WO2025247775A1

WO2025247775A1 - Wash concentrates and end use compositions with anionic surfactant comprising alpha olefin sulfonate

Info

Publication number: WO2025247775A1
Application number: PCT/EP2025/064341
Authority: WO
Inventors: Douglas John HIBAN; Teanoosh Moaddel; Yingxia Wang
Original assignee: Unilever Global IP Ltd; Unilever IP Holdings BV; Conopco Inc
Current assignee: Unilever Global IP Ltd; Unilever IP Holdings BV; Conopco Inc
Priority date: 2024-05-27
Filing date: 2025-05-23
Publication date: 2025-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2026-11-27

Abstract

A concentrate composition and wash composition made by diluting the concentrate are described. The concentrate has an anionic surfactant, and a zwitterionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant or both, where the anionic surfactant is predominately an alpha olefin sulfonate and the concentrate and wash composition may be made substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants.

Description

WASH CONCENTRATES AND END USE COMPOSITIONS WITH ANIONIC SURFACTANT COMPRISING ALPHA OLEFIN SULFONATE

Field of the Invention

The present invention is directed to a concentrate composition and end use wash composition that can be made by diluting the concentrate composition. The concentrate composition comprises anionic surfactant that makes up from 45 to 75% by weight of the total weight of surfactant present in the concentrate. The anionic surfactant used is at least 70% by weight alpha olefin sulphonate based on total weight of the anionic surfactant. The alpha olefin sulfonate used is not required to be palm kernel oil derived, and the concentrate composition is surprisingly easy to pour and hydrate, resulting in an end use wash composition having a viscosity that is higher than the viscosity of the concentrate, is stable and provides excellent sensory and lathering characteristics when used, where stable means free of syneresis, precipitate formation, color change and odor change, even after being stored at 22°O for 2 months. The resulting end use wash composition is suitable to be formulated substantially free of at least one of a sulfate-based surfactant, palm kernel oil derived surfactant, paraben, hydantoin, isothiazolinone, phthalate, dye, acrylate-based thickener, dioxane and silicone oil.

Background of the Invention

Liquid based cleansing compositions, such as shampoos and body washes, are common and enjoyed by many consumers. Such compositions typically have water as the predominant ingredient, and they are often sold in plastic bottles, sachets or tubes. The compositions are conventionally formulated to have a viscosity that is customary for consumer use and easy for evacuation from the package they are sold in.

It is often publicized that the world’s oceans will soon have more plastic than fish. Given environmental concerns and the desire for consumers and conscious companies to do more for the planet, there is an increasing desire to use less plastic when selling products, including personal wash products. Additionally, certain consumers do prefer extra gentle wash compositions and often those that have less or no sulfate-based surfactants. In view of the foregoing, efforts have been made to sell product with surfactant in concentrate form, and therefore, ship product that comprises less water. The difficulty with concentrates is consumers often do not like adding additional water to the concentrate and further work, like stirring and shaking, to transform the concentrate into an end use product. As to the hydrated product, common consumer complaints include the concentrate is hard to pour, wash product is not homogeneous after adding water, and making the product is time consuming.

It is of increasing interest to develop a concentrate composition that is easy to pour and dilute (or hydrate), results in a consumer product that is homogeneous, that is ready to use in under five (5) minutes and of very desirable characteristics, including viscosity. It is also desirable to develop a concentrate that is suitable to be substantially free of at least one of sulfate-based surfactants, palm kernel oil derived surfactants, parabens, phthalates, hydantoins, acrylate- based thickeners, dioxanes, silicones or a combination thereof and that results in a stable isotropic wash composition after being diluted, and especially, with anionic surfactant that is biodegradable. This invention, therefore, is directed to a concentrate composition that comprises anionic surfactant that is at least 70% by weight alpha olefin sulfonate based on total weight of the anionic surfactant in the concentrate. The alpha olefin sulfonate used is not required to be palm kernel oil derived, and the concentrate composition is surprisingly easy to hydrate, resulting in an end use wash composition having a viscosity that is higher than the viscosity of the concentrate. The end use wash composition is surprisingly stable and provides excellent sensory and lathering characteristics when used.

Additionally, the concentrate composition can be diluted as needed by a consumer to yield a just in time wash (e g., in a consumer’s hands), can be diluted with water in refill packaging by a consumer, can be diluted within a manufacturing facility or provided in a refill kiosk for consumers to subsequently dilute, all of which ensure a reduction in plastic waste.

Additional information

Efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication no. 2012149629 A1 , pumpable pearlescent concentrates having high active content are described.

Other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication no. 20210220243 A1 , hydratable compositions having surfactants are described. Further efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication no. 2023045404 A1 , an isotropic concentrate that is hydratable and suitable to transform into an end use wash composition is described.

Even other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication 2018/098923 A1 , personal care compositions substantially free of sulfated surfactants are described.

Still other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application 2019/282480 A1 , self-thickening cleansing compositions with N-acyl acidic amino acids or salts thereof and an amphoteric surfactant are described.

None of the additional information describes a concentrate composition having anionic surfactant that makes up from 48 to 65% by weight of the total weight of surfactant present where the anionic surfactant used is at least 70% by weight alpha olefin sulphonate.

Summary of the Invention

In a first aspect the present invention is directed to a concentrate composition comprising: a. anionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant making up from 45 to 75%, and preferably, from 50 to 70%, and preferably, from 52 to 68% or from 58 to 65% or from 59 to 63% by weight of the total surfactant in the concentrate and comprising at least 70% by weight, and preferably, from 75 to 95%, and most preferably, from 80 to 90% or from 85 to 99% or from 95 to 100% or 100% by weight alpha olefin sulphonate by weight of total anionic surfactant; b. amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or a mixture thereof making up from 6 to 17% by weight of the concentrate; c. from 42 to 72% by weight water; d. less than 2.0% by weight thickener, the thickener being at least 65%, and preferably, 70 to 100%, and most preferably, 80 to 100% or from 90 to 100% or 95 to 100% or 100% by weight plant derived; e. a pH from 6.5 to 7.1 ; and f. preservative, the concentrate having a viscosity of less than 1 ,000 mPa-s, and preferably, less than 1 ,000 mPa-s, and most preferably, from 1 to 900 mPa-s, or from 2 to 825 mPa-s or from 5 to 750 mPa-s or from 40 to 600 mPa-s or from 65 to 300 mPa-s wherein total weight of anionic surfactant is from 1.1 to 2.3, and preferably, from 1 .15 to 2.2, and most preferably, from 1.2 to 2, or from 1 .3 to 1 .9 or from 1.3 to 1.8 times the amount of amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both in the concentrate.

In a second aspect, the invention is directed to a wash composition made from the concentrate of the first aspect of the invention.

In a third aspect, the invention is directed to a wash composition comprising alpha olefin sulfate and a zwitterionic and/or amphoteric surfactant wherein the anionic surfactant is present from 1.1 to 2.3, and preferably, from 1.15 to 2.2, and most preferably, from 1.2 to 2, or from 1.3 to 1.9 or from 1.3 to 1.8 times the amount of amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both in the wash composition.

In a fourth aspect, the invention is directed to the use of an alpha olefin sulfonate and amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both to make a concentrate that thickens after dilution.

All other aspects of the present invention will more readily become apparent from the description and Examples which follow.

Hydratable, as used herein, means add and/or add and absorb water (i.e., to dilute) a composition that has water to yield a wash composition. In the context of this invention, ‘hydratable composition’ is used as synonym for ‘concentrate’. Skin, as used herein, is meant to include skin on the arms (including underarms), face, feet, neck, chest, hands, legs, buttocks and scalp. Concentrate composition means a composition having ingredients or materials, like surfactants, suspended or dispersed therein that increases in viscosity when water is added to thereby, and preferably, to produce an isotropic wash composition suitable for topical application. The concentrate composition is, again, one which can have a viscosity less than 1 ,000 mPa-s. The wash composition is an end use composition and one suitable to be wiped or washed off, and preferably, washed off with water. Such a wash composition can be a home care cleaning composition but is preferably a shampoo, make-up wash, facial wash, hand wash or personal care liquid body wash. In an embodiment of the invention, the wash composition can have a viscosity from 850 to 35,000 mPa-s (or from 950 to 30,000 mPa-s, or from 1 ,000 to 25,000 mPa-s or from 1 ,000 to 20,000 mPa-s or from 1 ,000 to 16,500 mPa-s, and especially, when a liquid body wash. Often, the viscosity of the wash composition is from 1 ,750 to 6,250 mPa-s when the wash composition is positioned as a hand wash. The wash composition (and concentrate) may, optionally, comprise medicinal or therapeutic agents, but preferably, only cosmetic and non-therapeutic agents for cosmetic purposes to, for example, moisturize skin, clean skin and remove oil, dirt and other soils. In an embodiment of the invention, the wash composition is a home care composition like a window, dishware, tabletop, upholstery, laundry or toilet cleaning composition. In another embodiment, the wash composition is a shampoo or shampoo and conditioner. In still another embodiment, the wash composition is a personal wash composition, and therefore, a liquid body wash to use while, for example, showering or bathing. The concentrate and the wash composition of the present invention may optionally comprise skin benefit ingredients added thereto such as emollients, vitamins and/or derivatives thereof, resorcinols, retinoic acid precursors, colorants, moisturizers, sunscreens, mixtures thereof or the like. The skin benefit ingredients (or agents) may be water or oil soluble. If optionally used, oil soluble skin benefit agents typically make up to 3% by weight of the wash composition whereby water-soluble skin benefit agents, when used, typically make up to 12.5% by weight of the wash composition. The compositions of the invention (i.e., concentrate and wash composition) will typically have a pH from 6.5 to 7.1 , and preferably, from 6.5 to 7, and most preferably, from 6.5 to 6.9 or from 6.5 to 6.8.

Viscosity is taken with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1 ,000- micron gap, a shear rate of 4-15 s^-1 and temperature at 22°C. Increase in viscosity means the concentrate composition of the present invention will have a starting viscosity that is lower than the viscosity of the wash composition after water is added to the concentrate resulting in the wash composition. The concentrate, therefore, thickens after being diluted. The wash composition is made by combining water and concentrate composition and mixing (with moderate shear like stirring, mixing, swirling, and preferably, shaking) the same to produce the wash composition, again, having a higher viscosity than the concentrate composition it is made from. In another embodiment, the concentrate composition may be applied directly on to, for example, a consumer (e.g., hands or body) and when water and shear are applied (like, for example, shearing with the hands with water from a sink or shower) the desired wash composition is made on demand. As used herein, substantially free of sulfate (e.g., sulfate comprising surfactant like sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium lauryl ether sulfate) means less than 2.0% by weight of the wash composition, and preferably, less than 1.5%, and most preferably, less than 1 % or less than 0.5% or less than 0.2% or less than 0.1% or 0.0% (none) by weight sulfate comprising ingredient like surfactant. Excluding dioxanes, substantially free of as it relates to all other ingredients the wash composition of this invention may be substantially free of, such as phthalates and hydantoins, means less than 1.2%, and preferably, less than 0.8%, and most preferably, less than 0.5% or less than 0.3% or less than 0.2% or less than 1 % or less than 0.5% or less than 0.3% or 0.0% (none) by weight of the wash composition. Substantially free of dioxanes (especially 1 ,4-dioxane) means less than 32 ppm, and preferably, less than 22 ppm, and most preferably, less than 12 ppm or less than 5 ppm or less than 2 ppm or less than 1 ppm or less than 0.5 ppm orO (none) ppm based on total weight of the wash composition. As to all ingredients the wash composition of the present invention may be substantially free of, each of such ingredients may be present at an amount from 0.00001 to 0.00004% by weight of the wash composition.

The term comprising is meant to encompass the terms consisting essentially of and consisting of. For the avoidance of doubt, and for illustration, the wash composition of this invention comprising surfactant, water and active is meant to include a composition consisting essentially of the same and a composition consisting of the same. All ranges defined are meant to include all ranges subsumed therein. Except in the operating comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts or ratios of materials or conditions and/or physical properties of materials and/or use are to be understood as modified by the word “about”. The disclosure, as found herein, is to be considered to cover all embodiments as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

As to the alpha olefin sulfonate suitable for use, the same is often represented by the structure:

R*-CH₂-C=C-(CH₂)-S(=O)2-O- Z⁺ la where R’is a Csto C-is linear, branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon. When unsaturated R* preferably has 1 or 2, and most preferably, 1 double bond (i.e., each carbon atom of the bond being sp² hybridized). In an embodiment of the invention, R’is Czi to Cie, and preferably, Ce to Cie, and most preferably, Ca to C-u, and even more preferably, C10 to C12. In an embodiment of the invention, at least 65%, and preferably at least 75%, and most preferably, from 80 to 100% or from 90 to 100% or from 95 to 100% or from 82 to 94% or from 82 to 90% or from 78 to 87% by weight of the alpha olefin sulfonate used is one where R* is C10 to C12 based on total weight of alpha olefin sulfonate in the concentrate composition and wash composition. In even another embodiment, from 96 to 100% or from 92 to 99% or from 90 to 96% by weight of the alpha olefin sulfonate used is one where R* is C10 to C12 based on total weight of alpha olefin sulfonate in the concentrate composition and wash composition.

Z⁺ is a counter ion that typically includes sodium, ammonium and/or potassium ions or a mixture thereof.

As to additional anionic surfactants suitable for use in the present invention and in the event the anionic used is not 100% alpha olefin sulfonate, these include isethionates. Such surfactants include C6-C20 acyl isethionates. These surfactants (esters) are prepared by a reaction between alkali metal isethionate with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20. Often at least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and up to 25% can include fatty acid esters of alkoxylated isethionic acid as described in llardi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,466, entitled "Fatty Acid Esters of Polyalkoxylated IsethonicAcid.” The isethionate surfactants can include the reaction product of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with a base like sodium or potassium hydroxide.

The acyl isethionate surfactant can have the general formula:

R-C-O(O)-C(X)H-C(Y)H-(OCH₂-CH₂)_m-SO₃- M⁺ (lb), where R is an alkyl group having 5 to 19 carbons, m is an integer from 0 to 4 (1 to 4 for the alkoxylated option), X and Y are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons and M⁺ is hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal cation, a lower Ci to C4, alkanolammonium cation and/or a basic amino acid cation. In an embodiment of the invention, M⁺ includes sodium, ammonium and/or potassium ions and preferably, sodium.

It is also within the scope of the invention, when m is 0, for either the carbon alpha or beta to the sulfonate group to have one C1-4 alkyl substitution in place of hydrogen, preferably a C1-3 alkyl substitution and most preferably, a methyl group. It is also within the scope of the invention for R to have a degree of unsaturation and typically no more than 2, and more preferably, no more than 1 double bond. Illustrative examples of the isethionates suitable for use in the concentrate composition and wash composition of the present invention include sodium capryl isethionate, sodium caproylyl isethionate, sodium capryl methyl isethionate, sodium caproylyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, potassium lauroyl isethionate, potassium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl methyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl methyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl methyl isethionate, sodium palmitoyl isethionate, sodium palmitoyl methyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl methyl isethionate, or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, if isethionate is used sodium lauroyl isethionate or sodium cocoyl isethionate or both are often preferred.

Taurates may optionally be used in the concentrate composition and wash composition of the invention. The same are limited only to the extent that they are suitable for use in a consumer product. Illustrative examples of the taurate surfactant that may be used include, for example, those which are acylamides of taurine or N-methyltaurine, and salts thereof. For example, taurates suitable for use are acyl taurates represented by the general formulae:

R¹(C=O)N(R²)CH₂CH₂SO₃ M⁺ (II), where R¹ is C₅ to C₂₉, more particularly, C₅ to C₂₃ alkyl, R² is hydrogen or methyl, and M is as previously defined. In one embodiment, R¹ is C₅ to C₁₇ alkyl. In another embodiment at least half of the R¹ groups are C7-C18 alkyl. In still another embodiment at least half of the R¹ groups are Cg to C15 alkyl or Cgto Ci₃ alkyl. R¹ may be saturated or unsaturated. In yet another embodiment R² is methyl.

Illustrative acyl taurates that may be used with alpha olefin sulfonate and any other anionics selected for use include, for example, taurates commonly known as sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, potassium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl myristoyl taurate, potassium methyl myristoyl taurate, ammonium methyl myristoyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, potassium methyl cocoyl taurate, ammonium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, potassium methyl oleoyl taurate, ammonium methyl oleoyl taurate, sodium lauroyl taurate, potassium lauroyl taurate, ammonium myristoyl taurate, sodium cocoyl taurate, potassium oleoyl taurate, mixtures thereof or the like. In an embodiment of the invention, when taurate is used in the present invention preferred for use is sodium methyl lauroyl taurate.

In an embodiment of the invention, the total weight of anionic surfactant is less than 15%, and preferably, less than 8%, and most preferably, less than 5% or less than 3% or less than 1.5% or 0 to 1 % by weight isethionate, taurate or both. In another embodiment, taurate, isethionate or both make up from 0.5 to 10% or from 0.5 to 7% or from 1 to 5% by weight of the total weight of anionic surfactant present in the concentrate and wash compositions.

Additional optional anionic surfactants that are suitable to use along with the alpha olefin sulfonate and any other anionic surfactant herein described include those generally classified as acyl glutamates and acyl glycinates.

Acyl glutamates (and salts thereof) suitable for optional use include Cs to C20, and preferably, C10 to Cis and most preferably, C12 to C16 or C12 to C14 acyl glutamates where the acyl portion is preferably saturated but suitable to be unsaturated with no more than 2 double bonds, including conjugated double bonds. Illustrative yet nonlimiting examples of the glutamates that may be used include sodium capryloyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, sodium olivoyl glutamate, sodium palmitoyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate or a mixture thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, a mixture of at least two of sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate and sodium stearoyl glutamate is preferred. In another embodiment, if a glutamate is used, at least one of sodium myristoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate or both are often desired for use.

As to the acyl glycinates (and salts thereof) suitable for optional use, these include C₈ to C20, and preferably, C10 to Cis and most preferably, C12 to C16 or C12 to C14 acyl glycinates. Illustrative and nonlimiting examples of the glycinates that may be used include sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium myristoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, potassium lauroyl glycinate, sodium myristoyl glycinate, potassium cocoyl glycinate or a mixture thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, sodium cocoyl glycinate, potassium cocoyl glycinate or a mixture thereof are often preferred when acyl glycinates are used. In another embodiment, sodium or potassium lauroyl glycinate or both may also be used in the compositions of the invention. As with the glutamates suitable for optional use, the acyl portion of the glycinates optionally used is preferably saturated but the same can be unsaturated with no more than 2 double bonds, including conjugated double bonds.

Other anionic surfactants suitable for optional use with alpha olefin sulfonate include alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, acyl sarcosinates or a mixture thereof (including any salts thereof).

As noted herein, the concentrate composition and wash composition of the present invention are substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. In an embodiment of the invention, however, sulfate-based surfactant may be used at an amount of less than 2% by weight of the total weight of the wash composition. If optionally included, the sulfate-based surfactants can include C8-C20 alkyl sulfates and/or Cs-Cso alkyl ether sulfates. When selected, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium pareth sulfate or a mixture thereof are often used. As to those sulfate-based surfactants classified as alkyl ether sulfates, the ethoxy portion is typically from 1 to 3 ethoxy units in length, and often, from 2 to 3 ethoxy units in length.

Additional surfactants suitable for use with the alpha olefin sulfonates selected herein include alkyl sulfonates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates or both having an alkyl portion that is C10-C20, and more preferably, from C12 to Ci₈ or from C12 to Ci_B or from to Ci₆.

Suitable succinates (including their salts) that may optionally be included in the concentrate and wash compositions are those with a C10 to C20 hydrophobic portion. Illustrative examples include disodium oleamido MIPA sulfosuccinate, disodium oleamido MEA sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium laureth sulfosuccinate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, disodium oleamide MEA sulfosuccinate, sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate, or a mixture thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, MIPA and MEA refer to monoisopropanolamine and monoethanolamine, respectively.

The acyl sarcosinates suitable for optional use include those having a C8-C20 or C10-C18 or C12- Cis acyl group. Illustrative examples of the sarcosinates that may be used include sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, or a mixture thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, in addition to alpha olefin sulfonate, at least one optional anionic surfactant used is selected from sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium myristoyl sulfosuccinate, sodium cocoyl sulfosuccinate, sodium stearoyl sulfosuccinate, sodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium pareth sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate or a mixture thereof.

In yet another embodiment, the anionic surfactants used in the concentrate and wash compositions can optionally include sodium methyl 2-sulfolaurate or disodium 2-sulfolaurate or both.

For the avoidance of doubt, mixtures of any of the optional anionic surfactants may be used and the cation portion of any of their salts selected for use can include sodium, potassium, ammonium ions, or the like or mixtures thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, in addition to alpha olefin sulfonate, the anionic surfactant in the present invention also includes sodium cocoyl sarcosinate.

In even another embodiment of the invention, if a sulfate-based surfactant is used, the same can be provided with conventional additives like alcohol, hydrotrope, antioxidant or a mixture thereof whereby, each independently when used, makes up from 0. 1 to 6%, or from 0. 1 to 5.5% or from 0.3 to 4.5% by weight of the sulfate-based surfactant composition provided, or the wash composition the surfactant is included in. Often, the alcohols include tert-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, methanol, 1-propanol, 1- butanol, 1 ,3-butanediol, or hexylene glycol or a mixture thereof. Hydrotropes that may be used include sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate, sodium toluene sulfonate or a mixture thereof. Antioxidant suitable for use can include tert butylhydroquinone, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, citrate, Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E or a mixture thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, an often-desired optional anionic surfactant suitable for use with the alpha olefin sulfonate described are those generally classified as lactylates, including C10-C20 lactylates. Such lactylates can be a mono- or polylactyl or a mixture thereof as lactic acid can, for example, undergo self-esterification. Therefore, C10-C20 lactylates suitable for use include lactylic esters of fatty acids represented by the formula: where R^a is a C⁹to C¹⁹ hydrocarbon, each R^bis independently hydrogen or a C1-3 alkyl with at least one R^b being alkyl (preferably methyl), u is an integer from 0 to 3 and Y+ is a counter ion that can include K⁺, Na⁺, NH₄ ⁺ or a mixture thereof.

The preferred lactylates, when used, are C14-C20 lactylates, and more preferably, Ci₆-Ci₈ lactylates like palmitoyl-1 stearoyl-1- lactylate or mixtures thereof. Polylactyls (typically numbering from two to three lactyl groups) are also suitable for use, like palmitoyl-2-lactylate, stearoyl-2- lactylate or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, sodium lauroyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate or mixtures thereof are the preferred optional lactylates.

Yet another anionic suitable for optional use is when the R^b groups are hydrogen and the anionic represented by formula (III) is a glycolate. Glycolate surfactants suitable for optional use include sodium stearoyl glycolate, sodium isostearoyl glycolate, palmitoyl glycolate or a mixture thereof.

As to the optional anionic surfactants, if used and as previously defined, they typically make up to 30% or less by weight of the total weight of anionic surfactant in the concentrate and wash composition since, as described, at least 70% by weight, and preferably, from 75 to 95%, and most preferably, from 80 to 90% or from 85 to 99% or from 95 to 100% or 100% by weight of the total weight of anionic surfactant used is alpha olefin sulfonate.

In still another embodiment of the invention, optional anionic surfactants are included whereby at least one anionic surfactant used in addition to alpha olefin sulfonate is an acyl isethionate, acyl taurate, N-acyl derivatives of sarcosine as well as surfactants which are lactylates, glycinates and glutamates, or any mixtures thereof where in this embodiment such anionic surfactants make up from 0.01 to 17%, or from 1 to 16.5 %, or from 3 to 12.75% by weight of the total weight of anionic surfactant used. Amphoteric surfactants suitable for use include cocoyl amine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, stearamine oxide, oleamine oxide, cocamidopropyl amine oxide, lauryl amidopropyl amine oxide, myristyl amidopropyl amine oxide, palmityl amidopropyl amine oxide, stearyl amidopropyl amine oxide, oleamidopropyl amine oxide or a mixture thereof.

Additional amphoteric surfactants suitable for use include imidazolines, sodium acyl amphoacetates, sodium acyl amphopropionates, disodium acyl amphodiacetates and disodium acyl amphodipropionates where the acyl (i.e., alkanoyl group) can comprise a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl portion. Illustrative examples of such amphoteric surfactants suitable for use include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, cocamphodipropionate or a mixture thereof.

In an embodiment of the invention, when used, the amphoteric selected can be at least 80%, and preferably, at least 85%, and most preferably, at least 90% (or 90 to 100% or 94 to 100% or 94 to 98% or 100%) by weight amine oxide whereby such amine oxide can have the formula: R^x-N⁺(R^y)₂- O- where R^x is a C_8.2o alkyl, and preferably, a C₁₀-is alkyl, and most preferably, C12-18 alkyl (or C₁₂-16 alkyl) and R^y is H or a 0-6 alkyl or C-i.4alkyl or 'C1.3 alkyl or C1.2 alkyl or -CH₈. In another embodiment of the invention, when used an often-desired amine oxide selected for use is cocoyl amine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, stearamine oxide, oleamine oxide or a mixture thereof.

The zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use in the present invention either alone or in combination with amphoteric surfactant comprise C₈ to C20, and preferably, from C₈ to Ci₈, and most preferably, from C₈ to Cie hydrophobic chains (i.e., making up the acyl portion). Such zwitterionic surfactants often selected for use in the concentrate and wash compositions of the present invention will comprise at least one acid group. The acid group may be a carboxylic or a sulphonic acid group. They often include quaternary nitrogen, and therefore, can be quaternary amino acids. Such surfactants should generally include an alkyl or alkenyl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms and generally comply with the overall structural formula:

R3„[„c(O)-NH(CH₂)_q-]r-N⁺-(R⁴-)(R⁵)A— B (IV) where R³ is alkyl or alkenyl of 5 to 19 carbon atoms; R⁴and R⁵ are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; q is 2 to 4; r is 0 or 1 ; A is an alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally substituted with hydroxyl, whereby B is --CO2-- or --S0₈--. Suitable zwitterionic surfactants that may be used in the present invention and within the above general formula include simple betaines having the formula:

R³-N⁺— (R⁴)(R⁵)CH₂CO₂ ^_ (V) and amido betaines of formula:

R³-CONH(CH2)t--N⁺-(R⁴)(R⁵)CH₂CO₂- (VI) where t is 2 or 3.

In both formulae R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are as previously defined. R³ would, in particular, include a mixture of Cy to Ci? alkyl groups and R⁴ and R⁵ are preferably methyl or ethyl groups, most preferably methyl groups. R³ is typically Ce to C-is.

A further possibility is that the zwitterionic surfactant is a sulphobetaine of the formula:

R³’-N⁺-(R⁴)(R⁵)(CH₂)₃SO₃- (VII) or

R³-CONH(CH₂)_U -N⁺-(R⁴)(R⁵)(CH₂)₃SO₃- (VI 11) where u is 2 or 3, or variants of these in which --(CH₂)3SO₃' is replaced by - CH₂C(OH)(H)CH₂SO₃-.

In these formulae (i.e. , VII and VIII), R³, R³’, R⁴ and R⁵ are as previously defined.

Illustrative and often desired examples of the zwitterionic surfactants used include betaines like lauryl betaine, laurylhydroxy sulfobetaine, lauryldimethyl betaine, coco betaine, cocoamidopropylhydroxylsulfo betaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, mixtures thereof or the like. Other zwitterionic surfactants that may be included are Cis-20 amidopropyl hydroxysultaines where the C-6-2C amidopropyl hydroxysultaine is preferably palmityl, stearyl and/or oleyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine, and most preferably, palmityl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine. Other suitable zwitterionic surfactants suitable for optional use include behenyl betaine, capryl/capramidopropyl betaine, stearyl betaine, myristyl hydroxysultaine or a mixture thereof.

Even other zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include lauryl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine or mixtures thereof. Such surfactants are made commercially available, and it is within the scope of the invention to employ mixtures of the aforementioned surfactants. In a preferred embodiment, the zwitterionic surfactant used is cocamidopropyl betaine.

In one embodiment of the invention, less than 20%, and preferably, less than 35%, and most preferably, less than 50% or less than 70% or less than 85% or less than 95% by weight of the hydrophobic portion of the zwitterionic surfactants are recovered from petroleum, palm oil, palm kernel oil and/or coconut oil. In another preferred embodiment, 100% of the hydrophobic portion of the zwitterionic surfactants is not recovered from petroleum, palm oil, palm kernel oil and/or coconut oil. In still another embodiment of the invention, zwitterionic surfactant used can have from 2.5 to 35%, and preferably, from 3 to 32%, and most preferably, from 3.5% to 30% or from 3.8 to 28% or from 4 to 20% or from 5 to 19% or from 6 to 18% or from 8 to 15% of the total weight of zwitterionic surfactant with C₈ to C10 hydrophobic chain. In even another embodiment, the C₈ chain to C10 chain zwitterionic surfactants are present at a weight ratio from 1 :12 to 12:1 or from 1 :7.5 to 7.5:1 or from 1 :5 to 5:1 or from 1 :2.5 to 2.5:1 or from 1 :1.5 to 1.5:1 or from 1 :1.25 to 1 .25:1 or from 1 :1 .15 to 1.15 to 1 or 1 :1. In still another embodiment, zwitterionic surfactants used can also comprise from 38 to 55%, and preferably, from 40 to 50%, and most preferably, from 42 to 48% or from 42 to 46% or from 55 to 100% or from 55 to 90% or from 56 to 85% or from 6 to 77% or 90 to 100% or 100% by weight C12 hydrophobic chain based on total weight of the zwitterionic surfactant.

Nonionic surfactants may optionally be used in the concentrate and wash compositions of the present invention. When used, nonionic surfactants are typically used at levels as low as 0.001 , 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 1 , 1 .5 or 2% by weight and at levels as high as 3 or 4% by weight of the wash composition. The nonionics which may be used include the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. Specific nonionic surfactant compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols- ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation products of aliphatic (CB-C-IB) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other nonionic surfactants include dialkyl sulphoxides, or the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, nonionic surfactants optionally used can include fatty acid/alcohol ethoxylates having the following structures a) HOCH₂(CH₂)_S(CH₂CH₂O)_V H or b) HOOC(CH₂)_c(CH₂CH₂O)d H; where s and v are each independently an integer up to18; and c and d are each independently an integer from 1 or greater. In another embodiment, s and v are each independently 6 to 18; c and d are each independently 1 to 30. Other options for nonionic surfactants include those having the formula HOOC(CH₂)i-CH=CH--(CH₂)k(CH₂CH₂O)_z H, where i and k are each independently 5 to 15; and z is 5 to 50. In another embodiment, i and k are each independently 6 to 12; and z is 15 to 35.

The nonionic surfactant optionally used may also include a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide. Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,279 to Au et al., entitled "Compositions Comprising Nonionic Glycolipid Surfactants issued Feb. 14, 1995. Nonionic surfactant may also include one of the sugar amides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, entitled "Use of N-Poly Hydroxyalkyl Fatty Acid Amides as Thickening Agents for Liquid Aqueous Surfactant Systems" issued Apr. 23, 1991.

In an embodiment of the invention, the nonionic surfactant used is an alkyl polyglucoside represented as:

R⁶-O-(S)_P, where R⁶ is a C₆ to C₂₀ or C₈ to Ci₈ or C to Ci₆ linear or branched alkyl and S is a saccharide group of 5 or 6 carbons such as glucose, xylose, lactose, fructose and/or mannose, and preferably, is glucose, and p represents the degree of polymerization and may have a value of from 1 to 12 or from 1 to 10 , and most preferably, from 1.2 to about 1.6 or from 1.3 to 1.5.

In still another embodiment of the invention, the nonionic surfactant used is cocamide monoethanolamine (cocamide MEA), glyceryl monostearate and/or polyglycerol esters like polyglyceryl-8 caprylate, polyglycerol-8 caprate, polyglyceryl-8 myristate, polyglyceryl-8 palmitate, polyglyceryl-9 caprylate, polyglycerol-9 caprate, polyglyceryl-9 laurate, polyglyceryl-9 myristate, polyglyceryl-9 palmitate or a mixture thereof. When used, these nonionics often make up from 0.01 to 2% or from 0.02 to 1.85% or from 0.03 to 1 .5% (or from 0.03 to 1 %) by weight of the wash composition. In another embodiment, the nonionic used is glyceryl monostearate at levels from 0.01 to 0.5 or from 0.01 to 0.2 or from 0.01 to 0.07% by weight of the wash composition. In still another embodiment, the wash composition of the present invention is free of nonionic surfactant, i.e., 0.0% by weight nonionic surfactant.

In still yet another embodiment of the invention, cationic surfactants may optionally be used in the concentrate and wash compositions described herein.

One class of optional cationic surfactants includes heterocyclic ammonium salts such as cetyl or stearyl pyridinium chloride, alkyl amidoethyl pyrrylinodium methyl sulfate, and lapyrium chloride.

Tetra alkyl ammonium salts are another useful class of cationic surfactants suitable for optional use. Examples include cetyl or stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; hydrogenated palm or tallow trimethylammonium halides; behenyl trimethyl ammonium halides or methyl sulfates; decyl isononyl dimethyl ammonium halides; ditallow (or distearyl) dimethyl ammonium halides, and behenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

Still other types of cationic surfactants that may be used are the various ethoxylated quaternary amines and ester quats. Examples include PEG-5 stearyl ammonium lactate (e.g., Genamin KSL manufactured by Clariant), PEG-2 coco ammonium chloride, PEG-15 hydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, PEG 15 stearyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl ethyl methyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl hydroxyethyl methyl sulfate, and strearyl amidopropyl dimethylamine lactate.

Even other useful cationic surfactants suitable for optional use include quaternized hydrolysates of silk, wheat, and keratin proteins, and it is within the scope of the invention to use mixtures of such surfactants.

If used, cationic surfactants will typically make up no more than 1 .0% by weight of the wash composition. When present, they often make up from 0.01 to 0.7%, and more typically, from 0.1 to 0.5% (or 0.1 to 0.3%) by weight of the wash composition. In still another embodiment of the invention, the wash composition of the present invention is free of cationic surfactant, i.e., 0.0% by weight cationic surfactant. In even another embodiment of the invention, from 0.0 to 20% or from 0.0005 to 15% or from 0.005 to 10% by weight of any of the surfactants used in the concentrate and wash composition may have hydrophobic portion with carbon recovered from purple carbon, and that is, carbon recovered from carbon dioxide waste gas via biotechnology that utilizes microbial gas fermentation.

In yet another embodiment, at least 10% or at least 25%, and preferably, at least 40%, and most preferably, from 40 to 100%, or from 50 to 100% or from 55 to 95% or 100% by weight of all surfactants used can have hydrophobic portion recovered from triglycerides such as those recovered from jojoba, avocado, olive, and nuts, as well as from seed oil (e g., sunflower, linseed, rapeseed), and especially, from soybean oil.

Anionic surfactant will typically make up from 12 to 27%, and preferably, from 13 to 24%, and most preferably, from 14 to 20% or from 15 to 18.5% by weight of the concentrate composition.

Amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both will typically make up from 6 to 17%, and preferably, from 6.5 to 16%, and most preferably, from 7 to 15% or from 8 to 14% or from 8.5 to 12.5% by weight of the concentrate composition.

Total surfactant used in the concentrate composition will not exceed 33% by weight, and preferably, is from 20 to 32%, and most preferably, from 22 to 32%, or from 24 to 31 %, or from 25 to 30%, or from 25.5 to 29.5% by weight of the concentrate composition.

Water makes up from 42 to 72% by weight of the concentrate composition, and preferably, from 45 to 70%, and most preferably, from 50 to 67% or from 55 to 65% or from 58 to 64% by weight of the concentrate composition.

In an embodiment of the invention, the concentrate composition is in lamellar phase and the wash composition is in isotropic phase. For the avoidance of doubt, isotropic means a composition with micelles arranged without directional preference, and therefore, transparent or translucent where transparent means clear and able to see through. Translucent means not opaque, and therefore, permitting light to pass through with diffusion. Lamellar, as used herein, means having layers of surfactant arrangement where polar head groups align with water to shield fatty acid acyl chains from the water such that over 85% (or 90 to 100% or 100%) of the total surfactants in the composition are arranged as micelle plates or layers creating an opaque composition. In another embodiment, the wash composition is an opaque emulsion. In still another embodiment of the invention, thickeners are included in the concentrate and wash compositions of the invention.

It is preferred that the thickeners used in the present compositions are plant-derived. “Plant- derived” is a term known in the art, and understood to be not petroleum-derived, not 100% synthetic and not animal-derived. Plant-based thickeners are derived from organic material from plants, and are not petroleum-derived. Preferably, the plant-based thickener comprises polysaccharides. Thickeners that may be selected for use include polymeric carbohydrate thickeners like nonmodified starch granules, in general, like potato starch, waxy maize starch as well as simple corn starch, i.e., a starch that gelatinizes at around 75°C. Pure-Gel® starches from Grain Processing Corporation are chemically modified corn starch granules having a gelatinization temperature at about 53°C and are often considered for use. Modified and/or nonmodified starch granules with gelatinization temperatures from 30° to 85°C, and preferably, from 30° to 80°C, and most preferably, from 35 to 75°C are suitable for inclusion as the polymeric carbohydrate thickening agent in the compositions of the invention. In general, and notwithstanding the starch selected for use, it is typically preferred that the granules of the polymeric carbohydrate selected, upon use in the end use wash composition, swell at least 200%, and preferably at least 400%, and more preferably, at least 600%, and most preferably, at least 800% by volume in the wash composition to form swollen starch gel particles with a size in the range of 2 to 300 micrometers, or preferably, from 3 to 275 microns, and most preferably, from 4 to 245 microns. Examples of thickeners suitable to select are Pure Gel B990, Pure Gel B992, Pure Gel B980 and Pure Dent starches made commercially available from Grain Processing Corporation. Additional polymeric carbohydrates suitable for use (i.e., starch granules) are National™ 1545, Amioca corn starch, Clearjel, National 1333, Colflo 67, Novation 1600, Novation 2700 or Purity 420 made available from Ingredion. Chemically modified starch granules are also suitable for use. Starch granules modified with nonionic hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl and/or ionic groups such as phosphate, carboxylate, sulfate or sulfonate and dialky l/trialkyl amino groups can also be suitable for use.

Even other polymeric carbohydrates suitable for use are water soluble starches like Ultra-Sperse®, tapioca and waxy maize starch, and National 1215 pregelatinized unmodified corn starch or mixtures thereof. Still others include Structure® ZEA and Structure® (2143 or 6892), hydroxypropyl modified corn starch, or Structure® XL, a cross-linked pregelatinized hydroxypropyl starch phosphate or mixtures thereof, whereby the same are also available commercially from Nouryon. Others like BASF and Cargill provide Cosmedia® HP Starch and StarDesign™ Care, respectively. Such hydroxypropyl starch phosphate has a molecular weight of 238 (C27H48O10), Cas No. 53124- 00-8.

Other useful thickeners that can be used include carbohydrate gums such as cellulose gum, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose gel, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethyl or carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, guar gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, gum Arabic, gum acacia, gum agar, xanthan gum and mixtures thereof; modified and nonmodified starch granules often with gelatinization temperatures between 30 to 85°C.

Additional thickeners that also may be selected for use include Versathix™ (PEG-150 Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate (and) PPG-2 Hydroxyethyl cocamide and water), Aristoflex AVC (ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP copolymer), Carbomer such as Carbopol 980 (crosslinked polyacrylic acid), Carbopol® Ultrez 10 and 20 (hydrophobically modified crosslinked polyacrylic acid); alkaline soluble emulsion polymers such as Aculyn 28, Acuyln 22 or Carbopol Aqua SF1 ; cationic polymer such as modified polysaccharides including cationic guar available from Solvay Novecare under the trade name Jaguar® C13S, Jaguar® C14S, Jaguar® C17, or Jaguar® C16; cationic modified cellulose such as UCARE™ Polymer JR 30M from Dow; N-Hance™ 3000, N-Hance™ 3196, N- Hance™ GPX 215 or N-Hance™ GPX 196 from Ashland, Inc.

In one embodiment of the invention, the thickener used is a cationic guar polymer, i.e., guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, (including those with a charge density from 0.8 to 8, and preferably, from 1 to 7.5 or from 1.2 to 7.2 where molecular weight (Mn) ranges from 8,000 to 10,000 million, or from 9,000 to 7 million or from 9,500 to 5.5 million) in combination with a starch (preferably a sodium hydroxypropyl starch phosphate) at a weight ratio of cationic guar polymer to starch of 1 :20 to 1 :5 or from 1 :15 to 1 :6 or from 1 :13 to 1 :7 or from 1 :12 to 1 :8 or from 1 :11 to 1 :9. Preferred guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is Jaguar® C14S (guar gum 2-hydroxy-3-trimethylamino propyl ether chloride, CAS No. 65497-29-2)

In yet another embodiment of the invention, no cationic thickener is used, and the thickener selected is a starch like sodium hydroxypropyl starch phosphate or a thickener with a tetraester of a fatty acid and polyethylene glycol ether like PEG-150 pentaerythrityl tetrastearate (CAS No. 130249-48-8) with water and PPG-2 hydroxyethyl cocamide sold under the name Versathix™ by Croda, Inc. In still another embodiment, thickener used alone or in combination with others is Gellan gum, like Kelcogel® from CP Kelco, a water-soluble anionic polysaccharide produced by the bacterium Sphingomonas elodea.

In even another embodiment, less than 1%, and preferably, less than 0.5%, and most preferably, less than 0.25% or less than 0.15% or 0.0% by weight of the thickener used in the wash composition is acrylate-based such as those referred to as an acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP copolymer.

The total amount of thickener used makes up from 0.1 to less than 2%, and preferably, from 0.1 to 1.75%, and most preferably, from 0.12 to 1.5% (or from 0.13 to 1.3%, or from 0.14 to 1.25%, or from 0.15 to 1.15%, or from 0.16 to 1 %, or from 0.16 to 0.25%) by weight of the concentrate composition. As noted herein, the thickener used is at least 65% by weight plant derived. In a desired embodiment, the thickener used is 65 to 100% by weight plant derived, and preferably, from 70 to 100%, and most preferably, from 75 to 100%, or 80 to 100% or 90 to 100% or 95 to 100% or 100% plant derived based on total weight of the thickener.

In another embodiment, the wash composition of the present invention can comprise an electrolyte such as MgCI₂, CaCI_2j KCI, NaCI or a mixture thereof. In even another embodiment, such electrolyte may be provided alone or with a glycol having the formula:

H-(OC(CH₃H)CH₂)_q-OH (IX) where q is an integer from 6 to 12, and preferably, 7 to 11 , or from 8 to 10, and most preferably, 9 (i.e., polypropylene glycol 9 (PPG-9)).

Total amount of electrolyte in the wash composition is typically less than 2%, and preferably, less than 1.5%, and most preferably, less than 1% (or from 0.1 to 0.7% or from 0.2 to 0.6% or from 0.2 to 0.5% or 0.0%) by weight in the wash composition.

Occlusives are often desired for use in the concentrate and wash compositions of this invention, the same include any oils allowed for topical application via a wash composition, and preferably, an oil suitable to contact skin that is natural and sustainable. The occlusive when used can include a mixture of occlusives, and that is, a first occlusive having a droplet size from 1 to 250 microns, and preferably, from 1 to 100 microns, and most preferably, from 1 to 50 microns (or from 2 to 40 microns or from 2 to 35 microns or from 2 to 10 microns or from 2.5 to 8 microns), and a second occlusive (identical or not identical to the first occlusive) having a droplet size that is less than 1 micron or from 25 to 950 nm, and preferably, from 40 to 800 nm, and most preferably, from 50 to 750 nm (or from 65 to 700 nm, or from 70 to 650 nm, or from 80 to 650 nm, or from 120 to 625 nm).

Oils suitable as occlusives include petrolatum, petroleum jelly substitutes, arachis oil, castor oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, safflower seed oil, sesame seed oil, soybean oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, avocado oil, macadamia nut oil, argan oil, pomegranate oil, argan Moroccan oil, moringa oil, blueberry oil, raspberry oil, canola oil, avocado seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, palm oil, peanut oil, walnut oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, palm kernel oil, tung oil, jatropha oil, mustard oil, camelina oil, penny cress oil, hemp oil, algal oil, jojoba oil, lard, tallow, poultry fat, yellow grease, fish oil, pecan oil, bayberry oil, mango seed oil, jojoba oil, hydrolyzed jojoba oil, BOTANIJELLY™ (made commercially available by Cargill (INCI hydrogenated vegetable glycerides)) or mixtures thereof. Other available occlusives that may be used as or included as substitute in the second occlusive include those sold commercially by Sonneborn under the SonneNatural™ name and including the J-207, NXG, and PF-1 varieties, mixtures thereof or the like. If a silicone oil is optionally used, the same can include, for example, PEG-3 Dimethicone, PEG-8 Dimethicone, PEG-9 Dimethicone, PEG-10 Dimethicone, PEG-11 Methyl ether dimethicone, PEG-12 Dimethicone, PEG-14 Dimethicone, PEG-17 Dimethicone, PEG-32 Dimethicone mixtures thereof or the like. As noted herein, the concentrate and wash compositions are preferably substantially free of silicone oils.

Still other oils which may be used as occlusive include:

Oil substitutes that comprise less than 10% by weight of total monoacylglycerides and diacylglycerides and may comprise from 1 to 8% of a mixture of the same. Such types of natural oil substitutes are described in WO 2309137 A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference;

A natural oil substitute comprising the esterification product of a pre-esterification mixture that includes 0.1 to 20% by weight of a fattv acid dimer, from 5% to 30% by weight of a CB-22 fattv acid, and 65% to 95% of a hydrogenated natural oil, and the petrolatum substitute has an acid value of less than 25.0 as described in WO 22150812 A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; A natural oil-based petrolatum composition comprising the esterification product of a preesterification mixture that comprises 5 to 35% by weight of a fatty acid dimer, 20 to 55% by weight C₈-22 fatty acid substituted with one or more C1-3 alkyl substituents, about 5 to 20% by weight glycerol, and about 20 to 40% by weight hydrogenated natural oil, wherein the natural based petrolatum product has an acid value of less than 10.0 as described in WO 22150813 A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference;

A natural oil-based petrolatum composition comprising the esterification product of a preesterification mixture that includes about 15 to 25% by weight fatty acid dimer, based on total weight of the pre- esterification mixture; 15 to 25% by weight glycerin, based on total weight of the pre-esterification mixture; and 55 to 70% by weight of hydrogenated natural oil, based on total weight of the pre-esterification mixture; wherein the natural oil-based petrolatum product has an acid value of less than about 5.0 as described in WO 22150814 A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference; and

A natural oil-based petrolatum composition comprising the esterification product of a pre- esterification mixture that includes 0.1 to 40% by weight fatty acid dimer, 60 to 99.9% by weight of one or more components selected from the group consisting of C₂-6 polyols, natural oils, hydrogenated natural oils, fatty acids, and acyl glycerols, wherein the natural based petrolatum product has a cone penetration value of greater than 10 and a polydispersity index greater than 1.3 as described in WO 221150815 A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

In still another embodiment of the invention, the wash composition of the present invention can optionally comprise from 0.9 to 8%, and preferably, from 1 .0 to 7.5%, and most preferably, from 1.5 to 6.0% (or from 1.75 to 5.8% or from 2.0 to 5.5% or from 3 to 5.5%) by weight of the first occlusive (i.e., droplet size from 1 to 250 microns) based on total weight of the wash composition. In even another embodiment, the wash composition can optionally comprise from 0.01 to 6% or from 0.01 to 5% or from 0.1 to 3% or from 0.1 to 2% or from 0.2 to 1% by weight of the second occlusive (i.e., droplet size less than 1 micron).

Polyols (i.e., humectants) are suitable for optional use in the compositions of the present invention whereby the same are limited only to the extent that they are suitable for use in a topical wash composition. Illustrative and nonlimiting examples of the polyols that may optionally be used in the present invention include sorbitol, glycerol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, the polyol used is at least 50% by weight glycerol, based on total weight of the polyol used in the wash composition. In another embodiment of the invention, the polyol used is all glycerol (100% by weight). Polyol, when used, will typically make up from 0.25 to 12% by weight of the wash composition, and preferably, from 0.5 to 10% by weight of the wash composition, and most preferably, from 0.65 to 8% (or from 0.75 to 6% or from 0.75 to 5% or from 0.8 to 1.75%) by weight of the wash composition.

Adjusters suitable to modify/buffer the pH may be used of the compositions of the present invention may be used. Such pH adjusters include triethylamine, NaOH, KOH, H2SO4, HCI, or mixtures thereof. The pH adjusters are added at amounts to yield the desired final pH. The pH values may be assessed with commercial instrumentation such as a pH meter made commercially available from Thermo Scientific®. As noted, the compositions of the invention (i.e., concentrate and wash composition) will typically have a pH from 6.5 to 7.1 , and preferably, from 6.5 to 7, and most preferably, from 6.5 to 6.9 or from 6.5 to 6.8.

Alpha hydroxy acids like C₆H₈O₇ (i.e., citric acid), lactic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid or mixtures thereof may also be used. The same may be added to aid with pH stabilization and to provide skin care benefits. When used, the same make up from 0.02 to 7.2%, or from 0.04 to 6.7%, or from 0.5 to 6.5%, or from 2 to 6.5%, or from 3.5 to 5.5% by weight of the concentrate composition.

Lamellar structurants are preferred for use in the compositions of the present invention. Such structurants can aid with rinsing wash composition off the skin and can be used to stabilize concentrate composition in a lamellar phase. The structurants often selected for are capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid as well as mixtures thereof and their alcohol or amide derivatives. Such structurants make up from 0.75 to 7%, and preferably, from 1 to 6.5%, and most preferably, from 1.5 to 6.2% (or 1.6 to 6% or 1 .8 to 5.8%) by weight of the wash composition when selected for inclusion.

As herein noted, optional water-soluble skin benefit agents suitable for use in the compositions of this invention are limited only to the extent that they are capable of being topically applied, and able to dissolve in the wash composition at the desired pH.

Illustrative examples of the skin benefit agents suitable to include in the water portion of the compositions are acids, like amino acids, such as arginine, valine or histidine. Additional water- soluble benefit agents suitable for use include vitamin B2, niacinamide (vitamin B3), vitamin B5 (Panthenol), vitamin B₆, folic acid (vitamin B9), vitamin C, mixtures thereof or the like. Water soluble derivatives of such vitamins may also be employed. For instance, vitamin C derivatives such as ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glycoside may be used alone or in combination with each other. Other water-soluble benefit agents suitable for use include 4-ethyl resorcinol, water soluble extracts of sage, aloe vera, green tea, grapeseed, thyme, chamomile, yarrow, cucumber, liquorice, rosemary extract or mixtures thereof. Water soluble sunscreens like ensulizole (phenylbenzimidizole sulfonic acid), disodium phenyl dibenzimidazole tetra sulfonate or mixtures thereof may also be included. Total amount of optional water-soluble benefit agents (including mixtures) when present in the wash composition may range from 0.001 to 12.5%, preferably from 0.001 to 10%, and most preferably, from 0.01 to 8% (or from 1 to 6% or from 1 to 3%) by weight of the wash composition.

It is also within the scope of the present invention to optionally include oil soluble benefit agents (i.e., non-water-soluble agents defined as less than 1.0 g of such benefit agent (solute) can be dissolved in 100 mL of 25°C water (solvent) at atmospheric pressure). The only limitations with respect to such oil soluble benefit agents are that the same are suitable to provide a benefit when topically applied to a surface, and for example, skin.

Illustrative examples of the types of oil soluble benefit agents that may optionally be used in the compositions of this invention include components like stearic acid, vitamins like Vitamin A, D, E and K (and their oil soluble derivatives), sunscreens like ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate, bis-ethyl hexyloxyphenol methoxyphenol triazine, 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propanoic acid, drometrizole trisiloxane, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl-4- hydroxy benzoate, 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane or mixtures thereof.

Other well-known sunscreens suitable for use include Mexoryl 400 (methoxypropylamino cyclohexenylidene ethoxyethylcyanoacetate), Mexoryl XL (drometrizole trisiloxane), Mexoryl SX (terephthalylidene dicamphor sulfonic acid), octocrylene (2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3- diphenylprop-2-enoate) or mixtures thereof. Sunscreen mixes with 4-tert-butyl-4'- methoxydibenzoylmethane and ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate are often preferred.

Other optional oil soluble benefit agents suitable for use include resorcinols like thiamidol (isobutylene thiazolyl resorcinol), 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol 4-isopropyl resorcinol or a mixture thereof. Also, 5- substituted resorcinols like 4-cyclohexyl-5-methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, 4-isopropyl-5- methylbenzene-1 ,3-diol, mixtures thereof or the like may be used. The 5-substituted resorcinols, and their synthesis are described in commonly assigned U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2016/0000669A1.

Even other oil soluble actives suitable for use include omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, climbazole, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranyl geraniol, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, terpineol, thymol mixtures thereof or the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, the optional oil soluble benefit agent used is a retinoic acid precursor. In one embodiment of the invention, the retinoic acid precursor is retinol, retinal, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate or a mixture thereof. Retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate and mixtures thereof are typically preferred. In another embodiment, retinoic acid precursor is included with 4-ethyl resorcinol, 4-hexyl resorcinol or both, and niacinamide.

When optional oil soluble active is used in the composition of the invention, such active typically makes up from 0.001 to 3%, and preferably, from 0.001 to 2%, and most preferably, from 0.05 to 1% (or from 0.06 to 0.85%) by weight of the wash composition.

Conventional preservatives can desirably be incorporated into the compositions to protect against the growth of microorganisms. Cosmetic chemists are familiar with appropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy the preservative challenge test and to provide product stability. While traditional preservatives may be used, such as hydantoin derivatives, isothiazolinones, methyl paraben and/or propyl paraben, as described herein the compositions of the present invention are preferably substantially free of the same. Other preservatives suitable for use may include iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, phenoxyethanol, hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerine, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate or mixtures thereof. Even other preservatives suitable for use include sodium dehydroacetate, chlorophenesin and decylene glycol. The preservatives should be selected having regard for the use of the composition and possible incompatibilities between the preservatives and other ingredients in the compositions. Preservatives are preferably used in amounts ranging from 0.01% to 2.0% by weight of the total weight of the wash composition. Use of common emollients classified as vicinal diols, like 1 ,2-octane diol, 1 ,2 hexane diol (or other vicinal alkane diols) are also suitable for use with the preservatives described herein and typically at amounts ranging from 0.15 to 1.5%, and preferably, from 0.2 to 1.25%, and most preferably, from 0.25 to 1% (or 0.25 to 0.8%) by weight of the wash composition. In another embodiment of the invention, a preservative suitable for optional use is one comprising capryloyl glycine, undecylenoyl glycine or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the preservative comprises iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, phenoxyethanol, hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerine, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate, capryloyl glycine, undecylenoyl glycine or a mixture thereof.

Again, in an embodiment of the invention, the wash composition is substantially free of hydantoins, parabens, and isothiazolinones as described therein. In another embodiment, the wash composition of the present invention comprises less than 0.2% by weight silver of a compound, and preferably, less than 0.1% by weight of a silver compound, and most preferably, no silver compounds such as oxides, nitrates, acetates, carbonates and/or citrates of silver, or the like.

In another embodiment, the wash composition of the present invention can optionally comprise at least one of benzethonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, zinc pyrithione, chloroxylenol, salicylic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, eugenol, terpineol, thymol, selenium sulfide, piroctone olamine, hinokitiol, linalool, cinnamon oil, lemon grass oil, eucalyptus, vanilla extract, mint extract, zinc pyrithione, orange extract, linseed oil, flaxseed oil or a mixture thereof. If any of such are selected for use, the total amount of those selected for use will (in combined total in this embodiment) be from 0.001 to 4.5%, or from 0.01 to 3.5% or from 0.01 to 2.5% or from 0.02 to 1% by weight of the wash composition.

In even another embodiment of the invention, at least one of 1 ,2-nonanediol tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate, honokiol, hyaluronic acid, climbazole, linalool, anisic acid, levulinic acid, cetylpyridinium chloride, pyruvic acid, hemp seed oil and/or magnolia bark extract may be used in the wash composition of the invention. If used, the same either alone or in a mixture makes up from 0.001 to 5%, or from 0.01 to 4% or from 0.01 to 3.5% or from 0.02 to 2.7% or from 0.02 to 1 % or from 0.02 to .07% by weight of the wash composition.

In even another embodiment, the wash composition can optionally be fragrance free and/or comprise less than 0.5% by weight (preferably 0.0% by weight) of dye, phthalate or both. Fragrances, fixatives, chelators (like EDTA, sodium phytate, tetra sodium glutamate diacetate and/or sodium gluconate) and exfoliants may optionally be included in the wash composition of the present invention. Each of these substances may range from about 0.03 to about 5%, preferably between 0.01 and 3% (or from 0.02 to 1 .2%) by weight of the total weight of the wash composition, if used. To the extent the exfoliants are used, those selected should be of small enough particle size so that they do not impede the performance of any packaging used to dispense the compositions of this invention. The exfoliants should also be small enough so that they are gentle on skin and do not impede hydration of the concentrate.

Within the wash composition, conventional emulsifiers having an HLB of greater than 8 may optionally be used. Illustrative examples include Tween, 40, 60, 80, polysorbate 20 and mixtures thereof. Typically, and if used such emulsifiers for water continuous wash systems make up from 0.03 to 1.5% by weight of the wash composition.

Total surfactant, as described, used in the concentrate composition will not exceed 33% by weight, and preferably, is from 20 to 32%, and most preferably, from 22 to 32%, or from 24 to 31 %, or from 25 to 30%, or from 25.5 to 29.5% by weight of the concentrate composition.

As to the wash composition, of the present invention, again which is preferably isotropic (or optionally an opaque emulsion), the same typically comprises no more than 22.25% (or no more than 19% or no more than 18%) by weight total surfactant, and preferably, from 6 to 17%, and more preferably, from 6 to 16%, and most preferably, from 7 to 15% (or from 7 to 18% or from 8 to 18% or from 12 to 17.5% or from 13 to 17%) by weight total surfactant. In an embodiment of the invention, the wash composition comprises from 11 to 14.5% by weight total surfactant. Zwitterionic to anionic surfactant are, respectively, at a weight ratio from 1 :0.8 to 1 :3, or from 1 : 1 to 1:2.7, or from 1 :1 to 1 :2.5 or from 1 :1 to 1 :2 or from 1 :1 to 1 :1.9.

In even another embodiment of the invention, the wash composition of the present invention comprises stearic acid, terpineol, thymol, chloroxylenol or a mixture thereof. In yet another embodiment, the wash composition of the present invention will comprise any combination of colloidal oatmeal, silica (including hydrated silica and rice silica), ascorbic acid and hyaluronic acid. When used, such ingredients make up (individually or collectively) from 0.001 to 2.5%, and preferably, from 0.01 to 1.5%, and most preferably, 0.1 to 1 % by weight of the wash composition. In still another embodiment of the invention, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand (“PPAR”) may be included in the wash composition. The PPAR used is preferably a lipid PPAR a (alpha) activator such as a C-IO -IB saturated fatty acid which is branched or derivatized (i.e., functionalized) with groups like hydroxy groups. The PPAR used can also include a C10-20 monounsaturated fatty acid and C10-22 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Corresponding alcohols, triglycerides and phospholipids of any of the noted PPAR acids are also suitable for use in the present invention. These include petroselinic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, stearic acid, cis- parinaric acid, trans-7-octadecenoic acid, cis 5,8,11 ,14,17 eicosapentanoic acid, cis-

4.7.10.13.16.19 docosahexenoic acid, columbinic acid, linolenelaidic acid, ricinolaidic acid, stearidonic acid, 2-hydroxystearic acid, 10-hydroxystearic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-11 ,14-eicosadienoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11) or (t10,c12), conjugated linoleic acid (50:50 mix of c9, t11 and t10 c12), coriander acid, linolelaidic acid, monopetroselinic acid, ricinoleic acid, stearolic acid or mixtures thereof.

Additional PPAR alpha activator includes cis-11 ,14,17 eicosatrienoic acid, cis- 5 eicosenoic acid, cis-8,11 ,14 eicosatrienoic acid, hexadecatrienoic acid, palmitoleic acid, petroselaidic acid, trans farnesol, cis 13, 16 docosadienoic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, cis-11 eicosenoic acid, cis-

13.16.19 docosatrienoic acid, cis-13-octadecenoic acid, cis-15-octadecanoic acid, cis- 7,10,13,16 docosatetraenoic acid, elaidic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, geranic acid, geranyl geranoic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, petroselinyl alcohol, phytanic acid, pinolenic acid, tridecyl salicylic acid or a mixture thereof.

A further suitable category of PPAR alpha activator includes plant extracts, such as biochanin A (red clover phytoestrogen), chromolaena odorata extract, pomegranate saponifiable hydrolysable extract, buglossoides (stearidonic plant extract), and zanthalene (extract from Sichuan peppercorn). Such PPARs are further described in U.S. Patent No. 6,423,325, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

In a preferred embodiment, the PPAR selected is 12-hydroxystearic acid, stearic acid or a mixture thereof. When used, the PPAR may make up from 0.01 to 1.2%, or from 0.03 to 0.8%, or from 0.04 to 0.5%, or from 0.04 to 0.4% by weight of the wash composition.

In another embodiment of the invention, the wash composition of the present invention comprises a skin prolipid rejuvenating mix comprising a C14-16 fatty acid (preferably palmitic acid), glycerol, and PPAR such as 12-hydroxystearic acid, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, stearic acid or a mixture thereof. When used, the weight percent of the skin prolipid rejuvenating mix, collectively, in the wash compositions is from 0.1 to 12%, or from 0.1 to 10%, or from 0.5 to 6.5% or from 0.6 to 2.5% by weight of the composition.

In an often preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the following optional ingredients selected from the group consisting of carageenan, palmitic acid, 12- hydroxstearic acid, 10-hydroxystearic acid, lauric acid, glycolic acid, mandelic acid, caffeine, squalene, farnesol, neem oil, ceramide (N-acylsphingosine), niacinamide, retinyl propionate, Vitamin E (including tocopherol acetate, tocopheryl linoleate, tocopheryl oleate, tocopheryl nicotinate), Vitamin C (including sodium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl glucoside, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate), 4-ethyl resorcinol, 4-hexyl resorcinol, salicylic acid, terpineol, thymol, thiamidol, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, hyaluronic acid, hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid, collagen, pantethenol, climbazole, B1 -thiamin, B-2 riboflavin, B-5 pantothenic acid, B6- pyroxidone, B7-biotin, B9, folic acid, pentavitin, magnolia bark extract, ginger extract, tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine or a mixture thereof is used in the wash composition. If used, and again, those which are oil soluble are present at up to 3% by weight of the wash composition whereby those which are water-soluble when optionally used may make up to 12.5% by weight of the wash composition.

In still another embodiment of the invention, the wash composition of the present invention can comprise at least one of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, a 1 -alkyl nicotinamide having structure X, and a methionine having structure XI: wherein R^c is a C-M alkyl, preferably, methyl (N-methyl nicotinamide) and X is a negative counter ion, preferably, CI-, R^d is methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, preferably, methyl and R^e is H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, preferably, H (N-acetyl methionine). Such components are described in WO/2021/008824A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. When used, from 0.0001 to 10% or from 0.001 to 8%, and most preferably, from 0.01 to 5% or from 0.01 to 3% or from 0.01 to 2% or from 0.01 to 1% by weight of each of such ingredients are used in the wash composition. In another embodiment any of such ingredients may optionally be used with from 0.01 to 4%, or from 0.01 to 2% or from 0.01 to 1% or from 0.1 to 0.8% by weight niacinamide or 12-hydroxystearic acid or both. In even another embodiment, the wash composition may comprise acetyl cysteine at from 0.001 to 1.8% by weight. In still another embodiment, the concentrate and wash compositions can optionally comprise 2-MNG (2- mercaptonicotinoyl glycine), N-acetyl-L-hydroxyproline or both, the wash composition optionally comprising from 0.01 to 3%, or from 0.1 to 2%, or from 0.2 to 1.5% of the same.

When making compositions of the present invention, the desired ingredients may be mixed with conventional apparatus under moderate shear and atmospheric conditions, with heating to a temperature ranging from 25 to 85°C whereby shear typically continues until the resulting mixture cools. Mixing is complete when a homogeneous product is recovered. In a preferred embodiment, occlusive having a droplet size of less than 1 micron is preferably provided as an ingredient as an emulsion with submicron droplets (i.e., nanoemulsion).

When using the concentrate composition of the present invention, the same is typically used (i.e., hydrated or diluted) in a concentrate to water ratio of 1 :1 .5 to 1 :6, or from 1 :1 .8 to 1 :5, or from 1 :2 to 1 :4.5, or from 1 :2.5 to 1 :4 or from 1 :2.3 to 1 :3.5 or from 1.2.2 to 1 :3.2 or from 1 :2.5 to 1 :3.1 , or from 1 :3. In an embodiment of the invention, concentrate and water may be added at a 1 :1 ratio. The water used is often from about 5 to 55°C, or from 7 to 50°C, or from 12 to 50°C.

For the avoidance of doubt, use of the generic term “compositions” applies to the concentrate and end use wash composition herein described. If a particular weight percent of an ingredient refers to the concentrate or wash composition, the amount in weight percent of the ingredient present in the composition not identified may be calculated in view of the concentrate to water ratios provided.

The packaging for the concentrate composition is limited to the extent that composition can be dispensed and used as a just in time composition or into, for example, a bottle or vessel for hydration by a consumer or manufacturer. The concentrate may also be dispensed from a kiosk like the device or station described in WO 2003024814A1 , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In an embodiment of the invention, the concentrate composition is sold in a pouch, bottle (glass, metal or plastic), jar, tube, or concentrate package or vessel to easily pour into a larger package to hydrate. The packaging preferably is refillable for multiple uses, biodegradable and/or is prepared from recycled materials including postconsumer resins. Other packaging often desired for use includes bottles referred to as paper bottles that typically comprise at least 85% by weight paper.

The Example is provided to facilitate an understanding of the invention. The Example is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

EXAMPLE

Concentrate compositions were made by mixing the ingredients identified in the Table, Samples 1 to 8. The pH of the concentrate compositions was as indicated and the viscosity identified for the concentrate was measured as described with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer. The concentrates were made by mixing all ingredients with moderate shear and at atmospheric pressure. Heat was supplied until the temperature reached about 70°C. The resulting mixture was cooled and mixing was complete when a homogeneous concentrate composition was produced. The viscosities of the resulting concentrates recovered were measured as initial viscosities and after the concentrates were cooled to 22°C.

The concentrate compositions made were subsequently poured into bottles (about 1 liter) and diluted with deionized water at a temperature of about 7°C. One (1) part concentrate to two and a half (2.5) parts water were combined. Shaking and swirling moderately and by hand were performed after the bottles were capped. After about 3 minutes of shaking and swirling, liquid wash compositions were recovered and assessed for viscosity, post dilution. Samples 1 to 4 were made consistent with the present invention. CAPB is the zwitterionic surfactant, cocamidopropyl betaine; Alpha Olefin Sulfonate is 75% (Ci₆); Versathix™ (Thickener with PEG-150, Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate, PPG-2 and Hydroxyethyl Cocamide). Units of viscosity are MPa-S.

TABLE

As can be seen from the Examples provided, compositions not made according to the present invention did not increase in viscosity upon dilution. In fact, the compositions were not stable, and displayed separation/syneresis within minutes after they were made. Notwithstanding, trained panelists washed with the compositions not made according to the invention and all concluded the compositions were watery and did not have characteristics consistent with a body wash. They were thin with little to no lather.

Surprisingly, the compositions made according to the present invention thickened upon dilution. Trained panelists washed with the compositions made according to the invention and all concluded the compositions were had characteristics consistent with a traditional body wash, and had exceptional lather, especially when compared to those wash compositions where the anionic surfactants used were predominately C_i2 and not Ci₆ dominant as is the case with the compositions made consistent with the invention. The compositions made according to the invention were also stable, and therefore, free of syneresis, precipitate formation, color change and odor change, even after being stored at 22°C for 2 months.

Claims

Claims:

1. A hydratable composition comprising: a. anionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant making up from 52 to 75%, and preferably, from 52 to 70%, and preferably, from 52 to 68% or from 58 to 65% or from 59 to 63% by weight of the total surfactant in the hydratable composition and comprising at least 70% by weight, and preferably, from 75 to 95%, and most preferably, from 80 to 90% or from 85 to 99% or from 95 to 100% or 100% by weight alpha olefin sulphonate by weight of total anionic surfactant, wherein from 65 to 100wt%, based on the weight of total alpha olefin sulfonate has a C14-C1S hydrophobic group; b. amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or a mixture thereof making up from 6 to 17% by weight of the hydratable composition; c. from 42 to 72% by weight water; d. less than 2.0% by weight thickener, the thickener being at least 65%, and preferably, 70 to 100%, and most preferably, 80 to 100% or from 90 to 100% or 95 to 100% or 100% by weight plant derived thickener; and e. preservative, the hydratable composition having a pH from 6.5 to 7.1 and a viscosity of less than 1 ,250 mPa-s, and preferably, less than 1 ,000 mPa-s, and most preferably, from 1 to 900 mPa-s, or from 2 to 825 mPa-s or from 5 to 750 mPa-s or from 40 to 600 mPa-s or from 65 to 300 mPa-s, wherein viscosity is taken with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1 ,000-micron gap, a shear rate of 4-15 s-1 and temperature at 22°C; wherein total weight of anionic surfactant is from 1.15 to 2.3, and preferably, from 1 .15 to 2.2, and most preferably, from 1 .2 to 2, or from 1 .3 to 1.9 or from 1.3 to 1 .8 times the amount of amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both in the hydratable composition, and wherein the composition comprises less than 1%, or preferably 0.0%, by weight sulfate- based surfactant.

2. The hydratable composition according to claim 1 wherein at least 75%, and most preferably, from 80 to 100% or from 90 to 100% or from 95 to 100% or from 82 to 94% or from 82 to 90% or from 78 to 87% by weight of the alpha olefin sulfonate used has a C14-C16 hydrophobic group.

3. The hydratable composition according to claim 1or 2, wherein zwitterionic surfactant is present and comprises comprises lauryl betaine, laurylhydroxy sulfobetaine, lauryldimethyl betaine, coco betaine, cocoamidopropylhydroxylsulfo betaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, C16-20 amidopropyl hydroxysultaine, behenyl betaine, capryl/capramidopropyl betaine, stearyl betaine, myristyl hydroxysultaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine or a mixture thereof.

4. The hydratable composition according to claim 3 wherein the zwitterionic surfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine.

5. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises an anionic surfactant which is an isethionate, taurate, glycinate, glutamate, sarcosinate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl ether sulfosuccinate or a mixture thereof.

6. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises an isethionate, taurate, sarcosinate or a mixture thereof.

7. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition comprises less than 1% by weight of a sulfate-based surfactant.

8. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition comprises no sulfate-based surfactant, and less than 32 ppm of dioxane.

9. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition comprises no sulfate-based surfactant, and less than 12 ppm of dioxane, and is substantially free of at least one of a paraben, hydantoin, isothiazolinone, phthalate, dye, acrylate-based thickener, dioxane and silicone oil.

10. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises at least one of arginine, valine or histidine, vitamin 62, niacinamide (vitamin B3), vitamin B5 (Panthenol), vitamin Be, folic acid (vitamin B9), vitamin C, ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl glycoside, 4-ethyl resorcinol, sage, aloe vera, green tea, grapeseed, thyme, chamomile, yarrow, cucumber, liquorice, rosemary, ensulizole, or disodium phenyl dibenzimidazole tetra sulfonate.

11. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises stearic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate, bis-ethyl hexyloxyphenol methoxyphenol triazine, 2- ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propanoic acid, drometrizole trisiloxane, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-tert-butyl-4'- methoxydibenzoylmethane, octocrylene, thiamidol, 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol 4-isopropyl resorcinol, omega- 3 fatty acid, omega-6 fatty acid, climbazole, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranyl geraniol, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, terpineol, thymol, retinol, retinal, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate or a mixture thereof.

12. The hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the wash composition further comprises lauric acid, myristic acid, capric acid, an alcohol or amide or a mixture thereof.

13. An isotropic wash composition comprising the hydratable composition according to any one of the preceding claims and added water in a weight ratio of from 1 :1.5 to 1 :6.

14. The wash composition according to claim 13 wherein the wash composition is isotropic or an opaque emulsion.

5. A method for making an isotropic wash composition from a hydratable composition, wherein preferably the isotropic wash composition has a viscosity that is higher than the viscosity of the hydratable composition, the method comprising the steps of: a. combining the hydratable composition of anyone of claims 1 to 13, having an initial hydratable composition viscosity, and water, in a hydratable composition to water ratio of 1 :1.5 to 1:6, to make a composition mix; b. mixing, shearing, shaking, swirling, or agitating the composition mix obtained in step (a) to make the isotropic wash composition.