulating the relationship between the discharge current of the second battery and the first battery, ensuring that the discharge current of the second battery is greater than that of the first battery, thus achieving discharge balance between the first and second batteries.

Referring to Figure 6, taking two batteries as an example, during discharge, battery B2 mainly supplies power to system VSYS. When the voltage of battery B2 is lower than the voltage of battery B1 by a certain value, the second equalization circuit 300 controls the current in the branch to flow from the P terminal to the S terminal. Furthermore, the current magnitude can be limited by the first equalization circuit 200 based on the voltage difference between the two batteries. When the voltage of battery B1 is lower than the voltage of battery B2 by a certain value, current equalization stops.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG7, the first equalization circuit 200 includes a first resonant module 210 and a first switching module 220.

The first resonant module 210 has two first terminals, which are respectively the two second terminals of the first equalization circuit 200. The first resonant module 210 is used to generate an alternating electromagnetic field through resonance. The first switch module 220 has a first terminal, which is a first terminal of the first equalization circuit 200. The second and third terminals of the first switch module 220 are respectively connected to the two second terminals of the first resonant module 210. The first switch module 220 includes a first set of switch units and a second set of switch units. The first set of switch units and the second set of switch units are alternately turned on to perform inversion processing on the received electrical signal, so that the first resonant module 210 converts the received DC signal into an AC signal, or performs rectification processing on the received current. When the first set of switch units is in the on state, the first terminal of the first resonant module 210 is connected to the first terminal of the first switch module 220. When the second set of switch units is in the on state, the first terminal of the first resonant module 210 is connected to the equivalent ground.

The first resonant module 210 generates an alternating electromagnetic field through resonance, causing the first coil and the second coil to couple and generate electromagnetic induction, thereby achieving voltage transformation. It can be understood that the resonant frequency of the first resonant module 210 corresponds to the output state of the transformer circuit 100. The first and second sets of switching units alternately conduct, causing the first resonant module 210 to generate an alternating electromagnetic field and adjust the resonant frequency based on the switching frequency, thereby further adjusting the output state of the transformer voltage. When the first set of switching units is in the conducting state, the first terminal of the first resonant module 210 is connected to the first terminal of the first switching module 220. When the first equalization circuit 200 is used as an input inverter circuit, the first resonant module 210 receives a positive power supply signal through this first terminal. When the second set of switching units is in the conducting state, the first terminal of the first resonant module 210 is connected to the equivalent ground, and the first resonant module 210 receives a negative power supply signal through this first terminal. By alternately turning on the first and second sets of switching units, the first resonant module 210 is placed in different resonant states. This allows the first equalization circuit 200 to have an inverter function when used as the input main control circuit and a rectification function when used as the output circuit. It can be understood that the switching frequency and duty cycle of the first switching module 220 are determined based on the resonant frequency of the first resonant module 210, which in turn is determined based on the output voltage of the transformer circuit 100. By adjusting the switching frequency of the first switching module 220 and the duty cycle of the first and second sets of switching units, gain adjustment and current limiting control functions can be achieved.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG8, the first equalization circuit 200 further includes an equalization adjustment module 230.

The equalization adjustment module 230 has one end connected to the first end of the first equalization circuit 200, and the other end connected to the charging module 400 and the load, respectively. It is used to adjust the current in the equalization branch of the first equalization circuit 200. By adjusting the current in the equalization branch, the charging and discharging speeds of each battery can be adjusted, thereby assisting in the equalization adjustment function of the first equalization circuit 200.

In one embodiment, the equalization adjustment module 230 includes either a current limiting module or a voltage adjustment module. The current limiting module is used to limit the received current to a preset range; the voltage adjustment module is used to perform voltage regulation processing on the received electrical signal to adjust the current in the equalization branch where the first equalization circuit 200 is located.

The current limiting module performs current limiting processing on the received electrical signal. Current limiting can be understood as reducing the current so that the output current of the current limiting module is less than the input current, and the output current is within a preset range. This preset range can be determined based on the voltage difference and capacity of each battery. Thus, through the current limiting processing of the current limiting module, charge-discharge balancing can be achieved. Optionally, the current limiting module can be an integrated chip-type current limiting device, or it can be a circuit constructed from controllable discrete devices such as transistors, MOSFETs, and IGBTs. For example, it can be two PMOS transistors connected back-to-back, or it can use a mechanical physical structure or biochemical container that can achieve the same function. Optionally, after achieving charge-discharge balancing, the current limiting module can be short-circuited or otherwise stopped from limiting the current.

The voltage regulation module performs voltage regulation processing on the received electrical signal. For example, it can perform boost processing. When boost processing is configured to increase the extracted current, it can reduce the charging current flowing to the battery; when boost processing is configured to increase the module's output current, it can increase the charging current flowing to the battery. Conversely, it can perform buck processing. When buck processing is configured to decrease the extracted current, it can increase the charging current flowing to the battery; when buck processing is configured to decrease the module's output current, it can decrease the charging current flowing to the battery. The specific voltage regulation is determined based on the voltage difference and capacity of each battery. Therefore, through the voltage regulation processing of the voltage regulation module, the charging and discharging current can be more effectively, controllably, and precisely adjusted to achieve charging and discharging balance. Optionally, the voltage regulation module can be configured with a charging module (charger) that automatically switches charging states, such as a BUCK-BOOST circuit, to realize BUCK and BOOST switching functions. For example, during charging, when the voltage of B1 is higher than the voltage of B2 by a set value, the BUCK-BOOST circuit increases the current drawn by the first equalization circuit 200 by boosting the voltage, thereby reducing the current flowing to battery B1 and achieving charging balance between battery B2 and battery B1.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG9, the first resonant module 210 includes a first inductor Ls-r and a first capacitor Cs. One end of the first inductor Ls-r is connected to one end of the first coil, and the other end of the first inductor Ls-r is connected to the second terminal of the first switching module. One end of the first capacitor Cs is connected to the other end of the first coil, and the other end of the first capacitor Cs is connected to the third terminal of the first switching module 220. The first resonant module 210 achieves resonance on the first coil side by connecting the first inductor Ls-r and the first capacitor Cs in series with the first coil, thereby achieving optimal efficiency. It is understood that other devices may be included in other embodiments, and this application does not further limit them, as long as a resonant alternating electric field can be generated according to the resonant frequency.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG10, the first resonant module 210 further includes a first switch S1 connected in parallel with the first capacitor Cs. The first switch S1 is used to short-circuit the first capacitor Cs when current flows from the first equalization circuit 200 to the second equalization circuit 300. Specifically, when current flows from the first equalization circuit 200 to the second equalization circuit 300, the first switch S1 is turned on to short-circuit the first capacitor Cs. At this time, the first equalization circuit 200 acts as the main control circuit and has an inverter function. Because the first capacitor Cs is short-circuited, the original DCX topology composed of the first inductor Ls-r and the first capacitor Cs is changed to an LLC architecture, which can further improve the efficiency and controllability of gain adjustment and further improve the current limiting control function of the first equalization circuit 200.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the first group of switching units includes a first switching unit (e.g., M1 in the figure) and a fourth switching unit (e.g., M4 in the figure), and the second group of switching units includes a second switching unit (e.g., M2 in the figure) and a third switching unit (e.g., M3 in the figure). The connection relationship is shown in the figures. The first switching module 220 can be understood as a full-bridge topology circuit consisting of the first, second, third, and fourth switching units. The first and fourth switching units have the same on/off state, and the second and third switching units have the same on/off state. The first group of switching units composed of the first and fourth switching units and the second group of switching units composed of the second and third switching units alternately conduct within one charge/discharge time cycle according to the switching frequency, duty cycle, etc. The switching frequency, duty cycle, etc., are determined based on the resonant frequency of the first resonant module 210.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG11, the first group of switching units includes a first switching unit (e.g., M1 in the figure), and the second group of switching units includes a second switching unit (e.g., M2 in the figure). The connection relationship is shown in the figure. The first switching module 220 can be understood as a half-bridge topology circuit of the first switching unit and the second switching unit. The first switching unit and the second switching unit alternately conduct according to the switching frequency, duty cycle, etc. within one charge and discharge time cycle. The switching frequency, duty cycle, etc. are determined based on the resonant frequency of the first resonant module 210.

It is understood that in other embodiments, the first switching module 220 may also include other numbers of switching units, which will not be described in detail in this application; optionally, the number of switching units in the first switching module 220 may be even, and the first group of switching units and the second group of switching units may include the same number of switching units. Optionally, each switching unit may be a switching transistor such as MOSFET, GaN, SiC, etc., and may also include a switching transistor, diode and capacitor connected in parallel, wherein the switching transistor and diode may be set separately, or they may be integrated together, which is not limited in this application embodiment.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, each second equalization circuit 300 includes: a second resonant module 310 and a second switching module 320.

The second resonant module 310 has two first terminals, which are respectively the two second terminals of the second equalization circuit 300. The second resonant module 310 is used to generate an alternating electromagnetic field through resonance. The second switch module 320 has one first terminal, which is a first terminal of the second equalization circuit 300. The second and third terminals of the second switch module 320 are respectively connected to the two second terminals of the second resonant module 310. The second switch module 320 includes a third set of switch units and a fourth set of switch units. The third set of switch units and the fourth set of switch units are alternately turned on to perform inversion processing on the received electrical signal, so that the second resonant module 310 converts the received DC signal into an AC signal, or performs rectification processing on the received current. When the third set of switch units is in the on state, the first terminal of the second resonant module 310 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module 320. When the fourth set of switch units is in the on state, the first terminal of the second resonant module 310 is connected to the equivalent ground.

The second resonant module 310 generates an alternating electromagnetic field through resonance, causing the second coil to couple with the first coil and generate electromagnetic induction, thereby achieving voltage transformation. It can be understood that the resonant frequency of the second resonant module 310 corresponds to the output state of the transformer circuit 100. The third and fourth sets of switching units alternately conduct, causing the second resonant module 310 to generate an alternating electromagnetic field and adjust the resonant frequency based on the switching frequency, thereby further adjusting the output state of the transformer voltage. When the third set of switching units is in the conducting state, the first terminal of the second resonant module 310 is connected to the first terminal of the second switching module 320. When the second equalization circuit 300 is used as an input inverter circuit, the second resonant module 310 receives a positive power supply signal through this first terminal. When the fourth set of switching units is in the conducting state, the first terminal of the second resonant module 310 is connected to the equivalent ground, and the second resonant module 310 receives a negative power supply signal through this first terminal. By alternately turning on the third and fourth sets of switching units, the second resonant module 310 is placed in different resonant states. This allows the second equalization circuit 300 to have an inverter function when used as the input main control circuit and a rectification function when used as the output circuit. It can be understood that the switching frequency and duty cycle of the second switching module 320 are determined based on the resonant frequency of the second resonant module 310, which in turn is determined based on the output voltage of the transformer circuit 100. By adjusting the switching frequency of the second switching module 320 and the duty cycle of the third and fourth sets of switching units, gain adjustment and current limiting control functions can be achieved.

In one embodiment, the second resonant module 310 includes a second inductor Lp-r and a second capacitor Cp. One end of the second inductor Lp-r is connected to one end of the second coil, and the other end of the second inductor Lp-r is connected to the second terminal of the first switch S1 circuit. One end of the second capacitor Cp is connected to the other end of the second coil, and the other end of the second capacitor Cp is connected to the third terminal of the second switch module 320. The second resonant module 310, through the second inductor Lp-r and the second capacitor Cp connected in series with the second coil, can achieve resonance on the second coil side, thereby achieving optimal efficiency. It is understood that other devices may be included in other embodiments, and this application does not further limit this, as long as it can generate a resonant alternating electric field according to the resonant frequency.

In one embodiment, the second resonant module 310 further includes a second switch S2 connected in parallel with the second capacitor Cp. The second switch S2 is used to short-circuit the second capacitor Cp when current flows from the second equalization circuit 300 to the first equalization circuit 200. Specifically, when current flows from the second equalization circuit 300 to the first equalization circuit 200, the second switch S2 is turned on to short-circuit the second capacitor Cp. At this time, the second equalization circuit 300 acts as the main control circuit and has an inverter function. Because the second capacitor Cp is short-circuited, the original DCX topology composed of the second inductor Lp-r and the second capacitor Cp is changed to an LLC architecture, which can further improve the efficiency and controllability of gain adjustment and further enhance the current limiting control function of the first equalization circuit 200.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the third set of switching units includes a first switching unit (Q1 in the figure) and a fourth switching unit (Q4 in the figure), and the fourth set of switching units includes a second switching unit (Q2 in the figure) and a third switching unit (Q3 in the figure). The connection relationship is shown in the figures. The second switching module 320 can be understood as a full-bridge topology circuit consisting of the first, second, third, and fourth switching units. The first and fourth switching units have the same on/off state, and the second and third switching units have the same on/off state. The third set of switching units composed of the first and fourth switching units and the fourth set of switching units composed of the second and third switching units alternately conduct according to the switching frequency, duty cycle, etc., within one charge/discharge time cycle. The switching frequency, duty cycle, etc., are determined based on the resonant frequency of the second resonant module 310.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG11, the third group of switching units includes the first switching unit (Q1 in FIG1), and the fourth group of switching units includes the second switching unit (Q2 in FIG2). The connection relationship is shown in the attached figure. The second switching module 320 can be understood as a half-bridge topology circuit of the first switching unit and the second switching unit. The first switching unit and the second switching unit alternately conduct according to the switching frequency, duty cycle, etc. within one charge and discharge time cycle. The switching frequency, duty cycle, etc. are determined based on the resonant frequency of the first resonant module 210.

It is understood that in other embodiments, the second switching module 320 may also include other numbers of switching units, which will not be described in detail in this application; optionally, the number of switching units in the second switching module 320 may be even, and the third group of switching units and the fourth group of switching units may include the same number of switching units. Optionally, each switching unit may be a switching transistor such as MOSFET, GaN, SiC, etc., and may also include a switching transistor, diode and capacitor connected in parallel, wherein the switching transistor and diode may be set separately, or they may be integrated together, which is not limited in this application embodiment.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG12, the charging module 400 includes: a first charging channel 410 and a second charging channel 420.

The first end of the first charging channel 410 is connected to a power source (VCHG), the second end of the first charging channel 410 is connected to multiple batteries, and the second end of the second charging channel 420 is connected to a first end of the first equalization circuit 200. The charging parameters of the first charging channel 410 and the second charging channel 420 are different. When the charging module 400 supplies power to multiple batteries through the first charging channel 410, the multiple batteries are charged in series. When the charging module 400 supplies power to multiple batteries through the second charging channel 420, the multiple batteries are charged in parallel.

The charging parameters of the first charging channel 410 and the second charging channel 420 are different, thus allowing for the selection of charging channels to match different charging needs. For example, the first charging channel 410 can be a fast charging channel, and the second charging channel 420 can be a normal charging channel. The charging power of the normal charging channel is lower than that of the fast charging channel. The charging power of different channels can be adjusted according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations. For example, the first charging channel 410 can be a high-voltage fast charging channel, and the second charging channel 420 can be a low-voltage fast charging channel. The charging voltage of the low-voltage fast charging channel is lower than that of the high-voltage fast charging channel. The charging voltage of different channels can be adjusted according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations. It is understood that the number of each of the first charging channel 410 and the second charging channel 420 is not limited to one, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

The first charging channel 410 is connected to a power source and multiple batteries. When the charging module 400 supplies power to the multiple batteries through the first charging channel 410, the batteries are charged in series. The second charging channel 420 is connected to a power source and a first equalization circuit 200. When the charging module 400 supplies power to the first equalization circuit 200 through the second charging channel 420, the first equalization circuit 200 can supply power to the multiple batteries in parallel. Thus, by switching the charging channels, not only can different charging parameters be achieved to match different power supply needs, but also different charging states of multiple batteries can be realized, improving charging flexibility.

In one embodiment, the second charging channel 420 includes a low-voltage fast charging channel and a normal charging channel connected in parallel. The charging speed of the low-voltage fast charging channel is greater than that of the normal charging channel, and the charging voltage of the low-voltage fast charging channel is lower than that of the normal charging channel. By supplying power to multiple batteries through different charging channels, charging flexibility can be improved, adapting to more scenarios with varying power supply needs.

Optionally, the ordinary charging channel can be integrated with the discharge channels between multiple batteries and the load in a path-managed Charger (which can be understood as a path-selectable charging module). When multiple batteries need to be charged through the ordinary charging channel, the path-managed Charger can connect the first equalization circuit 200 with the ordinary charging channel; when multiple batteries need to supply power to the load, the path-managed Charger can connect the first equalization circuit 200 with the load and the first battery with the load.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG13, the charging module 400 further includes a plurality of third switch modules 430.

Each third switch module 430 is connected to the positive terminal of a second battery. Each third switch module 430 is used to turn on and off the connection between the corresponding second battery and the first charging channel 410. Specifically, when the third switch module 430 connected to the first second battery is turned on, the charging module 400 can charge the other batteries through the first second battery. When there are three or more batteries, when the switch module connected to any other battery between the first and second batteries is turned on, the charging module 400 can charge the battery between its negative terminal and equivalent ground terminal through the battery connected to that third switch module 430. Therefore, the switch modules can selectively charge target batteries, improving charging efficiency and reducing the charging voltage required by the charging module 400. The target battery can be determined based on its power supply requirements, the voltage that the power supply can provide, and the current charging voltage of the charging module 400. Optionally, the third switch module 430 can be a switching device such as a MOSFET.

Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the charging and discharging circuit may further include a driving circuit. The driving circuit is used to control the operating state of the first equalization circuit 200 and the second equalization circuit 300 according to the state information and capacity of multiple batteries. Further optionally, it may also control the on/off state of the third switch module 430 involved in the above embodiments. The state information of multiple batteries may include the voltage, current, charging power, temperature, capacitance, etc., at each battery terminal, and this application embodiment does not limit this. Optionally, as shown in FIG14, the charging and discharging circuit may be equipped with corresponding detection devices to detect the voltage, current, charging power, temperature, capacitance, etc. of the batteries and determine the state information of multiple batteries.

The driving circuit generates corresponding driving signals based on the state information of each battery. These driving signals contain parameters such as switching frequency and duty cycle. This allows the switching units to switch on and off based on the state information of each battery, thereby controlling the operating states of the first equalization circuit 200, the second equalization circuit 300, and the third switching module 430. This ensures the voltage difference between the multiple batteries remains within a preset range, achieving balanced charging and discharging of all batteries. For details on how to determine the voltage based on the state information and capacity of multiple batteries, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments; they will not be repeated here. Further, optionally, the driving circuit can also control the switching of each charging channel in the charging module 400 to achieve switching between series and parallel charging of multiple batteries.

This application embodiment also provides a charging and discharging circuit, as shown in FIG15, including multiple batteries connected in series, a transformer circuit 100, a first equalization circuit 200 and multiple second equalization circuits 300. The number of second equalization circuits 300 is the same as the number of batteries (FIG15 is illustrated with two batteries, one first equalization circuit 200 and two second equalization circuits 300 as an example, the two batteries are battery B1 and battery B2 respectively).

Multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module 400, which charges the batteries. A transformer circuit 100 includes a first coil and multiple second coils, which are coupled together. The transformer circuit 100 is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of a first equalization circuit 200 is connected to the charging module 400, and two second terminals of the first equalization circuit 200 are connected to the two ends of the first coil. Two first terminals of each second equalization circuit 300 are connected to the two ends of a battery, and two second terminals of each second equalization circuit 300 are connected to the two ends of a second coil. The first equalization circuit 200 and the second equalization circuit 300 are used together by the transformer circuit 100 to adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range.

Each battery is connected to a corresponding second equalization circuit 300. Each battery can achieve energy transfer during the charging and discharging process through the second equalization circuit 300, the transformer circuit 100, and the first equalization circuit 200, thereby achieving voltage equalization during the charging and discharging process. Specific descriptions of the battery, transformer circuit 100, first equalization circuit 200, and second equalization circuit 300 in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

The charging and discharging circuit provided in this embodiment does not limit the number of batteries connected in series to have the same size, capacity, voltage, or other parameters. This is beneficial for achieving battery placement in irregularly shaped spaces and improving the multi-dimensional performance of batteries. When the capacity and/or voltage are different, the current between each battery and the load can be bidirectionally adjusted through the transformer circuit 100, the first equalization circuit 200, and several second equalization circuits 300 to keep the voltage difference between the multiple batteries within a preset range, thereby achieving balanced charging and discharging. This can suppress the charging and discharging method that reduces capacity loss between the series-connected batteries, allowing multiple batteries to be fully charged and discharged simultaneously, or nearly fully charged and discharged simultaneously. This improves the application of series-connected multi-battery systems in electronic devices, allows for higher charging power, and provides users with a better charging and discharging experience.

Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an equalization control method and equalization control device for the charging and discharging circuit of the above embodiments. The solution provided by the method and device is similar to the solution described in the charging and discharging circuit and driving circuit above. Therefore, the specific limitations in the equalization control method and device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the charging and discharging circuit and driving circuit above, and will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG16, a method for equalization control of a charging and discharging circuit is provided, including: step 162 and step 164.

Step 162: Obtain the capacity information and status information of the multiple batteries connected in series during charging or discharging. The multiple batteries connected in series are connected to the charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries.

Step 164: Based on the capacity information and status information, control the first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits to jointly adjust the current of the equalization branch between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of multiple batteries is within a preset range.

The system comprises multiple batteries, including a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to an equivalent ground, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils, with the first coil coupled to the several second coils. The transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of the first equalization circuit is used to connect to the charging module and the positive terminal of the first battery, respectively. The two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. The two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil.

The equalization control method for the charging and discharging circuit provided in this embodiment obtains the capacity information and state information of multiple batteries connected in series during the charging or discharging process. Based on the capacity information and state information, it controls a first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits to jointly adjust the current of the equalization branch between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through a transformer circuit. This ensures that the voltage difference between the multiple batteries is within a preset range, thereby achieving equal charging and discharging. This suppresses the charging and discharging mode that causes capacity loss between batteries connected in series, allowing multiple batteries to be fully charged and discharged simultaneously, or nearly fully charged and discharged simultaneously. This improves the application of multi-cell batteries connected in series in electronic devices, allows for higher charging power, and provides users with a better charging and discharging experience.

It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG17, a charging and discharging circuit equalization control device is provided, including: an acquisition module 172 and a control module 174.

The acquisition module 172 is used to acquire the capacity information and status information of multiple batteries connected in series during charging or discharging. The multiple batteries connected in series are connected to the charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries.

The control module 174 is used to control the first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit according to the capacity information and status information, so that the voltage difference of multiple batteries is within a preset range.

The system comprises multiple batteries, including a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to an equivalent ground, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils, with the first coil coupled to the several second coils. The transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of the first equalization circuit is connected to the charging module and the positive terminal of the first battery, respectively, and the two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. The two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil.

The equalization control device for the charging and discharging circuit provided in this embodiment acquires the capacity information and status information of multiple batteries connected in series through the acquisition module 172. The control module 174 controls the first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of multiple batteries is within a preset range. This can achieve equal charging and discharging, thereby suppressing the charging and discharging mode of capacity loss between series-connected batteries. It allows multiple batteries to be fully charged and discharged at the same time, or close to being fully charged and discharged at the same time, improving the application of series-connected multiple batteries in electronic devices, accommodating higher charging power, and providing users with a better charging and discharging experience.

This application also provides an electronic device, including: a load and a charging and discharging circuit as described in any one or a combination of the above embodiments. Based on the charging and discharging circuits of the above embodiments, the electronic device can balance the charging and discharging speeds of batteries with different capacities, ensuring simultaneous full charging or discharging. This maximizes the utilization of the structural space of devices with foldable screens or irregularly shaped battery compartments, increasing the battery capacity of the terminal device and thus improving its battery life.

This application also provides an electronic device, including: a load; a charging and discharging circuit as described in any one or a combination of the above embodiments; and a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the equalization control method as described in the above embodiments. Based on the charging and discharging circuit and equalization control method of the above embodiments, the electronic device can balance the charging and discharging speeds of batteries with different capacities, ensuring that they are fully charged or discharged simultaneously. This maximizes the use of the structural space of devices with foldable screens or irregularly shaped battery compartments, increases the battery capacity of the terminal device, and thus improves the device's battery life.

Optionally, as shown in Figure 18, the electronic device further includes a network interface connected to the processor and memory via a system bus. The processor of the electronic device provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of the electronic device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the electronic device is used to communicate with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a communication control method. It is understood that the structure shown in Figure 18 is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device to which the present application is applied. Specific electronic devices may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the selection method as described in the above embodiments, and/or the steps of the equalization control method as described in the above embodiments.

This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the equalization control method as described in the above embodiments.

Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in this application may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Suitable non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RM), which is used as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RM is available in a variety of forms, such as static RM (SRM), dynamic RM (DRM), synchronous DRM (SDRM), dual data rate SDRM (DDR SDRM), enhanced SDRM (ESDRM), synchronous link DRM (SLDRM), ROMbus direct RM (RDRM), direct memory bus dynamic RM (DRDRM), and memory bus dynamic RM (RDRM).

The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (23)

A charging and discharging circuit, comprising: Multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module. The multiple batteries include a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to an equivalent circuit, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The charging module is used to charge the multiple batteries. A transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils, wherein the first coil is coupled to several second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first equalization circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first equalization circuit is respectively connected to the charging module, the positive terminal of the first battery, and the load, and the two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. A plurality of second equalization circuits, wherein the two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two terminals of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two terminals of a second coil. The first equalization circuit and the second equalization circuit are used to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range. According to claim 1, the charging and discharging circuit includes a first capacity battery and a second capacity battery, wherein the capacity of the first capacity battery is different from the capacity of the second capacity battery. During the charging process, the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery are charged in series. When the voltage difference between the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery is greater than a first threshold, the second equalization circuit connected to the first capacity battery or the second capacity battery and the first equalization circuit together adjust the current of the equalization branch so as to output the current to the small voltage battery in the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery, so that the voltage difference between the first capacity battery and the second capacity battery is within a preset range. According to claim 2, the charging and discharging circuit is wherein the first capacity is less than the second capacity, and the voltage of the first capacity battery is greater than the voltage of the second capacity battery. The second equalization circuit connected to the first capacity battery is used to control the current of the equalization branch to flow to the first equalization circuit after being transformed by the transformer circuit. The first equalization circuit is used to rectify the current from the first capacity battery and output it to the second capacity battery. According to claim 2, the charging and discharging circuit is wherein the first capacity is greater than the second capacity, and the voltage of the first capacity battery is less than the voltage of the second capacity battery. The first equalization circuit is used to control the current from the second capacity battery in its equalization branch to flow to the second equalization circuit connected to the first capacity battery after being transformed by the transformer circuit; the second equalization circuit connected to the first capacity battery is used to receive the current output from the second capacity battery through the transformer circuit, and output the received current to the first capacity battery after rectification. According to the charging and discharging circuit of claim 1, during the charging process, the plurality of batteries are charged in parallel, and the charging module supplies power to the first equalization circuit and the first battery; The first equalization circuit is used to adjust the current from the charging module in its equalization branch, and control the current to flow to the second equalization circuit connected to each second battery after being transformed by the transformer circuit; the second equalization circuit connected to each second battery is used to receive the current output from the charging module through the transformer circuit, and output the received current to each second battery after rectification. According to the charging and discharging circuit of claim 1, when the first battery supplies power to the load, and the voltage of the first battery is less than the voltage of the second battery and the voltage difference is greater than a second threshold, the second equalization circuit connected to the second battery is used to control the current from the second battery in the equalization branch to flow to the first equalization circuit after being transformed by the transformer circuit, so as to supply power to the load through the first equalization circuit, so that the voltage difference between the first battery and the second battery is within a preset range. The charging and discharging circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the first equalization circuit comprises: The first resonant module, wherein the two first terminals of the first resonant circuit are respectively the two second terminals of the first equalization circuit, is used to generate an alternating electromagnetic field through resonance; The first switching module has a first terminal that is the first terminal of the first equalization circuit. The second and third terminals of the first switching module are respectively connected to the two second terminals of the first resonant module. The first switching module includes a first set of switching units and a second set of switching units. The first set of switching units and the second set of switching units are alternately turned on to perform inversion processing on the received electrical signal, so that the first resonant module converts the received DC signal into an AC signal or rectifies the received current. When the first set of switching units is in the ON state, the first terminal of the first resonant module is connected to the first terminal of the first switching module; when the second set of switching units is in the ON state, the first terminal of the first resonant module is connected to the equivalent ground. According to claim 7, the charging and discharging circuit, wherein the first equalization circuit further comprises: The equalization adjustment module has one end connected to the first end of the first equalization circuit, and the other end connected to the charging module and the load respectively. The equalization adjustment module is used to adjust the current of the equalization branch where the first equalization circuit is located. According to the charging and discharging circuit of claim 8, the equalization adjustment module includes either a current limiting module or a voltage adjustment module, wherein the current limiting module is used to limit the received current within a preset range; and the voltage adjustment module is used to perform voltage regulation processing on the received electrical signal to adjust the current in the equalization branch where the first equalization circuit is located. According to claim 7, the charging and discharging circuit, wherein the first resonant module comprises: A first inductor and a first capacitor, one end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the first coil, the other end of the first inductor is connected to the second end of the first switching module, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the first coil, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the third end of the first switching module. According to the charging and discharging circuit of claim 10, the first resonant module further includes: A first switch, connected in parallel with the first capacitor, is used to short-circuit the first capacitor when current flows from the first equalization circuit to the second equalization circuit. The charging and discharging circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein each of the second equalization circuits comprises: The second resonant module has two first terminals, which are respectively the two second terminals of the second equalization circuit. The second resonant module is used to generate an alternating electromagnetic field through resonance. The second switching module has a first terminal that is the first terminal of the second equalization circuit. The second and third terminals of the second switching module are respectively connected to the two second terminals of the second resonant module. The second switching module includes a third set of switching units and a fourth set of switching units. The third set of switching units and the fourth set of switching units are alternately turned on to perform inversion processing on the received electrical signal, so that the second resonant module converts the received DC signal into an AC signal or rectifies the received current. When the third set of switching units is in the on state, the first end of the second resonant module is connected to the first end of the second switching module; when the fourth set of switching units is in the on state, the first end of the second resonant module is connected to the equivalent ground. According to claim 12, the charging and discharging circuit, wherein the second resonant module comprises: The second inductor and the second capacitor are connected as follows: one end of the second inductor is connected to one end of the second coil, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the second terminal of the second switch module; one end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the second coil, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the third terminal of the second switch module. According to the charging and discharging circuit of claim 13, the second resonant module further includes: The second switch, which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor, is used to short-circuit the second capacitor when current flows from the second equalization circuit to the first equalization circuit. The charging and discharging circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the charging module comprises: A first charging channel and a second charging channel, wherein the first end of the first charging channel is connected to a power source, the second end of the first charging channel is connected to the plurality of batteries, and the second end of the second charging channel is connected to the first end of the first equalization circuit; the charging parameters of the first charging channel and the second charging channel are different. When the charging module supplies power to the plurality of batteries through the first charging channel, the plurality of batteries are charged in series; when the charging module supplies power to the plurality of batteries through the second charging channel, the plurality of batteries are charged in parallel. According to the charging and discharging circuit of claim 15, the charging module further includes: A plurality of third switch modules, each of which is connected to the positive terminal of a second battery, and each third switch module is used to turn on and off the connection between the corresponding second battery and the first charging channel. According to the charging and discharging circuit of claim 15, the second charging channel includes a low-voltage fast charging channel and a normal charging channel connected in parallel, wherein the charging speed of the low-voltage fast charging channel is greater than the charging speed of the normal charging channel, and the charging voltage of the low-voltage fast charging channel is less than the charging voltage of the normal charging channel. A charging and discharging circuit, comprising: Multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries; A transformer circuit includes a first coil and a plurality of second coils, wherein the first coil is coupled to the plurality of second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first equalization circuit, wherein a first terminal of the first equalization circuit is connected to the charging module, and two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. Multiple second equalization circuits, wherein the two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil. The first equalization circuit and the second equalization circuit are used to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range. A method for equalization control of a charging and discharging circuit, comprising: The system acquires capacity information and status information during charging or discharging of multiple batteries connected in series. The multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries. Based on the capacity information and the status information, the first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range. The plurality of batteries includes a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to an equivalent circuit, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils. The first coil is coupled to the several second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of the first equalization circuit is used to connect to the charging module, the positive terminal of the first battery, and the load, respectively. The two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. The two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil. A charging and discharging circuit equalization control device, comprising: An acquisition module is used to acquire capacity information and status information during charging or discharging of multiple batteries connected in series. The multiple batteries connected in series are connected to a charging module, which is used to charge the multiple batteries. The control module is used to control the first equalization circuit and several second equalization circuits to jointly adjust the current between the positive terminal of each battery and the load through the transformer circuit according to the capacity information and the status information, so that the voltage difference of the multiple batteries is within a preset range. The plurality of batteries includes a first battery and several second batteries. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to an equivalent circuit, and the positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the charging module through the several second batteries. The transformer circuit includes a first coil and several second coils. The first coil is coupled to the several second coils, and the transformer circuit is used to transform the received electrical signal. A first terminal of the first equalization circuit is used to connect to the charging module, the positive terminal of the first battery, and the load, respectively. The two second terminals of the first equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the first coil. The two first terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second battery, and the two second terminals of each second equalization circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of a second coil. An electronic device, comprising: Load; and The charging and discharging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-18. An electronic device, comprising: load; The charging and discharging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-18; and A memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of the equalization control method as described in claim 19. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the equalization control method as described in claim 19.