WO2025201417A1 - Deflection device, flash spinning apparatus, and spinning method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a deflection device, a flash spinning apparatus, and a spinning method therefor. The deflection device comprises a flow guide plate (10) and a deflection plate (20); the flow guide plate (10) is arranged on one side of a nozzle (41) of a flash spinneret; the deflection plate (20) is located on the side of the flow guide plate (10) away from the flash spinneret (40); the side surface of the deflection plate (20) facing the flow guide plate (10) is provided with an arc-shaped deflection surface (21), and the deflection surface (21) curves towards the flow guide plate (10); a flow guide surface (11) is formed on the top surface of the flow guide plate (10); the flow guide surface (11) comprises N curved surfaces which are sequentially connected; and the curvature radii of the N curved surfaces gradually decrease in a direction approaching the deflection plate (20); the curvature radius of the curved surface closest to the deflection plate (20) is the same as the curvature radius of the deflection surface (21). According to the deflection device, fiber bundles falling onto the flow guide surface can be gradually dispersed on the basis of the different curvature configurations of the curved surfaces, thereby effectively preventing the problem of subsequent uneven web formation caused by accumulation of fiber bundles at the point where the fiber bundles come into contact with the flow guide surface.

Description

A steering device, flash spinning equipment and spinning method thereof Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of flash spinning, in particular to a steering device, flash spinning equipment and a spinning method thereof.

Background Art

High-pressure flash jet spinning is an important technology for preparing high-performance fibers and non-woven materials. At present, two methods can be used for fiber formation: vertical jetting and horizontal jetting. Due to the effect of high pressure, when using vertical jetting, the fiber movement speed is too fast and the fibers cannot be effectively dispersed. The high-pressure flash jet mesh nano-micro fiber bundles cannot be evenly meshed, which will greatly reduce the performance of high-pressure flash jet nano-micro fiber non-woven materials. Therefore, in actual production and experiments, horizontal jetting is mainly used for fiber formation, which requires a steering device to change the direction of fiber movement. After the steering device is used, the fiber movement speed can be greatly reduced, and the fibers can be initially dispersed, so that the fibers can be evenly laid in the subsequent process.

Patent No. CN114232212A discloses a flash spinning device based on a multidimensional steering plate and a spinning method thereof, which includes a housing, a conveyor, and a multidimensional steering plate. The multidimensional steering plate is provided with N multidimensional steering plates, which are arranged between the spinneret and the conveyor and alternately arranged on both sides from top to bottom. The flash spinning device uses N multidimensional steering plates to steer the fibers, relying entirely on the direct collision of the high-pressure flash-sprayed polymer jet with the steering device to achieve fiber guidance and dispersion. However, during the fiber guidance process using this method, when the fibers collide with the multidimensional steering plate, the fibers will accumulate in the contact area with the multidimensional steering plate and cannot spread freely during subsequent web formation. Therefore, the fibers cannot be evenly webbed, which also has a significant impact on the performance of the high-pressure flash-sprayed nano-microfiber nonwoven material.

Summary of the Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a steering device, a flash spinning device and a spinning method thereof.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a steering device for steering fibers ejected from a flash spinner. The steering device includes a guide plate and a steering plate. The guide plate is disposed on one side of the flash spinneret nozzle, and the guide plate is horizontally spaced a certain distance from the flash spinneret. The steering plate is located on a side of the guide plate away from the flash spinneret, and is used to steer the fibers ejected from the guide plate.

The side of the deflector plate facing the guide plate is provided with an arc-shaped deflector surface, and the deflector surface is bent toward the guide plate;

The top surface of the guide plate is formed with a guide surface, and the guide surface includes N curved surfaces connected in sequence, and the curvature radius and curvature of the N curved surfaces gradually decrease in a direction approaching the deflection plate; N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;

The curvature radius of the curved surface closest to the steering plate is the same as the curvature radius of the steering surface.

In one embodiment, the roughness of the curved surface closest to the deflector plate is the same as the roughness of the deflector surface;

Wherein, the roughness of the steering surface Ra≤0.1.

In one embodiment, when N is equal to 1, the guide surface is a circular arc surface, and the curvature radius of the circular arc surface and the curvature radius of the turning surface satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁

Wherein, _R0 is the curvature radius of the steering surface, and _R1 is the curvature radius of the arc surface.

In one embodiment, the radius of curvature of the arc surface is between 3 cm and 15 cm, and the distance between the two ends of the guide plate in the horizontal direction is between 5 cm and 20 cm.

In one embodiment, when N is equal to 2, the guide surface is formed by connecting a first curved surface and a second curved surface, the first curved surface is located on a side close to the deflection plate, and the sum of the curvature radii of the first curved surface, the second curved surface, and the curvature radius of the deflection surface satisfies the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁ < R ₂

Wherein, _R1 is the curvature radius of the first curved surface, _R0 is the curvature radius of the turning surface, and _R2 is the curvature radius of the second curved surface.

In one embodiment, the curvature radius of the first curved surface is between 3 cm and 15 cm, and the curvature radius of the second curved surface is between 5 cm and 20 cm.

In one embodiment, the distance between the two ends of the guide plate in the horizontal direction is between 5 cm and 20 cm, and the height of the end of the guide plate away from the deflector plate in the vertical direction is between 3 cm and 10 cm.

In one embodiment, when N is equal to 3, the guide surface is formed by sequentially connecting a first curved surface, a second curved surface, and a third curved surface, the first curved surface is located on a side close to the deflection plate, the second curved surface is located between the first curved surface and the third curved surface, and the curvature radius of the first curved surface, the second curved surface, and the third curved surface and the curvature radius of the deflection surface satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁ < R ₂ < R ₃

Wherein, _R0 is the curvature radius of the steering surface, _R1 is the curvature radius of the first curved surface, _R2 is the curvature radius of the second curved surface, _R3 is the curvature radius of the third curved surface, and _K0 is the curvature of the steering surface.

In one embodiment, the curvature radius of the first curved surface is between 3 cm and 15 cm, the curvature radius of the second curved surface is between 4 cm and 16 cm, and the curvature radius of the third curved surface is between 5 cm and 20 cm.

In the second aspect, the present application also provides a flash spinning device, comprising a flash spinneret, a transfer device and the steering device described in the first aspect, wherein the steering device is arranged on one side of the nozzle of the flash spinneret, and the transfer device is arranged below the steering device for collecting the diverted fibers.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a flash spinning method using the flash spinning apparatus described in the second aspect, comprising the following steps:

The spinning solution is ejected from the nozzle of the flash spinneret, the solvent of the spinning solution evaporates instantly, and the polymer of the spinning solution quickly cools and solidifies to form a fiber bundle;

The fiber bundle falls onto the guide surface of the guide plate, moves along the guide surface and is dispersed;

The fiber bundle guided by the guide plate contacts the turning surface of the turning plate, so that the dispersed fiber bundle is turned to the transfer device for collection.

Compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

By providing a guide plate on one side of the nozzle of the flash spinner, and forming a guide surface composed of N curved surfaces connected in sequence on the top surface of the guide plate, the fiber bundles falling on the guide surface can be gradually dispersed according to the different curvature settings of the curved surface, which can effectively avoid the accumulation of fiber bundles at the place where they contact the guide surface, resulting in the problem of subsequent inability to form a uniform web; in addition, a deflection plate is provided on the side of the guide plate away from the flash spinner, and a deflection surface is provided on the deflection plate that is arc-shaped and curved toward the guide plate, so that the scattered fiber bundles can be deflected.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering device of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering device embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering device embodiment 1 of the present application from another perspective;

FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering device embodiment 2 of the present application;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering device embodiment 2 of the present application from another perspective;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering device embodiment 3 of the present application;

FIG7 is a structural diagram of a steering device embodiment 3 of the present application from another perspective.

Numbers in the figure:
10. guide plate; 11. guide surface; 11a. arc surface; 11b. first curved surface; 11c.
Second curved surface; 11d, third curved surface; 20, turning plate; 21, turning surface; 30, fiber bundle; 40, flash spinneret; 41, nozzle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are constructed and operated in specific directions. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution and do not indicate that the devices or components referred to must have specific directions. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a diverting device for diverting fibers ejected from a flash spinneret 40. The diverting device comprises a guide plate 10 and a diverting plate 20. The guide plate 10 is disposed on one side of the flash spinneret nozzle 41 and is horizontally spaced a certain distance from the flash spinneret 40, the certain distance ranging from 2 to 10 cm, preferably 3 to 5 cm. The diverting plate 20 is located on the side of the guide plate 10 away from the flash spinneret 40 and is used to divert the fibers ejected from the guide plate 10. The diverting plate 20 has an arcuate diverting surface 21 on the side facing the guide plate 10, which curves toward the guide plate 10. The top surface of the guide plate 10 is formed with a guide surface 11, which comprises N curved surfaces connected in sequence. The radius of curvature of the N curved surfaces gradually decreases as they approach the diverting plate; N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. The curvature radius of the curved surface closest to the steering plate 20 is the same as the curvature radius of the steering surface 21 .

Exemplarily, the steering device serves to deflect and disperse the fibers ejected from the flash spinneret 40, that is, after the spinning solution enters the flash spinneret 40, the solvent instantly foams and flashes, and the polymer of the spinning solution cools and solidifies to form a fiber bundle 30, which is ejected from the nozzle 41 of the flash spinneret. The fiber bundle is carried by the high-pressure airflow toward the guide plate, so that the fiber bundle 30 falls on the guide surface 11 of the guide plate 10. Thereafter, the fiber bundle 30 moves along the guide surface 11 and is dispersed there, and then transitions to the deflecting plate 20 that is smoothly docked with the guide plate 10. Finally, the deflecting surface on the deflecting plate 20 deflects and collects the dispersed fiber bundle 30. The speed of the airflow carrying the fiber bundle toward the guide plate can be 5500 m/min, so that the fiber bundle falling on the guide surface can be dispersed step by step.

For example, since fluid moves along a curved surface when it contacts it, the fluid can be dispersed step by step. To this end, the guide surface 11 in this embodiment is composed of N curved surfaces connected in sequence. This effectively ensures that the fiber bundles 30 that fall onto the guide surface 11 are dispersed step by step, resulting in greater uniformity. Furthermore, the radius of curvature of the curved surface closest to the deflector plate 20 is set to be the same as the radius of curvature of the deflector surface 21 of the deflector plate 20. This ensures that the dispersed fiber bundles that fall onto the guide surface 11 are more easily guided and prevent accumulation.

Illustratively, the above-mentioned spinning solution is a spinning fluid made by mixing polymer, solvent and air flow medium in a certain proportion; wherein the solvent can be one of dichloromethane, n-pentane and cyclohexane, and the air flow medium can be one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium and argon.

For example, because the guide surface is composed of multiple curved surfaces connected in sequence, the fiber bundle will be transferred to the turning surface under the guidance of these multiple curved surfaces. To ensure a smoother transition of the fiber bundle from the guide surface to the turning surface, the roughness of the curved surface closest to the turning plate needs to be consistent with the roughness of the turning plate. In this embodiment, the roughness of the turning plate is Ra ≤ 0.1. It should be noted that if the roughness of the turning plate and the curved surface closest to the turning plate is greater than 0.1, the direction of airflow refraction will become uncontrollable, resulting in a large amount of turbulence, which in turn affects the fiber bundle separation effect.

In addition, it should be noted that the roughness of the steering plate and the curved surface closest to the steering plate is tested based on the test standard of GB/T 1031-2009. For specific reference, the GB/T 1031-2009 standard for roughness in the existing technology can be referred to, and no limitation is imposed on this.

The steering device based on the above technical features is provided with a guide plate 10 on one side of the nozzle 41 of the flash spinner, and a guide surface 11 formed by N curved surfaces connected in sequence is formed on the top surface of the guide plate 10, so that the fiber bundles 30 falling on the guide surface 11 can be gradually dispersed according to the different curvature settings of the curved surface, which can effectively avoid the fiber bundles 30 from accumulating at the place where they contact the guide surface 11, resulting in the problem of subsequent inability to form a uniform web; in addition, a steering plate 20 is provided on the side of the guide plate 10 away from the flash spinneret 40, and a steering surface 21 is provided on the steering plate 20 that is arc-shaped and curved toward the guide plate 10, so that the scattered fiber bundles can be diverted.

Example 1

2 and 3 , in one embodiment, when N is equal to 1, the guide surface 11 is a circular arc surface 11 a , and the curvature radius of the circular arc surface 11 a and the curvature radius of the turning surface 21 satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁

Wherein, R ₀ is the curvature radius of the turning surface 21 , and R ₁ is the curvature radius of the arc surface 11 a .

In one embodiment, the radius of curvature of the arc surface 11 a is between 3 cm and 15 cm, and the distance between the two ends of the guide plate 10 in the horizontal direction is between 5 cm and 20 cm.

To facilitate explanation of the function of the steering device in guiding and dispersing the ejected fiber bundle 30 when N is 1, this embodiment is described with the radius of curvature of the arc surface 11a being 8 cm and the distance between the two ends of the guide plate in the horizontal direction being 10 cm, as follows:

Polyethylene, dichloromethane, and carbon dioxide are mixed in a certain proportion to form a spinning solution. The temperature in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is raised to 180°C and the pressure is raised to 8 MPa. The spinning solution is then ejected from a flash spinneret 40. The flash solvent of the spinning solution separates from the polyethylene to form a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle is then ejected from the nozzle 41 of the flash spinneret and, carried by the high-pressure airflow, moves to the guide surface 11 of the guide plate 10. Since the guide surface 11 is a circular curved surface 11a, the fiber bundle is gradually dispersed along the circular curved surface 11a, thereby improving the uniformity of the fiber bundle 30. In addition, a deflector plate 20 is provided on the side of the guide plate 10 away from the flash spinner, and the curvature radius of the deflector surface 21 on the deflector plate 20 is set to the same as the curvature radius of the circular curved surface 11a. This ensures that the dispersed fiber bundle 30 can be more easily guided and does not accumulate.

Example 2

4 and 5 , in one embodiment, when N is equal to 2, the guide surface 11 is formed by connecting a first curved surface 11 b and a second curved surface 11 c. The first curved surface 11 b is located on the side close to the deflection plate 20. The curvature radius of the first curved surface 11 b, the second curved surface 11 c, and the curvature radius of the deflection surface satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁ < R ₂

Wherein, _R1 is the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11b, _R0 is the curvature radius of the turning surface 21, and _R2 is the curvature radius of the second curved surface 11c.

In one embodiment, the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11 b is between 3 cm and 15 cm, and the curvature radius of the second curved surface 11 c is between 5 cm and 20 cm.

In one embodiment, the distance between the two ends of the guide plate 10 in the horizontal direction is between 5 cm and 20 cm, and the height of the end of the guide plate 10 away from the turning plate 20 in the vertical direction is between 3 cm and 10 cm.

To facilitate explanation of the function of the steering device in guiding and dispersing the ejected fiber bundle when N is 2, this embodiment is described assuming that the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11b is 6 cm, the curvature radius of the second curved surface 11c is 9 cm, the distance between the two ends of the guide plate 10 in the horizontal direction is 15 cm, and the height of the end of the guide plate 10 away from the steering plate in the vertical direction is 5 cm, as follows:

Polyethylene, dichloromethane and carbon dioxide are prepared into a spinning fluid in a certain proportion, and the temperature in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is made to reach 180°C and the pressure is made to reach 8 MPa, so that the flash spinneret 40 instantly foams and flashes, and forms a fiber bundle 30 after cooling and solidification, and then ejected from the nozzle 41 of the flash spinneret. Under the carrying action of the high-pressure airflow, the fiber bundle 30 moves to the guide surface 11 of the guide plate 10. Since the guide surface 11 is formed by connecting the first curved surface 11b and the second curved surface 11c, and the first curved surface 11b is arranged on the side close to the deflecting plate 20, the fiber bundle 30 flows from the second curved surface 11c to the first curved surface 11b in sequence, thereby further allowing the fiber bundle 30 to be dispersed step by step, which can make the fiber bundle 30 more uniform. In addition, a deflection plate 20 is provided on the side of the guide plate 10 away from the flash spinner, and the curvature radius of the deflection surface 21 on the deflection plate 20 is set to be the same as the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11b, which can ensure that the dispersed fiber bundles 30 can be more easily guided and will not accumulate.

Example 3

6 and 7 , in one embodiment, when N is 3, the guide surface is formed by sequentially connecting a first curved surface 11b, a second curved surface 11c, and a third curved surface 11d. The first curved surface 11b is located on the side close to the deflection plate 20, and the second curved surface 11c is located between the first curved surface 11b and the third curved surface 11d. The curvature radius of the first curved surface 11b, the second curved surface 11c, and the third curved surface 11d and the curvature radius of the deflection surface satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁ < R ₂ < R ₃

Wherein, R ₀ is the curvature radius of the turning surface 21 , R ₁ is the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11 b , R ₂ is the curvature radius of the second curved surface 11 c , and R ₃ is the curvature radius of the third curved surface 11 d .

In one embodiment, the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11b is between 3 cm and 15 cm, the curvature radius of the second curved surface 11c is between 4 cm and 16 cm, and the curvature radius of the third curved surface 11d is between 5 cm and 20 cm; the distance between the two ends of the guide plate 10 in the horizontal direction is between 5 cm and 20 cm, and the height of the end of the guide plate 10 away from the turning plate 20 in the vertical direction is between 3 cm and 10 cm.

To facilitate explanation of the function of the steering device in guiding and dispersing the ejected fiber bundle 30 when N is 3, this embodiment is described assuming that the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11b is 3 cm, the curvature radius of the second curved surface 11c is 6 cm, the curvature radius of the third curved surface 11d is 8 cm, the distance between the two ends of the guide plate 10 in the horizontal direction is 16 cm, and the height of the end of the guide plate 10 away from the steering plate 20 in the vertical direction is 5 cm. The details are as follows:

Polyethylene, dichloromethane and carbon dioxide are prepared into a spinning fluid in a certain proportion, and the temperature in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is made to reach 180°C and the pressure is made to reach 8 MPa, so that the flash spinneret 40 instantly foams and flashes, and forms a fiber bundle after cooling and solidification, and then ejected from the nozzle 41 of the flash spinneret. Under the carrying action of the high-pressure airflow, the fiber bundle moves to the guide surface of the guide plate 10. Since the guide surface 11 is composed of the first curved surface 11b, the second curved surface 11c and the third curved surface 11d connected in sequence, and the first curved surface 11b is arranged on the side close to the deflection plate 20, and the second curved surface 11c is located between the first curved surface 11b and the third curved surface 11d, the fiber bundle 30 flows in sequence along the third curved surface 11d, the second curved surface 11c and the first curved surface 11b, thereby further allowing the fiber bundle 30 to be dispersed step by step, which can make the fiber bundle 30 more uniform. In addition, a deflection plate 20 is provided on the side of the guide plate 10 away from the flash spinner, and the curvature radius of the deflection surface 21 on the deflection plate 20 is set to be the same as the curvature radius of the first curved surface 11b, which can ensure that the dispersed fiber bundles can be more easily guided and will not accumulate.

Example 4

The present application also provides a flash spinning device, including a flash spinneret, a transfer device and a steering device of the above embodiment, wherein the steering device is arranged on one side of the nozzle of the flash spinneret, and the transfer device is arranged below the steering device for collecting the diverted fibers.

In this embodiment, a flash spinneret is used for instantaneous foaming and flash evaporation, and after cooling and solidification, a fiber bundle is formed and ejected from the nozzle of the flash spinneret. Then, under the carrying action of the high-pressure airflow, the fiber bundle moves to the guide surface of the guide plate and is gradually dispersed. Finally, the steering surface on the steering plate turns the dispersed fiber bundle to the transfer device for collection, thereby making the fiber bundle more uniform and effectively avoiding the accumulation of the fiber bundle at the place where it contacts the guide surface, resulting in the problem of subsequent inability to form a uniform web.

Example 5

The present application provides a flash spinning method using the flash spinning equipment of Example 4, comprising the following steps:

The spinning solution is ejected from the nozzle of the flash spinneret, the solvent of the spinning solution evaporates instantly, and the polymer of the spinning solution quickly cools and solidifies to form a fiber bundle;

The fiber bundle falls onto the guide surface of the guide plate, moves along the guide surface and is dispersed;

The fiber bundles dispersed by the guide plate come into contact with the turning surface of the turning plate, so that the dispersed fiber bundles are turned to the transfer device for collection.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (11)

A steering device for steering fibers ejected from a flash spinneret, characterized in that the steering device comprises a guide plate and a steering plate, wherein the guide plate is provided on one side of the flash spinneret nozzle and is horizontally spaced a certain distance from the flash spinneret, and the steering plate is provided on the side of the guide plate away from the flash spinneret, for steering the fibers ejected from the guide plate; The side of the deflector plate facing the guide plate is provided with an arc-shaped deflector surface, and the deflector surface is bent toward the guide plate; The top surface of the guide plate is formed with a guide surface, and the guide surface includes N curved surfaces connected in sequence, and the curvature radius of the N curved surfaces gradually decreases in the direction approaching the deflection plate; N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; The curvature radius of the curved surface closest to the steering plate is the same as the curvature radius of the steering surface. The steering device according to claim 1, wherein the roughness of the curved surface closest to the steering plate is the same as the roughness of the steering surface; Wherein, the roughness of the steering surface Ra≤0.1. The steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that when N is equal to 1, the guide surface is a circular arc surface, and the curvature radius of the circular arc surface and the curvature radius of the steering surface satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁ Wherein, _R0 is the curvature radius of the steering surface, and _R1 is the curvature radius of the arc surface. The steering device according to claim 3 is characterized in that the curvature radius of the arc surface is between 3 cm and 15 cm, and the distance between the two ends of the guide plate in the horizontal direction is between 5 cm and 20 cm. The steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that when N is equal to 2, the guide surface is formed by connecting a first curved surface and a second curved surface, the first curved surface is located on a side close to the steering plate, and the curvature radius of the first curved surface, the second curved surface, and the curvature radius of the steering surface satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁ < R ₂ Wherein, _R1 is the curvature radius of the first curved surface, _R0 is the curvature radius of the turning surface, and _R2 is the curvature radius of the second curved surface. The steering device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the curvature radius of the first curved surface is between 3 cm and 15 cm, and the curvature radius of the second curved surface is between 5 cm and 20 cm. The steering device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the distance between the two ends of the guide plate in the horizontal direction is between 5 cm and 20 cm, and the height of the end of the guide plate away from the steering plate in the vertical direction is between 3 cm and 10 cm. The steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that when N is equal to 3, the guide surface is formed by sequentially connecting a first curved surface, a second curved surface, and a third curved surface, the first curved surface is located on a side close to the steering plate, the second curved surface is located between the first curved surface and the third curved surface, and the curvature radius of the first curved surface, the second curved surface, and the third curved surface and the curvature radius of the steering surface satisfy the following relationship:
R ₀ = R ₁ < R ₂ < R ₃ Wherein, _R0 is the curvature radius of the turning surface, _R1 is the curvature radius of the first curved surface, _R2 is the curvature radius of the second curved surface, and _R3 is the curvature radius of the third curved surface. The steering device according to claim 8 is characterized in that the curvature radius of the first curved surface is between 3 cm and 15 cm, the curvature radius of the second curved surface is between 4 cm and 16 cm, and the curvature radius of the third curved surface is between 5 cm and 20. A flash spinning device, characterized in that it comprises a flash spinneret, a transfer device and a steering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the steering device is arranged on one side of the nozzle of the flash spinneret, and the transfer device is arranged below the steering device for collecting the diverted fibers. A flash spinning method using the flash spinning equipment according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: The spinning solution is ejected from the nozzle of the flash spinneret, the solvent of the spinning solution evaporates, and the polymer of the spinning solution cools and solidifies to form a fiber bundle; The fiber bundle falls onto the guide surface of the guide plate, moves along the guide surface and is dispersed; The fiber bundles dispersed by the guide plate come into contact with the turning surface of the turning plate, so that the dispersed fiber bundles are turned to the transfer device for collection.