WO2025226171A1 - Construction kit part and method for producing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a part of a construction kit, a construction kit and a method for producing a part of a construction kit. A part of a construction kit comprises a top face having a protuberance, a lateral surface, and a bottom face. The bottom face has a slot, said slot having a dead end and having an entrance aperture situated on the lateral surface. The technical result is that of increasing the functionality and universality of the part, obviating the need for other types of parts, providing for the highly reliable connection of parts and for a long service life, and rendering the part easier and less labour-intensive to produce.

Description

DESIGN PART AND METHOD OF ITS PRODUCTION

Field of technology

The proposed invention relates to a construction set component that can be used for playing, learning, developing fine motor skills and spatial thinking, rehabilitating patients, and constructing visual models, such as molecular structures and various designs.

Prior art

Russian Patent No. 2774226, published June 16, 2022, discloses a construction set component, essentially a cube, with projections and recesses on each face arranged such that the cube can be mated with any other similar cube via any face. The component also has a means for connecting the parts together, which includes a rotating element. The projections are designed to ensure precise alignment of the mating faces in plan view when mated, and the means for connecting the parts is comprised of a rotating disk located on each face of the component with annular projections that can move within a corresponding annular groove formed in each face of the component. Each face also has a spring-loaded projection for interaction with the disk, limiting the disk's rotation angle to prevent it from falling out of the cube.

The disadvantages of the known technical solution include the complexity and multi-stage nature of manufacturing, a short service life due to the fact that many protruding elements can break off, low functionality of the part, difficulty of assembly, and the need to use a separate key to connect the parts.

From the Russian Federation patent for utility model No. 31108, published on July 20, 2003, a construction set part is known, a cube at its base, which has one star-shaped protrusion on three adjacent faces, and a cylindrical recess on the faces opposite them, and where on all edges of the cube there are longitudinal notches, which, when four similar parts are connected in pairs, produces a through hole in the center of their alignment.

The disadvantages of the known technical solution are the complexity and multi-stage nature of manufacturing, a short service life due to the fact that many protruding elements can break off, low functionality of the part, difficulty of assembly, and also the rapid failure of the part due to the fact that with prolonged use When used, the recesses will expand and the protrusions will not hold well in them, as a result the assembled structure will fall apart.

The closest analog is the FischerTechnik Structural Block 15 (https://pacpac.ru/product/32850-konstrukcionnyj-blok-15/), which is a construction set component consisting of a top, side, and bottom surfaces. The top surface has a protrusion, and the side surfaces have vertical grooves.

The disadvantages of the known technical solution are the low functionality of the part and the complexity of assembling the structure from the parts, since the parts can only be connected at the side protrusions and it is not possible to connect the upper and lower surfaces of the parts directly, and there is also a need for additional types of parts in order to obtain the desired structures.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the present invention and the technical result are to increase the functionality and versatility of the part, eliminate the need for other types of parts, ensure high reliability of the connection of parts, ensure a long service life of the part, and reduce the complexity and labor intensity of the production of the part.

To solve the above problem and achieve a technical result, a design part is proposed, including an upper face having a projection, a side surface, a lower face, characterized in that the lower face has a groove, wherein the groove has a stop and an inlet opening located on the side surface.

In this application, a constructor is understood to mean a set of parts for construction.

In this application, a face is defined as any substantially flat surface that is free of projections from the plane that serve no practical purpose (non-functional) and are greater than 0.5 times the height of the projection. A face may also contain non-functional cavities (depressions), such as casting defects. shapes, as well as functional grooves and protrusions for engaging parts with each other, the height/depth of which is not taken into account in determining the evenness of the face surface.

In this application, a lateral surface means any surface located between the upper face and the lower face.

In this application, a groove refers to a recess. The groove of one part is designed to accommodate the projection of another similar part.

In this application, a protrusion is defined as an element rising above the surface of a face. When connecting two parts by inserting the protrusion into a groove in a similar part of the construction kit, the protrusion of one part allows for counter-rotational movement of the parts while maintaining the ability for rotational movement of the parts relative to each other.

The creation of a groove on the lower edge and a protrusion on the upper edge allows for increased functionality and versatility of the part, as it provides the ability to connect two parts by inserting the protrusion of another similar part into the groove of one part, thus forming an arbitrarily long structure, each element (part) of which can rotate around its axis.

In this way, you can make a tall tower, a snake, and so on, with each piece having its own image (letter, number, image, color), and by rotating individual pieces, you can change the image created on the long structure as a whole.

The placement of the inlet opening of the groove on the side surface allows the projection of another similar part to be pushed (advanced) into the groove through the inlet opening on the side surface, thus, the groove can be equipped with protruding parts that will prevent the projection from falling out in the retracted position, which will increase the reliability of the connection of the parts and their service life.

In this case, a protrusion can be made in the form of a cap (the wide part of the protrusion) on a stem (the narrow part of the protrusion), which can be shaped like a cylinder, prism, or other similar form. This allows one part to rotate relative to another while maintaining engagement. This increases the functionality and versatility of the part, as the part can rotate relative to another part without being disconnected, and the parts can be combined to create a structure of any length. The functionality is also enhanced by the fact that such parts can be used, for example, to study color mixing by connecting several translucent colored parts and passing light through them.

Preferably, the side surface has edges, and the projection is made in such a way that when connecting two similar parts of the construction set by inserting the projection of one part of the construction set into the groove of the other part of the construction set, said projection counteracts the movement of the parts of the construction set in opposite directions while maintaining the possibility of rotational movement of the parts of the construction set relative to the other's DRU ^G.

This allows for further enhancement of the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, functionality and versatility of the part, since the part can rotate relative to another part without being separated from it, which allows for the assembly of various structures that will be firmly held together without falling apart or deforming the parts.

Preferably, the upper face, lower face and lateral surface together form one of the following shapes: a cube, a parallelepiped, a dodecahedron, an octahedron, an icosahedron, a truncated pyramid, a prism, a cylinder, a truncated cone, a truncated sphere, a barrel shape.

The above-mentioned shapes allow for the full utilization of all the advantages of the claimed invention, further enhancing the reliability of the component connections, their service life, functionality, and versatility. The most preferred shapes are cubes, parallelepipeds, dodecahedrons, octahedrons, and prisms, as they have flat sides arranged in such a way that multiple components can be spatially connected to form arbitrarily complex and large structures. This further enhances the reliability of the component connections, their service life, functionality, and versatility.

Preferably, on at least one face of the side surface there is a groove having a stop and an inlet, wherein the inlet of said groove is located on the adjacent face or on the lower face or on the upper face, wherein on any of the faces of the side surface there is no more than one inlet of the groove located on the face of the side surface. The presence of grooves on the edges of the side surfaces allows for an additional increase in the functionality and versatility of the part, as it provides the ability to attach similar other parts to different sides of the part, thus increasing the number of possible combinations with the increase in the number of grooves on the side edges.

The increased functionality also lies in the fact that such parts can be used, for example, to build molecular structures, as well as any constructions that the imagination is capable of.

Placing no more than one entry groove hole on any of the faces of the side surface, located on the face of the side surface, allows for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of the parts, their service life, and also simplifies the manufacturing process of the part, since such grooves on all faces can be formed in one step.

Preferably, the side surface has four faces, and on each face of the side surface there is a groove having a stop and an inlet opening located on the adjacent face of the side surface, while on any of the faces of the side surface there is no more than one inlet opening of the groove located on the face of the side surface.

The presence of four grooved faces allows for the fullest use of the part's capabilities, as it allows for the connection of parts from any side, which further enhances the functionality and versatility of the part, the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, and also facilitates the manufacturing process of the part.

Preferably, at least one face of the side surface has a protrusion, while no more than one protrusion is located on any of the faces of the side surface.

Placing no more than one protrusion on any of the faces allows for further enhancement of the functionality and versatility of the part, the reliability of the connection of the parts, their service life, and also facilitates the manufacturing process of the part.

The presence of additional protrusions allows for further enhancement of the functionality and versatility of the part.

Preferably, the inlet opening of the groove is designed with the possibility of inserting into it a projection of another similar part of the constructor, wherein the groove is designed with the ability to hold the projection of another similar part of the constructor, and the stop is designed with the ability to limit the translational movement of the projection of another similar part of the constructor while maintaining the ability of its rotational movement.

The above characteristics further enhance the reliability of the connection, extend its service life, and enhance the functionality and versatility of the part, as they prevent the protrusion from falling out when retracted while maintaining the part's rotation. Thus, the two connected parts can rotate relative to each other without being separated, allowing them to be assembled into any structure at any angle.

Preferably, the stop is made in such a way that when connecting two similar parts of the constructor, the central axis of one part of the constructor is located at an angle of no more than 5°, preferably no more than 3°, more preferably no more than 2°, to the central axis of the other part of the constructor.

The central axis of a part is the longitudinal axis of the part, running along the entire part's center in the direction from one face to the opposite (opposite) face. If the part is symmetrical, then the central axis of the part is its axis of symmetry. This alignment (essentially coaxial placement) of the parts is clearly visible in Figs. 15-17.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they ensure, essentially, a coaxial placement of parts, reducing the number of protruding parts that can break off, increasing the reliability of the engagement of parts for the creation of any large structures without the risk of their destruction.

Preferably, the central axis of the groove present on the lower edge is located at a distance of no more than 10 mm, preferably no more than 3 mm, more preferably no more than 2 mm, more preferably no more than 1 mm, from the central axis of the lower edge.

The central axis of a groove is the longitudinal axis of the groove, running along the entire length of the groove and centered in the groove. If the groove is symmetrical, then the central axis of the groove is the axis of symmetry of the groove. The central axis of the bottom face is the longitudinal axis of the bottom face, running from one edge of the face to the opposite (opposite) edge of the face. If the bottom face is symmetrical, then the central axis of the bottom face is the axis of symmetry of the bottom face.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they ensure, essentially, a coaxial placement of parts, reducing the number of protruding parts that can break off, increasing the reliability of the engagement of parts for the creation of any large structures without the risk of their destruction.

Preferably, the central axis of the groove present on the edge of the side surface is located at a distance of no more than 10 mm, preferably no more than 3 mm, more preferably no more than 2 mm, more preferably no more than 1 mm, from the central axis of this edge of the side surface.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they ensure, essentially, a coaxial placement of parts, reducing the number of protruding parts that can break off, increasing the reliability of the engagement of parts for the creation of any large structures without the risk of their destruction.

Preferably, the central axis of the groove present on the edge of the side surface is located at an angle of no more than 5°, preferably no more than 3°, more preferably no more than 2° to the lower edge, more preferably the central axis of the groove present on the edge of the side surface is located substantially parallel to the lower edge.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they ensure, essentially, a coaxial placement of parts, reducing the number of protruding parts that can break off, increasing the reliability of the engagement of parts for the creation of any large structures without the risk of their destruction. Preferably, the ratio of the length L6 of the groove present on the lower edge to the width L1 of the lower edge is 0.4-0.8, preferably 0.5-0.7, more preferably 0.55-0.65, and the ratio of the depth H6 of the groove present on the lower edge to the height H1 of the edge of the side surface is 0.05-0.5, preferably 0.1-0.4.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they ensure, essentially, a coaxial placement of parts, reducing the number of protruding parts that can break off, increasing the reliability of the engagement of parts for the creation of any large structures without the risk of their destruction.

Preferably, the ratio of the length L6 of the groove present on the edge of the side surface to the width L1 of the edge of the side surface is 0.4-0.8, preferably 0.5-0.7, more preferably 0.55-0.65, and the ratio of the depth H6 of the groove present on the edge of the side surface to the height H1 of the adjacent edge of the side surface is 0.05-0.5, preferably OD-OD.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they ensure, essentially, a coaxial placement of parts, reducing the number of protruding parts that can break off, increasing the reliability of the engagement of parts for the creation of any large structures without the risk of their destruction.

Preferably, the protrusion has a narrow part and a wide part, wherein the ratio of the height of the narrow part h to the height of the protrusion H5 is 0.3-0.8, preferably 0.4-0.7, more preferably 0.45-0.55, wherein the ratio of the width W5 of the wide part of the protrusion to the width W6 of the groove is 0.6-1, preferably 0.7-1, more preferably 0.8-1.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they provide the best conditions for the engagement of parts, reducing loosening of the connection, providing favorable conditions for the creation of any large structures without the risk of their destruction. Preferably, the wide portion of the protrusion has flat surfaces designed to interact with a groove of a similar part of the construction set in such a way that when the protrusion is inserted into said groove and when rotated by a given degree, the protrusion is held in this position.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they allow for the fixation of parts at a given angle relative to each other, further expanding the possibilities for creating stable spatial structures of various shapes and reducing the wear of parts in the assembled structure.

Preferably, the narrow portion of the projection has flat surfaces designed to interact with a groove of a similar part of the construction set in such a way that when the projection is inserted into said groove and when rotated by a given degree, the projection is held in this position.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they allow for the fixation of parts at a given angle relative to each other, further expanding the possibilities for creating stable spatial structures of various shapes and reducing the wear of parts in the assembled structure.

Preferably, the part is made of a plastic material, preferably selected from the following: plastic, polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene, low-pressure polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, low-density polyethylene, high-pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyamide and other types of plastics.

The above characteristics allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they allow for the precise manufacture of the part according to specified dimensions, further expanding the possibilities for creating stable spatial structures of various shapes.

Preferably, the part is made of transparent or translucent material. The above characteristics allow for further enhancement of the functionality and versatility of the part, as they allow for the possibility of using transparency/translucency to mix colors when light passes through the assembled structure.

Also, to solve the above problem and achieve the technical result, a designer is proposed that contains at least two of the above parts.

Also, to solve the above-mentioned problem and achieve the technical result, a method for producing the above-mentioned design part is proposed, which includes the following operations: a) securing the part blank, b) forming a protrusion on the upper face, c) forming a groove on the lower face.

The above operations make it possible to simplify the process of manufacturing the part and increase the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they allow for the precise execution of the part according to the specified dimensions, expanding the possibilities for creating stable spatial structures of various shapes.

Preferably, the method further includes the operation of forming a groove on each edge of the side surface, wherein the operation of forming a groove on the bottom edge is carried out in parallel with the operation of forming grooves on the edges of the side surface.

Preferably, simultaneously with the formation of the groove on the lower edge, the formation of the groove on each edge of the side surface is carried out.

Preferably, the side surface has four faces, and the formation of a groove on each face of the side surface and on the bottom face is carried out by introducing into the workpiece a means for creating a groove from the side of each of the four faces of the side surface.

The above operations make it possible to further simplify the process of manufacturing the part and increase the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since they allow in one step to simultaneously make a part according to any of the options, including the best option (fifth), which is the most difficult from the point of view of manufacturing, since it is necessary to make five grooves at the same time on different sides of the part: four on the sides and one at the bottom (lower The groove is made by feeding the means for creating the groove from one of the side faces, because the entrance of the lower groove is on the side face), and also allows for the precise execution of the part according to the specified dimensions, expanding the possibilities for creating stable spatial structures of various shapes.

Preferably, one groove creating tool is used to create a groove on the bottom edge and one of the edges of the side surface.

This allows for an additional simplification of the manufacturing process of the part and an increase in the reliability of the connection of the parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since it allows for the creation of a part in one step using any of the options, including the best option (fifth), with fewer tools, and also allows for the precise execution of the part according to the specified dimensions, expanding the possibilities for creating stable spatial structures of various shapes.

Preferably, during the protrusion forming operation, a narrow portion and a wide portion of the protrusion are formed, wherein flat surfaces located at a given angle are formed on the narrow portion of the protrusion.

Preferably, during the protrusion forming operation, a narrow portion and a wide portion of the protrusion are formed, wherein flat surfaces located at a given angle are formed on the wide portion of the protrusion.

The above operations allow for an additional increase in the reliability of the connection of parts, their service life, as well as the functionality and versatility of the part, since flat surfaces located at a given angle on the wide and/or narrow part of the projection allow for the fixation of parts at a given angle relative to each other, further expanding the possibilities for creating stable spatial structures of various shapes and reducing the wear of parts in the assembled structure.

Brief description of the drawings

The drawings are presented for a better understanding of the invention, however, it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the disclosed invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in them.

Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the first embodiment from the first angle. Fig. 2 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the first embodiment from a second angle.

Fig. 3 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the first embodiment from a third angle.

Fig. 4 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the second embodiment.

Fig. 5 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with a third embodiment.

Fig. 6 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with a fourth embodiment.

Fig. 7 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the fifth (best) embodiment.

Fig. 8 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the sixth embodiment.

Fig. 9 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 10 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the eighth embodiment.

Fig. 11 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the ninth embodiment.

Fig. 12 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the tenth embodiment.

Fig. 13 shows a three-dimensional view of the claimed part in accordance with the eleventh embodiment.

Fig. 14 shows a three-dimensional view of two claimed parts in accordance with the fifth (best) embodiment during the process of their connection.

Fig. 15 shows a three-dimensional view of the two claimed parts in accordance with the fifth (best) embodiment after they are connected.

Fig. 16 shows a top view of the two claimed parts in accordance with the fifth (best) embodiment after they are connected.

Fig. 17 shows the image from Fig. 16 in section along line 1-1.

Fig. 18 shows an enlarged local view A of the connection point of the two claimed parts from Fig. 17. Fig. 19 shows the image from Fig. 16 in section along line 2-2.

Fig. 20 shows an enlarged local view B of the junction of the two claimed parts from Fig. 17.

Fig. 21 shows the image from Fig. 16 in section along line 3-3.

Fig. 22-25 shows a schematic representation of the process of creating grooves on the edges of the side surfaces of a design part according to the present invention.

Embodiments of the invention and the best mode for carrying out the invention

The described embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that other embodiments are possible without changing the essence of the invention.

Fig. 1-21 shows different embodiments of the part 1, 101, 102 of the designer, which has an upper face 2, a lower face 4 and a side surface having faces 3a, 3b, 3c. 3d of the side surface (hereinafter also referred to as faces).

On the upper edge 2 there is a projection 5, which has a narrow part 52 (a leg, a narrowing) and a wide part 53 (a cap, a thickening), and the wide part has a protruding part 51, which protrudes in relation to the narrow part 52.

The projection 5 has a height of H5, the narrow part 52 has a height of h and a width of a, the wide part 53 has a width of W5.

The narrow section 52 has a polygonal shape, allowing the part to be held when rotating at predetermined angles N1, N2, and N3. For example, the part can be held when rotating at N1=45°, N2=60°, and N3=75°. Upon reaching a predetermined angle, say, 45°, further rotation would trigger a click, indicating that the rotation angle has exceeded the predetermined value. This is shown in detail in Figs. 19-21.

On the lower edge 4 there is a groove 6, having an inlet opening on the edge 3c of the side surface, a protruding part 61 and a stop 62.

Groove 6 has a depth (height) of H6, a width of W6, and a length of L6.

The upper face 2, the lower face 4 and the faces 3a, 3b, 3c. 3d of the lateral surface have a height H1 and a width L1, which are equal to each other.

The projection 5 is located essentially in the center of the upper face 2, and the groove 6 is located essentially along the central axis of the lower face 4.

The groove 6 is made in such a way that the projection 5 of another similar part can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3c until it stops 62, while the protruding part 61 holds the projection 5 from falling out of the groove 6 by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5.

Edges 7, representing the places of connection of faces 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d with each other or the upper face 2 and faces 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, or the lower face 4 and faces 3a, 3b, Зс, 3d, have a smooth, even, non-cutting surface, which allows you to avoid cuts when working with the constructor.

Identical reference numbers in the drawings denote structurally identical parts of the part 1, 101, 102, therefore, unless otherwise specifically stated, all statements previously made in relation to other parts of the part with a similar reference number apply to them.

Despite the fact that in the drawings the part 1, 101, 102 of the constructor has the shape of a cube, it can have any shape, the main thing is that it has an upper face 2, on which a protrusion 5 can be made, and a lower face 4, on which a groove 6 can be made, for example, the part of the constructor can have the shape of a parallelepiped, a dodecahedron, an octahedron, an icosahedron, a truncated pyramid, a prism, a cylinder, a truncated cone, a truncated sphere, a barrel shape (the shape of a barrel), and so on.

The cubic shape of the part 1, 101, 102 of the constructor is the most preferable, since it allows making the part the most universal.

The shape of the protrusion 5 can have any shape, it is preferable that it have a narrow part 52 (leg, narrowing) and a wide part 53, for example, the protrusion can have the shape of a mushroom, a truncated cone, a truncated pyramid, a prism, a ball, a truncated ball, and so on.

In the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1-3, part 1 of the constructor has one protrusion 5 and one groove 6.

The projection 5 is located essentially in the center of the upper edge 2.

The groove 6 is located essentially along the central axis of the lower edge 4 and is made in such a way that the projection 5 of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3c up to the stop 62 in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part 61 of the groove 6 is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 from falling out of the groove 6 by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5.

Thus, when the groove 6 of part 1 and the projection 5 of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the projection 5 out of the groove 6, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult. In the second embodiment shown in Fig. 4, part 1 of the constructor has one projection 5 and two grooves: groove 6 and groove 6Ь, located on face ЗЬ and having a stop 62Ь.

Groove 6Ь has a shape similar to the shape of groove 6, while the inlet opening of groove 6Ь is located on the same face Зс on which the inlet opening of groove 6 is located.

The groove 6Ь is located essentially along the central axis of the face ЗЬ and essentially parallel to the lower face 4.

The groove 6Ь is made in such a way that the projection 5 of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge Зс up to the stop 62Ь in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6Ь is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 from falling out of the groove 6Ь by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5.

Thus, when the groove 6Ь of part 1 and the projection 5 of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the projection 5 out of the groove 6Ь, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the third embodiment shown in Fig. 5, part 1 of the constructor has one projection 5 and three grooves: groove 6, groove 6б and groove 6d, located on edge 3d and having a stop 62d.

The groove 6d has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, and the inlet opening of the groove 6d is located on the face 3a, which is located on the opposite side from the face 3c, on which the inlet opening of the groove 6 is located.

The groove 6d is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3d and essentially parallel to the lower face 4.

The groove 6d is made in such a way that the projection 5 of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge Za up to the stop 62d in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6d is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 from falling out of the groove 6d by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5.

Thus, when the groove 6d of part 1 and the projection 5 of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the projection 5 out of the groove 6d, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult. In the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the part 1 of the constructor has one projection 5 and four grooves: groove 6, groove 6b, groove 6d and groove 6a, located on the face 3a and having a stop 62a.

The groove 6a has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, wherein the inlet opening of the groove 6a is located on the face ЗЬ, which is located on the opposite side from the face Зс, on which the inlet opening of the groove 6 is located.

The groove 6a is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3a and essentially parallel to the lower face 4.

The groove 6a is made in such a way that the projection 5 of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3b up to the stop 62a in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6a is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 from falling out of the groove 6a by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5.

Thus, when the groove 6a of part 1 and the projection 5 of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the projection 5 out of the groove 6a, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the fifth (best) embodiment shown in Fig. 7, 14-20, part 1 of the constructor has one projection 5 and five grooves: groove 6, groove 6b, groove 6d, groove 6a and groove 6c, located on edge 3c and having a stop 62c.

The groove 6c has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, while the inlet opening of the groove 6c is located on the edge 3d of the side surface.

Thus, the inlet opening of each of the grooves located on the side surface is located on the adjacent face, while on each face there is only one inlet opening of the groove located on the face of the side surface.

The groove 6c is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3c and essentially parallel to the lower face 4.

The groove 6c is made in such a way that the projection 5 of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3d up to the stop 62c in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6c is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 from falling out of the groove 6c by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5. Thus, when the groove 6c of part 1 and the projection 5 of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the projection 5 out of the groove 6c, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the sixth embodiment, shown in Fig. 8, part 1 of the constructor has two projections: 5 and 5c, and one groove 6.

The projection 5 is located essentially in the center of the upper edge 2.

The projection 5c is located essentially in the center of the face Zc.

The groove 6 is located essentially along the central axis of the lower edge 4 and is made in such a way that any of the projections 5 or 5c of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3c up to the stop 62 in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part 61 of the groove 6 is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 or 5c from falling out of the groove 6 by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5.

Thus, when groove 6 of part 1 and projection 5 or 5c of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding projection 5 or 5c out of groove 6, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the seventh embodiment shown in Fig. 9, part 1 of the constructor has two projections: 5 and 5d, and three grooves: groove 6, groove 6ci and groove 6ai.

The groove 6ai is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3a and has a stop 62ai, the groove 6ci is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3c and has a stop 62ci.

The groove 6ai has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, wherein the inlet opening of the groove 6ai is located on the lower edge 4, and the groove 6ci has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, wherein the inlet opening of the groove 6ci is located on the upper edge 2.

The groove 6ai is made in such a way that the projection 5 or 5d of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the lower edge 4 up to the stop 62ai in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The groove 6ci is made in such a way that the projection 5 or 5d of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the lower edge 4 up to the stop 62ci in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially. The protruding part of the groove 6ai is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 or 5d from falling out of the groove 6ai by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5 or 5d.

The protruding part of the groove 6ci is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 or 5d from falling out of the groove 6ci by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection 5 or 5d.

Thus, when groove 6ci or groove 6ci of part 1 and protrusion 5 or 5d of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the corresponding protrusion out of the corresponding groove, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the eighth embodiment shown in Fig. 10, part 1 of the constructor has two projections: 5 and 5c, and three grooves: groove 6, groove 6a and groove 6d.

The groove 6a has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, wherein the inlet opening of the groove 6a is located on the face ЗЬ, which is located on the opposite side from the face Зс, on which the inlet opening of the groove 6 is located.

The groove 6a is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3a and essentially parallel to the lower face 4.

The groove 6a is made in such a way that the projection 5 or 5c of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3b up to the stop 62a in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6a is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 or 5c from falling out of the groove 6a by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection.

Thus, when the groove 6a of part 1 and the projection 5 or 5c of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the corresponding projection out of the corresponding groove, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

The groove 6d has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, and the inlet opening of the groove 6d is located on the face 3a, which is located on the opposite side from the face 3c, on which the inlet opening of the groove 6 is located.

The groove 6d is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3d and essentially parallel to the lower face 4. The groove 6d is made in such a way that the projection 5 or 5c of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the entry hole on the edge Za up to the stop 62d in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6d is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 or 5c from falling out of the groove 6d by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection.

Thus, when the groove 6d of part 1 and the projection 5 or 5c of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the corresponding projection out of the corresponding groove, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the ninth embodiment shown in Fig. 11, part 1 of the constructor has three projections: 5, 5c and 5d, and three grooves: groove 6, groove 6a and groove 6b.

The groove 6a has a shape similar to the shape of the groove 6, wherein the inlet opening of the groove 6a is located on the face ЗЬ, which is located on the opposite side from the face Зс, on which the inlet opening of the groove 6 is located.

The groove 6a is located essentially along the central axis of the face 3a and essentially parallel to the lower face 4.

The groove 6a is made in such a way that the projection 5, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3b up to the stop 62a in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6a is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5 from falling out of the groove 6a by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection.

Thus, when the groove 6a of part 1 and the projection 5, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the corresponding projection out of the corresponding groove, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

Groove 6Ь has a shape similar to the shape of groove 6, while the inlet opening of groove 6Ь is located on the same face Зс on which the inlet opening of groove 6 is located.

The groove 6Ь is located essentially along the central axis of the face ЗЬ and essentially parallel to the lower face 4. The groove 6Ь is made in such a way that the projection 5, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge Зс up to the stop 62Ь in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6Ь is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5, 5c or 5d from falling out of the groove 6Ь by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection.

Thus, when the groove 6b of part 1 and the projection 5, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the corresponding projection out of the corresponding groove, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the tenth embodiment shown in Fig. 12, part 1 of the constructor has four projections: 5, 5a, 5c and 5d, and two grooves: groove 6 and groove 6b.

Groove 6Ь has a shape similar to the shape of groove 6, while the inlet opening of groove 6Ь is located on the same face Зс on which the inlet opening of groove 6 is located.

The groove 6Ь is located essentially along the central axis of the face ЗЬ and essentially parallel to the lower face 4.

The groove 6Ь is made in such a way that the projection 5, 5a, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge Зс up to the stop 62Ь in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially.

The protruding part of the groove 6Ь is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5, 5a, 5c or 5d from falling out of the groove 6Ь by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection.

Thus, when the groove 6b of part 1 and the projection 5, 5a, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the corresponding projection out of the corresponding groove, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

In the eleventh embodiment shown in Fig. 13, part 1 of the constructor has five projections: 5, 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d, and one groove 6.

The groove 6 is made in such a way that the projection 5, 5a, 5b, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 can be pushed into the groove through the inlet opening on the edge 3c up to the stop 62 in such a way that both connected parts 1 are located essentially coaxially. The protruding part of the groove 6 is designed with the ability to hold the projection 5, 5a, 5b, 5c or 5d from falling out of the groove 6 by engaging with the protruding part 51 of the projection.

Thus, when the groove 6 of part 1 and the projection 5, 5a, 5b, 5c or 5d of another similar part 1 are engaged, each of the parts can rotate around its axis or can be disconnected from the other part by sliding the corresponding projection out of the corresponding groove, but the movement of the parts in other directions without applying significant force is difficult.

The above options can be used together in any possible combination. Any structure can be assembled using either identical parts from any of the options or different parts from any of the options.

The constructor according to the present invention can be either a set of identical parts according to any of the variants, or a set of different parts according to any of the variants.

The declared design part is manufactured in the following way.

In any embodiment, all protrusions and grooves in one part can be manufactured in one step.

They take a blank made of plastic material, that is, an artificial or natural material that changes shape when heated and then retains it, for example, it can be plastic, polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene, low-pressure polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, low-density polyethylene, high-pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyamide and other types of plastics.

Fig. 22-25 shows the process of manufacturing a design component according to the present invention.

The blank of part 1 is secured, a mold is brought in to form a protrusion 5 (not shown) on the upper face, and at the same time, a means for creating a groove - a punch - is brought in from the side of the face of the side surface to form a groove on the lower face 4, and to form grooves on the side surfaces, four means for creating a groove are used, supplied from four sides of the faces of the side surface - a punch 21, a gate 22, a matrix 23 and a gate 24. In this case, the means for creating a groove on the lower surface and the means for creating a groove on one of the faces of the side surface can be the same means, for example, punch 21 (see Fig. 24, 25).

All the supplied means for creating a groove do not interfere with each other and have unimpeded access to part 1 due to the fact that on each face of the side surface there is only one input hole for the groove located on the side surface, while on one of the faces there is an input hole for the groove on the lower face.

Thus, on each of the three faces of the side surface, one inlet opening is formed for the groove located on the side surface (the inlet opening of each groove is located on the adjacent side face), and on the fourth face of the side surface, two inlet openings are formed: for the groove of the lower face and for the groove of the adjacent face of the side surface.

That is, to create a groove on the bottom edge and one of the edges of the side surface, one tool for creating a groove (punch 21) is used.

Thus, in one step, a part can be made in parallel using any of the options, including the best option (fifth), which is the most difficult from a manufacturing point of view, since five grooves need to be made simultaneously on different sides of the part: four on the sides and one on the bottom.

In the prior art, this problem has not been solved, which indicates that the claimed manufacturing method, as well as the part itself, are not obvious.

Also, during the operation of forming the protrusion, a narrow part and a wide part of the protrusion are formed, and on the narrow part and/or wide part of the protrusion, flat surfaces are formed, located at a given angle.

The above mentioned design detail provided:

• increasing the functionality and versatility of the part,

• eliminating the need for other types of parts,

• long service life of the part,

• reduction in the complexity and labor intensity of part production.

Claims

Invention formula 1. A construction kit part comprising an upper face having a projection, a side surface, and a lower face, characterized in that the lower face has a groove, wherein the groove has a stop and an inlet opening located on the side surface. 2. The part according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the side surface has edges, and the projection is made in such a way that when connecting two similar parts of the construction set by inserting the projection of one part of the construction set into the groove of the other part of the construction set, said projection counteracts the movement of the parts of the construction set in opposite directions while maintaining the possibility of rotational movement of the parts of the construction set relative to each other. 3. The part according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper face, lower face and side surface together form one of the following shapes: a cube, a parallelepiped, a dodecahedron, an octahedron, an icosahedron, a truncated pyramid, a prism, a cylinder, a truncated cone, a truncated sphere, a barrel-shaped form. 4. The part according to claim 2, characterized in that on at least one face of the side surface there is a groove having a stop and an inlet opening, wherein the inlet opening of said groove is located on the adjacent face or on the lower face, or on the upper face, wherein on any of the faces of the side surface there is no more than one inlet opening of the groove located on the face of the side surface. 5. The part according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the side surface has four faces, and on each face of the side surface there is a groove having a stop and an inlet opening located on the adjacent face of the side surface, while on any of the faces of the side surface there is no more than one inlet opening of the groove located on the face of the side surface. 6. The part according to item 2, characterized in that at least one face of the side surface has a protrusion, while no more than one protrusion is located on any of the faces of the side surface. 7. A part according to any of paragraphs 1-6, characterized in that the input opening of the groove is made with the possibility of inserting into it a projection of another similar part of the construction set, wherein the groove is made with the possibility of holding the projection of another similar part of the construction set, and the stop is made with the possibility of limiting the translational movement of the projection of another similar part of the construction set while maintaining the possibility of its rotational movement. 8. The part according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the stop is made in such a way that when connecting two similar parts of the construction set, the central axis of one part of the construction set is located at an angle of no more than 5°, preferably no more than 3°, more preferably no more than 2°, to the central axis of the other part of the construction set. 9. The part according to claim 1, characterized in that the central axis of the groove located on the lower edge is located at a distance of no more than 10 mm, preferably no more than 3 mm, more preferably no more than 2 mm, more preferably no more than 1 mm, from the central axis of the lower edge. 10. A part according to paragraph 4 or paragraph 5, characterized in that the central axis of the groove present on the edge of the side surface is located at a distance of no more than 10 mm, preferably no more than 3 mm, more preferably no more than 2 mm, more preferably no more than 1 mm, from the central axis of this edge of the side surface. 11. The part according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that the central axis of the groove present on the edge of the side surface is located at an angle of no more than 5°, preferably no more than 3°, more preferably no more than 2° to the lower edge, more preferably the central axis of the groove present on the edge of the side surface is located essentially parallel to the lower edge. 12. The part according to claim 7, characterized in that the ratio of the length L6 of the groove present on the lower edge to the width L1 of the lower edge is 0.4-0.8, preferably 0.5-0.7, more preferably 0.55-0.65, and the ratio of the depth H6 of the groove present on the lower edge to the height H1 of the edge of the side surface is 0.05-0.5, preferably 0.1-0.4. 13. The part according to claim 7, characterized in that the ratio of the length L6 of the groove present on the edge of the side surface to the width L1 of the edge of the side surface is 0.4-0.8, preferably 0.5-0.7, more preferably 0.55-0.65, and the ratio of the depth H6 of the groove present on the edge of the side surface to the height H1 of the adjacent edge of the side surface is 0.05-0.5, preferably 0.1-0.4. 14. The part according to claim 2, characterized in that the projection has a narrow part and a wide part, wherein the ratio of the height of the narrow part h to the height of the projection H5 is 0.3-0.8, preferably 0.4-0.7, more preferably 0.45-0.55, wherein the ratio of the width W5 of the wide part of the projection to the width W6 of the groove is 0.6-1, preferably 0.7-1, more preferably 0.8-1. 15. The part according to item 14, characterized in that the wide part of the projection has flat surfaces designed to interact with the groove of a similar part of the construction set in such a way that when the projection is inserted into the said groove and when rotated by a given degree, the projection is held in this position. 16. The part according to item 14, characterized in that the narrow part of the projection has flat surfaces designed to interact with the groove of a similar part of the construction set in such a way that when the projection is inserted into the said groove and when rotated by a given degree, the projection is held in this position. 17. The part according to claim 1, characterized in that the part is made of a plastic material, preferably selected from the following: plastic, polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene, low-pressure polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, low-density polyethylene, high-pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyamide and other types of plastics. 18. The part according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the part is made of a transparent or translucent material. 19. A constructor containing at least two parts according to any of paragraphs 1-18. 20. A method for producing a construction part according to any of paragraphs 1-18, including the following operations: a) securing the part blank, b) forming a protrusion on the upper face, c) forming a groove on the lower face. 21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the method additionally includes the operation of forming a groove on each edge of the side surface, wherein the operation of forming a groove on the bottom edge is carried out in parallel with the operation of forming grooves on the edges of the side surface. 22. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that simultaneously with the formation of a groove on the lower edge, a groove is formed on each edge of the side surface. 23. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the side surface has four faces, and the formation of a groove on each face of the side surface and on the bottom face is carried out by introducing into the workpiece a means for creating a groove from the side of each of the four faces of the side surface. 24. The method according to paragraph 23, characterized in that one means for creating a groove is used to create a groove on the bottom edge and one of the edges of the side surface. 25. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that during the operation of forming the protrusion, a narrow part and a wide part of the protrusion are formed, wherein flat surfaces located at a given angle are formed on the narrow part of the protrusion. 26. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that during the operation of forming the protrusion, a narrow part and a wide part of the protrusion are formed, and on the wide part of the protrusion, flat surfaces located at a given angle are formed.