WO2025222832A1 - Roadheader capable of telescopic loading and transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of mine tunneling apparatuses, and aims to solve the problems in existing roadheaders of frequent machine adjustment during cutting and material collection operations, and failure to realize parallel tunneling and anchoring operations even with an anchor drilling apparatus integrated thereon. Disclosed is a roadheader capable of telescopic loading and transportation, comprising a machine body, wherein a cutting part is arranged on the front part of the machine body, a movable full-face loading and transportation mechanism capable of moving front and back relative to the machine body passes through the middle of the machine body, and locomotion mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the machine body. The movable full-face loading and transportation mechanism can satisfy the long-distance material collection requirement, and realize continuous material collection while the locomotion mechanisms remain stationary. The tunneling working process can be simplified, the number of machine relocations is reduced, the roadway floor is protected, and parallel tunneling and anchoring operations is achieved to a certain extent.

Description

A retractable tunneling machine Technical Field

This invention belongs to the technical field of mining tunneling equipment, specifically relating to a retractable tunneling machine.

Background Technology

Commercially available tunneling machines and roadheader-anchors experience significant vibrations during cutting, limiting their structure to a cantilevered extension mechanism with a short extension distance. This necessitates frequent adjustments during cutting and material collection. Integrated roadheader-anchoring equipment also cannot achieve parallel roadheader-anchoring operations. While intelligent and unmanned underground mining is urgently needed, the variable conditions of the underground floor and slippage of the tracked components make effective control of the traveling mechanism difficult, hindering the machine's position control within the tunnel and severely complicating the achievement of intelligent and unmanned operation.

Summary of the Invention

To address the above problems, the present invention provides a retractable tunneling machine.

The present invention provides a telescopic transport tunneling machine, including a body, a cutting section at the front of the body, a mobile full-width transport mechanism that can move back and forth relative to the body through the middle of the body, and traveling mechanisms arranged on both sides of the body.

Furthermore, a partially movable cutting mechanism is arranged inside the cutting arm of the cutting section. The partially movable cutting mechanism pushes the cutting head of the cutting section to perform telescopic movements. The cutting section is slidably connected to the upper part of the machine body through the overall movable cutting mechanism.

Furthermore, the overall mobile cutting mechanism includes a telescopic slide fixed to the upper part of the machine body, a telescopic slider slidably connected in the telescopic slide, and telescopic cylinders with both ends horizontally connected to the machine body and the telescopic slider to control the telescopic slider to move back and forth in the telescopic slide. A brake cylinder assembly is arranged on the side of the telescopic slide.

Furthermore, the cutting section extends and retracts via a cylindrical or rectangular guide structure equipped with a clamping cylinder.

Furthermore, a stabilizing mechanism is arranged above the traveling mechanisms on both sides. The stabilizing mechanism includes front and rear support cylinders and support beams. The bottom flanges of the front and rear support cylinders are connected to the machine body and located above the traveling mechanisms. The support beams are hinged to the top of the front and rear support cylinders.

Furthermore, a support structure is arranged under the fuselage.

Furthermore, the mobile full-width loading mechanism includes a main shovel plate, with side shovel plates arranged on both sides of the main shovel plate. The side shovel plates can be unfolded according to the actual roadway width. The conveyor is hinged to the rear center of the main shovel plate. Hinges fixed to the main shovel plate are set on both sides of the rear of the main shovel plate. Push cylinders are fixed on both sides of the traveling mechanism. The rear end of the hinge device is hinged to the push rod end of the push cylinder.

Furthermore, the push cylinder is integrated with a side fixing structure and is horizontally connected to the traveling mechanism.

Furthermore, the hinge center point between the main shovel and the conveyor, and the hinge center point between the hinge devices on both sides and the pushing cylinder are coaxial.

Furthermore, anchor drilling mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the middle or rear of the machine body. The anchor drilling mechanism includes a longitudinal rail, a longitudinal cylinder, a transverse rail, a transverse base, a transverse cylinder, a vertical lifting mechanism, a slewing device, and a drilling rig. The longitudinal rail is fixed to the machine body. The two ends of the longitudinal cylinder are horizontally connected to the machine body and the transverse rail, controlling the transverse rail to move back and forth on the upper part of the longitudinal rail. The two ends of the transverse cylinder are connected to the transverse rail and the transverse base, controlling the transverse base to move laterally on the upper part of the transverse rail. The vertical lifting mechanism is fixed above the transverse base. The slewing device and the drilling rig are sequentially connected to the side of the vertical lifting mechanism.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The mobile full-width loading mechanism can meet the requirements of long-distance material collection and realize continuous material collection when the traveling mechanism is not in operation.

2. The overall moving cutting mechanism can meet the requirements of cutting and long-distance movement during cutting, while the local moving cutting mechanism can complete short-distance trimming and shaping work during cutting, realizing continuous cutting when the walking mechanism is not in operation.

3. The anchor drilling mechanism is designed to meet the requirements of long-distance anchoring and enable continuous anchoring even when the traveling mechanism is not in operation.

4. Simplify the tunneling process, reduce the number of times the machine needs to be moved, protect the tunnel floor, and achieve a certain degree of parallel tunneling and anchoring operations.

Attached Figure Description

Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a second front view of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile full-width loading mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a front view of the anchor drilling mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a top view of the anchor drilling mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in the cutting stage;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the material receiving stage of the present invention.

In the diagram: 1 - Partially moving cutting mechanism;

2-Integral moving cutting mechanism, 201-Telescopic cylinder, 202-Telescopic slide, 203-Telescopic slider, 204-Brake cylinder assembly;

Mobile full-width loading mechanism, 301-main shovel, 302-side shovel, 303-articulation device, 304-pushing cylinder, 305-transporter;

Walking mechanism;

Stabilizing mechanism, 501-front and rear support cylinders, 502-support beam;

6-Supporting structures;

7-Anchor drilling mechanism, 701-Longitudinal rail, 702-Longitudinal cylinder, 703-Transverse rail, 704-Transverse base, 705-Transverse cylinder, 706-Vertical lifting mechanism, 707-Rotation device, 708-Drilling rig.

Detailed Implementation

To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, a telescopic transport tunneling machine of this invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a telescopic tunneling machine includes a body, with walking mechanisms 4 arranged on both sides of the body, and a cutting section arranged at the front of the body. A local moving cutting mechanism 1 is arranged inside the cutting arm of the cutting section. The local moving cutting mechanism 1 includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder to realize the short-distance extension and retraction of the cutting head.

An integral moving cutting mechanism 2 is arranged in the upper part of the machine body. The integral moving cutting mechanism 2 includes a telescopic cylinder 201, a telescopic slide 202, a telescopic slider 203, and a brake cylinder group 204. The telescopic slide 202 is fixed in the upper part of the machine body, and the brake cylinder group 204 is arranged on the side of the telescopic slide 202. The two ends of the telescopic cylinder 201 are horizontally connected to the machine body and the telescopic slider 203, controlling the telescopic slider 203 to move back and forth in the telescopic slide 202.

In an optional embodiment, the overall moving cutting mechanism 2 is a telescopic cylinder 201 that pushes the telescopic slider 203 to move within the telescopic groove 202. It can be replaced by a cylindrical guide or rectangular guide structure with a clamping cylinder in the cutting part. This is the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a mobile full-width loading mechanism 3, which can move back and forth relative to the machine body, is arranged through the middle of the machine body. In this embodiment, the mobile full-width loading mechanism 3 includes a main shovel plate 301, side shovel plates 302, a hinge device 303, a pushing cylinder 304, and a conveyor 305. The side shovel plates 302 are arranged on both sides of the main shovel plate 301 and can be unfolded according to the actual roadway width. The pushing cylinder 304 is fixed to both sides of the traveling mechanism 4. The front end of the hinge device 303 is fixed to the main shovel plate 301, and the rear end is hinged to the push rod end of the pushing cylinder 304. The conveyor 305 is hinged to the main shovel plate 301 and is arranged in the middle of the rear side of the main shovel plate 301. Preferably, the pushing cylinder 304 integrates a side fixing structure and is horizontally connected to the traveling mechanism 3, so that the pushing cylinder 304 can only move in the horizontal direction along the traveling mechanism 4. As shown in Figure 4, the hinge center point between the main shovel plate 301 and the conveyor 305, and the hinge center point between the hinge devices 303 on both sides and the pushing cylinder 304 are coaxial, ensuring the lifting and adjustment of the main shovel plate 301.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a stabilizing mechanism 5 is arranged above the traveling mechanisms 4 on both sides. The stabilizing mechanism 5 includes front and rear support cylinders 501 and support beams 502. The bottom flanges of the front and rear support cylinders 501 are connected to the machine body and are located above the traveling mechanisms. The support beams 502 are hinged to the top of the front and rear support cylinders 501. A support mechanism 6 is also arranged below the machine body.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, anchor drilling mechanisms 7 are arranged on both sides of the rear of the machine. Anchor drilling mechanisms 7 include a longitudinal rail 701, a longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 702, a transverse rail 703, a transverse base 704, a transverse hydraulic cylinder 705, a vertical lifting mechanism 706, a rotary device 707, and a drilling rig 708. The longitudinal rail 701 is fixed to the rear of the machine. The longitudinal hydraulic cylinder 702 is horizontally connected at both ends to the machine body and the transverse rail 703, controlling the transverse rail 703 to move back and forth on the longitudinal rail 701. The transverse hydraulic cylinder 705 is connected at both ends to the transverse rail 703 and the transverse base 704, controlling the transverse base 704 to move laterally on the transverse rail 703. The vertical lifting mechanism 706 is fixed above the transverse base 704. The rotary device 707 and the drilling rig 708 are sequentially connected to the side of the vertical lifting mechanism 706. Through the longitudinal and transverse hydraulic cylinders, the lifting mechanism 706, and the rotary device 707, the drilling rig 708 can complete the anchor bolt and cable support operation for the roof and walls of the roadway.

In this embodiment, the anchor drilling mechanism 7, if considering the maximum downhole head clearance requirement, can be arranged in the middle of the machine body without interfering with the overall moving cutting mechanism 2 and the stabilizing mechanism 5.

In this embodiment, the telescopic transport tunneling machine has a large telescopic distance for the overall mobile cutting mechanism 2, which can meet the requirements of continuous multi-row cutting underground; a small telescopic distance for the partial mobile cutting mechanism 1, which can meet the requirements of section trimming and shaping; a telescopic distance for the mobile full-width transport mechanism 3, which can meet the requirements of continuous material collection after multi-row cutting; and a longitudinal movement distance, a lateral movement distance, and a lifting distance for the anchor drilling mechanism 7, which can meet the requirements of continuous anchoring protection under multi-row cutting underground.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the specific workflow is as follows:

Before cutting begins, the tunneling machine's partial moving cutting mechanism 1, overall moving cutting mechanism 2, and mobile full-width loading mechanism 3 are all retracted. The tunneling machine is then moved to the face, and the support mechanism 6 is lowered to the ground. The front and rear support cylinders 501 are activated, and the support beam 502 supports and stabilizes the machine body.

During the cutting stage, the telescopic cylinder 201 is activated, causing the telescopic slider 203 to move the entire cutting section forward within the telescopic groove 202 to perform grooving, and then cutting begins. When the object to be cut is relatively hard, the brake cylinder group 204 automatically presses the telescopic slider 203 to stabilize the cutting section and reduce the vibration of the whole machine. When the object to be cut is relatively soft, the brake cylinder group 204 automatically returns to its original position. This continues until the entire moving cutting mechanism 2 is fully extended or extends to the set distance, while cooperating with the partial moving cutting mechanism 1 to complete the trimming and shaping of the cross-section.

Next, the material collection stage begins. The partial moving cutting mechanism 1 and the overall moving cutting mechanism 2 are fully retracted. The main shovel plate 301 is adjusted to be flush with the ground, and the side shovel plates 302 are extended. The pushing cylinder 304 slowly pushes forward, driving the main and side shovel plates and the conveyor 305 to load materials until the main shovel plate 301 contacts the receiving end to complete the material collection.

During the cutting and material collection processes of the tunneling machine, the anchoring and drilling mechanisms 7 on both sides simultaneously perform anchoring operations. The vertical lifting mechanism 706 drives the drilling rig 708 to the top anchoring position, and adjusts the slewing device 707 and the transverse cylinder 705 to enable the drilling rig 708 to perform necessary top and side anchoring support at different positions of the cross-section. After completing one row of anchoring, the longitudinal cylinder 702 is adjusted, and the above steps are repeated to enable the anchoring and drilling mechanism 7 to complete continuous anchoring under multi-row cutting conditions, achieving parallel tunneling and anchoring operations.

When the material collection is completed, the anchoring operation should be completed at the same time. Then, the mobile full-width loading mechanism 3, the anchor drilling mechanism 7, the stabilizing mechanism 5, and the supporting mechanism 6 are retracted in sequence to complete the entire process.

The above steps are repeated to excavate the tunnel.

During the cutting process, the mobile full-width loading mechanism 3 can move forward slowly to collect materials without interfering with the cutting section, thus improving the material collection efficiency.

The retractable transport tunneling machine of the present invention comprises an overall mobile cutting mechanism 2, a partially mobile cutting mechanism 1, a mobile full-width transport mechanism 3, a stabilizing mechanism 5, and an anchor drilling mechanism 7. It can achieve continuous cutting and headstock collection even when the tunneling machine is not moving, while simultaneously providing necessary anchor bolt and cable support. This simplifies the tunneling process, reduces the number of machine relocations, protects the tunnel floor, enables a certain degree of parallel tunneling and anchoring operations, and facilitates intelligent and unmanned tunneling.

It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

A telescopic transport tunneling machine includes a body, with a cutting section at the front of the body. The machine is characterized by having a mobile full-width transport mechanism (3) that can move back and forth relative to the body through the middle of the body, and a traveling mechanism (4) arranged on both sides of the body. According to claim 1, the telescopic tunneling machine is characterized in that a local moving cutting mechanism (1) is arranged inside the cutting arm of the cutting section, the local moving cutting mechanism (1) pushes the cutting head of the cutting section to perform telescopic action, and the cutting section is slidably connected to the upper part of the machine body through the overall moving cutting mechanism (2). According to claim 2, the telescopic transport tunneling machine is characterized in that the overall moving cutting mechanism (2) includes a telescopic slide groove (202) fixed in the upper middle part of the machine body, a telescopic slider (203) is slidably connected in the telescopic slide groove (202), a telescopic cylinder (201) is set with both ends horizontally connected to the machine body and the telescopic slider (203) to control the telescopic slider (203) to move back and forth in the telescopic slide groove (202), and a brake cylinder group (204) is arranged on the side of the telescopic slide groove (202). The telescopic tunneling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cutting section extends and retracts via a dovetail groove guide, cylindrical guide, or rectangular guide structure equipped with a clamping cylinder. According to claim 1, the telescopic tunneling machine is characterized in that a stabilizing mechanism (5) is arranged above the two side walking mechanisms (4), the stabilizing mechanism (5) includes front and rear support cylinders (501) and support beams (502), wherein the bottom flanges of the front and rear support cylinders (501) are connected to the machine body and located above the walking mechanism (4), and the support beams (502) are hinged to the top of the front and rear support cylinders (501). The telescopic tunneling machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that a support mechanism (6) is arranged below the machine body. According to claim 1, the telescopic transport tunneling machine is characterized in that the mobile full-width transport mechanism (3) includes a main shovel plate (301), side shovel plates (302) are arranged on both sides of the main shovel plate (301), the side shovel plates (302) can be unfolded according to the actual roadway width, the transport machine (305) is hinged to the middle of the rear of the main shovel plate (301), the hinge devices (303) fixed to the main shovel plate (301) are provided on both sides of the rear of the main shovel plate (301), the walking mechanism (4) is fixed to both sides of the pushing cylinder (304), and the rear end of the hinge device (303) is hinged to the push rod end of the pushing cylinder (304). According to claim 1, the telescopic transport tunneling machine is characterized in that the push cylinder (304) integrates a side fixing structure and is horizontally connected to the traveling mechanism (4). The telescopic transport tunneling machine according to claim 7 or 8 is characterized in that the hinge center point of the main shovel plate (301) and the conveyor (305), and the hinge center point of the two side hinge devices (303) and the push cylinder (304) are coaxial. According to claim 1, the telescopic tunneling machine is characterized in that an anchor drilling mechanism (7) is arranged on both sides of the middle or rear of the machine body. The anchor drilling mechanism (7) includes a longitudinal rail (701), a longitudinal cylinder (702), a transverse rail (703), a transverse base (704), a transverse cylinder (705), a vertical lifting mechanism (706), a slewing device (707), and a drilling rig (708). The longitudinal rail (701) is fixed to the machine body, and the two ends of the longitudinal cylinder (702) are horizontally connected. The machine body is connected to the transverse track (703), and the transverse track (703) is controlled to move back and forth on the upper part of the longitudinal track (701). The two ends of the transverse cylinder (705) are connected to the transverse track (703) and the transverse base (704), and the transverse base (704) is controlled to move laterally on the upper part of the transverse track (703). The vertical lifting mechanism (706) is fixed above the transverse base (704). The rotary device (707) and the drilling rig (708) are connected to the side of the vertical lifting mechanism (706) in sequence.