WO2025236728A1

WO2025236728A1 - Methods and apparatuses for power headroom reporting in a cell free massive mimo system

Info

Publication number: WO2025236728A1
Application number: PCT/CN2025/071264
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yi Zhang; Chenxi Zhu; Bingchao LIU
Original assignee: Lenovo Beijing Ltd
Current assignee: Lenovo Beijing Ltd
Priority date: 2025-01-08
Filing date: 2025-01-08
Publication date: 2025-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2027-07-08

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatuses for power headroom (PH) reporting in a cell free massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) can include: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more access point (AP) clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, reference signal(s) (RS(s)) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and transmit one or more power headroom reports (PHRs), wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

Description

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR POWER HEADROOM REPORTING IN A CELL FREE MASSIVE MIMO SYSTEM

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to methods and apparatuses for power headroom (PH) reporting in a cell free massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system.

BACKGROUND

A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations (BSs) , which may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .

SUMMARY

An article "a" before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to "at least one" of those elements or "one or more" of those elements. The terms "a, " "at least one, " "one or more, " and "at least one of one or more" may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of" or "one or both of" ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase "based on" shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as "based on condition A" may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on. " Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a "set" may include one or more elements.

Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may include a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more access point (AP) clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, reference signal (s) (RS (s) ) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and transmit one or more power headroom reports (PHRs) , wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, in the case that at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs include a first PHR determined based on a transmission power which is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by second signalling for a first actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs include a first PHR determined based on a transmission power of a reference PUSCH transmission which is determined based on one of: a power control parameter set with a lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets; a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is used for a latest PUSCH transmission prior to a transmission of the one or more PHRs; or a preferred power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by a network equipment (NE) .

In some implementations of the UE described herein, the preferred power control parameter set is updated by radio resource control (RRC) signalling or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .

In some implementations of the UE described herein, in the case that the at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In some implementations of the UE described herein, the additional PHR (s) is (are) determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; or each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to transmit index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

In some implementations of the UE described herein, in the case that multiple actual PUSCH transmissions are transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs further include a second PHR determined based on a transmission power which is determined based on a different power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by third signalling for another actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs include multiple PHRs based on reference PUSCH transmissions, wherein: at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; or at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to transmit index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the multiple PHRs.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In some implementations of the UE described herein, the additional PHR (s) is (are) determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; or at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to transmit index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

In some implementations of the UE described herein, each AP cluster of the one or more AP clusters consists of a single AP in an AP set associated with an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters, and each of the one or more PHRs is associated with a corresponding AP and determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets which is associated with the corresponding AP.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, in that case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a corresponding reference PUSCH transmission.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to receive fourth signalling indicating AP (s) in the AP set for jointly receiving an actual PUSCH transmission in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, and for each of the AP (s) for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on the actual PUSCH transmission, and for each of the other AP (s) in the AP set, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on a reference PUSCH transmission.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, transmission of the one or more PHRs is triggered when a PHR prohibit timer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more than a threshold value.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, the reference pathloss is determined based on a reference signal (RS) or a list of RSs in a predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, the reference pathloss is determined based on an RS or a list of RSs indicated by an NE.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, transmission of a PHR is triggered when a PHR prohibit timer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss determined based on RS (s) in a power control parameter set based on which the PHR is determined has changed more than a threshold value.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, transmission of the one or more PHRs is triggered in response to a change of AP clusters in an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters for an activated cell.

In some implementations of the UE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to transmit capability information indicating whether to support power headroom reporting with only one PHR or multiple PHRs.

Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may include an NE for wireless communication. The NE may include: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to: transmit first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and receive one or more PHRs, wherein each of the one or more PHRs is based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, in the case that at least one actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs include a first PHR based on a transmission power which is based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by second signalling for a first actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs include a first PHR based on a transmission power of a reference PUSCH transmission which is based on one of: a power control parameter set with a lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets; a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is used for a latest PUSCH transmission prior to a transmission of the one or more PHRs; or a preferred power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by the NE.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, the preferred power control parameter set is updated by RRC signalling or MAC CE.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, in the case that the at least one actual PUSCH transmission is received in the slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In some implementations of the NE described herein, the additional PHR (s) is (are) based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, wherein each additional PHR is based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; each of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; each of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; or each of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by a UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the NE to receive index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

In some implementations of the NE described herein, in the case that multiple actual PUSCH transmissions are received in the slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs further include a second PHR based on a transmission power which is based on a different power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by third signalling for another actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs include multiple PHRs based on reference PUSCH transmissions, wherein: at least one of the multiple PHRs is based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the multiple PHRs is based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; or at least one of the multiple PHRs is based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by a UE from the one or more power control parameter sets, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the NE to receive index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the multiple PHRs.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in the slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In some implementations of the NE described herein, the additional PHR (s) is (are) based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, wherein each additional PHR is based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; or at least one of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by a UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the NE to receive index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

In some implementations of the NE described herein, each AP cluster of the one or more AP clusters consists of a single AP in an AP set associated with an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters, and each of the one or more PHRs is associated with a corresponding AP and based on a corresponding power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets which is associated with the corresponding AP.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, in that case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, each of the one or more PHRs is based on a corresponding reference PUSCH transmission.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to transmit fourth signalling indicating AP (s) in the AP set for jointly receiving an actual PUSCH transmission in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, and for each of the AP (s) for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on the actual PUSCH transmission, and for each of the other AP (s) in the AP set, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on a reference PUSCH transmission.

In some implementations of the NE described herein, the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to receive capability information indicating whether to support power headroom reporting with only one PHR or multiple PHRs.

Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may include a processor for wireless communication. The processor may include: at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receive first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and transmit one or more PHRs, wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may include a method performed by a UE. The method may include: receiving first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and transmitting one or more PHRs, wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

Some implementations of the methods and apparatuses described herein may include a method performed by an NE. The method may include: transmitting first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and receiving one or more PHRs, wherein each of the one or more PHRs is based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to describe the manner in which advantages and features of the application can be obtained, a description of the application is rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. These drawings depict only example embodiments of the application and are not therefore to be considered limiting of its scope.

Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary cell free massive MIMO system with UE-centric clusters in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 3 illustrates a flowchart of an exemplary method performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of an exemplary method performed by an NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 5 illustrates an example of a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 6 illustrates an example of a processor in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 7 illustrates an example of an NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The detailed description of the appended drawings is intended as a description of preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to represent the only form in which the present application may be practiced. It should be understood that the same or equivalent functions may be accomplished by different embodiments that are intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the present application.

While operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, persons skilled in the art will readily recognize that such operations need not be performed in the particular order as shown or in a sequential order, or that all illustrated operations need be performed, to achieve desirable results; sometimes one or more operations can be skipped. Further, the drawings can schematically depict one or more example processes in the form of a flow diagram. However, other operations that are not depicted can be incorporated in the example processes that are schematically illustrated. For example, one or more additional operations can be performed before, after, simultaneously, or between any of the illustrated operations. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous.

Reference will now be made in detail to some embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. To facilitate understanding, embodiments are provided under specific network architecture and service scenarios, such as 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long-term evolution (LTE) and LTE advanced, 3GPP 5G new radio (NR) , 5G-Advanced, 6G, and so on. It is contemplated that along with developments of network architectures and new service scenarios, all embodiments in the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems; and moreover, the terminologies recited in the present disclosure may change, which should not affect the principle of the present disclosure.

Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.

Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NEs (e.g., BSs) 102, one or more UEs 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be an NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology (RAT) including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.

The one or more NEs 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NEs 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a RAN, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signalling, transmit signalling) over a Uu interface.

An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN) . In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NEs 102.

The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.

A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.

An NE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g., S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NEs 102 may communicate with each other indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106) . In some implementations, one or more NEs 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .

The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NEs 102 associated with the CN 106.

The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106) .

In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (e.g., multiple frame structures) . The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.

One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.

A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (e.g., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.

In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.

Massive MIMO is a promising 5G wireless access technology that can provide high throughput, high reliability, and high energy efficiency with simple signal processing. In massive MIMO system, a BS with many antennas may simultaneously serve many UEs in a same time-frequency resource.

Cell free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) has been recently developed, which may exhibit some different characteristics from massive MIMO. In a CF-mMIMO system, service antennas are spread out over a large area. Owing to the distributed antennas that can exploit diversity against shadow fading, the CF-mMIMO system can potentially offer much higher probability of coverage than the massive MIMO system at the cost of increased backhaul requirements. Moreover, interference in the CF-mMIMO system can be eliminated by cooperative transmission. The CF-mMIMO system can provide better performance than a small-cell system in terms of 95%-likely per-user throughput. Given the above benefits, CF-mMIMO becomes a hot candidate for 6G system.

In a CF-mMIMO system, numerous APs may serve a smaller number of UEs using identical time-frequency resources. The CF-mMIMO system is suitable for improving the coverage and providing a more uniform performance across UEs, wherein clustering is an essential component of the practical CF-mMIMO system. Serving all UEs with all transmitters in a large region is impractical. The reasons are as follows. First, the capacity of an individual AP can serve only a limited number of UEs. In addition, serving UEs with distant APs occupies resources but contributes little useful signal power, which is not power efficient and may cause strong inference to other UEs scheduled in the same time-frequency resources. Given this, a practical scheme in the CF-mMIMO system is to serve a UE with only APs close to it. APs serving a UE may be referred to as a cluster of APs, an AP cluster or a cluster. Such cluster is UE-centric (or UE-specific) . Moreover, the APs serving the UE may change as the UE moves in the network, and thus the UE-centric cluster may be dynamic. The CF-mMIMO system is "cell-free" because there is no static cell for a UE to get access but a dynamic AP cluster formed around the UE and changed as the UE moves in the network. Herein, the terms "AP" and "transmit-receive point (TRP) " may be used interchangeably.

Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary CF-mMIMO system with UE-centric clusters in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Referring to Figure 2, the CF-mMIMO system may include a plurality of APs (e.g., AP 1, AP 2, …, AP M, …) and a plurality of UEs. For simplicity, only one UE (e.g., UE 1) is shown in Figure 2. The plurality of APs may be connected to a centric processor unit (CPU) . Each AP may has a small number of antennas, such as 1, 2, or 4. Each UE may be served by a respective UE-centric cluster (e.g., cluster 1, cluster 2, …) , which may be generated based on a location of the UE and consist of one or more of the plurality of APs. For example, when UE 1 is at location 1, it may be served by cluster 1 which includes AP 1 and AP 3, wherein AP 1 and AP 3 may perform joint transmission or reception for UE 1. When UE 1 moves from location 1 to location 2, it may be served by cluster 2 which includes AP 1, AP 2, and AP 3, wherein AP 1, AP 2, and AP 3 may perform joint transmission or reception for UE 1. When UE 1 moves from location 1 to location 3, it may be served by cluster 3 which includes AP 1, AP 3, and AP 4, wherein AP 1, AP 3, and AP 4 may perform joint transmission or reception for UE 1.

The benefits from a CF-mMIMO system may include the following aspects: 1. improving cell edge UE throughput because it can increase the received signal quality and line-of-sight (LoS) probability by reducing the minimum distance between the UE and multiple APs; 2. achieving Marco diversity due to distinct path loss and shadowing from each serving transmitter; and 3. enhancing signal strength and suppressing interference by coordination between APs in the cluster.

However, the PH reporting mechanism in a CF-mMIMO system for 6G system has not been discussed yet.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide various solutions for PH reporting in a CF-mMIMO system. For example, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a UE-centric cluster based PH reporting mechanism, wherein multiple APs in a UE-centric cluster may be dynamically selected for joint reception. More details will be described in the following text in combination with the appended drawings.

According to some embodiments of the present application, a UE may receive, e.g., from an NE, first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters (also referred to as candidate clusters) .

Each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets may be associated with an AP cluster of the one or more AP clusters and may indicate at least one of: a target transmission power (e.g., denoted by "P0" as specified in 3GPP standard documents) , a pathloss scaling factor (e.g., denoted by "alpha" as specified in 3GPP standard documents) , RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index (e.g., denoted by "l" as specified in 3GPP standard documents) . The target transmission power, the pathloss scaling factor, and the RS (s) for pathloss measurement are open loop power control parameters. In other words, an open loop power control parameter set in the power control parameter set may indicate at least one of the target transmission power, the pathloss scaling factor, or the RS (s) for pathloss measurement. The closed loop power control index is a closed loop power control parameter. A closed loop power control parameter in the power control parameter set may include the closed loop power control index. It is contemplated that the one or more power control parameter sets may include other open loop power control parameter (s) and/or closed loop power control parameter (s) , which would not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, the one or more AP clusters may be included in an AP cluster set (also referred to as a cluster set or a candidate cluster set) . Each AP cluster in the AP cluster set may include APs selected (e.g., dynamically selected) from an AP set associated with the AP cluster set. For example, referring to Figure 2, a cluster set including clusters 1, 2, and 3 may be defined. The AP set associated with the cluster set may be {AP 1, AP 2, AP 3, AP 4} . Each cluster in the cluster set (e.g., cluster 1, 2, or 3) includes APs selected (e.g., dynamically selected) from {AP 1, AP 2, AP 3, AP 4} .

In some embodiments, the first signalling may be RRC signalling, and the one or more power control parameter sets may be configured by the RRC signalling. In some other embodiments, the first signalling may further include a MAC CE, and the one or more power control parameter sets may be activated by the MAC CE. It should be understood that the first signalling may be implemented by one or more messages, and different parameters in a power control parameter set may be carried by a same message or different messages.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the UE may transmit, e.g., to the NE, one or more PHRs. Each of the one or more PHRs may be determined based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which are indicated by the first signalling. Herein, a PHR determined based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission may be referred to as an actual PHR, and a PHR determined based on a transmission power of a reference PUSCH transmission may be referred to as a virtual PHR. In some examples, each of the one or more PHRs may be Type 1 PHR as specified in 3GPP standard documents.

As an example, if the UE determines that a PHR for an activated serving cell is based on an actual PUSCH transmission, then, for PUSCH transmission occasion i on active uplink (UL) bandwidth part (BWP) b of carrier f of serving cell c, the UE may compute the PHR (i.e., an actual PHR) according to the following equation (1) , which is the same as that specified in 3GPP standard documents (e.g., TS 38.214) :

In equation (1) , may represent a transmission power of the actual PUSCH transmission, wherein P_{O_PUSCH, b, f, c} (j) may be determined based on a target transmission power, α_b, f, c (j) may be determined based on a pathloss scaling factor, PL_b, f, c (q_d) may be a downlink pathloss estimate determined based on RS (s) for pathloss measurement, f_b,f, c (i, l) may be a PUSCH power control adjustment state (also referred to as a power adjustment value) determined based on a closed loop power control index. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the target transmission power, the pathloss scaling factor, the RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or the closed loop power control index may be indicated by a power control parameter set used for the actual PUSCH transmission which is included in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling. The methods for determining the above parameters may be the same as or similar to those as specified in 3GPP standard documents. Other parameters in equation (1) may be determined by following the definitions specified in 3GPP standard documents.

As another example, if the UE determines that a PHR for an activated serving cell is based on a reference PUSCH transmission, then, for PUSCH transmission occasion i on active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c, the UE may compute the PHR (i.e., a virtual PHR) according to the following equation (2) , which is the same as that specified in 3GPP standard documents (e.g., TS 38.214) :

In equation (2) , {P_{O_PUSCH, b, f, c} (j) +α_b, f, c (j) ·PL_b, f, c (q_d) +f_b, f, c (i, l) } may represent a transmission power of the reference PUSCH transmission, wherein P_{O_PUSCH, b, f, c} (j) may be determined based on a target transmission power, α_b, f, c (j) may be determined based on a pathloss scaling factor, PL_b, f, c (q_d) may be a downlink pathloss estimate determined based on RS (s) for pathloss measurement, f_b, f, c (i, l) may be a PUSCH power control adjustment state (also referred to as a power adjustment value) determined based on a closed loop power control index. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the target transmission power, the pathloss scaling factor, the RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or the closed loop power control index may be indicated by a power control parameter set associated with the reference PUSCH transmission which is included in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling. The methods for determining the above parameters may be the same as or similar to those as specified in 3GPP standard documents. Other parameters in equation (2) may be determined by following the definitions specified in 3GPP standard documents.

It is contemplated that in the case that some power control parameters for determining the transmission power for the actual or reference PUSCH transmission are not indicated by the first signalling, the UE may determine or derive them based on other signalling or according to pertinent rules specified in 3GPP standard documents.

The following Embodiments 1-3 provide solutions associated with PH reporting. Embodiment 1 provides solutions regarding PH reporting with only one PHR (also referred to as a mode of one PH reporting) , Embodiment 2 provides solutions regarding PH reporting with multiple PHRs (also referred to as a mode of multiple PH reporting) , and Embodiment 3 provides solutions regarding trigger conditions for PH reporting.

Embodiment 1

Embodiment 1 may include Embodiment 1-1 and Embodiment 1-2.

Embodiment 1-1

Embodiment 1-1 is related to PH reporting with only one PHR in the case that at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the PHR is transmitted (also referred to as the slot for PH reporting) . In Embodiment 1-1, the PHR is an actual PHR, which is determined based on a transmission power of a predefined actual PUSCH transmission in the slot for PH reporting. The transmission power of the predefined actual PUSCH transmission may be determined based on a power control parameter set used for the predefined actual PUSCH transmission (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (1) ) . The power control parameter set is included in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling and may be indicated by second signalling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI) ) for the predefined actual PUSCH transmission.

In some examples, the predefined actual PUSCH transmission may be a first (i.e., earliest in the time domain) actual PUSCH transmission in the slot for PH reporting.

Embodiment 1-2

Embodiment 1-2 is related to PH reporting with only one PHR in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot for PH reporting. In Embodiment 1-2, the PHR is a virtual PHR, which is determined based on a transmission power of a reference PUSCH transmission. The transmission power of the reference PUSCH transmission may be determined based on a power control parameter set associated with the reference PUSCH transmission (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . The power control parameter set is included in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling and may be determined based on one of the following schemes 1-2-1, 1-2-2 and 1-2-3.

According to scheme 1-2-1, the power control parameter set used to determine the virtual PHR may be a predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets. For example, the predefined power control parameter set may be a power control parameter set with a lowest index (also referred to as a first power control parameter set) among the one or more power control parameter sets.

According to scheme 1-2-2, the power control parameter set used to determine the virtual PHR may be a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is used for a latest PUSCH transmission prior to a transmission (e.g., a PUSCH transmission) of the virtual PHR. Such solution is designed based on an assumption that a same AP cluster is used for joint reception between two adjacent PUSCH transmissions. Considering the accuracy of the assumption of using the same AP cluster, an enhanced scheme may be provided. According to the enhanced scheme, a threshold for a time gap between the latest PUSCH transmission and the transmission of the virtual PHR may be introduced. When the time gap is no larger than the threshold, scheme 1-2-2 may be used. When the time gap is larger than the threshold, scheme 1-2-1 or the following scheme 1-2-3 may be used.

According to scheme 1-2-3, the power control parameter set used to determine the virtual PHR may be a preferred power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by an NE. In some examples, the NE may indicate an index of the preferred power control parameter set. In some other examples, the NE may indicate an index of a preferred AP cluster, and the preferred power control parameter set is the power control parameter set associated with the preferred AP cluster. As an example, the preferred power control parameter set or the preferred AP cluster may be updated by RRC signalling or MAC CE. As an example, the preferred power control parameter set or the preferred AP cluster may be updated based on the UE's load, e.g., a cluster with more APs may be preferred in the case of low load.

PH reporting with only one PHR may be served as a basic feature to provide basic PH information. In some cases, PH reporting with multiple PHRs may be introduced to provide more accurate PH information for reception with different AP clusters. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the UE may transmit capability information indicating whether to support PH reporting with only one PHR or multiple PHRs.

The following Embodiment 2 provides solutions regarding PH reporting with multiple PHRs.

Embodiment 2

Embodiment 2 may include Embodiment 2-1 and Embodiment 2-2. In Embodiment 2-1, the multiple PHRs may be determined per AP cluster. In Embodiment 2-2, the multiple PHRs may be determined per AP.

Embodiment 2-1

Embodiment 2-1 may include case 2-1-1 and case 2-1-2.

Case 2-1-1

Case 2-1-1 is related to PH reporting with multiple PHRs in the case that at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the multiple PHRs are transmitted (also referred to as the slot for PH reporting) . In case 2-1-1, the multiple PHRs may include an actual PHR determined according to any of the methods described in Embodiment 1-1.

In some examples, only one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot for PH reporting, and thus the multiple PHRs may include only one actual PHR.

In some examples, multiple actual PUSCH transmissions may be transmitted in the slot for PH reporting. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple PHRs may still include only one actual PHR in these cases. According to some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the multiple PHRs may include more than one actual PHR in these cases. For example, for actual PUSCH transmissions associated with a same power control parameter set, only one actual PHR based on the same power control parameter set is reported; and for actual PUSCH transmissions associated with different power control parameter sets, different PHRs determined based on the different power control parameter sets (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (1) ) may be reported. The power control parameter set associated with each actual PUSCH transmission may be indicated by same or different signallilng (e.g., DCI) . As an example, the UE may transmit a first actual PHR determined based on a power control parameter set used for the first (i.e., earliest in the time domain) actual PUSCH transmission in the slot for PH reporting, and a second actual PHR determined based on a power control parameter set used for another PUSCH transmission in the slot for PH reporting which is different from that used for the first actual PUSCH transmission.

In some examples, in addition to the aforementioned actual PHR (s) , the multiple PHRs may further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) , i.e., virtual PHR (s) . The following schemes 2-1-1-1, 2-1-1-2, 2-1-1-3, and 2-1-1-4 may provide several solutions for determining the additional PHR (s) . The solutions described in schemes 2-1-1-1, 2-1-1-2, 2-1-1-3, and 2-1-1-4 may be used separately or in any combination to determine the additional PHR (s) .

According to scheme 2-1-1-1, the additional PHR (s) may be determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling except for power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) in the slot for PH reporting, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . In some cases, the number of the multiple PHRs may be specified or fixed to be equal to the number of the one or more power control parameter sets. Scheme 2-1-1-1 may provide accurate PH information for all the AP clusters in an AP cluster set. Thus, the reception of PUSCH transmission may be dynamically switched among all the AP clusters.

For example, assuming that the first signalling indicates 8 power control parameter sets, wherein only one power control parameter set is used for an actual PUSCH transmission in the slot for PH reporting, then the UE may transmit one actual PHR determined based on the power control parameter set used for the actual PUSCH transmission, and 7 virtual PHRs determined based on the other 7 power control parameter sets, respectively.

According to scheme 2-1-1-2, the additional PHR (s) may be determined based on predefined power control parameter set (s) . For example, each of the additional PHR (s) may be determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) .

As an example, in the case of reporting 2 PHRs, the 2 PHRs may include an actual PHR determined according to any of the methods described in Embodiment 1-1, and a virtual PHR determined based on a predefined power control parameter set (e.g., a power control parameter set with a lowest index) in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) . In such example, accurate PH information for only two AP clusters can be provided. Thus, the reception of PUSCH transmission may be dynamically switched among the two AP clusters.

According to scheme 2-1-1-3, the additional PHR (s) may be determined based on power control parameter set (s) activated by the NE excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) . In some examples, the NE may directly activate the power control parameter set (s) (e.g., via a MAC CE or RRC signalling or DCI) . In some other examples, to activate the power control parameter set (s) , the NE may activate the AP cluster (s) associated with the power control parameter set (s) (e.g., via a MAC CE or RRC signalling or DCI) .

In such scheme, each of the additional PHR (s) may be determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . The number of additional PHR (s) may be equal to the number of power control parameter set (s) activated by the NE excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) . The power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) are normally activated by the NE. Thus, scheme 2-1-1-3 may provide accurate PH information for all the activated AP clusters, and the reception of PUSCH transmission may be dynamically switched among all the activated AP clusters.

According to scheme 2-1-1-4, the additional PHR (s) may be determined based on power control parameter set (s) selected by the UE. For example, each of the additional PHR (s) may be determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the actual PUSCH transmission (s) (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) .

In scheme 2-1-1-4, each of the selected power control parameter set (s) may be associated with a corresponding AP cluster selected by the UE. In some examples, the UE may transmit the index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) to the NE. In some other examples, the UE may transmit the index (es) of the selected AP cluster (s) together with the additional PHR (s) to the NE, so as to indicate the selected power control parameter set (s) .

In scheme 2-1-1-4, the number of additional PHR (s) may be equal to the number of power control parameter set (s) or AP cluster (s) selected by the UE. Scheme 2-1-1-4 may provide accurate PH information for all the selected AP clusters as well as the AP cluster (s) associated with the actual PHR (s) , and the reception of PUSCH transmission may be dynamically switched among these AP clusters.

As an example, the UE may select an AP cluster with a minimum transmission power except for the AP cluster (s) associated with the actual PHR (s) , and then may transmit the actual PHR (s) and a virtual PHR determined based on a power control parameter set associated the selected AP cluster.

The NE may determine PHs based on the PHRs received from the UE. Generally, it is applicable that additional PHs may be determined by combining some PHs derived from additional PHRs determined based on scheme 2-1-1-1, scheme 2-1-1-2, scheme 2-1-1-3 and/or scheme 2-1-1-4.

Case 2-1-2

Case 2-1-2 is related to PH reporting with multiple PHRs in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot for PH reporting. In case 2-1-2, the UE may transmit multiple PHRs based on reference PUSCH transmissions, i.e., virtual PHRs.

According to some embodiments of case 2-1-2, the following schemes 2-1-21, 2-1-2-2, and 2-1-2-3 may provide several solutions for determining the multiple PHRs. The solutions described in schemes 2-1-2-1, 2-1-2-2, and 2-1-2-3 may be used separately or in any combination to determine the multiple PHRs.

According to scheme 2-1-2-1, at least one (e.g., each) of the multiple PHRs may be determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) .

As an example, the multiple PHRs may include 2 PHRs which are determined based on two predefined power control parameter sets, respectively. One predefined power control parameter set may be a power control parameter set with a lowest index in the one or more power control parameter sets, and the other predefined power control parameter set may be a power control parameter set with a second lowest index in the one or more power control parameter sets.

As another example, the predefined power control parameter set (s) may include all the one or more power control parameter sets, and each of the multiple PHRs may be determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets.

In scheme 2-1-2-1, the reception of PUSCH transmission may be dynamically switched between the AP clusters associated with the predefined power control parameter sets.

In scheme 2-1-2-2, at least one (e.g., each) of the multiple PHRs may be determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . In some examples, the NE may directly activate power control parameter set (s) (e.g., via a MAC CE or RRC signalling or DCI) . In some other examples, to activate the power control parameter set (s) , the NE may activate the AP cluster (s) associated with the power control parameter set (s) (e.g., via a MAC CE or RRC signalling or DCI) .

As an example, the multiple PHRs may include 2 PHRs which are determined based on two power control parameter sets activated by the NE, respectively.

According to scheme 2-1-2-3, at least one (e.g., each) of the multiple PHRs may be determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . Each of the selected power control parameter set (s) may be associated with a corresponding AP cluster selected by the UE. In some examples, the UE may transmit the index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the multiple PHRs to the NE. In some other examples, the UE may transmit the index (es) of the selected AP cluster (s) together with the multiple PHRs to the NE, so as to indicate the selected power control parameter set (s) .

As an example, the multiple PHRs may include 2 PHRs which are determined based on two power control parameter sets selected by the NE, respectively.

Schemes 2-1-2-1, 2-1-2-2, and 2-1-2-3 may be combined in various forms to determine the multiple PHRs.

As an example, in the case of reporting 2 PHRs, one PHR may be determined based on a predefined power control parameter set (e.g., a power control parameter set with a lowest index) in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling, and the other PHR may be determined based on a power control parameter set activated by the NE. In such example, the reception of PUSCH transmission may be dynamically switched between the AP cluster (s) associated with the activated power control parameter set (s) and predefined power control parameter set (s) if existing.

As another example, in the case of reporting 2 PHRs, one PHR may be determined based on a predefined power control parameter set (e.g., a power control parameter set with a lowest index) in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling, and the other PHR may be determined based on a power control parameter set selected by the NE. In such example, the reception of PUSCH transmission may be dynamically switched between the AP cluster (s) associated with the power control parameter set (s) selected by the UE and predefined power control parameter set (s) if existing.

According to some embodiments of case 2-1-2, the multiple PHRs may include a first virtual PHR determined according to any of the methods described in Embodiment 1-2 and additional virtual PHR (s) . The following schemes 2-1-2-1A, 2-1-2-2A, 2-1-2-3A, and 2-1-2-4A may provide several solutions for determining the additional virtual PHR (s) . The solutions described in schemes 2-1-2-1A, 2-1-2-2A, 2-1-2-3A, and 2-1-2-4A may be used separately or in any combination to determine the additional virtual PHR (s) .

According to scheme 2-1-2-1A, the additional virtual PHR (s) may be determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling except for the power control parameter set associated with the first virtual PHR, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) .

According to scheme 2-1-2-2A, at least one (e.g., each) of the additional virtual PHR (s) may be determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first virtual PHR (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . As an example, the first virtual PHR may be determined based on a power control parameter set with a lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets, and an additional virtual PHR may be determined based on a power control parameter set with a second lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets. As another example, the first virtual PHR may be determined based on a power control parameter set used for a latest PUSCH transmission prior to a transmission of the virtual PHRs, and an additional virtual PHR may be determined based on a power control parameter set with a lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set used for the latest PUSCH transmission.

According to scheme 2-1-2-3A, at least one (e.g., each) of the additional virtual PHR (s) may be determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first virtual PHR (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . In some examples, the NE may directly activate the power control parameter set (s) (e.g., via a MAC CE or RRC signalling or DCI) . In some other examples, to activate the power control parameter set (s) , the NE may activate the AP cluster (s) associated with the power control parameter set (s) (e.g., via a MAC CE or RRC signalling or DCI) .

According to scheme 2-1-2-4A, at least one (e.g., each) of the additional virtual PHR (s) may be determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first virtual PHR (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (2) ) . Each of the selected power control parameter set (s) may be associated with a corresponding AP cluster selected by the UE. In some examples, the UE may transmit the index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional virtual PHR (s) to the NE. In some other examples, the UE may transmit the index (es) of the selected AP cluster (s) together with the additional virtual PHR (s) to the NE, so as to indicate the selected power control parameter set (s) .

Although schemes 2-1-2-1A, 2-1-2-2A, 2-1-2-3A, and 2-1-2-4A are described based on the existing first virtual PHR, it is contemplated that they are applicable for determining all the virtual PHRs without considering the schemes for determining the first virtual PHR.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each AP cluster of the one or more AP clusters associated with the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling may consist of a single AP in an AP set associated with an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters. In such embodiments, each AP may be associated with a corresponding power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets. Then, multiple PHRs may be determined per AP. The following Embodiment 2-2 provides solutions for determining multiple PHRs per AP.

Embodiment 2-2

In Embodiment 2-2, each of the multiple PHRs may be associated with a corresponding AP and determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets which is associated with the corresponding AP (e.g., according to aforementioned equation (1) or (2) ) .

In the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot for PH reporting, each of the multiple PHRs may be determined based on a corresponding reference PUSCH transmission. That is, the multiple PHRs are virtual PHRs.

In such case, the NE may determine a PH for joint reception based on the multiple virtual PHRs. The determination of the PH may be based on the NE's implementation.

For example, assuming that n APs (e.g., denoted as AP 1, AP 2, …, AP n) are used for receiving a PUSCH transmission, then the receiving gain relative to a single-AP reception, e.g. reception by using AP 1 only, is equivalent to (|h₁|²+ |h₂|²+…+|h_n|²) /|h₁|², where h₁, h₂, …, h_n are channel coefficients from the UE to AP 1, AP 2, …, AP n, respectively. From a statistic view, the equivalent PH for joint reception may be determined by where PH₁, PH₂, …, PH_n are PH values in dB for AP 1, AP 2, …, AP n reported by the UE, respectively.

In the case that an actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot for PH reporting, for an AP used for joint receiving, the UE may transmit an actual PHR, while for an AP not used for joint receiving, the UE may transmit a virtual PHR. That is, for each of the AP (s) for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission, the multiple PHRs may include a corresponding PHR based on the actual PUSCH transmission, and for each of the other AP (s) in the AP set (i.e., the AP (s) not used for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission) , the multiple PHRs may include a corresponding PHR based on a reference PUSCH transmission.

In such case, the NE needs to transmit, to the UE, fourth signalling indicating AP (s) (or their associated power control parameter set (s) ) in the AP set for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission. If there is no signalling for indicating the AP (s) (or their associated power control parameter set (s) ) for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission, only virtual PHR for each AP may be reported.

Based on received PHRs, the NE may determine PHs for joint reception in different reception assumptions (e.g., different APs for joint reception) based on the NE's implementation, which may be similar to the case of no actual PUSCH transmission.

Although the solutions in Embodiment 2-2 are described for determining PHRs for PUSCH transmission, it is contemplated that they can also be extended to determine PHRs for sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, wherein power control parameter set (s) may be shared or independently configured for PUSCH transmission and SRS transmission.

In legacy 5G system, a PHR may be triggered if the following event occurs:
- phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired and the path loss has changed more than
phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB for at least one RS used as pathloss reference for one activated Serving Cell of any MAC entity of which the active downlink (DL) BWP is not dormant BWP since the last transmission of a PHR in this MAC entity when the MAC entity has UL resources for new transmission.

That is, in legacy 5G system, the PHR may be triggered based on one pathloss. However, in a CF-mMIMO system, there may be multiple pathloss measurements associated multiple APs for joint reception. Then, the trigger events for PHR (s) need to be redefined. The following Embodiment 3 provides several solutions regarding the trigger events of PHR (s) in a CF-mMIMO system.

Embodiment 3

Embodiment 3 may include Embodiment 3-1 and Embodiment 3-2. Embodiment 3-1 proposes trigger events for PHR (s) based on pathloss. Embodiment 3-2 proposes a newly defined trigger event for PHR (s) .

Embodiment 3-1

Embodiment 3-1 may include solution 1 and solution 2. In solution 1, the trigger events for PHR (s) may be based on a change of one reference pathloss. In solution 2, different PHRs may be triggered based on different reference pathlosses.

Solution 1

In solution 1, transmission of PHR (s) may be triggered when a PHR prohibit timer (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer defined in 3GPP standard documents) expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more than a threshold value (e.g., phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange defined in 3GPP standard documents) .

For example, the PHR (s) may be triggered if the following event occurs:
- phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more
than phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB for at least one RS used for one activated Serving Cell of any MAC entity of which the active DL BWP is not dormant BWP since the last transmission of a PHR in this MAC entity when the MAC entity has UL resources for new transmission.

In some embodiments, the reference pathloss may be determined based on an RS or a list of RSs in a predefined power control parameter set.

As an example, the reference pathloss may be determined based on an RS from a first power control parameter set (i.e., a power control parameter set with a lowest index) in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling. As another example, the reference pathloss may be determined based on a list of RSs in a latest indicated power control parameter set.

In some other embodiments, the reference pathloss may be determined based on an RS or a list of RSs indicated by an NE (e.g., via RRC signalling or MAC CE) .

As an example, the indicated list of RSs may be selected from at least one power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets indicated by the first signalling. As another example, the indicated RS may be an RS associated with a particular AP (e.g., an anchor AP) in an AP cluster set.

When a list of RSs is used for determining the reference pathloss, based on each RS in the list of RSs, the UE may first determine a corresponding pathloss measurement result, and then determine the reference pathloss based on pathloss measurement results of the list of RSs.

In some embodiments, the UE may determine the reference pathloss to be a minimum pathloss measurement result in all the pathloss measurement results determined based on the list of RSs.

In some embodiments, the UE may determine the reference pathloss to be an average pathloss measurement result of all the pathloss measurement results determined based on the list of RSs. As an example, the average operation may be performed on all the pathloss measurement results of the list of RSs in linear domain or log-domain. As another example, the average operation may be performed on all the pathloss measurement results weighted by corresponding pathloss scaling factors in linear domain or log-domain.

In some embodiments, the UE may determine the reference pathloss to be a pathloss measurement result determined based on a preconfigured or specified RS in the list of RSs. For example, the preconfigured or specified RS may be the first RS in the list of RSs.

Solution 2

In solution 2, different PHRs may be triggered by different conditions on account of different AP clusters or different APs. In general, transmission of a PHR may be triggered when a PHR prohibit timer (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer defined in 3GPP standard documents) expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more than a threshold value (e.g., phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange defined in 3GPP standard documents) , wherein the reference pathloss may be determined based on RS (s) in a power control parameter set based on which the PHR is determined.

As aforementioned, each PHR may be associated with a corresponding AP cluster or a corresponding AP. Therefore, the triggering condition may be determined by a pathloss change for each AP cluster or for each AP.

As an example, when each PHR is associated with a corresponding AP cluster, a PHR for the corresponding AP cluster may be triggered if the following event occurs:
- phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more
than phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB for at least one RS used for one activated Serving Cell of any MAC entity of which the active DL BWP is not dormant BWP since the last transmission of a PHR in this MAC entity when the MAC entity has UL resources for new transmission, wherein the reference pathloss is determined based on RS (s) for pathloss measurement in a power control parameter set based on which the PHR is determined (i.e., associated with the corresponding AP cluster) .

As another example, when each PHR is associated with a corresponding AP, a PHR for the corresponding AP may be triggered if the following event occurs:
- phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more
than phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB for at least one RS used for one activated Serving Cell of any MAC entity of which the active DL BWP is not dormant BWP since the last transmission of a PHR in this MAC entity when the MAC entity has UL resources for new transmission, wherein the reference pathloss is determined based on an RS for pathloss measurement in a power control parameter set based on which the PHR is determined (i.e., associated with the corresponding AP) .

In some embodiments of solution 2, PHRs associated with APs and/or AP clusters may be independently triggered or jointly triggered. In the case of jointly triggering PHRs, all the PHRs associated with the APs and/or AP clusters may be triggered simultaneously when a number of PHRs meet the triggering condition. In some examples, the number may be specified, or predefined or indicated to the UE via MAC CE, RRC signalling or DCI.

Embodiment 3-2

In legacy 5G system, a PHR may be triggered in the case of activation of secondary sell (Scell) or secondary cell group (SCG) , addition of primary secondary cell (PSCell) and switching of activated BWP. The details for the triggering events are specified in TS 38.321 and shown below for reference:
- activation of an SCell of any MAC entity with configured uplink of which
firstActiveDownlinkBWP-Id is not set to dormant BWP;
- activation of an SCG;
- addition of the PSCell except if the SCG is deactivated (i.e. PSCell is newly added
or changed) ;
- Upon switching of activated BWP from dormant BWP to non-dormant DL BWP of
an SCell of any MAC entity with configured uplink.

For a UE-centric AP cluster, the UE can be thought as being served by a virtual cell with multiple APs in an AP set. For a cluster-based power control scheme, all the power control parameter sets may be reconfigured when an AP cluster set is changed since the APs in the AP set are changed. Given this, Embodiment 3-2 introduces a new triggering event for PHR (s) : transmission of PHR (s) may be triggered in response to a change of AP clusters in an AP cluster set for an activated cell.

The trigger events described in Embodiment 3-1 and Embodiment 3-2 may be applied separately or in combination.

Figure 3 illustrates a flowchart of an exemplary method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method illustrated in Figure 3 may be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104 in Figure 1) as described herein or other apparatus with the like functions. In some implementations, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the UE to perform the described operations or functions.

At step 302, the UE may receive, e.g., from an NE (e.g., an NE 102 in Figure 1) , first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index.

At step 304, the UE may transmit, e.g., to the NE, one or more PHRs. Each of the one or more PHRs may be determined based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power may be determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs may include a first PHR determined based on a transmission power which is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by second signalling for a first actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs may include a first PHR determined based on a transmission power of a reference PUSCH transmission which is determined based on one of: a power control parameter set with a lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets; a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is used for a latest PUSCH transmission prior to a transmission of the one or more PHRs; or a preferred power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by the NE.

In some embodiments, the preferred power control parameter set may be updated by RRC signalling or MAC CE.

In some embodiments, in the case that the at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs may further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In an embodiment, the additional PHR (s) is (are) determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; or each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, and the UE may transmit, e.g., to the NE, index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

In some embodiments, in the case that multiple actual PUSCH transmissions are transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs may further include a second PHR determined based on a transmission power which is determined based on a different power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by third signalling for another actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs may include multiple PHRs based on reference PUSCH transmissions, wherein: at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; or at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets, and the UE may transmit, e.g., to the NE, index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the multiple PHRs.

In some embodiments, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs may further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In an embodiment, the additional PHR (s) is (are) determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; or at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, and the UE may transmit, e.g., to the NE, index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each AP cluster of the one or more AP clusters may consist of a single AP in an AP set associated with an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters, and each of the one or more PHRs is associated with a corresponding AP and determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets which is associated with the corresponding AP.

In some embodiments, in that case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, each of the one or more PHRs may be determined based on a corresponding reference PUSCH transmission.

In some embodiments, the UE may receive fourth signalling indicating AP (s) in the AP set for jointly receiving an actual PUSCH transmission in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, wherein for each of the AP (s) for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on the actual PUSCH transmission, and for each of the other AP (s) in the AP set, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on a reference PUSCH transmission.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a transmission of the one or more PHRs may be triggered when a PHR prohibit timer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more than a threshold value.

In some embodiments, the reference pathloss may be determined based on an RS or a list of RSs in a predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets.

In some embodiments, the reference pathloss may be determined based on an RS or a list of RSs indicated by the NE.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, transmission of a PHR may be triggered when a PHR prohibit timer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss determined based on RS (s) in a power control parameter set based on which the PHR is determined has changed more than a threshold value.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, transmission of the one or more PHRs is triggered in response to a change of AP clusters in an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters for an activated cell.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the UE may transmit, e.g., to the NE, capability information indicating whether to support power headroom reporting with only one PHR or multiple PHRs.

It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be arranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart of an exemplary method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method illustrated in Figure 4 may be performed by an NE (e.g., NE 102 as illustrated in Figure 1) as described herein or other apparatus with the like functions. In some implementations, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control functional elements of the NE to perform the described operations or functions.

At step 402, the NE may transmit, e.g., to a UE (e.g., a UE 104 in Figure 1) , first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index.

At step 404, the NE may receive, e.g., from the UE, one or more PHRs. Each of the one or more PHRs may be based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power may be based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that at least one actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs may include a first PHR based on a transmission power which is based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by second signalling for a first actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs may include a first PHR based on a transmission power of a reference PUSCH transmission which is based on one of: a power control parameter set with a lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets; a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is used for a latest PUSCH transmission prior to a transmission of the one or more PHRs; or a preferred power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by the NE.

In some embodiments, in the case that the at least one actual PUSCH transmission is received in the slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs further may include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In an embodiment, the additional PHR (s) is (are) based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, wherein each additional PHR is based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; each of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; each of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; or each of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, and the NE may receive, from the UE, index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

In some embodiments, in the case that multiple actual PUSCH transmissions are received in the slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs may further include a second PHR based on a transmission power which is based on a different power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by third signalling for another actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs may include multiple PHRs based on reference PUSCH transmissions, wherein: at least one of the multiple PHRs is based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the multiple PHRs is based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; or at least one of the multiple PHRs is based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets, and the NE may receive, from the UE, index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the multiple PHRs.

In some embodiments, in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in the slot where the one or more PHRs are received, the one or more PHRs may further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .

In an embodiment, the additional PHR (s) is (are) based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, wherein each additional PHR is based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; at least one of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; or at least one of the additional PHR (s) is based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, and the NE may receive, from the UE, index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each AP cluster of the one or more AP clusters may consist of a single AP in an AP set associated with an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters, and each of the one or more PHRs is associated with a corresponding AP and based on a corresponding power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets which is associated with the corresponding AP.

In some embodiments, in that case that no actual PUSCH transmission is received in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, each of the one or more PHRs may be based on a corresponding reference PUSCH transmission.

In some embodiments, the NE may transmit, to the UE, fourth signalling indicating AP (s) in the AP set for jointly receiving an actual PUSCH transmission in a slot where the one or more PHRs are received, wherein for each of the AP (s) for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on the actual PUSCH transmission, and for each of the other AP (s) in the AP set, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on a reference PUSCH transmission.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the NE may receive, from the UE, capability information indicating whether to support power headroom reporting with only one PHR or multiple PHRs.

Figure 5 illustrates an example of a UE 500 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 500 may include at least one processor 502 and at least one memory 504. Additionally, the UE 500 may also include one or more of at least one controller 506 or at least one transceiver 508. The processor 502, the memory 504, the controller 506, or the transceiver 508, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

The processor 502, the memory 504, the controller 506, or the transceiver 508, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

The processor 502 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 502 may be configured to operate the memory 504. In some other implementations, the memory 504 may be integrated into the processor 502. The processor 502 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 504 to cause the UE 500 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

The memory 504 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 504 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 502 cause the UE 500 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 504 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

In some implementations, the processor 502 and the memory 504 coupled with the processor 502 may be configured to cause the UE 500 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 502, instructions stored in the memory 504) . For example, the processor 502 may support wireless communication at the UE 500 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The UE 500 may be configured to support a means for performing the operations of the methods described in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, the processor 502 may be configured to cause the UE 500 to: receive first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and transmit one or more PHRs, wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

The controller 506 may manage input and output signals for the UE 500. The controller 506 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 500. In some implementations, the controller 506 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 506 may be implemented as part of the processor 502.

In some implementations, the UE 500 may include at least one transceiver 508. In some other implementations, the UE 500 may have more than one transceiver 508. The transceiver 508 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 508 may include one or more receiver chains 510, one or more transmitter chains 512, or a combination thereof.

A receiver chain 510 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 510 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 510 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 510 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 510 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

A transmitter chain 512 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmitter chain 512 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 512 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 512 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

Figure 6 illustrates an example of a processor 600 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 600 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 600 may include at least one controller 602 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 600 may optionally include at least one memory 604, which may be, for example, a layer 1 (L1) , layer 2 (L2) , or layer 3 (L3) cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 600 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 606. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .

The processor 600 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 600) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .

The controller 602 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signalling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 600 to cause the processor 600 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 602 may operate as a control unit of the processor 600, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 600. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.

The controller 602 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 604 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 600 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 602 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 604. The controller 602 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 602 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 600 to cause the processor 600 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 602 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 600. The controller 602 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, ALUs, and other functional units of the processor 600.

The memory 604 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 600 or other memory, such as RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. ) . In some implementations, the memory 604 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 600) . In some other implementations, the memory 604 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 600) .

The memory 604 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 600, cause the processor 600 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 602 and/or the processor 600 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 604 to cause the processor 600 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 600 and/or the controller 602 may be coupled with or to the memory 604, the processor 600, the controller 602, and the memory 604 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 600 may include multiple processors and the memory 604 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.

The one or more ALUs 606 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 606 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 600) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 606 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 600) . One or more ALUs 606 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 606 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 606 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 606 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 606 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.

The processor 600 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 600 may be configured to or operable to support a means for performing the operations of the methods described in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, the controller 602 may cause the processor 600 to: receive first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and transmit one or more PHRs, wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

Figure 7 illustrates an example of a network equipment 700 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The network equipment 700 may include at least one processor 702 and at least one memory 704. Additionally, the network equipment 700 may also include one or more of at least one controller 706 or at least one transceiver 708. The processor 702, the memory 704, the controller 706, or the transceiver 708, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

The processor 702, the memory 704, the controller 706, or the transceiver 708, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

The processor 702 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 702 may be configured to operate the memory 704. In some other implementations, the memory 704 may be integrated into the processor 702. The processor 702 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 704 to cause the network equipment 700 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

The memory 704 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 702 cause the network equipment 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 704 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

In some implementations, the processor 702 and the memory 704 coupled with the processor 702 may be configured to cause the network equipment 700 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 702, instructions stored in the memory 704) . For example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the network equipment 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The network equipment 700 may be configured to support a means for performing the operations of the methods described in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, the processor 702 may be configured to cause the network equipment 700 to: transmit first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more AP clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of: a target transmission power, a pathloss scaling factor, RS (s) for pathloss measurement, or a closed loop power control index; and receive one or more PHRs, wherein each of the one or more PHRs is based on a transmission power of an actual PUSCH transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.

The controller 706 may manage input and output signals for the network equipment 700. The controller 706 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the network equipment 700. In some implementations, the controller 706 may utilize an operating system such as or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 706 may be implemented as part of the processor 702.

In some implementations, the network equipment 700 may include at least one transceiver 708. In some other implementations, the network equipment 700 may have more than one transceiver 708. The transceiver 708 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 708 may include one or more receiver chains 710, one or more transmitter chains 712, or a combination thereof.

A receiver chain 710 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 710 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

A transmitter chain 712 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmitter chain 712 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmitter chain 712 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 712 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising:

at least one memory; and

at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to:

receive first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more access point (AP) clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of:

a target transmission power,

a pathloss scaling factor,

reference signal (s) (RS (s) ) for pathloss measurement, or

a closed loop power control index; and

transmit one or more power headroom reports (PHRs) , wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.
The UE of Claim 1, wherein in the case that at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs include a first PHR determined based on a transmission power which is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by second signalling for a first actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.
The UE of Claim 1, wherein in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs include a first PHR determined based on a transmission power of a reference PUSCH transmission which is determined based on one of:

a power control parameter set with a lowest index among the one or more power control parameter sets;

a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is used for a latest PUSCH transmission prior to a transmission of the one or more PHRs; or

a preferred power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by a network equipment (NE) .
The UE of Claim 3, wherein the preferred power control parameter set is updated by radio resource control (RRC) signalling or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
The UE of Claim 2, wherein in the case that the at least one actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .
The UE of Claim 5, wherein:

the additional PHR (s) is (are) determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets;

each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission;

each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set (s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission; or

each of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set(s) used for the at least one actual PUSCH transmission, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to transmit index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .
The UE of Claim 5, wherein in the case that multiple actual PUSCH transmissions are transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs further include a second PHR determined based on a transmission power which is determined based on a different power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets which is indicated by third signalling for another actual PUSCH transmission in the slot.
The UE of Claim 1, wherein in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs include multiple PHRs based on reference PUSCH transmissions, wherein:

at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets;

at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets; or

at least one of the multiple PHRs is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to transmit index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the multiple PHRs.
The UE of Claim 3, wherein in the case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in the slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, the one or more PHRs further include additional PHR (s) based on reference PUSCH transmission (s) .
The UE of Claim 9, wherein:

the additional PHR (s) is (are) determined based on all the one or more power control parameter sets except for the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, wherein each additional PHR is determined based on a respective power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets;

at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR;

at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding activated power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR; or

at least one of the additional PHR (s) is determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set selected by the UE from the one or more power control parameter sets excluding the power control parameter set associated with the first PHR, and the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to transmit index (es) of the selected power control parameter set (s) together with the additional PHR (s) .
The UE of Claim 1, wherein each AP cluster of the one or more AP clusters consists of a single AP in an AP set associated with an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters, and each of the one or more PHRs is associated with a corresponding AP and determined based on a corresponding power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets which is associated with the corresponding AP.
The UE of Claim 11, wherein:

in that case that no actual PUSCH transmission is transmitted in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a corresponding reference PUSCH transmission; or

the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to receive fourth signalling indicating AP (s) in the AP set for jointly receiving an actual PUSCH transmission in a slot where the one or more PHRs are transmitted, and wherein for each of the AP (s) for jointly receiving the actual PUSCH transmission, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on the actual PUSCH transmission, and for each of the other AP (s) in the AP set, the one or more PHRs include a corresponding PHR based on a reference PUSCH transmission.
The UE of Claim 1, wherein transmission of the one or more PHRs is triggered when a PHR prohibit timer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss has changed more than a threshold value.
The UE of Claim 13, wherein the reference pathloss is determined based on a reference signal (RS) or a list of RSs in a predefined power control parameter set in the one or more power control parameter sets, or the reference pathloss is determined based on an RS or a list of RSs indicated by an NE.
The UE of Claim 1, wherein transmission of a PHR is triggered when a PHR prohibit timer expires or has expired and a reference pathloss determined based on RS (s) in a power control parameter set based on which the PHR is determined has changed more than a threshold value.
The UE of Claim 1, wherein transmission of the one or more PHRs is triggered in response to a change of AP clusters in an AP cluster set including the one or more AP clusters for an activated cell.
The UE of Claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to transmit capability information indicating whether to support power headroom reporting with only one PHR or multiple PHRs.
A processor for wireless communication, comprising:

at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to:

receive first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more access point (AP) clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of:

a target transmission power,

a pathloss scaling factor,

reference signal (s) (RS (s) ) for pathloss measurement, or

a closed loop power control index; and

transmit one or more power headroom reports (PHRs) , wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.
A network equipment (NE) for wireless communication, comprising:

at least one memory; and

at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to:

transmit first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more access point (AP) clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of:

a target transmission power,

a pathloss scaling factor,

reference signal (s) (RS (s) ) for pathloss measurement, or

a closed loop power control index; and

receive one or more power headroom reports (PHRs) , wherein each of the one or more PHRs is based on a transmission power of an actual physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.
A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:

receiving first signalling indicating one or more power control parameter sets associated with one or more access point (AP) clusters, wherein each power control parameter set of the one or more power control parameter sets is associated with an AP cluster and indicates at least one of:

a target transmission power,

a pathloss scaling factor,

reference signal (s) (RS (s) ) for pathloss measurement, or

a closed loop power control index; and

transmitting one or more power headroom reports (PHRs) , wherein each of the one or more PHRs is determined based on a transmission power of an actual physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission or a reference PUSCH transmission, and the transmission power is determined based on a power control parameter set from the one or more power control parameter sets.