WO2025227312A1 - Battery module, battery and electric device - Google Patents

Abstract

A battery module (20), a battery (10) and an electric device. The battery module (20) comprises a positive electrode output terminal (50), a negative electrode output terminal (60), a plurality of battery cells (21), and at least one busbar (40), wherein the plurality of battery cells (21) are connected by means of the at least one busbar (40); the positive electrode output terminal (50) is connected to at least one battery cell (21) among the battery cells (21), and the negative electrode output terminal (60) is connected to at least another battery cell (21) among the battery cells (21); an insulating layer (70) is provided on a surface of each of the positive electrode output terminal (50), the negative electrode output terminal (60) and the busbar (40), and at least one of the positive electrode output terminal (50), the negative electrode output terminal (60) and the busbar (40) is further provided with a heat insulation layer (80); and the heat insulation layer (80) is provided on at least a part of the outer surface of the insulating layer (70), or the heat insulation layer (80) and the insulating layer (70) form an integrated insulating and heat insulation layer (90). The battery module (20) can reduce the damage caused by high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer (70), and reduce the occurrence of a short circuit, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery (10).

Description

Battery modules, batteries and electrical equipment Technical Field

This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module, battery, and electrical device.

Background Technology

In existing batteries, multiple individual cells are connected to form a battery module via a busbar. At least one end of the battery module has an electrode output terminal for connection to external electrical devices. The surfaces of the busbar and the electrode output terminal are typically coated with an insulating layer to meet insulation requirements. However, when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, the high-temperature fumes emitted from the individual cells can impact and erode the insulating layer, causing insulation failure. This can lead to short circuits within the battery and even the risk of high-voltage arcing igniting flammable gases, resulting in a combustion and explosion.

Summary of the Invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a battery module, battery and electrical device that can effectively solve the problem of short circuit inside the battery caused by insulation failure of the insulation layer.

The first aspect of this application discloses a battery module, including:

Multiple battery cells;

At least one busbar is provided, and multiple battery cells are connected through at least one busbar.

The positive output terminal is connected to at least one of the battery cells.

The negative output terminal is connected to at least one of the battery cells.

The positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar are respectively provided with an insulating layer, and at least one of the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar is also provided with a heat insulation layer. The heat insulation layer is provided on at least a portion of the outer surface of the insulating layer, or the heat insulation layer and the insulating layer are an integral insulating and heat-insulating layer.

According to the battery module of this application, by providing an insulating layer on the surface of the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar, the insulating layer can effectively prevent short circuits at the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar under normal temperature conditions. By providing a heat insulation layer on at least one of the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulating layer with the heat insulation layer due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation layer is disposed on the outer surface of the insulating layer, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is D, and the thickness of the insulating layer is d, wherein D > d.

By setting the thickness of the heat insulation layer to be greater than that of the insulation layer, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer can be improved, thereby reducing the damage to the insulation layer caused by high-temperature flue gas, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments of this application, the thickness dimension D of the heat insulation layer is in the range of 0.5mm≤D≤8mm, and/or the thickness dimension d of the insulation layer is in the range of 0.2mm≤d≤0.5mm.

By setting the thickness of the heat insulation layer and the insulating layer within the above-mentioned range, the thickness of the heat insulation layer can be minimized while improving its heat insulation performance.

In some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation layer includes a film structure or a gel structure.

Membrane or gel-like insulating layers can easily cover the entire outer surface of the insulation layer, thereby reducing the damage to the insulation layer caused by high-temperature flue gas.

In some embodiments of this application, the insulation layer includes a PTFE layer and/or an ETFE layer.

The material layer formed by PTFE and/or ETFE has good thermal insulation properties. At the same time, it is easy to produce and manufacture so that the thermal insulation layer can be placed on the surface of the insulation layer to reduce the damage to the insulation layer caused by high-temperature flue gas.

In some embodiments of this application, the thermal insulation layer includes a non-metallic porous material layer.

Non-metallic porous material layers have good insulation properties. At the same time, the porous structure helps the insulation layer dissipate heat, thereby reducing the impact and damage caused by high-temperature flue gas to the insulation layer.

In some embodiments of this application, the non-metallic porous material layer includes a boride ceramic layer.

The material layer formed from boride ceramics exhibits excellent thermal insulation properties, reducing damage to the insulation layer caused by high-temperature flue gas. Furthermore, the numerous pores on the surface of the boride ceramic layer further enhance thermal insulation. This improves the heat dissipation performance of the insulation layer, thereby reducing the damage to the insulation layer under the impact of high-temperature flue gas and further reducing the occurrence of short circuits.

In some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation layer and the insulating layer are an integral heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is configured to have a minimum heat resistance temperature of 300°C, and the heat insulation layer is configured to have a minimum resistance value of 10 MΩ/m.

By configuring the insulation and heat insulation layer with a minimum heat resistance temperature of 300℃ and a minimum resistance value of 10MΩ/m, the insulation and heat insulation layer can simultaneously possess insulation and heat insulation properties. At the same time, it eliminates the need for a double-layer structure of separate insulation and heat insulation layers, reducing process complexity.

In some embodiments of this application, the insulating and heat-insulating layer includes a polyimide layer.

The material layer formed by polyimide has both good thermal insulation and thermal insulation properties, thus enabling the insulation and thermal insulation layer to have both insulation and thermal insulation properties. At the same time, it eliminates the need for a double-layer structure with separate insulation and thermal insulation layers, reducing process complexity.

In some embodiments of this application, a battery cell includes a first surface with the largest area, and at least some of the battery cells are arranged along a first direction, which is perpendicular or parallel to the first surface. The positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are both located at the same end of the battery module along the first direction, or the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are respectively located at opposite ends of the battery module along the first direction.

The battery module of this application can be used to have the positive and negative output terminals located on the same side of the battery module, or to have the positive and negative output terminals located on opposite sides of the battery module. By providing a heat insulation layer on at least one of the positive output terminal, negative output terminal, and busbar, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulating layer with the heat insulation layer due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments of this application, the first direction is perpendicular to the first surface, and the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are both located at the same end of the battery module along the first direction.

By placing the positive and negative output terminals together at the same end of the battery module along a first direction, and with the first direction perpendicular to the first surface, that is, placing the positive and negative output terminals together on the same large side of the battery module, the damage to the insulation layer caused by high-temperature flue gas can be reduced by setting up a heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the occurrence of short circuits.

In some embodiments of this application, all battery cells in a plurality of battery cells are along the first direction. The cells are arranged in a directional configuration, and all individual cells are connected in parallel to each other through a busbar.

The technical solution of this application can be applied to battery modules formed by multiple battery cells connected in parallel. By setting a heat insulation layer on at least one of the positive output terminal, negative output terminal and busbar, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulating layer with the heat insulation layer due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments of this application, the plurality of battery cells include multiple rows of battery cells arranged along a second direction, and the multiple rows of battery cells are connected in series with each other through a busbar. Any row of battery cells includes at least some of the battery cells arranged along a first direction, and at least some of the battery cells are connected in series with each other through a busbar. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

The technical solution of this application can be applied to battery modules formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series. By setting a heat insulation layer on at least one of the positive output terminal, negative output terminal and busbar, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulating layer with the heat insulation layer due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments of this application, the surfaces of the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar are respectively covered with a heat insulation layer.

By covering the surfaces of the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar with heat insulation layers, damage caused by high-temperature flue gas to the surface insulation layer of the positive output terminal, the surface insulation layer of the negative output terminal, and the surface insulation layer of the busbar can be reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of short circuits and improving the safety performance of the battery.

The second aspect of this application discloses a battery including any of the above-mentioned battery modules. The battery also includes a housing with a receiving cavity formed inside the housing, and the battery module is disposed in the receiving cavity.

A third aspect of this application discloses an electrical device including the aforementioned battery, which is used to supply power to the electrical device.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application.

Attached Figure Description

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in one embodiment of this application;

Figure 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in one embodiment of this application;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells in parallel according to an embodiment of this application.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series according to an embodiment of this application.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery module formed by connecting two battery cells in series according to an embodiment of this application;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of one embodiment of the busbar in Figure 4;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the busbar in Figure 4;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the busbar in Figure 4.

The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows:
1. Vehicles;
10. Battery; 11. Controller; 12. Motor;
20. Battery module; 21. Battery cell; 211. End cap; 212. Housing; 213. Electrode assembly;
214. Positive extreme; 215. Negative extreme; 216. First surface;
30. Box body; 301. First part; 302. Second part;
40. Busbar;
50. Positive output terminal;
60. Negative output terminal;
70. Insulation layer;
80. Insulation layer;
90. Insulation and heat insulation layer.

Detailed Implementation

The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of this application pertain.

In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and other indications of orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

Furthermore, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above,""over," and "on top" of the second feature can refer to... The first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. The first feature being "below,""under," or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

Currently, judging from market trends, the application of power batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace, among other fields.

In existing batteries, multiple individual cells are connected to form a battery module via a busbar. At least one end of the battery module has an electrode output terminal for connection to external electrical devices. The surfaces of the busbar and the electrode output terminal are typically coated with an insulating layer to meet insulation requirements. However, when thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, the high-temperature fumes emitted from the individual cells can impact and erode the insulating layer, causing insulation failure. This can lead to short circuits within the battery and even the risk of high-voltage arcing igniting flammable gases, resulting in a combustion and explosion.

To address the problem of short circuits occurring inside batteries due to insulation failure of the insulation layer, this application proposes a battery module, a battery incorporating the battery module, and an electrical device incorporating the battery. According to the battery module, battery, and electrical device of this application, when a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulation layer due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulation layer, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery.

The battery described in this application is applicable to various battery-powered devices, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, ships, and spacecraft, including aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft; the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the aforementioned devices.

It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are not limited to the batteries and electrical devices described above, but can also be applied to all batteries including housings and electrical devices using batteries. However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments are all described using electric vehicles as an example.

Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1 provided in some embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle 1 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc. A battery 10 is installed inside the vehicle 1. It can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of vehicle 1. Battery 10 can be used to power vehicle 1; for example, battery 10 can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1. Vehicle 1 may also include a controller 11 and a motor 12. The controller 11 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 12, for example, to meet the power requirements of vehicle 1 during startup, navigation, and driving.

In some embodiments of this application, the battery 10 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of this application. To meet different power demands, the battery 10 may include multiple battery cells 21, where each battery cell 21 is the smallest unit constituting a battery module 20 or a battery pack. Multiple battery cells 21 can be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications. The battery mentioned in this application includes a battery module 20 or a battery pack. Multiple battery cells 21 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration; a mixed configuration refers to a combination of series and parallel connections. The battery 10 may also be called a battery pack. In embodiments of this application, multiple battery cells 21 can directly form a battery pack, or they can first form a battery module 20, and then the battery module 20 forms a battery pack.

The battery 10 may include multiple battery modules 20 and a housing 30, with the battery modules 20 housed inside the housing 30. The housing 30 is used to house individual battery cells 21 or battery modules 20 to reduce the impact of liquids or other foreign matter on the charging or discharging of the individual battery cells 21. The housing 30 may be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single cuboid, cylinder, or sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of simple three-dimensional structures such as cuboids, cylinders, or spheres. The material of the housing 30 may be an alloy material such as aluminum alloy or iron alloy, a polymer material such as polycarbonate or polyisocyanurate foam, or a composite material such as glass fiber and epoxy resin.

In some embodiments, the housing 30 may include a first portion 301 and a second portion 302, which overlap each other and together define a space for accommodating the battery cell 21. The second portion 302 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first portion 301 may be a plate-like structure, with the first portion 301 covering the open side of the second portion 302 so that the first portion 301 and the second portion 302 together define a space for accommodating the battery cell 21; alternatively, the first portion 301 and the second portion 302 may both be hollow structures with one side open, with the open side of the first portion 301 covering the open side of the second portion 302.

The battery module 20 may include multiple battery cells 21. These battery cells 21 can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form the battery module 20. The multiple battery modules 20 can then be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form the battery 10. The battery cells 21 may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, and this application does not limit this. Battery cells 21 are generally classified into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, cuboid/square battery cells, and pouch battery cells. This application does not limit this either. However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments will use a cuboid/square lithium-ion battery cell 21 as an example. The technical solution of this application is also suitable for battery modules composed of cylindrical battery cells or other types of battery cells.

Figure 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 21 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery cell 21 refers to the smallest unit that makes up the battery 10. As shown in Figure 3, the battery cell 21 includes an end cap 211, a housing 212, and an electrode assembly 213.

End cap 211 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 212 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 21 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 211 can be adapted to the shape of housing 212 to fit it. Optionally, end cap 211 can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 211 is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, giving battery cell 21 higher structural strength and improved safety performance. End cap 211 may be provided with functional components such as positive terminal 214 and negative terminal 215. Positive terminal 214 and negative terminal 215 can be used to electrically connect with electrode assembly 213 for outputting or inputting electrical energy to battery cell 21. In some embodiments, end cap 211 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 21 reaches a threshold. In some embodiments, an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 211. The insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components inside the housing 212 from the end cap 211 to reduce the risk of short circuit. For example, the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

The housing 212 is an assembly used to cooperate with the end cap 211 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 21. This internal environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 213, electrolyte (not shown in the figure), and other components. The housing 212 and the end cap 211 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 212, and the end cap 211 can be used to close the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 21. Alternatively, the end cap 211 and the housing 212 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 211 and the housing 212 can form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 212, the end cap 211 closes the housing 212. The housing 212 can be of various shapes and sizes. For example, it can be rectangular, cylindrical, or hexagonal prism. Specifically, the shape of the housing 212 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 213. The housing 212 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or plastic.

Electrode assembly 213 is the component in the battery cell 21 where the electrochemical reaction occurs. The casing 212 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 213. Electrode assembly 213 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the main body of electrode assembly 213, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active material each constitute a tab (not shown in the figure). The positive and negative tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte. The positive tab connects to the positive terminal 214, and the negative tab connects to the negative terminal 215 to form a current loop.

Referring to Figures 2 to 7, in some embodiments of this application, the battery module 20 includes a positive output terminal 50, a negative output terminal 60, a plurality of battery cells 21, and at least one busbar 40. The plurality of battery cells 21 are connected to each other through at least one busbar 40. The positive output terminal 50 is connected to at least one of the battery cells 21, and the negative output terminal 60 is connected to at least another battery cell 21. The surfaces of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60, and the busbar 40 are respectively provided with an insulating layer 70, and at least one of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60, and the busbar 40 is also provided with a heat insulation layer 80. The heat insulation layer 80 is disposed on at least a portion of the outer surface of the insulating layer 70, or the heat insulation layer 80 and the insulating layer 70 are an integral insulating and heat-insulating layer 90.

Specifically, after multiple battery cells 21 are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery module 20 through a busbar, the positive output terminal 50 can be connected to the positive terminal 214 of one of the battery cells 21 in the battery module 20, thereby forming the positive terminal of the entire battery module 20. The negative output terminal 60 can be connected to the negative terminal 215 of one of the battery cells 21 in the battery module 20, thereby forming the negative terminal of the entire battery module 20. Thus, the voltage of the battery module 20 is output through the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60.

The positive output terminal 50 can be directly connected to the positive terminal 214 of the battery cell 21, and the negative output terminal 60 can be directly connected to the negative terminal 215 of the battery cell 21, as shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6. Alternatively, the positive output terminal 50 can be connected to the positive terminal 214 of the battery cell 21 through the busbar 40, and the negative output terminal 60 can be connected to the negative terminal 215 of the battery cell 21 through the busbar 40, as shown in Figure 4.

In some embodiments of this application, an insulating layer 70 is provided on the outer surfaces of the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60, respectively. The insulating layer 70 can be an insulating layer in the prior art, and its material and composition will not be described in detail here. By providing an insulating layer 70 on the outer surfaces of the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60, a short circuit between the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 at room temperature can be prevented. At the same time, a short circuit between either the positive output terminal 50 or the negative output terminal 60 and the battery cell 21 at room temperature can be prevented, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

In some embodiments of this application, the outer surface of the busbar 40 is also provided with an insulating layer 70, which may be consistent with the insulating layer 70 on the surface of the positive output terminal 50 or the negative output terminal 60. By providing an insulating layer 70 on the outer surface of the busbar 40, a short circuit between the busbar 40 and the battery cell 21 can be prevented under normal temperature conditions, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

However, the insulating layer 70 can only meet the insulation requirements under normal temperature conditions. When the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the generated high-temperature gas will impact or ablate the insulating layer 70, causing the insulating layer 70 to fail, which in turn can lead to a short circuit or even an explosion inside the battery 10. Therefore, in this application, a heat insulation layer 80 is also provided on the surface of at least a portion of the insulating layer 70. The heat insulation layer 80 is configured to isolate the high-temperature flue gas generated when the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway from acting on the insulating layer 70, so that the generated high-temperature flue gas will not directly act on the insulating layer 70 with the heat insulation layer 80, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer 70, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

Referring to Figures 2, 4 and 7, in some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation layer 80 is disposed on the outer surface of the insulation layer 70, and the thickness dimension of the heat insulation layer 80 is D, and the thickness dimension of the insulation layer 70 is d, wherein D > d.

For ease of description, this application only uses the example of a busbar 40 having a heat insulation layer 80 on its surface for illustration. Specifically, the outer surface of the busbar 40 is covered with an insulating layer 70, and the insulating layer 70 is covered with the heat insulation layer 80 away from the surface of the busbar 40. Along the arrangement direction of the busbar 40 and the battery cell 21, that is, along the thickness direction of the busbar 40, the heat insulation layer 80 has a thickness dimension D, and the insulating layer 70 has a thickness dimension d, where D > d.

By setting the thickness of the heat insulation layer 80 to be greater than that of the insulation layer 70, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer 80 can be improved, thereby reducing the damage to the insulation layer 70 caused by high-temperature flue gas, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

Referring to Figures 4 and 7, in some embodiments of this application, the thickness dimension D of the heat insulation layer 80 is in the range of 0.5 mm ≤ D ≤ 8 mm, and/or the thickness dimension d of the insulation layer 70 is in the range of 0.2 mm ≤ d ≤ 0.5 mm.

Specifically, along the arrangement direction of the busbar 40 and the battery cell 21, the thickness D of the heat insulation layer 80 can be any value among 0.5mm…0.6mm…1mm…5mm…8mm. Along the arrangement direction of the busbar 40 and the battery cell 21, the thickness d of the insulation layer 70 can be any value among 0.2mm…0.25mm…0.3mm…0.4mm…0.5mm.

By setting the thickness of the heat insulation layer 80 and the insulation layer 70 within the above-mentioned size range, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 80 can be minimized while improving the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer 80.

As shown in Figures 4 and 7, in some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation layer 80 includes a film structure or a gel structure.

The heat insulation layer 80 with a membrane or gel structure can easily cover the entire outer surface of the insulation layer 70, thereby reducing the damage to the insulation layer 70 caused by high-temperature flue gas.

As shown in Figures 4 and 7, in some embodiments of this application, the thermal insulation layer 80 includes a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) layer and/or an ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) layer.

Specifically, PTFE and/or ETFE materials can be first fabricated into a film structure, and then the formed film structure can be bonded to the surface of the insulating layer 70. Alternatively, PTFE and/or ETFE materials in a gel-like structure can be directly coated onto the surface of the insulating layer 70, forming a heat insulation layer 80 on the surface of the insulating layer 70.

The material layer formed by PTFE and/or ETFE has good thermal insulation properties. At the same time, it is easy to produce and manufacture so that the thermal insulation layer 80 can be placed on the surface of the insulation layer 70 to reduce the damage to the insulation layer 70 caused by high-temperature flue gas.

As shown in Figures 4 and 8, in some embodiments of this application, the thermal insulation layer 80 includes a non-metallic porous material layer.

The non-metallic porous material layer has good insulation properties. At the same time, the porous structure helps the heat insulation layer 80 to dissipate heat, thereby reducing the impact and damage to the heat insulation layer 80 caused by high-temperature flue gas.

As shown in Figures 4 and 8, in some embodiments of this application, the non-metallic porous material layer includes a boride ceramic layer.

Specifically, the boride ceramic material can be molded into a shape and then bonded to the surface of the insulating layer 70. Alternatively, the boride ceramic material can be directly coated onto the surface of the insulating layer 70, forming a heat insulation layer 80 on the surface of the insulating layer 70.

The material layer formed by boride ceramics has good thermal insulation properties, which can reduce the damage to the insulation layer caused by high-temperature flue gas. At the same time, the surface of the boride ceramic layer has a large number of pores, which can improve the heat dissipation performance of the insulation layer 80, thereby reducing the damage to the insulation layer 80 under the impact of high-temperature flue gas and further reducing the occurrence of short circuits.

Referring to Figures 4 and 9, in some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation layer and the insulating layer are an integral heat insulation layer 90, the heat insulation layer 90 is configured to have a minimum heat resistance temperature of 300°C, and the heat insulation layer 90 is configured to have a minimum resistance value of 10 MΩ/m.

Specifically, the heat insulation layer and the insulation layer have the same material composition and together form an integrated heat insulation and insulation layer 90, so that the heat insulation and insulation layer 90 has both insulation and heat insulation properties.

By configuring the insulating and heat-insulating layer 90 with a minimum heat resistance temperature of 300℃ and a minimum resistance value of 10MΩ/m, the insulating and heat-insulating layer 90 can simultaneously possess both insulation and heat-insulating properties. At the same time, it eliminates the need for a double-layer structure of separate insulation and heat-insulating layers, reducing process complexity.

As shown in Figures 4 and 9, in some embodiments of this application, the insulating and heat-insulating layer 90 includes a polyimide layer.

Specifically, the polyimide material can be molded first, and the molded material layer can be bonded to the surface of the busbar 40. Alternatively, the polyimide material can be directly coated onto the surface of the busbar 40, forming an insulating and heat-insulating layer 90 on the surface of the busbar 40.

The material layer formed by polyimide has both good thermal insulation and thermal insulation properties, so that the insulating and heat-insulating layer 90 has both insulation and thermal insulation properties. At the same time, there is no need to set up a double-layer structure of insulation and thermal insulation layers separately, reducing the complexity of the process.

Referring to Figures 2 to 7, in some embodiments of this application, the battery cell 21 includes a first surface 216 with the largest area, at least some of the battery cells 21 are arranged along a first direction, which is perpendicular or parallel to the first surface 216, and the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 are both located at the same end of the battery module 20 along the first direction, or the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 are respectively located at both ends of the battery module 20 along the first direction.

The battery module 20 of this application can be adapted to have the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 both located on the same side of the battery module 20, or the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 located on opposite sides of the battery module 20. By providing a heat insulation layer 80 on at least one of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60 and the busbar 40, when the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulating layer 70 provided with the heat insulation layer 80 due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer 80, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer 70, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

Referring to Figures 4, 5 and 7, in some embodiments of this application, the first direction is perpendicular to the first surface 216, and the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 are both located at the same end of the battery module 20 along the first direction.

By placing the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 together at the same end of the battery module 20 along the first direction, and with the first direction perpendicular to the first surface 216, that is, by placing the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 together on the same large surface side of the battery module 20, the damage caused by high-temperature flue gas to the insulation layer 70 can be reduced by setting the heat insulation layer 80, thereby reducing the occurrence of short circuits.

As shown in Figures 2, 4 and 7, in some embodiments of this application, all battery cells 21 in the plurality of battery cells 21 are arranged along a first direction, and all battery cells 21 are connected in parallel to each other through a busbar 40.

Specifically, multiple battery cells 21 are arranged in a row along a first direction, and the multiple battery cells 21 are interconnected in parallel through multiple busbars 40. The first direction is perpendicular to the first surface 216. The positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 are respectively connected to the battery cells 21 through the busbars 40, and the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 are located at the same end of the battery module 20 along the first direction.

The technical solution of this application can be applied to a battery module 20 in which multiple battery cells 21 are connected in parallel. By providing a heat insulation layer 80 on at least one of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60 and the busbar 40, when the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulating layer 70 provided with the heat insulation layer 80 due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer 80, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer 70, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

Referring to Figures 2, 5, and 7, in some embodiments of this application, the plurality of battery cells 21 include multiple rows of battery cells 21 arranged along a second direction, and the multiple rows of battery cells 21 are connected in series with each other via a busbar 40. Any row of battery cells 21 includes at least the [missing information - likely referring to a specific type of battery cell arrangement] arranged along a first direction. Some of the battery cells 21 are connected in series with each other via a busbar 40, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

Specifically, multiple battery cells 21 are arranged in a row along the second direction, and the battery cells 21 in two rows are connected in series via a busbar 40. Battery cells 21 in any row are arranged along the first direction, and the battery cells 21 in the same row are connected in series via multiple busbars 40. The first direction is perpendicular to the first surface 216, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The positive output terminal 50 is connected to the battery cell 21 at the end of one row, and the negative output terminal 60 is connected to the battery cell 21 at the end of another row. The positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60 are both located at the same end of the battery module 20 along the first direction.

The technical solution of this application can be applied to a battery module 20 formed by multiple battery cells 21 connected in series. By providing a heat insulation layer 80 on at least one of the positive output terminal 50, negative output terminal 60 and busbar 40, when the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas generated will not directly act on the insulating layer 70 provided with the heat insulation layer 80 due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer 80, thereby reducing the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the insulating layer 70, reducing the occurrence of short circuits, and thus improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

As shown in Figure 6, in some embodiments of this application, multiple battery cells 21 are arranged along a first direction, which is parallel to the first surface 216. The multiple battery cells 21 are connected in series with each other through a busbar 40. Along the first direction, the battery cells 21 at both ends of the battery module 20 are connected to the positive output terminal 50 and the negative output terminal 60, respectively.

As shown in Figures 2, 4, 7, 8, and 9, in some embodiments of this application, the surfaces of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60, and the busbar 40 are respectively covered with a heat insulation layer 80.

As shown in Figures 4, 7 and 8, in some embodiments of this application, an insulating layer 70 is provided on the surface of the positive output terminal 50, the surface of the negative output terminal 60 and the surface of the busbar 40, and a heat insulation layer 80 is also provided on the surface of the positive output terminal 50, the surface of the negative output terminal 60 and the surface of the busbar 40, wherein the heat insulation layer 80 covers the outer surface of the insulating layer 70.

As shown in Figures 4 and 9, in some embodiments of this application, the surfaces of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60, and the busbar 40 are respectively provided with an insulating and heat-insulating layer 90.

By covering the surfaces of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60, and the busbar 40 with heat insulation layers 80, the impact of high-temperature flue gas on the surface insulation layer 70 of the positive output terminal 50 can be reduced. The damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas can be reduced, as can the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the surface insulation layer 70 of the negative electrode output terminal 60 and the damage caused by the high-temperature flue gas to the surface insulation layer 70 of the busbar 40, thereby reducing the occurrence of short circuits and improving the safety performance of the battery 10.

As shown in Figure 2, the second aspect of this application discloses a battery 10, including a battery module 20 of any of the above embodiments. The battery 10 also includes a housing 30, and a receiving cavity is formed inside the housing 30, in which the battery module 20 is disposed.

Since the battery 10 in this application has the same technical features as the battery module 20 in the above-described embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect, it will not be described again here.

As shown in Figure 1, a third aspect of this application discloses an electrical device including the battery 10 of the above-described embodiment, wherein the battery 10 is used to supply power to the electrical device.

Specifically, the electrical equipment can be vehicle 1, which includes battery 10 according to any of the above embodiments. Battery 10 is used to supply power to vehicle 1 and to drive vehicle 1 to move.

Since the vehicle 1 in this application has the same technical features as the battery 10 in the above-described embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect, it will not be described again here.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, this application proposes a vehicle 1, which includes a battery 10 for supplying power to the vehicle 1. The battery 10 includes a housing 30 and a battery module 20. The housing 30 has an internal cavity, in which the battery module 20 is disposed.

Referring to Figures 3, 4, and 7, the battery module 20 includes a positive output terminal 50, a negative output terminal 60, multiple battery cells 21, and multiple busbars 40. Each battery cell 21 includes a first surface 216 with the largest area. All battery cells 21 are arranged along a first direction and connected in parallel via busbars 40. The first direction is perpendicular to the first surface 216. The positive output terminal 50 is connected to the positive terminal 214 of at least one battery cell 21 via busbars 40, and the negative output terminal 60 is connected to the negative terminal 215 of at least another battery cell 21 via busbars 40. The positive and negative output terminals 50 and 60 are located at the same end of the battery module 20 along the first direction. Insulating layers 70 are provided on the surfaces of the positive output terminal 50, the negative output terminal 60, and the busbars 40. Each of the surfaces of the 40 is provided with a heat insulation layer 80, which covers the outer surface of the insulation layer 70.

Referring to Figures 4 and 7, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 80 is D, and the thickness of the insulation layer 70 is d, where D > d. The thickness D of the heat insulation layer 80 ranges from 0.5 mm to 8 mm, and the thickness d of the insulation layer 70 ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The heat insulation layer 80 includes a PTFE layer and/or an ETFE layer.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (16)

A battery module, characterized in that it comprises: Multiple battery cells; At least one busbar, through which the plurality of battery cells are connected; Positive output terminal, wherein the positive output terminal is connected to at least one of the battery cells; The negative output terminal is connected to at least one of the battery cells. The positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar are respectively provided with an insulating layer, and at least one of the positive output terminal, the negative output terminal, and the busbar is also provided with a heat insulation layer. The heat insulation layer is provided on at least a portion of the outer surface of the insulating layer, or the heat insulation layer and the insulating layer are an integral insulating and heat-insulating layer. According to claim 1, the battery module is characterized in that the heat insulation layer is disposed on the outer surface of the insulating layer, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is D, and the thickness of the insulating layer is d, wherein D > d. According to claim 2, the battery module is characterized in that the thickness dimension D of the heat insulation layer is in the range of 0.5mm≤D≤8mm, and/or the thickness dimension d of the insulating layer is in the range of 0.2mm≤d≤0.5mm. According to claim 2, the battery module is characterized in that the heat insulation layer comprises a film structure or a gel structure. The battery module according to claim 4 is characterized in that the heat insulation layer comprises a PTFE layer and/or an ETFE layer. According to claim 2, the battery module is characterized in that the heat insulation layer comprises non-metallic materials. Porous material layer. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the non-metallic porous material layer comprises a boride ceramic layer. According to claim 1, the battery module is characterized in that the heat insulation layer and the insulating layer are an integral heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is configured to have a minimum heat resistance temperature of 300°C, and the heat insulation layer is configured to have a minimum resistance value of 10MΩ/m. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein the insulating and heat-insulating layer comprises a polyimide layer. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that the battery cell includes a first surface with the largest area, at least some of the battery cells are arranged along a first direction, the first direction is perpendicular or parallel to the first surface, the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are jointly disposed at the same end of the battery module along the first direction, or the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are respectively disposed at both ends of the battery module along the first direction. According to claim 10, the battery module is characterized in that the first direction is perpendicular to the first surface, and the positive electrode output terminal and the negative electrode output terminal are disposed at the same end of the battery module along the first direction. According to claim 11, the battery module is characterized in that all of the plurality of battery cells are arranged along the first direction, and all of the battery cells are connected in parallel to each other through the busbar. The battery module according to claim 11, characterized in that the plurality of battery cells are packaged together. The device includes multiple rows of battery cells arranged along a second direction, the multiple rows of battery cells being connected in series with each other through the busbar, and any row of battery cells including at least some of the battery cells arranged along the first direction, the at least some of the battery cells being connected in series with each other through the busbar, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that the surface of the positive electrode output terminal, the surface of the negative electrode output terminal and the surface of the busbar are respectively covered with the heat insulation layer. A battery, characterized in that it comprises a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the battery further comprising a housing, the housing having an internal cavity, the battery module being disposed in the cavity. An electrical device, characterized in that it includes a battery according to claim 15, the battery being used to supply power to the electrical device.