WO2025220230A1 - Wireless communication node and wireless communication method - Google Patents

Abstract

This wireless communication node receives, from a terminal, a measurement report on a cell of second radio access technology different from first radio access technology, and transmits a node addition request for a node conforming to the second radio access technology to a network device. The wireless communication node receives an acknowledgement for the node addition request from the network device, and transmits a message on a radio resource control layer conforming to the first radio access technology including reconfiguration information used for connection to a cell of the second radio access technology to the terminal in response to the acknowledgement.

Description

Wireless communication node and wireless communication method

This disclosure relates to a wireless communication node and a wireless communication method that support dual registration with different wireless access technologies.

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP: registered trademark) is developing specifications for Long Term Evolution (LTE) and 5th generation mobile communication systems (5G, also known as New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is also developing specifications for the next generation, known as Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

The terminal (User Equipment, UE) can support dual stack, which allows simultaneous connection to different RATs (e.g., 5G and 6G) using two independent protocol stacks (from the physical layer to the Non-Access Stratum (NAS) layer).

3GPP defines a dual registration mode in which a UE can independently register with two core networks via wireless communication nodes (which may be called RAN nodes or interpreted as radio base stations (gNBs)) conforming to different radio access technologies (RATs) using separate connections in the radio resource control layer (RRC) (Non-Patent Document 1). Non-Patent Document 1 also defines a single registration mode in which a UE maintains a single registration with two core networks. In the case of single registration mode, the UE is required to map the UE identification information (GUTI: Global Unique Temporary ID) used in the two core networks in order to enable mobility between the two core networks.

3GPP TS 23.501 V18.5.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; System architecture for the 5G System (5GS); Stage 2 (Release 18), 3GPP, March 2024

Considering the background technology described above, it is possible that a UE will use dual stack while applying single registration mode. In this case, the UE will need to sequentially access two wireless communication nodes that comply with different RATs.

However, with this type of dual stack single registration, the number of processes required to complete UE connection using dual stack is large, which poses problems in terms of processing load and efficiency.

The following disclosure has been made in light of this situation, and aims to provide a wireless communication node and wireless communication method that achieves efficient processing up to UE connection with reduced processing load, even when dual stack single registration is applied.

One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication node (gNB100) comprising a receiver (measurement processing unit 120, RRC processing unit 125, network interface unit 130) that receives from a terminal a measurement report relating to a cell of a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology, and a transmitter (RRC processing unit 125, network interface unit 130) that transmits a node addition request for a node according to the second radio access technology to a network device, wherein the receiver receives an acknowledgment to the node addition request from the network device, and the transmitter transmits, in response to the acknowledgment, a radio resource control layer message according to the first radio access technology to the terminal, the radio resource control layer message including reconfiguration information used for connection to the cell of the second radio access technology.

One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication node (gNB100) comprising a receiver (RRC processing unit 125, network interface unit 130) that receives a radio resource control layer reconfiguration completion message according to a first radio access technology from a terminal, and a transmitter (RRC processing unit 125, network interface unit 130) that transmits an initial message including identification information of the terminal to a network device, wherein the receiver receives an initial context request for the initial message from the network device, and the transmitter transmits, in response to the initial context request, to the terminal a radio resource control layer message or a medium access control layer control element indicating that the security algorithm held by the terminal is the same as the security algorithm setting applied to a cell of a second radio access technology.

One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication method in a wireless communication node, including the steps of receiving, from a terminal, a measurement report regarding a cell of a second radio access technology different from a first radio access technology; transmitting a node addition request for the node according to the second radio access technology to a network device; receiving an acknowledgment for the node addition request from the network device; and, in response to the acknowledgment, transmitting to the terminal a radio resource control layer message according to the first radio access technology, the radio resource control layer message including reconfiguration information used for connecting to the cell of the second radio access technology.

One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication method in a wireless communication node, including the steps of receiving from a terminal a radio resource control layer reconfiguration completion message according to a first radio access technology, transmitting an initial message including identification information of the terminal to a network device, receiving from the network device an initial context request for the initial message, and transmitting to the terminal, in response to the initial context request, a radio resource control layer message or a medium access control layer control element indicating that the security algorithm held by the terminal is the same as the security algorithm setting applied to a cell of a second radio access technology.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a wireless communication system 10. Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of gNB100. FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the UE 200. Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a dual stack configuration of UE200. Figure 5 is a diagram showing an example sequence of dual stack single registration (via 5G RAN) related to operation example 1. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example sequence of dual stack single registration (via 6G RAN) related to operation example 1. Figure 7 is a diagram showing an example sequence of Dual stack Single registration related to operation example 1 (via 5G RAN, 5G AMF/6G AMF cooperation). Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example sequence of Dual stack Single registration related to operation example 1 (via 6G RAN, 5G AMF/6G AMF cooperation). Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example sequence of dual stack single registration (via 5G RAN) related to operation example 2. Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example sequence of dual stack single registration (via 6G RAN) related to operation example 2. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of SecurityAlgorithmConfig. Figure 12 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of gNB100 and UE200. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001.

The following describes embodiments based on the drawings. Note that identical or similar reference symbols are used to designate identical functions and configurations, and descriptions of these will be omitted where appropriate.

(1) Overall Schematic Configuration of Wireless Communication System Fig. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a wireless communication system 10 according to this embodiment. In this embodiment, the wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system conforming to 5G New Radio (NR) and 6G, and includes a 5G Radio Access Network 20 (hereinafter, 5GRAN20, 6G Radio Access Network 30 (hereinafter, 6GRAN30)) and a terminal 200 (User Equipment 200, hereinafter, UE200).

The wireless communication system 10 may include a wireless communication system conforming to a method called Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 4G. In other words, the wireless communication system 10 may be configured with wireless communication systems conforming to multiple radio access technologies (RATs) with different methods. The wireless communication system 10 may also support functions related to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications).

5GRAN20 and 6GRAN30 each include a radio base station 100 (hereinafter referred to as gNB100). Note that the specific configuration of the radio communication system 10, including the number of gNBs (which may also be eNBs, etc.) and UEs, is not limited to the example shown in Figure 1.

The gNB100 may also employ a fronthaul (FH) interface specified by the Open Radio Access Network Alliance (O-RAN). The gNB100 may include an O-DU (O-RAN Distributed Unit) and an O-RU (O-RAN Radio Unit). The gNB100 can function as a type of NG-RAN node (wireless communication node).

5GRAN20 includes multiple 5G RAN nodes, specifically gNBs (or ng-eNBs), and is connected to 5GC25, a 5G-compliant core network (CN). Similarly, 6GRAN30 includes multiple 6G RAN nodes, specifically gNBs, and is connected to 6GC35, a 6G-compliant core network. 5GC25 and 6GC35 may introduce the concept of CUPS (Control and User Plane Separation), which clearly separates the functions of the user plane and the control plane.

5GC25 and 6GC35 may include logical nodes (network devices) that provide network functions (NF). NF may include an Access and Mobility Management Function 50 (hereinafter referred to as AMF50) that provides access and mobility management functions for UE200, a Session Management Function (SMF) that provides session management functions, and a Location Management Function (LMF) that handles communication control related to location information services specified in 5GC. In addition, a UDM/UDR (Unified Data Management/User Data Repository) may be connected to the AMF and/or SMF. 5GRAN20, 5GC25, 6GRAN30, and 6GC35 may also be simply referred to as a "network."

In addition, 5GRAN20 may be connected to a server managed by a 3GPP service provider or a server managed by a party other than that provider (3GPP or non-3GPP server).

gNB100 is a radio base station that complies with NR, and performs radio communication with UE200 that complies with NR. Note that gNB100 may be composed of a CU (Central Unit) and a DU (Distributed Unit), and the DU may be separated from the CU and installed in a different geographical location. One or more DUs may be connected to a CU. Furthermore, gNB100 (gNB-CU) may be connected to each other via an Xn interface, and CUs and DUs may be connected via an F1 interface. gNB100 (CU) may be connected to AMF50, etc. via an NG interface (which may be called by a different name).

The gNB100 and UE200 are capable of supporting Massive MIMO, which generates a more directional beam (BM) by controlling the radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements; Carrier Aggregation (CA), which aggregates multiple component carriers (CCs); and Dual Connectivity (DC), which enables simultaneous communication between the UE and multiple NG-RAN nodes. The UE200 may also perform handover (HO) to a different RAT.

In a broad sense, the mobility of UE200 may refer to the ease of movement and maneuverability of UE200, but in this embodiment, it may also refer to the minimization of call drops, radio link (including beam) failures, unnecessary handovers, ping-pong states, etc.

UE200 may periodically perform measurement reporting. UE200 may also perform measurement reporting for each event. An entering condition for starting measurement reporting and a leaving condition for ending measurement reporting may be defined for each event. The entering condition may be interpreted as a condition for determining whether or not to include a measurement report in the reporting target, and the leaving condition may be interpreted as a condition for determining whether or not to exclude a measurement report from the reporting target.

UE200 may have two independent protocol stacks. Specifically, it may have two protocol stacks consisting of a physical layer (PHY), a medium access control layer (MAC), a radio link control layer (RLC), a packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP), a radio resource control layer (RRC), and a non-access stratum (NAS). Such a protocol stack may be called a dual stack. A more specific configuration of a dual stack will be described later.

The UE200 may also support Single registration mode and Dual registration mode. In Single registration mode, the UE200 can maintain a single registration for two core networks, specifically 5GC25 and 6GC35. In Dual registration mode, the UE200 can perform independent registrations for two core networks (5GC25 and 6GC35) using separate RRC connections via radio communication nodes (which may be referred to as RAN nodes and may be interpreted as gNB100) conforming to different RATs.

In the case of Single registration mode, UE200 needs to map the UE identification information (GUTI: Global Unique Temporary ID) used in the two core networks in order to enable mobility between the two core networks.

In addition, in this embodiment, channels include control channels and data channels. Control channels include PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel), and PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel), etc.

Data channels also include PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel).

Note that reference signals include Demodulation reference signals (DMRS), Sounding Reference Signals (SRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signals (PTRS), and Channel State Information-Reference Signals (CSI-RS), and signals include channels and reference signals. Note that data may refer to data transmitted via a data channel.

Next, the functional block configuration of the wireless communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, the functional block configuration of the gNB 100 and UE 200 will be described. Figure 2 is a functional block configuration diagram of the gNB 100. Figure 3 is a functional block configuration diagram of the UE 200.

(2.1) gNB100
As shown in FIG. 2, the gNB 100 includes a radio communication unit 110, a measurement processing unit 120, an RRC processing unit 125, a network interface unit 130, and a control unit 140.

The wireless communication unit 110 transmits downlink signals (DL signals) conforming to NR. The wireless communication unit 110 also receives uplink signals (UL signals) conforming to NR. The wireless communication unit 110 may transmit DL signals and receive UL signals using one or more transmit/receive points (TRPs). In this embodiment, a TRP may be interpreted as meaning multiple DL transmit antennas.

The measurement processing unit 120 performs processing related to the cell quality measurement settings by the UE 200 and measurement reports from the UE 200. In this embodiment, the measurement processing unit 120 may receive a measurement report from the UE 200 related to a cell of a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology. Here, the first radio access technology may be 5G or 6G, and in relation to the first radio access technology, the second radio access technology may be 6G or 5G. Furthermore, the first radio access technology and/or the second radio access technology may include LTE.

The RRC processing unit 125 performs various RRC processing. For example, the RRC processing unit 125 can send an RRC Reconfiguration to the UE 200. The RRC processing unit 125 can also receive an RRC Reconfiguration Complete from the UE 200, which is a response to the RRC Reconfiguration.

In this embodiment, in response to a RAN node addition request Ack (acknowledgement) from AMF50, the RRC processing unit 125 may transmit to UE200 an RRC message (e.g., RRC Reconfiguration) according to a RAT (first radio access technology) different from the specific RAT, including RRC Reconfiguration (reconfiguration information) used for connecting to a cell of the specific RAT (second radio access technology).

Furthermore, the RRC processing unit 125 may transmit to the UE 200 an RRC message (e.g., RRC Reconfiguration) including resource information for a random access channel (RACH) in a cell of a specific RAT (second radio access technology).

The RRC processing unit 125 may receive an RRC reconfiguration completion message conforming to a specific RAT (first radio access technology), specifically, RRC Reconfiguration Complete, from the UE 200. Note that in the case of 6G, if the RRC reconfiguration completion message is received, it may be called by a different name rather than RRC Reconfiguration Complete. Also, in the case of 6G, if it is a layer that controls radio resources, it may be called by a different name rather than RRC.

Furthermore, in response to an initial context setup request from AMF50, the RRC processing unit 125 may transmit to UE200 an RRC message or a MAC control element (MAC-CE) indicating that the security algorithm held by UE200 is the same as the security algorithm setting applied to a cell of a specific RAT (second radio access technology).

It is preferable that the RRC message is not an existing message conforming to the 3GPP specifications, but a new message separate from the existing message. However, this does not preclude the reuse of an existing message. Similarly, it is preferable that the MAC-CE is not an existing CE conforming to the 3GPP specifications, but a new CE separate from the existing CE. However, this does not preclude the reuse of an existing CE.

The network interface unit 130 provides an Xn interface between gNBs and an interface (e.g., NG) between the gNB and AMF. The network interface unit 130 may perform processing via these interfaces.

In this embodiment, the measurement processing unit 120, RRC processing unit 125, and network interface unit 130 may form a receiving unit. Furthermore, the RRC processing unit 125 and network interface unit 130 may form a transmitting unit.

The network interface unit 130 may send a node addition request for a node conforming to a specific RAT (second radio access technology), specifically, a RAN node addition request, to the AMF 50. The RAN node addition request may be set for each RAT. For example, a 5G RAN node addition request or a 6G RAN node addition request may be set.

The network interface unit 130 may receive a RAN node addition request Ack in response to the RAN node addition request from the AMF 50. The RAN node addition request Ack, which is an acknowledgement to the RAN node addition request, may also be set for each RAT. For example, a 5G RAN node addition request Ack or a 6G RAN node addition request Ack may be set.

The network interface unit 130 may transmit an Initial UE message containing identification information of the UE 200 to the AMF 50. The type of identification information (UE ID) of the UE 200 is not particularly limited as long as it can uniquely identify the UE 200, but for example, any of the following information may be used:

・GUTI (Global Unique Temporary ID), S-TMSI (Serving Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity)
・SUPI (Subscription Permanent Identifier), SUCI (Subscription Concealed Identifier)
・IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity), IMEISV (Software Version), Masked IMEISV
・MAC address
・EUI (Extended Unique Identifier)-64
Furthermore, the network interface unit 130 may transmit, to the AMF 50, an Initial UE message including information indicating that registration or authentication of the UE 200 has been completed. The registration or authentication of the UE 200 may mean at least one of registration, authorization, and authentication.

The network interface unit 130 may receive an initial context setup request for the initial UE message from the AMF 50.

The control unit 140 controls each functional block that constitutes the gNB100. In particular, in this embodiment, the control unit 140 executes control related to the connection of the UE200 with the RAN and CN. The control unit 140 also executes control related to the registration and authentication of the UE200.

(2.2) UE200
As shown in FIG. 3 , the UE 200 includes a radio communication unit 210 , a measurement reporting unit 220 , a handover execution unit 230 , and a control unit 240 .

The wireless communication unit 210 transmits uplink signals (UL signals) that comply with NR. The wireless communication unit 210 also receives uplink signals (DL signals) that comply with NR.

The measurement reporting unit 220 can measure the quality of the serving cell of the UE 200 and the cells neighboring the serving cell, and report the measurement results to the network (Measurement Report). The measurement reporting unit 220 can perform measurement reports of the source cell and target cell during handover.

The quality to be measured may be, for example, the quality included in the Measurement Report specified in 3GPP TS38.331 (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)).

The handover execution unit 230 executes handover of the UE 200. Specifically, the handover execution unit 230 may execute handover to the destination cell (RAN node) based on control by the gNB 100.

Note that the serving cell may be interpreted simply as the cell to which UE 200 is connected, but more precisely, in the case of an RRC_CONNECTED UE in which carrier aggregation (CA) is not configured, there is only one serving cell that constitutes the primary cell. In the case of an RRC_CONNECTED UE configured using CA, the serving cell may be interpreted as indicating a set of one or more cells that includes the primary cell and all secondary cells.

The handover may also include a conditional handover (CHO) and/or a dual active protocol stack (DAPS) handover. CHO can perform a UE200-initiated handover when certain execution conditions are met. If CHO is not applicable, a normal handover may be performed (which may be called CHO recovery). In CHO recovery, UE200 performs cell selection after a CHO failure, but if a CHO candidate cell is selected, it can directly apply conditional RRC Reconfiguration of that cell to reconnect without sending an RRC Reestablishment Request to the candidate target cell.

In the case of CHO, a transition to a candidate cell may occur when an execution condition is met. The execution condition may be determined based on the quality of the reference signal (RS), specifically, the RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR values.

Furthermore, the destination of a CHO may or may not involve an SCG. In other words, the destination cell of a CHO may be a single cell, or may be composed of multiple cells (which may be interpreted as a cell group) according to a DC.

The control unit 240 controls each functional block that constitutes the UE 200. In particular, in this embodiment, the UE 200 supports dual stack, and can simultaneously connect to two RAN nodes that use different RATs using two protocol stacks. The control unit 240 can execute control related to connections to the RAN and CN using dual stack.

When using Dual stack, either Dual registration mode or Single registration mode can be applied. Dual stack Single registration is also possible, which applies Single registration mode while using Dual stack. Note that Dual Connectivity (DC) differs from Dual stack and Dual registration mode in that it connects (registers) with only a single CN (5GC25 or 6GC35).

(3) Operation of the Wireless Communication System Next, a description will be given of the operation of the wireless communication system 10. Specifically, a description will be given of the operation related to dual stack single registration using the dual stack of the UE 200.

(3.1) Premise and Issues As described above, the UE 200 can be connected to two types of RAT/CN simultaneously. Specifically, the following situations can be assumed.

- UE200 registers with two types of core networks (CNs).

- UE200 is registered with one CN.

- UE200 connects to two or more (two types) of RAN nodes simultaneously.

The above-mentioned RAT/CN may target a combination of 5G and 6G, or a combination of 4G, 5G, and 6G (at least any two). Furthermore, UE200 can perform dual registration with two core networks (e.g., 5GC and 6GC).

Figure 4 shows an example of a dual stack configuration for UE200. As shown in Figure 4, UE200 can register with both 5GC and 6GC using two protocol stacks (dual registration mode). Alternatively, UE200 may register with only one of 5GC or 6GC (single registration mode). When using dual stack while applying single registration mode, this may be called dual stack single registration.

When using dual stack, no special coordination is required between the 5G RAN node and the 6G RAN node. As described above, the protocol stack included in dual stack may be composed of PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and NAS. Figure 4 shows a state in which UE200 is registered only with 5GC (a dual stack single registration state in which the NAS on the 6GC side is inactive).

In the case of dual stack single registration, UE200 needs to access 5GRAN20, 5GC25, and 6GRAN30, 6GC35 sequentially. In this case, the number of processes required to complete UE connection using dual stack is large, and there is room for consideration from the perspective of load reduction and efficiency.

Furthermore, the configuration procedures using Dual stack (which may also be called CN aggregation), specifically the configuration procedures for Dual registration mode and Single registration mode, are not clear. Note that the following operation example targets Dual stack Single registration, but Dual stack Dual registration may also be the target.

(3.2) Operation example 1
Fig. 5 shows an example sequence (via 5G RAN) of dual stack single registration according to operation example 1. Fig. 6 shows an example sequence (via 6G RAN) of dual stack single registration according to operation example 1. Fig. 7 shows an example sequence (via 5G RAN, 5G AMF/6G AMF cooperation) of dual stack single registration according to operation example 1. Fig. 8 shows an example sequence (via 6G RAN, 5G AMF/6G AMF cooperation) of dual stack single registration according to operation example 1.

As shown in Figures 5 to 8, the UE first performs initial access to either a 5G RAN node or a 6G RAN node. Specifically, the UE and RAN node perform a random access procedure and send and receive Msg.1 to Msg.5. In this operation, this example operation is similar to dual connectivity.

For example, when the UE accesses a 5G RAN node, it may perform cell quality measurements after completing the initial access. If the UE finds a 6G cell with good quality, it may report a measurement report of the 6G cell to the 5G RAN node (step 13).

The 5G RAN node sends a RAN node addition request for the 6G RAN node to the 5G AMF (or 6G AMF, the same applies below) (step 14).

The 5G AMF sends a UE context setup request to the 6G RAN node (step 15). The 6G RAN node returns a UE context setup response to the 5G AMF (step 16). The UE context setup response may include an RRC Reconfiguration for the 6G RAN node.

The 5G AMF sends a RAN node addition request Ack to the 5G RAN node (step 17). The RAN node addition request Ack may include an RRC Reconfiguration for the 6G RAN node.

The 5G RAN node sends an RRC Reconfiguration to the UE (step 18). This RRC Reconfiguration may include an RRC Reconfiguration for the 6G RAN node.

The UE returns an RRC Reconfiguration Complete to the 5G RAN node (step 19). The UE sends a RACH to the 6G RAN node based on the RRC Reconfiguration for the 6G RAN node. The RRC Reconfiguration for the 6G RAN node may include a Dedicated RACH resource, and the UE can execute the Dedicated RACH.

In the examples of Figures 7 and 8, both 5G AMF and 6G AMF work together, and a sequence roughly similar to the one described above is executed.

Note that 5G AMF and 6G AMF may be interpreted as 5G CN and 6G CN, respectively. 4G RAN nodes (and Evolved Packet Core (EPC)) may be combined in place of 5G RAN nodes or 6G RAN nodes (the same applies to Operation Example 2 below).

(3.3) Operation example 2
Fig. 9 shows an example sequence (via 5G RAN) of dual stack single registration according to operation example 2. Fig. 10 shows an example sequence (via 6G RAN) of dual stack single registration according to operation example 2.

As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the UE first performs initial access to either a 5G RAN node or a 6G RAN node (similar to Operation Example 1).

For example, when the UE accesses a 5G RAN node, the 5G AMF sends an Initial context setup request to the 5G RAN node (step 7). The Initial context setup request may include the UE ID or NAS PDU(UE ID).

As described above, the UE ID may be any of the following: GUTI, S-TMSI, SUPI, SUCI, IMSI, IMEI, IMEISV, Masked IMEISV, MAC address, or EUI-64. Alternatively, other new UE identification information may be used.

The 5G RAN node may send an RRC Reconfiguration including the UE ID to the UE (step 10). That is, the 5G RAN node may send the UE ID assigned by the 5G AMF to the UE.

The UE then performs initial access to the 6G RAN node (steps 13 to 17). The UE sends an RRC Setup Complete to the 6G RAN node (step 17). The RRC Setup Complete may include the UE ID, the NAS PDU (UE ID), or a bit (which may be 1 bit) indicating that registration, authorization, or authentication has already been completed. Note that this bit information may also be included in the RRC Setup Request in step 15.

The 6G RAN node may send an Initial UE message to the 5G AMF (or 6G AMF) (step 18). The Initial UE message may include the UE ID, the NAS PDU (UE ID), or a bit indicating that registration, authorization, or authentication has already been completed. The 5G AMF may recognize that the UE is already registered or authenticated based on the UE ID or the bit.

The 6G RAN node may send an RRC message or MAC-CE to the UE containing information indicating that the UE has been registered or authenticated (step 20). The RRC message or MAC-CE may be new or may be based on an existing 3GPP specification.

Figure 11 shows an example of SecurityAlgorithmConfig. SecurityAlgorithmConfig is specified in 3GPP TS38.331, and the security algorithms held by the UE may include IntegrityProtAlgorithm and CipheringAlgorithm, as shown in Figure 11.

The 6G RAN node should normally send a security mode command to the UE, but since the UE already has the security algorithm configuration, there is no need to send it again. The UE may generate a security key with the 6G RAN node according to the security algorithm configuration it has.

According to the operational example described above, even when the UE uses dual stack, and especially when single registration mode is applied (dual stack single registration), the number of processes required to complete UE connection can be reduced by avoiding redundant processes. This reduces the processing load and enables efficient processing up to UE connection.

Specifically, in Operation Example 1, the RRC Reconfiguration from the 5G RAN node includes the RRC Reconfiguration for the 6G RAN node, so the UE can perform efficient and rapid initial access with the 6G RAN node in accordance with the RRC Reconfiguration for that 6G RAN node.

Furthermore, in operation example 2, the RAN node can send an RRC message or MAC-CE to the UE that includes information indicating that the UE's registration or authentication has been completed, allowing the UE to quickly establish a connection with a RAN node that complies with a different RAT in accordance with the security algorithm configuration it holds.

(4) Other Embodiments Although the embodiments have been described above, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments, and that various modifications and improvements are possible.

For example, while the above-described embodiment is based on dual stack single registration, dual stack dual registration may also be the target. In other words, even in the case of dual stack dual registration, operations according to operation example 1 or operation example 2 may be performed.

In the above description, configure, activate, update, indicate, enable, specify, and select may be read as interchangeable. Similarly, link, associate, correspond, and map may be read as interchangeable, and allocate, assign, monitor, and map may also be read as interchangeable.

Furthermore, specific, dedicated, UE-specific, and UE-individual may be read as interchangeable. Similarly, common, shared, group-common, UE-common, and UE-shared may be read as interchangeable.

In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "antenna port group," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "resource group," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," and "panel" may be used interchangeably.

Furthermore, the block diagrams (Figures 2 and 3) used to explain the above-mentioned embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of hardware and/or software. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on how each functional block is realized. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are connected directly or indirectly (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. A functional block may also be realized by combining software with the single device or multiple devices.

Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, assessment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission functions is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned gNB100 and UE200 (the device) may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 12 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the device. As shown in Figure 12, the device may be configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007.

In the following explanation, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, device, unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the apparatus may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the diagram, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

Each functional block of the device (see Figures 2 and 3) is realized by one of the hardware elements of the computer device, or a combination of those hardware elements.

Furthermore, each function of the device is realized by loading specific software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communications via the communications device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data from and to the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) that includes an interface with peripheral devices, a control unit, an arithmetic unit, registers, etc.

Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-mentioned embodiments. Furthermore, the various processes described above may be executed by a single processor 1001, or may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may also be transmitted from a network via telecommunications lines.

Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of, for example, at least one of Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), etc. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory (primary storage device), etc. Memory 1002 can store a program (program code), software module, etc. that can execute a method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned recording medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other suitable medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission/reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc.

The communication device 1004 may be configured to include high-frequency switches, duplexers, filters, frequency synthesizers, etc. to realize, for example, at least one of Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).

The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

Furthermore, the device may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects/embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination of these. Furthermore, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system ( xG) (x is, for example, an integer or decimal point), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other appropriate systems, and may be applied to at least one of next-generation systems that are extended based on these. Also, multiple systems may be combined (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

The order of the processing steps, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

In this disclosure, certain operations that are described as being performed by a base station may in some cases be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes that have base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by at least one of the base station and other network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, an MME or S-GW). While the above example shows a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, it may also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

Information, signals (information, etc.) can be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). They may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be sent to another device.

The determination may be made based on a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (for example, comparison with a predetermined value).

Each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched between depending on the implementation. Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to being done explicitly, but may also be done implicitly (e.g., not notifying the specified information).

Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and/or wireless technologies (such as infrared or microwave), then these wired and/or wireless technologies are included within the definition of a transmission medium.

The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

Note that terms explained in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values from a predetermined value, or other corresponding information. For example, radio resources may be indicated by an index.

The names used for the parameters described above are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical formulas using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission/reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the base station's overall coverage area can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head: RRH)).

The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of a base station and/or a base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage area.

In this disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to an object that can move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be a mobile object that moves autonomously based on an operation command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

Furthermore, the base station in the present disclosure may be interpreted as a mobile station (user terminal, the same applies hereinafter). For example, the aspects/embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a mobile station is replaced with communication between multiple mobile stations (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the mobile station may be configured to have the functions of a base station. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as uplink channel and downlink channel may be interpreted as side channel (or side link).

Similarly, the mobile station in this disclosure may be interpreted as a base station. In this case, the base station may be configured to have the functions of a mobile station.

A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

Numerology may be a communication parameter that applies to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. Numerology may indicate, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing operations performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). A slot may also be a numerology-based time unit.

A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

Radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. Other names corresponding to radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol may also be used.

For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station schedules each user terminal by allocating radio resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available for use by each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), code block, code word, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., number of symbols) to which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

Note that when one slot or one minislot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the smallest time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of slots (minislots) that make up the smallest time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be referred to as a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be referred to as a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

Note that a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI with a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI but equal to or greater than 1 ms.

A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, and may be, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

Furthermore, the time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may be one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI in length. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

Note that one or more RBs may also be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), sub-carrier group (SCG), resource element group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (RE). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by the RB's index relative to the carrier's common reference point. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

BWPs may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL (DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a specific signal/channel outside of the active BWP. Note that "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

The structures of the radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols described above are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, as well as the number of symbols within a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length can be changed in various ways.

The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

The reference signal may also be abbreviated as Reference Signal (RS) or may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed therein, or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the noun following these articles being plural.

As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining something as a "judging" or "determining." "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and ascertaining something as a "judging" or "determining." Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

FIG. 13 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in FIG. 13, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021-2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

The drive unit 2002 is composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor.
The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.
The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2027 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

Signals from the various sensors 2021-2028 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the motor current, a front and rear wheel rotation speed signal obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, a front and rear wheel air pressure signal obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, that provide (output) various types of information, including driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc., to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 1.

The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 1 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-2028, all of which are provided on the vehicle 2001.

The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, etc.

The communications module 2013 may transmit, via wireless communication, to an external device at least one of the signals from the various sensors 2021-2028 described above that are input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, the information service unit 2012, etc. may also be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communications module 2013 may include information based on the above input.

The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH (or data/information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from external devices in memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021-2028, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

10 Wireless Communication System 20 5GRAN
25 5GC
30 6GRAN
35 6GC
50 AMF
100 gNB
110 wireless communication unit 120 measurement processing unit 125 RRC processing unit 130 network interface unit 140 control unit 200 UE
210 wireless communication unit 220 measurement reporting unit 230 handover execution unit 240 control unit 1001 processor 1002 memory 1003 storage 1004 communication device 1005 input device 1006 output device 1007 bus 2001 vehicle 2002 drive unit 2003 steering unit 2004 accelerator pedal 2005 brake pedal 2006 shift lever 2007 left and right front wheels 2008 left and right rear wheels 2009 axle 2010 electronic control unit 2012 information service unit 2013 communication module 2021 current sensor 2022 rotation speed sensor 2023 air pressure sensor 2024 vehicle speed sensor 2025 acceleration sensor 2026 brake pedal sensor 2027 shift lever sensor 2028 Object detection sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driving assistance system section 2031 Microprocessor 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM)
2033 communication port

Claims (6)

a receiving unit configured to receive, from a terminal, a measurement report relating to a cell of a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology;
a transmitter configured to transmit a node addition request for the node conforming to the second radio access technology to a network device;
the receiving unit receives an acknowledgment for the node addition request from the network device;
The wireless communication node, wherein the transmitter transmits to the terminal a message of a radio resource control layer according to the first radio access technology, the message including reconfiguration information used for connecting to a cell of the second radio access technology, in response to the acknowledgment. The wireless communication node according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter transmits the message including resource information for a random access channel in a cell of the second radio access technology. a receiving unit configured to receive from a terminal a reconfiguration completion message of a radio resource control layer according to a first radio access technology;
a sending unit that sends an initial message including identification information of the terminal to a network device;
the receiving unit receives an initial context request for the initial message from the network device;
The wireless communication node, in response to the initial context request, wherein the transmitter transmits to the terminal a message of the radio resource control layer or a control element of the medium access control layer indicating that the security algorithm held by the terminal is the same as the security algorithm setting applied to a cell of a second radio access technology. The wireless communication node according to claim 3, wherein the transmitter transmits the initial message including information indicating that registration or authentication of the terminal has been completed. receiving, from the terminal, measurement reports relating to cells of a second radio access technology different from the first radio access technology;
sending a node addition request for the node according to the second radio access technology to a network device;
receiving an acknowledgment from the network device to the node addition request;
and transmitting to the terminal, in response to the acknowledgement, a message of a radio resource control layer according to the first radio access technology, the message including reconfiguration information used for connecting to a cell of the second radio access technology. receiving a radio resource control layer reconfiguration complete message according to a first radio access technology from the terminal;
sending an initial message to a network device, the initial message including identification information of the terminal;
receiving an initial context request for the initial message from the network device;
and transmitting to the terminal, in response to the initial context request, a message of the radio resource control layer or a control element of the medium access control layer indicating that the security algorithm held by the terminal is the same as a security algorithm setting applied to a cell of a second radio access technology.