WO2025234142A1 - Cutter for crusher, and crusher using said cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] Conventionally, cutters for crushers that crushes objects to be crushed which have become unneeded, and crushers using such cutters, have been known. However, when crushing an object to be crushed, the object to be crushed, after having been finely crushed, can become caught between a side surface of the crusher and the cutter, and if a moving cutter is advanced in such a state, there is a risk of the side surface of the crusher being pushed, thereby damaging the crusher. [Solution] The present invention provides a cutter for a crusher, said cutter having a plurality of blade parts protruding from surfaces of a blade plate, and further provides a crusher using the cutter. The cutter for a crusher is characterized in that the blade parts are formed as chevron-shaped blade parts or notched truncated-cone-shaped blade parts, the chevron-shaped blade parts or the notched truncated-cone-shaped blade parts are arranged in a zigzag shape, the chevron-shaped blade parts or the notched truncated-cone-shaped blade parts protruding from the surfaces on both end sides in the left-right direction of the blade plate are formed with a half structure obtained by vertical cross-sectional division, inclined parts in which the surfaces on both end sides in the left-right direction of the blade plate are inclined inward are provided on the lowermost stage, and vertical belt-shaped parts continuing to the outer ends of the inclined parts are provided.

Description

A blade for a crusher, and a crusher that uses this blade

The present invention relates to a blade for a crusher used to crush materials to be crushed, and a crusher that uses this blade.

Shredders are widely known for crushing materials to be crushed, such as unwanted castings, gates, runners, and weirs. These shredders crush materials that are placed in the crushing space between fixed and movable blades into small pieces as the movable blades move forward, and the blades used in the shredder are particularly important in order to achieve efficient crushing of materials to be crushed.

When crushing materials, the finely crushed materials may become caught between the side of the crusher and the blades. In this state, if the moving blades are moved forward, the side of the crusher may be pushed, potentially damaging the crusher. Here, the following document 1 is an example of a document related to blades for crushers that are designed to prevent materials from becoming caught between the side of the crusher.

The invention of Document 1 relates to a cutting tool used to obtain secondary crushed material by further crushing the primary crushed material obtained by primary crushing of discarded engines using a nibbler into aluminum-based materials and iron-based materials. The cutting tool is characterized by having a flat portion and a plurality of grooves spaced apart in the width direction of the flat portion and extending from one end to the middle of the planar portion in the longitudinal direction. The flat portion is rectangular, and protruding portions are formed at both widthwise ends of the planar portion, extending substantially the entire length of the planar portion in the longitudinal direction. As described in paragraph [0062], "Because protruding portions 27 are formed at both widthwise ends of the cutting tools 5 and 8, these protruding portions 27 prevent the crushed material from escaping to the outside of the width direction of the cutting tools 5 and 8 (the crushed material pressing against the wall member 31 of the housing 3 shown in Figure 6)."

Patent Publication No. 2006-263526

However, in the invention described in Document 1, protruding portions are formed at both ends of the width of the planar portion, extending over almost the entire length of the planar portion in the longitudinal direction. This type of configuration is large-scale and may result in high costs.

The present invention provides a blade for a shredder that has a simple structure and can prevent materials from getting caught between the sides of the shredder, as well as a shredder equipped with this blade.

The invention of claim 1 is a blade for a crusher having multiple blade portions protruding from the surface of a blade plate, the blade portions being angled or notched truncated conical blade portions, the angled or notched truncated conical blade portions being arranged in a staggered pattern, the angled or notched truncated conical blade portions protruding from the surface of both left and right ends of the blade plate having a structure of halves divided in vertical cross section, inclined portions sloping inward on the surface of both left and right ends of the blade plate at the lowest level, and vertical band-shaped portions connected to the outer ends of the inclined portions.

The invention of claim 2 is the blade for a crusher described in claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the blade plate further comprises a plurality of ribbed blade portions and/or cross blade portions, and the ribbed blade portions and/or cross blade portions are connected to mountain-shaped blade portions and/or notched truncated cone-shaped blade portions.

The invention of claim 3 is a blade for a crusher as described in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the blade is made of high-manganese cast steel containing 11% to 14% manganese by mass.

The invention of claim 4 is a shredder comprising a pair of left and right main body frames, fixed blades arranged between the main body frames, and movable blades that move back and forth relative to the fixed blades, and having an upper opening into which materials to be shredded are fed and a lower opening from which materials to be shredded are discharged, characterized in that the fixed blades and/or movable blades are blades as described in claim 1 or claim 2.

The invention of claim 5 is a shredder comprising a pair of left and right main body frames, fixed blades arranged between the main body frames, and movable blades that move back and forth relative to the fixed blades, and having an upper opening into which materials to be shredded are fed and a lower opening from which materials to be shredded are discharged, characterized in that the fixed blades and/or movable blades are the blades described in claim 3.

According to this invention, when crushing, the inclined portion allows the material to be crushed at the edge of the blade to slide inside the blade, allowing the material to be crushed efficiently and reliably. Furthermore, the output of the cylinder that presses the blade can be significantly attenuated. Furthermore, by providing a band-shaped portion at the end of the inclined portion, the inclined portion and the blade itself can be made stronger.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a fixed blade in which an inclined portion and a band-shaped portion are provided below a blade plate in the up-down direction. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1; FIG. 10 is a front view of a movable blade in which an inclined portion and a band-shaped portion are provided below the blade plate in the up-down direction. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. 3 . 10A is a front view, FIG. 10B is a perspective bottom view, and FIG. 10C is a perspective view of the lower right corner of the moving blade (inclined portion and band-shaped portion). FIG. 2 is a front view of a first embodiment of a chevron blade portion and a ribbed blade portion. FIG. 10 is a front view of a second embodiment of a chevron blade portion and a ribbed blade portion. FIG. 1 is a front view of a fixed blade having a notched truncated cone blade portion and a rib-shaped blade portion protruding therefrom. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a crusher in which fixed blade plates and movable blade plates are installed. FIG. 2 is a side view of the crusher illustrating the trajectory of the moving blade plate. FIG. 2 is a side view of the main part of a crusher for crushing objects to be crushed.

The present invention relates to a blade 1 for a crusher 100 that can finely crush objects to be crushed (CM), such as unwanted castings, gates, runners, and weirs, and to a crusher 100 that utilizes this blade 1. First, we will explain the blade 1.

The blades 1 are composed of a pair of fixed blades 11 (see Figures 1, 2, etc.) that are fixedly installed on the front side F of the shredder 100, and a movable blade 12 (see Figures 3, 4, etc.) that is installed opposite the fixed blade 11 on the rear side B of the shredder 100. These fixed blades 11 and movable blades 12 are arranged between a pair of left and right main body frames 110, 110 of the shredder 100, and the movable blades 12 move back and forth relative to the fixed blades 11; more specifically, the blade portions 10 of the fixed blades 11 and the movable blades 12 crush the material to be crushed CM. The fixed blades 11 and movable blades 12 may be configured to be separable into upper and lower portions, or may be molded as a single unit.

This blade 1 is composed of a blade plate 3 and multiple cutting edges 10 protruding from the surface 5 of the blade plate 3. The blade plate 3 is formed as a rectangular plate, but its length, thickness, etc. are optional. The shape is also optional, so the lower end of the blade plate 3 may be curved.

As will be described later, the blade portions 10 include angled blade portions 20, notched truncated cone blade portions 50, cross blade portions 40, ribbed blade portions 60, etc., and these can be used in a variety of arbitrary combinations. The configuration and arrangement of each blade portion 10 will be explained below for each blade portion 10. Note that the blade portions 10 are common to both the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12, and therefore are denoted by the same reference numerals in each drawing.

The first embodiment of the angled cutting portion 20 shown in Figures 1, 6, etc. will now be described. The angled cutting portion 20 of the first embodiment consists of a base portion 22 and a flat top portion 30. The base portion 22 has a rectangular cutting edge 26 arranged along both slopes 23, 23, which slope toward the flat top portion 30. The flat top portion 30 has a number of inclined recesses 34 that form a cross shape around the rectangular cutting edge 26.

The shape that makes up the angled cutting portion 20 is a complex polyhedron that combines shapes such as a modified square (slope 23), a triangle (inclined recess 34), a rectangle (rectangular blade 26), and a cross (rectangular blade 26 formed on flat top 30) on its surface. The angled cutting portion 20 is flared from the flat top 30 side toward the surface 5 of the blade plate 3, and is formed so that its height gradually increases toward the flat top 30 side.

As mentioned above, the base portion 22 has rectangular blades 26 arranged along the slopes 23, 23 between the slopes 23 that slope toward the flat top portion 30, forming one set. A total of four such sets are arranged in a row vertically and horizontally to form one angled blade portion 20. Therefore, one angled blade portion 20 has a total of eight slopes 23 and four rectangular blades 26. The four rectangular blades 26 form four ridges in the base portion 22 as a whole.

The flat top portion 30 has multiple inclined recesses 34 that form a cross shape for the rectangular blade 26. In other words, the combination of the bases of the inclined recesses 34 forms the cross shape for the rectangular blade 26.

The inclined recess 34 is formed by inclining and recessing a portion of the inclined surface 23 on the flat top portion 30 side. Specifically, for example, a portion of the inclined surface 23 is recessed (inclined) in a triangular shape, etc. As there are a total of eight inclined surfaces 23 on one angled cutting portion 20, there are also a total of eight inclined recesses 34.

This inclined recess 34 may be configured as a generally triangular inclined surface, or may be a generally rectangular, hemispherical, or other inclined surface. Furthermore, the inclined recess 34 may be a vertical surface rather than an inclined surface. Essentially, any configuration is acceptable as long as the rectangular blade 26 of the flat top portion 30 is formed in a cross shape by the inclined recess 34, making it easier for stress to be concentrated on the object to be crushed CM, resulting in more efficient crushing (cutting, etc.).

Regarding the relationship between the rectangular blade 26 at the base 22 and the cross-shaped rectangular blade 26 at the flat top 30, one end of the rectangular blade 26 at the base 22 and one end of the cross of the rectangular blade 26 at the flat top 30 are connected, but they may also be disconnected.

The figures mainly show the angled cutting portion 20 of the first embodiment, but the angled cutting portion 20 of the second embodiment shown in Figure 7 may also be used. The second embodiment of the angled cutting portion 20 will now be described.

The angled cutting edge 20 of the second embodiment consists of a base 22 and a pointed apex 32. The base 22 has a pointed edge 28 arranged along two slopes 23, 23, which slope toward the pointed apex 32. The pointed edge 28 is formed in a cross shape by a number of inclined recesses 34.

The shape that makes up the angled cutting portion 20 is formed as a complex polyhedron that combines a deformed rectangle (slope 23), a triangle (inclined recess 34), a cross (pointed edge 28 formed on the point apex 32), etc. on its surface. Like the angled cutting portion 20 of the first embodiment, the angled cutting portion 20 of the second embodiment has a tapered shape that widens from the point apex 32 side toward the surface 5 of the blade plate 3, and is formed so that its height gradually increases toward the point apex 32.

As mentioned above, the base portion 22 has two slopes 23 sloping toward the tip apex 32, with pointed blades 28 arranged along both slopes 23, 23, forming one set. A total of four such sets are arranged in a row vertically and horizontally to form one angled blade portion 20. Therefore, one angled blade portion 20 has a total of eight slopes and four pointed blades 28. The four pointed blades 28 form four ridges in the base portion 22 as a whole.

The tip apex 32 has multiple inclined recesses 34 that form a cross shape for the tip blade 28. In other words, the combination of the bases of the inclined recesses 34 forms the cross shape for the tip blade 28.

The inclined recess 34 is formed by inclining and recessing a portion of the slope 23 on the pointed apex 32 side. Specifically, for example, a portion of the slope 23 is recessed (inclined) in a triangular shape or the like. As there are a total of eight slopes on one angled cutting portion 20, there are also a total of eight inclined recesses 34.

This inclined recess 34 may be configured as a generally triangular inclined surface, or may be a generally rectangular, hemispherical, or other inclined surface. Furthermore, the inclined recess 34 may be a vertical surface rather than an inclined surface. Essentially, any configuration is acceptable as long as the inclined recess 34 forms the pointed edge 28 of the pointed tip apex 32 in a cross shape, making it easier for stress to be concentrated on the object to be crushed CM, resulting in more efficient cutting (crushing, etc.).

Regarding the relationship between the pointed edge 28 at the base 22 and the pointed edge 28 formed in a cross shape at the tip apex 32, one end of the pointed edge 28 at the base 22 and one end of the cross of the pointed edge 28 at the tip apex 32 are connected, but they may also be disconnected.

In the configuration of the angled blade portion 20, an example has been described in which a set of rectangular blades 26 or pointed blades 28 are arranged along the slopes 23, 23 between the slopes 23 that slope toward the flat top 30 or pointed top 32 at the base 22, and these sets are arranged in a row vertically and horizontally when viewed from the front, forming a single angled blade portion. However, a single angled blade portion 20 may also be formed by arranging a total of five or more sets. In this case, the total number of slopes on one angled blade portion 20 will be ten or more, and the total number of rectangular blades 26 or pointed blades 28 will be five or more.

In the above example, the flat top 30 or pointed top 32 of the angled cutting portion 20 is formed with the rectangular blades 26 or pointed blades 28 in a cross shape. However, when five or more of the above sets are arranged, the flat top 30 or pointed top 32 of the angled cutting portion 20 is formed with the rectangular blades 26 or pointed blades 28 in a roughly square shape (when five sets are arranged in total) or a radial shape (when six sets are arranged in total) depending on the combination of the bases of the multiple inclined recesses 34.

Alternatively, three sets (top right and left when viewed from the front) may be combined, each set having a rectangular blade 26 or a pointed blade 28 arranged along the slopes 23, 23 between the slopes 23 that slope toward the flat top 30 or the pointed top 32, and the other (bottom when viewed from the front) may have a different shape. In other words, the above set does not have to be formed on all sides, top, bottom, left, and right when viewed from the front, and some may have different shapes.

The angled cutting edge 20 may have other frustum shapes. Examples of frustum shapes include circular cones and polygonal pyramids. Examples of polygonal pyramid shapes include triangular pyramids and square pyramids. The apex of the frustum may be a horizontal or inclined surface, or may be a curved surface, and a portion of the apex may be truncated.

Next, we will explain the notched truncated cone cutting portion 50. The notched truncated cone cutting portion 50 is a truncated cone, and specifically, it has a shape in which a portion of the truncated cone is cut out from the tip surface 56 side to the opposite side (surface 5 side) (see Figure 8).

The notched truncated cone-shaped cutting portion 50 is mainly composed of a slope 53, a tip surface 56, and a notched surface 57. It has a tapered shape from the tip surface 56 side toward the surface 5 of the blade plate 3, and is formed so that its height gradually increases toward the tip surface 56. The slope 53 slopes gently toward the tip surface 56. The apex of the notched truncated cone-shaped cutting portion 50 is the tip surface 56. This tip surface 56 may have any shape. For example, it may be a horizontal surface or a curved surface, or it may be partially truncated. It may also have a beak-like shape pointing downward. The notched surface 57 may also have any shape. For example, the bottom surface of the notched truncated cone-shaped cutting portion 50 may be perpendicular to the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 or may form an inclined angle thereto. It may also have a flat surface or a polyhedral shape.

The blade portions 10 (angular blade portions 20, notched truncated cone blade portions 50) protruding from the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 can be divided, for example, from top to bottom into the top, second, third, and bottommost rows, but more or less than this number may be used as long as the effects of the present invention can be achieved. In other words, the number of blade portions 10 and the number of rows are not important.

The height of each blade section 10 may be the same for the top, second, third, and bottom sections, or the second and third sections may be higher than the top and bottom sections. If the blade section 10 on the top section is higher than the blade sections 10 on the other sections, the object to be crushed CM can be crushed while being pressed down from above.

Furthermore, the blade portions 10 can be arranged in a parallel pattern, but a staggered arrangement as shown in Figure 1 is preferable. When the angled blade portions 20 and the truncated conical blade portions 50 are arranged in a staggered pattern, it is preferable to connect the angled blade portions 20 and the truncated conical blade portions 50 with rib-shaped blade portions 60. Next, we will explain the multiple rib-shaped blade portions 60 (first and second embodiments) that protrude from the surface 5 of the blade 1.

The rib-shaped cutting portion 60 in the first embodiment has a roughly rectangular truncated shape consisting of a rectangular cutting edge 66 at the top and inclined surfaces 63, 63 continuing on both sides of this rectangular cutting edge 66. The length can be any length as long as it allows the angle-shaped cutting portion 20 and the notched truncated cone-shaped cutting portion 50 to be connected to each other.

The rib-shaped cutting portion 60 of the second embodiment (not shown) has a roughly triangular truncated shape consisting of a pointed edge at the top and inclined surfaces continuing on both sides of this pointed edge. In other words, the rib-shaped cutting portion 60 of the second embodiment has a pointed edge that corresponds to the rectangular edge 66 of the rib-shaped cutting portion 60 of the first embodiment. The length can be any length as long as it can connect the angle-shaped cutting portion 20 and the notched truncated cone-shaped cutting portion 50 together.

When the blade portions 10 (angle-shaped blade portions 20, notched truncated conical blade portions 50) are arranged in a staggered pattern, the rib-shaped blade portions 60 are arranged by connecting the blade portions 10 at an angle. In other words, a diamond shape can be formed by the four staggered angle-shaped blade portions 20 and the rib-shaped blade portions 60 that connect them. In other words, the angle-shaped blade portions 20, etc. are positioned at the apexes of the rib-shaped blade portions 60. The area surrounded by each blade portion 10 (angle-shaped blade portions 20, notched truncated conical blade portions 50) and each rib-shaped blade portion 60 is the mating area MA, and the mating blade portion 10 (angle-shaped blade portion 20, notched truncated conical blade portion 50) is mated with this mating area MA. Specifically, when the movable blade 12 moves forward, the angled blade portion 20 or notched frustoconical blade portion 50 of the movable blade 12 fits into the fitting area MA of the fixed blade 11, and the angled blade portion 20 or notched frustoconical blade portion 50 of the fixed blade 11 fits into the fitting area MA of the movable blade 12.

Furthermore, the height relationship between the rib-shaped cutting portion 60 and the angled cutting portion 20 or notched truncated conical cutting portion 50 is set so that the angled cutting portion 20 or notched truncated conical cutting portion 50 is higher than the rib-shaped cutting portion 60. Specifically, it is desirable that the peak of the rib-shaped cutting portion 60 be located halfway up the base 22 of the angled cutting portion 20 or notched truncated conical cutting portion 50 in a side view. The combination of locations on the blade plate 3 where the rib-shaped cutting portion 60 is provided and locations where it is not provided is arbitrary.

In addition, the vertical blades 71 and horizontal blades 72 may be formed in a grid pattern or the like above the blade plate 3. When the vertical blades 71 and horizontal blades 72 are provided above the blade plate 3, the vertical blades 71 and horizontal blades 72 will have mountain-shaped blade portions 20 or notched truncated cone-shaped blade portions 50 or the like below them. The vertical blades 71 and horizontal blades 72 are expected to have the effect of suppressing the object to be crushed CM that attempts to move upward during crushing.

Furthermore, a cross-shaped blade portion 40 or the like may be provided protruding from the surface 5 of the blade plate 3, and the angled blade portions 20 or the truncated cone-shaped blade portions 50 may be connected by the cross-shaped blade portion 40. In Figure 1, etc., the lowest angled blade portion 20 is connected to the third angled blade portion 20. Alternatively, a stone-shaped blade portion 10 may be provided protruding from the lower end.

In Figures 1, 3, etc., the cross-shaped blade portion 40 is provided within the mating area MA surrounded by the angled blade portion 20 and each rib-shaped blade portion 60. The lowest angled blade portion 20 is connected to the third angled blade portion 20, and the lowest angled blade portion 20 is connected to the third angled blade portion 20 and the second angled blade portion 20.

In the blade 1 for the crusher 100 of the present invention, the surfaces 5 on both ends of the blade plate 3 in the left-right direction LR are inclined inward (towards the center) CS, and these portions are designated as inclined portions 7. In other words, the surface 5 on the left end of the blade plate 3 when viewed from the front is inclined inward CS, and the surface 5 on the right end of the blade plate 3 when viewed from the front is also inclined inward. Both of these inclined portions 7, 7 are inclined so that they face the inner CS side of the blade plate.

By sloping the surface 5 from the end of the blade 1 toward the inner CS side, the object to be crushed CM that tries to escape to the outside during crushing can be guided toward the inner CS. In other words, the object to be crushed CM is pushed toward the inner CS side of the blade 1, preventing it from escaping to the outside.

In the fixed blade 11 shown in FIG. 1 and the movable blade 12 shown in FIG. 3, inclined portions 7 are provided at the left and right lower corners of the surface 5 of the blade plate 3. In FIGS. 1, 3, etc., a bottom support inclined surface 80 is provided in the left-right direction LR below the surface 5 of the blade plate 3, and the upper ends of this bottom support inclined surface 80 slope downward toward the left and right ends, with the inclined portions 7 continuing from the downwardly sloping bottom support inclined surface 80. In other words, the inclined portions 7, which slope inward on the surface 5 at both left and right ends of the blade plate 3, are provided at the lowest level. In the fixed blade 11, an inclined portion 7 is provided between the lowest blade portion 10 and the third blade portion 10. Similarly, in the movable blade 12, an inclined portion 7 is provided between the lowest blade portion 10 and the third blade portion 10.

The angle of inclination of the inclined portion 7 is not particularly limited, and may be any angle that achieves the effects of the present invention. The movable blade 12 and the fixed blade 11 fit together when the movable blade 12 moves forward relative to the fixed blade 11, but the mating blade portion 10 that fits into the inclined portion 7 has a structure consisting of half a vertical cross section (a split blade). Therefore, if the angle of the inclined portion 7 is large (deep), the blade portion with a structure consisting of half a vertical cross section that fits there may become longer.

Furthermore, a band-shaped portion 7a in the up-down direction UD is provided that is connected to the outer end of this inclined portion 7. In other words, by providing the band-shaped portion 7a along the outer edge of the inclined portion 7, the strength of the blade 1 itself is increased. The height, width, up-down, left-right angles, and angle at which the inclined portion 7 and the band-shaped portion 7a connect are not important. For example, the height of the band-shaped portion 7a may be a rising wall in the up-down direction UD that rises from the inclined portion 7. The width of the band-shaped portion 7a may be approximately the same as the rectangular blade 26 of the angled cutting portion 20, but it does not have to be approximately the same width. The angle of the band-shaped portion 7a may or may not be parallel to the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 other than the inclined portion 7.

The blade portions 10 protruding from the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 are angled blade portions 20 or notched frusto-conical blade portions 50, but these angled blade portions 20 or notched frusto-conical blade portions 50 may protrude from the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 with their longitudinal cross sections divided. Specifically, the angled blade portions 20 or notched frusto-conical blade portions 50 protruding from both ends of the blade plate 3 in the left-right direction (LR) protrude from the surface 5 with their longitudinal cross sections divided.

Furthermore, since the cross-sectionally divided angled cutting portion 20 and notched truncated conical cutting portion 50 are located at the ends of the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 in the left-right direction LR and constitute approximately half of the surface, it is desirable that they be made strong. Therefore, the components that make up the angled cutting portion 20 and notched truncated conical cutting portion 50 are structurally larger, wider, and thicker than angled cutting portions 20 and notched truncated conical cutting portions 50 that are not cross-sectionally divided.

As described above, the angled cutting portion 20 and the notched truncated cone cutting portion 50 at the ends of the left-right direction LR on the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 have a structure that is half of a vertical cross section. The inclined portions 7 are provided on both ends of the blade plate 3 in the left-right direction LR. Therefore, the inclined portions 7 are adjacent to the angled cutting portion 20 and the notched truncated cone cutting portion 50, which have a structure that is half of a vertical cross section.

In the case of a configuration in which a rib-shaped cutting portion 60 is further protruded from the surface 5 of the blade plate 3 as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the portions on both ends surrounded by the vertically divided angle-shaped cutting portion 20 and the rib-shaped cutting portion 60, etc., form the inclined portions 7.

The material of the blade 1, which is made up of the blade plate 3 and the blade portion 10, can be any material as long as it is capable of crushing the object to be crushed CM. Examples include special steels such as carbon steel for mechanical structures (SC) and alloy steel for mechanical structures (SCM, etc.), and alloy castings based on ordinary cast steel FCD. Other examples include hard materials with high wear resistance, wear-resistant cast steel, and high-manganese cast steel.

If the blade 1 is made of high-manganese cast steel, it is high-manganese cast steel SCMnH11 cast steel (JIS G5131) containing 11 to 14% by mass of manganese. In other words, it has a manganese content of 11 to 14% by mass. However, the manganese content may be more than 15% by mass, for example, more than 20% by mass.

The composition of high-manganese cast steel is specified in JIS, with Fe as the main component, and the following mass percentages: C: 0.70-1.35%, Si: 0.3-0.9%, Mn: 6.00-19.00%, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.040% or less, and Cr: 1.5-3.00%. Of these, C: 1.12-1.14%, Si: 0.43-0.46%, Mn: 12.25-12.79%, P: 0.050%, S: 0.01%, and Cr: 2.17-2.30% are desirable.

Among the above ingredients, the inclusion of chromium (Cr) makes the blade itself stronger. However, considering ease of processing, high-manganese cast steel that contains as little chromium as possible is preferable. Some steels contain no chromium at all, while others are allowed to contain around 1%.

An example of the configuration of a crusher 100 in which the fixed blade 11 and movable blade 12 of the present invention are arranged will be described.

The crusher 100 comprises a pair of left and right main body frames 110, 110 arranged side by side, a fixed blade 11 arranged vertically between the main body frames 110, 110, and a movable blade 12 that moves back and forth relative to the fixed blade 11.It is configured as an open top and bottom machine with an upper open section UO into which the material to be crushed CM is fed and a lower open section LO from which crushed waste material is discharged.

One side of each of the two main body frames 110, 110 is fixed to the other via the fixed blade 11. Specifically, the fixed blade 11, which has a threaded hole, is fixed to the front side F of each of the two main body frames 110, 110 via a fastener such as a bolt. The other side of each of the two main body frames 110, 110 is fixed to the other via the rear frame 111. Specifically, the rear frame 111, which has a threaded hole, is fixed to the rear side B of each of the two main body frames 110, 110 via a fastener such as a bolt. In this way, the fixed blade 11 and rear frame 111 are fixed to the main body frames 110, 110.

The fixed blade 11 may also be fixed via a fixed blade holder 120 (see Figure 10, etc.). Specifically, a fixed blade holder 120 having a screw hole with a thread groove is fixed to the front side F of both main body frames 110, 110 via a fastener such as a bolt, and the fixed blade 11 is fixed to the fixed blade holder 120 having a screw hole with a thread groove via a fastener such as a bolt.

The fixed blade holder 120 has a vertical or inclined surface, and the fixed blade 11 is fixed to the vertical or inclined surface. Therefore, when the fixed blade 11 is fixed to a fixed blade holder 120 with a vertical surface, the fixed blade 11 will be fixed vertically (see Figure 10). On the other hand, when the fixed blade 11 is fixed to a fixed blade holder 120 with an inclined surface, the fixed blade 11 will be fixed at an angle (not shown). Note that the fixed blade holder 120 may be an integrated type, or may be a split type consisting of an upper fixed blade holder and a lower fixed blade holder.

When the fixed blade 11 is installed at an angle relative to both main body frames 110, 110, the V-shaped crushing space S formed between the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12 can be made wider, allowing relatively large objects to be crushed CM to be fed in.

Furthermore, when the fixed blade 11 is positioned perpendicular to both main body frames 110, 110, the V-shaped crushing space S formed between the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12 may be narrower than when the fixed blade 11 is inclined. However, when the movable blade 12 reaches its forward limit position, the movable blade 12 and the fixed blade 11 face each other approximately horizontally from front to back, and the crushing space S formed between the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12 becomes narrower, allowing the object to be crushed CM to be crushed more finely.

The movable blade 12 is supported on a fulcrum shaft 140 that is installed between the two main body frames 110, 110. Specifically, the movable blade 12 is supported on the fulcrum shaft 140 by a semicircular support portion formed on the underside of the movable blade 12. The fulcrum shaft 140 is then covered with a fulcrum shaft cap 142 and secured with a fastener such as a bolt (see Figure 11).

Furthermore, the fulcrum shaft 140 is supported by bearings that fit into large frame holes 145 opened in both main body frames 110, 110. Support blocks 146 (bearing position adjustment blocks) are fitted in front and behind the bearings in the frame holes 145. In other words, the position of the fulcrum shaft 140 can be changed by adjusting the number of support blocks 146 on the left and right within the frame holes 145 by inserting or removing the support blocks 146 that fit into the frame holes 145. This makes it possible to adjust the size of the crushing space S and the downward opening LO formed between the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12.

Another configuration for changing the position of the fulcrum shaft 140, although not shown, is one that uses a bearing, metal installed inside the bearing, an eccentric bushing, and a fastener for securing the eccentric bushing to the bearing. With this configuration, the fastener such as a bolt is removed, the eccentric bushing is rotated to change the position of the fulcrum shaft, and after changing the eccentric bushing, the eccentric bushing is fixed with a fastener such as a bolt to secure the eccentric bushing in place. In this way, the position of the fulcrum shaft can be changed and fixed.

The cylinder 150 that moves the moving blade 12 back and forth is preferably attached to the crusher 100 by a trunnion structure, but may also be attached by other methods. An example of a trunnion structure will be described below.

The following describes the installation of the cylinder 150 to the crusher 100 (rear frame 111). The rear frame 111 is drilled with vertically elliptical through-holes larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder 150. The cylinder 150 is inserted into this through-hole and pivoted for free rotation (up and down movement) via the axles of trunnion bodies 153 protruding from both the left and right sides. Specifically, the trunnion body 153 is inserted and fixed into the tip of the cylinder 150, and trunnion bearings 155 are fixed to the rear frame 111 (on both sides of the through-hole). The cylinder 150 is pivoted to the trunnion bearings 155 via the axles of the trunnion bodies 153 for free vertical movement. This structure allows the cylinder 150 to pivot relative to the rear frame 111, allowing the cylinder 150 to move up and down (swing up and down) within the through-hole. When attaching the cylinder 150 to the crusher 100, other components such as a trunnion base with a through hole may be used.

The following describes how the piston rod 151 is fixed to the movable blade 12. A double-ridged clevis 162 is fixed to the back of the movable blade 12, and a single-ridged clevis 161 is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 151. The single-ridged clevis 161 is pivotally attached to the double-ridged clevis 162 via an axis so that it can rotate (move up and down). With this structure, the movable blade 12 can pivot (swing up and down) relative to the piston rod 151, with the axis as the fulcrum.

The main components of this crusher 100 are a fixed blade 11 that is fixedly supported vertically or at an angle relative to the crusher 100, and a movable blade 12 that is supported on a fulcrum shaft 140 that is installed between the main body frames 110, 110, and is inclined relative to the main body frames 110, 110 at the rearmost position, and is approximately perpendicular to the main body frames 110, 110 at the forwardmost position, and moves back and forth around the fulcrum shaft 140 as the piston rod 151 of the cylinder 150 installed in the rear frame 111 moves back and forth. The material to be crushed CM is supplied to the V-shaped crushing space S formed between the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12, and the movable blade 12 moves forward relative to the fixed blade 11, crushing the material to be crushed CM.

One or more liners 115 can be attached and detached to the inside of both main frames 110, 110 using fasteners such as bolts. It is also possible to use a configuration in which these fasteners such as bolts are ground to a nearly flush surface using polishing means.

The liner 115 is made of a high-hardness material with wear resistance, such as cemented carbide. By providing the liner 115 to both main body frames 110, 110, it is possible to avoid impacts from the objects to be crushed CM on both main body frames 110, 110, thereby improving the durability and extending the lifespan of both main body frames 110, 110. It also prevents friction between the main body frames 110, 110 and the blade 1. The hardness of the liner 115 is, for example, approximately HRC 50 to HRC 60.

It is desirable to equip the crusher 100 with a decompression circuit. By providing a decompression circuit, excessive pressure from the moving blade 12 is suppressed. In particular, when crushing non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, the decompression circuit releases pressure from the cylinder 150, reducing the recoil of the moving blade and mitigating vibrations during crushing.

Regarding the movable blade 12, the configuration has been described in which the tip of the piston rod 151 is fixed (pivoted) to the back surface of the movable blade 12 via a double-ridge clevis 162 and a single-ridge clevis 161, but it may also be fixed via a movable blade holder (not shown).

A semicircular support section is formed on the underside of the movable blade holder, which is supported on the fulcrum shaft 140 via this support section. The fulcrum shaft 140 is then covered with a fulcrum shaft cap 142 and fixed with a fastener such as a bolt. A double-ridge clevis is then fixed to the back of the movable blade holder, and a single-ridge clevis is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 151, with the single-ridge clevis connected to the double clevis via the shaft so that it can rotate (move up and down). The movable blade 12 is then fixed to the movable blade holder, which has a threaded hole, via a fastener such as a bolt. With this structure, the movable blade holder and movable blade 12 can pivot (swing up and down) around the shaft as a fulcrum.

The angled blade portion 20 of the first embodiment is configured so that when the movable blade 12 advances and reaches its forward limit position, a gap (approximately 5 mm to 20 mm) is created between the blade portion 10 of the fixed blade 11 and the blade portion 10 of the movable blade 12. Therefore, the blade portion 10 of the fixed blade 11 and the blade portion 10 of the movable blade 12 do not fully mesh. For example, if the object to be crushed CM is iron-based, it is possible to "break" it, so it is desirable to use the angled blade portion 20 of the first embodiment, in which a gap is created between the two blade portions 10, 10. However, it is also possible for the movable blade 12 to be configured so that no gap is created between the blade portion 10 of the fixed blade 11 and the blade portion 10 of the movable blade 12 when the movable blade 12 advances and reaches its forward limit position.

In the second embodiment, with respect to the angled blade portion 20, when the movable blade 12 reaches its forward limit position, the blade portions 10, 10 may or may not intermesh. If the blade portions 10 of the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12 are formed with the same size pitch, the blade portions 10 of the fixed blade 11 and the movable blade 12 will intermesh when the movable blade 12 reaches its forward limit position. Therefore, the blade portions 10 of the fixed blade 11 and the blade portions 10 of the movable blade 12 collide with each other (for example, the tips of the blade portions 10 are pressed against the surface 5 of the blade plate 3) and are "cut." For example, in the case of materials to be crushed CM (pure aluminum, magnesium alloy), plastic compounds, zinc alloys, etc., which are difficult to "break," it is desirable to use intermeshing blade portions 10.

The object to be crushed (CM) can be broken or cut by the rectangular blade 26, the edge portions at the ends of the rectangular blade 26 at the base 22 and flat top 30, and the pointed blade 28 at the base 22 and pointed top 32.

The present invention has been described above based on each embodiment, but it is not limited to the above embodiments. Modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the techniques described in each embodiment or other publicly known or well-known techniques may be combined. Note that some parts of the drawings have been omitted to make the invention easier to understand.

1: Blade 3: Blade plate 5: Surface 7: Inclined portion 7a: Band-shaped portion 10: Blade portion 11: Fixed blade 12: Moving blade 20: Mountain-shaped blade portion 22: Base portion 23: Inclined surface 26: Rectangular blade 28: Pointed blade 30: Flat top portion 32: Pointed top portion 34: Inclined recess 40: Cross blade portion 50: Notched truncated cone-shaped blade portion 53: Inclined surface 56: Tip surface 57: Notched surface 60: Ribbed blade portion 63: Inclined surface 66: Rectangular blade 67: Pointed blade 71: Vertical blade 72: Horizontal blade 80: Bottom receiving inclined surface 100: Crusher 110: Main body frame 111: Rear frame 115: Liner 120: Fixed blade holder 140: Fulcrum shaft 142: Fulcrum shaft cap 145: Frame hole 146: Support block 150: Cylinder 151: Piston rod 153: Trunnion body 155: Trunnion bearing 161: Single clevis 162: Double clevis B: Rear side F: Front side S: Crushing space CM: Object to be crushed CS: Inside UD: Up-down direction LR: Left-right direction MA: Fitting area UO: Upper opening LO: Lower opening

Claims (5)

A blade for a crusher having a plurality of blade portions protruding from a surface of a blade plate,
The blade portion is a mountain-shaped blade portion or a notched truncated cone-shaped blade portion,
The angled blade portions or the notched truncated cone blade portions are arranged in a staggered pattern,
the angled cutting portion or the notched frusto-conical cutting portion protruding from the surface of each of the right and left end sides of the blade plate has a structure obtained by dividing a vertical cross section into halves,
a lowermost inclined portion is provided on a surface of each of both left and right end sides of the blade plate such that the surface is inclined inward, and a vertical band-like portion is provided which is continuous with the outer end of the inclined portion.
the surface of the blade plate further includes a plurality of rib-shaped blade portions and/or cross-shaped blade portions,
2. The cutter for a crusher according to claim 1, wherein the ribbed blade portion and/or the cross blade portion are connected to the angled blade portion and/or the notched truncated cone blade portion.
The blade for a crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blade is made of high-manganese cast steel containing 11% to 14% by mass of manganese.
The knife comprises a pair of left and right body frames, a fixed blade disposed between the body frames, and a movable blade that moves back and forth relative to the fixed blades,
A crusher having an upper opening portion into which materials to be crushed are input and a lower opening portion from which materials to be crushed are discharged,
A crusher, wherein the fixed blade and/or the movable blade is the blade according to claim 1 or 2.
The knife comprises a pair of left and right body frames, a fixed blade disposed between the body frames, and a movable blade that moves back and forth relative to the fixed blades,
A crusher having an upper opening portion into which materials to be crushed are input and a lower opening portion from which materials to be crushed are discharged,
A crusher, wherein the fixed blade and/or the movable blade is the blade according to claim 3.