WO2025227297A1 - Wireless communication method, wireless communication device, wireless communication system, base station, and network side device - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a wireless communication method, a wireless communication device, a wireless communication system, a base station, and a network side device. The wireless communication method is executed in the wireless communication system, and comprises: a user equipment (UE) sends uplink information to a first base station, wherein the first base station refers to a base station that receives the uplink information from the UE; the first base station sends the uplink information to a network side device; the network side device determines that a base station for sending downlink information to the UE is a second base station, and the network side device sends the downlink information to the second base station; and the second base station sends the downlink information to the UE.

Description

Wireless communication methods, wireless communication devices, wireless communication systems, base stations and network-side equipment Technical Field

This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a wireless communication method, wireless communication device, wireless communication system, base station, and network-side device.

Background Technology

In existing technologies, transmission operations in satellite access systems/non-terrestrial networks (NTNs)/Internet of Things (IoT) systems aim to provide a certain level of communication service to user equipment (UEs) within satellite coverage, achieving latency-tolerant communication services. However, unresolved issues remain regarding the relevant architecture and processes in the field of wireless communication. Therefore, there is a need to propose a wireless communication method, wireless communication device, wireless communication system, base station, and network-side equipment to address the problems and other issues in existing technologies.

Summary of the Invention

This application provides a wireless communication method, a wireless communication device, a wireless communication system, a base station, and a network-side device.

This application provides a wireless communication method implemented in a wireless communication system, comprising: a user equipment (UE) sending uplink information to a first base station, wherein the first base station is a base station that receives the uplink information from the UE; the first base station sending the uplink information to a network-side device; the network-side device determining that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is a second base station; the network-side device sending the downlink information to the second base station; and the second base station sending the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is the second base station. This enables transmission and other functions, contributing to improved wireless communication performance.

This application provides a wireless communication method implemented in a wireless communication system, comprising: a UE sending uplink information to a first base station, wherein the first base station is a base station that receives the uplink information from the UE; the first base station sending the uplink information to a network-side device, wherein the transmission path from the first base station to a third base station is an uplink path, and the third base station is a base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device; the network-side device determining that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is a fourth base station; the network-side device sending the downlink information to the fourth base station; and the fourth base station sending the downlink information to the UE; wherein the transmission path from the fourth base station to a second base station is a downlink path, and the second base station is a base station that sends the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device determines that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is the fourth base station. The transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. This allows the information transmission path to be known, which helps improve the performance of wireless communication.

This application provides a wireless communication method executed at a base station, comprising: a first base station receiving uplink information from a UE; the first base station sending the uplink information to a network-side device; the first base station receiving a UE context request message sent by a second base station to request a UE context; and the first base station retrieving a UE context response message from the second base station to notify the UE context.

Through the above technical solution, the first base station receives a UE context request message sent by the second base station to request UE context, and the first base station retrieves a UE context response message from the second base station to notify the UE context. This enables transmission and other functions, helping to improve the performance of wireless communication.

This application provides a wireless communication method executed at a base station, comprising: a first base station receiving uplink information from a UE; the first base station sending the uplink information to a network-side device; wherein the transmission path from the first base station to a third base station is an uplink path, the third base station being a base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device; and the transmission path from a fourth base station to a second base station is a downlink path, the second base station being a base station that sends the downlink information to the UE, the fourth base station being a base station that receives downlink information from the network-side device.

Through the above technical solution, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side equipment, wherein the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. Thus, it can be known that... The path for transmitting information, etc., helps to improve the performance of wireless communication.

This application provides a wireless communication method executed at a base station, including a second base station receiving downlink information sent by a network-side device, wherein the second base station receives a notification from the network-side device, the base station receiving uplink information from the UE is a first base station, and the second base station sends the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the second base station receives the notification from the network-side device, and the base station receiving uplink information from the UE is the first base station. This enables transmission and other functions, helping to improve the performance of wireless communication.

This application provides a wireless communication method executed at a base station, comprising a fourth base station receiving downlink information from a network-side device and sending the downlink information to a UE. The method includes a first base station receiving uplink information from the UE, a second base station sending the downlink information to the UE, and a third base station sending the uplink information to the network-side device. The transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is an uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is a downlink path.

Through the above technical solution, the fourth base station sends the downlink information to the UE, wherein the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. This allows the transmission path to be determined, which helps improve the performance of wireless communication.

This application provides a wireless communication method executed on a network-side device, comprising the network-side device receiving uplink information sent by a first base station, wherein the first base station is a base station that receives the uplink information from a UE, the network-side device determining that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is a second base station, and the network-side device sending the downlink information to the second base station.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is the second base station. This enables transmission and other functions, contributing to improved wireless communication performance.

This application provides a wireless communication method executed on a network-side device. The method includes the network-side device receiving uplink information sent by a first base station, wherein the first base station is a base station that receives the uplink information from a user equipment (UE), the transmission path from the first base station to a third base station is an uplink path, the third base station is a base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the network-side device determines that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is a fourth base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the fourth base station, wherein the transmission path from the fourth base station to a second base station is a downlink path, and the second base station is a base station that sends the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device receives uplink information sent by the first base station, wherein the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. In this way, the transmission path can be determined, which helps to improve the performance of wireless communication.

This application provides a wireless communication system, including a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to execute the wireless communication method described above.

This application provides a wireless communication device, including a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to execute the wireless communication method described above.

The base station provided in this application includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer programs, and the processor calls and runs the computer programs stored in the memory to execute the aforementioned wireless communication method.

The network-side device provided in this application includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

The chip provided in this application embodiment is used to implement the above-described wireless communication method. Specifically, the chip includes a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to execute the above-described wireless communication method.

The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application embodiment is used to store a computer program that causes a computer to execute the above-described wireless communication method.

The computer program product provided in this application includes computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the above-described wireless communication method.

The computer program provided in this application embodiment, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-described wireless communication method.

Through the above technical solution, the base station sending downlink information to the UE is the second base station. This allows for transmission and helps improve wireless communication performance. Through the above technical solution, the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. This allows for knowing the transmission path, which helps improve wireless communication performance.

Attached Figure Description

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 2A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 2B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 2C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 2D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 2E is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 2F is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 2G is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3E is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3F is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3G is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3H is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3I is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3J is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3K is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3L is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 3M is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 4A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 4B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 4C is a schematic diagram of the solution for a gateway switching scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the chip according to an embodiment of this application;

Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication system provided in an embodiment of this application.

Detailed Implementation

The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various wireless communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) systems, 5G communication systems, or future wireless communication systems, etc.

For example, the wireless communication system 100 used in this application embodiment is shown in FIG1. The wireless communication system 100 may include base stations, such as a first base station 111 and a second base station 112. The base station may be a device that communicates with a user equipment (UE). The base station can provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area and can communicate with user equipment located within the coverage area. Optionally, the base station may be an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or the base station may be a mobile switching center, relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, hub, switch, bridge, router, network equipment in a 5G network, or a base station, satellite, etc. in a future communication system.

In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 receives a UE context request message sent by the second base station 112 to request UE context. The first base station 111 retrieves a UE context response message from the second base station 112 to notify the UE context. This allows for transmission and other functions to be completed, thus improving the performance of wireless communication.

The wireless communication system 100 also includes at least one user equipment 120 located within the coverage area of the base station. "User equipment" as used herein includes, but is not limited to, connections via wired lines, such as via Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTN), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection; and/or another data connection/network; and/or via a wireless interface, such as for cellular networks, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Networks (WLANs), digital television networks such as DVB-H networks, satellite networks, AM-FM radio transmitters; and/or other user equipment configured to receive/transmit communication signals; and/or Internet of Things (IoT) devices. User equipment configured to communicate via a wireless interface may be referred to as "wireless communication user equipment,""wireless user equipment," or "mobile user equipment." Examples of mobile user equipment include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular phones; Personal Communications System (PCS) user equipment that may combine cellular radiotelephony with data processing, fax, and data communication capabilities; PDAs that may include radiotelephones, pagers, Internet/intranet access, web browsers, notebooks, calendars, and/or Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers; and conventional laptop and/or handheld receivers or other electronic devices including radiotelephone transceivers. User equipment may refer to access user equipment, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote user equipment, mobile device, wireless communication equipment, or user agent. Access user equipment can be cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, user equipment in 5G networks, or user equipment in future PLMNs, etc.

In some embodiments of this application, the base station that sends downlink information to the user equipment 120 is a second base station 112. This allows for transmission and other functions, contributing to improved wireless communication performance.

Optionally, user equipment 120 can perform device-to-device (D2D) communication.

Alternatively, 5G communication systems or 5G networks may also be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems or NR networks.

The wireless communication system 100 also includes a network-side device 130. Optionally, the network-side device 130 may be a gateway. Optionally, the network-side device 130 may be a core network. The core network may be an IP mobile communication network operated by a mobile communication operator. For example, the core network may be the core network used by the mobile communication operator that operates and manages the wireless communication system 100, or it may be the core network used by a virtual mobile communication operator such as an MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator).

Network-side device 130 can communicate with the first base station 111 and/or the second base station 112, serving as a relay device for transmitting user data. User equipment 120 transmits and receives user data via network-side device 130. It should be noted that user data communication is not limited to IP communication, but can also be non-IP communication.

In some embodiments of this application, the network-side device 130 determines that the base station sending downlink information to the user equipment 120 is the second base station 112. This allows for transmission and other functions, contributing to improved wireless communication performance.

As exemplarily shown in FIG1, the Store and Forward (S&F) operation in the wireless communication system 100 applied in this application embodiment is described below. In some use cases of S&F satellite operation, in S&F satellite operation mode, the end-to-end exchange of signaling/data traffic is processed as a combination of two steps, rather than occurring simultaneously in time. S&F operation in satellite access systems/NTN/Internet of Things (IoT) NTN systems is designed to provide a certain level of communication service (e.g., when the satellite is not connected to the ground network via a feeder link or via an intersatellite link (ISL)) for delay-tolerant communication services to UEs under satellite coverage with intermittent/temporary satellite connections. A feeder link refers to the communication path between the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) and the ground network (network-side device 130).

As shown in Figure 1, in the normal/default satellite operation mode, the signaling and data traffic exchange between the user equipment 120 with satellite access and the network-side equipment 130 (remote terrestrial network) requires both the service link and the feeder link to be active simultaneously. This ensures that when the user equipment 120 interacts with the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) through the service link, a continuous end-to-end connection path exists between the user equipment 120, the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112), and the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130). The service refers to the communication path between the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) and the user equipment 120.

In S&F satellite operation mode, end-to-end signaling/data traffic exchange is processed as a combination of two time-discontinuous steps (steps A and B in Figure 1). In step A, signaling/data exchange occurs between user equipment 120 and the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112), while the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) is not simultaneously connected to the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130), i.e., the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) can operate the service link without an active feeder link connection. In step B, connectivity is established between the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) and the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130), enabling communication between the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) and the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130). Therefore, the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) changes from connecting to user equipment 120 in step A to connecting to the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130) in step B.

In this application, some embodiments refer to this process as a two-step process. The concept of S&F services is widely used in latency-tolerant and interruption-tolerant networking. In the context of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the service that can be assimilated with S&F services is Short Message Service (SMS). For this purpose, an end-to-end connection is not required between endpoints (e.g., one endpoint could be user equipment 120, and the other endpoint could be an application server), but only between the endpoints and the SMS server. Established between Short Message Service Control Systems (SMSCs), it acts as an intermediate node responsible for storage and dependencies. S&F satellite operations support is particularly well-suited for providing latency-tolerant/non-real-time IoT satellite services using non-geosynchronous orbit (NGSO) satellites.

It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this document. The term "and/or" in this document merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and/or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character "/" in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. In some embodiments, the term "configuration" can refer to "pre-configuration" and "network configuration." The terms "definition" or "pre-defined" in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other information indicative indices in the device (e.g., including UE and network devices). This application does not limit specific implementation methods. For example, "definition" or "predefined" can refer to those defined in the protocol. It should also be understood that "protocol" in this invention can refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, the New Radio (NR) protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems. This application does not limit this. A base station can be a terrestrial cellular base station or a satellite base station. A satellite base station can also be called a satellite. A terrestrial cellular base station can wirelessly communicate with a communication terminal device. A satellite base station can wirelessly communicate with the aforementioned communication terminal device via a satellite communication relay device.

Some embodiments of this application solve the following technical problems.

Technical Question 1: Regarding the feeder link switching issue, when the first base station and the second base station are different, what enhancements are needed during the transmission process? The first base station refers to the base station that receives the uplink information from the UE, and the second base station refers to the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE.

Technical Question 2: Regarding the feeder link switching issue, how should the transmission paths from the first base station to the network-side equipment and from the network-side equipment to the second base station be defined, configured, and how should the relevant base stations be notified?

To address the aforementioned technical problems, some embodiments of this application solve these problems from the following aspects:

(1) Regarding the solution to technical problem 1, how can the transmission be completed if the base station serving the same UE changes during the same transmission? This solution includes one or more of the following scenarios: for example, Cellular IoT (CIoT) optimization, including one or more of the following solutions: control plane (CP) solution or user plane (UP) solution, Early Data Transmission (EDT) process, including one or more of the following solutions: MO-EDT CP solution, MT-EDT CP solution, MO-EDT UP solution, MT-EDT CP solution, and Preconfigured Uplink Resource (PUR) process solution, all of which are applicable to the state scenarios of user equipment 120, such as idle/suspended state and connected state scenarios. In some embodiments, user equipment 120 transmits in a state scenario, such as idle/suspended state. The suspended state refers to the state that user equipment 120 enters after undergoing a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection suspend process. In some embodiments, when user equipment 120 uses Cellular IoT (CIoT) Optimization (CIOT) processes or Early Data Transmission (EDT)/Preconfigured Uplink Resource (PUR) processes, user equipment 120 is in a state scenario throughout, such as an idle/suspended state. Another scenario is that user equipment 120 transmits in a state scenario, such as a connected state. In some embodiments, when user equipment 120 uses the Cellular IoT (CIoT) Optimization (CIOT) process or the Early Data Transmission (EDT)/Preconfigured Uplink Resource (PUR) process, user equipment 120 is in a state scenario throughout, such as a connected state. Enhancements are made in the following three aspects in this case: 1. Signaling/data transmission between the new and old base stations is completed normally. 2. Grouping is used between X2 interfaces, allowing information from multiple UEs to be transmitted in a single transmission, and optimizing the signaling structure to reduce overhead. 3. How to handle situations where the old base station is unaware of the new base station's information.

(2) Regarding the solution to technical problem 2, how to inform the base station of the path for forwarding/sending signaling and data. Enhancements were made in the following aspects to address this problem: 1. All possible scenarios were analyzed. 2. Store-and-forward (SF) area IDs and GW IDs were defined. 3. The information included in the path information transmitted from network-side devices to the base station was defined.

To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions related to the embodiments of this application will be described below.

Solution to technical problem 1:

Figure 2A is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2A, the wireless communication method, executed in a wireless communication system, includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 201A: A User Equipment (UE) sends uplink information to a first base station. The first base station refers to the base station that receives the uplink information from the UE. Operation 202A: The first base station sends the uplink information to a network-side device. Operation 203A: The network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is a second base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the second base station. Operation 204A: The second base station sends the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is the second base station. Thus, It can complete the transmission, which helps improve the performance of wireless communication.

Figure 2B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2B, the wireless communication method is executed at a base station and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 201B: The first base station receives uplink information from the UE; Operation 202B: The first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device; Operation 203B: The first base station receives a UE context request message sent by the second base station to request the UE context; Operation 204B: The first base station retrieves a UE context response message from the second base station to notify the UE context.

Through the above technical solution, the first base station receives a UE context request message sent by the second base station to request UE context, and the first base station retrieves a UE context response message from the second base station to notify the UE context. This enables transmission and other functions, helping to improve the performance of wireless communication.

Figure 2C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2C, the wireless communication method is executed at a base station and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 201C: A second base station receives downlink information sent by a network-side device. Wherein, the second base station receives a notification from the network-side device that the base station receiving uplink information from the UE is a first base station. Operation 202C: The second base station sends the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the second base station receives the notification from the network-side device, and the base station receiving uplink information from the UE is the first base station. This enables transmission and other functions, helping to improve the performance of wireless communication.

Figure 2D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2D, the wireless communication method is executed on a network-side device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 201D: The network-side device receives uplink information sent by a first base station. The first base station refers to the base station that receives the uplink information from the UE. Operation 202D: The network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is a second base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the second base station.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is the second base station. This enables transmission and other functions, contributing to improved wireless communication performance.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the first base station is, for example, the first base station 111 shown in FIG1, the second base station is, for example, the second base station 112 shown in FIG1, the UE is, for example, the user equipment 120 shown in FIG1, and the network side device is, for example, the network side device 130 shown in FIG1.

In some embodiments of this application, the network-side device 130 notifies the second base station 112 that the base station receiving the uplink information from the user equipment 120 is the first base station 111.

In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the second base station 112 sending a UE context request message to the first base station 111 to request UE context; the first base station 111 retrieving a UE context response message from the second base station 112 to notify the UE context. In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the network-side device 130 sending a UE context request message to the first base station 111 to request UE context; the first base station 111 retrieving a UE context response message from the network-side device 130 to notify the UE context; and the network-side device 130 sending the UE context to the second base station 112. In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the first base station 111 sending the UE context to the network-side device 130; and the network-side device 130 sending the UE context to the second base station 112. In some embodiments of this application, the UE context request message is, for example, a Retrieve UE Context Request message, carrying the identification information and signature of the user equipment 120 to request the UE context. In some embodiments of this application, the UE context response message is, for example, a Retrieve UE Context Response message, carrying key materials to notify the UE context.

This solution includes one or more of the following scenarios: such as Cellular IoT (CIoT) optimization, including one or more of the following solutions: control plane (CP) solution or user plane (UP) solution, Early Data Transmission (EDT) process, including one or more of the following solutions: MO-EDT CP solution, MT-EDT CP solution, MO-EDT UP solution, MT-EDT CP solution, and Preconfigured Uplink Resource (PUR) process solution, all of which are applicable to user equipment 120 state scenarios, such as idle/suspend state and connected state scenarios.

One scenario is that the user equipment 120 transmits in a state-defined scenario, such as an idle/suspended state. For example, in some embodiments of this application, when the user equipment 120 transmits in a state-defined scenario, such as an idle/suspended state, the information that needs to be transmitted between the first base station 111 and the second base station 112 includes a UE context request message and a UE context response message. In some embodiments, when the user equipment 120 uses one or more of the following scenarios: such as Cellular IoT (CIoT) optimization, including one or more of the following schemes: control plane (CP) scheme or user plane (UP) scheme, Early Data Transmission (EDT) process, including one or more of the following schemes: MO-EDT CP scheme, MT-EDT CP scheme, MO-EDT UP scheme, MT-EDT CP scheme, and Preconfigured Uplink Resource (PUR) process scheme, the user equipment 120 is in a state-defined scenario throughout, such as an idle/suspended state. The idle/suspended state. The information transmitted between the new base station (second base station 112) and the old base station (first base station 111) is a UE context retrieval request message and a UE context retrieval response message. That is, in some embodiments of this application, the second base station 112 sends a UE context retrieval request message to the first base station 111, carrying the identification information and signature of the user equipment 120 to request the UE context. The first base station 111 replies to the second base station 112 with a UE context retrieval response message, carrying key materials to notify the UE context. Therefore, in this situation, when the user equipment 120 transmits in a state scenario, such as an idle/suspended state, the first base station 111 and the second base station 112 need to transmit both a UE context retrieval request message and a UE context retrieval response message.

For example, since the network-side device 130 selects to switch to the second base station 112, and the first base station 111 is unaware of this information, the first base station 111 is also unaware of whether an interface (X2 interface) X2 exists between the two (first base station 111 and second base station 112). For example, in some embodiments of this application, the following two solutions can be used to solve this technical problem.

Solution 1: The first base station 111 does not provide UE context to the network-side device 130. Further, depending on whether there is an X2 interface between the first base station 111 and the second base station 112, there are two solutions: Solution 1-1: The first base station 111 and the second base station 112 have an X2 interface; and Solution 1-2: The first base station 111 and the second base station 112 do not have an X2 interface.

In some embodiments of this application, the names and order of the processes are used as examples. This application is not limited to the names and order of the processes in the examples. The focus is on the information to be transmitted between nodes.

Solution 1-1: The first base station 111 does not provide UE context to the network-side device 130, and the first base station 111 and the second base station 112 have an X2 interface.

Figure 2E illustrates some embodiments of Solution 1-1 (where the first base station 111 and the second base station 112 have an X2 interface). Figure 2E is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2E, the wireless communication method includes at least one of the following operations:

Operation 201E: User equipment 120 transmits uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) to the first base station 111.

Operation 202E: The first base station 111 transmits uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) to the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network).

Operation 203E: The network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) determines which base station is the second base station 112, then transmits downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the second base station 112 and notifies the second base station 112 which base station is the first base station 111.

Operation 204E: The second base station 112 sends a UE context retrieval request message to the first base station 111 to obtain the UE context.

Operation 205E: The first base station 111 replies with a UE context retrieval response message to the second base station 112 to notify the second base station 112 of the UE context.

Operation 206E: The second base station 112 sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the user equipment 120.

Solution 1-2: The first base station 111 does not provide UE context to the network-side device 130, and there is no X2 interface between the first base station 111 and the second base station 112.

Figure 2F illustrates some embodiments of solutions 1-2 (where there is no X2 interface between the first base station 111 and the second base station 112). Figure 2F is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2F, the wireless communication method includes at least one of the following operations:

Operation 201F: User equipment 120 transmits uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) to the first base station 111.

Operation 202F: The first base station 111 transmits uplink information (such as uplink signaling/data) to the network-side device 130 (such as gateway/core network).

Operation 203F: After the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) determines which base station is the second base station 112, it will know that there is no X2 interface between the first base station 111 and the second base station 112, and will send a UE context retrieval request message to the first base station 111 to obtain the UE context.

Operation 204F: The first base station 111 retrieves the UE context and sends it to the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network).

Operation 205F: The network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) and UE context to the second base station 112.

Operation 206F: The second base station 112 sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the user equipment 120.

Solution 2: The first base station 111 provides the UE context to the network-side device 130. Solution 2 can be used regardless of whether the X2 interface exists.

Figure 2G illustrates some embodiments of Solution 2 (first base station 111 provides UE context to network-side device 130). Figure 2G is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2G, the wireless communication method includes at least one of the following operations:

Operation 201G: User equipment 120 transmits uplink information (such as uplink signaling/data) to the first base station 111.

Operation 202G: The first base station 111 transmits uplink information (such as uplink signaling/data) and the UE context to the network side device. Backup 130 (e.g., gateway/core network).

Operation 203E: The network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) determines which base station is the second base station 112, and then transmits downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) and UE context to the second base station 112.

Operation 204E: The second base station 112 sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the user equipment 120.

In some embodiments of this application, the UE context request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, short integrity protection check code (MAC-I), new evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) cell identifier (ID), new evolved NodeB eNB UE X2 interface application protocol (X2AP) ID, cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI), and recovery ID. In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the message type, the short MAC-I, and/or the E-UTRAN cell ID is public information. In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the new eNB UE X2AP ID, the C-RNTI, and/or the recovery ID is UE-specific information.

In some embodiments of this application, the UE context response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, Globally Unique Mobility Management Entity Identifier (GUMMEI), old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and UE context information. In some embodiments of this application, the message type and/or the GUMMEI are public information. In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the UE context information is UE-specific information.

For example, in some embodiments of this application, when transmitting the UE context request message and the UE context response message, uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) from multiple user equipment 120s can be processed into group transmissions, as can downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) from the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) to multiple user equipment 120s. That is, information from or to multiple user equipment 120s can be transmitted in a single message. In this case, the message transmission content can be optimized. If the information from multiple user equipment 120s has common content, it only needs to be sent once, while UE-specific information needs to be included in the message for each user equipment 120.

For example, in some embodiments of this application, the following information is public information, may be public information, and is UE-specific information.

The public information of a UE context request message includes at least one of the following: message type.

The UE context request message may contain public information including at least one of the following: a short integrity protection check code (MAC-I) or a new evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) cell identifier ID.

The UE-specific information in the UE context request message includes at least one of the following: the new evolved NodeB eNB UE X2 interface application protocol X2AP ID, the cell radio network temporary identifier C-RNTI, and the recovery ID.

The public information of the UE context response message includes at least one of the following: message type.

The UE context response message may contain public information including at least one of the following: Globally Unique Mobility Management Entity Identifier (GUMMEI).

The UE-specific information in the UE context response message includes at least one of the following: the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and UE context information.

In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the second base station 112 sending a link switching request message to the first base station 111 to request a link switching; the first base station 111 replying to the second base station 112 with a link switching response message to notify of the link switching. In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the network-side device 130 sending a link switching request message to the first base station 111 to request a link switching; the first base station 111 replying to the network-side device 130 with a link switching response message to notify of the link switching; and the network-side device sending the link switching message to the second base station 112. In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the first base station 111 sending a link switching message to the network-side device 130; and the network-side device 130 sending the link switching message to the second base station 112.

In some embodiments of this application, the link handover request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, reason, target cell ID, GUMMEI, and UE context information. In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the message type, the reason, the target cell ID, and/or the GUMMEI is common information, thereby reducing signaling overhead. In some embodiments of this application, the UE context information is UE-specific information.

In some embodiments of this application, the link handover response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, information acknowledgment, old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and Evolved Radio Access Bearer (ERAB) admission list. In some embodiments of this application, the message type and/or the information acknowledgment are common information. In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the ERAB admission list is UE-specific information.

For example, in some embodiments of this application, when the user equipment 120 is transmitting in a state scenario, such as a connected state, the information transmitted between the new base station (second base station 112) and the old base station (first base station 111) is a link handover request message (e.g., base station handover/ The system transmits both a feeder link switch request (eNB switch/feeder link switch request) and a link switch response message (eNB switch/feeder link switch Acknowledge). In other words, in some embodiments of this application, the second base station 112 sends a link switch request message to the first base station 111 to request a link switch, and the first base station 111 replies to the second base station 112 with a link switch response message to notify of the link switch. Therefore, in this scenario, when the user equipment 120 is in a state-based scenario, such as transmission in a connected state, the first base station 111 and the second base station 112 need to transmit both the link switch request message and the link switch response message.

The common information in a link switching request message includes at least one of the following: message type and reason.

The link handover request message may contain public information including at least one of the following: target cell ID, GUMMEI.

The UE-specific information in the link handover request message includes at least one of the following: UE context information.

The common information in a link switching response message includes at least one of the following: message type.

The link switching response message may contain common information: information confirmation.

The UE-specific information in the link handover response message includes at least one of the following: the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and the Evolved Radio Access Bearer (ERAB) Admission List.

Solution to technical problem 2:

Figure 3A is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3A, the wireless communication method, executed in a wireless communication system, includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 301A: The UE sends uplink information to a first base station. The first base station is the base station that receives the uplink information from the UE. Operation 302A: The first base station sends the uplink information to a network-side device. The transmission path from the first base station to a third base station is the uplink path, and the third base station is the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device. Operation 303A: The network-side device determines that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is a fourth base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the fourth base station. Operation 304A: The fourth base station sends the downlink information to the UE. The transmission path from the fourth base station to a second base station is the downlink path, and the second base station is the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device determines that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is the fourth base station. The transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. This allows the information transmission path to be known, which helps improve the performance of wireless communication.

Figure 3B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3B, the wireless communication method is executed at a base station and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 301B: A first base station receives uplink information from a UE, and the first base station sends the uplink information to a network-side device. Wherein, the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, the third base station being the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device; the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path, the second base station being the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE, and the fourth base station being the base station that receives the downlink information from the network-side device.

Through the above technical solution, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side equipment. The transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. This allows the transmission path to be known, which helps improve the performance of wireless communication.

Figure 3C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3C, the wireless communication method is executed at a base station and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 301C: A fourth base station receives downlink information from a network-side device, and the fourth base station sends the downlink information to a UE. Wherein, the first base station refers to the base station that receives uplink information from the UE, the second base station refers to the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE, and the third base station refers to the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device. The transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path.

Through the above technical solution, the fourth base station sends the downlink information to the UE, wherein the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. This allows the transmission path to be determined, which helps improve the performance of wireless communication.

Figure 3D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3D, the wireless communication method is executed on a network-side device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 301D: The network-side device receives uplink information sent by a first base station. Wherein, the first base station refers to the base station that receives the uplink information from the user equipment (UE), the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the third base station is the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device. Operation 302D: The network-side device determines that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is a fourth base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the fourth base station. Wherein, the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path, and the second base station is the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE.

Through the above technical solution, the network-side device receives uplink information sent by the first base station, wherein the first base station to the... The transmission path from the three base stations is the uplink path, while the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. This allows us to determine the transmission path and other details, which helps improve the performance of wireless communication.

Specifically, in some embodiments, feeder link switching can be divided into the following three types: 1. Base station switching: Feeder link switching caused by a change in the transmitting and receiving base stations. 2. Gateway switching: Feeder link switching caused by a change in the transmitting and receiving gateways. 3. Core network switching: Feeder link switching caused by a change in the transmitting and receiving core network.

The following example further illustrates the base station handover scenario. As shown in Figure 3E, in S&F satellite operation mode, end-to-end signaling/data traffic exchange is processed as a combination of two time-discontinuous steps (steps A and B in Figure 3E). In step A, signaling/data exchange occurs between user equipment 120 and the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112), while the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) is not simultaneously connected to the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130). That is, the satellite (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) can operate the service link without an active feeder link connection. In step B, connectivity is established between the satellite (third base station 113 and/or fourth base station 114) and the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130), enabling communication between the satellite (third base station 113 and/or fourth base station 114) and the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130). Therefore, the connection of satellites (first base station 111 and/or second base station 112) to user equipment 120 in step A is transformed into the connection of satellites (third base station 113 and/or fourth base station 114) to the terrestrial network (network-side equipment 130) in step B.

In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG3E, in step A, user equipment 120 sends the uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) to be sent to the first base station 111 connected to it, and the third base station 113 sends it to the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) in step B. When the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data), it can choose to send it to another base station (e.g., fourth base station 114). For example, the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the fourth base station 114, and then the second base station 112, after establishing a connection with user equipment 120 in step A, brings the downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to user equipment 120.

In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are the same base station, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station. In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are the same base station, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations. In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are two different base stations, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station. In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are two different base stations, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations.

In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130 through a node, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are the same base station, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station. In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130 through a node, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are the same base station, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations. In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130 through a node, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are two different base stations, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station. In some embodiments of this application, the first base station 111 sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130 through a node, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are two different base stations, and the second base station 112 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations.

Specifically, in some embodiments, FIG3E is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG3E, the wireless communication method is executed in a wireless communication system 100 and includes at least one of the following operations:

Operation 301E: User equipment 120 sends uplink information to first base station 111. Here, first base station 111 refers to the base station that receives the uplink information from user equipment 120.

Operation 302E: The first base station 111 sends the uplink information directly or indirectly to the network-side device 130. If sent directly, the first base station 111 sends the uplink information directly to the network-side device 130 without passing through other base stations. If sent indirectly, the first base station 111 needs to forward the uplink information to other base stations (possibly through one or more base stations), and finally, the third base station 113 sends it to the network-side device 130. The first base station 111 needs to know the transmission path, that is, the transmission path from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 is the uplink path.

Operation 303E: Network-side device 130 sends downlink information to the fourth base station 114. Whether the third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station is determined by the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) to identify the fourth base station 114, allowing it to directly receive downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) from the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network).

Operation 304E: The fourth base station 114 transmits downlink information directly or indirectly to the user equipment 120. If transmitted directly, the fourth base station 114 sends the downlink information directly to the user equipment 120 without passing through other base stations. If transmitted indirectly, the fourth base station 114 needs to forward the downlink information to other base stations (possibly through one or more base stations), and finally, the second base station 112 sends it to the user equipment 120. Whether the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station is crucial. The fourth base station 114 needs to know the transmission path, i.e., the transmission path from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112 is a downlink path. The base station can be a terrestrial cellular base station or a satellite base station. A satellite base station can also be called a satellite. Terrestrial cellular base stations can wirelessly communicate with communication terminal devices. Satellite base stations can wirelessly communicate with the aforementioned communication terminal devices via satellite communication relay devices.

Figures 3F to 3M are schematic flowcharts of the wireless communication method provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figures 3F to 3M, various scenarios are generated by combinations of different dimensions, namely, whether the first base station 111 directly or indirectly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130, whether the third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station, and whether the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station.

Scenario 1: As shown in Figure 3F, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station, and the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station. Scenario 1 does not involve feeder link switching, does not require an X2 interface, does not require a path to the network-side device 130, and does not require a path to the user equipment 120.

Scenario 2: As shown in Figure 3G, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station, while the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are two different base stations. Scenario 2 requires an X2 interface and does not require a path to the network-side device 130, but rather a path to the user equipment 120.

Scenario 3: As shown in Figure 3H, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations, while the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station. Scenario 3 does not require an X2 interface, a path to the network-side device 130, or a path to the user equipment 120.

Scenario 4: As shown in Figure 3I, the first base station 111 directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations, and the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are two different base stations. Scenario 4 requires an X2 interface and does not require a path to the network-side device 130, but requires a path to the user equipment 120.

Scenario 5: As shown in Figure 3J, the first base station 111 indirectly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station, and the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station. Scenario 5 requires an X2 interface and a path to the network-side device 130, but not a path to the user equipment 120.

Scenario 6: As shown in Figure 3K, the first base station 111 indirectly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are the same base station, while the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are two different base stations. Scenario 6 requires an X2 interface and a path to the network-side device 130, but not a path to the user equipment 120.

Scenario 7: As shown in Figure 3L, the first base station 111 indirectly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations, while the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station. Scenario 7 requires an X2 interface, a path to the network-side device 130, and a path to the user equipment 120.

Scenario 8: As shown in Figure 3M, the first base station 111 indirectly sends the uplink information to the network-side device 130. The third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 are two different base stations, and the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are two different base stations. Scenario 8 requires an X2 interface, a path to the network-side device 130, and a path to the user equipment 120.

In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the network-side device 130 sending a first table and/or a second table to the serving base station, wherein the first table includes a stored and forwarded SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station 113, and a relay base station ID included in the uplink path, and the second table includes an SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station 112, and a relay base station ID included in the downlink path. In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the network-side device 130 sending an uplink path corresponding to an SF area to the serving base station, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station 113, and the relay base station ID included in the uplink path. In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the network-side device 130 sending a downlink path corresponding to an SF area to the serving base station, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station 112, and the relay base station ID included in the downlink path. In some embodiments of this application, the serving base station is a first base station 111 or a second base station 112.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the configuration path (route) scheme and the required auxiliary information are described below. Two types of tables are defined: the first table and the second table.

Table 1: Transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 corresponding to each SF area ID.

The first table represents a serving base station. If it receives the above information, it knows that it has reached the area of SF area ID 1. After the serving base station finishes serving this area, the next base station that can provide services to user equipment 120 is eNB1-1. At the same time, it can also inform the serving base station of the paths to reach eNB1-1 and which base stations it can pass through in between. In some embodiments of this application, the serving base station is the first base station 111 or the second base station 112.

Second table: Transmission path (downlink path) from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112 corresponding to each SF area ID/gateway ID (GW ID).

The second table represents a serving base station. If it receives the above information, it knows that it has reached the area of SF area ID 1/GW ID 1. After the serving base station finishes serving this area, the next base station that can provide services to user equipment 120 is eNB1-1. At the same time, it can also inform the serving base station of the paths to reach eNB1-1 and which base stations it can pass through in between. In some embodiments of this application, the serving base station is the first base station 111 or the second base station 112.

The third table: a master table that combines the first and second tables.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the network-side device 130 may provide the base station with a path for a specific SF area each time, instead of providing a table all at once. Corresponding to the two types of tables (the first table and the second table), the following two types of single paths are also defined here.

First Single Path: The transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 corresponding to a certain SF area. It includes the following information: [SF Area ID, Third Base Station 113, Transmission Path Base Station].

Second Single Path: The transmission path (downlink path) from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112 corresponding to a certain SF area. It includes the following information: [SF Area ID, Second Base Station 112, Transmission Path Base Station].

Figure 4A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication method includes a network-side device 130 informing a base station of table information. This solution is applicable to all eight scenarios mentioned above. For simplified scenarios, there are simplified alternatives. Specifically, the simplified solution could be that these four types of base stations (first base station 111, second base station 112, third base station 113, and fourth base station 114) may have the same situation. For example, at least two of the first base station 111, second base station 112, third base station 113, and fourth base station 114 may be the same base station. For instance, the second base station 112 and third base station 113 may be the same base station, or the second base station 112, third base station 113, and fourth base station 114 may be the same base station, or the first base station 111, second base station 112, third base station 113, and fourth base station 114 may be the same base station. Base station 112, the third base station 113, and the fourth base station 114 may be the same base station. The process described in Figure 4A is as follows:

1. Operation 401A: The ground station (including network-side equipment 130 (e.g., gateway/core network)) informs all or some of the base stations, providing path information and/or SF area ID. If it is some base stations, these base stations need to be able to provide SF mode service to one or more user equipment 120 in a certain area. This step includes any of the following:

1-1. The purpose of path information is to inform the transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 and/or from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112 (downlink path). This path information can be provided to each base station in the form of a table, which can be the first table and/or the second table mentioned above, or the third table. The third table is a general table that combines the first and second tables. The provision of path information can take any of the following forms:

1-1-1. Only the transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 is provided, such as only the first table is provided.

1-1-2. Simultaneously provide the transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 and the transmission path (downlink path) from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112, such as providing a first table and a second table, or providing a third table.

1-1-3. No table is provided, which indicates that the first base station 111 and the third base station 113 are the same base station.

1-2. Regarding the provision of SF area ID information, any of the following situations are possible:

1-2-1. The base station does not parse the SF area ID information; it simply provides it to the user equipment 120. This SF area ID information is delivered to the user equipment 120 via a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) message.

1-2-2. The base station needs to parse and obtain the SF area ID information. This step can have any of the following scenarios:

1-2-2-1. The base station needs to transmit the SF area ID information to the user equipment 120.

1-2-2-2. The base station does not need to transmit the SF area ID information to the user equipment 120.

1-2-3. The SF area ID information is not sent here, but is provided to the user equipment 120 and/or base station through other means, such as pre-configured or pre-stored. This step can have any of the following situations:

1-2-3-1. Only provide the SF area ID information to user equipment 120.

1-2-3-2. Only provide the SF area ID information to the base station.

1-2-3-3. At the same time, the SF area ID information is provided to the user equipment 120 and the base station.

2. Operation 402A: Determine whether the base station needs to transmit SF area ID information to user equipment 120. This step can have any of the following situations:

2-1. If in step 1 (operation 401A), the base station needs to transmit SF area ID information to user equipment 120, as in steps 1-2-1 and 1-2-2-1, then the following steps are performed: The base station sends SF area ID information to user equipment 120, informing each user equipment 120 of the corresponding SF area ID of its location. The base station can inform the user equipment 120 of the SF area ID information via broadcast. For example, if all user equipment 120s in one or more cells belong to the same SF area, the base station can send a broadcast message in one or more cells to notify the ID of that SF cell. Alternatively, it can use a dedicated method, where the base station individually notifies each user equipment 120. A combination of both methods can also be used. For example, if most user equipment 120s in one or more cells belong to the same SF area, all user equipment 120s are first notified via broadcast, and then other user equipment 120s with different IDs are notified via a dedicated method. After receiving this ID, these user equipment 120s will overwrite the ID originally obtained via broadcast.

2-2. If the base station does not need to transmit SF area ID information to the UE in step 1, such as step 1-2-2-2 or step 1-2-3, then skip step 2-1.

3. Operation 403A: User Equipment 120 sends uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) to the first base station 111. Additionally, if the first base station 111 does not know the SF area ID information, such as if steps 1-2-1 and 1-2-3-1 were performed in step 1, then User Equipment 120 must simultaneously send its SF area ID to the first base station 111.

4. Operation 404A: When the first base station 111 knows the path information and SF area ID information of the third base station 113, it will forward the uplink information and SF area ID to the next base station according to the path.

5. Operation 405A: The next base station will continue to forward the uplink information and SF area ID to the next base station according to the path, until it is forwarded to the third base station 113.

6. Operation 406A: The third base station 113 sends uplink information to the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network).

7. Operation 407A: Network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to third base station 113, which is determined by network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network). The downlink information may include gateway ID (GW ID) and path information. Regarding the transmission of path information, any of the following scenarios are possible:

7-1. If the transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 was not sent in step 1, such as if the second table was not sent but step 1-1-1 was executed, then the second table needs to be sent here.

7-2. If, in step 1, a transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 and/or a transmission path (downlink path) from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112 was sent, such as sending the first table and/or the second table, or the third table, However, if the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) believes that the first and/or second tables, or the third table, need to be updated, then the updated first and/or second tables, or the updated third table, need to be sent here.

7-3. If no path information is sent, this step includes any of the following cases:

7-3-1. If both path information from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 and path information from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112 are provided in step 1, then if step 1-1-2 or step 1-1-3 has been executed, then the path information shall continue to be used.

7-3-2. If step 1 only provides the transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113, and step 1-1-1 is executed, it means that the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station.

7-4. At the same time, the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) indicates to the user equipment 120 which base station 111 will be used for the next transmission. If this information is not given, it can be assumed that the first base station 111 to be used for the next transmission is the second base station 112 used in the previous transmission.

8. Operation 408A: The fourth base station 114 sends downlink information (such as downlink signaling/data) to the second base station 112 according to the path information.

9. Operation 409A: The second base station 112 sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the user equipment 120.

10. Operation 410A: According to the information provided in step 7-4, the second base station 112 used in the previous transmission notifies the first base station 111 to be used in the next transmission that it needs to be responsible for the next transmission of user equipment 120.

11. Operation 411A: The first base station 111 to be used for the next transmission begins to conduct the next transmission with the user equipment 120, such as connecting with the user equipment 120 through paging, or transmitting with the user equipment 120 in a state scenario, such as idle/suspend.

It is worth noting that the above steps can be performed in other orders; in addition, only some of the above steps can be performed, without any restrictions.

Figure 4B is a schematic flowchart of a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication method includes a network-side device 130 informing a base station of single-path information. This scheme is applicable to all eight scenarios mentioned above. For simplified scenarios, there are simplified alternatives. The flowchart in Figure 4B is described as follows:

1. Operation 401B: For the initial first transmission, user equipment 120 sends uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) to the first base station 111.

2. Operation 402B: The first base station 111 sends uplink information (e.g., uplink signaling/data) to the network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network).

3. Operation 403B: Network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to third base station 113, which is determined by network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network). The downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) may contain single-path information and may have any of the following characteristics:

3-1. If single-path information is transmitted from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 and from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112, first single-path information and second single-path information may be provided. The first single path refers to the transmission path (uplink path) from the first base station 111 to the third base station 113 corresponding to a certain SF area. The first single-path information is: [SF area ID, third base station 113, transmission path base station]. The second single path refers to the transmission path (downlink path) from the fourth base station 114 to the second base station 112 corresponding to a certain SF area. The second single-path information is: [SF area ID, second base station 112, transmission path base station].

3-2. If only the first single path information is provided, then the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station in this transmission.

3-3. If only the second single path information is provided, then in the next transmission, the first base station 111, the second base station 112, and the third base station 113 are the same base station.

3-4. If neither the first single path information nor the second single path information is provided, then in this transmission, the fourth base station 114 and the second base station 112 are the same base station. In the next transmission, the first base station 111, the second base station 112, and the third base station 113 are the same base station.

Meanwhile, network-side device 130 (e.g., gateway/core network) can indicate to user equipment 120 which base station 111 will be used for the next transmission.

4. Operation 404B: The fourth base station 114 sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the second base station 112 according to the path information.

5. Operation 405B: The second base station 112 sends downlink information (e.g., downlink signaling/data) to the user equipment 120.

6. Operation 406B: According to the information provided in step 3, the second base station 112 used in the previous transmission notifies the first base station 111 to be used in the next transmission that it needs to be responsible for the next transmission of user equipment 120, and at the same time informs the first base station 111 to be used in the next transmission of the single path information obtained in steps 3-1, 3-3 and 3-4.

7. Operation 407B: The first base station 111 to be used for the next transmission begins to communicate with user equipment 120, such as by connecting to user equipment 120 via paging, or in a state scenario, such as idle/suspended mode. Device 120 performs the transmission.

It is worth noting that the above steps can be performed in other orders; in addition, only some of the above steps can be performed, without any restrictions.

In some embodiments of this application, the wireless communication method further includes: the third base station 113 sending the uplink information to the first gateway of the network-side device 130, the first gateway forwarding the information to the target gateway through zero or one or more intermediate gateways, and the target gateway sending the downlink information to the fourth base station 114. In some embodiments of this application, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are the same base station. In some embodiments of this application, the fourth base station 114 and the third base station 113 are two different base stations.

Specifically, in some embodiments, Figure 4C is a schematic diagram of the solution for a gateway switching scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 4C, in the above process, the gateways that transmit/receive information from the third base station 113 and the fourth base station 114 can be different, which is also a type of feeder link switching. As shown in the left figure of Figure 4C, after the third base station 113 sends uplink information to the first gateway GW1, the first gateway GW1 forwards it to other gateways. It can be forwarded directly to the target gateway (the target gateway in Figure 4C is GWm), or it can be forwarded to the target gateway through one or more intermediate gateways (such as GW2). Then, the target gateway sends downlink information to the third base station 113. The right figure of Figure 4C: The difference from the left figure of Figure 4C is that the target gateway sends downlink information to the fourth base station 114 instead of the original third base station 113. This situation is a combination of two types of feeder link switching: base station switching and gateway switching. In feeder link switching caused by gateway switching, the original gateway transmits the received uplink information to the target gateway. The target gateway then determines the fourth base station 114 and the table information/single path information, and sends it to the fourth base station 114. The processes from user equipment 120 to the original gateway and from the target gateway to user equipment 120 are reusable for feeder link switching caused by base station switching.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication device 700 provided in an embodiment of this application. The wireless communication device 700 can be a base station or a network-side device. The wireless communication device 700 shown in Figure 5 includes a processor 710, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

Optionally, as shown in FIG5, the wireless communication device 700 may further include a memory 720. The processor 710 can retrieve and run computer programs from the memory 720 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application. The memory 720 may be a separate device independent of the processor 710, or it may be integrated into the processor 710.

Optionally, as shown in Figure 5, the wireless communication device 700 may further include a transceiver 730. The processor 710 can control the transceiver 730 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it can send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 730 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 730 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

Optionally, the wireless communication device 700 may specifically be a base station in the embodiments of this application, and the wireless communication device 700 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the base station in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

Optionally, the wireless communication device 700 may specifically be the network-side device 130 in the embodiments of this application, and the wireless communication device 700 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network-side device 130 in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application. The chip 800 shown in Figure 6 includes a processor 810, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

Optionally, as shown in FIG6, chip 800 may further include memory 820. Processor 810 can call and run computer programs from memory 820 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application. Memory 820 may be a separate device independent of processor 810, or it may be integrated into processor 810.

Optionally, the chip 800 may also include an input interface 830. The processor 910 can control the input interface 830 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can acquire information or data sent by other devices or chips.

Optionally, the chip 800 may also include an output interface 840. The processor 810 can control the output interface 840 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output information or data to other devices or chips.

Optionally, the chip 800 can be applied to the wireless communication system 100 in the embodiments of this application, and the chip 800 can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the wireless communication system 100 in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

Optionally, the chip 800 can be applied to the wireless communication device 700 in the embodiments of this application, and the chip 800 can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the wireless communication device 700 in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

Optionally, the chip 800 can be applied to the base station in the embodiments of this application, and the chip 800 can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the base station in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

Optionally, the chip 800 can be applied to the network-side device 130 in the embodiments of this application, and the chip 800 can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network-side device 130 in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication system 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, this wireless communication system... System 100 includes user equipment 120, base station 110 (e.g., including first base station 111, second base station 112, third base station 113, and/or fourth base station 114), and network-side equipment 130. The user equipment 120 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the user equipment 120 in the above method, and the network equipment 110 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the network equipment 110 in the above method. For simplicity, these will not be elaborated further here.

It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by software instructions.

It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory. Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program.

Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the user equipment in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here.

This application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.

Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here. Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the user equipment in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here.

This application also provides a computer program.

Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, these will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the user equipment in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, these will not be described in detail here.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims (124)

A wireless communication method, performed in a wireless communication system, includes: User equipment (UE) sends uplink information to a first base station, wherein the first base station is the base station that receives the uplink information from the UE; The first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side equipment; The network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is the second base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the second base station; The second base station sends the downlink information to the UE. According to the wireless communication method of claim 1, the network-side device notifies the second base station that the base station receiving the uplink information from the UE is the first base station. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, wherein the wireless communication method further includes: The second base station sends a UE context request message to the first base station to request the UE context; The first base station retrieves the UE context response message from the second base station to notify the UE context. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a UE context request message to the first base station to request the UE context; The first base station retrieves the UE context response message from the network-side device to notify the UE context; The network-side device sends the UE context to the second base station. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first base station sends the UE context to the network-side device; The network-side device sends the UE context to the second base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 3 or 4, the UE context request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, short integrity protection check code MAC-I, new evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) cell identifier ID, new evolved NodeB eNB UE X2 interface application protocol X2AP ID, cell radio network temporary identifier C-RNTI, and recovery ID. The wireless communication method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the message type, the short MAC-I, and/or the E-UTRAN cell ID is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the new eNB UE X2AP ID, the C-RNTI, and/or the recovery ID is UE-specific information. According to claim 3 or 4, the wireless communication method wherein the UE context response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, globally unique mobility management entity identifier (GUMMEI), old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 9, wherein the message type and/or the GUMMEI are public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 9, wherein the old eNB UE X2AP ID and the new eNB UE X2AP... The ID and/or at least one of the UE context information are UE-specific information. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, wherein the wireless communication method further includes: The second base station sends a link switching request message to the first base station to request a link switching; The first base station retrieves the link handover response message from the second base station to notify the link handover. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a link switching request message to the first base station to request a link switching; The first base station replies to the network-side device with a link handover response message to notify the link handover; The network-side device sends the link switch to the second base station. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first base station sends a link switch to the network-side equipment; The network-side device sends the link switch to the second base station. The wireless communication method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the link handover request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, reason, target cell ID, GUMMEI, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 15, wherein at least one of the message type, the reason, the target cell ID, and/or the GUMMEI is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 15, wherein the UE context information is UE-specific information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 12 or 13, the link handover response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, information confirmation, old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and Evolved Radio Access Bearer (ERAB) admission list. The wireless communication method according to claim 18, wherein the message type and/or the information confirmation are public information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 18, wherein at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the ERAB admission list is UE-specific information. A wireless communication method, performed in a wireless communication system, includes: User equipment (UE) sends uplink information to a first base station, wherein the first base station is the base station that receives the uplink information from the UE; The first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device, wherein the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the third base station is the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device; The network-side device determines that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is the fourth base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the fourth base station; The fourth base station sends the downlink information to the UE, wherein the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path, and the second base station is the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the third base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station directly sends the above information to the network-side device. According to the line information, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, while the second base station and the third base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the third base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the third base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the third base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the third base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the third base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 21, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the third base station are two different base stations. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a first table and/or a second table to the serving base station. The first table includes the stored and forwarded SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station, and the relay base station ID included in the uplink path. The second table includes the SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station, and the relay base station ID included in the downlink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends an uplink path corresponding to an SF area to the serving base station, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station, and the relay base station ID included in the uplink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a downlink path corresponding to an SF area to the serving base station, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station, and the relay base station ID included in the downlink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 21, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The third base station sends the uplink information to the first gateway of the network-side device, and the first gateway forwards it to the target gateway through zero or one or more intermediate gateways. The target gateway then sends the downlink information to the fourth base station. According to claim 33, the wireless communication method wherein the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station. According to claim 33, the wireless communication method wherein the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations. A wireless communication method, performed at a base station, includes: The first base station receives uplink information from the user equipment (UE); The first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side equipment; The first base station receives a UE context request message sent by the second base station to request the UE context; The first base station retrieves the UE context response message from the second base station to notify the UE context. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first base station receives the UE context request message sent by the network-side device to request the UE context; The first base station retrieves the UE context response message from the network-side device to notify the UE context. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first base station sends the UE context to the network-side device; The first base station receives the UE context sent by the network-side device. According to the wireless communication method of claim 36, the UE context request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, short integrity protection check code MAC-I, new evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) cell identifier ID, new evolved NodeB eNB UE X2 interface application protocol X2AP ID, cell radio network temporary identifier C-RNTI, and recovery ID. The wireless communication method according to claim 39, wherein at least one of the message type, the short MAC-I, and/or the E-UTRAN cell ID is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 39, wherein at least one of the new eNB UE X2AP ID, the C-RNTI, and/or the recovery ID is UE-specific information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 39, the UE context response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, globally unique mobility management entity identifier (GUMMEI), old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 42, wherein the message type and/or the GUMMEI are public information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 42, at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the UE context information is UE-specific information. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first base station receives a link switching request message sent by the second base station, the link switching request message being used to request a link switching; The first base station replies to the second base station with a link handover response message to notify of the link handover. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first base station receives a link switching request message sent by the network-side device, the link switching request message being used to request link switching; The first base station replies to the network-side device with a link switching response message to notify the link switching. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first base station sends a link switching message to the network-side equipment. The wireless communication method according to claim 45 or 46, wherein the link handover request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, reason, target cell ID, GUMMEI, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein at least one of the message type, the reason, the target cell ID, and/or the GUMMEI is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein the UE context information is UE-specific information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 45 or 46, the link handover response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, information confirmation, old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and Evolved Radio Access Bearer (ERAB) admission list. The wireless communication method according to claim 51, wherein the message type and/or the information confirmation are public information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 51, wherein at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the ERAB admission list is UE-specific information. A wireless communication method, performed at a base station, includes: The first base station receives uplink information from the user equipment (UE); The first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device. The transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the third base station is the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device. The transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path, and the second base station is the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE. The fourth base station is the base station that receives downlink information from the network-side device. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station directly sends the uplink information to the network-side device, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station sends the data to the network-side device through a node. According to the uplink information, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, while the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 54, the first base station sends the uplink information to the network-side device through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: When the first base station is a serving base station, the first base station receives a first table and/or a second table sent by the network-side device. The first table includes the stored and forwarded SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station, and the relay base station ID contained in the uplink path. The second table includes the SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station, and the relay base station ID contained in the downlink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: When the first base station is a serving base station, the first base station receives an uplink path corresponding to an SF area sent by the network-side device, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station, and the relay base station ID included in the uplink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: When the first base station is a serving base station, the first base station receives a downlink path corresponding to an SF area sent by the network-side device, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station, and the relay base station ID included in the downlink path. A wireless communication method, performed at a base station, includes: The second base station receives downlink information sent by the network-side device, wherein the base station that receives uplink information from the user equipment (UE) is the first base station. The second base station sends the downlink information to the UE. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The second base station sends a UE context request message to the first base station to request the UE context; The second base station receives the UE context response message retrieved by the first base station, and the UE context response message is used to notify the UE context. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The second base station receives the UE context sent by the network-side device. According to the wireless communication method of claim 67, the UE context request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, short integrity protection check code MAC-I, new evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) cell identifier ID, new evolved NodeB eNB UE X2 interface application protocol X2AP ID, cell radio network temporary identifier C-RNTI, and recovery ID. The wireless communication method according to claim 69, wherein at least one of the message type, the short MAC-I, and/or the E-UTRAN cell ID is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 69, wherein at least one of the new eNB UE X2AP ID, the C-RNTI, and/or the recovery ID is UE-specific information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 67, the UE context response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, globally unique mobility management entity identifier (GUMMEI), old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 72, wherein the message type and/or the GUMMEI are public information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 72, at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the UE context information is UE-specific information. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The second base station sends a link switching request message to the first base station to request a link switching; The second base station receives a link handover response message from the first base station, which is used to notify the link handover. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The second base station receives the link switching notification sent by the network-side device. According to the wireless communication method of claim 75, the link handover request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, reason, target cell ID, GUMMEI, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 77, wherein at least one of the message type, the reason, the target cell ID, and/or the GUMMEI is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 77, wherein the UE context information is UE-specific information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 75, the link handover response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, information confirmation, old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and Evolved Radio Access Bearer (ERAB) admission list. The wireless communication method according to claim 80, wherein the message type and/or the information confirmation are public information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 80, wherein at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the ERAB admission list is UE-specific information. A wireless communication method, performed at a base station, includes: The fourth base station receives downlink information from network-side equipment; The fourth base station sends the downlink information to the user equipment (UE). The first base station is the base station that receives uplink information from the UE, the second base station is the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE, and the third base station is the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side equipment. The transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path. According to the wireless communication method of claim 83, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 83, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station. The second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 83, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 83, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. A wireless communication method, performed on a network-side device, includes: The network-side device receives uplink information sent by the first base station, wherein the first base station refers to the base station that receives the uplink information from the user equipment (UE). The network-side device determines that the base station sending downlink information to the UE is the second base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the second base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 88, the network-side device notifies the second base station that the base station receiving the uplink information from the UE is the first base station. The wireless communication method according to claim 88, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a UE context request message to the first base station to request the UE context; The network-side device receives the UE context retrieval response message from the first base station to notify the UE context; The network-side device sends the UE context to the second base station. The wireless communication method according to claim 88, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device receives the UE context sent by the first base station; The network-side device sends the UE context to the second base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 90, the UE context request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, short integrity protection check code MAC-I, new evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) cell identifier ID, new evolved NodeB eNB UE X2 interface application protocol X2AP ID, cell radio network temporary identifier C-RNTI, and recovery ID. The wireless communication method according to claim 92, wherein at least one of the message type, the short MAC-I, and/or the E-UTRAN cell ID is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 92, wherein at least one of the new eNB UE X2AP ID, the C-RNTI, and/or the recovery ID is UE-specific information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 90, the UE context response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, globally unique mobility management entity identifier (GUMMEI), old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 95, wherein the message type and/or the GUMMEI are public information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 95, at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the UE context information is UE-specific information. The wireless communication method according to claim 88, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a link switching request message to the first base station to request a link switching; The network-side device receives the link handover response message from the first base station to notify the link handover. The network-side device sends the link switch to the second base station. The wireless communication method according to claim 88, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device receives the link switching sent by the first base station; The network-side device sends the link switch to the second base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 98, the link handover request message includes one or more of the following information: message type, reason, target cell ID, GUMMEI, and UE context information. The wireless communication method according to claim 100, wherein at least one of the message type, the reason, the target cell ID, and/or the GUMMEI is public information. The wireless communication method according to claim 100, wherein the UE context information is UE-specific information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 98, the link switching response message includes one or more of the following information: message type, information confirmation, old eNB UE X2AP ID, new eNB UE X2AP ID, and Evolved Radio Access Bearer (ERAB) admission list. The wireless communication method according to claim 103, wherein the message type and/or the information confirmation are public information. According to the wireless communication method of claim 103, wherein at least one of the old eNB UE X2AP ID, the new eNB UE X2AP ID, and/or the ERAB admission list is UE-specific information. A wireless communication method, performed on a network-side device, includes: The network-side device receives uplink information sent by the first base station, wherein the first base station refers to the base station that receives the uplink information from the user equipment (UE), the transmission path from the first base station to the third base station is the uplink path, and the third base station refers to the base station that sends the uplink information to the network-side device. The network-side device determines that the base station receiving downlink information from the network-side device is the fourth base station, and the network-side device sends the downlink information to the fourth base station. The transmission path from the fourth base station to the second base station is the downlink path, and the second base station is the base station that sends the downlink information to the UE. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device directly receives the uplink information sent by the first base station, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device directly receives the uplink information sent by the first base station, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device directly receives the uplink information sent by the first base station, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device directly receives the signal transmitted by the first base station. The uplink information indicates that the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device receives the uplink information sent by the first base station through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device receives the uplink information sent by the first base station through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device receives the uplink information sent by the first base station through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 106, the network-side device receives the uplink information sent by the first base station through a node, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations, and the second base station and the fourth base station are two different base stations. The wireless communication method according to claim 106, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a first table and/or a second table to the serving base station. The first table includes the stored and forwarded SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station, and the relay base station ID included in the uplink path. The second table includes the SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station, and the relay base station ID included in the downlink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 106, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends an uplink path corresponding to an SF area to the serving base station, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the third base station, and the relay base station ID included in the uplink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 106, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The network-side device sends a downlink path corresponding to an SF area to the serving base station, including the SF area ID, the base station ID of the second base station, and the relay base station ID included in the downlink path. The wireless communication method according to claim 106, wherein the wireless communication method further comprises: The first gateway of the network-side device receives the uplink information sent by the third base station, and forwards it to the target gateway of the network-side device through zero or one or more intermediate gateways of the network-side device. The target gateway then sends the downlink information to the fourth base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 118, the fourth base station and the third base station are the same base station. According to the wireless communication method of claim 118, the fourth base station and the third base station are two different base stations. A wireless communication device includes: a processor and a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to perform the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 120. A wireless communication system includes: a processor and a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to perform wireless communication as described in any one of claims 1 to 35. Communication methods. A base station includes a processor and a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to perform the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 36 to 87. A network-side device includes: a processor and a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to perform the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 88 to 120.