WO2025202265A1 - Container for beverage or foodstuff preparation system - Google Patents

Abstract

A container for use with a machine for preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff, the container including: a storage portion for containing a precursor material; at least part of the storage portion formed of a moulded pulp-based material, wherein the moulded pulp-based material includes a perforation region arranged for perforation by the machine, the perforation region formed by hornification and arranged as an annular ring, the moulded pulp-based material including a stiffening region arranged to stiffen the perforation region, the stiffening region formed by hornification.

Description

CONTAINER FOR BEVERAGE OR FOODSTUFF PREPARATION SYSTEM

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to electrically operated beverage or foodstuff preparation systems, with which a beverage or foodstuff is prepared from a pre-portioned capsule.

BACKGROUND

Systems for the preparation of a beverage comprise a beverage preparation machine and a capsule. The capsule comprises a single-serving of a beverage forming precursor material, e.g. ground coffee or tea. The beverage preparation machine is arranged to execute a beverage preparation process on the capsule, typically by the exposure of pressurized, heated water to said precursor material. As part of this preparation process, the capsule is guided through the machine by a series of complex interactions to load, process and eject the capsule by various mechanisms of the machine and principally a flange portion of the capsule. A perforation region of the capsule is perforated with a perforator of the machine to enable said water to be exposed to the precursor material. Processing of the capsule in this manner causes the at least partial extraction of the precursor material from the capsule as the beverage.

This configuration of beverage preparation machine has increased popularity due to enhanced user convenience compared to conventional beverage preparation machines (e.g. compared to a manually operated Moka pot/stove-top espresso maker).

Due to the complex movement of the capsule through the machine and the exposure to pressurized, heated water, to date only an aluminium based capsule has been implemented with a high degree of reliability. Indeed, other materials have been found to be prone to sticking in the machine or cause other material related errors. W02017063680A1 discloses a capsule formed from a compostable material, in which ribs are formed proximal a perforation region of the capsule. WO202351967A1 discloses a compostable capsule, in which an angular or segmented ring is formed proximal the perforation region of the capsule. Such arrangements may by unsuccessfully perforated by the perforator.

Therefore, in spite of the effort already invested in the development of said capsule further improvements are desirable.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides a container for use with a machine for preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff, the container including a storage portion for containing precursor material (e.g. with a cavity having a base). In embodiments, the container comprises a closing member to close the storage portion.

In embodiments, at least part of the storage portion is formed of a moulded pulp-based material, wherein the moulded pulp-based material includes a perforation region arranged for perforation by the machine, the perforation region formed by hornification and arranged as an annular ring. In embodiments, the moulded pulp-based material includes a stiffening region arranged to stiffen the perforation region, the stiffening region formed by hornification.

As used herein the term “hornification” in respect of a moulded pulp-based material may refer to a process in which a loss of swelling of a fibre wall of the moulded pulp-based resulting from a drying or water removal occurs. It may be associated with a stiffening of fibres of the moulded pulp-based material, which may reduce their ability to form inter-fibre bonds. It may be primarily brought about by a removal of water from fibre walls rather than any associated heat treatments. It may comprise an increase in a degree of cross-linking between microfibrils due to additional hydrogen bonds formed during drying which may not by broken during rewetting. The paper-based material may comprise a low-yield pulp, which may be low in respect of lignin and hemicellulose, and amount of which is selected to permit hornification to occur. Characteristic material properties of hornification may comprise, reduced thickness, (e.g.: a thickness reduced from 0.35 mm ± 10% or 20% or 30% to 0.15 - 0.20 mm ± 10% or 20% or 30% to both range extremities; or a compression ratio of 2 - 3, which can be defined as the initial thickness divided by the reduced thickness), increased stiffness, increased brittle mode failure.

As used herein the term “perforation region” may refer to a region of the container that is configured for perforation, (e.g. in terms of material composition and spatial location) by a perforator of the machine such that conditioned fluid may be injected through the perforation and into the storage portion of the container. As used herein the term “annular ring” may refer to a formation of the perforation region, which may be fully annular e.g. as a single region, or composed as several discrete regions, which together have an overall annular form.

As used herein the term “stiffening region” may refer to a region that is implemented to in some way stiffen the perforation region such that the perforation region is comparatively easier to perforate with the perforator compared to an equivalent formation of perforation region without a stiffening region. Easier perforation may be characterised by one or more of: less displacement of the perforation region around the perforator; increased brittle rather than plastic mode failure; less energy required for perforation. As used herein the term “stiffen” may refer to an increased flexural rigidity of the perforation region. The stiffening region may provide said increased stiffness in operative proximity of the perforation region. As used herein the term “operative proximity” may refer to any portion that can be stiffened to have a substantial effect in stiffening the perforation region. It may refer to an arrangement of the stiffening region with: a direct connection to perforation region, or; indirect stiffening in the perforation region by stiffening a portion of the moulded pulp-based material in which is in proximity but is not directly connected to the perforation region.

By implementing a stiffening region of hornification to stiffen the perforation region, more convenient/reliable perforation of the container may occur during a preparation process. Moreover, by only implementing hornification over the stiffening region, less energy may be required during a manufacturing process that for example, hornification of a whole base of the container, which may also preclude a strong bond of a liner to the region of hornification.

In embodiments, the stiffening regions stiffen the perforation region by increasing a flexural rigidity of the moulded pulp-based material compared to the equivalent arrangement without the stiffening region. By increasing a flexural rigidity of the perforation region, the perforation region may require a higher force for a unit curvature while bending during perforation with the perforator, which may facilitate an easier perforation because the perforator is more likely to cut through the perforation region, rather than cause its displacement without perforation.

In embodiments, the stiffening region is arranged at an outer portion to the annular ring. By arranging the stiffening regions outside the annular ring to stiffen said ring, it may be ensured that a central portion of the annular ring is absent the stiffening regions (e.g. hornification), which may enable a liner member to be more strongly bonded to the centre of the annular ring. Moreover, a higher stiffness outside the annular ring may facilitate comparably easier perforation.

In embodiments, the stiffening region extends in a radial direction. Radially extending extension of stiffening region may provide a high stiffness, since they may act as spokes in a wheel.

In embodiments, the stiffening region is connected to or is separate (e.g. as discrete formations) from the perforation region.

In embodiments, an interior of the storage portion includes a liner member and an inner portion relative to the annular ring of the perforation region is absent hornification and is connected (e.g. via an adhesive) to the liner member. In embodiments, the stiffening region is arranged as a plurality of formations arranged to stiffen the perforation region. By implementing the stiffening region as multiple distributed portions, uniform stiffening of the perforation may be achieved.

In embodiments, the formations have a different angular pitch compared an angular pitch of a perforator of the machine. By implementing the formations of the stiffening region to have an angular pitch about an axis of rotational symmetry of the container, and having the perforator arranged as perforator elements (e.g. blades) with a different angular pitch, (e.g. there are 8 formations and 3 perforator elements) it may be ensured that a condition of each (or two or more) perforator element arranged equidistant between two adjacent formations of the stiffening region is avoided. In embodiments, a pitch of the perforator elements divided by a pitch of the perforator elements may not be a even number.

In embodiments, the formations of the stiffening regions comprise, at a distal end, which is distal the perforation region, a curved tip. A curved tip (e.g. to correspond to the circumference at the radii it is arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the container) may reduce stress concentrations when subject to a load by the perforator. The tip may alternatively be straight.

In embodiment, the formations of the stiffening region are interconnected by a curved region at a proximal end, which is proximal the perforation region. Curved regions may reduce stress concentrations when subject to a load by the perforator. Alternatively, the formations may be linear.

In embodiments, the storage portion includes: a proximal end and a distal end; side walls extending between the proximal end and the distal end; the base connected to the side walls to close the storage portion at the proximal end; a flange portion at the distal end for receiving a closing member to close the storage portion at the distal end.

In embodiments, the perforation region and the stiffening region arranged at the base. In embodiments, the stiffening region extends over the side walls. By arranging the stiffening region to extend from the base and over the sidewalls, substantial stiffening may be provided.

In embodiments, the storage portion is axis symmetric about an axis of rotation, with: the annual ring of the perforation region arranged with a centre point to coincide with said axis, and; the stiffening region is rotationally symmetric about said axis.

In embodiments, the side walls and/or base include rib formations that extend into the interior surface of the storage portion, and; the stiffening region is arranged between (e.g. equidistant in respect of an angular distance) two adjacent (e.g. next to each other) rib formations. By positioning a stiffening region between rib formations, the stiffening regions may complement the stiffness increase provided by the rib formations.

In embodiments, the container is configured with the perforation region stiffened by the stiffening region to be perforated by a perforator as defined herein (e.g. a three bladed perforator with a total cross-sectional area of 2 - 5 mm²), which is positioned to perforate the perforation region with a lower force and/or displacement compared to an equivalent container without the stiffening region. The force may be less than 24 or 20 Newtons or may be 1.3 - 2.6 times less compared to an equivalent container without the stiffening region. The minimum force at which perforated may occur may be above 5 or 10 Newtons. The displacement at which perforated may occur may be 1.25 - 1.75 mm and/or at least 1.1 times less compared to an equivalent container without the stiffening region.

[System and use]

The present disclosure provides a system comprising a container of any preceding embodiment or another embodiment disclosed herein and a machine for preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff. In embodiments, the machine includes: a processing unit for processing the precursor material of the container.

In embodiments, the processing unit comprising a perforator configured for perforation of a perforation region of the container, and; the processing unit to execute a preparation process in which the container is processed, including by perforation of the perforation region, which is stiffened by a stiffening region.

In embodiments, the container processing unit is controlled (e.g. for execution of the preparation process) with a control arrangement, which implements manual (e.g. by user activated mechanisms, which may actuate the processing unit) and/or electrical control by electrical circuitry (which may actuator the processing unt or control the fluid conditioning system).

The present disclosure provides, use of the container of any preceding embodiment or another embodiment disclosed herein for a machine as disclosed herein.

[Method of preparing]

The present disclosure provides a method of preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff from precursor material of a container. The method may be implemented with any preceding embodiment, or another embodiment disclosed herein. In embodiments, the method comprises: perforating with a perforator of said machine a perforation region, which is arranged as an annular ring and is formed of moulded-pulp based material subject to hornification and is stiffened by a stiffening region arranged to stiffen the perforation region, which is formed of moulded-pulp based material subject to hornification, and; supplying conditioned fluid to the precursor material of the container via the perforation.

In embodiments, processing the precursor material includes one or more of the following processes: injecting conditioned fluid into the container via inlets at the perforation region in a base of the container formed by the machine; increasing a pressure of fluid in the container until a rupturing portion of the container ruptures to provide the beverage, and; ejecting a spent container from the container processing unit.

[Method of forming]

The present disclosure provides a method of forming a container for use with a machine for preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff. The method may be implemented with any preceding embodiment, or another embodiment disclosed herein. In embodiments, the method comprises forming by hornification an annular ring-shaped perforation region in a moulded pulp-based material, and; forming by hornification a stiffening region, which is arranged to stiffen the perforation region, in the moulded pulp-based material. The stiffening region and perforation region may be formed concurrently, e.g. with an integrated pressing implemented, or sequentially.

In embodiments, the method comprises: forming a storage portion of the container (e.g. by moulding), and subsequently; processing the storage portion to implement the perforation region and the stiffening region.

In embodiments, the method comprises: forming a plurality of rib formations in the container; using a position of the rib formations to locate a position for formation of the stiffening region (e.g. equidistant two adjacent rib formations).

The present disclosure provides a manufacturing line arrange to form a container by the method of forming a container according to any preceding embodiment or another embodiment disclosed herein.

In embodiments, the manufacturing line implements a series of sequential operations for forming the container. For example: a moulding module may be implemented for formation of a body portion of the container that comprises the storage portion and the flange portion; a hornification module may implement a press for hornification, by means of heat and pressure, of the stiffening region and perforation region; a filling module may fill the storage portion with the precursor material, and; a sealing module may implement a closing member to hermetically seal the storage portion.

The preceding summary is provided for purposes of summarizing some embodiments to provide a basic understanding of aspects of the subject matter described herein. Accordingly, the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein in any way. Moreover, the above and/or proceeding embodiments may be combined in any suitable combination to provide further embodiments. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter described herein will become apparent from the following Detailed Description of Embodiments, Brief Description of Figures, and Claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

Aspects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments in reference to the appended drawings in which like numerals denote like elements.

Figure 1 is a block system diagram showing an embodiment system for preparation of a beverage or foodstuff or a precursor thereof.

Figure 2 is a block system diagram showing an embodiment machine of the system of figure 1.

Figure 3 is an illustrative diagram showing an embodiment fluid conditioning system of the machine of figure 2.

Figures 4A to 4H are illustrative diagrams showing an embodiment container processing system of the machine of figure 2.

Figure 5 is a block diagram showing embodiment control electrical circuitry of the machine of figure 2.

Figure 6 is a flow diagram showing an embodiment preparation process, which is performed by the system of figure 1.

Figure 7 is an illustrative diagram showing an embodiment container of the system of figure 1.

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the container of figure 7.

Figure 9 is a plan view showing the embodiment of the container of figure 8. Figure 10 is a plan view showing the embodiment of the container of figure 7 and a penetrator of the machine of figure 2.

Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the container a penetrator of figure 10.

Figure 12 is a side cross-sectional view showing the cross-section A-A of figure 9 with a superimposed cross-section without a rib formation shown as a virtual section line.

Figure 13 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the container of figure 7.

Figure 14 s a plan view showing the embodiment of the container of figure 13.

Figure 15 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the container of figure 7.

Figure 16 is a plan view showing the embodiment of the container of figure 15.

Figure 17 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the container of figure 7.

Figure 18 is a plan view showing the embodiment of the container of figure 17.

Figure 19 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the container of figure 7.

Figure 20 is a plan view showing the embodiment of the container of figure 19.

Figure 21 is a graphical plot showing perforation force vs. displacement for embodiment containers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Before describing several embodiments of the system, it is to be understood that the system is not limited to the details of construction or process steps set forth in the following description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure that the system is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or being carried out in various ways.

The present disclosure may be better understood in view of the following explanations:

As used herein, the term “machine” may refer to an electrically operated device that: can prepare, from a precursor material, a beverage and/or foodstuff. The machine may be dimensioned for use on a work top, e.g. it may be less than 70 cm in length, width and height. As used herein, the term “prepare” in respect of a beverage and/or foodstuff may refer to the preparation of at least part of the beverage and/or foodstuff (e.g. a beverage is prepared by said machine in its entirety or part prepared to which the end-user may manually add extra fluid prior to consumption, including milk and/or water). As used herein, the term "container" may refer to any configuration to contain the precursor material, e.g. as a single-serving, pre-portioned amount. The container may have a maximum capacity such that it can only contain a single-serving of precursor material. The container may be single use, e.g. it is physically altered after a preparation process, which can include one or more of: perforation to supply fluid to the precursor material; perforation to supply the beverage/foodstuff from the container. The container may be configured for operation with a container processing unit of the machine, e.g. it may include a flange for alignment and directing the container through said unit. The container may include a rupturing portion, which is arranged to rupture when subject to a particular pressure to deliver the beverage/foodstuff. The container may have a membrane for closing the container. The container may have a frustoconical form. The material may be selected such that it is: food-safe; it can withstand the pressure and/or temperature of a preparation process. The container may be defined as a capsule, wherein a capsule may have an internal volume of 20 - 100 ml. The capsule may inclde a coffee capsule, e.g. a Nespresso® capsule (including a Classic capsule).

As used herein, the term “external device” or "external electronic device" or “peripheral device” may include electronic components external to the machine, e.g. those arranged at a same location as the machine or those remote from the machine, which communicate with the machine over a computer network. The external device may comprise a communication interface for communication with the machine and/or a server system. The external device may comprise devices including: a smartphone; a PDA; a video game controller; a tablet; a laptop; or other like device.

As used herein, the term “server system” may refer to electronic components external to the machine, e.g. those arranged at a remote location from the machine, which communicate with the machine over a computer network. The server system may comprise a communication interface for communication with the machine and/or the external device. The server system can include: a networked-based computer (e.g. a remote server); a cloud-based computer; any other server system.

As used herein, the term “system” or "beverage or foodstuff preparation system" may refer to a combination of the beverage or foodstuff preparation machine and the container and optionally a server system or external device.

As used herein, the term "beverage" may refer to any substance capable of being processed to a potable substance, which may be chilled or hot. The beverage may include one or a combination of: tea; coffee; other like substance. As used herein, the term "foodstuff" may refer to any potable substance. As used herein, the term "precursor material” may refer to any material capable of being processed to form part or all of the beverage or foodstuff. The precursor material can be roasted and ground coffee.

As used herein, the term "fluid" (in respect of fluid supplied by a fluid conditioning system) may ref to water. As used herein, the term "conditioning" in respect of a fluid may refer to changing a physical property of the fluid and can include heating and/or pressurisation e.g. to a brewing pressure.

As used herein, the term "container processing unit" may refer to an arrangement that can process a container to derive an associated beverage or foodstuff from a precursor material. The container processing unit may be arranged to process the precursor material by one of more of the following: heating; soaking; steeping; extraction; pressurisation, or; other processing step. The container processing unit may implement one or more of a: container processing position; a container holding position; a pre-ejection position, and; and ejection position. As used herein the term “container processing position” may refer to a position of the container in the container processing unit/the container processing unit itself, in which the container is arranged for proceeding, e.g. it may be sealed in a brewing unit and arranged to receive fluid from a fluid conditioning system. As used herein the term “container holding position” may refer to a position of the container in the container processing unit/the container processing unit itself, in which a container is held in a supply channel ready for capturing by the brewing unit. As used herein the term “pre-ejection position” may refer to a position of the container in the container processing unit/the container processing unit itself, in which the container is separated from an extraction plate ready for ejection from a container holding portion of the brewing unit. As used herein the term “ejection position” may refer to a position of the container in the container processing unit/the container processing unit itself, in which the container is ejected from a container holding portion of the brewing unit by means of an ejection arrangement.

As used herein, the term "preparation process" may refer to a process to prepare a beverage or foodstuff from a precursor material. A preparation process may refer to the processes electrical circuitry executes and/or a user manually executed to control the container processing unit to process said precursor material.

As used herein, the term "electrical circuitry" or "circuitry" or "control electrical circuitry" may refer to one or more hardware and/or software components, examples of which may include: one or more of an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) or other programable logic; electronic/electrical componentry (which may include combinations of transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors etc); one or more processors (e.g. circuitry structure of the processor); a non-transitory memory (e.g. implemented by one or more memory devices), that may store one or more software or firmware programs; a combinational logic circuit; interconnection of the aforesaid. The electrical circuitry may be located entirely at one component of the system, or distributed between a plurality of components of the system (e.g. a server system and/or external device) which are in communication with each other over a computer network via communication resources.

As used herein, the term "processor" or "processing resource" may refer to one or more units for processing, examples of which include an ASIC, microcontroller, FPGA, microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), state machine or other suitable component. A processor may be configured to execute a computer program, e.g. which may take the form of machine readable instructions, which may be stored on a non-transitory memory and/or programmable logic. The processor may have various arrangements corresponding to those discussed for the circuitry, e.g. on-board or distributed as part of the system. As used herein, any machine executable instructions, or computer readable media, may be configured to cause a disclosed method to be carried out, e.g. by the system or components thereof as disclosed herein, and may therefore be used synonymously with the term method, or each other.

As used herein the term “moulded pulp-based” may refer to the or a portion of material forming the container which is one or more of: porous; fibrous; cellulosic; formed of cellulosic material; formed of natural cellulosic material; formed of reconstituted or regenerated cellulosic material; non-woven; is composed entirely of or is a composition of cellulosic pulp; formed of wood-pulp, and; is wet formed. A thickness of the moulded pulp-based material may be 0.5 - 0.15 mm, or .35 mm ± 10% or 20% and if subject to hornification then 0.15 - 0.20 mm ± 10% or 20% or 30% to both range extremities. The moulded pulp-based material may be 200-400 gsm. Examples of suitable pulp based material are provided in WO 2021/145764.

As used herein the term “non-woven” may refer to a fabric-like material which is not woven or knitted. A non-woven material may be made from bonded together fibres. As used herein the term “porous” may refer to material configured with interstices to transmit water (or other liquid) therethrough. As used herein the term “fibrous” may refer to material comprised of fibres, which may be present in one or more of the material constituents. As used herein the term “cellulosic” or “cellulosic material” may refer to conventionally woody (from soft wood and/or hard wood species) and/or non-woody materials, e. g. manila hemp, sisal, jute, bleached and unbleached soft wood and hard wood species. Examples of softwood are Pine, Spruce, Redwood etc. Examples of hardwood are Maple, Oak, Ash, Eucalyptus, Maple, Birch, Walnut, Beech etc. Examples of non-woody origin cellulose-based material are rice, manila hemp, sisal, jute, bamboo, maize, sugar cane, sugar cane residues (bagasse), banana peels, coffee ground. These cellulosic materials may be bleached and unbleached and may include a regenerated or reconstituted cellulose. A cellulosic material may include a regenerated or reconstituted cellulose. As used herein the term “natural cellulosic material” may refer to conventionally woody materials or non-woody materials, which are not regenerated. As used herein the term “reconstituted or regenerated cellulosic material” may refer natural cellulosic material subject to processing that comprises reconstitution or regeneration, examples include rayon and lyocell. As used herein the term “wood pulp” may refer to a lignocellulosic fibrous material, which may be prepared by mechanical or chemical separation of cellulose fibres from one or more of wood, fibre crops, paper or rags. As used herein the term “wet formed” may refer to a process of forming from an aqueous solution of fibres. The aqueous solution of fibres may be heated and pressed in a mould to set the material and remove water therefrom.

[General system description]

Referring to figure 1 , the system 2 comprises a machine 4, a container 6, server system 8 and a peripheral device 10. The server system 8 is in communication with the machine 4 via a computer network 12. The peripheral device 10 is in communication with the machine 4 via the computer network 12. In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: the peripheral device and/or server system is omitted. Although the computer network 12 is illustrated as the same between the machine 4, server system 8 and peripheral device 10, other configurations are possible, including: a different computer network for intercommunication between each device: the server system communicates with the machine via the peripheral device rather than directly. In a particular example: the peripheral device communicates with the machine via a communication interface, e.g. with a Bluetooth™ protocol, and the server system communicates with the machine via a via a wireless interface, e.g. with a I EE 802.11 standard, and also via the internet.

[Machine]

Referring to figure 2, the machine 4 comprises: a processing unit 14 for processing the container 6 (not illustrated in figure 2), and; electrical circuitry 16. The electrical circuitry 16 uses the preparation information (which can be stored on an electrician memory of the electrical circuitry) to control the processing unit 14 to execute a preparation process, in which precursor material of the container 6 is process to a beverage or foodstuff or a precursor thereof. In variant embodiments: the processing unit may also be manually operated (e.g. by a user actuated loading and/or ejection mechanism) which may operate fully manually or partially manually in combination with the electrical circuitry (e.g. with said manual mechanism and electrical circuitry to control a fluid conditioning system, as will be discussed.

[First example of Processing unit]

Referring to figures 3 and 4A, a first example of the processing unit 14 comprises a container processing unit 20 and a fluid conditioning system 22. The container processing unit 20 is arranged to process the container 6 to derive a beverage or foodstuff from precursor material (not illustrated) therein. The fluid conditioning system 22 conditions fluid supplied to the container processing unit 20.

[Fluid conditioning system]

Referring to figure 3, the fluid conditioning system 22 includes a reservoir 24; pump 26; heat exchanger 28, and; an outlet 30 for the conditioned fluid. The reservoir 24 contains fluid, typically sufficient for multiple preparation processes. The pump 26 displaces fluid from the reservoir 24, through the heat exchanger 28 and to the outlet 30 (which is connected to the container processing unit 20 as will be discussed). The pump 26 can be implement as any suitable device to drive fluid, including: a reciprocating; a rotary pump; other suitable arrangement. The heat exchanger 28 is implemented to heat the fluid, and can include: an inline, thermo-block type heater; a heating element to heat the fluid directly in the reservoir; other suitable arrangement. In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: the pump is omitted, e.g. the fluid is fed by gravity to the container processing unit or is pressurised by a mains water supply; the reservoir is omitted, e.g. water is supplied by a mains water supply; the heat exchanger is arranged to cool the fluid, e.g. it may include a refrigeration-type cycle heat pump); the heat exchanger is omitted, e.g. a mains water supply supplies the water at the desired temperature.

[Container processing unit]

Brewing unit Referring to figures 4A - 4H, the container processing unit 20 includes: a brewing unit 34 that comprises container holding portion 36 and a closing portion 38, which are translationally movable relative each other in a global longitudinal direction 100 to implement various states of operation, with the holding portion 36 to include a cavity to correspond in shape to a storage portion 64 of the container 6 and the closing portion 38 to correspond in shape to a flange portion 66 and a closing portion 60 of the container 6 such that the flange portion 66 is pressed between a rim of the holding portion 36 and the closing portion 38 to seal the container 6 in the brewing unit 34 (as will be discussed); a supply inlet channel 40 to direct a user supplied container 6 in a gravitationally fed global depth direction 104 to the brewing unit 34, and; an ejection channel 42 for ejection of a spent container 6 from the brewing unit 34.

Different operative states of the container processing unit 20 comprise:

1) A container receiving state (figure 4A), in which the container holding portion 36 and a closing portion 38 of the brewing unit 34 are separated in the longitudinal direction 100 in a container receiving position to enable insertion of the container 6 supplied from the inlet channel 40 therebetween.

Specifically, the inlet channel 40 includes stops 48, which are arranged to retain the container 6 in a holding position via engagement with the flange portion 66. Guide rails (not illustrated) correspond in shape to and guide the flange portion to the stops 48. The holding position is such that as the brewing unit 34 is moved to the closed position (discussed following) it is closed around the container 6.

2) A container processing state (figure 4B), in which the holding portion 36 and a closing portion 38 of the brewing unit 34 are translated relative each other in the longitudinal direction 100 from the container receiving position (figure 4A) together to a closed container processing position in which the brewing unit 34 is closed around the container 8.

More specifically, referring to figures 4G and 4D, a retaining arrangement 43 of the holding portion 36 comprises hooking members 44. In the example there are two hooking members, which are positioned diametrical opposed relative the container 6. The hooking members 44 are arranged as a hook with a cavity formed of an elastically deformable material, e.g. rubber. The cavity is configured to correspond in shape to a rim of the flange portion 66, and hence is arrangeable in an engaged position (figure 4B - 4D) and a disengaged position (figure 4A) relative said rim. In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated, there are other numbers of hooking members.

As the container processing unit 20 transitions from the container receiving state to the container processing state, the hooking members 44 are pressed to snap fit from the disengaged position to the engaged position. The hooking members 44 hook around the flange portion 66 to retain the container 6 with the storage portion 64.

Referring to figures 4C, the holding portion 36 comprises a perforator 49, which is driven into the container 6 when transitioning from the container receiving state (figure 4A) to the container processing state (figure 4B). The perforator 49 perforates a base 84 of the storage portion 64 of the container 6 to enable fluid to be transferred via the outlet 30 of the fluid conditioning system 22 into the storage portion 64. The perforator 49 is arranged as perforation elements with a total cross-sectional area of 2 - 5 mm² (e.g. as experienced by the container, as defined in a plane aligned to the lateral direction 102 and depth direction 104, which may be referred to as an equivalent wetted area). The perforator 49 applies a combined force (i.e. through all of the perforation elements summed together) of 1 - 50 N or 2 - 20 N in the longitudinal direction 100 into a perforation region of the container. The perforation region can be perforated by various failure modes including incision and/or brittle fracture, as will be discussed. The perforator 49 comprises three blades, which are disposed circumferentially about the axis 106 of the container 6 as will be discussed. The perforation elements may integrate the outlet 30 (e.g. as an injector) or have a separate injector operatively coupled thereto. In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: the perforator comprises other numbers of blades, e.g. 1 , 2 or 4; the perforator has a different total cross- sectional area, e.g. 1 - 10 mm²; the perforator applies a different force. The perforator 49 can be fixed to move with the holding portion 36 or independently actuatable, e.g. actuated by hydraulic pressure from the fluid conditioning system 22.

Referring to figure 4C, with the container in a processing position, the outlet 30 of the fluid conditioning system 22 (shown in figure 3) is operatively connected to the holding portion 36 and injects fluid into the container 6 in the container processing state.

The fluid is typically pressurised (e.g. at 10 - 20 Bar) and heated (e.g. at 50 - 98 degrees C). The pressure is increased over a predetermined amount of time until a pressure of a rupturing portion, which is the closing member of the capsule 6 reaches a threshold. This causes rupture of said member and the beverage to be dispensed to the beverage outlet (not illustrated) through the closing portion 38.

The closing portion 38 implements an extraction plate with apertures for outlet (not illustrated) of the beverage/food stuff from the storage portion 64. The outlet is fluidically connected to an outlet of the machine 4 (also not illustrated). When the fluid pressure (controlled by the pump 26 of the fluid conditioning system 22) in the storage portion 64 is increased to said threshold, the closing member 60 of the container 6 ruptures to effect said outlet.

3) A container pre-ejection state (figure 4E), in which the holding portion 36 and a closing portion 38 of the brewing unit 34 are translated relative each other in the longitudinal direction 100 from the closed position to an open pre-ejection position. Specifically, the hooking members 44 (as discussed in association with figure 4C and 4D) retain the flange portion 66 of the capsule 6 to move with the holding portion 36 and therefore pull the closing member 60 of the container 6 from the closing member 38 of the of the brewing unit 34. 4) A container ejection state (Figure 4F), in which the container 6 is ejected from the hooking members 44. Specifically, the container processing unit 20 includes an ejection arrangement 45. The ejection arrangement 45 comprises a sleeve 46 that sleeves the holding portion 36 and is independently translatable in the longitudinal direction 100 relative thereto. The ejection arrangement 45 includes ejectors 47 (as best seen in figure 4C and 4G). In the example there are two ejectors 47, which are positioned proximal the hooking members 44. The ejectors 47 engage the flange portion 66 when transitioning from the pre-ejection state (figure 4E) to the container ejection state (Figure 4F) to push the flange portion 66 from the hooking members 44, hence from an engaged position to a disengaged position.

Referring to figure 4H), the container processing unit 20 is restored from the container ejection state (Figure 4F) to the container receiving state of (figure 4A). The container 6, that has been pushed from the hooking members 44 is released with sufficient energy for it to be transmitted to the ejection channel 42 through which it is transmitted. The energy may be above a predetermined amount sufficient to propel the container 6 at above a particular velocity into the ejection channel 42.

The brewing unit 34 can be actuator driven or manually movable between the aforementioned positions. Typically, the closing portion 38 remains in a fixed position relative a body of the machine 4 whilst the holding portion 36 is translated. In variant embodiments, the container processing unit can be alternatively implemented, e.g. with rotation between the holding portion 36 and a closing portion 38. An example of a suitable container processing unit is provided in WO2011124484 A1.

[Control electrical circuitry]

Referring to figure 5, the electrical circuitry 16 is implemented as control electrical circuitry 48 to control the processing unit 14 to execute a preparation process. In the embodiment of figure 5, for illustrative purposes, the processing unit 14 is exemplified as comprising the container processing unit 20 and a fluid supply unit 22.

The electrical circuitry 16, 48 at least partially implements (e.g. in combination with hardware) an: input unit 50 to receive an input from a user confirming that the machine 4 is to execute a preparation process; a processor 52 to receive the input from the input unit 50 and to provide a control output to the processing unit 14, and; a feedback system 54 to provide feedback to the processor 52 during the preparation process, which may be used to control the preparation process. The input unit 50 is implemented as a user interface, which can include one or more of: buttons, e.g. a joystick button or press button; joystick; LEDs; graphic or character LDCs; graphical screen with touch sensing and/or screen edge buttons; other like device; a sensor to determine whether a container has been supplied to the machine by a user.

The feedback system 54 can implement one or more of the following or other feedback controlbased operations: a flow sensor to determine a flow rate/volume of the fluid to the outlet 30 of the fluid supply system 22, which may be used to meter the correct amount of fluid to the container 6 and thus regulate the power to the pump 26; a temperature sensor to determine a temperature of the fluid to the outlet 30 of the fluid supply unit 22, which may be used to ensure the temperature of fluid to the container 6 is at a target temperature and thus regulate the power to the heat exchanger 28; a level sensor to determine a level of fluid in the reservoir 24 as being sufficient for a preparation process; a position sensor to determine a position of the brewing unit 34 (e.g. a container receiving position or a a container processing position).

It will be understood that the electrical circuitry 16, 48 is suitably adapted for the various examples of the processing unit 14, e.g. for an actuator driven or manually driven brewing unit 34.

[Preparation Process]

Referring to figure 6 and figures 4A - 4H, the execution of a process for preparing a beverage/foodstuff from precursor material is illustrated:

Block 70: a user supplies a container 6 to the machine 4, e.g. via the supply channel 40, with the container processing unit 14 in the container receiving state (figure 4A) such that the container is held in the holding position;

Block 72: the container processing unit 20 is moved to the container processing state (figure 4B) such that the container in the holding position is captured and the hooking members 44 engage the rim of the flange portion 66 as the container 6 is transitioned to the processing position and the container is perforated by the perforator 49; Block 74: the electrical circuitry 16 (e.g. the input unit 50 thereof) receives a user instruction to prepare a beverage/foodstuff from precursor, and the electrical circuitry 16 (e.g. the processor 52) initiates said process;

Block 76: the electrical circuitry 16 controls the processing unit 14, e.g. the fluid conditioning system 22, to supply fluid to the perforated container 6. The fluid temperature, pressure, and time duration can be specified in preparation information stored on electrical memory of the electrical circuitry 16;

Block 78: the container processing unit 20 is moved to the container pre-ejection state (figure 4E). Specifically, the hooking members 44 drag the spent container 6 from the extraction plate of the closing member 38. The container processing unit 20 then is moved to the container ejection state (figure 4F) to eject the container 6. Specifically, the ejectors 47 engage the flange portion 66 to disengage it from the hooking members 44 and the release kinetic energy propels the container 6 to the ejection channel 42.

In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: the above blocks can be executed in a different order, e.g. block 74 before block 70 or 72; some block can be omitted, e.g. where a machine stores a magazine of capsules block 70 can be omitted. As part of the preparation process, the electrical circuitry 16 can obtain additional preparation information via the computer network 12 from the server system 8 and/or peripheral device 10 using a communication interface (not illustrated) of the machine.

[Container]

Referring to figure 7, a container 6 includes: a closing member 60 and a body portion 62. The body portion 62 comprises a storage portion 64, and; a flange portion 66.

A local container coordinate axis includes a longitudinal direction 100, lateral direction 102, and a depth direction 104. A rotational axis 106 extends in the depth direction 100 and defines a radial direction 108, which is in a plane defined by the longitudinal direction 100, and the lateral direction 102.

The container 6 has a circular cross-section when viewed in the plane defined by the longitudinal direction 100, and the lateral direction 102, it is therefore fully rotationally symmetric about the axis 106.

The closing member 60 is arranged in the plane defined by the longitudinal direction 100, and the lateral direction 102. The closing member 60 closes the storage portion 64 and comprises a flexible membrane. The closing member 60 has an interior surface 68 that faces towards the storage portion 64, and an exterior surface 70 that faces away from the storage portion 64.

The flange portion 66 is arranged to interconnect the storage portion 64 and closing member 60 to hermetically seal precursor material. The flange portion 66 is arranged as an annular ring, which extends in the radial direction 108 from an interior edge 72 to an exterior edge 74. The flange portion 60 presents an upper surface 76, which is arranged in the plane defined by the longitudinal direction 100, and the lateral direction 102. The upper surface 76 is connected by an adhesive to a periphery of the interior surface 68 of the closing member 60. A lower surface 78 of the flange portion 66 faces towards the storage portion 64.

The storage portion 64 includes a cavity 80 for storage of the precursor material (not illustrated). The cavity 80 includes a sidewall 82 and a base 84. The sidewall 82 extends principally in the depth direction 104 from a distal edge 86 to a proximal edge 88, wherein proximal and distal are defined relative the base 84. The sidewall 82 tapers with a decreasing radial dimension from the distal edge 88 to the proximal edge 86. The base 84 extends principally in the radial direction 108. but also has a lesser component in the depth direction 104.

The base 84 extends from the axis 106 to a peripheral edge 90 that adjoins the proximal edge 86 of the sidewall 82. The distal edge 88 of the sidewall 82 adjoins the interior edge 72 of the flange portion 66. The storage portion 64 and flange portion 66 are integrally formed.

The capsule 6 has a diameter of 2 - 3.5 cm and an axial length of 2 - 4 cm.

In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: the capsule may have other cross-section shapes, including square, other polygons, or elliptical; the closing member may be rigid or other non-membrane formation; the flange is alternatively connected to the upper surface of the closing member, e.g. by crimping; the sidewall is alternatively arranged, including with the reverse taper or is aligned to the depth direction, or is curved; the base is alternatively arranged, including with as flat or curved; the flange portion is connected to the storage portion rather than being integrally formed; the closing member is arranged as a storage portion, e.g. it comprises a cavity, and; the flange portion is omitted, e.g. the closing member connects directly to the storage portion.

Referring to figure 4C and 11 , the base 84 of the storage portion 64 is perforated by the perforator 49 to form inlets for injection of conditioned fluid into the cavity 80, as will be discussed. [Container perforation region]

Referring to figures 8 - 11 , the container 6 associated with the embodiment of figure 7 includes in a first example the storage portion 64 and flange portion 66 fully formed of a moulded pulpbased material.

In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated, only part of the storage portion may be formed of the moulded pulp-based material, e.g. only the base or a base region.

The storage portion 64 includes a perforation region 110 arranged for perforation by the perforator 49 of the processing unit 14 of the machine 4 (shown in figures 10 and 11). The perforator 49 moves relative the container 6 in the depth direction 104. The perforator 49 comprises three blades, which are disposed circumferentially about the axis 106. The perforation region 110 is arranged in alignment with the perforator 49 in a plane defined by the longitudinal direction 100 and the lateral direction 102, such that it comes into contacted with the perforator 49 as the perforator 49 is displaced in the depth direction 104.

The perforation region 110 formed by hornification as disclosed herein. The perforation region 110 is arranged as an annular ring, the annular ring is aligned to the axis 106.

The perforation region 110 once perforated provides one or more fluid inlets (not illustrated) for injection of conditioned fluid into the cavity 80 of the storage portion 64 for processing the precursor material. Conditioned fluid is injected into the container holding portion 34 (show in figure 4B), which is fluidically connected to said fluid inlets.

In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated, the perforation region is alternatively implemented, including: as a segmented annular ring, in which a series of discrete segments, which are separated by bridges, to form collectively an annular ring; the perforation region alternatively comprises a circular region or other shaped region.

The perforation region 110 may have an outer diameter of 12 - 18 mm and an inner diameter of 8 - 15 mm.

[Container stiffening region]

Referring to figures 8 and 9, in the first example the storage portion 64 includes a stiffening region 112, which is arranged to stiffen the perforation region 110, the stiffening region is formed by hornification.

The stiffening region 112 is arranged as eight formations 114, each of which are circumferentially disposed about and extend from the annular ring of the perforation region 110. Since there are eight formations 114, they have a different angular pitch (an equal angular pitch of 45 degrees), about the axis 106 compared to the penetrator elements 38 (an equal angular pitch of 120 degrees).

The formations 114 are arranged at an outer portion 116 of the annular ring to the perforation region 110. A central portion 118 to the annular ring of the perforation region 110 is absent the stiffening region. A liner member (not illustrated) may be bonded to the central portion 118, which is absent hornification to improve a strength of said bonding.

The liner member may comprise a multilayer biodegradable polymer. An example of which is disclosed in WO 2021/145764.

The formations 114 each extend in the radial direction 108 with respect to the axis 106 and are connected at a proximal end to the perforation region 110, wherein proximal and distal are defined relative the axis 106. The formations 114 have parallel edges in a direction of elongation with a curved tip a distal end. The curvature of the tip is selected to correspond to the circumference at the radii it is arranged with respect to the axis 106.

The stiffening region 112 prevents the perforation region 110 of the base 84 displacing by more than 0.5 - 2 mm in the counter depth direction 104, when the perforation region 110 is subject to a compressive force in said counter depth direction 104 of 1 - 50 N or 2 - 10 N, which is applied by the perforator 49.

In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated, the stiffening regions is alternatively configured, including: with tapered or curves sides; linear or alternatively curved tips; other numbers of formations; formations separate from the perforation region, and; the stiffening region may be arranged at the central region, some examples of which will be provided.

The formations 114 may have a radial length from the distal end to the proximal end (e.g. a greatest radial length) of more that the thickness of the perforation region 110 and/or 1.5 - 10 mm or 2 - 5 mm. A circumferential width of the formations 114 may be 0.5 - 2 mm.

[Container rib formations]

Referring to figures 8, 9 and 12, the storage portion 64 includes rib formations 120 that extend in the counter radial direction 108 into the interior surface of the storage portion 64. The formations 114 of the stiffening region 112 (as best seen in figures 8 and 9) are arranged equidistant between two adjacent rib formations 120. Hence there are the same number of equidistantly spaced rib formations 120 as formations 114 of the stiffening region 112. The rib formations 120 are disposed to stiffen the base 84 of the storage portion 64. The rib formations 120 are arranged as eight discrete units, which are circumferentially spaced apart from each other about the axis 106 with an equal angular pitch. The rib formations 120 extend continuously over both the base 84 and a proximal portion of the side wall 82, as will be discussed.

As best seen in figures 9 and 12, the rib formations 120 are arranged as channels 122 that have a sidewalls 124 and a base 126. The base 126 is linear. The sidewalls 124 curve into the base 126, hence the channels 124 are generally V-shaped with curved peripheries.

The channels 122 extend principally in the depth direction 104 and with a radial direction 108 component so that the base 126 is angled at an angle a of about 50 - 60 degrees to a plane defined by the longitudinal direction 100 and the lateral direction 102 (as best seen in the cross-section of figure 12, when observing the right rib formation side).

As can be best seen in figure 12, the proximal end of the sidewall 82 has a depth dimension d, which is measured from a lowest position of the base 84 to a distal end of the base 126 of the rib formation 120, that is less than about 40% of the total depth D, which is measured from said lowest position of the base 84 to the upper surface 76 of the flange portion 66.

As can be best seen in figure 12, the rib formations 120 protrude in the counter radial direction 108 into an interior of the cavity 80, and no portion of the rib formation 120 has a greater radial dimension than a corresponding portion of the sidewall 82 that does not comprise a rib formation 120. In this way the container 6 can be used with a container holding portion 34 that is not specifically adapted to hold the container 6 (e.g. by implementing grooves to contain an outwardly extending portion of a rib formation).

In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: there are other numbers of rib formations, including 3, 4 or 6; the rib formations may directly adjoin each other; the rib formations have other profiles including II or V-shaped; the rib formations extend outwardly in the radial direction; the rib formations may be alternatively arrange, including with a curved or stepped base; the base may be alternatively angled including an angle a of about 30 - 70 degrees, and; d, is alternatively dimensioned to be is less than about 50% or 30% of D and/or d may have a minimum of at least 10 or 20% D.

Referring to figure 12, the rib formations 120 extend along the base 84 from a virtual peripheral edge 90’ of the base 84 (which is present for a section that does not comprise a rib formation as indicated by the virtual line V) to proximal the perforation region 110. As best seen in figure 9, a distance W defined by a proximal end of the base 126 of the channel 122 is within 4 mm in the radial direction 108 of the proximal most edge of the perforation region 110.

As best seen in figure 12, the rib formations 120 have a maximum channel depth X of about 3 mm. The channel depth X is measured from perpendicular the base 126 to an intersection of the virtual section line V that does not comprise a rib formation. In the example the intersection between the perpendicular distance and virtual section line V occurs at the virtual proximal edge 86’ of the sidewall 82. In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: the depth X can be alternatively dimensioned, inducing 5 mm - 2 mm or 10 mm - 2 mm; the greatest depth may be at a position other than the proximal edge.

As best seen in figure 12, the rib formations 120 extend along the sidewall 82 in the counter depth direction 104 by a distance Y, which is determined as from a virtual proximal edge 86’ of the sidewall 82 for the virtual section line V to a distal end of the channel 122. Distance Y is less than 40% or 30% of the total depth D. A minimum distance of Y may be greater than 10% or 20% of the total depth D.

The rib formations 120 extend along the base 84 in the counter radial direction 108 from the virtual peripheral edge 86’ of the base 84 for the virtual section line V to a radii Z. Radii Z is greater than 30% or 40% of the total radii R of the base. A maximum radii for Z may 90 or 80% of radii R.

In variant embodiments, which are not illustrated: the rib formations are alternatively formed including as formations of increased material thickness e.g. a rib as opposed to a channel that extends into the interior of the cavity, and; the channel may include regions of increased material thickness including at the base.

[Variant examples of stiffening region]

Referring to figures 13 and 14, a second example of the stiffening region 112 differs from the first example in that the formations 114 are separated in the radial direction 108 at the proximal end from the perforation region 110.

The second example may implement the features, where compatible, as well as the associated variants as for the first example, hence for brevity these features are not discussed.

Referring to figures 15 and 16, a third example of the stiffening region 112 differs from the first example in that the formations 114 are connected to each other at the proximal end by curved regions. The third example may implement the features, where compatible, as well as the associated variants as for the first example, hence for brevity these features are not discussed.

Referring to figures 17 and 18, a fourth example of the stiffening region 112 differs from the third example in that the formations 114 extend at the distal end to the sides wall 82 of the storage portion 64. Moreover, the sides of the formations 114 curve with a narrowing circumferential distance to the tip, rather than being parallel up to the tip.

The fourth example may implement the features, where compatible, as well as the associated variants as for the first example, hence for brevity these features are not discussed.

Referring to figures 17 and 18, a fifth example of the stiffening region 112 differs from the fourth example in that the rib formations are omitted.

The fifth example may implement the features, where compatible, as well as the associated variants as for the first example, hence for brevity these features are not discussed.

[Method of formation]

A method of forming a container of the preceding embodiment, may comprise:

Step 1 : forming the body portion (e.g. the flange portion 66 and storage portion 64 integrally) by moulding of a moulded pulp-based material (e.g. by wet forming). The rib formations 120 may be formed during this step.

Step 2: forming by hornification an annular ring-shaped perforation region 110 in the base 84 of the storage portion 64.

Step 3: forming by hornification the stiffening region 12 in the base 84 of the storage portion 64. Steps 2 and 3 may be implemented at the same time, e.g. by apparatus configured to apply heat and/or pressure to cause hornification. Step 3 may be implemented by locating the rib formations 120 in a jig (or other arrangement) which may have protrusions insertable into the rib formations to enable the formations 114 to be formed relative the located rib formations 120.

Step 4: a liner member is bonded to an interior of the storage portion 64.

Step 5: the storage portion is filled with precursor material.

Step 6: the storage portion is closed by connecting the closing member 60 to the flange portion 64. [Perforation analysis]

Referring to the graphical plot of figure 21 , a force in the counter depth direction 104 applied to the previously described perforator 49 (shown in figures 10 and 11), which is aligned with the ring-shaped perforation region 110 of the container s. An associated displacement history of the perforator 49 for said force illustrates a difference in penetration caused by the stiffening regions 12.

Graphical lines 130 illustrate said force displacement relationship for embodiment containers 6 with stiffening regions 12. Graphical lines 132 illustrate said force displacement relationship for the same containers 6 but without stiffening regions 12.

In the graphical plots, a point of contacted between the perforator 49 and the perforation region 110 occurs as the force becomes non-zero.

The graphical plot shows that a peak force (which is generally immediately prior to yield, e.g. at a point of perforation of the ring-shaped perforation region 110 with the perforator 49) is less for the graphical lines 130 of the embodiment containers 6 compared to the other graphical lines 132. A peak force for the embodiment containers 6 is 14 - 18 Newtons. A peak force for the other containers 6 is 24 - 37 Newtons. Hence the embodiment containers 6 have a peak force to penetration that is about 1 .3 - 2.6 times less.

Moreover, at said point of peak force, the displacement is less. Hence the embodiment containers 6 displaced less at the point of yield, and are therefore stiffer.

A displacement at yield for the embodiment containers 6 is 1.25 - 1.75 mm (from the previously discussed point of contact). A displacement at yield for the other containers 6 is generally about 2 mm or more. Hence the embodiment containers 6 have a displacement at yield which is at least 1.1 times less.

It will be appreciated that any of the disclosed methods (or corresponding apparatuses, programs, data carriers, etc.) may be carried out by either a host or client, depending on the specific implementation (i.e. the disclosed methods/apparatuses are a form of communication(s), and as such, may be carried out from either ‘point of view’, i.e. in corresponding to each other fashion). Furthermore, it will be understood that the terms “receiving” and “transmitting” encompass “inputting” and “outputting” and are not limited to an RF context of transmitting and receiving radio waves. Therefore, for example, a chip or other device or component for realizing embodiments could generate data for output to another chip, device or component, or have as an input data from another chip, device or component, and such an output or input could be referred to as “transmit” and “receive” including gerund forms, that is, “transmitting” and “receiving”, as well as such “transmitting” and “receiving” within an RF context.

As used in this specification, any formulation used of the style “at least one of A, B or C”, and the formulation “at least one of A, B and C” use a disjunctive “or” and a disjunctive “and” such that those formulations comprise any and all joint and several permutations of A, B, C, that is, A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B in any order, A and C in any order, B and C in any order and A, B, C in any order. There may be more or less than three features used in such formulations.

In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word ‘comprising’ does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps then those listed in a claim. Furthermore, the terms “a” or “an,” as used herein, are defined as one or more than one. Also, the use of introductory phrases such as “at least one” and “one or more” in the claims should not be construed to imply that the introduction of another claim element by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim element to inventions containing only one such element, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an." The same holds true for the use of definite articles. Unless stated otherwise, terms such as “first” and “second” are used to arbitrarily distinguish between the elements such terms describe. Thus, these terms are not necessarily intended to indicate temporal or other prioritization of such elements. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.

Unless otherwise explicitly stated as incompatible, or the physics or otherwise of the embodiments, example or claims prevent such a combination, the features of the foregoing embodiments and examples, and of the following claims may be integrated together in any suitable arrangement, especially ones where there is a beneficial effect in doing so. This is not limited to only any specified benefit, and instead may arise from an “ex post facto” benefit. This is to say that the combination of features is not limited by the described forms, particularly the form (e.g. numbering) of the example(s), embodiment(s), or dependency of the claim(s). Moreover, this also applies to the phrase “in one embodiment”, “according to an embodiment” and the like, which are merely a stylistic form of wording and are not to be construed as limiting the following features to a separate embodiment to all other instances of the same or similar wording. This is to say, a reference to ‘an’, ‘one’ or ‘some’ embodiment(s) may be a reference to any one or more, and/or all embodiments, or combination(s) thereof, disclosed. Also, similarly, the reference to “the” embodiment may not be limited to the immediately preceding embodiment.

As used herein, any machine executable instructions, or compute readable media, may carry out a disclosed method, and may therefore be used synonymously with the term method, or each other.

The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the invention to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of various implementations of the present disclosure.

LIST OF REFERENCES

2 System

4 Machine

14 Processing unit

20 Container processing unit

34 Brewing unit

36 Holding portion

43 Retaining arrangement

44 Hooking members

49 Perforator

38 Closing portion

45 Ejection arrangement

46 Sleeve

47 Ejectors

40 Supply channel

48 Stops

42 Ejection channel

22 Fluid conditioning system

24 Reservoir

26 Pump

28 Heat exchanger

30 Outlet

16 Electrical circuitry

48 Control electrical circuitry

50 Input unit

52 Processor

54 Feedback system

6 Container

60 Closing member

68 Interior surface

70 Exterior surface

62 Body portion

64 Storage portion

80 Cavity

82 Sidewall

86 Proximal edge 88 Distal edge

84 Base

90 Peripheral edge

110 Perforation region

112 Stiffening region

114 Formations

116 Outer portion

118 Central portion

120 Rib formations

122 Channel

124 Sidewall

126 Base

66 Flange portion

72 Interior edge

74 Exterior edge

76 Upper surface Lower surface

Claims

1. A container for use with a machine for preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff, the container including: a storage portion for containing a precursor material; at least part of the storage portion formed of a moulded pulp-based material, wherein the moulded pulp-based material includes a perforation region arranged for perforation by the machine, the perforation region formed by hornification and arranged as an annular ring, the moulded pulp-based material including a stiffening region arranged to stiffen the perforation region, the stiffening region formed by hornification.

2. The container of claim 1 , wherein the stiffening regions stiffen the perforation region by increasing a flexural rigidity of the moulded pulp-based material compared to the equivalent arrangement without the stiffening region.

3. The container of any preceding claim, wherein: the stiffening region extends in a radial direction; the stiffening region is arranged at an outer portion relative the annular ring of the perforation region; the stiffening region is connected to or is separate from the perforation region, and; an interior of the storage portion includes a liner member, and an inner portion relative to the annular ring of the perforation region is absent hornification and is connected to the liner member.

4. The container of any preceding claim, wherein the stiffening region is arranged as a plurality of formations arranged to stiffen the perforation region, wherein the formations have a different angular pitch compared to an angular pitch of elements forming a perforator of the machine.

5. The container of either of claim 4 wherein: the formations of the stiffening regions comprise, at a distal end, which is distal the perforation region, a curved tip, and/or; the formations of the stiffening region are interconnected by a curved region at a proximal end, which is proximal the perforation region.

6. The container of any preceding claim, wherein the storage portion includes: a proximal end and a distal end; side walls extending between the proximal end and the distal end; a base connected to the side walls to close the storage portion at the proximal end; a flange portion at the distal end for receiving a closing member to close the storage portion at the distal end, wherein the perforation region and the stiffening region are arranged at the base.

7. The container of claim 6, wherein the stiffening region extends over the side walls.

8. The container of either of claims 6 or 7, wherein: the side walls and/or base include rib formations that extend into the interior surface of the storage portion, and; the stiffening region is arranged between two adjacent rib formations.

9. The container of any preceding claim, wherein the storage portion is axis symmetric about an axis of rotation, with: the annual ring of the perforation region arranged with a centre point to coincide with said axis, and; the stiffening region being rotationally symmetric about said axis.

10. The container of any preceding claim, wherein the container is configured with the perforation region stiffened by the stiffening region to be perforated by a perforator as defined herein with a force of less than 20 Newtons compared to an equivalent container without the stiffening region.

11 . A system comprising the container of any preceding claim and a machine for preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff, the machine including: a processing unit for processing the precursor material of the container, the processing unit comprising a perforator configured for perforation of the perforation region of the container, and; the processing unit to execute a preparation process in which the container is processed including by perforation of the perforation region, which is stiffened by a stiffening region.

12. A method of preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff from precursor material of a container, the method comprising: perforating with a perforator of said machine a perforation region, which is arranged as an annular ring and is formed of moulded -pulp based material subject to hornification and is stiffened by a stiffening region arranged to stiffen the perforation region, which is formed of moulded -pulp based material subject to hornification, and; supplying conditioned fluid to the precursor material of the container via the perforation.

13. A method of forming a container for use with a machine for preparing a beverage and/or foodstuff, the method comprising: forming by hornification an annular ring-shaped perforation region in a moulded pulpbased material, and; forming by hornification a stiffening region, which is arranged to stiffen the perforation region, in the moulded pulp-based material.

14. The method of claim 13 comprising: forming a plurality of rib formations in the container; using a position of the rib formations to locate a position for formation of the stiffening region.

15. A manufacturing line arrange to form a container by the method of either of claims 13 or 14.