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WO2025229380A1 - Système de capture de gaz pour production instantanée de natrite verte - Google Patents

Système de capture de gaz pour production instantanée de natrite verte

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Publication number
WO2025229380A1
WO2025229380A1 PCT/IB2024/054279 IB2024054279W WO2025229380A1 WO 2025229380 A1 WO2025229380 A1 WO 2025229380A1 IB 2024054279 W IB2024054279 W IB 2024054279W WO 2025229380 A1 WO2025229380 A1 WO 2025229380A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
anhydrous
natrite
reactor tube
natrites
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/IB2024/054279
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jorge Luis ALMARZA CASTILLO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ecological World For Life Sas
Original Assignee
Ecological World For Life Sas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ecological World For Life Sas filed Critical Ecological World For Life Sas
Priority to PCT/IB2024/054279 priority Critical patent/WO2025229380A1/fr
Publication of WO2025229380A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025229380A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/606—Carbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/50—Carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to industrial chemistry, specifically a gas capture system/method designed to produce anhydrous natrites instantly from industrial emission gases containing carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • Natrite is a relatively recently discovered mineral from the early 1980s (Khomyakov, A. P., 1983. Natrite, Na2CO3-anew mineral. International Geology Review, 25(9), 1111-1116). It represents a distinct molecular form of anhydrous carbonate, free from any other elements. In contrast to hydrated sodium carbonates such as soda, thermonatrite, nacolite, and trona, which are secondary carbonates originating from supergenic decomposition, natrites are primary sodium minerals. They are transparent, colorless, water-free, and possess unique physical, chemical, and crystallographic properties compared to other forms. Natrite is a valuable mineral widely used in various industries such as concrete and asphalt production, sodium-ion batteries, glass and concrete production, particularly in Green Industries.
  • the present invention discloses a system (100) and a method for extracting (green) anhydrous natrites from polluting gases containing carbon dioxide (CO2) consisting of several key components.
  • the system and method comprise a reactor tube (102) designed to accommodate a flue gas feed or stream within a temperature range of 200-500 degrees Celsius.
  • the reactor tube is equipped with one or more gas inlets (104) that facilitate the inflow of a flue gas stream into the reactor tube (102).
  • the system and method feature one or more Chemical Converter (CQ) inlets (106) which are configured to introduce at least one CQ to an injection system directly into the reactor tube (102), aligned with the direction of gas flow.
  • CQ Chemical Converter
  • a pin mill system (108) is integrated into the setup.
  • This pin mill system (108) is responsible for processing CQ into varying diameters before they enter the reactor tube (102), enhancing the efficiency of the reaction process. Further, the system and method include gas outlets (110) which enable the recovery of the anhydrous natrites produced during the extraction process. Additionally, a pin mill system (108 b) configured to homogenize the size of the anhydrous natrite obtained. The pin mill system (108b) can be used after the natrite is formed to obtain a uniform size. Together, these components form a comprehensive system and method designed to efficiently extract anhydrous natrites from polluting gases, contributing to the mitigation of environmental pollution and resulting in a green useful product with negative carbon footprint (NCFP).
  • NCFP green useful product with negative carbon footprint
  • the injection system and method comprises a micro-spray nozzle with an inlet for the at least one CQ, the inlet ranging in diameter from 20pm to 1000pm.
  • reaction rate of the solid-gas interface to produce natrite 1.9x109 s-1 (moFL)-l as opposed to the reaction rate of carbon dioxide capture in conventional aqueous solutions to produce Na2CO3 which is
  • the injection of the chemical converters is configured to decrease the total consumption time of the NaOH bead and natrite production to less than 3 seconds.
  • the micro-spray nozzle is configured to inject the CQ at different angles and heigths to increase the interaction of the interface (solid gas and/or liquid-gas) and favor the production of anhydrous natrites.
  • the chemical converters enter at different angles
  • the injection of the chemical converters is configured to increase the reaction time and the capture of all the input gases.
  • the CQ is selected from a group consisting of alkaline, polar, and hydrate analytes with an ability to react with CO2 when stripped off its solvation layer.
  • the alkaline analyte has an alkaline percentage is 20-50%.
  • the at least one CQ is a solid or liquid and is obtained from industrial brine.
  • the chemical converters are solid or liquid and are obtained from the electrolysis of industrial brines.
  • the CQ is Sodium hydroxide.
  • the system is not limited to the use of CQ in solution but can also be used directly in solid form with diameters ranging from 5 to 1000 microns in diameter or larger, and which can also be dispersed by spray systems.
  • the particle size of the chemical converters is between 5 microns and 100 mm in dimaeter, more preferably between 10 microns and 90 mm, more preferably between 20 microns and 70 mm, more preferably between 30 microns and 60 mm, more preferably between 30 microns and 40 mm, more preferably between 30 microns and 10 mm, and more preferably from 20 to 1000 microns.
  • the flue gas is sourced from industrial or atmospheric sources.
  • the industrial source is an industrial chimney.
  • system and method comprise a pre-reactor CQ storage tank to store said CQ before injecting them into the reactor tube (102).
  • the system and method comprises a storage tank (112) to store anhydrous natrite.
  • the anhydrous natrites exit the reactor tube (102) by the flue gas drive and are stored in the storage tank (112) by gravitational force.
  • the natrite obtained has a negative carbon footprint that is between -0.33 to -1.5 kg CO2eq/kg natrite produced depending on the carbon footprint of the CQ.
  • gas inlets (104) and the CQ inlets (106) are situated at the base/side or at different angles and heights of the system.
  • the system comprises a regeneration unit (114) attached to the gas outlets (110), wherein the regeneration unit (114) comprises titanates for the regeneration of raw materials from the system exhaust.
  • the system comprises a heat extraction unit to extract, store, and reuse energy from the system for reuse.
  • the reactor comprises a heat extraction system configured to maintain the stability of the gas capture, the chemical transformation of the reactants to natrite and to prevent the decomposition of the minerals obtained.
  • the system comprise one or more dynamic separators (116) having an outlet in its upper part through which the clean gases are removed and an outlet in its lower part for the recovery of the anhydrous natrite.
  • the material produced instantly is separated by the natural impulsion of the gases but is not limited to the use of mechanical systems such as dynamic separators (116) to guarantee discrimination with the particulate material of the combustion gases.
  • the captured solid products are transported continuously to a tank or go to a regeneration system that may include regeneration with titanates to obtain the raw material and commercial CO2 (high purity) in case it is necessary to continue capturing industrial pollutants emitted by smokestacks and/or industrial chimneys.
  • a regeneration system may include regeneration with titanates to obtain the raw material and commercial CO2 (high purity) in case it is necessary to continue capturing industrial pollutants emitted by smokestacks and/or industrial chimneys.
  • the present invention discloses a method of extracting and/or producing (green) anhydrous natrites from flue gases containing carbon dioxide (CO2) through a solid-gas reaction that involves exposing, an alkaline solution to flue gas within a temperature range of 200-500 degrees Celsius. This exposure serves to remove the solvation layer from the alkaline solution, thereby transforming it into a solid phase. Concurrently, a reaction is initiated between the solid-phase alkaline and carbon dioxide (CO2) present in the flue gas. This reaction results in the production of anhydrous natrites in their anhydrous form.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the invention provides a gas capture method (100) for extracting (green) anhydrous natrites from polluting gases containing carbon dioxide (CO2), wherein the method comprises the steps of receiving a flue gas feed or stream at a temperature range of 100-800 degrees Celsius, and preferably 200- 500 degrees Celsius by means of a reactor tube, feeding a flue gas stream into the reactor tube (102) by means of one or more gas inlets (104), introducing at least one chemical converter CQ via an injection system into the reactor tube (102), aligned with gas flow direction by means of one or more CQ inlets (106), processing the CQ into varying diameters before entering the reactor tube (102) by means of a pin mill system (108), recovering of the anhydrous natrites and carbon dioxide (CO2) by means of gas outlets (110) ; and homogenizing the size of the anhydrous natrite obtained by means of a pin mill system (108 b).
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the general representation of the capture system in one embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the general representation of an “idealized” magnified section of the capture system including the representation of the CQ in solution and after the removal of the solvation layer in a section of the reactor;
  • Fig. 3 shows the capture system for the formation of the high-purity natrite instantaneously.
  • the reactor system (hollow cylinder or hollow tube) is shown, which can be linked to a dynamic separator in case the source gas contains particulate matter in one embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a chart showing the kinetic advantages as a consequence of the differences in the activation energy of the exothermic reaction profile of a polar CQ interacting with CO2 in the solid-gas interface and the liquid-gas interface;
  • Fig. 5 shows the Gas (CO2) capture and transformation system for instant natrite production, storage unit, and raw material regeneration unit;
  • Fig. 6 is a chart illustrating the experimental CO2 capture system (with the initial concentration of CO2 at 22%) for the production of anhydrous natrite with respect to the time(in seconds) and the depletion of the CO2 in the reactor with time;
  • Fig. 7 shows the X-ray powder diffraction spectra of natrite anhydrous obtained with the use of CQ microbeads in one embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 8 illustrates the Industrial setup of the systems of the present invention for instantaneous natrite capture and production system.
  • Fig. 9 illustrtates the different CQ solution dispersion angles generated by micro-spray nozzles.
  • Fig 10. Illustrates the CQ injection at different heights to ensure 100% CO2 capture.
  • the chemical converter enters the reaction unit with the help of microspray nozzles from the base and sides so that the reaction with the gas of interest occurs differently than the conventional reaction with alkaline solutions a)
  • the chemical converter microdroplets (brine with concentrated NaOH) are dehydrated as a consequence of the high temperatures of the combustion gases CQ(solution) A CQ(solid) b)
  • step (a) has occurred, the reaction occurs in a more reactive interface or solid (NaOH)-gas (CO2) interface.
  • the new reaction condition mentioned is significantly more reactive as demonstrated by the experimental results.
  • step a The entry of the CQ into the empty reaction tube occurs in the same direction as the flow of the gases (CO2) that pass through the hollow tube (figure 1).
  • the CQ solution takes advantage of the heat energy of the combustion gases so that the natrite produced is obtained anhydrous and the costly steps of the unit processes (UP) of precipitation-crystallization (UPI), separation-filtration (UPII) and drying (PUIII) are not necessary.
  • This invention is not limited only to the spraying of microdroplets of solution but can also use spray nozzles for the entry of CQ in solid state with diameters ranging from 20 microns to 1000 microns or larger.
  • This method is not limited only to NaOH but is also applicable to any alkaline, polar and/or water-soluble (hydrated) analyte at any concentration with the ability to react with CO2 when it is deprived of its solvation layer.
  • micro chemical converters dispersed in the reactor come into contact with the hot combustion gases, whose temperature favors the dehydration or loss of the respective solvation layer, and solid particles are produced for the solid-gas reaction to occur.
  • This reaction [CO2(g)-CQ(solid)] is significantly faster than the reaction that occurs when CQ is in solution because it has a lower activation energy (Ea) as seen in Figure 4.
  • the temperature of the combustion gases is variable and depends on many factors but can generally include ranges between 100-800 degrees Celsius, preferably, 100-700 degrees Celsius, preferably, 200-700 degrees celsisus, and more preferably, 200-500 degrees Celsius.
  • This range of temperatures is provided by the gases from industrial chimneys and is important to carry out the dehydration of the CQ mentioned in the previous step. It is important to mention that the use of this caloric energy from the chimney gases is a competitive advantage because it is avoided the drying stage of the reaction product (natrite), which implies that the process is more economical and requires less energy, carbon footprint (less environmental impact or negative footprint).
  • the capture reactor is not self-limiting but can be linked to a heat extraction system or an organic cycle that takes advantage of the exotherm (energy release) of the reaction to produce any other form of energy, including electricity.
  • the reactor (hollow cylinder or hollow tube) is not self-limiting and can be connected to one or more pin grinding systems that allow obtaining solid beads of different diameters.
  • the gas impulsion allows the mineral to exit the reaction tube and fall by gravity to a storage tank.
  • the method can produce high purity natrite at CO2 concentrations including a range of 0.04% up to 100%.
  • the theoretical and experimental results show that regardless of the CO2 concentrations, the chemical converters react instantly (Eyring kinetics) in less than a second, depending on the diameter of the particle obtained during the aforementioned dehydration or the grinding system used in case of using spray nozzles with solids to enter the CQ into the reactor.
  • the invention provides a gas capture method (100) for extracting (green) anhydrous natrites from polluting gases containing carbon dioxide (CO2), wherein the method comprises the steps of receiving a flue gas feed or stream at a temperature range of 200-500 degrees Celsius by means of a reactor tube, feeding a flue gas stream into the reactor tube (102) by means of one or more gas inlets (104), introducing at least one chemical converter CQ via an injection system into the reactor tube (102), aligned with gas flow direction by means of one or more CQ inlets (106), processing CQ into varying diameters before entering the reactor tube (102) by means of a pin mill system (108), recovering of the anhydrous natrites and carbon dioxide (CO2) by means of gas outlets (110) ; and homogenizing the size of the anhydrous natrite obtained by means of a pin mill system (108 b).
  • the injection system used in the method comprises a micro-spray nozzle with an inlet for the at least one CQ, the inlet ranging in diameter from 20pm to 1000pm.
  • the method comprises the step of increasing the interaction of the interface (solid-gas and/or liquid-gas) by means of the microspray nozzle that injects the CQ at different angles thereby favoring the production of anhydrous natrites.
  • the CQ of the method is selected from a group consisting of alkaline, polar, and hydrate analytes with an ability to react with CO2 when stripped off its solvation layer.
  • the alkaline analyte of the method has an alkaline percentage is 20-50%.
  • the at least one CQ of the method is solid or liquid.
  • the CQ of the method are obtained from industrial brine.
  • the at least one CQ of the method is sodium hydroxide.
  • the flue gas of the method is sourced from industrial or atmospheric sources.
  • the CQ used in the method is stored in a prereactor CQ storage tank before injecting them into the reactor tube (102).
  • the method comprises the step of storing anhydrous natrite by means of a a storage tank (112).
  • the anhydrous natrites exit the reactor tube (102) by the flue gas drive and are stored in the storage tank (112) by gravitational force.
  • the gas inlets (104) and the CQ inlets (106) are situated at the base/side of the system.
  • the method comprises titanates for the regeneration of raw materials from the system exhaust and wherein the titanates are located in a regeneration unit (114) attached to the gas outlets (110), [0077]
  • the method comprises extracting, storing, and reusing energy from the system for reusing by means of a heat extraction unit.
  • the clean gases produced by the method are removed by means of dynamic separators (116) having an outlet in its upper part and wherein the method further comprises recovering of the anhydrous natrite by means of an outlet in its lower part.
  • the present invention also relates to a simple gas capture system for producing and separating natrite (anhydrous) instantaneously.
  • the present invention employs concentrated alkaline (such as NaOH, KOH, LiOH), alkaline, polar, and/or hydrate analytes, and the like as CQ, which are subjected to dehydration utilizing the heat energy from industrial stack gases.
  • alkaline analytes may be used advantageously when subjected to dehydration under the process of the invention.
  • the above process results in the release of the hydration or solvation layer from the CQ.
  • the temperature of industrial stack gases typically exceeding 200 degrees Celsius, aids in vaporizing water, promoting exothermic reactions. This facilitates the instantaneous formation of natrite or anhydrous sodium carbonate without the high energy consumption associated with aqueous alkaline solutions.
  • the removal of solvation layers by utilizing the exothermic nature of the reaction and high temperatures (>200°C) at the solid-gas interface results in a significant decrease in the activation energy (Ea) barrier. This results in a significant increase in the reaction kinetics. This enables instantaneous (within seconds) extraction and separation of natrite (anhydrous) without the need for unitary processes such as crystallization, precipitation, filtration, or drying when compared to the conventional aqueous alkaline solution systems.
  • the CQ used in the present invention may be sourced from brines with a concentration of 20-50% alkaline analytes which enter a vacuum tube (reaction unit) through micro spray nozzles and produce natrite with a negative carbon footprint.
  • the reaction with CO2 does not occur directly with the CQ in solution but at a solidgas interface, and instantaneously results in the product natrite anhydrous formation without any further need for the processing of the end product, making the engineering unit processes such as separation and drying redundant. Additionally, in the present invention, technological adjustments are made to increase the reactivity, production, and separation of solid (anhydrous) natrite instantaneously in seconds.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the general representation of system 100 including reactor tube 102, which is a hollow tube/ empty cylinder connected to one or more gas inlets to feed or enter the flue gas stream into reactor tube 102, which enters into the system via one or more gas inlets 104.
  • the hollow tube/ empty cylinder functions as the spatial region in which the reaction occurs that delimits the interaction of CO2 with the CQ.
  • the CQ enters the system with the help of CQ inlets 106 present at the base and sides of system 100, and is sprayed into the reactor tube via micro-spray nozzles so that the reaction with the gas of interest occurs differently from conventional alkaline solutions. Further, the CQ is injected into the system aligned with the gas flow direction.
  • the system comprises a pin mill system 108 configured to process CQ into varying diameters before entering the reactor tube 102.
  • the system also comprises a plurality of gas outlets 110 for recovery of the anhydrous natrites and the carbon dioxide(CO2).
  • Reactor tube 102 is configured for the reaction of the solid-gas interface in the same direction of the gas flow, and to increase the reaction time and capture the desired gases of interest without any additional units/energy requirements for the recovery of the final product anhydrous natrites.
  • Fig. 2 summarizes the capture system including the representation of the CQ in solution and depicted in a section of the reactor.
  • the “Idealized” magnified representation of CQ in solution is fully hydrated or surrounded by water molecules as the CQ enters the reactor, with the aid of a spray nozzle, On exposure to the flue gas at a temperature range of 200-500 degrees Celsius, it loses the solvation layer due to the heat energy of the flue gases, resulting into significantly increases in the contact surface area of the CQ and also enhances the reaction rate with CO2 for instantaneous natrite formation.
  • the flue gases may be derived from industrial sources or other polluting sources.
  • the flue gas temperature is variable and depends on many factors but can generally include ranges between 200-500 degrees Celsius. This temperature range is provided by industrial stack gases and it is important to carry out the CQ dehydration.
  • the CQ are selected from a group comprising alkaline, polar, and/or hydrate analytes with an ability to react with CO2 when stripped off its solvation layer.
  • the CQ may be derived from the brine with concentrated alkaline solutions, in a preferred embodiment the CQ is sodium hydroxide.
  • one or more inlets of CQ are connected to the reactor tube 102 through one or more micro -sprayers nozzles.
  • the present invention is not limited only to the solution spraying of microdroplets of solution but may also use spray nozzles for the inlet of solid-state CQ with diameters ranging from 20 microns to 1000 microns or larger.
  • the micro-spray nozzle is configured to inject the CQ at different angles and heights to increase the interaction of the interface (solid gas and/or liquid gas) and favor the production of natrites (green). In the natrite production equipment, the CQ injection can be placed at more than one point along the reactor tube.
  • micro-dispersed CQ in the reactor come into contact with the hot combustion gases, whose temperature favors the dehydration or loss of the respective solvation layer, and solid particles (reactive pearl) are produced for the solid-gas interface reaction to occur.
  • the capture system 100 comprises one or more flue gas inlets 104, a reactor tube 102, one or more gas outlets, one or more inlets of CQ 106, and a natrite storage tank 112.
  • the gas capture reactor is not self-limiting in itself but may be linked to a heat extraction system or an organic ranking cycle that takes advantage of the exotherm (energy release) of the reaction to produce any other form of energy including electricity.
  • said gas capture system comprises a regeneration unit 114 attached to the gas outlets.
  • the regeneration unit 114 comprises titanates for the regeneration of raw materials from the exhaust.
  • the system comprises a dynamic separator 116.
  • Fig. 3 tabulates the capture system 100 to produce high- purity natrite instantaneously.
  • the gas capture reactor system 100 is shown, which can be linked to a dynamic separator 116 in case the source gas contains particulate matter.
  • the dynamic separator 116 is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor in its upper part and configured to separate the clean gases from the reaction products.
  • a pin mill system (108 b) which is linked with the dynamic separator, it is configured to homogenize the size of the natrite obtained.
  • the system comprises one or more cyclones or dynamic separators connected to the one or more gas outlets of the reactor in its upper part and configured to separate the clean gases from the reaction products [0091 ]
  • the system may comprise a pre-reactor CQ storage tank to store said CQ before injecting them into the reactor tube.
  • a natrite storage tank 112 containing the anhydrous natrite is formed without the requirement of unitary processes of crystallization, precipitation, filtration, or drying.
  • the gas allows the mineral to exit the reaction tube and fall by gravity into a storage tank.
  • the gas capture system comprises a method for extracting (green) natrites from flue gases containing carbon dioxide (CO2) by solid-gas reaction, the method comprising subjecting an alkaline solution to a flue gas at a temperature of 100-800 degrees Celsius and preferably 200-500 degrees Celsius to strip the alkaline solution of its solvation layer to obtain a solid phase and therefore, simultaneously reacting the solid phase with carbon dioxide (CO2) to obtain natrites in an anhydrous form.
  • a method for extracting (green) natrites from flue gases containing carbon dioxide (CO2) by solid-gas reaction comprising subjecting an alkaline solution to a flue gas at a temperature of 100-800 degrees Celsius and preferably 200-500 degrees Celsius to strip the alkaline solution of its solvation layer to obtain a solid phase and therefore, simultaneously reacting the solid phase with carbon dioxide (CO2) to obtain natrites in an anhydrous form.
  • Fig. 4 summarizes the reaction [CO2(g)-CQ(solid)] that takes place in the reactor tube 102 of the system of the present invention.
  • the solid-gas phase reaction is significantly faster than the reaction that occurs when CQ is in solution (Liquid-gas phase) because it has a lower activation energy (Ea).
  • Figure 4 is a qualitative representation, from the estimated results, of the thermodynamic (reaction enthalpies) and kinetic advantages in relation to activation energies (Ea) when CQ (NaOH) is used in solution and in solid to react with CO2.
  • nucleophilic CQ when nucleophilic CQ is in solution it has a layer of water molecules surrounding it (hydration or solvation layer) this generates a molecular impediment (high energy barrier) to interact with electrophilic CO2, due to a high Ea (30 kJ/mol), and as a consequence the reaction rate is low as (8,500 s -1 M -1 ) as reported in the last century [(Kern, D. M. (1960). The hydration of carbon dioxide. Journal of
  • the instrumentation equipment used to carry out these experimental studies consists of a gas sensor system (HORIBA Multi-Component Gas Analyzer / VA-5112G), with a mixer (Environics Gas Dilution, System Series 4040), a sample adjuster (M&C Gas Conditioning Unit with Temperature controller Series CSS); two flow controller systems (Precision Gas Mass Flow Controller MCS- Series / M-Series) and the equipment was managed with CO2REMO software.
  • a gas sensor system HORIBA Multi-Component Gas Analyzer / VA-5112G
  • a mixer Environics Gas Dilution, System Series 4040
  • M&C Gas Conditioning Unit with Temperature controller Series CSS Temperature controller Series CSS
  • two flow controller systems Precision Gas Mass Flow Controller MCS- Series / M-Series
  • This present invention discloses an efficient system and method for the capture of CO2 and production of instantaneous (anhydrous) natrite, tested experimentally and with gases (CO2) from the industrial stacks and /or chimneys.
  • the capture capacity when different CO2 concentrations (0.04-100%) are reacted with CQ microbeads (50pm-2000 pm) is the same.
  • Fig. 6 demonstrates the experimental CO2 capture system with the CO2 percentage in the flue gas being 22%, for the production of anhydrous natrite using the CQ sodium hydroxide. As seen, the capacity of instantaneous capture is 100% when it comes in contact with the microbeads of the CQ (NaOH).
  • Fig. 7 tabulates the X-ray powder diffraction diagram obtained with the use of CQ micro beads when interacting with CO2 under experimental conditions.
  • the natrite produced has a monoclinic C2/m space group structure. This phase is an immeasurably modulated structure and the product obtained is always natrite (anhydrous) as evidenced by the results in Figure 7.
  • This invention is not limited to the use of concentrated alkaline brines.
  • the same result can also be achieved by injecting the CQ in microbeads with micro sprayers and injecting the same mass of the CQ (1.3 ton/ton-CO2).
  • Fig. 8 summarizes the Instantaneous natrite formation in the reactor unit as in the reactor unit, the reaction of solid-gas interface occurs in the same direction of the gas flow, and to increase the reaction time indicating the most important parts of the invention (1-3) and the accessory parts common in industrial systems (A-D).
  • the gas capture system of the present invention comprises a hollow tube that serves as the reaction unit or reactor, where the conversion of CO2 into natrite takes place and increases the kinetics of the reaction by several orders of magnitude. This reactor is likely designed to optimize the reaction conditions for efficient and instantaneous natrite production.
  • Another competitive advantage of the present invention is that significant amounts of energy ( ⁇ 2700 MJ/ton CO2) are released during the capture reaction, which is usable heat and can be easily extracted (with heat extraction systems) from the reaction system (hollow tube), as compared from liquid solution containers, where the energy is dispersed in the medium losing a large amount of it.
  • the significant amount of energy released during capture in the present invention can be a usable heat and more easily extracted. This energy can be recovered and used for other processes contributing to reducing the carbon footprint of the product obtained.
  • embodiments of the present invention enable the instantaneous production of natrite, occurring in a single step within seconds. This eliminates the need for additional unit processes such as crystallization, precipitation, filtration, or drying typically, thereby streamlining the process and reducing energy consumption.
  • An additional advantage of the invention is the optimized mass ratio for capturing CO2 using NaOH. About 32% less NaOH is required compared to conventional alkaline liquid solutions to capture the same amount of carbon dioxide. This indicates improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness in CO2 capture.
  • this gas capture and transformation system for instantaneous natrite production favors a solid-gas interface reaction approach to not only sequester CO2 emissions but also generate valuable products with no or negligible carbon footprints or negative carbon footprints.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention divulgue un système de capture de gaz (100) pour la production instantanée de natrite comprenant un tube de réacteur (102), qui est un cylindre creux avec des entrées de gaz permettant d'introduire un gaz de combustion. Le présent tube agit comme le domaine spatial où le CO2 interagit avec le CQ, entrant par l'intermédiaire d'entrées (106) et étant pulvérisé dans le tube par l'intermédiaire de buses de micro-pulvérisation. L'invention concerne un système de broyeur à broches (108) qui traite CQ en diamètres variables avant l'entrée. Des sorties de gaz (110) permettent la récupération de natrites anhydres et de CO2 et un système de broyeur à broches (108b) conçu pour homogénéiser la taille du natrite obtenu. Le tube de réacteur facilite des réactions d'interface solide-gaz alignées avec l'écoulement de gaz, ce qui permet d'optimiser le temps de réaction et la récupération de produit sans entraîner de consommation d'énergie supplémentaire.
PCT/IB2024/054279 2024-05-02 2024-05-02 Système de capture de gaz pour production instantanée de natrite verte Pending WO2025229380A1 (fr)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6146236A (ja) 1984-08-11 1986-03-06 Iwatani & Co 連続式気液接触反応方法及びその装置
US20060185985A1 (en) 2004-09-23 2006-08-24 Jones Joe D Removing carbon dioxide from waste streams through co-generation of carbonate and/or bicarbonate minerals
WO2009029292A1 (fr) * 2007-08-27 2009-03-05 Surendra Saxena Production d'hydrogène avec séquestration de carbone dans des centrales à charbon et/ou gaz naturel
US20100229725A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Kasra Farsad Systems and Methods for Processing CO2
WO2011129707A1 (fr) 2010-04-15 2011-10-20 Enpro As Épurateur/séparateur de co2 utilisant un carbonateur cyclique pour la production contrôlée de carbonate/bicarbonate
EP3995205A1 (fr) 2020-11-10 2022-05-11 Universidad de Castilla La Mancha Capture de co2 utilisant des médias alcalines pour la préparation de carbonate de sodium
JP2022128429A (ja) * 2021-02-22 2022-09-01 日本コンクリート工業株式会社 粉体の製造方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6146236A (ja) 1984-08-11 1986-03-06 Iwatani & Co 連続式気液接触反応方法及びその装置
US20060185985A1 (en) 2004-09-23 2006-08-24 Jones Joe D Removing carbon dioxide from waste streams through co-generation of carbonate and/or bicarbonate minerals
WO2009029292A1 (fr) * 2007-08-27 2009-03-05 Surendra Saxena Production d'hydrogène avec séquestration de carbone dans des centrales à charbon et/ou gaz naturel
US20100229725A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Kasra Farsad Systems and Methods for Processing CO2
WO2011129707A1 (fr) 2010-04-15 2011-10-20 Enpro As Épurateur/séparateur de co2 utilisant un carbonateur cyclique pour la production contrôlée de carbonate/bicarbonate
EP3995205A1 (fr) 2020-11-10 2022-05-11 Universidad de Castilla La Mancha Capture de co2 utilisant des médias alcalines pour la préparation de carbonate de sodium
WO2022101294A1 (fr) 2020-11-10 2022-05-19 Universidad De Castilla-La Mancha Capture de co2 utilisant des milieux alcalins pour la préparation de carbonate de sodium
JP2022128429A (ja) * 2021-02-22 2022-09-01 日本コンクリート工業株式会社 粉体の製造方法

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A. P. KHOMYAKOV, INT. GEOL. REV., vol. 25, 1983, pages 1111 - 1116
A. SHCHUKAREVD. KOROLKOV, OPEN CHEM., vol. 2, 2004, pages 347 - 362
J. S. HAMMONDJ. W. HOLUBKAJ. E. DEVRIESR. A. DICKIE, CORROS. SCI., vol. 21, 1981, pages 239 - 253
KERN, D. M.: "The hydration of carbon dioxide", JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION, vol. 37, no. 1, 1960, pages 14
KHOMYAKOV, A. P.: "Natrite, Na2CO3-a new mineral", INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW, vol. 25, no. 9, 1983, pages 1111 - 1116

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