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WO2025205925A1 - Procédé de calcul de quantité de rayonnement solaire et dispositif de calcul de quantité de rayonnement solaire - Google Patents

Procédé de calcul de quantité de rayonnement solaire et dispositif de calcul de quantité de rayonnement solaire

Info

Publication number
WO2025205925A1
WO2025205925A1 PCT/JP2025/012004 JP2025012004W WO2025205925A1 WO 2025205925 A1 WO2025205925 A1 WO 2025205925A1 JP 2025012004 W JP2025012004 W JP 2025012004W WO 2025205925 A1 WO2025205925 A1 WO 2025205925A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar radiation
pyranometer
transmittance
glass dome
diffuse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/JP2025/012004
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
周 松田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Original Assignee
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by National Agriculture and Food Research Organization filed Critical National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Publication of WO2025205925A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025205925A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01W—METEOROLOGY
    • G01W1/00—Meteorology
    • G01W1/12—Sunshine duration recorders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and device for calculating solar radiation, and is capable of calculating direct solar radiation and diffuse solar radiation using a device with a simple configuration.
  • Fossil fuels are often used to heat horticultural facilities, and decarbonization is required. Meanwhile, solar energy is a sustainable energy source and could become an alternative heat source for heating facilities. Furthermore, decarbonization of horticultural facilities is an urgent priority, and as effective use of local energy sources is explored, there is growing interest in using solar energy to store and heat horticultural facilities.
  • the amount of direct solar radiation D and the amount of diffuse solar radiation S at the measurement time are calculated, where a:b ⁇ c:d.
  • the system includes a calculation execution unit that calculates the amount of direct solar radiation D and the amount of diffuse solar radiation S at the measurement time by solving the simultaneous equations consisting of the above formulas (1) and (2), where a:
  • direct solar radiation and diffuse solar radiation can be calculated using a device with a simple configuration.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a solar radiation calculation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a glass dome.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for calculating diffuse solar radiation transmittance.
  • 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of a solar radiation amount calculation process.
  • 1 is a graph showing the change in the ratio of direct solar radiation transmittance a to diffuse solar radiation transmittance b, and the change in the ratio of direct solar radiation transmittance c to diffuse solar radiation transmittance d depending on the measurement date and time.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of the configuration of a computer that executes program instructions.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a solar radiation calculation system according to this embodiment.
  • the solar radiation calculation system 10 shown in the figure is a system for calculating the amount of direct solar radiation and the amount of diffuse solar radiation.
  • the solar radiation calculation system 10 includes a hemispherical glass dome 30-1, a pyranometer 51-1 placed within the glass dome 30-1, a hemispherical glass dome 30-2, a pyranometer 51-2 placed within the glass dome 30-2, and a solar radiation calculation device 71.
  • Pyranometer 51-1 and pyranometer 51-2 have a sensor unit (not shown) that includes a thermopile, photodiode, etc. Unless there is a need to distinguish between them, pyranometer 51-1 and pyranometer 51-2 will be collectively referred to as pyranometer 51. Pyranometer 51 converts the solar radiation received by the sensor unit into an electrical signal, measures the amount of solar radiation, and outputs the measurement result.
  • the glass dome 30 is placed outdoors on the ground, a table, a desk, etc., and the ground surface, table top, desk top, etc. covered by the glass dome 30 is a circular area.
  • the bottom of the glass dome is set horizontally, and the glass dome is set on that horizontal surface.
  • a pyranometer 51 is set on the bottom of the hemisphere. The center positions of these bottoms are indicated by black circles in the figure, and the pyranometer 51 is set at a position other than the center of the bottom.
  • pyranometer 51-1 and pyranometer 51-2 are installed at different positions within the circular area (the bottom surfaces of glass domes 30-1 and 30-2) covered by glass domes 30-1 and 30-2. That is, within the circle of the bottom surface covered by the glass domes, pyranometer 51-1 is installed at a first position within the circle, and pyranometer 51-2 is installed at a second position within the circle.
  • the first position represents the center of the sensing part (such as a solar radiation sensor) of pyranometer 51-1
  • the second position represents the center of the sensing part (such as a solar radiation sensor) of pyranometer 51-2.
  • the sizes of pyranometers 51-1 and 51-2 are sufficiently small compared to the sizes of glass domes 30-1 and 30-2, any part of pyranometer 51-1 may be approximated as the first position, and any part of pyranometer 51-2 may be approximated as the second position.
  • the first position and the second position may be approximated as described above. More specifically, if the pyranometer is constituted by a cylindrical housing, and the area of the base of this cylinder is sufficiently small compared to the area of the base of the glass dome 30, and the height of this cylinder is sufficiently small compared to the height of the glass dome 30, the first position and the second position may be approximated as described above.
  • the center of the bottom of the pyranometer 51-1 or the pyranometer 51-2 may be approximated as the first position or the second position, respectively.
  • a position within a first circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30-1 and a position within a second circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30-2 are each represented by coordinates (x, y).
  • the east-west direction is the x-axis
  • the north-south direction is the y-axis
  • the center of the circle is represented by coordinates (0, 0).
  • the coordinate values within the circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30 are calculated by dividing the distance in the x-axis and y-axis directions from the center point of the circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30 by the radius of the circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30.
  • pyranometer 51-1 and pyranometer 51-2 are installed so that the coordinates corresponding to the first position in the first circle and the coordinates corresponding to the second position in the second circle are different coordinates.
  • the solar radiation calculation device 71 includes an input unit 91, a calculation execution unit 92, an output unit 93, and a communication unit 94.
  • the output unit 93 outputs the results of the calculations performed by the calculation execution unit 92 to, for example, a display.
  • the communication unit 94 for example, accesses a network (not shown) such as the Internet as necessary, and communicates with other devices connected to the network.
  • (Sunlight path) 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of glass dome 30-1 or glass dome 30-2.
  • the portion indicated by arc A corresponds to the glass surface
  • the portion indicated by line B is the bottom surface of the hemisphere, which corresponds to the circular area covered by the glass dome.
  • Point P1 shown on line B indicates the center of the circle that is the bottom surface of the hemisphere
  • point P2 indicates a point other than the center of the circle.
  • the dotted lines in the figure indicate the optical paths of sunlight incident on point P1.
  • Five dotted lines are shown in the figure, but in reality there are many more optical paths.
  • the dotted lines in the figure are normals to arc A.
  • the optical path of sunlight incident on point P1 is perpendicular to the tangent plane at the intersection of the optical path and the glass of glass dome 30-1 or glass dome 30-2, regardless of the direction of the optical path.
  • the optical path of sunlight incident on point P2 is shown by a solid line.
  • the optical paths that pass through the intersections of the optical paths shown by dotted lines and the glass dome are shown by five solid lines.
  • the angle between the solid line and the dotted line is different at each intersection.
  • the angle between the solid line and the dotted line determines the angle of incidence of sunlight incident on point P2 at each intersection. If the angle of incidence of sunlight is different, the refraction angle will also be different, and the transmittance formed by both angles will also be different.
  • Direct solar radiation is the amount of solar radiation that reaches the area directly from the sun, so once the installation position of pyranometer 51 and the direction and altitude of the sun are identified, the intersection point between the optical path of the sunlight and the glass of glass dome 30-1 or glass dome 30-2 can be identified. Because the direction and altitude of the sun change depending on the date and time, one optical path is determined for direct solar radiation depending on the date and time. On the other hand, diffuse solar radiation is the amount of solar radiation that reaches the area after being reflected by clouds, the atmosphere, etc., so there are always multiple optical paths.
  • the optical path of sunlight incident on point P1 is perpendicular to the tangent plane at the intersection of the optical path and the glass, regardless of the direction of the optical path. Therefore, for sunlight incident on point P1, the transmittance of sunlight related to the amount of direct solar radiation and the transmittance of sunlight related to the amount of scattered solar radiation as it passes through the glass dome 30 are always constant, regardless of the sun's azimuth and altitude.
  • direct solar radiation transmittance the transmittance of sunlight related to direct solar radiation
  • diffuse solar radiation transmittance the transmittance of sunlight related to diffuse solar radiation
  • the solar transmittance when passing through the glass of the glass dome 30-2 can also be calculated.
  • the diffuse solar transmittance d for the glass dome 30-2 is calculated.
  • the calculation execution unit 92 calculates the direct solar radiation transmittance a, the direct solar radiation transmittance c, the diffuse solar radiation transmittance b, and the diffuse solar radiation transmittance d, and solves the simultaneous equations of equations (1) and (2) above to calculate the amount of direct solar radiation D and the amount of diffuse solar radiation S.
  • the condition a:b ⁇ c:d must be met. Therefore, pyranometer 51-1 and pyranometer 51-2 are installed in locations that satisfy the condition that the ratios of the direct solar radiation transmittance and the diffuse solar radiation transmittance at the installation positions of the two pyranometers do not match.
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of the solar radiation amount calculation process.
  • step S21 two hemispherical glass domes are installed.
  • glass domes 30-1 and 30-2 are installed as described above. Note that glass domes 30-1 and 30-2 are placed outdoors on the ground, a table, a desk, etc., and the ground surface, table top, desk top, etc. covered by glass domes 30-1 and 30-2 form a circular area.
  • pyranometers 51-1 and 51-2 are installed at different positions within the circular areas covered by glass domes 30-1 and 30-2.
  • pyranometers 51-1 and 51-2 are installed at locations that satisfy the condition that the ratios of direct solar radiation transmittance to diffuse solar radiation transmittance at the installation positions of the two pyranometers do not match (a:b ⁇ c:d).
  • step S23 the calculation execution unit 92 of the solar radiation calculation device 71 calculates the direct solar radiation transmittance.
  • the direct solar transmittance a is calculated by geometric calculation based on the radius of glass dome 30-1, the position of pyranometer 51-1, and the solar azimuth and altitude. Furthermore, the direct solar transmittance c is calculated by geometric calculation based on the radius of glass dome 30-2, the position of pyranometer 51-2, and the solar azimuth and altitude. It is assumed that the type and thickness of the glass of glass dome 30-1 and glass dome 30-2 are known.
  • step S24 the calculation execution unit 92 of the solar radiation calculation device 71 calculates the diffuse solar radiation transmittance.
  • the calculation execution unit 92 calculates the diffuse solar radiation transmittance b and the diffuse solar radiation transmittance d based on the calculation points on the bottom surface 111 of the virtual dome.
  • step S25 the calculation execution unit 92 of the solar radiation calculation device 71 acquires the measured values of the pyranometers, thereby acquiring, for example, the amounts of solar radiation I1 and I2 measured by the pyranometers 51-1 and 51-2.
  • step S26 the calculation execution unit 92 of the solar radiation calculation device 71 generates a simultaneous equation.
  • a simultaneous equation consisting of the above-mentioned formula (1) and formula (2) is generated.
  • the values calculated in step S23 are used for the direct solar radiation transmittance a and the direct solar radiation transmittance c in formula ( 1) and formula (2).
  • the values calculated in step S24 are used for the diffuse solar radiation transmittance b and the diffuse solar radiation transmittance d.
  • the values acquired in step S25 are used for the solar radiation I1 and the solar radiation I2 .
  • step S27 the calculation execution unit 92 of the solar radiation calculation device 71 calculates the amount of direct solar radiation D and the amount of diffuse solar radiation S by solving the simultaneous equations generated in step S26.
  • the solar radiation calculation system 10 can calculate the amount of direct solar radiation and the amount of diffuse solar radiation without using any special equipment. For example, unlike the conventional method, it is not necessary to prepare a direct solar radiation meter and a solar tracking device to measure direct solar radiation, and a solar radiation shading band and a solar radiation measuring pyranometer to measure diffuse solar radiation, but two glass domes and two pyranometers are all that is required.
  • the solar radiation calculation device 71 can calculate the amount of direct solar radiation and the amount of diffuse solar radiation from the measurements of the two pyranometers.
  • direct solar radiation and diffuse solar radiation can be calculated using a device with a simple configuration.
  • pyranometer 51-1 may be installed at a first position within a hemispherical space covered by a first hemispherical glass dome
  • pyranometer 51-2 may be installed at a second position within a hemispherical space covered by a second hemispherical glass dome.
  • the first and second positions are positions other than the center of the bottom surface of each glass dome.
  • the position of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30-1 in the first space and the position of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30-2 in the second space are each expressed in (x, y, z) coordinates.
  • the east-west direction is the x-axis
  • the north-south direction is the y-axis
  • the direction perpendicular to the ground, table top, desk top, or other surface covered by glass dome 30 is the z-axis
  • the vertically upward direction is the z-axis.
  • the center of the circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30 is expressed as coordinates (0, 0, 0).
  • the spatial coordinate values within glass dome 30 are the distances in the x-, y-, and z-axes from the center point of the circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30 divided by the radius of the circle that forms the bottom of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30.
  • the center of the bottom surface of the glass dome is the center of the circle that forms the bottom surface of the hemisphere corresponding to glass dome 30.
  • the east-west direction is the x-axis
  • the north-south direction is the y-axis
  • the vertical direction perpendicular to the surface covered by glass dome 30, such as the ground surface, table top, or desk top is the z-axis
  • the center of the bottom surface of glass dome 30 is the position indicated by the coordinates (0,0,0).
  • the communication interface 504 is an interface that connects to an external network.
  • the input device 506 may be, for example, a keyboard, mouse, touchpad, microphone, or a combination of these.
  • the output device 507 may be, for example, a display, printer, speaker, or a combination of these.
  • a solar radiation calculation method is the same as that of Aspect 1, except that the two pyranometers are installed in two hemispherical glass domes, and in a space covered by a first glass dome, a measurement value of a first pyranometer installed at a first position within the hemispherical space is designated as I1;
  • the measurement value of a second pyranometer installed at a second position within the hemispherical space that is different from the first position is denoted by I2
  • the direct solar transmittance of sunlight passing through the first glass dome toward the first position is denoted by a
  • the diffuse solar transmittance is denoted by b
  • the direct solar transmittance of sunlight passing through the second glass dome toward the second position is denoted by c
  • the diffuse solar transmittance is denoted by d
  • the direct solar radiation D and the diffuse solar radiation S at the measurement time are calculated by solving the simultaneous equations consisting of Equation (1)
  • a solar radiation calculation method calculates the angle of incidence of sunlight associated with direct solar radiation incident on the first or second position at the time of measurement by identifying the optical path of sunlight associated with direct solar radiation and the point of intersection on the surface of the first or second glass dome based on the azimuth and altitude of the sun, the first and second positions, and the radius of the first and second glass domes, and identifies the value of the direct solar radiation transmittance a or the direct solar radiation transmittance c based on the angle of incidence.
  • a solar radiation calculation method calculates virtual intersection coordinates, which are the coordinates of the intersection between a line extending vertically upward from one calculation point on the bottom surface and the surface of the virtual dome; defines the direction of the virtual intersection coordinates as seen from the first position and the second position as the radiation direction; calculates the included angle between the radiation direction and the normal direction at the intersection point between the radiation direction and the surface of the first glass dome and the intersection point between the radiation direction and the surface of the second glass dome; defines the included angle as the angle of incidence; calculates the solar transmittance corresponding to one calculation point on the bottom surface; and calculates the diffuse solar transmittance b and the diffuse solar transmittance d by averaging the solar transmittances at all calculation points on the bottom surface.
  • a solar radiation calculation method is any of aspects 2 to 5 above, wherein the first position and the second position are a position other than the center of the bottom surface of the first glass dome, and the second position is a position other than the center of the bottom surface of the second glass dome and different from the first position.
  • a solar radiation calculation method is, in any of aspects 2 to 5 above, such that the first position and the second position are either the center of the bottom surface of the first glass dome and the second position other than the center of the bottom surface of the second glass dome, or the first position is a position other than the center of the bottom surface of the first glass dome and the second position is the center of the bottom surface of the second glass dome.
  • a solar radiation calculation method is the same as Aspect 2 above, except that, of the two pyranometers, a first pyranometer is installed outside a hemispherical glass dome and a second pyranometer is installed inside the hemispherical glass dome, and the measurement value of the first pyranometer installed at a first position outside the glass dome is I1, and the measurement value of the second pyranometer installed at a second position in the space covered by the glass dome is I2, the direct solar transmittance a and diffuse solar transmittance b of sunlight heading toward the first pyranometer are set to 1, the direct solar transmittance c and diffuse solar transmittance d of sunlight passing through the glass dome toward the second position are set to 1, and the direct solar transmittance D and diffuse solar transmittance S at the measurement time are calculated by solving the simultaneous equations consisting of Equations (1) and (2), and the second position is a position other than the center of the bottom surface of the glass dome.

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Abstract

Afin de permettre de calculer une quantité de rayonnement solaire direct et une quantité de rayonnement solaire diffusé au moyen d'un dispositif ayant une configuration simple, ce procédé de calcul de quantité de rayonnement solaire implique le calcul de la quantité de rayonnement solaire direct et de la quantité de rayonnement solaire diffusé à l'aide d'au moins un dôme en verre hémisphérique (30) et de deux compteurs de rayonnement solaire (51), dans lequel, si la valeur mesurée provenant d'un premier compteur de rayonnement solaire est I1 et que la valeur mesurée provenant d'un second compteur de rayonnement solaire est I2, la quantité de rayonnement solaire direct D et la quantité de rayonnement solaire diffusé S à un instant de mesure sont calculées en résolvant des équations simultanées qui expriment la valeur mesurée I1 et la valeur mesurée I2 à l'aide d'une transmittance de rayonnement solaire direct a et d'une transmittance de rayonnement solaire diffusé b de la lumière solaire dirigée vers le premier compteur de rayonnement solaire et une transmittance de rayonnement solaire direct c et une transmittance de rayonnement solaire diffusé d de la lumière solaire dirigée vers le second compteur de rayonnement solaire.
PCT/JP2025/012004 2024-03-28 2025-03-26 Procédé de calcul de quantité de rayonnement solaire et dispositif de calcul de quantité de rayonnement solaire Pending WO2025205925A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2024-053644 2024-03-28
JP2024053644 2024-03-28

Publications (1)

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WO2025205925A1 true WO2025205925A1 (fr) 2025-10-02

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6417500B1 (en) * 1997-09-10 2002-07-09 John Graham Wood Solar radiation sensor
JP2015059923A (ja) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-30 株式会社東芝 日射量見積装置、日射量見積方法および日射量見積プログラム
JP2016158606A (ja) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-05 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 灌水制御装置
US20200408605A1 (en) * 2019-06-25 2020-12-31 Michael Gostein Measuring Direct, Diffuse, or Global Solar Irradiance Using Multiple Irradiance Sensors
JP2023131357A (ja) * 2022-03-09 2023-09-22 Ｂｉｐｒｏｇｙ株式会社 日射予測システム及び日射予測プログラム

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6417500B1 (en) * 1997-09-10 2002-07-09 John Graham Wood Solar radiation sensor
JP2015059923A (ja) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-30 株式会社東芝 日射量見積装置、日射量見積方法および日射量見積プログラム
JP2016158606A (ja) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-05 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 灌水制御装置
US20200408605A1 (en) * 2019-06-25 2020-12-31 Michael Gostein Measuring Direct, Diffuse, or Global Solar Irradiance Using Multiple Irradiance Sensors
JP2023131357A (ja) * 2022-03-09 2023-09-22 Ｂｉｐｒｏｇｙ株式会社 日射予測システム及び日射予測プログラム

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