[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2025223019A1 - 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品 - Google Patents

一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品

Info

Publication number
WO2025223019A1
WO2025223019A1 PCT/CN2025/078891 CN2025078891W WO2025223019A1 WO 2025223019 A1 WO2025223019 A1 WO 2025223019A1 CN 2025078891 W CN2025078891 W CN 2025078891W WO 2025223019 A1 WO2025223019 A1 WO 2025223019A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication device
data transmission
timing difference
information
terminal device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/078891
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王晓鲁
罗禾佳
孔垂丽
汪宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025223019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025223019A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus, storage medium, and computer program product.
  • the NR standard protocol is a wireless communication technology designed for terrestrial cellular network scenarios, providing users with ultra-low latency, ultra-reliability, ultra-high speed, and massive connectivity wireless communication services.
  • NTN non-terrestrial networks
  • NTN communication utilizes equipment such as drones, high-altitude platforms, and satellites to provide data transmission, voice communication, and other services to user equipment (UE). Improving communication performance is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed.
  • This application provides a communication method, apparatus, storage medium, and computer program product for determining the data transmission mode based on the timing difference between a first communication device and a second communication device, thereby improving communication performance.
  • this application provides a communication method that can be executed by a terminal device.
  • the terminal device may include a terminal equipment or a chip system within the terminal equipment.
  • the terminal device determines a first data transmission mode, which is associated with the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the terminal device transmits data with the first communication device and/or the second communication device based on the first data transmission mode.
  • the terminal device can improve communication performance based on the more advantageous data transmission method.
  • the terminal device can communicate with multiple communication devices.
  • the terminal device may establish a radio resource control (RRC) connection with one communication device but not with other communication devices.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the communication device that has established an RRC connection with the terminal device can be referred to as the primary communication device, and the communication devices that have not established an RRC connection with the terminal device can be referred to as secondary communication devices.
  • the primary communication device and one or more secondary communication devices can send the same or different data to the same terminal device on the same resources. This scheme can improve the performance and/or throughput of the communication system.
  • the "same resources" mentioned in this application can be replaced with the same time-domain resources, the same frequency-domain resources, or both the same time-domain resources and the same frequency-domain resources.
  • the terminal device establishes an RRC connection with the first communication device, but does not establish an RRC connection with the second communication device.
  • the first communication device can be considered as the primary communication device
  • the second communication device can be considered as the secondary communication device.
  • the primary and secondary communication devices can send data to the terminal device, either individually or jointly.
  • the primary and secondary communication devices can send data to the terminal device on the same resources, and the data sent by the primary and secondary communication devices can be the same or different.
  • This scheme can improve the performance and/or throughput of the communication system.
  • the data and resources sent by the secondary communication device to the terminal device can be notified by the primary communication device, by other devices, or determined by the secondary communication device according to preset rules.
  • the primary and secondary communication devices can also send data to the terminal device on different resources.
  • the "different resources" mentioned in this application can be replaced with different time-domain resources, different frequency-domain resources, or different time-domain resources and/or different frequency-domain resources.
  • Each data transmission method has its own characteristics.
  • the first data transmission method can be a first method, a second method, or a third method.
  • the first and second communication devices send data to the terminal device on the same resources.
  • the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with both the first and second communication devices.
  • the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with either the first or second communication device.
  • the terminal device can also establish timing synchronization with both the first and second communication devices. That is, in the second method, the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with at least one communication device, whereas in the first method, the terminal device needs to establish timing synchronization with both the first and second communication devices separately.
  • the first method also supports scenarios where the difference between the timings corresponding to the first and second communication devices is greater than a first threshold, and also supports scenarios where the difference is equal to or less than the first threshold. Because the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with either the first or second communication device in the second method, the second method does not support scenarios where the difference between the timings corresponding to the first and second communication devices is greater than the first threshold; however, the second method can support scenarios where the difference between the timings corresponding to the first and second communication devices is less than the first threshold. The second approach may or may not support scenarios where the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is equal to the first threshold.
  • the first threshold can be information that indicates a duration.
  • the first threshold is: the length of the cyclic prefix (CP), or the duration of the CP, or the duration determined based on the CP length (for example, the first threshold is a value calculated based on the CP length, such as the first threshold being the CP length plus or minus an adjustment value; or, for example, the first threshold is the product of the CP length and a preset value).
  • the data sent by the first communication device and the second communication device to the terminal device on the same resources can be the same or different. If they are different, the data transmission efficiency can be improved, thereby increasing the throughput of the communication system; if they are the same, the data transmission reliability can be improved, thereby increasing the communication throughput.
  • the first communication device and the second communication device can negotiate or be instructed by other communication devices on the data to be sent to the terminal device and the resources occupied by the data.
  • the first communication device and the second communication device when the first communication device and the second communication device transmit data based on the second method, the first communication device and the second communication device send the same data to the terminal device on the same resources, thereby improving data transmission reliability and thus increasing communication throughput.
  • the first communication device and the second communication device can negotiate, or be instructed by another communication device, on the data they send to the terminal device and the resources occupied by that data.
  • either the first or second communication device sends data to the terminal device.
  • the first and second communication devices may not jointly send data to the terminal device; they may send data independently.
  • the first and second communication devices send data to the terminal device on different resources. This third approach can support scenarios where the timing difference between the corresponding timings of the first and second communication devices is greater than, equal to, or less than a first threshold.
  • the data transmission method is related to the timing difference between the first and second communication devices. Consequently, the terminal device can improve communication performance based on a better data transmission method.
  • the first data transmission mode is the first mode, thereby improving the throughput of the communication system.
  • the first data transmission mode can also be the third mode.
  • the first data transmission mode is the second mode, thereby improving the throughput of the communication system.
  • the first data transmission mode is the third mode.
  • the first data transmission mode is a first mode, a second mode, or a third mode. This improves the flexibility of the solution.
  • the terminal device switches from a second data transmission mode to a first data transmission mode.
  • the second data transmission mode differs from the first data transmission mode; it is one of the first, second, or third modes that differs from the first data transmission mode.
  • the terminal device can switch data transmission modes based on the timing difference between the first and second communication devices. Compared to a solution where the terminal device always uses a single data transmission mode, the solution provided in this application allows the terminal device to adopt a more appropriate data transmission mode under different circumstances, thereby improving communication performance.
  • the terminal device there are multiple schemes for the terminal device to determine the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device can determine the first data transmission mode and indicate it to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can determine the first data transmission mode. The two schemes are described below.
  • the first communication device can determine the first data transmission method and instruct the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives information from another communication device (e.g., the first communication device) indicating a first data transmission mode.
  • the terminal device determines the first data transmission mode based on the information indicating the first data transmission mode. Since the first communication device can indicate the first data transmission mode to the terminal device, this scheme can reduce the complexity of the scheme on the terminal device side and save power consumption on the terminal device side.
  • the terminal device acquires first information used to determine the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device. The terminal device then sends the first information to the first communication device. In this way, the first communication device can determine a more accurate first data transmission method based on the first information.
  • the first information includes information indicating a first timing difference, where the first timing difference is the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the first information includes information indicating the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices.
  • the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices can be expressed as a first formula.
  • Information indicating the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices includes coefficient values in the first formula.
  • the terminal device sends first information to the first communication device when the absolute value of the difference between the first timing difference and the second timing difference is greater than or equal to a second threshold.
  • the first timing difference is the difference between the timings of the first and second communication devices at a first moment
  • the second timing difference is the difference between the timings of the first and second communication devices at a second moment, where the first moment is later than the second moment.
  • the second timing difference can be the timing difference between the first and second communication devices previously acquired by the terminal device (e.g., the second timing difference), or it can be the timing difference of the terminal device's last report (e.g., to the first communication device).
  • the terminal device sends first information to the first communication device when the first timing difference is less than a third threshold. In yet another possible implementation, the terminal device sends first information to the first communication device when the first timing difference is greater than a fourth threshold. This reduces the number of timing differences between the first and second communication devices that the terminal device sends, thereby saving resource overhead.
  • the terminal device can determine the first data transmission method.
  • the terminal device acquires second information.
  • the terminal device determines a first data transmission mode based on the second information.
  • the second information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the correlation between the data transmission mode and the timing difference between the first and second communication devices; information indicating the correlation between the data transmission mode and a time period; and information indicating the correlation between the timing difference between the first and second communication devices and time.
  • the correlation between the data transmission mode and the time period includes the time period associated with the first data transmission mode. Since the terminal device can determine the first data transmission mode based on the second information, this scheme can reduce the complexity of the scheme on the first communication device side and reduce the workload on the first communication device side.
  • the terminal device acquires a first timing difference and, based on the correlation between the data transmission method and the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device, determines the data transmission method associated with the first timing difference as the first data transmission method.
  • the first timing difference is the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the terminal device acquires time information and, based on the correlation between the data transmission method and the time period, determines the data transmission method associated with the time period indicated by the time information as the first data transmission method.
  • the terminal device acquires time information and, based on the correlation between the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device and time, determines the data transmission method corresponding to the timing difference associated with the time indicated by the time information as the first data transmission method.
  • the terminal device can determine the first data transmission method based on the first timing difference or time information.
  • the terminal device sends information to the first communication device indicating a first data transmission mode. In this way, the terminal device can notify the first communication device of its determined first data transmission mode, so that the first communication device and the terminal device use the same data transmission mode.
  • the terminal device receives response information from the first communication device indicating a first data transmission method.
  • This response information indicates permission for the terminal device to use the first data transmission method for data transmission.
  • the first communication device can determine whether to allow the terminal device to use the first data transmission method.
  • the first communication device can also evaluate the terminal device's decision, thereby improving the correctness and rationality of the decision.
  • the second information may be pre-configured on the terminal device side, defined by a protocol, or sent by other communication devices.
  • the terminal device receives the second information. This increases the flexibility of the solution.
  • the terminal device determines the first timing difference based on signals received from the first communication device and signals received from the second communication device. In another possible implementation, the terminal device determines the first timing difference based on acquired location information of the terminal device, the first communication device, and the second communication device. This improves the flexibility of the scheme.
  • the first communication device may include a network device or a chip system within a network device.
  • the first communication device may include a satellite device or a chip (or chip system) within a satellite device.
  • the first communication device may include a ground station or a chip (or chip system) within a ground station.
  • the ground station may, for example, include network equipment deployed on the ground (e.g., access network equipment).
  • a first communication device determines a first data transmission mode, which is associated with a timing difference between the first and second communication devices.
  • the first communication device transmits data to the terminal device based on this first data transmission mode. Because the first data transmission mode can be associated with the timing difference between the first and second communication devices, the terminal device can use a more advantageous data transmission mode, thereby improving communication performance.
  • the first data transmission method is a first method, a second method, or a third method.
  • the first method, the second method, and the third method please refer to the relevant introduction and beneficial effects of the possible implementation methods in the first aspect above, and they will not be repeated here.
  • the first data transmission mode is either the first mode or the third mode. In another possible implementation, if the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is less than the first threshold, the first data transmission mode is the second mode. In yet another possible implementation, if the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is equal to the first threshold, the first data transmission mode is either the first mode, the second mode, or the third mode.
  • the first communication device switches from a second data transmission mode to a first data transmission mode.
  • the second data transmission mode differs from the first data transmission mode; it is one of the first, second, and third modes that differs from the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device transmits information indicating a first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device receives first information, which is used to determine a timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the first communication device determines a first data transmission mode based on the first information.
  • the first information includes: information indicating a first timing difference, where the first timing difference is the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the first information includes: information indicating the correlation between the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device and time.
  • the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device can be expressed as a first formula.
  • Information indicating the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device includes coefficient values in the first formula.
  • the first communication device determines the data transmission mode associated with a first timing difference as the first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the data transmission mode and the timing difference between the first and second communication devices.
  • the first timing difference is the timing difference between the first and second communication devices.
  • the first communication device acquires time information and, based on the correlation between the timing difference between the first and second communication devices and time, determines the data transmission mode corresponding to the timing difference indicated by the time information as the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device can determine the first data transmission mode based on a first timing difference or time information, which can reduce the complexity of the solution on the first communication device side.
  • the first communication device receives information indicating a first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device determines the first data transmission mode based on the information indicating the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device sends second information to determine a first data transmission mode.
  • the second information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the correlation between the data transmission mode and the timing difference between the first and second communication devices; information indicating the correlation between the data transmission mode and a time period; and information indicating the correlation between the timing difference between the first and second communication devices and time.
  • the correlation between the data transmission mode and the time period includes the time period associated with the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device sends response information indicating a first data transmission mode.
  • This response information indicates that the terminal device is permitted to use the first data transmission mode for data transmission.
  • the second communication device may include a network device or a chip system within a network device.
  • the second communication device may include a satellite device or a chip (or chip system) within a satellite device.
  • the second communication device may include a ground station or a chip (or chip system) within a ground station.
  • the ground station may, for example, include network equipment deployed on the ground (e.g., access network equipment).
  • the second communication device receives information indicating the first data transmission mode. Based on the first data transmission mode, the second communication device transmits data with the terminal device. Since the first data transmission mode can be correlated with the timing difference between the first and second communication devices, the terminal device can improve communication performance by using a more advantageous data transmission mode.
  • a communication device which can be the aforementioned terminal device, first communication device, or second communication device.
  • the communication device may include a communication unit and a processing unit to perform any one of the first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.
  • the communication unit is used to perform functions related to sending and receiving.
  • the communication unit may be referred to as a transceiver unit.
  • the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the communication device is a communication chip
  • the processing unit may be one or more processors or processor cores
  • the communication unit may be the input/output circuit, input/output interface, or antenna port of the communication chip.
  • the communication unit can be a transmitter and a receiver, or the communication unit can be a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the communication device may also include modules that can be used to perform any one of the first to third aspects described above, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.
  • a communication device which may be the aforementioned terminal device, a first communication device, or a second communication device.
  • the communication device may include a processor and a memory to execute any one of the first to third aspects, or to execute any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.
  • it may also include a transceiver, the memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and the processor for retrieving and executing the computer program or instructions from the memory.
  • the processor executes the computer program or instructions in the memory
  • the communication device executes any one of the first to third aspects, or to execute any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.
  • processors there may be one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the memory can be integrated with the processor, or the memory can be set up separately from the processor.
  • the transceiver may include a transmitter and a receiver.
  • a communication device which may be the aforementioned terminal device, a first communication device, or a second communication device.
  • the communication device may include a processor to execute any one of the first to third aspects, or to execute any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.
  • the processor is coupled to a memory.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the communication interface can be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface can be an input/output circuit.
  • the communication interface can be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system.
  • the processor can also be manifested as a processing circuit or logic circuit.
  • a system which includes the aforementioned terminal device.
  • the system may further include a first communication device and a second communication device.
  • a computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when executed, causes a computer to perform any one of the first to third aspects described above, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.
  • a computer program also referred to as code or instructions
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any one of the first to third aspects described above, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.
  • a computer program also referred to as code or instructions
  • a tenth aspect provides a processing apparatus, comprising: an interface circuit and a processing circuit.
  • the interface circuit may include an input circuit and an output circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, thereby enabling any one of the first to third aspects, or any possible implementation thereof, to be implemented.
  • the aforementioned processing device can be a chip
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, gate circuit, flip-flop, and various logic circuits, etc.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver
  • the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter.
  • the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation method of the processor and various circuits.
  • the communication device is a terminal device, a first communication device, or a second communication device.
  • the interface circuit can be an RF processing chip in the terminal device, the first communication device, or the second communication device, and the processing circuit can be a baseband processing chip in the terminal device, the first communication device, or the second communication device.
  • the communication device can be a component of a terminal device, a first communication device, or a second communication device, such as an integrated circuit product like a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or a communication chip.
  • the interface circuit can be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pins, or related circuits on the chip or chip system.
  • the processing circuit can be the logic circuit on the chip.
  • Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system to which this application applies;
  • Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 1E is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 1F is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 1G is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a possible flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrival of information transmitted by multiple communication devices to a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a possible method for a terminal device to acquire data according to an embodiment of this application;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrival of information transmitted by multiple communication devices to a terminal device, according to another possible embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 7 is a possible schematic diagram of the correlation between timing difference and time provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a possible flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 9 is another possible schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between time and timing difference provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a possible flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the resources in the embodiments of this application may include, for example, time-domain resources and/or frequency-domain resources.
  • Time-domain resources may include at least one of the following: radio frames, subframes, slots, mini slots, or symbols (e.g., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), such as discrete fourier transform (DFT) extended OFDM (DFT-spread OFDM, DFT-S-OFDM), orthogonal time-frequency and space (OTFS)).
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • DFT discrete fourier transform
  • DFT-spread OFDM DFT-spread OFDM
  • DFT-S-OFDM orthogonal time-frequency and space
  • a time-domain element may include a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot, or an OFDM symbol.
  • a time-domain element may also include resources aggregated from multiple radio frames, subframes, slots, mini slots, or OFDM symbols.
  • a radio frame may include multiple subframes, a subframe may include one or more slots, and a slot may include at least one symbol.
  • a radio frame may include multiple slots, and a slot may include at least one symbol.
  • an OFDM symbol may also be simply referred to as a symbol.
  • the length of each symbol can vary, and therefore the time slot length can also vary.
  • a time slot with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz has a length of 0.5 ms
  • a time slot with a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz has a length of 0.125 ms, and so on.
  • time domain unit can also be replaced by: time domain resource unit or time domain unit, etc.
  • frequency domain resources can include one or more frequency domain units.
  • a frequency domain unit can be a resource block (RB), a physical resource block (PRB), a subcarrier, a resource block group (RBG), a predefined subband, a precoding resource block group (PRG), a resource pool, a bandwidth part (BWP), a resource element (RE) (also called a resource unit or resource particle), a carrier, or a serving cell.
  • PRBs and RBs can be interchanged.
  • a resource pool can include one or more resources, which can include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code-domain resources, or spatial-domain resources. The number and size of resources included in the resource pool can be predetermined or configured by signaling.
  • Subcarrier or RE refers to the smallest frequency domain unit on a specific symbol in a multicarrier system.
  • Subcarrier spacing is the interval between the center or peak positions of two adjacent subcarriers in the frequency domain in an OFDM system.
  • various subcarrier spacings are introduced, and different carriers can have different subcarrier spacings.
  • the baseline is 15kHz, which can be 15kHz ⁇ 2n, where n is an integer from 3.75, 7.5 up to 480kHz.
  • RE can refer to a resource unit of time-frequency resources, for example, it can be considered as the smallest time-frequency resource unit.
  • subcarrier and RE are interchangeable and have the same content.
  • a subchannel is the smallest unit of frequency domain resources occupied by a physical cross-channel shared channel.
  • a subchannel can include one or more resource blocks (RBs).
  • the bandwidth of a wireless communication system in the frequency domain can include multiple RBs.
  • the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) included can be 6, 15, 25, 50, etc.
  • an RB can include several subcarriers.
  • an RB includes 12 subcarriers, where the spacing between each subcarrier can be 15kHz.
  • other subcarrier spacings can also be used, such as 3.75kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, or 120kHz subcarrier spacings, which are not limited here.
  • a frequency domain unit may include a RE, an RB, a channel, a subchannel, a carrier, or a bandwidth part (BWP).
  • a frequency domain unit may also include resources aggregated from multiple REs, multiple RBs, multiple subchannels, multiple carriers, or multiple BWPs.
  • a channel can be equivalently replaced by a resource block set (RB set), and the frequency domain bandwidth of an RB set can be 20 MHz.
  • the frequency domain unit can also be replaced by: frequency domain resource unit or frequency unit, etc.
  • a frequency domain resource set may include one or more frequency domain elements.
  • a frequency domain resource set may also be called a frequency domain resource collection, frequency domain resource group, etc.
  • a frequency domain resource set may include a resource block set (RBset), an RB, a subchannel, a resource pool, a carrier, and a BWP.
  • the reference signal in the embodiments of this application may include at least one of the following: positioning reference signal (PRS), sounding reference signal (SRS), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signal (DMRS), phase-tracking reference signals (PTRS), or synchronization signal and physical sidelink broadcast channel block (SSB).
  • PRS positioning reference signal
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • PTRS phase-tracking reference signals
  • SSB physical sidelink broadcast channel block
  • Satellite communication systems can be integrated with mobile communication systems.
  • mobile communication systems can be 4th Generation (4G) communication systems (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th Generation (5G) communication systems (e.g., New Radio (NR) systems), and future mobile communication systems.
  • 4G 4th Generation
  • WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • 5G 5th Generation
  • NR New Radio
  • Mobile communication systems can also be vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems and Internet of Things (IoT) systems.
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • FIG 1A exemplarily illustrates an architecture diagram of a communication system 1000 applicable to an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication system includes a wireless access network 100 and a core network 200.
  • the communication system 1000 may also include an Internet 300.
  • the wireless access network 100 may include at least one wireless access network device (110a and 110b in Figure 1A) and at least one terminal device (120a-120j in Figure 1A).
  • the terminal device is wirelessly connected to the wireless access network device, and the wireless access network device is wirelessly or wiredly connected to the core network.
  • the core network device and the wireless access network device may be independent and different physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the wireless access network device may be integrated on the same physical device, or a single physical device may integrate some of the functions of the core network device and some of the functions of the wireless access network device.
  • Terminal devices and wireless access network devices may be interconnected via wired or wireless means.
  • Figure 1A is just a schematic diagram.
  • the communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figure 1A.
  • RAN devices can be base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), transmission points (TPs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems; they can also be modules or units that perform some of the functions of a base station, for example, they can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), or radio units (RUs).
  • CUs central units
  • DUs distributed units
  • RUs radio units
  • the CU Radio Control Unit
  • the CU performs the functions of the Radio Resource Control Protocol (RRC) and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) of the base station, and can also perform the functions of the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP).
  • the DU Radio Access Unit
  • the CU and DU can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as in the baseband unit (BBU).
  • the RU Radio Receiver Unit
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • AAU active antenna unit
  • RRH remote radio head
  • CU, DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning.
  • CU can also be called open CU (open-CU, O-CU)
  • DU can also be called open DU (open-DU, O-DU)
  • RU can also be called open RU (open-RU, O-RU).
  • any of the following units can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.
  • CU-CP can also be called open CU-CP (open-CU-CP, O-CU-CP), and CU-UP can also be called open CU-UP (open-CU-UP, O-CU-UP).
  • Figure 1B illustrates an exemplary O-RAN system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the O-RAN system in the embodiments provided in this application may include components other than those shown in Figure 1B.
  • the access network device (RAN, for example, an eNB, gNB, or next-generation access network device) communicates with the core network (CN) via a backhaul link and with the user equipment (UE) via an air interface.
  • the baseband unit (BBU) in the access network device communicates with the core network via a backhaul link
  • the radio unit (RU) in the access network device communicates with at least one UE via an air interface.
  • the BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link; the BBU and RU may or may not be co-located.
  • the BBU includes at least one control unit (CU) and at least one distributed unit (DU), which can communicate via at least one midhaul link.
  • the first communication device can configure information of the auxiliary communication device to the terminal device (e.g., UE), and can also send signaling to the terminal device for activating or deactivating one or more communication devices. The sending of these signaling messages can be sent to the terminal device by the CU and/or DU in the first communication device.
  • FIG. 1C exemplarily illustrates a schematic diagram of an O-RAN system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • O-RAN may include O-CU-CP, O-CU-UP, O-DU, and O-RU.
  • the system architecture may also include an open cloud (O-cloud), a service management and orchestration framework, an open eNB (O-eNB), a near-real-time (RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), and a non-real-time RIC.
  • the non-RT RIC can monitor, configure, manage, and control the radio resources of at least one of multiple O-CU-CP, O-CU-UP, DU, or O-eNB.
  • the interfaces defined by 3GPP include, for example, E1, F1 (e.g., F1-c, F1-u), NG (e.g., NG-c, NG-u), Xn (e.g., Xn-c, Xn-u), and X2 (e.g., X2-c, X2-u).
  • the O-RAN communication system also includes interfaces such as O1, O2, E2, A1, and Open Fronthaul (FH) interfaces (e.g., Open-FH Control (M)-plane, and Open-FH Control, User, and Synchronization (CUS)-plane).
  • FH Open Fronthaul
  • M Open-FH Control
  • CCS Synchronization
  • Wireless access network equipment can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 1A, 110a), a micro base station or an indoor station (as shown in Figure 1A, 110b), or a relay node or donor node, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or equipment form used in the wireless access network equipment.
  • a base station is used as an example of wireless access network equipment in the following description.
  • Terminal devices can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminal devices, etc.
  • Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc.
  • Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, sensors, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the terminal devices.
  • the aforementioned terminal devices can establish connections with the operator's network through interfaces provided by the operator's network (such as N1), and use data and/or voice services provided by the operator's network.
  • the terminal devices can also access the Domain Name System (DNS) through the operator's network, and use operator services deployed on the DNS, and/or services provided by third parties.
  • DNS Domain Name System
  • third parties can be service providers outside of the operator's network and the terminal devices, and can provide other data and/or voice services to the terminal devices. The specific form of these third parties can be determined based on the actual application scenario and is not limited here.
  • Terminal devices can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminal devices, etc.
  • Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc.
  • Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, roadside units (RSUs), etc.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the terminal devices.
  • Base stations and terminal equipment can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the base stations and terminal equipment.
  • the helicopter or drone 120i in Figure 1A can be configured as a mobile base station.
  • terminal device 120i For terminal devices 120j that access the wireless access network 100 through 120i, terminal device 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, 120i is a terminal device, meaning that 110a and 120i communicate via a wireless air interface protocol.
  • 110a and 120i can also communicate via a base station-to-base station interface protocol.
  • base station In this case, relative to 110a, 120i is also a base station. Therefore, both base stations and terminal devices can be collectively referred to as communication devices.
  • 110a and 110b in Figure 1A can be called communication devices with base station functions
  • 120a-120j in Figure 1A can be called communication devices with terminal device functions.
  • Communication between base stations and terminal devices, between base stations, and between terminal devices can be conducted using licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or both simultaneously. Communication can be conducted using spectrum below 6 GHz, spectrum above 6 GHz, or both simultaneously.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.
  • the functions of the base station can be executed by modules (such as chips) within the base station, or by a control subsystem that includes base station functions.
  • This control subsystem, including base station functions can be a control center in the aforementioned application scenarios such as smart grids, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart cities.
  • the functions of the terminal device can be executed by modules (such as chips or modems) within the terminal device, or by a device that includes terminal device functions.
  • the base station sends downlink signals or downlink information to the terminal device, with the downlink information carried on the downlink channel; the terminal device sends uplink signals or uplink information to the base station, with the uplink information carried on the uplink channel.
  • the terminal device needs to establish a radio connection with a cell controlled by the base station.
  • the cell with which the terminal device has established a radio connection is called the serving cell of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device communicates with this serving cell, it is also subject to interference from signals from neighboring cells.
  • the core network involved in this application embodiment may include network devices that process and forward user signaling and data.
  • it includes core network devices such as access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), user plane gateways, and location management devices.
  • the user plane gateway can be a server with functions such as mobility management, routing, and forwarding of user plane data, generally located on the network side, such as a serving gateway (SGW), packet data network gateway (PGW), or user plane function (UPF).
  • SGW serving gateway
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • UPF user plane function
  • AMF and SMF are equivalent to the mobility management entity (MME) in a long-term evolution (LTE) system.
  • AMF is mainly responsible for admission aspects
  • SMF is mainly responsible for session management.
  • the core network may also include other network elements, which are not listed here.
  • FIG 1A is only a schematic diagram.
  • the wireless communication system may also include other devices, such as core network devices, wireless relay devices and/or wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figure 1A.
  • Figures 1D and 1E exemplarily illustrate network architecture diagrams of several communication systems applicable to embodiments of this application.
  • the communication system may include satellites, network devices, and terminal devices, etc.
  • the communication system may also include gateways and core network devices.
  • Figures 1D and 1E exemplarily illustrate a converged network architecture of NTN and terrestrial networks. A description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the satellite can be a highly elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, a GEO satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, or a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite.
  • HEO highly elliptical orbit
  • GEO GEO
  • MEO medium earth orbit
  • LEO low earth orbit
  • This application does not limit the satellite's operating mode; for example, the satellite can operate in transparent mode or regenerative mode.
  • Figure 1D illustrates the satellite operating in transparent mode
  • Figure 1E illustrates the satellite operating in regenerative mode.
  • a gateway When a satellite operates in transparent mode, it provides transparent relay forwarding functionality.
  • a gateway possesses the functions of a network device (such as a base station) or some of the functions of a network device (such as a base station); in this case, the gateway can be considered a network device (such as a base station). Alternatively, the network device (such as a base station) can be deployed separately from the gateway.
  • the feeder link latency includes both the latency from the satellite to the gateway and the latency from the gateway to the gNB.
  • the transparent mode discussed later assumes that the gateway and gNB are located together or close to each other. For cases where the gateway and gNB are far apart, the feeder link latency is simply the sum of the latency from the satellite to the gateway and the latency from the gateway to the gNB.
  • a satellite When a satellite is operating in regenerative mode, it has data processing capabilities and functions as a network device (such as a base station) or partially functions as a network device (such as a base station).
  • the satellite can be regarded as a network device (such as a base station).
  • Satellites can communicate wirelessly with terminals via broadcast communication signals and navigation signals.
  • each satellite can provide communication, navigation, and positioning services to terminal devices through multiple beams.
  • each satellite uses multiple beams to cover the service area, and the relationship between different beams can be one or more of time-division, frequency-division, and space-division.
  • a gateway also known as a ground station, earth station, or gateway
  • a gateway is a network device used to connect satellites and ground-based devices (such as ground base stations).
  • One or more satellites can connect to one or more ground-based network devices (such as ground base stations) through one or more gateways; this is not a limitation.
  • the link between a satellite and a terminal is called a service link, and the link between a satellite and a gateway is called a feeder link.
  • Network devices can be deployed separately from gateways; therefore, the latency of the feeder link can include both the latency from the satellite to the gateway and the latency from the gateway to the network device.
  • the network devices in this application embodiment may include network devices deployed on satellites (such as satellite base stations), network devices deployed on gateways, or network devices deployed on the ground (such as ground base stations).
  • the network devices may be radio access network (RAN) nodes, RAN nodes in O-RAN systems, etc., as shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C. Related details are as described above and will not be repeated here.
  • RAN radio access network
  • a core network (CN) device is a ground-based device that can communicate with NTN devices within an NTN system.
  • a CN can be the CN shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C; relevant details are described above and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal can be the terminal involved in Figures 1A, 1B and 1C.
  • Figures 1A, 1B and 1C For relevant details, please refer to the above description and we will not repeat them here.
  • the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other communication system architectures, such as air-to-ground (ATG) communication systems, which include at least one network device and at least one high-altitude terminal.
  • High-altitude terminals include, for example, high-altitude aircraft and onboard terminals.
  • the satellites in Figures 1D and 1E can also be replaced with other relay devices, such as high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) or other NTN devices.
  • HAPS high-altitude platform stations
  • the communication system shown in Figure 1D or 1E is merely an example and does not limit the communication systems to which the methods provided in the embodiments of this application are applicable.
  • the embodiments of this application can also be applied to air-to-ground (ATG) communication systems.
  • ATG air-to-ground
  • the communication system includes at least one network device and at least one high-altitude terminal device.
  • the high-altitude terminal device includes, for example, high-altitude aircraft and onboard terminal devices.
  • Figure 1G exemplarily illustrates another possible communication system architecture applicable to embodiments of this application.
  • the communication system includes a first communication device, a second communication device, and a terminal device.
  • This application embodiment uses the first communication device as the primary communication device and the second communication device as the secondary communication device as an example for description.
  • the first communication device is described as the primary satellite device, and the second communication device as the secondary satellite device.
  • the terminal device can establish an RRC connection with the primary satellite device but does not establish an RRC connection with the secondary satellite device.
  • the primary satellite device and the secondary satellite device have the ability to transmit data to the terminal device on the same resources (for understanding purposes, this ability can be referred to as the first capability).
  • the same resources can be replaced with “the same time-domain resources and the same frequency-domain resources.”
  • the same resources please refer to this document, and they will not be repeated here.
  • the primary satellite device and the secondary satellite device can use this first capability, that is, the terminal device can send data on the same resources, or the primary satellite device and the secondary satellite device can jointly transmit data to the terminal device.
  • the primary satellite device and the secondary satellite device may not use this first capability, for example, the two data transmissions sent by the primary satellite device and the secondary satellite device to the terminal device may occupy different resources (e.g., the time domain resources and/or frequency domain resources occupied by the two data transmissions may be different); for another example, the primary satellite device and the secondary satellite device may not need to jointly transmit data to the terminal device; for yet another example, the terminal device may communicate with a single satellite device (the primary satellite device or the secondary satellite device).
  • the terminal device can be the terminal or its internal chip system involved in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, or 1F.
  • the first communication device in this embodiment can be a satellite or its internal chip system as shown in Figures 1D, 1E, or 1F, or it can be a network device (e.g., access network equipment, ground station, etc.) or its internal chip system as shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, or 1F.
  • the second communication device in this embodiment can be a satellite or its internal chip system as shown in Figures 1D, 1E, or 1F, or it can be a network device (e.g., access network equipment, ground station, etc.) or its internal chip system as shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, or 1F.
  • a network device e.g., access network equipment, ground station, etc.
  • Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, or 1F can be a network device (e.g., access network equipment, ground station, etc.) or its internal chip system as shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, or 1F.
  • the communication device in this application embodiment can also be replaced by a cell or a transmission reception point (TRP).
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • the first communication device can also be replaced by a cell, a first cell, or a primary cell.
  • the second communication device can be replaced by a cell, a second cell, or a secondary cell.
  • the secondary communication device involved in this application embodiment can also be replaced by a secondary cell.
  • the first communication device is a first cell and the second communication device is a second cell
  • the first cell and the second cell can belong to cells within the coverage area of different network devices, or they can belong to cells within the coverage area of the same network device. This application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.
  • any two of the first and second communication devices can be of the same type or different types.
  • the first communication device may be a network device (e.g., access network device, ground station, etc.), and the second communication device may be a satellite device.
  • the first communication device is a satellite device
  • the second communication device is a network device (e.g., access network device, ground station, etc.).
  • the first and second communication devices are three network devices (e.g., access network device, ground station, etc.).
  • the first communication device is a first satellite device
  • the second communication device is a second satellite device.
  • the satellite device in this application embodiment can be the satellite or the chip system inside the satellite shown in Figure 1D, Figure 1E, or Figure 1F.
  • the operating mode of the satellite device can be a pass-through mode or a regeneration mode.
  • the operating modes of the first communication device and the second communication device can be the same or different.
  • Figure 2 exemplarily illustrates a possible flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2 uses the interaction between a terminal device, a first communication device, and a second communication device as an example. Examples of the terminal device, the first communication device, and the second communication device can be found in the description of Figure 1G above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first communication device is a first satellite device (or a primary satellite device, or a primary communication device), and the second communication device is a second satellite device (or a secondary communication device or a secondary satellite device).
  • the terminal device can communicate with one or more secondary communication devices.
  • This embodiment uses the communication between the terminal device and the second communication device as an example; the communication process between other secondary communication devices and the terminal device can also be found in the embodiment provided in Figure 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can establish an RRC connection with the primary communication device, but does not need to establish an RRC connection with the secondary communication devices.
  • the terminal device can communicate with the primary communication device (e.g., sending uplink or downlink data), and the terminal device can also communicate with the secondary communication devices (e.g., sending uplink or downlink data).
  • Step 201 The terminal device determines the first data transmission method.
  • the first data transmission method is related to the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • Step 202 The first communication device determines the first data transmission mode.
  • Step 203 Based on the first data transmission method, the terminal device transmits data with the first communication device and/or the second communication device.
  • the terminal device can improve communication performance based on the more advantageous data transmission method.
  • This application defines three data transmission methods in its embodiments: a first method, a second method, and a third method.
  • the first data transmission method is either the first method, the second method, or the third method.
  • the first communication device and the second communication device transmit data to the terminal device on the same resources.
  • the first and second communication devices can transmit data to the terminal device on the same time-domain resources (frequency-domain resources may be the same or different).
  • the first and second communication devices can transmit data to the terminal device on the same frequency-domain resources (time-domain resources may be the same or different).
  • the first and second communication devices can transmit data to the terminal device on both the same time-domain resources and the same frequency-domain resources.
  • the terminal device also needs to establish timing synchronization with both the first and second communication devices.
  • the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with at least one communication device.
  • the first and second communication devices can transmit data to the terminal device using different resources.
  • the first method includes: a first communication device and a second communication device sending data to a terminal device on the same resources, and the terminal device establishing a timed synchronization with the first communication device and the second communication device respectively.
  • the "same resource" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be replaced with the same time-domain resource, the same frequency-domain resource, or both the same time-domain resource and the same frequency-domain resource. Other locations will not be described again.
  • the timing can be replaced by downlink timing, downlink synchronization timing, time synchronization, or downlink time synchronization.
  • Downlink timing is used to enable the terminal device to determine the frame boundaries, subframe boundaries, time slot boundaries, symbol boundaries, or receive window positions of frames transmitted by the communication device.
  • the difference between the downlink timing corresponding to the first communication device and the downlink timing corresponding to the second communication device can also be replaced by/include: the downlink timing difference between the first and second communication devices, the difference in frame boundaries of downlink frames from the first and second communication devices, downlink timing difference, synchronization position difference, time difference, downlink time difference, and the time difference of the received signal, etc.
  • the downlink timing difference received by the terminal from data from the first and second communication devices is the difference in frame boundaries of downlink frames received by the terminal from data from the first and second communication devices, the downlink timing difference, synchronization position difference, time difference, downlink time difference, and the time difference of the received signal, etc.
  • the difference between the downlink timing corresponding to the first communication device and the downlink timing corresponding to the second communication device can also be replaced by/included as: the time difference of the frame boundary of the same frame number of the two downlink signals received by the terminal device from the first communication device and the second communication device respectively, the time difference of the time slot boundary of the same time slot number, or the time difference of the symbol boundary of the same symbol index number.
  • the difference between the downlink timing corresponding to the first communication device and the downlink timing corresponding to the second communication device may be a variable, which may be related to the difference in data transmission delay between the first and second communication devices.
  • the difference between the downlink timing corresponding to the first and second communication devices may be equal to the difference in data transmission delay between the first and second communication devices.
  • the difference between the downlink timing corresponding to the first and second communication devices may not be equal to the difference in data transmission delay between the first and second communication devices; for example, it may be determined based on the difference in data transmission delay between the first and second communication devices.
  • a terminal device may need to transmit data with more communication devices.
  • a terminal device may transmit data with N communication devices, where N is a positive integer greater than 1 (e.g., N is 2, 3, or other integers).
  • the N communication devices send data to the terminal device on the same resources (the data sent by any two of the N communication devices occupies the same time-domain and/or frequency-domain resources).
  • the N communication devices include one main communication device and (N-1) auxiliary communication devices.
  • the terminal device can establish timing synchronization (e.g., downlink synchronization) with the main communication device and each of the N communication devices.
  • the data transmitted by the first and second communication devices through the same resource can be the same or different. Since multiple communication devices transmit different data on the same resource, the throughput of the communication system can be increased. Furthermore, since multiple communication devices transmit the same data on the same resource, data transmission reliability can be improved, thereby increasing communication throughput.
  • the terminal device When the first communication device and the second communication device transmit data using the first method, the terminal device also needs to process the received signals using the data processing method corresponding to the first method in order to recover the signals from each communication device.
  • the data processing method that the terminal device needs to use when the first communication device and the second communication device transmit data using the first method is referred to as the first data processing method.
  • Figure 3 exemplarily illustrates a schematic diagram of the arrival of information transmitted by multiple communication devices to a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the data sent by the first communication device to the terminal device includes S1 and S2.
  • the data sent by the second communication device to the terminal device includes S3.
  • the arrival time of the data sent by the first communication device to the terminal device is t0
  • the arrival time of the data sent by the second communication device to the terminal device is ( t0 + t1 ).
  • t1 is the time difference between the arrival time of the data sent by the first and second communication devices to the terminal device.
  • t1 can also be understood as the difference between the downlink timing corresponding to the first communication device and the downlink timing corresponding to the second communication device.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an example where t1 is greater than or equal to a first threshold.
  • the first threshold can be information that indicates a duration.
  • the first threshold is: the CP length, or the CP duration, or the duration determined based on the CP length (for example, the first threshold is a value calculated based on the CP length, such as the first threshold being the CP length plus or minus an adjustment value; or, for example, the first threshold is the product of the CP length and a preset value).
  • Figure 4 exemplarily illustrates a possible method flow diagram for a terminal device to acquire data provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the data processing flow provided in Figure 4 can be considered an example of a first data processing method. Referring to Figure 4, the process may include the following steps.
  • the first data sent by the first communication device arrives at the terminal device through the channel corresponding to the first communication device
  • the second data sent by the second communication device arrives at the terminal device through the channel corresponding to the second communication device.
  • the first data and the second data occupy the same resources.
  • the terminal device receives the superimposed signal corresponding to the first data and the second data.
  • the terminal device decodes the first data (e.g., S1 and S2) from the received signal.
  • the terminal device obtains the first data affected by the channel based on the first data and the influence of the channel on the signal. For example, the terminal device reconstructs the signal according to the decoding results of signals S1 and S2 to obtain S1 and S2 affected by the channel.
  • S1 and S2 affected by the channel are, for example, (S1*h1+S2*h2). Where h1 and h2 represent the influence of the channel on the signal.
  • the terminal device removes the first data affected by the channel from the superimposed signal corresponding to the first data and the second data received, and then obtains the second data (e.g., S3) from the obtained data.
  • the terminal device uses the superimposed signal of the two communication devices received to subtract the recovered signal third data (S1*h1+S2*h2) to obtain the second data.
  • This process can be understood as a successive interference cancellation (SIC) signal processing method.
  • SIC successive interference cancellation
  • the above method can eliminate interference between signals transmitted from multiple communication devices to the terminal device. Furthermore, this interference cancellation method can better extract the data transmitted by each communication device from the received superimposed signals.
  • the second method includes: the first communication device and the second communication device sending data to the terminal device on the same resources; and the terminal device establishing timing synchronization with at least one of the first and second communication devices. That is, in the second method, the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with one communication device (either the first or the second communication device), without needing to establish timing synchronization with each communication device; or, the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with multiple (or each) communication devices (e.g., the first and the second communication devices).
  • the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with one communication device (either the first or the second communication device), without needing to establish timing synchronization with each communication device; or, the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with multiple (or each) communication devices (e.g., the first and the second communication devices).
  • the description of "same resources" is as described above and will not be repeated here.
  • a terminal device may need to transmit data with more communication devices.
  • a terminal device may transmit data with N communication devices, where N is a positive integer greater than 1 (e.g., N is 2, 3, or other integers). These N communication devices transmit data to the terminal device using the same resources (any two of the N communication devices use the same time and frequency domain resources).
  • the N communication devices include one primary communication device and (N-1) secondary communication devices.
  • the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with the primary communication device and at least one of the N communication devices. In other words, in the second approach, the terminal device can establish timing synchronization with one communication device or with multiple (or each) communication devices.
  • the first and second communication devices can transmit the same data using the same resources. Since multiple communication devices transmit the same data on the same resources, data transmission reliability can be improved, thereby increasing communication throughput.
  • the terminal device When the first and second communication devices transmit data using the second method, the terminal device also needs to process the received signals using the corresponding data processing method of the second method in order to recover the signals from each communication device.
  • the data processing method required by the terminal device when the first and second communication devices transmit data using the second method is called the second data processing method.
  • the second data processing method differs from the first data processing method.
  • the second data processing method eliminates the need for interference cancellation (e.g., SiC), thus reducing the complexity of the solution.
  • Figure 5 exemplarily illustrates a schematic diagram of the arrival of information transmitted by multiple communication devices to a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the data sent by the first communication device to the terminal device includes S1 and S2.
  • the data sent by the second communication device to the terminal device includes S3.
  • the arrival time of the data sent by the first communication device to the terminal device is t0
  • the arrival time of the data sent by the second communication device to the terminal device is ( t0 + t2 ).
  • t2 is the time difference between the arrival time of the data sent by the first and second communication devices to the terminal device.
  • t2 can also be understood as the difference between the downlink timing corresponding to the first communication device and the downlink timing corresponding to the second communication device.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an example where t2 is less than or equal to a first threshold.
  • the terminal device can establish a downlink timing with one communication device.
  • the terminal device can obtain the data sent by each communication device.
  • the terminal device transmits data with a single communication device on a dedicated resource.
  • the third approach includes either a first or second communication device sending data to the terminal device.
  • the first and second communication devices send data to the terminal device using different resources. The data sent to the terminal device by the first and second communication devices occupy different time-domain resources and/or different frequency-domain resources.
  • different resources in this application can be replaced with different time-domain resources, different frequency-domain resources, or different time-domain resources and/or different frequency-domain resources. This will not be repeated elsewhere.
  • the frequency-domain resources may be the same or different.
  • “the same resources” refers to the same time-domain resources and the same frequency-domain resources
  • “different resources” refers to different time-domain resources and/or different frequency-domain resources.
  • the terminal device When the first and second communication devices transmit data using a third method, the terminal device also needs to process the received signals using the corresponding data processing method of the third method to recover the signals from each communication device.
  • the data processing method required by the terminal device when the first and second communication devices transmit data using the third method is called the third data processing method.
  • the third data processing method differs from the first data processing method and also from the second data processing method.
  • the third data processing method has lower complexity because it eliminates the need for interference cancellation (e.g., SiC). Furthermore, since it does not require receiving superimposed data from multiple communication devices, the third data processing method is simpler.
  • the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device may be greater than, equal to, or less than the first threshold.
  • the relationship between the timing difference between the first and second communication devices and the first threshold can affect the data transmission method.
  • A1 when the timing difference of the communication devices is greater than the first threshold
  • A2 when the timing difference of the communication devices is less than the first threshold
  • A3 when the timing difference of the communication devices is equal to the first threshold
  • the first data transmission mode is either the first mode or the third mode.
  • the first data transmission mode is the first mode.
  • the terminal device since the terminal device has established timing synchronization with both the first and second communication devices, even if the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is large (e.g., greater than a first threshold), the terminal device can still obtain the data sent by each communication device from the received superimposed data when both devices are transmitting data on the same resources. Therefore, when the timing difference between the corresponding devices is greater than the first threshold, the communication devices (e.g., the first and second communication devices) and the terminal device can transmit data based on the first approach.
  • the timing difference between the corresponding devices is greater than the first threshold
  • the first method can also be called multi-communication device joint asynchronous transmission, multi-cell joint asynchronous transmission, or multi-satellite joint asynchronous transmission.
  • a communication device e.g., a first communication device and a second communication device
  • the terminal device also needs to process the received data based on a first data processing method (e.g., the data processing method provided in Figure 4 above) in order to recover the data from each communication device.
  • a first data processing method e.g., the data processing method provided in Figure 4 above
  • the first data transmission mode is the third mode.
  • the terminal device can communicate with a single communication device on a single resource.
  • the first and second communication devices can send data to the terminal device through different resources. Therefore, even if the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is large (e.g., greater than a first threshold), the terminal device can still obtain data sent by each communication device separately in the third approach. Thus, even if the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is greater than the first threshold, the terminal device can still perform data transmission based on the third approach.
  • a terminal device When a terminal device transmits data to a communication device using a third method, the terminal device also needs to process the received data using a third data processing method to recover the data from each communication device.
  • the first data transmission mode is the second mode, the third mode, or the first mode.
  • the first data transmission mode is the second mode.
  • the terminal device establishes timing synchronization with at least one communication device. Therefore, when the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is small (e.g., less than a first threshold), and both devices transmit data on the same resources, the terminal device can also obtain the data transmitted by each communication device from the received superimposed data using the second approach. Therefore, when the timing difference between the corresponding devices is less than the first threshold, the communication devices (e.g., the first and second communication devices) and the terminal device can perform data transmission based on the second approach.
  • the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is small (e.g., less than a first threshold)
  • the terminal device can also obtain the data transmitted by each communication device from the received superimposed data using the second approach. Therefore, when the timing difference between the corresponding devices is less than the first threshold, the communication devices (e.g., the first and second communication devices) and the terminal device can perform data transmission based on the second approach.
  • the terminal device When communication devices (e.g., the first communication device and the second communication device) and terminal devices can transmit data based on the second method, the terminal device also needs to process the received data based on the second data processing method in order to recover the data from each communication device.
  • communication devices e.g., the first communication device and the second communication device
  • terminal devices can transmit data based on the second method
  • the terminal device also needs to process the received data based on the second data processing method in order to recover the data from each communication device.
  • the first data transmission mode is the third mode.
  • the terminal device can communicate with a single communication device on a single resource.
  • the first and second communication devices can send data to the terminal device through different resources. Therefore, if the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is small (e.g., less than a first threshold), the terminal device can also obtain data sent by each communication device separately in the third approach. Thus, if the timing difference between the corresponding first and second communication devices is less than the first threshold, the communication devices (e.g., the first and second communication devices) and the terminal device can perform data transmission based on the third approach.
  • the terminal device When communication devices (e.g., the first communication device and the second communication device) transmit data with the terminal device based on the third method, the terminal device also needs to process the received data based on the third data processing method in order to recover the data from each communication device.
  • communication devices e.g., the first communication device and the second communication device
  • the first data transmission mode is the first mode.
  • the terminal device since the terminal device establishes timing synchronization with both the first and second communication devices, the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is small (e.g., less than a first threshold).
  • the terminal device can also obtain the data transmitted by each communication device from the received superimposed data. Therefore, when the timing difference between the corresponding first and second communication devices is less than the first threshold, the communication devices (e.g., the first and second communication devices) and the terminal device perform data transmission based on the first approach.
  • a communication device e.g., a first communication device and a second communication device
  • the terminal device also needs to process the received data based on a first data processing method (e.g., the data processing method provided in Figure 4 above) in order to recover the data from each communication device.
  • a first data processing method e.g., the data processing method provided in Figure 4 above
  • the first data transmission mode is the first mode, the second mode, or the third mode.
  • the case where the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device is equal to the first threshold can be categorized into two types: one where the timing difference is greater than the first threshold, and the other where the timing difference is less than the first threshold.
  • the first data transmission method is either the first method or the third method; please refer to the description of the case where the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device is greater than the first threshold.
  • the first data transmission method is either the second method or the third method; please refer to the description of the case where the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device is less than the first threshold, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device before step 202, can switch from the second data transmission mode to the first data transmission mode.
  • the second data transmission mode is different from the first data transmission mode; it is one of the first, second, and third modes that differs from the first data transmission mode.
  • the following section introduces a data transmission method switching scheme based on a possible scenario.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture applicable to an embodiment of this application.
  • a first communication device and a second communication device provide services to the area where the terminal device is located (e.g., a first area, which is, for example, a beam coverage area).
  • a time-frequency compensation reference point is provided in the first area.
  • the first and second communication devices perform time-frequency pre-compensation based on the time-frequency compensation reference point.
  • the terminal device can simultaneously receive downlink signals from both the first and second communication devices (i.e., the timing difference between the first and second communication devices is 0), and the frequency deviation of the downlink signals received by the terminal device from both devices is 0.
  • Figure 7 exemplarily illustrates a schematic diagram of the correlation between timing difference and time applicable to an embodiment of this application.
  • the schematic diagram provided in Figure 7 may be obtained in the scenario of Figure 6, or it may be obtained in other scenarios.
  • lines #1 and #2 are possible schematic diagrams of the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device changing over time.
  • Line #1 represents a beam diameter of 20 kilometers
  • line #2 represents a beam diameter of 10 kilometers.
  • the vertical axis in the figure represents the timing difference
  • the horizontal axis represents time (or the time of satellite overpass).
  • the dashed line in the figure represents the length of the first threshold (in the figure, the first threshold is represented as CP).
  • the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device received by the terminal device changes over time.
  • the terminal device can use the second mode (or the first mode, or the third mode) for data transmission during the time periods [t10, t11) and (t12, t14).
  • the first mode or the third mode is used for data transmission.
  • the terminal device when the beam diameter is 10 km, can use the second mode (or the first mode, or the third mode) for data transmission during the time periods [t10, t21) and (t22, t14). During the time period [t21, t22], the first mode (or the third mode) is used for data transmission. It can be seen that during satellite overhead, the terminal device can switch transmission modes based on the timing difference between the first and second communication devices, thereby improving communication performance.
  • the terminal device can switch data transmission modes based on the timing difference between the communication devices. If the terminal device always uses one data transmission mode, it will result in low communication performance. For example, if the terminal device always uses the second mode for data transmission, when the timing difference between the corresponding communication devices is large (e.g., greater than the first threshold), the terminal device cannot successfully acquire data sent by multiple communication devices through the same resources (the same time domain and/or frequency domain resources) because it is not using the corresponding receiving mode (e.g., the first data processing mode). Alternatively, if the terminal device always uses the first mode for data transmission, since the terminal device needs to establish downlink timing synchronization with each communication device in the first mode, this scheme will increase the complexity of the terminal device and result in greater resource overhead.
  • the terminal device can adopt a more reasonable data transmission method under different circumstances. For example, when the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device is large (e.g., greater than or equal to the first threshold), the first method or the third method is used for data transmission. This allows the terminal device to successfully acquire data transmitted by each communication device on the same resources, thereby improving system throughput (and/or providing transmission spectral efficiency) or providing data transmission reliability. As another example, when the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device is small (e.g., less than or equal to the first threshold), the second method or the third method is used for data transmission. In this case, the terminal device does not need to maintain downlink timing with all communication devices, thereby reducing the complexity of the scheme on the terminal device side, while simultaneously improving transmission performance using the second method.
  • the first method or the third method is used for data transmission. This allows the terminal device to successfully acquire data transmitted by each communication device on the same resources, thereby improving system throughput (and/or providing transmission spectral efficiency) or providing data transmission reliability
  • the terminal device and the first communication device can determine the first data transmission mode in steps 201 and 202.
  • the following exemplifies one such method using Figures 8 and 10.
  • the first communication device can determine the data transmission mode of the terminal device and indicate this mode to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can determine the data transmission mode.
  • the terminal device after determining the data transmission mode, can indicate it to the first communication device.
  • the embodiments provided in Figures 8 and 10 can also be combined.
  • the terminal device can determine the data transmission mode (e.g., using the embodiment provided in Figure 10), and the first communication device can also determine the data transmission mode (e.g., using the embodiment provided in Figure 8). Both devices use the same rules to determine the same data transmission mode.
  • the second communication device can also determine the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device can indicate the first data transmission mode to the second communication device; or other communication devices can send information indicating the first data transmission mode to the second communication device; or the second communication device can determine the first data transmission mode through a similar scheme to that used by the first communication device.
  • the terminal device and the first communication device determine the first data transmission mode, they can perform data transmission based on the first data transmission mode (for example, by executing step 203 of FIG2 above).
  • the data and resource information sent by the first communication device and the second communication device under different transmission modes can be resolved through negotiation, or indicated by other communication devices to the first and second communication devices.
  • Figures 8 and 10 will be described using the interaction between the terminal device, the first communication device, the second communication device, and the first communication device as examples.
  • Figures 8 and 10 will be described using the interaction between the terminal device, the first communication device, the second communication device, and the first communication device as examples.
  • the terminal device, the first communication device, the second communication device, and the first communication device please refer to the relevant description in Figure 2 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 801 The terminal device acquires the first information.
  • Step 802 The terminal device sends the first information.
  • the first communication device receives the first information.
  • Step 803 The first communication device determines the first data transmission mode.
  • Steps 801 and 802 may or may not be executed.
  • the first communication device may be a first data transmission method determined based on the first information (Implementation Method B), or it may not be necessary to determine the first data transmission method based on the first information (Implementation Method C). Implementation Method B and Implementation Method C will be described below respectively.
  • the first communication device determines a first data transmission method based on first information.
  • the first information can be used to determine the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the first information includes information for indicating a first timing difference, and/or information for indicating the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the first timing difference is the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the content of the first information will be described below through examples of Embodiment B1 (the first information includes information for indicating a first timing difference) and Embodiment B2 (the first information includes information for indicating the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device).
  • the first information includes information for indicating a first timing difference.
  • the first communication device can determine a first timing difference based on the first information, and then determine a first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the first timing difference and the data transmission mode. For example, when the first timing difference is less than or equal to a first threshold, the first data transmission mode is a second mode; when the first timing difference is greater than the first threshold, the first data transmission mode is a first mode or a third mode.
  • the implementation method of the first communication device determining the data transmission mode based on the first timing difference can be found in the descriptions of the aforementioned implementation methods A1, A2, and A3, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can obtain the first timing difference in various ways. For example, the terminal device receives signals (e.g., downlink synchronization signals, downlink reference signals) from a first communication device and signals (e.g., downlink synchronization signals, downlink reference signals) from a second communication device. For example, the terminal device determines the first timing difference based on the received signals from the first and second communication devices. Another example is that the terminal device determines the first timing difference based on the acquired location information of the terminal device, the first communication device, and the second communication device.
  • signals e.g., downlink synchronization signals, downlink reference signals
  • signals e.g., downlink synchronization signals, downlink reference signals
  • the terminal device can determine its location information in various ways, such as based on information sent by the first or other devices; based on signals sent by the terminal device and/or the first communication device; pre-configured on the terminal device side; or based on location information determined by a positioning system.
  • the terminal device can determine the location information of the first and second communication devices based on the ephemeris information of the first and second communication devices.
  • the ephemeris information of the communication device may include, for example, the velocity information of the satellite device, the trajectory information of the satellite device, the position information of the satellite device, and the time information corresponding to the position information of the satellite device.
  • the terminal device can acquire multiple timing differences periodically or non-periodically. To reduce signaling overhead, the terminal device does not need to report each acquired timing difference.
  • the terminal device can compare the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device with previously reported timing differences. If the difference is large, it can be reported; otherwise, it can not be reported.
  • the terminal device can report the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device when it is less than (or not greater than) a third threshold; otherwise, it can not be reported.
  • the terminal device can report the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device when it is greater than (or not less than) a fourth threshold; otherwise, it can not be reported.
  • the terminal device can acquire a second threshold. If the terminal device determines that the absolute value of the difference between the first timing difference and the second timing difference is greater than (or not less than) the second threshold, it sends first information to the first communication device.
  • the first timing difference is the difference between the timing of the first communication device and the second communication device at a first moment
  • the second timing difference is the difference between the timing of the first communication device and the second communication device at a second moment, where the first moment is later than the second moment.
  • the second timing difference can be the difference between the timing of the first communication device and the second communication device previously acquired by the terminal device (e.g., the second timing difference), or the second timing difference can be the timing difference of the terminal device's last report (e.g., a report to the first communication device).
  • the terminal device can acquire the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device periodically or non-periodically.
  • the duration between the first moment and the second moment can be an integer multiple of the period duration, or it can be a non-integer multiple of the period duration.
  • the terminal device periodically acquires the timing difference between the first and second communication devices, with a first duration as the period. The difference between the second and first moments is the first duration. If the terminal device determines that the absolute value of the difference between the currently acquired timing difference (first timing difference) and the previous timing difference (second timing difference) is greater than a second threshold, it sends information (i.e., first information) to the first communication device to indicate the currently acquired timing difference (first timing difference). If the absolute value of the difference between the currently acquired timing difference and the previous timing difference is less than the second threshold, it does not send information indicating the currently acquired timing difference to the first communication device.
  • the terminal device may or may not send information indicating the currently acquired timing difference.
  • the second threshold may be pre-configured in the terminal device, predefined by the protocol, or indicated by other communication devices (e.g., the first communication device).
  • the terminal device when the terminal device determines that
  • ⁇ T_new is the timing difference between the currently acquired (or most recently acquired) first communication device and the second communication device (e.g., the first timing difference).
  • ⁇ T_old is the timing difference between the previously acquired first communication device and the second communication device (e.g., the second timing difference), or ⁇ T_old is the timing difference previously reported by the terminal device.
  • Tresh is the second threshold.
  • the terminal device may send first information to the first communication device when the first timing difference is less than (or not greater than) the third threshold.
  • a terminal device acquires timing differences between multiple first and second communication devices. When it determines that the timing differences follow a decreasing pattern, the terminal device, upon determining that the currently acquired first timing difference between the first and second communication devices is less than (or not greater than) a third threshold, sends information indicating the first timing difference. In another possible implementation, the terminal device, upon determining that the currently acquired first timing difference between the first and second communication devices is greater than (or not less than) a third threshold, does not send information indicating the first timing difference.
  • the third threshold may be pre-configured in the terminal device, predefined by the protocol, or indicated by other communication devices (e.g., the first communication device).
  • the terminal device reporting the timing difference at this time allows the first communication device to promptly determine whether a data transmission mode switch is necessary. Furthermore, this method avoids sending excessive timing differences, thus saving resource overhead.
  • the terminal device may send first information to the first communication device when the first timing difference is greater than (or not less than) the fourth threshold.
  • a terminal device acquires timing differences between multiple first and second communication devices. When it determines that the timing differences follow a pattern of increasing from small to large, the terminal device, upon determining that the currently acquired first timing difference between the first and second communication devices is greater than (or not less than) a fourth threshold, sends information indicating the first timing difference. In another possible implementation, the terminal device, upon determining that the currently acquired first timing difference between the first and second communication devices is less than (or not greater than) the fourth threshold, does not send information indicating the first timing difference.
  • the fourth threshold may be pre-configured in the terminal device, predefined by the protocol, or indicated by other communication devices (e.g., the first communication device).
  • a data transmission mode switch may be triggered when the first timing difference is greater than (or not less than) the fourth threshold, the terminal device reporting the timing difference at this time allows the first communication device to promptly determine whether a data transmission mode switch is necessary. Furthermore, this method avoids sending excessive timing differences, thus saving resource overhead.
  • the first information specifically includes information in various forms for indicating the first timing difference.
  • the information used to indicate the first timing difference may include/become: the first timing difference (e.g., the value of ⁇ T_new).
  • the information used to indicate the first timing difference may include/become: the difference between the first timing difference and the second timing difference (e.g., the value of ( ⁇ T_new - ⁇ T_old), or the value of ( ⁇ T_old - ⁇ T_new)).
  • the meaning of each parameter can be found in the foregoing description and will not be repeated here.
  • the second timing difference is a timing difference that has already been reported by the terminal device (e.g., the previous one).
  • the first communication device can determine the second timing difference through the instruction of the terminal device or according to a preset rule, and then determine the second timing difference based on the difference between the received first timing difference and the second timing difference.
  • the first information reported by the terminal device may also include other information, such as time information.
  • This time information may be expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), or it may be expressed as a frame number, subframe number, time slot, etc.
  • the time indicated by this time information may be the time point at which the terminal device measures the first timing difference (or time difference), or the time information corresponding to the first information reported by the terminal.
  • the first information includes information indicating the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the first communication device can determine the timing difference between the first and second communication devices corresponding to the current time based on the correlation between the timing difference and time. Further, based on the correlation between the timing difference and the data transmission mode, a first data transmission mode is determined. For example, when the timing difference is less than or equal to a first threshold, the first data transmission mode is the second mode; when the timing difference is greater than the first threshold, the first data transmission mode is either the first mode or the third mode.
  • the implementation method for the first communication device to determine the data transmission mode based on the timing difference can be found in the descriptions of the aforementioned implementations A1, A2, and A3, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can determine the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices based on its own location and the locations of the first and second communication devices.
  • the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device can be expressed by a first formula.
  • Information used to indicate the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device includes/is: the coefficient values in the first formula.
  • Figure 9 exemplifies a possible schematic diagram of the correlation between the timing difference and time between a first communication device and a second communication device.
  • Figure 9 shows a possible schematic diagram of how the timing difference between the first and second communication devices changes over time.
  • the dashed line in the figure represents the length of a first threshold (illustrated in the figure as the CP time length).
  • the timing difference between the first and second communication devices may be small in one time period, for example, less than the first threshold; larger in the next time period, for example, greater than the first threshold; and smaller in the following period, for example, less than the first threshold, as detailed in Figure 9.
  • the terminal device can predict the timing difference between the first and second communication devices based on its own location and the locations of the first and second communication devices, and obtain a first formula through curve fitting. Then, it sends the coefficient values of the first formula to the first communication device, so that the first communication device can obtain the first formula based on the acquired information, determine the timing difference corresponding to each time based on the first formula, and then determine the data transmission method corresponding to the terminal device based on the timing difference (for example, refer to the methods provided in the aforementioned embodiments A1, A2, or A3).
  • the terminal device can send the values of a, b, c, and d to the first communication device.
  • the first communication device can determine the timing difference based on the time and the formula; for example, the first communication device determines the timing difference corresponding to time t1 as (a * t13 + b * t12 + c* t1 + d) according to the formula.
  • the terminal device can also send a specific time information on the curve (e.g., carried in the first information) to the first communication device.
  • This time information can be represented using UTC, or it can be represented by a frame number, subframe number, time slot, etc.
  • the time indicated by this time information can be the time point at which the terminal device measures the first timing difference or the start time of the timing difference calculated using the formula. For example, this time is t0 .
  • the first communication device determines the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device does not need to determine the first data transmission method based on the first information.
  • steps 801 and 802 may also be omitted.
  • the first communication device can determine the first timing difference in other ways. For instance, the first communication device can determine the first timing difference based on the location information of the terminal device (or the location area information of the terminal device), the location information of the first communication device, and the location information of the second communication device. Then, the first communication device determines the first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the first timing difference and the data transmission mode. For example, when the timing difference is less than or equal to a first threshold, the first data transmission mode is the second mode; when the timing difference is greater than the first threshold, the first data transmission mode is the first mode or the third mode.
  • the implementation method for the first communication device to determine the data transmission mode based on the timing difference can be found in the descriptions of the aforementioned implementation methods A1, A2, and A3, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first communication device can determine the location information of the terminal device in various ways, such as based on information sent by the terminal device or other devices; or based on signals sent by the terminal device and/or signals sent by the first communication device; or the terminal reporting its own location information to the first communication device; or the location information of the terminal device being pre-configured on the first communication device side, etc.
  • the first communication device can determine the location information of the first communication device and the location information of the second communication device based on the ephemeris information of the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • Step 804 The first communication device sends information indicating the first data transmission method.
  • the terminal device receives information indicating the first data transmission method.
  • Step 805 The terminal device determines the first data transmission mode based on the information used to indicate the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device can determine the data transmission method for the terminal device. This can be done based on the first information reported by the terminal device, or on other information (such as the terminal device's location information).
  • the solution is quite flexible. Furthermore, the data transmission method determined using these methods closely matches the actual scenario, thereby improving the communication performance of the communication system.
  • Step 1001 The terminal device obtains the second information.
  • the second information may be information that assists the terminal device in determining the first data transmission method.
  • the second information may be indicated by other communication devices (such as the first communication device), or pre-configured on the terminal device side, or predefined by the protocol.
  • the second information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the correlation between the data transmission method and the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device; information indicating the correlation between the data transmission method and the time period; and information indicating the correlation between the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device and time.
  • the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device can be expressed as a first formula.
  • Information indicating the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices includes/is: coefficient values in the first formula.
  • Step 1002 The terminal device determines the first data transmission method based on the second information.
  • the terminal device determines the first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the data transmission mode and time period.
  • the terminal device determines the first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the data transmission mode and the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the terminal device determines the first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device and time.
  • the terminal device determines the first data transmission method based on the correlation between data transmission method and time period.
  • a terminal device there are several ways for a terminal device to obtain the correlation between data transmission method and time period. For example, it could be sent by another communication device (e.g., the first communication device); pre-configured on the terminal device side; pre-defined by the protocol; or determined by itself.
  • the first communication device there are several ways for the first communication device to obtain the correlation between data transmission method and time period. For example, it could be pre-configured on the first communication device side, sent by another communication device to the first communication device, pre-defined by the protocol, or determined by itself.
  • the first communication device can determine the correlation between the timing difference and time period between the first and second communication devices based on the location information of the terminal device, as well as the location information (or ephemeris information) of the first communication device and the location information (or ephemeris information) of the second communication device (see the relevant examples in Figures 7 and 9 above). Then, based on the correlation between the timing difference and data transmission method between the first and second communication devices, the correlation between the data transmission method and time period can be determined.
  • the first communication device can determine the location information of the terminal device in various ways, such as based on information sent by the terminal device or other devices; or based on signals sent by the terminal device and/or signals sent by the first communication device; or the location information of the terminal device may be pre-configured on the first communication device side, etc.
  • the terminal device acquires time information (e.g., current time information). Based on the association between data transmission method and time period, the terminal device determines the data transmission method associated with the time period to which the time indicated by the time information belongs as the first data transmission method.
  • time information e.g., current time information
  • Table 1 exemplify an example of the relationship between data transmission methods and time periods.
  • the relationship in Table 1 can be combined with Figure 7.
  • Table 1 when the index number of the relationship is 0, the relationship indicates that the first communication device and the second communication device jointly transmit data using the second method within the time period [t 10 , t 11 ).
  • Table 2 when the index number of the relationship is 1, the relationship indicates that the first communication device and the second communication device use the third method to transmit data within the time period [t 11 , t 12 ], that is, joint transmission is no longer performed within this time period, and the first communication device and the second communication device can send data to the terminal device on different resources.
  • the contents of the other rows in Tables 1 and 2 are similar and will not be described again.
  • Table 1 Examples of the relationship between data transmission methods and time periods.
  • the terminal device can determine which data transmission method to use based on time. This method can reduce the complexity of the solution on the terminal device side and save signaling overhead. Furthermore, since the terminal device only needs time information to determine the data transmission method, this solution can reduce the capability requirements of the terminal device and can also be applied to terminal devices with weaker capabilities (such as some terminal devices without positioning capabilities).
  • the data processing method adopted by the terminal device will also change.
  • the terminal device may also re-estimate the channel and re-report the channel status information.
  • the terminal device determines the first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the data transmission mode and the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the terminal device can obtain the correlation between the data transmission method and the timing difference between the first and second communication devices. For example, it could be sent by another communication device (such as the first communication device); pre-configured on the terminal device side; pre-defined by the protocol; or determined by the device itself.
  • the first communication device to obtain the correlation between the data transmission method and the timing difference between the first and second communication devices. For example, it could be pre-configured on the first communication device side, sent to the first communication device by another communication device, pre-defined by the protocol, or determined by the device itself.
  • the terminal device acquires a first timing difference. Based on the correlation between the data transmission method and the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device, the terminal device determines the data transmission method associated with the first timing difference as the first data transmission method.
  • the terminal device acquires the first timing difference; please refer to the relevant descriptions in the embodiment provided in Figure 8 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device determines the first data transmission mode based on the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • a terminal device can obtain the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices. For example, it could be sent by another communication device (such as the first communication device); pre-configured on the terminal device side; pre-defined by the protocol; or determined by the device itself. Similarly, the first communication device can determine the correlation between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices based on the location of the terminal device and the locations of both the first and second communication devices.
  • the relationship between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices can be expressed by a first formula.
  • Information indicating the relationship between the timing difference and time between the first and second communication devices includes the coefficient values in the first formula. The relevant content of the first formula is described above and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device acquires time information. Based on the correlation between the timing difference between the first and second communication devices and time, the terminal device determines the data transmission mode corresponding to the timing difference indicated by the time information as the first data transmission mode. For example, when the timing difference is less than or equal to a first threshold, the first data transmission mode is the second mode; when the timing difference is greater than the first threshold, the first data transmission mode is either the first mode or the third mode.
  • the implementation method for the first communication device to determine the data transmission mode based on the timing difference can be found in the descriptions of the aforementioned implementations A1, A2, and A3, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device may also acquire the first threshold.
  • the first threshold may be pre-configured on the terminal device side, defined by a protocol, or sent to the terminal device by other communication devices (such as the first communication device).
  • Step 1003 The terminal device sends information to the first communication device to indicate the first data transmission method.
  • the first communication device receives information indicating the first data transmission method.
  • the terminal device may also send information to the first communication device indicating a first moment, whereby the first moment is the time when the terminal device switches its data transmission mode to the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device can determine the moment when the terminal device switches to the first data transmission mode, and then, based on that moment, determine whether the terminal device's operation of switching the data transmission mode is reasonable.
  • the terminal device can determine multiple times for switching data transmission modes (e.g., times t11 and t12 in Figure 7), such as the time when the terminal device switches the data transmission mode to a second data transmission mode, or the time when the terminal device switches the data transmission mode to another data transmission mode.
  • the terminal device can send information indicating these times to the first communication device, so that the first communication device can then determine whether the terminal device's operation of switching data transmission modes is reasonable based on the information of these times.
  • Step 1004 The first communication device sends response information indicating the first data transmission mode.
  • the terminal device receives response information from the first communication device for indicating the first data transmission method.
  • the response information used to indicate the first data transmission method can indicate whether the terminal device is allowed or not allowed to use the first data transmission method corresponding to the information indicating the first data transmission method reported by the terminal device in step 1003 for data transmission.
  • the terminal device determines to use the first data transmission method for data transmission.
  • the terminal device does not use the first data transmission method corresponding to the information indicating the first data transmission method reported by the terminal device in step 1003 for data transmission.
  • the terminal device can also redetermine the data transmission method (for example, redetermine a new data transmission method based on the embodiment provided in FIG9).
  • the first communication device redetermines the data transmission method (for example, by means of the embodiment provided in FIG8 above) and instructs it to the terminal device.
  • the response information used to indicate the first data transmission method can be an acknowledgment (ACK).
  • the response information used to indicate the first data transmission method can include information indicating the first data transmission method.
  • the response information used to indicate the first data transmission method can be considered as indicating that the first data transmission method is permitted.
  • the response information used to indicate the first data transmission mode can be NACK, which indicates that the first communication device does not accept the terminal device's suggestion.
  • NACK negative acknowledgement
  • a negative acknowledgement may indicate that the first communication device does not accept the terminal device's suggested first data transmission mode (in which case, the terminal device cannot use the first data transmission mode for communication), and/or that the first communication device does not accept the terminal device's suggested time for switching the data transmission mode (e.g., the first communication device does not accept the first moment, in which case, the terminal device cannot switch the data transmission mode at the first moment).
  • the first communication device after receiving information from the terminal device indicating a first data transmission mode, the first communication device does not accept the terminal device's suggestion.
  • the first communication device may also send a new instruction to the terminal device. For example, if the first communication device does not accept the terminal device's suggested first data transmission mode, it may send information to the terminal device indicating another data transmission mode (e.g., a third data transmission mode).
  • the third data transmission mode is one of the first, second, and third modes that differs from the first data transmission mode.
  • the first communication device may send information to the terminal device indicating a new time for switching data transmission modes (e.g., a second time, different from the first time).
  • the information sent by the first communication device indicating other data transmission modes and/or indicating a new time for switching data transmission modes can be carried in one signaling message or multiple signaling messages.
  • the information sent by the first communication device indicating other data transmission modes and/or indicating a new time for switching data transmission modes can be carried in the response information involved in step 1004, or it may not be carried in the response information.
  • step 1003 can be understood as the terminal device sending a data transmission method suggested by the terminal device to the first communication device, and the first communication device needs to determine whether to accept the suggestion.
  • step 1003 is executed, while step 1004 is not executed.
  • step 1003 can be understood as the information sent by the terminal device to the first communication device to indicate the first data transmission method being a notification message.
  • the first communication device uses the first data transmission method notified by the terminal device to transmit data.
  • step 1003 is not executed, nor is step 1004.
  • the terminal device no longer needs to report the data transmission method determined by the terminal device to the first communication device.
  • the first communication device may determine the first data transmission mode based on information reported by the terminal device, or based on other methods, such as determining the first data transmission mode based on the embodiment provided in FIG8.
  • the first communication device may determine the first data transmission mode based on second information, such as information indicated by the first communication device to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can determine the data transmission method on its own. This scheme can reduce the workload of the first communication device and also save signaling overhead.
  • the information that the first communication device needs to send (such as information indicating the first data transmission method, second information, response information indicating the first data transmission method, a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, and a fourth threshold, etc.) can be carried in at least one of the broadcast information of system information block (SIB) 1, other system information (OSI), and main system information block (MIB), and is broadcast or multicast by the first communication device to the terminal device.
  • SIB system information block
  • OSI system information
  • MIB main system information block
  • the first communication device sends information (such as information indicating a first data transmission mode, second information, response information indicating the first data transmission mode, a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, and a fourth threshold, etc.) during the radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment phase and subsequent communication
  • this information can be carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling (e.g., RRC setup message, RRC reconfiguration message, RRC resume message, etc.), downlink control information (DCI), group DCI, and media access control (MAC) control element (CE).
  • RRC signaling e.g., RRC setup message, RRC reconfiguration message, RRC resume message, etc.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • group DCI group DCI
  • CE media access control
  • This information can be indicated by signaling or by a table.
  • the information that the first communication device needs to send can be transmitted with the data or carried in a separately allocated physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • the information that the first communication device needs to indicate can be sent via unicast or multicast. In this way, the information corresponding to each/group of terminal devices can be flexibly controlled.
  • the first communication device, the second communication device, and the terminal device may include hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.
  • this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • Figures 11, 12, and 13 are schematic diagrams of possible communication devices provided in embodiments of this application. These communication devices shown in Figures 11, 12, and 13 can be used to implement the functions of the terminal device, the first communication device, or the second communication device in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device can be a terminal device as shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, or 1G; it can also be a network device (such as a satellite device or a network device deployed on the ground) as shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, or 1G; or it can be a chip (or chip system) applied to the terminal device or network device shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, or 1G.
  • a network device such as a satellite device or a network device deployed on the ground
  • chip or chip system
  • the communication device 1300 includes a processing unit 1310 and a transceiver unit 1320.
  • the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device, the first communication device, or the second communication device in the method embodiments shown in Figures 2, 8, or 10.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 can also be referred to as a communication unit.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to determine a first data transmission mode, and based on the first data transmission mode, to transmit data with the first communication device and/or the second communication device through the transceiver unit 1320.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to switch from the second data transmission mode to the first data transmission mode.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to receive information indicating a first data transmission mode through the transceiver unit 1320, and determine the first data transmission mode based on the information indicating the first data transmission mode.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to obtain first information and send the first information to the first communication device through the transceiver unit 1320.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to: send first information to the first communication device when it is determined that the absolute value of the difference between the first timing difference and the second timing difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to: send first information to the first communication device when the first timing difference is less than the third threshold.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to: send first information to the first communication device when the first timing difference is greater than the fourth threshold.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to acquire second information and determine the first data transmission mode based on the second information.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to obtain a first timing difference and determine the data transmission mode associated with the first timing difference as the first data transmission mode according to the correlation between the data transmission mode and the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to acquire time information and determine the data transmission mode associated with the time period to which the time indicated by the time information belongs as the first data transmission mode according to the correlation between the data transmission mode and the time period.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to acquire time information and determine the data transmission mode corresponding to the time correlation of the time information indicated by the time information as the first data transmission mode according to the correlation relationship between the timing difference between the first communication device and the second communication device and time.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to determine a first timing difference based on the received signal from the first communication device and the signal from the second communication device.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to determine the first timing difference based on the obtained location information of the terminal device, the location information of the first communication device and the location information of the second communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to send information indicating the first data transmission mode to the first communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to receive response information from the first communication device for indicating the first data transmission mode.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to receive second information.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to determine the first data transmission mode, and transmit data with the terminal device through the transceiver unit 1320 based on the first data transmission mode.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to switch from the second data transmission mode to the first data transmission mode.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to send information for indicating the first data transmission mode.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to receive first information through the transceiver unit 1320 and determine the first data transmission mode based on the first information.
  • the processing unit 1310 is used to receive information indicating the first data transmission mode through the transceiver unit 1320.
  • the first data transmission mode is determined based on the information used to indicate the first data transmission mode.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to send second information.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to send response information for indicating the first data transmission mode, and the response information for indicating the first data transmission mode indicates that the terminal device is allowed to use the first data transmission mode to transmit data.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to send information indicating the first data transmission mode to the second communication device.
  • the transceiver unit 1320 is used to receive information indicating a first data transmission mode, and to transmit data with the terminal device based on the first data transmission mode.
  • processing unit 1310 and the transceiver unit 1320 please refer to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments shown in Figures 2, 8 or 10.
  • the communication device 1400 includes a processor 1410 and an interface circuit 1420.
  • the processor 1410 and the interface circuit 1420 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 1420 can be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the input/output interface is used for inputting and/or outputting information; output can be understood as sending, and input can be understood as receiving.
  • the communication device 1400 may also include a memory 1430 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1410, or storing input data required by the processor 1410 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 1410 executes instructions.
  • the processor 1410 is used to implement the function of the processing unit 1310
  • the interface circuit 1420 is used to implement the function of the transceiver unit 1320.
  • the communication device shown in Figure 13 can also be a schematic diagram of a possible baseband architecture.
  • the communication device may include a processing system, which may include one or more processors.
  • the processors can be used to execute processes, such as process #1...process #N shown in Figure 13.
  • a processing system can be implemented using a bus architecture, typically represented by a bus.
  • a bus can include any number of interconnect buses and bridges, depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of the processing system.
  • the bus communicatively couples various circuits together, including one or more processors (typically represented by a processor), memory, and computer-readable media (typically represented by computer-readable media, such as computer-readable media #1...computer-readable media #N shown in Figure 13).
  • the bus can also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further.
  • the bus interface provides the interface between the bus and transceivers, and between the bus and the interface.
  • the communication device may also include a transceiver (not shown in Figure 13), which may be replaced by interface circuitry or a communication interface, etc.
  • the transceiver provides a communication interface or means for communicating with various other devices via a wireless transmission medium.
  • the transceiver may be coupled to an antenna array, and the transceiver and antenna array may be used together for communication with a corresponding network type.
  • At least one interface e.g., a network interface and/or a user interface provides a communication interface or means for communication via an internal bus or via an external transmission medium.
  • the processor is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including executing software stored on a computer-readable medium.
  • the processor executes the software, it causes the processing system to perform the various functions described below for any particular device.
  • Functions that can be implemented by the processor, memory, and computer-readable medium may include: encoding, decoding, rate matching, rate dematching, scrambling, descrambling, modulation, demodulation, layer mapping, fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), precoding, resource element (RE) mapping, channel equalization, RE demapping, digital beamforming (BF), adding CP, removing CP, and one or more of the following.
  • the signaling involved in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by a processor, a memory, and a computer-readable medium.
  • the aforementioned signaling sent by the first communication device (e.g., a satellite device) to the terminal device is processed by the processor, memory, and computer-readable medium shown in FIG13 after the aforementioned parameters are processed, and then sent to the terminal device.
  • the processing system is used to implement the function of the processing unit 1310
  • the transceiver is used to implement the function of the transceiver unit 1320.
  • the terminal chip When the aforementioned communication device (e.g., the communication device shown in Figures 11, 12, or 13) is a chip applied to a terminal, the terminal chip implements the functions of the terminal device in the above method embodiments.
  • the terminal chip receives information from a base station, which can be understood as the information being first received by other modules in the terminal (such as an RF module or antenna), and then sent to the terminal chip by these modules.
  • the terminal chip sends information to the base station, which can be understood as the information being first sent to other modules in the terminal (such as an RF module or antenna), and then sent to the base station by these modules.
  • the base station chip When the aforementioned communication device (e.g., the communication device shown in Figures 11, 12, or 13) is a chip applied to a base station (e.g., a satellite base station), the base station chip implements the functions of the network device in the above method embodiments.
  • the base station chip receives information from the terminal, which can be understood as the information being first received by other modules in the base station (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and then sent to the base station chip by these modules.
  • the base station chip sends information to the terminal, which can be understood as the information being sent down to other modules in the base station (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and then sent to the terminal by these modules.
  • Entities A and B can be RAN nodes or terminals, or modules within RAN nodes or terminals. Information transmission and reception can be between RAN nodes and terminals, such as between a base station and a terminal; between two RAN nodes, such as between a CU and a DU; or between different modules within a single device, such as between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or between a base station chip and other modules of the base station.
  • processor 1410 in FIG. 12 and/or the processor in the processing system in FIG. 13 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • DSP digital signal processors
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuits
  • FPGAs field-programmable gate arrays
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions executable by a processor.
  • the software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or any other form of storage medium well known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a base station or terminal.
  • the processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in a base station or terminal.
  • implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When a computer program or instruction is loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions of the embodiments of this application are performed.
  • the computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another.
  • a computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media.
  • the available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or may include both types of storage media.
  • At least one means one or more, and “more than one” means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates an “or” relationship between the preceding and following related objects; in the formulas of this application, the character “/” indicates a “division” relationship between the preceding and following related objects.
  • “Including at least one of A, B, and C” can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B, and C.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品，用于提高通信系统性能。本申请中，终端装置确定第一数据传输方式，所述第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联。基于所述第一数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置和/或所述第二通信装置进行数据传输。由于第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联，因此本申请中可以基于更优的数据传输方式进行数据传输，继而提高通信性能。

Description

一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2024年04月26日提交中华人民共和国国家知识产权局、申请号为202410522046.3、申请名称为“一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品。
背景技术
目前，第五代移动网络(the 5th generation，5G)新空口(new radio，NR)技术正在从版本(revision，R)18版本演进到R19版本。与此同时，NR技术也从标准化阶段进入到商业部署阶段。NR标准协议可以为地面蜂窝网络场景设计的无线通信技术，能够为用户提供超低时延、超可靠性、超高速率、超量连接的无线通信服务。相比于陆地通信，非陆地网络(non-terrestrial networks，NTN)通信具有覆盖区域大、组网灵活等特点，可以做到全球网络无缝覆盖。NTN通信包括利用无人机、高空平台、卫星等设备进行组网，为用户终端(user equipment，UE)提供数据传输、语音通信等服务。如何提高通信性能是目前亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品，用于基于第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差确定数据传输方式，从而可以提高通信性能。
第一方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端装置执行。终端装置可以包括终端设备或终端设备内部的芯片系统。
终端装置确定第一数据传输方式，第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联。终端装置基于第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置和/或第二通信装置进行数据传输。
由于第一数据传输方式可以与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联，因此终端装置可以基于更具有优势的数据传输方式，继而提高通信性能。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置可以与多个通信装置通信。例如，终端装置可能与一个通信装置建立无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接，与其他通信装置未建立RRC连接。例如与终端装置建立RRC连接的通信装置可以称为主通信装置，与终端装置未建立RRC连接的通信装置可以称为辅通信装置。主通信装置与一个或多个辅通信装置可以在相同的资源上向同一个终端装置发送相同或不同的数据。该方案可以提高通信系统性能和/或吞吐量。一种可能的实施方式中，本申请中涉及到的“相同的资源”可以替换为相同的时域资源，也可以替换为相同的频域资源，或者替换为相同的时域资源和相同的频域资源。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置与第一通信装置建立RRC连接，终端装置与第二通信装置未建立RRC连接。该示例中，第一通信装置可以视为主通信装置，第二通信装置可以视为辅通信装置。主通信装置和辅通信装置可以向终端装置发送数据，可以分别单独向终端装置发送数据，也可以联合向终端装置发送数据。例如主通信装置和辅通信装置可以在相同的资源上向终端装置发送数据，主通信装置和辅通信装置发送的数据可以相同或不同。该方案可以提高通信系统的性能和/或吞吐量。辅通信装置向终端装置发送的数据和资源可以由主通信装置来通知，或者由其他装置来通知，或者由辅通信装置根据预设规则确定。主通信装置和辅通信装置也可以在不同的资源上向终端装置发送数据。本申请中涉及到的“不同的资源”可以替换为不同的时域资源，也可以替换为不同的频域资源，也可以替换为不同的时域资源和/或不同的频域资源。
本申请中，第一通信装置、第二通信装置与终端装置之间的数据传输方式有多种。各个数据传输传输方式有各自的特点。
例如第一数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式或第三方式。第一方式和第二方式下，第一通信装置和第二通信装置在相同资源上向终端装置发送数据。在第一方式下，终端装置可以与第一通信装置和第二通信装置分别建立定时同步。在第二方式下，终端装置可以与第一通信装置或第二通信装置建立定时同步。在第二方式下，终端装置也可以与第一通信装置和第二通信装置建立定时同步。也就是说，在第二方式下，终端装置可以与至少一个通信装置建立定时同步，而在第一方式中，终端装置需要与第一通信装置和第二通信装置分别建立定时同步。由于第一方式下终端装置可以与第一通信装置和第二通信装置分别建立定时同步，因此第一方式也支持第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的场景，也支持等于第一阈值和小于第一阈值的场景。由于第二方式下终端装置可以与第一通信装置和第二通信装置中的一个建立定时同步，因此第二方式不支持第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的场景，第二方式可以支持第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的场景。第二方式可以支持或不支持第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值等于第一阈值的场景。
本申请中第一阈值可以为能够指示出一个时长的信息。例如第一阈值为：循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)长度，或为CP的时间长度，或为基于CP长度确定的时间长度(例如，第一阈值为基于CP长度进行计算得到的值，例如第一阈值为CP长度加或减一个调整值；又例如，第一阈值为CP的长度和一个预设值的乘积)。
又一种可能的实施方式中，第一方式中，当第一通信装置和第二通信装置基于第一方式进行数据传输，第一通信装置和第二通信装置在相同资源上向终端装置发送的数据可以相同，也可以不同；若不同，则可以提高数据传输效率，从而提高通信系统的吞吐量；若相同，则可以提高数据传输可靠性，进而可提高通信吞吐量。在第一方式下，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以协商或由其他通信装置指示二者向终端装置发送的数据以及数据所占用的资源。
又一种可能的实施方式中，第二方式中，当第一通信装置和第二通信装置基于第二方式进行数据传输，第一通信装置和第二通信装置在相同资源上向终端装置发送的数据相同，从而可以提高数据传输可靠性，进而可提高通信吞吐量。在第二方式下，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以协商或由其他通信装置指示二者向终端装置发送的数据以及数据所占用的资源。
又一种可能的实施方式中，第三方式中，第一通信装置或第二通信装置向终端装置发送数据。在第三方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以不联合向终端装置发送数据，可以单独向终端装置发送数据。例如，第三方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置在不同资源上向终端装置发送数据。第三方式可以支持第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于、等于或小于第一阈值的场景。
通过上述内容可以看出，不同的数据传输方式有不同的特点，本申请中数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联，继而终端装置可以基于更优的数据传输方式，从而提高通信性能，
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第一方式，如此，可以提高通信系统的吞吐量。或者，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式也可以为第三方式。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下第一数据传输方式为第二方式，如此，可以提高通信系统的吞吐量。或者，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下第一数据传输方式为第三方式。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值等于第一阈值的情况下，第一数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式或第三方式。如此可以提高方案的灵活性。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置从第二数据传输方式切换为第一数据传输方式。其中，第二数据传输方式与第一数据传输方式不同，第二数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式和第三方式中与第一数据传输方式不同的一种方式。如此，终端装置可以基于第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差切换数据传输方式。相比终端装置始终使用一种数据传输方式的方案而言，本申请提供的方案中，终端装置可以在不同情况下，采用更加合理的数据传输方式，继而可以提高通信性能。
本申请实施例中，终端装置确定第一数据传输方式的方案有多种，例如方案一中，第一通信装置可以确定出第一数据传输方式，并向终端装置指示。方案二中，终端装置可以确定出第一数据传输方式。下面分别对两种方案进行介绍。
方案一，第一通信装置可以确定出第一数据传输方式，并向终端装置指示。
例如，终端装置接收来自其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)的用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。终端装置根据用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息，确定第一数据传输方式。由于第一通信装置可以向终端装置指示第一数据传输方式，因此该方案可以降低终端装置侧的方案复杂度，节省终端装置侧的电量开销。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置获取第一信息，第一信息用于确定第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。终端装置向第一通信装置发送第一信息。如此，第一通信装置可以基于第一信息确定出更加准确的第一数据传输方式。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一信息包括：用于指示第一定时差的信息，第一定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。又一种可能的实施方式中，第一信息包括：用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。如此，第一通信装置基于第一信息获取第一定时差时，可以更加准确，且更加简便。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系可以表示为第一公式。用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息，包括：第一公式中的系数值。如此，终端装置向第一通信装置发送的信息量较少，从而可以节省信令开销。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置在确定第一定时差与第二定时差之间的差值的绝对值大于或等于第二阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息；其中，第一定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置在第一时刻的定时之间的差，第二定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置在第二时刻的定时之间的差，第一时刻晚于第二时刻。第二定时差可以为终端装置获取的前一个第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时之间的差(例如第二定时差)，或者第二定时差为终端装置上一次上报(例如向第一通信装置上报)的定时差。又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置在第一定时差小于第三阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置在第一定时差大于第四阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。如此可以减少终端装置发送的第一通信装置和第二通行装置之间的定时差的数量，从而可以节省资源开销。
方案二，终端装置可以确定出第一数据传输方式。
例如，终端装置获取第二信息。终端装置根据第二信息确定第一数据传输方式。其中，第二信息包括以下至少一项：用于指示数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系的信息；用于指示数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系的信息；用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系包括第一数据传输方式关联的时间段。由于终端装置可以基于第二信息确定出第一数据传输方式，因此该方案可以降低第一通信装置侧的方案复杂度，降低第一通信装置侧工作负荷。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置获取第一定时差，根据数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系，将第一定时差关联的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式，第一定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置获取时间信息，根据数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系，将时间信息指示的时间所属的时间段关联的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置获取时间信息，根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系，将时间信息指示的时间关联的定时差对应的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。上述几种方式中，终端装置可以基于第一定时差或时间信息确定第一数据传输方式，这些方案中对终端装置的能力要求较低，因此该方案也可以适用于能力较弱(例如没有定位能力的终端装置)的终端装置，从而可以扩大方案的适用范围。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置向第一通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。如此，终端装置可以通知第一通信装置自身所确定出的第一数据传输方式，以便第一通信装置和终端装置使用相同的数据传输方式。
一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置接收来自第一通信装置的用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息，用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示允许终端装置使用第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。如此，第一通信装置可以判断是否允许第一通信装置使用该第一数据传输方式，该方案中第一通信装置还可以对终端装置的决策进行评估，从而可以提高决策的正确性和合理性。
一种可能的实施方式中，第二信息可以是预先配置在终端装置侧，或协议定义的，或者由其他通信装置发送的。例如，终端装置接收第二信息。如此可以提高方案的灵活性。
在上述方案一和/或方案二中，一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置根据接收到的来自第一通信装置的信号，以及来自第二通信装置的信号，确定第一定时差。又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置根据获取到的终端装置的位置信息、第一通信装置的位置信息以及第二通信装置的位置信息，确定第一定时差。如此可以提高方案的灵活性。
第二方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由第一通信装置执行。第一通信装置可以包括网络设备或网络设备内部的芯片系统。例如，第一通信装置可以包括卫星装置或卫星装置内部的芯片(或芯片系统)。又例如，第一通信装置可以包括地面站或地面站内部的芯片(或芯片系统)。地面站例如可以包括部署于地面的网络设备(例如接入网设备)。
第一通信装置确定第一数据传输方式，第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联。第一通信装置基于第一数据传输方式与终端装置进行数据传输。由于第一数据传输方式可以与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联，因此终端装置可以基于更具有优势的数据传输方式，继而提高通信性能。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式或第三方式。第一方式、第二方式和第三方式的描述参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的相关介绍和有益效果，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第一方式或第三方式。又一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第二方式。又一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值等于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式或第三方式。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置从第二数据传输方式切换为第一数据传输方式。其中，第二数据传输方式与第一数据传输方式不同，第二数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式和第三方式中与第一数据传输方式不同的一种方式。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置接收第一信息，第一信息用于确定第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。第一通信装置根据第一信息确定第一数据传输方式。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一信息包括：用于指示第一定时差的信息，第一定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。又一种可能的实施方式中，第一信息包括：用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系可以表示为第一公式。用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息，包括：第一公式中的系数值。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置根据数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系，将第一定时差关联的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式，第一定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置获取时间信息，根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系，将时间信息指示的时间关联的定时差对应的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。上述几种方式中，第一通信装置可以基于第一定时差或时间信息确定第一数据传输方式，这些方案中可以降低第一通信装置侧的方案复杂度。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置接收用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。第一通信装置根据用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息，确定第一数据传输方式。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置发送第二信息，第二信息用于确定第一数据传输方式。其中，第二信息包括以下至少一项：用于指示数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系的信息；用于指示数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系的信息；用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系包括第一数据传输方式关联的时间段。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息，用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示允许终端装置使用第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。相关介绍和有益效果参见前述第一方面的可能的实施方式中的描述，不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由第二通信装置执行。第二通信装置可以包括网络设备或网络设备内部的芯片系统。例如，第二通信装置可以包括卫星装置或卫星装置内部的芯片(或芯片系统)。又例如，第二通信装置可以包括地面站或地面站内部的芯片(或芯片系统)。地面站例如可以包括部署于地面的网络设备(例如接入网设备)。
第二通信装置接收用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。第二通信装置基于第一数据传输方式，与终端装置进行数据传输。由于第一数据传输方式可以与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联，因此终端装置可以基于更具有优势的数据传输方式，继而提高通信性能。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为前述终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置。该通信装置可以包括通信单元和处理单元，以执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或执行第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式。通信单元用于执行与发送和接收相关的功能。通信单元可以称为收发单元。可选地，通信单元包括接收单元和发送单元。在一种设计中，通信装置为通信芯片，处理单元可以是一个或多个处理器或处理器核心，通信单元可以为通信芯片的输入输出电路、输入输出接口或者天线端口。
在另一种设计中，通信单元可以为发射器和接收器，或者通信单元为发射机和接收机。
可选的，通信装置还包括可用于执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或执行第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式的各个模块。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为前述终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置。该通信装置可以包括处理器和存储器，以执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或执行第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式。可选的，还包括收发器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序或指令，当处理器执行存储器中的计算机程序或指令时，使得该通信装置执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或执行第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式。
可选的，处理器为一个或多个，存储器为一个或多个。
可选的，存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，或者存储器与处理器分离设置。
可选的，收发器中可以包括，发射机(发射器)和接收机(接收器)。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为前述终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置。该通信装置可以包括处理器，以执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或执行第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式。该处理器与存储器耦合。可选地，该通信装置还包括存储器。可选地，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该通信装置为终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置时，通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。可选地，收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
在又一种实现方式中，当该通信装置为芯片或芯片系统时，通信接口可以是该芯片或芯片系统上的输入/输出接口、接口电路、输出电路、输入电路、管脚或相关电路等。处理器也可以体现为处理电路或逻辑电路。
第七方面，提供了一种系统，系统包括上述终端装置。
一种可能的实现方式中，该系统还可以包括第一通信装置和第二通信装置。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或执行第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或执行第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式。
第十方面，提供了一种处理装置，包括：接口电路和处理电路。接口电路可以包括输入电路和输出电路。处理电路用于通过输入电路接收信号，并通过输出电路发射信号，使得上述第一方面至第三方面中的任一方面，或第一方面至第三方面的任一种可能的实施方式被实现。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理装置可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
在一种实现方式中，当通信装置是终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置。接口电路可以为终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置中的射频处理芯片，处理电路可以为终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置中的基带处理芯片。
在又一种实现方式中，通信装置可以是终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置中的部分器件，如系统芯片或通信芯片等集成电路产品。接口电路可以为该芯片或芯片系统上的输入/输出接口、接口电路、输出电路、输入电路、管脚或相关电路等。处理电路可以为该芯片上的逻辑电路。
附图说明
图1A为本申请适用的一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图1B为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图1C为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图1D为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图1E为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图1F为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图1G为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的可能的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种可能的多个通信装置传输的信息的到达终端装置的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种可能的终端装置获取数据的方法流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的又一种可能的多个通信装置传输的信息的到达终端装置的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的定时差与时间之间的关联关系的一种可能的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的可能的流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的时间和定时差之间的关联关系的又一种可能的示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的可能的流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的一种结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的另一种结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的另一种结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请实施例涉及到的术语和名词进行介绍。
(1)资源。
本申请实施例中的资源比如可以包括时域资源和/或频域资源。
(1.1)时域资源。
时域资源可以包括无线帧、子帧、时隙(slot)、微时隙(mini slot)或者符号(symbol)(例如，正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)、例如离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)扩展OFDM(DFT-spread OFDM，DFT-S-OFDM)，正交化时频空域(orthogonal time frequency and space，OTFS)等)中的至少一项。
一个时域单元可以包括一个无线帧、一个子帧、一个时隙(slot)、一个微时隙(mini slot)或者一个OFDM符号(symbol)。一个时域单元还可以包括由多个无线帧或多个子帧或多个时隙或多个微时隙或多个OFDM符号聚合组成的资源。其中，一个无线帧可以包括多个子帧，一个子帧可以包括一个或多个时隙，一个时隙可以包括至少一个符号。或者，一个无线帧可以包括多个时隙，一个时隙可以包括至少一个符号。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，一个OFDM符号也可以简称为一个符号。
根据子载波间隔不同，每个符号长度可以不同，因此时隙长度可以不同。例如15kHz的子载波间隔对应的一个时隙的长度为0.5ms，60kHz的子载波间隔对应的一个时隙的长度为0.125ms，等等。
本申请实施例中，时域单元也可以替换为：时域资源单元或时域单元等。
(1.2)频域资源。
在频域上，频域资源可以包括一个或多个频域单元。其中，一个频域单元可以是一个资源块(resource block，RB)、一个物理资源块(physical resource block，PRB)、一个子载波(subcarrier)、一个资源块组(resource block group，RBG)、一个预定义的子带(subband)、一个预编码资源块组(precoding resource block group，PRG)、资源池(resource pool)、一个带宽部分(bandwidth part，BWP)、一个资源元素(resource element，RE)(也可称资源单元或资源粒子)、一个载波、一个服务小区。其中，PRB和RB可以互相替换。可选的，资源池可以包括一个或多个资源，这些资源可以包括时域资源、频域资源、码域资源或空域资源中的至少一项。资源池中包括的资源数量和大小，可以是预定的或信令配置的。
子载波或RE都是指的多载波系统中，在特定的符号上的一个最小的频域单元。子载波间隔(sub-carrier spacing，SCS)是OFDM系统中，频域上相邻的两个子载波的中心位置或峰值位置之间的间隔值。在5G NR中，引入了多种子载波间隔，不同的载波可以有不同的子载波间隔。基线为15kHz，可以是15kHz×2n，n是整数，从3.75、7.5直到480kHz。本申请实施例中RE可以是指时频资源的资源单位，比如可以视为最小的时频资源单位。在本申请中，子载波和RE可以互用，其内含相同。
子信道，是物理侧行共享信道占用频域资源的最小单位，一个子信道可以包括一个或多个资源块(resource block，RB)。无线通信系统在频域上的带宽可以包括多个RB，例如，在LTE系统的各可能的带宽中，包括的物理资源块(physical resource block，PRB)可以为6个、15个、25个、50个等。在频域上，一个RB可以包括若干个子载波，例如，在LTE系统中，一个RB包括12个子载波，其中，每个子载波间隔可以为15kHz，当然，也可以采用其他子载波间隔，例如3.75kHz、30kHz、60kHz或120kHz子载波间隔，在此不作限制。
一个频域单元可以包括一个RE、一个RB、一个信道、一个子信道(sub channel)、一个载波(carrier)，或一个部分带宽(BWP，bandwidth part)等。一个频域单元还可以包括由多个RE或多个RB或多个子信道或多个载波或多个BWP聚合组成的资源。本申请实施例中，信道可以等价替换为资源块集(resource block set，RB set)，一个RB set的频域带宽可以是20兆赫兹(mega hertz，MHz)。
本申请实施例中，频域单元也可以替换为：频域资源单元或频率单元等。
一个频域资源集可以包括一个或多个频域单元。频域资源集也可以称为频域资源集合、频域资源组等。一个频域资源集例如可以包括资源块集(resource block set，RBset)、一个RB、一个子信道、一个资源池、一个载波、一个BWP。
(2)参考信号。
本申请实施例中的参考信号可以包括定位参考信号(positioning reference signal，PRS)、探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)、信道状态信息参考信号(channel state information reference signal，CSI-RS)、解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)、相位跟踪参考信号(phase-tracking reference signals，PTRS)，或同步信号-物理层侧行广播信道块(synchronization signal and physical sidelink broadcast channel block，SSB)中的至少一项。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：地面通信系统，NTN通信系统，例如卫星通信系统。其中，卫星通信系统可以与移动通信系统相融合。例如：移动通信系统可以为第四代(4th Generation，4G)通信系统(例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统)，全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统，第五代(5th Generation，5G)通信系统(例如，新无线(new radio，NR)系统)，及未来的移动通信系统等。移动通信系统还可以为车到万物(vehicle to everything，V2X)系统，物联网(internet of things，IoT)系统。
图1A示例性示出了本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统1000的架构示意图。如图1A所示，该通信系统包括无线接入网100和核心网200，可选的，通信系统1000还可以包括互联网300。其中，无线接入网100可以包括至少一个无线接入网设备(如图1A中的110a和110b)，还可以包括至少一个终端设备(如图1A中的120a-120j)。终端设备通过无线的方式与无线接入网设备相连，无线接入网设备通过无线或有线方式与核心网连接。核心网设备与无线接入网设备可以是独立的不同的物理设备，也可以是将核心网设备的功能与无线接入网设备的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上，还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备的功能和部分的无线接入网设备的功能。终端设备和终端设备之间以及无线接入网设备和无线接入网设备之间可以通过有线或无线的方式相互连接。图1A只是示意图，该通信系统中还可以包括其它网络设备，如还可以包括无线中继设备和无线回传设备，在图1A中未画出。
本申请实施例中所涉及的网络设备，例如包括无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备。无线接入网设备可以是基站(base station)、演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNodeB)、发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、发送节点(transmission point，TP)，第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)未来移动通信系统中的基站或WiFi系统中的接入节点等；也可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，还可以是无线单元(radio unit，RU)。这里的CU完成基站的无线资源控制协议和分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)的功能，还可以完成业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)的功能；DU完成基站的无线链路控制层和介质访问控制(medium access control，MAC)层的功能，还可以完成部分物理层或全部物理层的功能，有关上述各个协议层的具体描述，可以参考第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)的相关技术规范。CU和DU可以是单独设置，或者也可以包括在同一个网元中，例如基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)中。RU可以包括在射频设备或者射频单元中，例如包括在射频拉远单元(remote radio unit，RRU)、有源天线处理单元(active antenna unit，AAU)或远程射频头(remote radio head，RRH)中。在不同系统中，CU、DU或RU也可以有不同的名称，但是本领域的技术人员可以理解其含义。例如，在开放式无线接入网(open radio access network，ORAN)系统中，CU也可以称为开放式CU(open-CU，O-CU)，DU也可以称为开放式DU(open-DU，O-DU)，RU也可以称为开放式RU(open-RU，O-RU)。本申请中的CU(或CU控制面(CU control plane，CU-CP)、CU用户面(CU user plane，CU-UP)、DU和RU中的任一单元，可以是通过软件模块、硬件模块、或者软件模块与硬件模块结合来实现。CU-CP也可以称为开放式CU-CP(open-CU-CP，O-CU-CP)，CU-UP也可以称为开放式CU-UP(open-CU-UP，O-CU-UP)。
图1B示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种O-RAN系统架构示意图。本申请提供的实施例中O-RAN系统可以包括图1B中所示的组件之外的其他组件。如图1B所示，接入网设备(RAN，例如可以是eNB或gNB或下一代接入网设备)通过回传链路(Backhaul)与核心网(core network，CN)通信，通过空口与用户设备(user equipment，UE)通信。例如，接入网设备中的基带单元(Baseband Unit，BBU)通过回传链路(Backhaul)与核心网通信，接入网设备中的射频单元(Radio Unit，RU)通过空口与至少一个UE通信。BBU通过前传链路与至少一个RU通信，BBU和RU可以是共址的，也可以不是共址的。BBU包括至少一个控制单元(Control Unit，CU)和至少一个分布式单元(Distributed Unit，DU)，它们可以通过至少一个中传链路(Midhaul)进行通信。本申请实施例中第一通信装置可以向终端装置(例如UE)配置辅通信装置的信息，还可以向终端装置发送用于激活或去激活一个或多个通信装置的信令等，这些信令的发送可以由第一通信装置中的CU和/或DU向终端装置发送。
图1C示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种O-RAN系统架构示意图。如图1C所示，O-RAN可以包括O-CU-CP、O-CU-UP、O-DU以及O-RU。该系统架构还可以包括开放式云(O-cloud)、服务管理以及编配架构(service management and orchestration framework)、开放式eNB(open eNB，O-eNB)以及近(near)-实时(real time，RT)无线接入网智能控制接入器(RAN Intelligent Controller，RIC)和非(non)-实时(real time)RIC。非(non)-RT RIC可以实现对多个O-CU-CP、O-CU-UP、DU或O-eNB中的至少一项的无线资源的监控、配置、管理和控制。如图1C所示，3GPP定义的接口例如包括：E1，F1(例如F1-c、F1-u)，NG(例如NG-c、NG-u)，Xn(例如Xn-c、Xn-u)，X2(例如X2-c、X2-u)。例如，O-RAN通信系统还包括一些接口，例如O1，O2，E2，A1，开放式(Open)-前传(front hual，FH)(例如开放式-FH控制(M)-面(plane)，又例如开放式-FH控制、用户和同步(control,user and synchronization，CUS)-面(plane))等接口。图1C中示出的各个接口的名称以及各个单元的连接方式为一种示例，实际应用中，O-RAN系统可以包括更多或更少的接口，或包括更多或更少的单元。
无线接入网设备可以是宏基站(如图1A中的110a)，也可以是微基站或室内站(如图1A中的110b)，还可以是中继节点或施主节点等。本申请的实施例对无线接入网设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。为了便于描述，下文以基站作为无线接入网设备的例子进行描述。
终端设备也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、移动终端设备等。终端设备可以广泛应用于各种场景，例如，设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车物(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信、机器类通信(machine-type communication，MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IOT)、虚拟现实、增强现实、工业控制、自动驾驶、远程医疗、智能电网、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通、智慧城市等。终端设备可以是手机、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、可穿戴设备、车辆、无人机、直升机、飞机、轮船、机器人、机械臂、智能家居设备，传感器等。本申请的实施例对终端设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
上述终端设备可通过运营商网络提供的接口(例如N1等)与运营商网络建立连接，使用运营商网络提供的数据和/或语音等服务。终端设备还可通过运营商网络访问域名系统(domain name system，DNS)，使用DNS上部署的运营商业务，和/或第三方提供的业务。其中，上述第三方可为运营商网络和终端设备之外的服务方，可为终端设备提供他数据和/或语音等服务。其中，上述第三方的具体表现形式，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。
终端设备也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、移动终端设备等。终端设备可以广泛应用于各种场景，例如，设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车物(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信、机器类通信(machine-type communication，MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IOT)、虚拟现实、增强现实、工业控制、自动驾驶、远程医疗、智能电网、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通、智慧城市等。终端设备可以是手机、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、可穿戴设备、车辆、无人机、直升机、飞机、轮船、机器人、机械臂、智能家居设备、路侧单元(road side unit，RSU)等。本申请的实施例对终端设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
基站和终端设备可以是固定位置的，也可以是可移动的。基站和终端设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上；还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和人造卫星上。本申请的实施例对基站和终端设备的应用场景不做限定。
基站和终端设备的角色可以是相对的，例如，图1A中的直升机或无人机120i可以被配置成移动基站，对于那些通过120i接入到无线接入网100的终端设备120j来说，终端设备120i是基站；但对于基站110a来说，120i是终端设备，即110a与120i之间是通过无线空口协议进行通信的。当然，110a与120i之间也可以是通过基站与基站之间的接口协议进行通信的，此时，相对于110a来说，120i也是基站。因此，基站和终端设备都可以统一称为通信装置，图1A中的110a和110b可以称为具有基站功能的通信装置，图1A中的120a-120j可以称为具有终端设备功能的通信装置。
基站和终端设备之间、基站和基站之间、终端设备和终端设备之间可以通过授权频谱进行通信，也可以通过免授权频谱进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信；可以通过6千兆赫(gigahertz，GHz)以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请的实施例对无线通信所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
在本申请的实施例中，基站的功能也可以由基站中的模块(如芯片)来执行，也可以由包含有基站功能的控制子系统来执行。这里的包含有基站功能的控制子系统可以是智能电网、工业控制、智能交通、智慧城市等上述应用场景中的控制中心。终端设备的功能也可以由终端设备中的模块(如芯片或调制解调器)来执行，也可以由包含有终端设备功能的装置来执行。
在本申请中，基站向终端设备发送下行信号或下行信息，下行信息承载在下行信道上；终端设备向基站发送上行信号或上行信息，上行信息承载在上行信道上。终端设备为了与基站进行通信，需要与基站控制的小区建立无线连接。与终端设备建立了无线连接的小区称为该终端设备的服务小区。当终端设备与该服务小区进行通信的时候，还会受到来自邻区的信号的干扰。
本申请实施例中所涉及的核心网，可以包括对用户的信令和数据进行处理和转发的网络设备。例如包括接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)以及用户面网关、定位管理设备等核心网设备。其中用户面网关可以是具有对用户面数据进行移动性管理、路由、转发等功能的服务器，一般位于网络侧，如服务网关(serving gateway，SGW)或分组数据网络网关(packet data network gateway，PGW)或用户面网元功能实体(user plane function，UPF)等。AMF以及SMF相当于长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统中的移动管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)。AMF主要负责准入方面，SMF主要负责会话管理。当然，核心网中也可以包括其他网元，这里不一一列举。
图1A只是示意图，该无线通信系统中还可以包括其它设备，如还可以包括核心网设备、无线中继设备和/或无线回传设备等，在图1A中未画出。
图1D和图1E示例性示出了本申请实施例适用的几种通信系统的网络架构示意图。该通信系统可以包括卫星、网络设备和终端设备等。该通信系统还可以包括网关和核心网设备。图1D和图1E示例性示出了NTN与地面网络的融合网络架构。下面结合附图进行介绍。
卫星可以是高椭圆轨道(highly elliptical orbiting，HEO)卫星、GEO卫星、中轨(medium earth orbit，MEO)卫星和低轨(low-earth orbit，LEO)卫星。本申请实施例对卫星的工作模式不作限制，例如，卫星的工作模式可以是透传(transparent)模式，也可以是再生(regenerative)模式。图1D是以卫星的工作模式为透传模式为例进行示意的，图1E是以卫星的工作模式为再生模式为例进行示意的。
卫星工作在透传(transparent)模式时，卫星具有中继的透明转发的功能。网关具有网络设备(比如基站)的功能或部分网络设备(比如基站)功能，此时可以将网关看做是网络设备(比如基站)。或者，网络设备(比如基站)可以与网关分开部署，那么馈电链路的时延就包括卫星到网关以及网关到gNB的时延两部分。后面讨论的透传模式是以网关和gNB在一起或位置相近的情况为例，对于网关与gNB相距较远的情况，馈电链路时延将卫星到网关和网关到gNB的时延相加即可。
当卫星工作在再生(regenerative)模式时，卫星具有数据处理能力、具有网络设备(比如基站)的功能或部分网络设备(比如基站)功能，此时可以将卫星看做是网络设备(比如基站)。
卫星可通过广播通信信号和导航信号等与终端进行无线通信。可选的，每颗卫星可以通过多个波束为终端设备提供通信服务、导航服务和定位服务等。例如，每颗卫星采用多个波束覆盖服务区域，不同波束之间的关系可为时分、频分和空分中的一种或多种。
网关(或称地面站、地球站、信关站、关口站)(gateway)，可用于连接卫星和地面的网络设备(比如地面的基站)。一个或多个卫星可以通过一个或多个网关连接到一个或多个地面的网络设备(比如地面的基站)，在此不做限制。卫星与终端间的链路称作服务链路(service link)，卫星与网关间的链路称作馈电链路(feeder link)。网络设备可以与网关分开部署，那么馈电链路的时延可以包括卫星到网关以及网关到网络设备的时延两部分。
本申请实施例中的网络设备可以包括部署于卫星的网络设备(比如卫星基站)，也可以包括部署于网关的网络设备，也可以包括部署于地面的网络设备(比如地面基站)。例如，网络设备可以为前述图1A、图1B和图1C所示的无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点、O-RAN系统中的RAN节点等。相关内容参见前述描述，不再赘述。
核心网设备(core network，CN)，是一种设置在地面且能与NTN系统中的NTN设备进行通信的设备。例如CN可以是图1A、图1B和图1C所涉及到的CN，相关内容参见前述描述，不再赘述。
终端可以是图1A、图1B和图1C所涉及到的终端，相关内容参见前述描述，不再赘述。
本申请实施例也可以适用于其他通信系统架构，比如空地(air to ground，ATG)通信系统，该通信系统包括至少一个网络设备和至少一个高空终端。高空终端例如包括高空飞机和机上终端等。上述图1D和图1E中的卫星也可以替换为其他中继设备，比如可以替换为高空平台(high altitude platform station，HAPS)等其他NTN设备。图1D或图1E所示的通信系统作为一个示例，并不对本申请实施例提供的方法适用的通信系统构成限定。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例也可以适用于空地(air to ground，ATG)通信系统，作为示例，请参见图1F，为本申请实施例适用的又一种通信系统的网络架构示意图。该通信系统包括至少一个网络设备和至少一个高空终端设备。高空终端设备例如包括高空飞机和机上终端设备等。
图1G示例性示出了本申请实施例适用的又一种可能的通信系统架构示意图。如图1G所示，该通信系统包括第一通信装置、第二通信装置和终端装置。本申请实施例以第一通信装置为主通信装置，第二通信装置为辅通信装置为例进行介绍。在图1G中，以第一通信装置为主卫星装置，第二通信装置为辅卫星装置为例进行介绍。终端装置可以与主卫星装置建立RRC连接，与辅卫星装置不建立RRC连接。
本申请实施例中，主卫星装置和辅卫星装置具有在相同的资源上终端装置发送数据的能力(为了理解可以将该能力成为第一能力)。
本申请实施例涉及到的“相同的资源”可以替换为“相同的时域资源，相同的频域资源”，其他位置处的“相同的资源”的描述参见此处，不再重复描述。
在实际应用中，主卫星装置和辅卫星装置可以使用该第一能力，即在相同的资源上终端装置发送数据，或者说主卫星装置和辅卫星装置联合向终端装置进行数据传输。或者，主卫星装置和辅卫星装置不使用该第一能力，例如主卫星装置和辅卫星装置分别向终端装置发送的两个数据所占用的资源不属于相同的资源(例如该两个数据所占用的资源中的时域资源不同和/或频域资源不同)；又例如，主卫星装置和辅卫星装置不需要联合向终端装置进行数据传输；又例如，终端装置可以与单颗卫星装置(主卫星装置或辅卫星装置)进行通信。
如图1G所示，终端装置可以为图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D、图1E或图1F涉及到的终端或终端内部的芯片系统。本申请实施例中的第一通信装置可以为图1D、图1E或图1F中的卫星或卫星内部的芯片系统，也可以为图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D、图1E或图1F涉及到中的网络设备(例如接入网设备、地面站等)或网络设备内部的芯片系统。本申请实施例中的第二通信装置可以为图1D、图1E或图1F中的卫星或卫星内部的芯片系统，也可以为图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D、图1E或图1F涉及到中的网络设备(例如接入网设备、地面站等)或网络设备内部的芯片系统。
本申请实施例中的通信装置也可以替换为小区或传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)。例如，第一通信装置也可以替换为小区、第一小区或主小区。第二通信装置替换为小区、第二小区或辅小区。本申请实施例涉及到的辅通信装置也可以替换为辅小区。第一通信装置为第一小区，第二通信装置为第二小区的情况下，第一小区和第二小区可以分别属于不同的网络装置覆盖范围内的小区，或者属于同一个网络装置覆盖范围内的小区，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
本申请实施例中的第一通信装置和第二通信装置中的任意两个可以是同种类型的装置，也可以是不同类型的装置。例如，第一通信装置为网络设备(例如接入网设备、地面站等)，第二通信装置为卫星装置。又例如，第一通信装置为卫星装置，第二通信装置为网络设备(例如接入网设备、地面站等)。又例如，第一通信装置和第二通信装置为三个网络设备(例如接入网设备、地面站等)。又例如，第一通信装置为第一卫星装置，第二通信装置为第二卫星装置。
本申请实施例中的卫星装置(例如第一卫星装置和/或第二卫星装置)可以为图1D、图1E或图1F中的卫星或卫星内部的芯片系统。本申请实施例中，当第一通信装置和第二通信装置中的任一项为卫星装置的情况下，该卫星装置的工作模式可以为透传模式或再生模式。第一通信装置和第二通信装置的工作模式可以相同或不同。
基于图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D、图1E、图1F和图1G中的至少一项所示的内容以及上述其他内容，图2示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的可能的流程示意图。为了便于理解，图2中以终端装置、第一通信装置和第二通信装置的交互为例进行介绍。终端装置、第一通信装置和第二通信装置的相关示例可以参见前述图1G的描述，不再赘述。
例如，第一通信装置为第一卫星装置(或称为主卫星装置，或称为主通信装置)，第二通信装置为第二卫星装置(或称辅通信装置或辅卫星装置)。图2提供的示例中，终端装置可以与一个或多个辅通信装置进行通信，本申请实施例中以终端装置与第二通信装置通信为例进行介绍，其他辅通信装置与终端装置通信的流程也可以参见图2提供的实施例，不再赘述。本申请实施例中，终端装置可以与主通信装置建立RRC连接，与辅通信装置可以无需建立RRC连接。终端装置可以与主通信装置之间进行通信(例如发送上行或下行数据)，终端装置也可以与辅通信装置之间进行通信(例如发送上行或下行数据)。
下面结合附图进行介绍。
步骤201，终端装置确定第一数据传输方式。
第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联。
步骤202，第一通信装置确定第一数据传输方式。
步骤203，基于第一数据传输方式，终端装置与第一通信装置和/或第二通信装置进行数据传输。
由于终端装置的数据传输方式可以与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联，因此终端装置可以基于更具有优势的数据传输方式，继而提高通信性能。
本申请实施例中定义了三种数据传输方式，分别为第一方式、第二方式和第三方式。图2提供的实施方式中，第一数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式或第三方式。
第一方式和第二方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置在相同资源上向终端装置发送数据。例如，在第一方式和第二方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以在相同的时域资源(频域资源可能相同或不同)上向终端装置发送数据。或者，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以在相同的频域资源(时域资源可能相同或不同)上向终端装置发送数据。或者，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以在相同的时域资源且相同的频域资源上向终端装置发送数据。其中，第一方式中，终端装置还需要与第一通信装置和第二通信装置分别建立定时同步。在第二方式中，终端装置可以与至少一个通信装置建立定时同步。第三方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以通过不同的资源向终端装置发送数据。
下面对该三种数据传输方式进行介绍。
(1)第一方式。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一方式包括：第一通信装置和第二通信装置在相同资源上向终端装置发送数据，终端装置与第一通信装置和第二通信装置分别建立定时同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，本申请实施例中涉及到的“相同的资源”可以替换为相同的时域资源，也可以替换为相同的频域资源，或者替换为相同的时域资源和相同的频域资源。其他位置处不再重复描述。
本申请实施例中的定时可以替换为下行定时、下行同步定时、时间(time)同步或下行时间同步。下行定时的英文可以称为downlink timing。下行定时用于使终端装置确定通信装置发送的帧的帧边界、子帧边界、时隙边界、符号边界，或接收窗口位置。例如，第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值也可以替换/包括：第一通信装置和第二通信装置的下行定时差、第一通信装置和第二通信装置的下行的帧的帧边界的差值、下行定时差、同步位置差、时间差、下行时间差、接收到的信号的时间差等。又例如，终端接收到分别来自第一通信装置和第二通信装置数据的下行定时差、终端接收到分别来自第一通信装置和第二通信装置数据的下行的帧的帧边界的差值、下行定时差、同步位置差、时间差、下行时间差、接收到的信号的时间差等。又例如，第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值也可以替换/包括：终端装置收到的分别来自第一通信装置和第二通信装置的两个下行信号的相同帧号的帧边界的时间差、相同时隙号的时隙边界的时间差，或相同符号索引号的符号边界的时间差。
第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值可能是一个变量，该差值可能与第一通信装置和第二通信装置的数据传输时延的差关联。例如，该第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值可能等于第一通信装置和第二通信装置的数据传输时延的差。又例如，该第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值可能不等于第一通信装置和第二通信装置的数据传输时延的差，例如可能是基于第一通信装置和第二通信装置的数据传输时延的差决定的。
在一些场景中，终端装置可能需要与更多的通信装置之间进行数据传输。举个例子，比如终端装置与N个通信装置之间进行数据传输，N为大于1的正整数(例如N为2、3或其他整数)，N个通信装置在相同的资源上向终端装置发送数据(N个通信装置中的任意两个通信装置发送的数据占用的时域和/或频域资源相同)，N个通信装置包括一个主通信装置和(N-1)个辅通信装置，终端装置可以与主通信装置以及该N个通信装置中的每个通信装置建立定时同步(例如，下行同步)。
在第一方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置通过相同资源发送的数据可以相同，也可以不同。由于多个通信装置在相同的资源上发送不同的数据，因此可以提高通信系统的吞吐量。由于多个通信装置在相同的资源上发送相同的数据，因此可以提高数据传输可靠性，进而可提高通信吞吐量。
当第一通信装置和第二通信装置采用第一方式传输数据，终端装置也需要采用第一方式对应的数据处理方式对接收到的信号进行处理，才能恢复出各个通信装置的信号。为了区分，将第一通信装置和第二通信装置采用第一方式传输数据的情况下，终端装置需要采用的数据处理方式称为第一数据处理方式。
图3示例性示出了本申请实施例提供一种可能的多个通信装置传输的信息的到达终端装置的示意图。如图3所示，第一通信装置向终端装置发送的数据包括S1和S2。第二通信装置向终端装置发送的数据包括S3。第一通信装置发送的数据到达终端装置的时间为t0，第二通信装置发送的数据到达终端装置的时间为(t0+t1)。t1为第一通信装置和第二通信装置发送的数据到达终端装置的时间差，t1也可以理解为第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值。图3中以t1大于或等于第一阈值为例进行示意。
本申请中第一阈值可以为能够指示出一个时长的信息。例如第一阈值为：CP长度，或为CP的时间长度，或为基于CP长度确定的时间长度(例如，第一阈值为基于CP长度进行计算得到的值，例如第一阈值为CP长度加或减一个调整值；又例如，第一阈值为CP的长度和一个预设值的乘积)。
第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值大于(或等于)第一阈值的情况下，终端装置为了消除信号间的干扰可能需要较为复杂的方案。为了降低终端装置侧获取数据的复杂度，本申请实施例提供第一数据处理方式的处理流程。结合图3举个例子，图4示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种可能的终端装置获取数据的方法流程示意图。图4提供的数据处理流程可以视为第一数据处理方式的一种示例。请参阅图4，该过程可以包括如下步骤。
(1)第一通信装置发送的第一数据经过第一通信装置对应的信道到达终端装置，第二通信装置发送的第二数据经过第二通信装置对应的信道到达终端装置，第一数据和第二数据占用同样的资源。终端装置接收到第一数据和第二数据对应的叠加信号。终端装置从接收到的信号中解码出第一数据(例如S1和S2)。
(2)终端装置基于第一数据和信道对信号的影响情况，得到受到信道影响的第一数据。例如终端装置根据信号S1与S2的译码结果，对信号进行重构，得到受信道影响的S1和S2，受信道影响的S1和S2例如为(S1*h1+S2*h2)。其中h1与h2表示信道对信号的影响。
(3)终端装置从接收到第一数据和第二数据对应的叠加信号中去除受到信道影响的第一数据，再从得到的数据中得到第二数据(例如S3)。例如，终端装置使用接收到的两个通信装置的叠加信号减去恢复的信号第三数据(S1*h1+S2*h2)，得到第二数据。该过程可以理解为串行干扰消除(successive interference cancellation，SIC)信号处理方式。
通过上述方案可以消除多个通信装置向终端装置发送的信号的干扰。而且上述干扰消除方法可以更好的从接收到的叠加信号中获取多个通信装置分别发送的数据。
(2)第二方式。
一种可能的实施方式中，第二方式包括：第一通信装置和第二通信装置在相同资源上向终端装置发送数据；终端装置与第一通信装置和第二通信装置中的至少一个分别建立定时同步。也就是说，在第二方式下，终端装置可以与一个通信装置(第一通信装置或第二通信装置)建立定时同步，无需与每一个通信装置建立定时同步；或者，终端装置可以与多个(或每个)通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)建立定时同步。“相同的资源”的描述可以参见前述内容，不再重复描述。
在一些场景中，终端装置可能需要与更多的通信装置之间进行数据传输。举个例子，比如终端装置与N个通信装置之间进行数据传输，N为大于1的正整数(例如N为2、3或其他整数)，N个通信装置在相同的资源上向终端装置发送数据(N个通信装置中的任意两个通信装置发送的数据占用的时域和频域资源相同)，N个通信装置包括一个主通信装置和(N-1)个辅通信装置，终端装置可以与主通信装置以及该N个通信装置中的至少一个通信装置建立定时同步即可。也就是说，在第二方式中，终端装置可以与一个通信装置建立定时同步，也可以与多个(或每个)通信装置建立定时同步。
又一种可能的实施方式中，在第二方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置通过相同资源发送的数据可以相同。由于多个通信装置在相同的资源上发送相同的数据，因此可以提高数据传输可靠性，进而可提高通信吞吐量。
当第一通信装置和第二通信装置采用第二方式传输数据，终端装置也需要采用第二方式对应的数据处理方式对接收到的信号进行处理，才能恢复出各个通信装置的信号。为了区分，将第一通信装置和第二通信装置采用第二方式传输数据的情况下，终端装置需要采用的数据处理方式称为第二数据处理方式。第二数据处理方式与第一数据处理方式不同。第二数据处理方式对于终端装置而言，由于无需终端装置进行干扰消除(例如SIC)，因此方案复杂度更低。
图5示例性示出了本申请实施例提供一种可能的多个通信装置传输的信息的到达终端装置的示意图。如图5所示，第一通信装置向终端装置发送的数据包括S1和S2。第二通信装置向终端装置发送的数据包括S3。第一通信装置发送的数据到达终端装置的时间为t0，第二通信装置发送的数据到达终端装置的时间为(t0+t2)。t2为第一通信装置和第二通信装置发送的数据到达终端装置的时间差，t2也可以理解为第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值。图5中以t2小于或等于第一阈值为例进行示意。第一通信装置对应的下行定时与第二通信装置对应的下行定时之间的差值小于或等于第一阈值的情况下，终端装置可以与一个通信装置建立下行定时，当多个通信装置在相同资源(时域和/或频域资源)上向终端装置发送信号，终端装置可以获取到各个通信装置发送的数据。
(3)第三方式。
在第三方式中，终端装置在一个资源上单独与一个通信装置进行数据传输。例如，第三方式包括：第一通信装置或第二通信装置向终端装置发送数据。又例如，第三方式中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置通过不同的资源向终端装置发送数据。第一通信装置与第二通信装置向终端装置发送的数据占用的时域资源不同和/或频域资源不同。
本申请中涉及到的“不同的资源”可以替换为不同的时域资源，也可以替换为不同的频域资源，也可以替换为不同的时域资源和/或不同的频域资源。其他位置处不再重复描述。当不同的资源包括不同的时域资源时，频域资源可能相同或不同。当不同的资源包括不同的频域资源时，时域资源可能相同或不同。一种可能的实施方式中，“相同的资源”为相同的时域资源和相同的频域资源，“不同的资源”为不同的时域资源和/或不同的频域资源。
当第一通信装置和第二通信装置采用第三方式传输数据，终端装置也需要采用第三方式对应的数据处理方式对接收到的信号进行处理，才能恢复出各个通信装置的信号。为了区分，将第一通信装置和第二通信装置采用第三方式传输数据的情况下，终端装置需要采用的数据处理方式称为第三数据处理方式。第三数据处理方式与第一数据处理方式不同，第三数据处理方式与第二数据处理方式不同。第三数据处理方式对于终端装置而言，由于无需终端装置进行干扰消除(例如SIC)，因此方案复杂度更低。而且由于不需要接收多个通信装置的叠加数据，因此第三数据处理方式更加简单。
本申请实施例中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差可能会大于第一阈值，也可能会等于第一阈值，也可能会小于第一阈值。第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差与第一阈值的关系可以对数据传输方式造成影响。下面通过以下实施方式A1(通信装置的定时差大于第一阈值的情况)、实施方式A2(通信装置的定时差小于第一阈值的情况)和实施方式A3(通信装置的定时差等于第一阈值的情况)几种实施方式介绍第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差与第一阈值之间的关系与数据传输方式之间的关联关系。
实施方式A1，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下，第一数据传输方式为第一方式或第三方式。
实施方式A1.1，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下，第一数据传输方式为第一方式。
在第一方式下，由于终端装置与第一通信装置和第二通信装置都建立了定时同步，因此即使第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时的差较大(例如大于第一阈值)，在第一通信装置和第二通信装置的在相同资源上发送数据的情况下，终端装置也可以从接收到的叠加数据中获取各个通信装置发送的数据。因此，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下，通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置可以基于第一方式进行数据传输。
当多个通信装置在相同的资源上向终端装置传输数据，第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时的差较大(例如大于第一阈值)，第一方式也可以称为多通信装置联合异步传输、或多小区联合异步传输，或多星联合异步传输。
当通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置基于第一方式进行数据传输，终端装置侧也需要基于第一数据处理方式(例如前述图4提供的数据处理方式)对接收到的数据进行处理，以恢复出各个通信装置的数据。
实施方式A1.2，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下，第一数据传输方式为第三方式。
由于在第三方式中，终端装置可以在一个资源上单独与一个通信装置通信，例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置通过不同的资源向终端装置发送数据。因此第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时的差较大(例如大于第一阈值)的情况下，在第三方式下，终端装置也可以分别获取到各个通信装置发送的数据。因此，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下，终端装置也可以基于第三方式进行数据传输。
当终端装置基于第三方式与通信装置进行数据传输，终端装置侧也需要基于第三数据处理方式对接收到的数据进行处理，以恢复出各个通信装置的数据。
实施方式A2，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第二方式、第三方式或第一方式。
实施方式A2.1，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第二方式。
由于在第二方式中，终端装置与至少一个通信装置建立的定时同步。因此，在第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时的差较小(例如小于第一阈值)的情况下，在第一通信装置和第二通信装置的在相同资源上发送数据，终端装置采用第二方式也可以从接收到的叠加数据中获取各个通信装置发送的数据。因此，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下，通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置可以基于第二方式进行数据传输。
当通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置可以基于第二方式进行数据传输，终端装置侧也需要基于第二数据处理方式对接收到的数据进行处理，以恢复出各个通信装置的数据。
实施方式A2.2，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第三方式。
由于在第三方式中，终端装置可以在一个资源上单独与一个通信装置通信，例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置通过不同的资源向终端装置发送数据。因此第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时的差较小(例如小于第一阈值)的情况下，在第三方式下，终端装置也可以分别获取到各个通信装置发送的数据。因此，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下，通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置可以基于第三方式进行数据传输。
当通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置基于第三方式进行数据传输，终端装置侧也需要基于第三数据处理方式对接收到的数据进行处理，以恢复出各个通信装置的数据。
实施方式A2.3，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下，第一数据传输方式为第一方式。
在第一方式下，由于终端装置与第一通信装置和第二通信装置都建立了定时同步，因此第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时的差较小(例如小于第一阈值)，在第一通信装置和第二通信装置的在相同资源上发送数据的情况下，终端装置也可以从接收到的叠加数据中获取各个通信装置发送的数据。因此，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下，通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置基于第一方式进行数据传输。
当通信装置(例如第一通信装置和第二通信装置)与终端装置基于第一方式与通信装置进行数据传输，终端装置侧也需要基于第一数据处理方式(例如前述图4提供的数据处理方式)对接收到的数据进行处理，以恢复出各个通信装置的数据。
实施方式A3，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值等于第一阈值的情况下：第一数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式或第三方式。
本申请实施例中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值等于第一阈值的情况，可以与第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况归为一类，也可以与第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况归为一类。在实施方式A3中，第一数据传输方式为第一方式或第三方式，可以参见前述第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况的相关描述。在实施方式A3中，第一数据传输方式为第二方式或第三方式，可以参见前述第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况的相关描述，不再赘述。
在图2提供的实施方式中，一种可能的实施方式中，步骤202之前，终端装置可以从第二数据传输方式切换为第一数据传输方式。其中，第二数据传输方式与第一数据传输方式不同，第二数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式和第三方式中与第一数据传输方式不同的一种方式。
下面结合一种可能的场景介绍一种数据传输方式的切换方案。
图6示例性示出了本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统架构示意图。请参阅图6，第一通信装置和第二通信装置为终端装置所在区域(例如第一区域)提供服务(第一区域例如为某个波束覆盖范围)。第一区域设置有时频补偿参考点。第一通信装置和第二通信装置基于时频补偿参考点进行时频预补偿。当某个终端装置位于时频补偿参考点的位置时，该终端装置能够同时接收到第一通信装置和第二通信装置的下行信号(即第一通信装置和第二通信装置的定时差为0)，该终端装置接收到第一通信装置和第二通信装置的下行信号的频偏差为0。当终端装置与时频补偿参考点有一定距离时，该终端装置接收到第一通信装置和第二通信装置的下行信号之间会存在定时差和频偏差。图6提供的是一种可能的实现形式，实际应用中，第一通信装置和第二通信装置与终端装置进行通信的场景中，也可以不设置时频补偿参考点。
图7示例性示出了本申请实施例适用的一种定时差与时间的关联关系的示意图。图7提供的示意图可以是在图6的场景中获取的，也有可能是在其他场景中获取的。如图7所示，线#1和线#2分别是第一通信装置和第二通信装置的定时差随时间变化的一种可能的示意图。线#1表示波束直径为20千米，线#2表示波束直径为10千米。图中纵轴表示定时差，横轴表示时间(或称为卫星过顶的时间)。图中虚线表示第一阈值(图中以第一阈值为CP进行示意)的长度。由图7可以看出，随着第一通信装置和第二通信装置的移动(例如卫星的移动)，终端装置接收的第一通信装置和第二通信装置的定时差发生时变。例如，在图7中，波束直径为20千米时，终端装置可以在时间段[t10，t11)，以及时间段(t12，t14]内使用第二方式(或第一方式，或第三方式)进行数据传输。在时间段[t11，t12]内使用第一方式(或第三方式)进行数据传输。又例如，在图7中，波束直径为10千米时，终端装置可以在时间段[t10，t21)，以及时间段(t22，t14]内使用第二方式(或第一方式，或第三方式)进行数据传输。在时间段[t21，t22]内使用第一方式(或第三方式)进行数据传输。可以看出，在卫星过顶期间，终端装置可以基于第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差切换传输模式，继而可以提高通信性能。
可以看出，本申请实施例中，终端装置可以基于通信装置的定时差切换数据传输方式。如果终端装置始终使用一种数据传输方式，则会导致通信性能较低。例如终端装置始终使用第二方式进行数据传输，则当通信装置对应的定时之间的差值较大(例如大于第一阈值)的情况下，由于终端装置并没有使用相对应的接收方式(例如，第一数据处理方式)，因此终端装置无法成功获取多个通信装置通过相同资源(相同的时域和/或频域资源)发送的数据。又例如终端装置始终使用第一方式进行数据传输，由于终端装置在第一方式下需要始终与各个通信装置均建立下行定时同步，因此该方案会提高终端装置的方案复杂度，导致资源开销较大。
本申请实施例提供的方式中，终端装置可以在不同情况下，采用更加合理的数据传输方式，例如在第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值较大(例如大于第一阈值或等于第一阈值)的情况下，采用第一方式或第三方式进行数据传输，如此可以使终端装置成功获取各个通信装置在相同资源上传输的数据，继而可以提高系统吞吐量(和/或提供传输谱效)或提供数据传输可靠性。再例如，在第一通信装置和第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值较小(例如小于第一阈值或等于第一阈值)的情况下，采用第二方式或第三方式进行数据传输，如此终端装置不必维持与所有通信装置的下行定时，从而可以降低终端装置侧的方案复杂度，同时能够采用第二方式提高传输性能。
在图2提供的实施方式中，步骤201和步骤202中，终端装置和第一通信装置确定第一数据传输方式的实施方式有多种，下面通过实施方式图8和图10示例性介绍终端装置和第一通信装置确定第一数据传输方式的实施方式。在图8提供的实施方式中，第一通信装置可以确定出终端装置的数据传输方式，并向终端装置指示该数据传输方式。在图10提供的实施方式中，终端装置可以确定出数据传输方式。在图10提供的实施方式中，终端装置确定出数据传输方式后，可以向第一通信装置指示。图8和图10提供的实施方式还可以结合，例如终端装置可以确定数据传输方式(例如采用图10提供的实施方式确定)，第一通信装置也可以确定数据传输方式(例如采用图8提供的实施方式确定)，二者采用同样的规则，可以确定出相同的数据传输方式。
本申请实施例中，第二通信装置也可以确定第一数据传输方式，例如，第一通信装置可以向第二通信装置指示第一数据传输方式；或者其他通信装置向第二通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息；或者第二通信装置通过以下第一通信装置侧的类似方案确定第一数据传输方式。基于图8和/或图10的方案，终端装置和第一通信装置确定第一数据传输方式之后，可以基于第一数据传输方式进行数据传输(例如执行上述图2的步骤203)。第一通信装置和第二通信装置在不同的传输方式下发送的数据和资源等信息可以通过协商解决，或者由其他通信装置为第一通信装置和第二通信装置指示。
下面结合图8和图10对该两种实施方式进行介绍。为了便于理解，图8和图10中以终端装置、第一通信装置、第二通信装置和第一通信装置的交互为例进行介绍。关于终端装置、第一通信装置、第二通信装置和第一通信装置的介绍可以参见前述图2的相关介绍，不再赘述。
下面结合图8进行介绍。
步骤801，终端装置获取第一信息。
步骤802，终端装置发送第一信息。
相对应的，第一通信装置接收第一信息。
步骤803，第一通信装置确定第一数据传输方式。
步骤801和步骤802可以执行，也可以不执行。在步骤803中，第一通信装置可以是基于第一信息确定的第一数据传输方式(实施方式B)，也可以无需基于第一信息确定第一数据传输方式(实施方式C)。下面通过实施方式B和实施方式C分别进行介绍。
实施方式B，第一通信装置基于第一信息确定的第一数据传输方式。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一信息可以用于确定第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。
举个例子，第一信息包括用于指示第一定时差的信息，和/或用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。第一定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差。下面通过实施方式B1(第一信息包括用于指示第一定时差的信息)和实施方式B2(第一信息包括用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息)示例对第一信息包括的内容进行介绍。
实施方式B1，第一信息包括用于指示第一定时差的信息。
在实施方式B1中，第一通信装置接收到第一信息之后，可以基于第一信息确定第一定时差，之后依据第一定时差与数据传输方式的关联关系，确定出第一数据传输方式。例如，当第一定时差小于或等于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第二方式；当第一定时差大于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第一方式或第三方式。第一通信装置基于第一定时差确定数据传输方式的实施方式可以参见前述实施方式A1、实施方式A2和实施方式A3的描述，不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，终端装置获取第一定时差的方式有多种。例如，终端装置接收来自第一通信装置的信号(例如下行同步信号、下行参考信号)，并接收来自第二通信装置的信号(例如下行同步信号、下行参考信号)。例如，终端装置根据接收到的来自第一通信装置的信号，以及来自第二通信装置的信号，确定第一定时差。又例如，终端装置根据获取到的终端装置的位置信息、第一通信装置的位置信息以及第二通信装置的位置信息，确定第一定时差。终端装置可以通过多种方式确定终端装置的位置信息，例如可以是基于第一通信装置或其他装置发送的信息确定的；或者基于终端装置发送的信号和/或第一通信装置发送的信号确定的；或者是终端装置的位置信息是预先配置在终端装置侧的；或者是终端装置根据定位系统确定的位置信息等。终端装置可以基于第一通信装置和第二通信装置的星历信息确定出第一通信装置的位置信息以及第二通信装置的位置信息。通信装置(第一通信装置或第二通信装置)的星历信息例如可以包括该卫星装置的速度信息、卫星装置的运动轨迹信息、卫星装置的位置信息，以及卫星装置的位置信息对应的时间信息等。
又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置可以周期性或非周期性的获取多个定时差。为了降低信令开销，终端装置不必上报每个获取出的定时差。下面介绍几种可能的实施方式。在以下实施方式B1.1中，终端装置可以将第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时差与之前已经上报的定时差进行比较，若二者的差值较大可以上报，反之可以不上报。在实施方式B1.2中，终端装置可以在第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时差小于(或不大于)第三阈值时上报该定时差，反之可以不上报。在实施方式B1.3中，终端装置可以在第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时差大于(或不小于)第四阈值时上报该定时差，反之可以不上报。
实施方式B1.1，终端装置可以获取第二阈值。终端装置在确定第一定时差与第二定时差之间的差值的绝对值大于(或者不小于)第二阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。
第一定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置在第一时刻的定时之间的差，第二定时差为第一通信装置与第二通信装置在第二时刻的定时之间的差，第一时刻晚于第二时刻。例如，第二定时差可以为终端装置获取的前一个第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时之间的差(例如第二定时差)，或者第二定时差为终端装置上一次上报(例如向第一通信装置上报)的定时差。又例如，终端装置可以周期性或非周期性获取第一通信装置和第二通信装置的定时差。第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长可以为周期时长的整数倍，或者不是周期时长的整数倍。
举个例子，终端装置以第一时长为周期，周期性获取第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时之间的差。第二时刻与第一时刻之间的差值为第一时长。终端装置在确定当前获取的定时差(第一定时差)与前一个定时差(第二定时差)之间的差值的绝对值大于第二阈值，则向第一通信装置发送用于指示该当前获取的定时差(第一定时差)的信息(即第一信息)。如果当前获取的定时差与前一个定时差之间的差值的绝对值小于第二阈值，则不向第一通信装置发送用于指示该当前获取的定时差的信息。当前获取的定时差与前一个定时差之间的差值的绝对值等于第二阈值的情况下，终端装置可以发送，也可以不发送用于指示该当前获取的定时差的信息。第二阈值可以是预配置在终端装置的，或者是协议预先定义的，或者是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)指示的。
举个例子，当终端装置确定|△T_new-△T_old|≥Tresh(或，|△T_new-△T_old|＞Tresh)，则发送用于指示△T_new(第一定时差)的信息。其中，△T_new为当前获取的(或最新获取的)第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时之间的差(例如第一定时差)。△T_old为终端装置获取的前一个第一通信装置与第二通信装置的定时之间的差(例如第二定时差)或者△T_old为终端装置上一次上报的定时差。Tresh为第二阈值。当终端装置确定|△T_new-△T_old|＜Tresh(或，|△T_new-△T_old|≤Tresh)，则不发送用于指示△T_new(第一定时差)的信息。
实施方式B1.2，终端装置可以在第一定时差小于(或不大于)第三阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。
举个例子，终端装置获取多个第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差，当确定定时差的变化规律为从大变小的规律时，终端装置在确定当前获取的第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的第一定时差小于(或不大于)第三阈值，则发送用于指示第一定时差的信息。又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置在确定当前获取的第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的第一定时差大于(或不小于)第三阈值，不发送用于指示第一定时差的信息。第三阈值可以是预配置在终端装置的，或者是协议预先定义的，或者是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)指示的。
由于第一定时差小于(或不大于)第三阈值时，可能需要触发数据传输方式的切换，因此终端装置在此时上报定时差，可以使第一通信装置及时判断是否需要切换数据传输方式。而且该方式可以避免发送过多的定时差，可以节省资源开销。
本申请实施例中的“不大于”包括“小于”和“等于”两种情况，“不小于”包括“大于”和“等于”两种情况，其他处不再重复说明书。
实施方式B1.3，终端装置可以在第一定时差大于(或不小于)第四阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。
举个例子，终端装置获取多个第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差，当确定定时差的变化规律为从小变大的规律时，终端装置在确定当前获取的第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的第一定时差大于(或不小于)第四阈值，则发送用于指示第一定时差的信息。又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置在确定当前获取的第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的第一定时差小于(或不大于)第四阈值，不发送用于指示第一定时差的信息。第四阈值可以是预配置在终端装置的，或者是协议预先定义的，或者是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)指示的。
由于第一定时差大于(或不小于)第四阈值时，可能需要触发数据传输方式的切换，因此终端装置在此时上报定时差，可以使第一通信装置及时判断是否需要切换数据传输方式。而且该方式可以避免发送过多的定时差，可以节省资源开销。
本申请实施例中，第一信息具体包括的用于指示第一定时差的信息的形式有多种。
例如，用于指示第一定时差的信息可以包括/为：第一定时差(例如△T_new的值)。又例如，用于指示第一定时差的信息可以包括/为：第一定时差与第二定时差之间的差值(例如(△T_new-△T_old)的值，或(△T_old-△T_new)的值)。各个参数的含义可以参见前述相关描述，不再赘述。第二定时差为终端装置已经上报的一个(例如前一个)定时差。第一通信装置可以通过终端装置的指示，或者根据预设规则确定出第二定时差，继而根据接收到的第一定时差与第二定时差之间的差值，确定出第二定时差。
本申请实施例中，终端装置上报的第一信息还可以包括一些其他信息，例如可以包括时间信息，该时间信息可以是使用协调世界时(Coordinated Universal Time，UTC)表示，也可以是以帧号、子帧号、时隙等表示。该时间信息指示的时间可以是终端装置测量第一定时差(或时间差)的时间点，或终端上报的第一信息对应的时间信息。
实施方式B2，第一信息包括用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。
在实施方式B2中，第一通信装置接收到第一信息之后，可以根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系，确定出当前时间对应的第一通信装置与第二通信装置定时差。进一步依据该定时差与数据传输方式的关联关系，确定出第一数据传输方式。例如，当该定时差小于或等于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第二方式；当该定时差大于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第一方式或第三方式。第一通信装置基于该定时差确定数据传输方式的实施方式可以参见前述实施方式A1、实施方式A2和实施方式A3的描述，不再赘述。
终端装置可以根据自己的位置以及第一通信装置和第二通信装置的位置确定第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系。
第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系可以表示为第一公式。用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息，包括/为：第一公式中的系数值。
图9示例性示出了一种第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的可能的示意图。图9中是第一通信装置和第二通信装置的定时差随时间变化的一种可能的示意图，图中虚线表示第一阈值(图中以第一阈值为CP时间长度进行示意)的长度。如图9所示，第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差可能在一个时间段内较小，例如小于第一阈值；在下一个时间段内较大，例如大于第一阈值，在接下来的一段时间内变小，例如小于第一阈值，具体可以参见图9所示。
终端装置可以根据自己的位置以及第一通信装置和第二通信装置的位置预测第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差，并通过曲线拟合得到第一公式。继而将第一公式中的各个系数值发送给第一通信装置，以使第一通信装置根据获取的信息得到第一公式，继而根据第一公式确定出各个时间对应的定时差，继而根据定时差确定终端装置对应的数据传输方式(例如可以参见前述提供的实施方式A1、实施方式A2或实施方式A3中提供的方式)。
例如，第一公式包括：△T＝a*t3+b*t2+c*t+d；其中，△T为第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差，t为时间(为变量)，a、b、c和d为第一公式中的系数值(例如为常数)。终端装置可以将a、b、c和d的值发送给第一通信装置。第一通信装置可以基于时间和公式确定出定时差，例如第一通信装置根据公式确定出时间t1对应的定时差为(a*t1 3+b*t1 2+c*t1+d)的值。
又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置还可以将该曲线上的一个具体的时间信息(例如将其携带于第一信息中)发送给第一通信装置,该时间信息可以是使用UTC表示，也可以是以帧号、子帧号、时隙等表示。该时间信息指示的时间可以是终端装置测量第一定时差的时间点或使用该式子计算得到定时差的起始时间。例如该时间为t0。第一公式也可以表示为：△T值＝a*(t-t0)3+b*(t-t0)2+c*(t-t0)+d。各个参数的含义可以参见前述相关描述，不再赘述。
实施方式C，第一通信装置确定第一数据传输方式。
在实施方式C中，第一通信装置无需基于第一信息确定第一数据传输方式。在该实施方式中，步骤801和步骤802也可以不执行。
例如，第一通信装置可以通过其他方式确定出第一定时差。例如第一通信装置可以基于终端装置的位置信息(或终端装置所在位置区域信息)、第一通信装置的位置信息以及第二通信装置的位置信息，确定出第一定时差。继而第一通信装置根据第一定时差与数据传输方式的关联关系，确定出第一数据传输方式。例如，当该定时差小于或等于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第二方式；当该定时差大于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第一方式或第三方式。第一通信装置基于该定时差确定数据传输方式的实施方式可以参见前述实施方式A1、实施方式A2和实施方式A3的描述，不再赘述。第一通信装置可以通过多种方式确定终端装置的位置信息，例如可以是基于终端装置或其他装置发送的信息确定的；或者基于终端装置发送的信号和/或第一通信装置发送的信号确定的；或者终端向第一通信装置上报自己的位置信息；或者是终端装置的位置信息是预先配置在第一通信装置侧的等。第一通信装置可以基于第一通信装置和第二通信装置的星历信息确定出第一通信装置的位置信息以及第二通信装置的位置信息。
步骤804，第一通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。
相对应的，终端装置接收用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。
步骤805，终端装置根据用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息，确定第一数据传输方式。
通过图8提供的方案可以看出，第一通信装置可以为终端装置确定数据传输方式，例如可以基于终端装置上报的第一信息确定，或者基于其他信息(例如终端装置的位置信息等)确定。方案较为灵活。且基于这些方式确定出的数据传输方式与实际场景较为贴合，从而可以提高通信系统的通信性能。
下面结合图10进行介绍。
步骤1001，终端装置获取第二信息。
第二信息可以是能够辅助终端装置确定第一数据传输方式的信息。第二信息可以是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)指示的，或者是预配置在终端装置侧的，或者是协议预定义的。
例如，第二信息包括以下至少一项：用于指示数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系的信息；用于指示数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系的信息；用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。
一种可能的实施方式，第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系可以表示为第一公式。用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息，包括/为：第一公式中的系数值。相关内容可以参见前述第一公式的相关描述，不再赘述。
步骤1002，终端装置根据第二信息确定第一数据传输方式。
下面通过实施方式D1、实施方式D2和实施方式D3示例性介绍几种终端装置确定第一数据传输方式的实施方式。在实施方式D1中，终端装置根据数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系确定第一数据传输方式。在实施方式D2中，终端装置根据数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系确定第一数据传输方式。在实施方式D3中，终端装置根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系确定第一数据传输方式。
实施方式D1，终端装置根据数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系确定第一数据传输方式。
终端装置获取数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系的方式有多种，例如可以是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)发送的；或预配置在终端装置侧；或者是协议预先定义的；或者是自己确定的。第一通信装置获取数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系的方式有多种，例如可以是预配置在第一通信装置侧，或其他通信装置发送给第一通信装置的，或者是协议预先定义的；或者是自己确定的。
例如，第一通信装置可以基于终端装置的位置信息，以及第一通信装置的位置信息(或星历信息)和第二通信装置的位置信息(或星历信息)，确定第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间段的关联关系(可以参见前述图7和图9的相关示例)，继而根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与数据传输方式的关联关系，确定出数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系。第一通信装置可以通过多种方式确定终端装置的位置信息，例如可以是基于终端装置或其他装置发送的信息确定的；或者基于终端装置发送的信号和/或第一通信装置发送的信号确定的；或者是终端装置的位置信息是预先配置在第一通信装置侧的等。
终端装置获取时间信息(例如当前时间的信息)。终端装置根据数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系，将时间信息指示的时间所属的时间段关联的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。
下面通过表1和表2示例性示出了一种数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系示例。表1的关联关系可以与图7结合。如表1所示，关联关系的索引号为0的情况下，该关联关系指示第一通信装置和第二通信装置在时间段[t10,t11)内采用第二方式联合进行数据传输。如表2所示，关联关系的索引号为1的情况下，该关联关系指示第一通信装置和第二通信装置在时间段[t11,t12]内采用第三方式进行数据传输，即在该时间段内不再进行联合传输，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以分别在不同的资源上向终端装置发送数据。表1和表2其他行内容与之类似，不再赘述。
表1数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系示例
表2数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系示例
通过上述方式可以看出，终端装置可以基于时间判断采用哪种数据传输方式，该方式可以降低终端装置侧的方案复杂度，节省信令开销。又由于终端装置只需要基于时间信息便可以确定出数据传输方式，因此该方案可以降低对终端装置的能力的要求，也可以适用于能力较弱的终端装置(例如对于一些不具备定位能力的终端装置等)。
本申请实施例中，终端装置与通信装置之间的数据传送方式发送变化(例如从第一方式切换至第二方式，又例如从第二方式切换至第三方式)时，终端装置采用的数据处理方式也会发生变化，终端装置也可以重新对信道进行估计，并重新上报信道状态的信息等。
实施方式D2，终端装置根据数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系确定第一数据传输方式。
终端装置获取数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系的方式有多种，例如可以是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)发送的；或预配置在终端装置侧；或者是协议预先定义的；或者是自己确定的。第一通信装置获取数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系的方式有多种，例如可以是预配置在第一通信装置侧，或其他通信装置发送给第一通信装置的，或者是协议预先定义的；或者是自己确定的。
终端装置获取第一定时差。终端装置根据数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系，将第一定时差关联的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。终端装置获取第一定时差的方式有多种，具体参考前述图8提供的实施方式中的相关描述，不再赘述。
实施方式D3，终端装置根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系确定第一数据传输方式。
终端装置获取第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的方式有多种，例如可以是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)发送的；或预配置在终端装置侧；或者是协议预先定义的；或者是自己确定的。第一通信装置获取第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的方式有多种，例如可以是预配置在第一通信装置侧，或其他通信装置发送给第一通信装置的，或者是协议预先定义的；或者是自己确定的。例如，第一通信装置可以根据终端装置的位置以及第一通信装置和第二通信装置的位置确定第一通信装置和第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系。
第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系可以表示为第一公式。用于指示第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息，包括：第一公式中的系数值。第一公式的相关内容参见前述描述，不再赘述。
终端装置获取时间信息。终端装置根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系，将时间信息指示的时间关联的定时差对应的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。例如，当该定时差小于或等于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第二方式；当该定时差大于第一阈值，第一数据传输方式为第一方式或第三方式。第一通信装置基于该定时差确定数据传输方式的实施方式可以参见前述实施方式A1、实施方式A2和实施方式A3的描述，不再赘述。一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置可能还可以获取第一阈值。第一阈值可以是预配置在终端装置侧的，或者是协议定义的，或者是其他通信装置(例如第一通信装置)向终端装置发送的。
步骤1003，终端装置向第一通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。
相对应的，第一通信装置接收用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。
又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置还可以向第一通信装置发送用于指示第一时刻的信息，第一时刻为终端装置将数据传输方式切换为第一数据传输方式的时刻。如此，第一通信装置可以确定终端装置切换至第一数据传输方式的时刻，继而结合该时刻确定终端装置此次切换数据传输方式的操作是否合理。
又一种可能的实施方式中，终端装置可以确定出多个切换数据传输方式的时刻(例如图7中的时刻t11和时刻t12)，例如终端装置将数据传输方式切换为第二数据传输方式的时刻，又例如，终端装置将数据传输方式切换为其他数据传输方式的时刻。终端装置可以将用于指示这些时刻的信息发送给第一通信装置，以使第一通信装置继而结合这些时刻的信息确定终端装置此次切换数据传输方式的操作是否合理。步骤1004，第一通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息。
相对应的，终端装置接收来自第一通信装置的用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息。
用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息可以指示允许或不允许终端装置使用终端装置在步骤1003上报的指示第一数据传输方式的信息对应的第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。当用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示允许使用第一数据传输方式的情况下，终端装置确定使用第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。当用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示不允许使用第一数据传输方式的情况下，终端装置不使用终端装置在步骤1003上报的指示第一数据传输方式的信息对应的第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。此外，终端装置还可以重新确定数据传输方式(例如重新基于图9提供的实施方式确定出一个新的数据传输方式)。或者，第一通信装置重新确定数据传输方式(例如通过前述图8提供的实施方式确定)，并向终端装置指示。
用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息可以是确认(acknowledgement，ACK)。或者，用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息可以包括用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。这些实施方式中，可以认为用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示允许使用第一数据传输方式。
又一种可能的实施方式中，用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息可以是NACK，NACK用于指示第一通信装置不采纳终端装置的建议。例如否定(negative acknowledgement，NACK)可能指示：第一通信装置不接受终端装置建议的第一数据传输方式(这种情况下，终端装置不能使用第一数据传输方式进行通信)，和/或，第一通信装置不接受终端装置建议的切换数据传输方式的时刻(例如第一通信装置不接受第一时刻，这种情况下，终端装置不能在第一时刻切换数据传输方式)。
又一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置接收到来自终端装置的用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息之后，第一通信装置不采纳终端装置的建议。第一通信装置可能还会向终端装置发送新的指示。例如，第一通信装置不接受终端装置建议的第一数据传输方式，第一通信装置可能会向终端装置发送用于指示其他数据传输方式(例如第三数据传输方式)的信息。其中，第三数据传输方式为第一方式、第二方式和第三方式中与第一数据传输方式不同的一种方式。又例如，第一通信装置不接受终端装置建议的一个或多个切换数据传输方式的时刻(例如第一时刻)，第一通信装置可能会向终端装置发送用于指示切换数据传输方式的新的时刻(例如第二时刻，第二时刻与第一时刻不同)的信息。第一通信装置发送的用于指示其他数据传输方式的信息，和/或用于指示切换数据传输方式的新的时刻的信息可以承载于一条信令，也可以承载于多条信令。第一通信装置发送的用于指示其他数据传输方式的信息，和/或用于指示切换数据传输方式的新的时刻的信息可以承载于步骤1004中涉及到的响应信息中，也可以不承载于响应信息中。
一种可能的实施方式中，步骤1003和步骤1004都执行，这种实施方式中，步骤1003可以理解为终端装置向第一通信装置发送终端装置建议的数据传输方式，第一通信装置需要判断是否接受该建议。
又一种可能的实施方式中，步骤1003执行，步骤1004不执行。这种实施方式中，步骤1003可以理解为终端装置向第一通信装置发送的用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息为通知信息。第一通信装置使用终端装置通知的第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。
又一种可能的实施方式中，步骤1003不执行，步骤1004也不执行。这种方式中，终端装置无需再向第一通信装置上报终端装置确定出的数据传输方式。
又一种可能的实施方式中，第一通信装置可以基于终端装置上报的信息确定出第一数据传输方式，或者基于其他方式确定出第一数据传输方式，例如第一通信装置基于前述图8提供的实施方式确定出第一数据传输方式。又例如，第一通信装置可以基于第二信息确定出第一数据传输方式，例如第二信息可以是第一通信装置向终端装置指示的。
通过上述方式可以看出，终端装置可以自行确定数据传输方式，该方案可以减少第一通信装置侧的工作负荷，也可以节省信令开销。
本申请实施例中第一通信装置需要发送的信息(比如用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息、第二信息、用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息、第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值，以及第四阈值等)可以承载于系统信息块(system information block，SIB)1、其他系统消息(other system information，OSI)、主系统信息块(mater information block，MIB)等的广播信息中的至少一种，由第一通信装置向终端装置广播或组播发送。如此可以避免为了发送上述信令而对不同终端装置调度不同资源，从而可以节省调度资源的信令开销和降低系统调度复杂度。
又一种可能的实施方式中，如果第一通信装置在无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)建立连接阶段以及后续通信过程中发送信息(比如用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息、第二信息、用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息、第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值，以及第四阈值等)，则这些信息可以承载于RRC信令(例如，RRC建立(RRC setup)消息、RRC重配信令(RRC reconfiguration)、RRC恢复信令(RRC resume)等)、下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)、组DCI、介质访问控制(media access control，MAC)控制元素(control element，CE)中的至少一种，这些信息可以通过信令或通过表格方式进行指示。或者第一通信装置需要发送的信息(比如用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息、第二信息、用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息、第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值，以及第四阈值等)可以随数据传输或在单独分配的物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)中承载。第一通信装置需要指示的信息(比如用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息、第二信息、用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息、第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值，以及第四阈值等)可以通过单播或组播发送。如此，可以灵活控制每个/每组终端装置对应的这些信息。
可以理解的是，为了实现上述实施例中功能，第一通信装置、第二通信装置和终端装置可以包括执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本申请中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及方法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件相结合的形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用场景和设计约束条件。
基于相同构思，图11、图12和图13为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。图11、图12和图13所示的这些通信装置可以用于实现上述方法实施例中终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请的实施例中，该通信装置可以是如图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D、图1E、图1F或图1G所示的终端设备，也可以是如图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D、图1E、图1F或图1G所示的网络设备(比如卫星装置，或部署于地面的网络设备)，还可以是应用于图1A、图1B、图1C、图1D、图1E、图1F或图1G所示的终端设备或网络设备的芯片(或芯片系统)。
如图11所示，通信装置1300包括处理单元1310和收发单元1320。通信装置1300用于实现上述图2、图8或图10中所示的方法实施例中终端装置、第一通信装置或第二通信装置的功能。收发单元1320也可以称为通信单元。收发单元1320可以包括发送单元和接收单元。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于确定第一数据传输方式，基于第一数据传输方式，通过收发单元1320与第一通信装置和/或第二通信装置进行数据传输。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于从第二数据传输方式切换为第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于通过收发单元1320接收用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息，根据用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息，确定第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于获取第一信息，通过收发单元1320向第一通信装置发送第一信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于：在确定第一定时差与第二定时差之间的差值的绝对值大于或等于第二阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于：在第一定时差小于第三阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于：在第一定时差大于第四阈值的情况下，向第一通信装置发送第一信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于获取第二信息，根据第二信息确定第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于获取第一定时差，根据数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系，将第一定时差关联的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于获取时间信息，根据数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系，将时间信息指示的时间所属的时间段关联的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式；
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于获取时间信息，根据第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系，将时间信息指示的时间关联的定时差对应的数据传输方式确定为第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于根据接收到的来自第一通信装置的信号，以及来自第二通信装置的信号，确定第一定时差。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于根据获取到的终端装置的位置信息、第一通信装置的位置信息以及第二通信装置的位置信息，确定第一定时差。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于向第一通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于接收来自第一通信装置的用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中终端装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于接收第二信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于确定第一数据传输方式，基于第一数据传输方式通过收发单元1320与终端装置进行数据传输。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于从第二数据传输方式切换为第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于通过收发单元1320接收第一信息，根据第一信息确定第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，处理单元1310用于通过收发单元1320接收用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息；
根据用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息，确定第一数据传输方式。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于发送第二信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息，用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示允许终端装置使用第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第一通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于向第二通信装置发送用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息。
当通信装置1300用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中第二通信装置的功能时，一种可能的实施方式中，收发单元1320用于接收用于指示第一数据传输方式的信息，基于第一数据传输方式，与终端装置进行数据传输。
有关上述处理单元1310和收发单元1320更详细的描述可以参考图2、图8或图10所示的方法实施例中相关描述。
如图12所示，通信装置1400包括处理器1410和接口电路1420。处理器1410和接口电路1420之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路1420可以为收发器或输入输出接口。其中输入输出接口用于输入和/或输出信息，输出可以理解为发送，输入可以理解为接收。可选的，通信装置1400还可以包括存储器1430，用于存储处理器1410执行的指令或存储处理器1410运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器1410运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置1400用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法时，处理器1410用于实现上述处理单元1310的功能，接口电路1420用于实现上述收发单元1320的功能。
请参阅图13，图13所示的通信装置也可以为一种基带的可能的架构示意图。如图13所示，该通信装置可以包括处理系统，该处理系统可以包括一个或多个处理器，处理器可以用于执行进程，例如图13中所示的进程#1…进程#N。
处理系统可以用总线体系结构实现，通常由总线表示。总线可以包括任何数量的互连总线和桥，这取决于处理系统的具体应用和总体设计约束。总线通信地将各种电路耦合在一起，包括一个或多个处理器(通常由处理器表示)、存储器和计算机可读介质(通常由计算机可读介质表示，例如图13中所示的计算机可读介质#1…计算机可读介质#N。)。总线还可以链接各种其他电路，如定时源、外设、电压调节器和电源管理电路，这些电路在本领域中是众所周知的，因此，将不再进一步描述。总线接口提供总线和收发器之间以及总线和接口之间的接口。
通信装置还可以包括收发器(图13中未示出)，收发器也可以替换为接口电路或通信接口等。收发器提供用于通过无线传输介质与各种其他装置通信的通信接口或装置。收发器可以耦合到天线阵列，并且收发器和天线阵列可以一起用于与相应的网络类型通信。至少一个接口(例如，网络接口和/或用户接口)提供通信接口或装置，用于通过内部总线或经由外部传输介质。
处理器负责管理总线和一般处理，包括执行存储在计算机可读介质上的软件。当由处理器执行该软件时，该软件使处理系统执行下面针对任何特定设备所描述的各种功能。处理器、存储器和计算机可读介质可实现的功能可以包括：编码、解码、速率匹配、解速率匹配、加扰、解扰、调制、解调、层映射、快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transform，FFT)、逆快速傅里叶变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)、离散傅里叶逆变换(inverse discrete fourier transform，IDFT)、预编码、资源元素(resource element，RE)映射、信道均衡、解RE映射、数字波束成形(beam forming，BF)、添加CP、去CP等等中的一项或多项。
本申请实施例中涉及到的信令(比如第一配置信息、第二配置信息、第一数据、第二数据)可以由处理器、存储器和计算机可读介质可实现。例如，第一通信装置(例如卫星装置)向终端装置发送的上述信令，由图13中的处理器、存储器和计算机可读介质对上述参数进行处理后，向终端装置发送。
当图13所示的通信装置用于实现图2、图8或图10所示的方法时，处理系统用于实现上述处理单元1310的功能，收发器用于实现上述收发单元1320的功能。
当上述通信装置(例如图11、图12或图13所示的通信装置)为应用于终端的芯片时，该终端芯片实现上述方法实施例中终端装置的功能。该终端芯片接收来自基站的信息，可以理解为该信息是先由终端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收到的，然后再由这些模块发送给终端芯片。该终端芯片向基站发送信息，可以理解为该信息是先发送给终端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)，然后再由这些模块向基站发送。
当上述通信装置(例如图11、图12或图13所示的通信装置)为应用于基站(例如卫星基站)的芯片时，该基站芯片实现上述方法实施例中网络装置的功能。该基站芯片接收来自终端的信息，可以理解为该信息是先由基站中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收到的，然后再由这些模块发送给基站芯片。该基站芯片向终端发送信息，可以理解为该信息是下发送给基站中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)，然后再由这些模块向终端发送。
在本申请中，实体A向实体B发送信息，可以是A直接向B发送，也可以是A经过其它实体间接地向B发送。同样的，实体B接收来自实体A的信息，可以是实体B直接接收实体A发送的信息，也可以是实体B通过其它实体间接地接收实体A发送的信息。这里的实体A和B可以是RAN节点或终端，也可以是RAN节点或终端内部的模块。信息的发送与接收可以是RAN节点与终端之间的信息交互，例如，基站与终端之间的信息交互；信息的发送与接收也可以是两个RAN节点之间的信息交互，例如CU和DU之间的信息交互；信息的发送与接收还可以是在一个装置内部不同模块之间的信息交互，例如，终端芯片与终端其它模块之间的信息交互，或者，基站芯片与该基站中其它模块之间的信息交互。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器(例如图12中的处理器1410和/或图13中的处理系统中的处理器)可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以在硬件中实现，也可以在可由处理器执行的软件指令中实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器、闪存、只读存储器、可编程只读存储器、可擦除可编程只读存储器、电可擦除可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于基站或终端中。处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于基站或终端中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘。该计算机可读存储介质可以是易失性或非易失性存储介质，或可包括易失性和非易失性两种类型的存储介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。在本申请的文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在本申请的公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。“包括A，B和C中的至少一个”可以表示：包括A；包括B；包括C；包括A和B；包括A和C；包括B和C；包括A、B和C。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种编号(比如数字编号“第一”“第二”，再比如字母编号“实施方式A1”、“实施方式A1.1”、“实施方式C1”等)仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    确定第一数据传输方式，所述第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联；
    基于所述第一数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置和/或所述第二通信装置进行数据传输。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输方式为所述第一方式、第二方式或第三方式；
    所述第一方式包括：所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置在相同资源上向所述终端装置发送数据，所述终端装置与所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置分别建立定时同步；
    所述第二方式包括：所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置在相同资源上向所述终端装置发送数据，所述终端装置与所述第一通信装置或所述第二通信装置建立定时同步；
    所述第三方式包括：所述第一通信装置或所述第二通信装置向所述终端装置发送数据。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，以下至少一项被满足：
    所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下：所述第一数据传输方式为所述第一方式或所述第三方式；
    所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下：所述第一数据传输方式为所述第二方式；
    所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值等于第一阈值的情况下：所述第一数据传输方式为所述第一方式、所述第二方式或所述第三方式。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一阈值包括：循环前缀CP长度，或为所述CP的时间长度，或为基于所述CP长度确定的时间长度。
  5. 如权利要求2-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置和/或所述第二通信装置进行数据传输之前，还包括：
    从第二数据传输方式切换为所述第一数据传输方式；
    其中，所述第二数据传输方式与所述第一数据传输方式不同，所述第二数据传输方式为所述第一方式、第二方式和第三方式中与所述第一数据传输方式不同的一种方式。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一数据传输方式，包括：
    接收用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息；
    根据所述用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息，确定所述第一数据传输方式。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息之前，还包括：
    获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于确定第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差；
    向所述第一通信装置发送第一信息。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括：
    用于指示第一定时差的信息，所述第一定时差为所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差；和/或，
    用于指示所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系表示为第一公式；
    所述用于指示所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息，包括：所述第一公式中的系数值。
  10. 如权利要求7-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括第一定时差的情况下，所述向所述第一通信装置发送第一信息，包括以下一项：
    在确定所述第一定时差与第二定时差之间的差值的绝对值大于或等于第二阈值的情况下，向所述第一通信装置发送第一信息；其中，所述第一定时差为所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置在第一时刻的定时之间的差，所述第二定时差为所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置在第二时刻的定时之间的差，所述第一时刻晚于所述第二时刻；
    在所述第一定时差小于第三阈值的情况下，向所述第一通信装置发送第一信息；
    在所述第一定时差大于第四阈值的情况下，向所述第一通信装置发送第一信息。
  11. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一数据传输方式，包括：
    获取第二信息；
    根据所述第二信息确定所述第一数据传输方式；
    其中，所述第二信息包括以下至少一项：
    用于指示数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系的信息；
    用于指示数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系的信息，所述数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系包括所述第一数据传输方式关联的时间段；
    用于指示所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第二信息确定所述第一数据传输方式，包括以下一项：
    获取第一定时差，根据所述数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系，将所述第一定时差关联的数据传输方式确定为所述第一数据传输方式，所述第一定时差为所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差；
    获取时间信息，根据所述数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系，将所述时间信息指示的时间所属的时间段关联的数据传输方式确定为所述第一数据传输方式；
    获取时间信息，根据所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系，将所述时间信息指示的时间关联的定时差对应的数据传输方式确定为所述第一数据传输方式。
  13. 如权利要求11-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一通信装置发送用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述向所述第一通信装置发送用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息之后，还包括：
    接收来自所述第一通信装置的所述用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息，所述用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示允许所述终端装置使用所述第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。
  15. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法适用于第一通信装置，所述方法包括：
    确定第一数据传输方式，所述第一数据传输方式与第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差关联；
    基于所述第一数据传输方式与所述终端装置进行数据传输。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输方式为所述第一方式、第二方式或第三方式；
    所述第一方式包括：所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置在相同资源上向所述终端装置发送数据，所述终端装置与所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置分别建立定时同步；
    所述第二方式包括：所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置在相同资源上向所述终端装置发送数据，所述终端装置与所述第一通信装置或所述第二通信装置建立定时同步；
    所述第三方式包括：所述第一通信装置或所述第二通信装置向所述终端装置发送数据。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，以下至少一项被满足：
    所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值大于第一阈值的情况下：所述第一数据传输方式为所述第一方式或所述第三方式；
    所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值小于第一阈值的情况下：所述第一数据传输方式为所述第二方式；
    所述第一通信装置和所述第二通信装置对应的定时之间的差值等于第一阈值的情况下：所述第一数据传输方式为所述第一方式、所述第二方式或所述第三方式。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一阈值包括：循环前缀CP长度，或为所述CP的时间长度，或为基于所述CP长度确定的时间长度。
  19. 如权利要求16-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置和/或所述第二通信装置进行数据传输之前，还包括：
    从第二数据传输方式切换为所述第一数据传输方式；
    其中，所述第二数据传输方式与所述第一数据传输方式不同，所述第二数据传输方式为所述第一方式、第二方式和第三方式中与所述第一数据传输方式不同的一种方式。
  20. 如权利要求15-19任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一数据传输方式之后，还包括：
    发送用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息之前，还包括：
    接收第一信息，所述第一信息用于确定第一通信装置与第二通信装置之间的定时差；
    根据所述第一信息确定所述第一数据传输方式。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括：
    用于指示第一定时差的信息，所述第一定时差为所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差；和/或，
    用于指示所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系表示为第一公式；
    所述用于指示所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息，包括：所述第一公式中的系数值。
  24. 如权利要求21-23任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一信息确定所述第一数据传输方式，包括以下一项：
    根据所述数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系，将所述第一定时差关联的数据传输方式确定为所述第一数据传输方式，所述第一定时差为所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差；
    获取时间信息，根据所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系，将所述时间信息指示的时间关联的定时差对应的数据传输方式确定为所述第一数据传输方式。
  25. 如权利要求15-24任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一数据传输方式，包括：
    接收用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息；
    根据所述用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息，确定所述第一数据传输方式。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一数据传输方式之前，还包括：
    发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于确定所述第一数据传输方式；
    其中，所述第二信息包括以下至少一项：
    用于指示数据传输方式与所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差的关联关系的信息；
    用于指示数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系的信息，所述数据传输方式与时间段的关联关系包括所述第一数据传输方式关联的时间段；
    用于指示所述第一通信装置与所述第二通信装置之间的定时差与时间的关联关系的信息。
  27. 如权利要求25或26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息之后，还包括：
    发送所述用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息，所述用于指示所述第一数据传输方式的信息的响应信息指示允许所述终端装置使用所述第一数据传输方式进行数据传输。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至14中任一项所述方法的模块，或包括用于执行如权利要求15至27中任一项所述方法的模块。
  29. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法，或如权利要求15至27中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被通信装置执行时，实现如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法，或如权利要求15至27中任一项所述的方法。
  31. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括程序指令，所述程序指令当被计算机执行时，使如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法，或如权利要求15至27中任一项所述的方法被实现。
PCT/CN2025/078891 2024-04-26 2025-02-24 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品 Pending WO2025223019A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410522046.3A CN120856268A (zh) 2024-04-26 2024-04-26 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品
CN202410522046.3 2024-04-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025223019A1 true WO2025223019A1 (zh) 2025-10-30

Family

ID=97413189

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2025/078891 Pending WO2025223019A1 (zh) 2024-04-26 2025-02-24 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN120856268A (zh)
WO (1) WO2025223019A1 (zh)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110268759A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2019-09-20 华为技术有限公司 无线通信的方法、控制设备、节点和终端设备
US20210160942A1 (en) * 2019-11-26 2021-05-27 Qualcomm Incorporated Dual connectivity operations in slot timing drift scenarios
WO2023039767A1 (en) * 2021-09-15 2023-03-23 Nec Corporation Methods, devices, and computer readable medium for communication
CN117377051A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2024-01-09 华为技术有限公司 数据传输的方法和装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110268759A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2019-09-20 华为技术有限公司 无线通信的方法、控制设备、节点和终端设备
US20210160942A1 (en) * 2019-11-26 2021-05-27 Qualcomm Incorporated Dual connectivity operations in slot timing drift scenarios
WO2023039767A1 (en) * 2021-09-15 2023-03-23 Nec Corporation Methods, devices, and computer readable medium for communication
CN117377051A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2024-01-09 华为技术有限公司 数据传输的方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN120856268A (zh) 2025-10-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN116918307A (zh) 用于无线通信的方法及装置
CN117397358A (zh) 无线通信系统中支持用户设备的网络切换的装置和方法
WO2023146753A1 (en) Handling of collision with ssb for ntn
JP2025156315A (ja) 端末及び通信方法
JP2023156536A (ja) 端末、無線通信方法、及び基地局
WO2025223019A1 (zh) 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品
US20240306072A1 (en) Proximity service in radio access network
WO2025213968A1 (zh) 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品
US20250203577A1 (en) Reduced latency scheduling request procedures
EP4586718A1 (en) Communication device, communication method, and communication system
US20240405857A1 (en) Initial end-to-end discovery procedure in direct ntn communication
WO2025246497A1 (zh) 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品
US20250227014A1 (en) Communication method and communication apparatus
US20250056353A1 (en) Method and apparatus for satellite switching in wireless communication system
WO2025223020A1 (zh) 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品
WO2025043463A1 (en) Protocol and architecture for multi-hop ue-to-network relay
WO2025195332A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2025092494A1 (zh) 通信方法、装置、系统及存储介质
CN120835310A (zh) 通信方法及相关装置
CN120379059A (zh) 一种通信方法、装置、可读存储介质以及计算机程序产品
JP2025157208A (ja) 端末及び通信方法
WO2024233537A1 (en) Logical split of base station function between non-terrestrial network (ntn) gateway and ntn payload
WO2025256436A1 (zh) 通信方法及相关装置
WO2025228175A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2025209221A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及相关设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 25793217

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1