[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2025241882A1 - 一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具 - Google Patents

一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具

Info

Publication number
WO2025241882A1
WO2025241882A1 PCT/CN2025/093050 CN2025093050W WO2025241882A1 WO 2025241882 A1 WO2025241882 A1 WO 2025241882A1 CN 2025093050 W CN2025093050 W CN 2025093050W WO 2025241882 A1 WO2025241882 A1 WO 2025241882A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cemented
projection module
fresnel prism
angle
sawtooth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/093050
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪召军
方元戎
陈彦哲
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Yinwang Intelligent Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Yinwang Intelligent Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Yinwang Intelligent Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Yinwang Intelligent Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025241882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025241882A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/16—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use in conjunction with image converters or intensifiers, or for use with projectors, e.g. objectives for projection TV
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B29/00—Combinations of cameras, projectors or photographic printing apparatus with non-photographic non-optical apparatus, e.g. clocks or weapons; Cameras having the shape of other objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2106/00—Interior vehicle lighting devices

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of optical display, and more particularly to a projection module, a method for controlling the projection module, vehicle lights, and vehicles.
  • This application provides a projection module, a method for controlling the projection module, vehicle lights, and a vehicle.
  • the projection module provided by this application is small in size, has high image quality, and can achieve ultra-near-field projection effects.
  • a projection module which includes: an image generation unit and a cemented Fresnel prism.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism includes at least one cemented surface, a first outer surface, and a second outer surface.
  • the at least one cemented surface and the second outer surface are serrated surfaces.
  • the image generation unit is used to emit a first light beam toward the cemented Fresnel prism, and the cemented Fresnel prism is used to emit a second light beam based on the first light beam.
  • the angle between the second light beam and the horizontal direction is a first angle, and the serration angle of the serrated surface is determined based on the first angle.
  • this application determines the tilt angle of the sawtooth surface of the cemented Fresnel prism by using a first included angle. This allows the projection module to achieve the desired projection angle using the designed cemented Fresnel prism. Since the tilt angle of the sawtooth surface of the cemented Fresnel prism is designed based on the first included angle, the projection distance of the projection module provided by this application is not affected by the spatial layout of the projection module. Therefore, it has a flexible projection angle design and can achieve different projection angles according to the application scenario of the projection module. When applied to a welcoming scenario, the projection module provided by this application can achieve ultra-close-range welcoming projection, thereby improving the user experience.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism has a cemented surface, compared with the solution using multiple Fresnel prisms, the solution of this application results in a smaller projection module size.
  • the cemented surface can reduce stray light and ghosting caused by interface reflection, thereby improving the quality of the projected image.
  • the first included angle is greater than 6°.
  • the projection module provided in this application can be designed with different cemented Fresnel prisms according to the application scenario, thereby meeting the different application requirements of the projection module.
  • the outgoing beam can be deflected at an angle greater than 6° relative to the horizontal direction, thereby achieving ultra-near-field welcoming projection.
  • the projection module of this application can also be applied to other scenarios. In other scenarios, such as long-distance projection scenarios, the range of the first included angle can be less than or equal to 6°.
  • the serration angle of the serrated surface ranges from [0°, 80°].
  • the sawtooth tilt angle is the angle between the sawtooth and the plane perpendicular to the optical axis.
  • the sawtooth inclination angle of the sawtooth surface is determined based on the first included angle, including: when the material of the cemented Fresnel prism is determined, adjusting the sawtooth inclination angle of the sawtooth surface based on the first included angle so that the chromatic difference of the cemented Fresnel prism meets a preset range.
  • the sawtooth surface is an inclined plane.
  • Designing the serrated surface as an inclined plane can reduce the complexity of design and manufacturing processes.
  • the projection module further includes a transmission unit connected to the cemented Fresnel prism.
  • the transmission unit is used to move the cemented Fresnel prism in front of the image generating unit so that the first light beam emitted by the image generating unit is projected onto the cemented Fresnel prism, or to move the cemented Fresnel prism so that the first light beam emitted by the image generating unit cannot be projected onto the cemented Fresnel prism.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism is moved by the transmission unit, so that the projection module emits a second beam or a first beam with a different angle to the horizontal direction, so that the projection module provided in this application can be applied to different scenarios.
  • the angle between the first beam and the horizontal direction is the second angle, and the first angle is greater than the second angle.
  • an anti-reflection layer is provided on the first outer surface and/or the second outer surface, the anti-reflection layer being used to reduce the reflection of stray light on the first outer surface and/or the second outer surface.
  • an absorption layer is provided on the vertical surface of the serrated edge of the second outer surface, the absorption layer being used to absorb stray light.
  • an extinction structure is provided on the first outer surface and/or the second outer surface, the extinction structure being used to absorb stray light, and each shading area of the extinction structure corresponding one-to-one with the serrated tip and bottom corner of the serrated surface.
  • the quality of the projected image can be improved, thereby enhancing the user experience.
  • the first outer surface is a sphere, a freeform surface, or a plane.
  • the first surface is a sphere or a freeform surface, it can compensate for the defocusing of the image generation unit and improve the clarity of the projected image.
  • the first surface is a plane, it can reduce the difficulty of manufacturing and design.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism is a double-cemented Fresnel prism, which includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens and the second lens being formed by bonding trapezoidal prisms together.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism is a triple-cemented Fresnel prism.
  • the triple-bonded Fresnel prism can further eliminate color difference in the projection module, thereby improving the projection quality of the projection module.
  • embodiments of this application provide a method for controlling a projection module, the projection module including an image generation unit and a cemented Fresnel prism, the cemented Fresnel prism including at least one cemented surface, a first outer surface and a second outer surface, the at least one cemented surface and the second outer surface being serrated surfaces, the method including: responding to a user's control operation on the projection module, the projection module operating in a first state or a second state, wherein, in the first state, the image generation unit emits a first light beam toward the cemented Fresnel prism, the cemented Fresnel prism emits a second light beam based on the first light beam, the angle between the second light beam and the horizontal direction is a first angle, and the serration angle of the serrated surface is determined based on the first angle; in the second state, the first light beam emitted by the image generation unit cannot be projected onto the cemented Fresnel prism.
  • the method for controlling the projection module allows the projection module to switch between a first state and a second state.
  • the first state can be, for example, a near-field welcoming projection state, while the second state can be a long-distance projection state or a lighting state.
  • the projection module can achieve the desired first included angle projection, thereby meeting the needs of different application scenarios.
  • the angle between the first beam and the horizontal direction is the second angle, and the first angle is greater than the second angle.
  • the projection module further includes a transmission unit, and the cemented Fresnel prism is connected to the transmission unit.
  • the response to a user's control operation on the projection module includes: the transmission unit acquiring state information generated by the control operation, the state information being either first state information or second state information, the first state information corresponding to a first state, and the second state information corresponding to a second state; the transmission unit moving the cemented Fresnel prism according to the state information, so that the projection module is in either the first state or the second state.
  • embodiments of this application provide a vehicle light. It includes a control system and a projection module provided in either the first aspect or any implementation thereof.
  • the control system is connected to the transmission unit.
  • the control system is used to input state information of the projection module to the transmission unit.
  • the state information is either first state information or second state information, where the first state information corresponds to the first state and the second state information corresponds to the second state.
  • embodiments of this application provide a means of transportation, including a body of the means of transportation and a projection module provided in the first aspect and any implementation thereof, wherein the projection module is arranged on the body.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of a vehicle 100 applicable to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the projection module 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first type of glued Fresnel prism 220 provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an matte structural component 400 provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the second type of glued Fresnel prism 220 provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the third type of glued Fresnel prism 220 provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an image generation unit 210 applicable to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic optical path structure diagram of the second projection module 800 provided in the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the projection module 800 in the first state and the second state in the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a method 1000 for controlling a projection module provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 11 is a functional schematic diagram of a vehicle light in an embodiment of this application.
  • first the terms "first,” "second,” and various numerical designations used in the textual descriptions or drawings of the embodiments of this application shown below are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.
  • first beam and the second beam are different beams, etc.
  • Pixelated headlights offer significant advantages in terms of the diversity of welcome patterns and projection range, making them a potential next-generation intelligent welcome projection light.
  • the vertical field of view of existing pixelated headlights is approximately 7°, while the projection distance in front of the vehicle is typically greater than 8 meters. Therefore, the relatively small vertical field of view makes it difficult to achieve a good welcome effect.
  • a motor is usually used to tilt the entire pixelated headlight downwards at a certain angle.
  • the adjustment range of this solution is very limited, usually less than 6°, and it also encroaches on the space inside the headlight, significantly increasing the difficulty of styling and layout.
  • this application proposes a projection module that can be applied to pixelated projection headlights. It achieves the deflection of a wide-spectrum beam with a smaller volume, thereby meeting the ultra-near-field projection requirements of pixelated headlights, such as in welcoming scenes, and has excellent projection effect and projection quality.
  • vehicle 100 is configured in a fully or partially autonomous driving mode.
  • vehicle 100 can control itself while in autonomous driving mode, and can determine the current state of the vehicle and its surrounding environment through human operation, determine the possible behavior of at least one other vehicle in the surrounding environment, and determine the confidence level corresponding to the probability of the other vehicle performing the possible behavior, and control vehicle 100 based on the determined information.
  • vehicle 100 can be set to operate without human interaction.
  • Vehicle 100 may include various systems, each system may include multiple components.
  • each system and component of vehicle 100 can be interconnected via wired or wireless means.
  • the vehicle shown in this embodiment includes a sensor system 120, which may include several sensors for sensing information about the environment surrounding the vehicle 100.
  • the sensor system 120 may include a positioning system 121 (which may be a Global Positioning System (GPS) system, a BeiDou system, or another positioning system), an inertial measurement unit (IMU) 122, a radar 123, a laser rangefinder 124, and a camera 125.
  • the sensor system 120 may also include sensors for the internal systems of the monitored vehicle 100 (e.g., an in-vehicle air quality monitor, fuel gauge, oil temperature gauge, etc.). Sensor data from one or more of these sensors can be used to detect objects and their corresponding characteristics (position, shape, orientation, speed, etc.).
  • the positioning system 121 can be used to estimate the geographical location of the vehicle 100.
  • the IMU 122 is used to sense changes in the position and orientation of the vehicle 100 based on inertial acceleration.
  • the IMU 122 may be a combination of an accelerometer and a gyroscope.
  • Radar 123 can use radio signals to sense objects in the surrounding environment of vehicle 100.
  • radar 123 in addition to sensing objects, radar 123 can also be used to sense the speed and/or direction of travel of objects. This embodiment does not limit the specific type of radar 123; for example, radar 123 can be millimeter-wave radar or lidar, etc.
  • Laser rangefinder 124 can use lasers to sense objects in the environment in which vehicle 100 is located.
  • laser rangefinder 124 may include one or more laser sources, laser scanners, and one or more detectors, as well as other system components.
  • Camera 125 can be used to capture multiple images of the surrounding environment of vehicle 100. Camera 125 can be a still camera, video camera, monocular/binocular camera, or infrared imager.
  • Vehicle 100 also includes an advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) 110.
  • ADAS 110 continuously senses the surrounding environment during vehicle operation, collects data, identifies, detects, and tracks static and dynamic objects, and combines this data with navigation map data for system calculations and analysis. This allows the driver to anticipate potential dangers, effectively increasing driving comfort and safety.
  • ADAS 110 can control the vehicle using data acquired by the sensor system 120.
  • ADAS 110 can control the vehicle using in-vehicle infotainment system data, which may include key data from the vehicle's instrument panel (fuel consumption, engine speed, temperature, etc.), vehicle speed information, steering wheel angle information, or vehicle attitude data.
  • ADAS 110 controls the vehicle in one or more of the following ways: ADAS 110 adjusts the forward direction of vehicle 100. ADAS 110 controls the operating speed of the vehicle's engine and thus the speed of vehicle 100. ADAS 110 operates on images captured by camera 125 to identify objects and/or features in the environment surrounding vehicle 100. In some embodiments, ADAS 110 may be used to map the environment, track objects, estimate the speed of objects, etc. ADAS 110 determines the driving route of vehicle 100; in some embodiments, ADAS 110 may combine one or more predetermined map data from sensor system 120 to determine the driving route for vehicle 100. ADAS 110 may identify, assess, and avoid or otherwise traverse potential obstacles in the environment of vehicle 100.
  • Peripheral devices 130 may include a wireless communication system 131, an on-board computer 132, a microphone 133, and/or a speaker 134.
  • peripheral device 130 provides a means for a user of vehicle 100 to interact with a user interface.
  • on-board computer 132 may provide information to a user of vehicle 100.
  • the user interface may also operate on-board computer 132 to receive user input.
  • On-board computer 132 may be operated via a touchscreen.
  • peripheral device 130 may provide a means for vehicle 100 to communicate with other devices located within the vehicle.
  • microphone 133 may receive audio (e.g., voice commands or other audio input) from a user of vehicle 100.
  • speaker 134 may output audio to a user of vehicle 100.
  • the wireless communication system 131 can communicate wirelessly with one or more devices directly or via a communication network.
  • the wireless communication system 131 can use third-generation (3G) cellular communication technologies, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), or General Packet Radio Service (GPRS).
  • the wireless communication system 131 can use fourth-generation (4G) cellular communication technologies, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE).
  • the wireless communication system 131 can also use fifth-generation (5G) cellular communication technologies.
  • the wireless communication system 131 can communicate using a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • the wireless communication system 131 can communicate directly with devices using an infrared link, Bluetooth, or ZigBee.
  • the wireless communication system 131 may also utilize various vehicle communication systems.
  • the wireless communication system 131 may include one or more dedicated short range communications (DSRC) devices, which may include public and/or private data communications between vehicles and/or roadside stations.
  • DSRC dedicated short range communications
  • Computer system 140 can control the functions of vehicle 100 based on input received from various systems (e.g., sensor system 120, ADAS 110, peripheral devices 130) and from a user interface.
  • Computer system 140 may include at least one processor 141 that executes instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as memory 142.
  • Computer system 140 may also be multiple computing devices controlling individual components or subsystems of vehicle 100 in a distributed manner.
  • the processor 141 may be one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), system-on-chips (SoCs), central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), digital signal processors (DSPs), microcontroller units (MCUs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), or other integrated chips, or any combination of the above chips or processors.
  • the processor 141 may be located inside the vehicle, or it may be located away from the vehicle and wirelessly communicate with it.
  • memory 142 may contain instructions (e.g., program logic) that can be executed by processor 141 to perform various functions of vehicle 100.
  • memory 142 may also store data such as map data, route information, vehicle position, direction, speed, and other vehicle data. The information stored in memory 142 can be used by vehicle 100 and computer system 140 during operation of vehicle 100 in autonomous, semi-autonomous, and/or manual modes.
  • the vehicle 100 shown in this embodiment also includes a projection module 150.
  • the projection module 150 can be, for example, a pixelated headlight module.
  • the projection module 150 has the advantages of small size and high projection quality. It can not only meet the ultra-near-field welcome requirements, but also meet the lighting requirements in some embodiments, making the projection module 150 applicable to more scenarios.
  • the specific structure of the projection module 150 is described below with reference to various embodiments.
  • projection module 150 shown in this embodiment can be applied not only to vehicles, but also to driving tools such as ships, airplanes, and helicopters.
  • This application relates to cemented Fresnel prisms.
  • the various Fresnel prisms provided in this application can be applied not only to pixelated headlights, but also to fields related to optical imaging and optical projection, such as cameras, projectors, microscopes, telescopes, and lithography machines.
  • they can be applied to any system that utilizes the principle of refraction, including acoustic systems, acousto-optic systems, etc. This application does not limit the scope of the application.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first projection module 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. It is understood that the projection module 200 can be applied to the vehicle shown in Figure 1, as an example of the projection module 150.
  • the projection module 200 includes an image generation unit 210 and a cemented Fresnel prism 220. Specifically, when the projection module 200 performs near-field projection, the image generation unit 210 emits a first beam of light into the cemented Fresnel prism. The cemented Fresnel prism 220 emits a second beam of light based on the first beam, the angle between the second beam and the horizontal direction being a first angle.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 includes at least one cemented surface, a first outer surface, and a second outer surface.
  • the at least one cemented surface and the second outer surface are serrated surfaces, and the serration angle of the serrated surface is determined based on the first angle.
  • the sawtooth inclination angle is the angle between the sawtooth and the plane perpendicular to the optical axis.
  • the sawtooth inclination angle of the sawtooth surface is in the range of [0°, 80°], that is, the sawtooth inclination angle of the glued surface is one of [0°, 80°], and the sawtooth inclination angle of the second outer surface is selected as one of [0°, 80°].
  • the sawtooth inclination angle of the glued surface and the sawtooth inclination angle of the second outer surface can be the same or different.
  • a cemented Fresnel prism 220 is used.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 can deflect the direction of the incident first beam at a certain angle.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 can cement at least two prisms together to form an integrated optical system. This reduces the size of the projection module 200 while weakening stray light and ghosting caused by interface reflections through the cemented surface, giving the projection module good optical performance.
  • the first beam emitted from the image generation unit 210 can enter the cemented Fresnel prism 220 through the first outer surface, in which case the second beam exits from the second outer surface of the cemented Fresnel prism 220; alternatively, the first beam emitted from the image generation unit 210 can enter the cemented Fresnel prism 220 through the second outer surface, in which case the second beam exits from the first outer surface of the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • This application does not impose any limitations on this.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 includes a sawtooth surface, and the sawtooth tilt angle of this sawtooth surface is related to the first included angle of the second beam emitted from the cemented Fresnel prism 220. That is, in this application, the sawtooth tilt angle of the cemented Fresnel prism 220 can be determined by the first included angle, thereby achieving the projection effect of the second beam emitted from the projection module 200 at the first included angle.
  • the projection module 200 provided in this application can design the sawtooth tilt angle of the cemented Fresnel prism 220 according to the first included angle of the second beam emitted from the projection module 200 in the desired projection scenario, thereby achieving projection scenarios under different first included angles. It is understood that in this application, when the first included angle is greater than 6°, an ultra-near-field projection effect can be achieved. When this projection module 200 is applied to a pixel headlight, an ultra-near-field welcome projection effect can be achieved, improving the user experience.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the first type of cemented Fresnel prism 220 provided in this application embodiment.
  • Figure 3(a) is a side view of the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 is a double-cemented Fresnel prism, composed of a first lens 310 and a second lens 320.
  • the first lens 310 includes a first surface 311 and a second surface 312.
  • the second lens 320 includes a third surface 321 and a fourth surface 322.
  • the second surface 312 of the first lens 310 and the third surface 321 of the second lens 320 have the same surface shape and are bonded together by adhesive to form a cemented surface.
  • the first surface 311 and the fourth surface 322 are the first outer surface and the second outer surface of the cemented Fresnel prism 220, respectively.
  • the second surface 312, the third surface 321, and the fourth surface 322 are sawtooth surfaces. As explained in Figure 2 above, the sawtooth tilt angles of the second surface 312, the third surface 321, and the fourth surface 322 are determined based on the first included angle.
  • the required deflection angle i.e., the first included angle
  • the materials of the first lens 310 and the second lens 320 of the cemented Fresnel prism 220, according to the achromatic principle incident light of different wavelengths is made to exit at the same position with the same first included angle after passing through the cemented Fresnel prism 220, thereby achieving the reverse design of the sawtooth tilt angle.
  • the optical design and optimization process of the sawtooth tilt angle can be carried out through optical software, optical formulas, scripts, etc.
  • This application does not limit the surface shape of the sawtooth; that is, the sawtooth on the second surface 312, the third surface 321, and the fourth surface 322 can be an inclined plane or a free-form surface.
  • the surface shape of the sawtooth is usually chosen to be an inclined plane.
  • the serration spacing of the second surface 312 and the third surface 321 is the same in this application. It is also understood that the serration spacing of the second surface 312 and the third surface 321 is related to the processing technology of the materials of the first lens 310 and the second lens 320. For example, when the material of the first lens 310 or the second lens 320 is plastic, the serration spacing can be selected as 4 mm, etc., depending on the injection molding process. When the material of the first lens 310 or the second lens 320 is glass, the serration spacing can be selected as 2 mm, etc., depending on the cold working process. It should be noted that this application does not limit the serration spacing of the third surface 321 and the fourth surface 322; they can be the same or different.
  • the first surface 311 can be a plane, a sawtooth surface, a sphere, or a freeform surface.
  • this application does not limit the sawtooth spacing between the first surface 311 and the second surface 312; that is, the sawtooth spacing of the first surface 311 can be the same as or different from the sawtooth spacing of the second surface 312. It is understood that when the first surface 311 is a sawtooth surface, the surface shape of the sawtooth of the first surface 311 can be an inclined plane or a freeform surface, and this application does not limit it.
  • the sawtooth tilt angle of the first surface 311 can be determined according to the deflection angle of the principal ray by the cemented Fresnel prism 220, the materials of the first lens 310 and the second lens 320, and the achromatic aberration requirements of the projection module 200 for the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • the sawtooth tilt angle of the first surface 311 is one of [0°, 80°].
  • the first surface 311 is a spherical or freeform surface, it can be used to compensate for the defocus of the image generation unit 210, thereby achieving a clear near-field imaging effect.
  • the materials of the first lens 310 and the second lens 320 of the cemented Fresnel prism 220 can be plastic, glass, crystal, or any combination thereof.
  • the plastic lens can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), etc., and is manufactured through precision machining, injection molding, nanoimprinting, etc.
  • the glass lens can be common optical glass materials such as H-K9L and H-ZF1, and is manufactured through cold working, precision machining, high-temperature molding, nanoimprinting, etc. It is understood that the materials of the first lens 310 and the second lens 320 are set differently to achieve the effect of achromatic correction.
  • the shape of the first lens 310 and the second lens 320 is not limited in this application.
  • the shape of the first lens 310 and the second lens 320 can be circular, rectangular, or any other shape as required.
  • Figure 3(b) and Figure 3(c) are front views of the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • the aperture shape of the cemented Fresnel prism 220 corresponding to Figure 3(b) is circular
  • the aperture shape of the cemented Fresnel prism 220 corresponding to Figure 3(c) is rectangular.
  • an anti-reflection layer can be added to the interface between the cemented Fresnel prism 220 and the air. That is, an anti-reflection layer is added to the first surface 311 and/or the fourth surface 322.
  • the anti-reflection layer can be an anti-reflection film.
  • a light-absorbing layer can be provided on the serrated vertical surface of the fourth surface 322. It is understood that when the first surface 311 is a serrated surface, a light-absorbing layer can also be provided on the serrated vertical surface of the first surface 311.
  • a light-absorbing layer can be added to the vertical projection areas of the serrated edges and corners of the fourth surface 322. This can be achieved through methods including, but not limited to, ink coating, screen printing, film application, and film deposition.
  • a light-absorbing structure can be added to the fourth surface 322 to block light, i.e., absorb stray light.
  • This light-absorbing structure absorbs stray light through a horizontal blocking area that covers the serrated edges and corners; that is, each serrated edge and corner corresponds one-to-one with the horizontal blocking area of the light-absorbing structure.
  • the width of the horizontal blocking area can be designed according to the serrated edges and corners of each serrated edge to block stray light from entering the serrated edge, thereby preventing stray light or ghosting.
  • the extinction structure can be placed close to the first surface 311 and/or the fourth surface 322 of the lens, or it can be arranged at a certain distance from the first surface 311 and/or the fourth surface 322.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an extinction structure 400 provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the shape of the extinction structure 400 is similar to a "ladder,” wherein the "beams" of the "ladder” are used to cover the sharp and bottom corner areas of the cemented Fresnel prism 220, and correspond one-to-one with the serrated sharp and bottom corners of the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • Figure 4(a) is set on the cemented Fresnel prism 220 shown in Figure 3
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 including the extinction structure 400 is shown in Figure 4(b).
  • Table 1 shows the relevant optical data of a circular double-cemented Fresnel prism provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Table 2 shows the relevant optical data of a rectangular double-cemented Fresnel prism provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second type of cemented Fresnel prism 220 provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • (a) is a side view of the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 is a double-cemented Fresnel prism, composed of a first lens 510 and a second lens 520.
  • the first lens 510 includes a first surface 511 and a second surface 512.
  • the second lens 520 includes a third surface 521 and a fourth surface 522.
  • the second surface 512 of the first lens 510 and the third surface 521 of the second lens 520 coincide in shape and are bonded together by adhesive to form a cemented surface.
  • the first surface 511 and the fourth surface 522 are the first outer surface and the second outer surface of the cemented Fresnel prism 220, respectively.
  • both the first lens 510 and the second lens 520 are made by bonding trapezoidal prisms together. It is understandable that trapezoidal prisms are easier to manufacture than integral Fresnel prisms; therefore, using trapezoidal prisms to manufacture Fresnel prisms simplifies the manufacturing process.
  • the second surface 512, the third surface 521, and the fourth surface 522 are the inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal prism.
  • the inclination angle of this inclined surface is also determined based on the first included angle. That is, based on the required deflection angle of the cemented Fresnel prism 220 for the principal ray (i.e., the first included angle) and the materials of the first lens 510 and the second lens 520, reverse design and optimization are performed according to the achromatic principle using optical software or optical formulas, scripts, etc.
  • the inclined surface profiles of the second surface 512, the third surface 521, and the fourth surface 522 can be inclined planes or freeform surfaces.
  • the height of each trapezoidal prism is equal.
  • the first surface 511 can be a plane, an inclined plane, a sphere, or a freeform surface; this application does not impose any limitation.
  • the angle of inclination of the inclined plane can be determined based on the deflection angle of the principal ray by the cemented Fresnel prism 220, the materials of the first lens 510 and the second lens 520, and the achromatic requirements of the projection module 200 for the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • the angle of inclination of the first surface 511 is one of [0°, 80°].
  • the first surface 511 can be designed as a sphere or a freeform surface.
  • the material and shape of the first lens 510 and the second lens 520 are not limited.
  • the material of the first lens 510 and the second lens 520 can be plastic, glass, etc.
  • the shape of the first lens 510 and the second lens 520 can be circular, as shown in Figure 5(b), or rectangular, as shown in Figure 5(c).
  • an anti-reflective layer may optionally be added to the first surface 511 and/or the fourth surface 522.
  • a light-absorbing layer may optionally be formed on the trapezoidal lower surface of the fourth surface 522 by means of ink coating, screen printing, film application, or plating.
  • an anti-reflective structure such as that shown in Figure 4, may be added to the first surface 511 and/or the fourth surface 522 to block light and absorb stray light.
  • Table 3 shows the relevant optical data of a rectangular double-cemented Fresnel prism provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the third type of cemented Fresnel prism 220 provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • (a) in Figure 6 is a side view of the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 is a triple-cemented Fresnel prism, composed of a first lens 610, a second lens 620, and a third lens 630.
  • the first lens 610 includes a first surface 611 and a second surface 612.
  • the second lens 620 includes a third surface 621 and a fourth surface 622.
  • the third lens 630 includes a fifth surface 631 and a sixth surface 632.
  • the second surface 612 of the first lens 610 coincides with the surface shape of the third surface 621 of the second lens 620, and they are bonded together to form a first cemented surface.
  • the fourth surface 622 of the second lens 620 coincides with the surface shape of the fifth surface 631 of the third lens 630, and they are bonded together to form a second cemented surface.
  • the first surface 611 and the sixth surface 632 are the first and second outer surfaces of the cemented Fresnel prism 220, respectively.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 220 shown in Figure 6 is made of three Fresnel prisms cemented together, which can further reduce the dispersion of the system and improve the imaging quality of the system.
  • the second surface 612, the third surface 621, the fourth surface 622, the fifth surface 631, and the sixth surface 632 are serrated surfaces.
  • the tilt angle of this serrated surface is also determined based on the first included angle. That is, based on the required deflection angle of the cemented Fresnel prism 220 for the principal ray (i.e., the first included angle) and the materials of the first lens 610, the second lens 620, and the third lens 630, reverse design and optimization are performed according to the achromatic principle using optical software or optical formulas and scripts.
  • the serrated surface of the second surface 612, the third surface 621, the fourth surface 622, the fifth surface 631, and the sixth surface 632 can be an inclined plane or a freeform surface.
  • the serration spacing of the second surface 612 and the third surface 621 is the same.
  • the serration spacing of the fourth surface 622 and the fifth surface 631 is the same.
  • the first surface 611 can be a plane, a sawtooth surface, a sphere, or a freeform surface; this application does not impose any limitation.
  • the tilt angle of the sawtooth surface can be determined based on the deflection angle of the principal ray by the cemented Fresnel prism 220, the materials of the first lens 610, the second lens 620, and the third lens 630, and the achromatic requirements of the projection module 200 for the cemented Fresnel prism 220.
  • the tilt angle of the first surface 611 is one of [0°, 80°].
  • the first surface 611 can be designed as a sphere or a freeform surface.
  • the materials and shapes of the first lens 610, the second lens 620, and the third lens 630 are not limited.
  • the materials of the first lens 610, the second lens 620, and the third lens 630 can be plastic, glass, etc. It is understood that in order to achieve the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration, the materials of the first lens 610, the second lens 620, and the third lens 630 are set to be different.
  • the shapes of the first lens 610, the second lens 620, and the third lens 630 can be circular, as shown in Figure 6(b), or rectangular, as shown in Figure 6(c).
  • an anti-reflective layer may optionally be added to the first surface 611 and/or the sixth surface 632.
  • a light-absorbing layer may optionally be provided in the vertical projection areas of the serrated corners and bottom corners of the sixth surface 632 by means of ink application, screen printing, film application, coating, etc.
  • an anti-reflective structure such as that shown in Figure 4, may be added to the first surface 611 and/or the sixth surface 632 to block light and absorb stray light.
  • Table 4 shows the relevant optical data of a rectangular three-cemented Fresnel prism provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an image generation unit 210 applicable to an embodiment of this application.
  • the image generation unit 210 includes a light source 710, a modulation unit 720, and a projection module 730.
  • the light source 710 provides a light beam carrying image data.
  • the modulation unit 720 modulates the light beam emitted from the light source according to the image data, so that the light output from the modulation unit 720 carries the image data; that is, the light output from the modulation unit 720 is imaging light (or image light).
  • the projection module 730 projects the imaging light carrying the image data.
  • Figure 7 is only one structure of an image generation unit 210 applicable to an embodiment of this application; that is, the image generation unit 210 applicable to an embodiment of this application is not limited to that shown in Figure 7. In other embodiments, the image generation unit 210 applicable to an embodiment of this application may also include a collimation module, a homogenizing module, etc.
  • the image generation unit 210 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, a micro-LED display, a display using miniLED display technology, a digital light processing (DLP) display, or a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) display, etc., and this application does not limit the scope of the application.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • LCOS liquid crystal on silicon
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • micro-LED organic light-emitting diode
  • micro-LED a display using miniLED display technology
  • DLP digital light processing
  • MEMS micro-electro-mechanical system
  • FIG 8 is a schematic optical path structure diagram of the second projection module 800 provided in the embodiments of this application. It is understood that the projection module 800 can be applied to the vehicle shown in Figure 1, as an example of the projection module 150. As shown in Figure 8, the projection module 800 includes an image generation unit 810, a cemented Fresnel prism 820, and a transmission unit 830. The transmission unit 830 is connected to the cemented Fresnel prism 820 and is used to move the cemented Fresnel prism 820, so that the projection module 800 is in either a first state or a second state.
  • the angle between the second beam emitted by the projection module 800 and the horizontal direction is a first angle; in the second state, the angle between the first beam emitted by the projection module 800 and the horizontal direction is a second angle, and the first angle is greater than the second angle.
  • the first state is the near-field projection state of the projection module 800.
  • the first state can be the projection state of the projection module 800 in a near-field projection scenario, such as a welcome projection scenario.
  • the second state is the far-field projection state or lighting state of the projection module 800.
  • the second state can be the lighting state of the projection module 800 under auxiliary low beam or auxiliary high beam.
  • it can also be the projection state in a long-distance, large-format movie viewing scenario.
  • the transmission unit 830 moves the cemented Fresnel prism 820 in front of the image generation unit 810.
  • the image generation unit 810 emits a first light beam towards the cemented Fresnel prism 820.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 820 deflects the transmission direction of the first light beam from the image generation unit 810 and emits a second light beam. It can be understood that when the projection module 800 is applied in a near-field projection scenario, both the first and second light beams are image lights carrying image information, and the second light beam is used to generate the first image of the projection module 800 in the first state.
  • the transmission unit 830 moves the position of the cemented Fresnel prism 820 so that the first light beam emitted by the image generation unit 810 cannot be projected onto the cemented Fresnel prism 820.
  • the light beam emitted by the projection module 800 is the first light beam emitted by the image generation unit 810.
  • the first beam is an image light carrying image information, used to generate the second image of the projection module 800 in the second state.
  • the first beam does not carry image information and is used for lighting the projection module 800 in the second state.
  • the light beam emitted by the image generation unit 810 passes through the cemented Fresnel prism 820.
  • the projection module 800 is applied in the second state, the light beam emitted by the image generation unit 810 does not pass through the cemented Fresnel prism 820 but is emitted directly.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the working modes of the projection module 800 in the first and second states in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the projection position of the projection module 800 in the first state is projection position 1, and the projection position of the projection module 800 in the second state is projection position 2. When viewed from the driver's perspective, projection position 1 will be closer to the driver than projection position 2.
  • the transmission unit 830 moves the cemented Fresnel prism 820. This movement can be left-right or up-down relative to the optical axis, and is not limited in this application. Furthermore, the transmission unit 830 can move the cemented Fresnel prism 820 by at least one of translation or rotation, and is not limited in this application. Additionally, when the projection module 800 is applied in the first state, the transmission unit 830 moves the cemented Fresnel prism 820 to the front of the image generation unit 810.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism 820 can be perpendicular to the optical axis of the projection module or rotated relative to the optical axis without affecting the deflection of the first beam, and the position of the projected first image remains approximately unchanged.
  • the projection device 800 provided in this application has a high tolerance for assembly tolerances, making the assembly of the projection module simple and easy to operate.
  • the transmission unit 830 moves the Fresnel prism 820 based on the status information of the projection module 800.
  • the status information can be a pressure signal.
  • the transmission unit 830 moves the Fresnel prism 820 in front of the image generation unit 810, allowing the first light beam to pass through the Fresnel prism 820.
  • the transmission unit 830 does not receive a pressure signal, for example, when the user operates the button on the control transmission unit 830 to pop up, or when the button on the control transmission unit 830 is in the default factory pop-up state, the transmission unit 830 moves the Fresnel prism 820 out of front of the image generation unit 810, so that the first light beam does not pass through the Fresnel prism 820.
  • the status information can be an electrical signal.
  • a user selects different states of the projection module 800 using a status selection function on a display device connected to the projection module 800. Different states correspond to different electrical signals; for instance, a first state corresponds to a first electrical signal, and a second state corresponds to a second electrical signal.
  • the transmission unit 830 receives the first electrical signal, it moves the Fresnel prism 820 in front of the image generation unit 810, allowing the first light beam to pass through the Fresnel prism 820.
  • the transmission unit 830 receives the second signal, it moves the Fresnel prism 820 out of front of the image generation unit 810, preventing the first light beam from passing through the Fresnel prism 820.
  • the status information can be a radio signal, such as a Bluetooth signal.
  • a user selects different states of the projection module 800 by operating a control device connected to the projection module 800, such as a mobile phone or remote control. Different states correspond to different Bluetooth signals; for example, the first state corresponds to the first Bluetooth signal, and the second state corresponds to the second Bluetooth signal.
  • the transmission unit 830 receives the first Bluetooth signal, it moves the Fresnel prism 820 in front of the image generation unit 810, allowing the first light beam to pass through the cemented Fresnel prism 820.
  • the transmission unit 830 receives the second Bluetooth signal, it moves the cemented Fresnel prism 820 out of front of the image generation unit 810, preventing the first light beam from passing through the Fresnel prism 820.
  • cemented Fresnel prism 820 can be any of the cemented Fresnel prisms shown in Figures 3, 5 and 6 above, or an example of other cemented Fresnel prisms not shown in this application. Specifically, please refer to the relevant descriptions in Figures 3, 5 and 6 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG 10 is a schematic diagram of a method 1000 for controlling a projection module according to an embodiment of this application.
  • This method can be used to control the projection module 800 shown in Figure 8 above, and is executed by a controller, control device, control chip, etc., which are not limited in this application.
  • the method includes the following steps.
  • the projection module in response to the user's control operation on the projection module, the projection module operates in a first state or a second state, wherein the projection module includes an image generation unit and a cemented Fresnel prism.
  • the cemented Fresnel prism includes at least one cemented surface, a first outer surface and a second outer surface. The at least one cemented surface and the second outer surface are serrated surfaces.
  • the image generation unit emits a first beam of light to the cemented Fresnel prism
  • the cemented Fresnel prism emits a second beam of light based on the first beam of light.
  • the angle between the second beam of light and the horizontal direction is the first angle
  • the serration tilt angle of the serrated surface is determined based on the first angle.
  • the first beam of light emitted by the image generation unit cannot be projected onto the cemented Fresnel prism, and the angle between the first beam of light and the horizontal direction is the second angle.
  • the first angle is greater than the second angle.
  • the user controls the projection module 800 to operate in either the first or second state.
  • the descriptions of the first and second states can be found in the relevant descriptions in Figure 8 above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the user's control operations can include, as exemplified in Figure 8 above, pressing a button, touching a display device, or controlling a mobile phone or remote control device, etc., and will not be repeated here.
  • method 1000 also includes S1002.
  • S1002 Obtain status information, and move the glued Fresnel prism according to the status information, wherein the status information is either first status information or second status information, the first status information corresponds to the first state, and the second status information corresponds to the second state.
  • the status information is either first status information or second status information
  • the first status information corresponds to the first state
  • the second status information corresponds to the second state.
  • the transmission unit 830 acquires status information and responds to the user's control operation based on the status information.
  • the status information takes different forms depending on the user's control operation. For example, if the user's operation is pressing a button, the status information is a pressure signal. If the user's operation is operating a touch display device, the status information is an electrical signal. If the user's operation is operating a wireless control device, the status information is a wireless signal.
  • the relevant explanations in Figure 8 above they will not be repeated here.
  • FIG 11 is a functional schematic diagram of a vehicle headlight according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the vehicle headlight 20 includes a controller 21, a drive module 22, and a lighting module 23.
  • the projection module in the above embodiment can be specifically applied to the lighting module 23. Since vehicles generally have two headlights, left and right, the lighting module 23 is divided into two, left and right, each with its own corresponding drive module 22. Of course, it is not excluded that the same drive module can be used to drive two lighting modules 23 simultaneously.
  • the controller 21 communicates with the vehicle's computer system via a bus to receive various information or control signals, and then sends information to the two drive modules 22 respectively to control the drive modules 22 to drive the corresponding lighting modules 23, thereby achieving the desired lighting effect.
  • the function of the controller 21 may be integrated into the vehicle's computer system, with the computer system directly controlling the drive module 22 to drive the corresponding lighting module 23. This application does not limit this.
  • the headlight 20 may also integrate some sensing modules, such as integrating any of the sensing modules such as lidar, millimeter-wave radar or infrared detection devices into the smart headlight to form a headlight with integrated sensing and illumination.
  • the controller 21 may include one or more processors and a memory.
  • the memory stores code for parsing instructions from the computer system and code for controlling the drive module 22.
  • the processor parses the instructions and controls the drive module 23 according to the aforementioned code.
  • the memory may be internal or external to the controller 21; this application does not limit this.
  • the processor may be one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), system-on-chips (SoCs), central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), digital signal processors (DSPs), microcontroller units (MCUs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), or other integrated chips, or any combination of the above chips or processors.
  • Memory may include volatile memory, such as RAM; memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as ROM, flash memory, HDD or SSD; memory may also include combinations of the above types of memory.
  • the driving module 22 is paired with the lighting module 23.
  • the driving module 22 is a driving chip for a digital micro-mirror device (DMD); when the lighting module 23 uses LCD technology, the driving module 22 is a driving chip for an LCD; when the lighting module 23 uses LCOS, the driving module 22 is a driving chip for an LCOS. This application does not limit this.
  • the lighting module 23 utilizes technologies such as matrix LED, Micro-LED, DMD, LCD, LCOS, and laser scanning to achieve ADB (Adaptive Driving Assist) functionality. It can also project text, traffic signs, and even videos, enhancing driving safety and user experience.
  • Figure 11 is merely a schematic diagram of the vehicle lights and does not constitute a limitation.
  • the vehicle lights can achieve both high and low beam functions simultaneously through the lighting module 23, or they can include separate high and low beam modules. If separate high and low beam modules are included, the high and low beam modules can be controlled by the controller 21 to turn the high and low beams on or off, or they can communicate with the vehicle's computer system via a bus, with the computer system controlling the high and low beams. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种投影模组和控制投影模组的方法，可以应用于车灯和交通工具上。本申请提供的投影模组体积小、成像质量高，能够实现超近场的迎宾投影效果。该投影模组包括：图像生成单元和胶合菲涅尔棱镜，胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括至少一个胶合面、第一外表面和第二外表面，该至少一个胶合面和第二外表面为锯齿面。其中，图像生成单元用于向胶合菲涅尔棱镜出射第一光束，胶合菲涅尔棱镜基于第一光束出射第二光束。该第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角，同时，锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于该第一夹角确定。

Description

一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具
本申请要求在2024年5月24日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202410661411.9、发明名称为“一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光显示领域，尤其涉及一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具。
背景技术
在智能驾驶的汽车时代，智能车灯的出现为车灯赋予了更加个性化和场景化的特征，消费者对汽车车灯也产生了更多个性化需求。然而，传统迎宾灯通过印刷有特定图案的菲林片方案来实现，存在图案样式单一，以及投影范围小的缺点。
发明内容
本申请提供一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具。本申请提供的投影模组体积小、成像质量高，能够实现超近场的投影效果。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种投影模组，该投影模组包括：图像生成单元和胶合菲涅尔棱镜，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括至少一个胶合面、第一外表面和第二外表面，所述至少一个胶合面和所述第二外表面为锯齿面，其中，所述图像生成单元，用于向所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜出射第一光束，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，用于基于所述第一光束出射第二光束，所述第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于所述第一夹角确定。
基于上述方案，本申请通过第一夹角确定胶合菲涅尔棱镜的锯齿面的倾角，可以使得投影模组利用设计的胶合菲涅尔棱镜实现期望角度的投影效果，由于胶合菲涅尔棱镜的锯齿面的倾角是基于第一夹角设计的，因此，本申请提供的投影模组的投影距离不会受到投影模组的空间布局的影响，因此具备灵活的投影角度的设计，可以根据投影模组的应用场景实现不同投影角度的投影效果，当应用于迎宾场景时，本申请提供的投影模组可以实现超近距离的迎宾投影，从而提升了用户的体验。由于胶合菲涅尔棱镜具有胶合面，因此相比于多片菲涅尔棱镜的方案，本申请的方案使得投影模组的体积较小，同时，胶合面可以削弱界面反射导致的杂散光和鬼像，达到提升投影画面质量的目的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一夹角大于6°。
需要说明的是，本申请提供的投影模组可以根据应用场景设计不同的胶合菲涅尔棱镜，从而满足投影模组的不同应用需求。当本申请提供的投影模组应用于近场迎宾场景时，可以使出射光束相对于水平方向的偏折角大于6°，从而实现超进场的迎宾投影。可以理解的是，本申请的投影模组还可以应用于其他场景，当其他场景中，例如远距离投影场景时，第一夹角的范围还可以小于或者等于6°。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角的范围为[0°，80°]。
需要说明的是，在本申请方案中，锯齿倾角为锯齿与光轴垂直面的夹角。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于所述第一夹角确定，包括：当所述所胶合菲涅尔棱镜的材料确定时，基于所述第一夹角调整所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角，使所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜的色差满足预设范围。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述锯齿面的锯齿面型为倾斜平面。
将锯齿面的面型设计为倾斜平面，可以降低设计和工艺的复杂性。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述投影模组还包括传动单元，所述传动单元与所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜连接，所述传动单元，用于移动所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜至所述图像生成单元的前方，使所述图像生成单元出射的所述第一光束投射至所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，或者，用于移动所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，使所述图像生成单元出射的所述第一光束无法投射至所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜。
基于上述方案，通过传动单元对胶合菲涅尔棱镜进行移动，使得投影模组出射与水平方向夹角不同的第二光束或者第一光束，使得本申请提供的投影模组可以适用于不同的场景。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一光束与水平方向的夹角为第二夹角，所述第一夹角大于所述第二夹角。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一外表面和/或所述第二外表面上设置有抗反层，所述抗反层用于降低杂散光在所述第一外表面和/或所述第二外表面上的反射。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二外表面的锯齿垂直面上设置有吸收层，所述吸收层用于吸收杂散光。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一外表面和/或所述第二外表面上设置有消光结构件，所述消光结构件用于吸收杂散光，所述消光结构件的每个遮挡区与所述锯齿面的锯齿尖角和底角一一对应。
基于上述方案，通过设置抗反层、吸收层或者消光结构中的至少一个，能够达到提升投影画面质量的目的，进而提升用户体验。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一外表面为球面或者自由曲面或者平面。
可以理解的是，当第一表面为球面或者自由曲面时，该第一表面可以补偿图像生成单元的离焦，提升投影画面的清晰度。当第一表面为平面时，可以降低加工难度和设计难度。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜为双胶合菲涅尔棱镜，所述双胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括第一镜片和第二镜片，所述第一镜片和所述第二镜片由梯形棱镜粘接形成。
通过梯形棱镜粘接形成胶合菲涅尔棱镜，能够降低加工难度和工艺复杂度。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜为三胶合菲涅尔棱镜。
基于上述方案，三胶合菲涅尔棱镜可以进一步消除投影模组的色差，从而提升投影模组的投影质量。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种控制投影模组的方法，所述投影模组包括图像生成单元和胶合菲涅尔棱镜，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括至少一个胶合面、第一外表面和第二外表面，所述至少一个胶合面和所述第二外表面为锯齿面，所述方法包括：响应于用户对所述投影模组的控制操作，所述投影模组工作在第一状态或第二状态下，其中，所述第一状态下所述图像生成单元向所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜出射第一光束，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜基于所述第一光束出射第二光束，所述第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于所述第一夹角确定；所述第二状态下所述图像生成单元出射的第一光束无法投射至所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜。
基于上述方案，本申请提供的控制投影模组的方法，可以使得投影模组在第一状态和第二状态中切换，其中，第一状态例如可以是超近场的迎宾投影状态，第二状态可以是远距离投影状态或者照明状态等。通过第一夹角设计胶合菲涅尔棱镜的锯齿倾角，可以使得投影模组实现期望的第一夹角投影，从而满足不同的应用场景的需求。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一光束与水平方向的夹角为第二夹角，所述第一夹角大于所述第二夹角。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述投影模组还包括传动单元，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜与所述传动单元连接，其中，所述响应于用户对所述投影模组的控制操作，包括：所述传动单元获取所述控制操作生成的状态信息，所述状态信息为第一状态信息或第二状态信息，所述第一状态信息对应所述第一状态，所述第二状态信息对应所述第二状态；所述传动单元根据所述状态信息移动所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，使所述投影模组的状态为所述第一状态或所述第二状态。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种车灯。包括控制系统和上述第一方面和第一方面的任意一种实现方式提供的投影模组，所述控制系统与所述传动单元相连，所述控制系统，用于向所述传动单元输入所述投影模组的状态信息，所述状态信息为第一状态信息或第二状态信息，所述第一状态信息对应所述第一状态，所述第二状态信息对应所述第二状态。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种交通工具，包括所述交通工具的本体和上述第一方面和第一方面的任意一种实现方式提供的投影模组，所述投影模组布置在所述本体上。
附图说明
图1为适用于本申请实施例的一种车辆100的示意性结构框图。
图2为本申请实施例提供的投影模组200的结构示意图。
图3为本申请实施例提供的第一种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的示意图。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种消光结构件400的示意图。
图5为本申请实施例提供的第二种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的示意图。
图6为本申请实施例提供的第三种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的示意图。
图7为适用于本申请实施例的一种图像生成单元210的结构示意图。
图8为本申请实施例提供的第二种投影模组800的示意性光路结构图。
图9为本申请实施例中投影模组800在第一状态和第二状态下的工作模式示意图。
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种控制投影模组的方法1000的示意图。
图11为本申请实施例中一种车灯的功能示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
为了便于理解本申请实施例，作出以下说明。
第一、在下文示出的本申请实施例中的文字说明或者附图中的术语，“第一”、“第二”等以及各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，第一光束和第二光束为不同的光束等。
第二、下文示出的本申请实施例中的术语“包括”以及任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列单元的系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些单元，而是可以包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些产品或设备固有的其他单元。
第三、在本申请实施例中，“示例性地”或者“例如”等词用于表示例子、例证或说明，被描述为“示例性地”或者“例如”的实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。使用“示例性地”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
第四、在本申请的附图中，为了便于说明，已经稍微夸大了各个光学元件的厚度、尺寸和形状。具体来讲，附图中所示出的光学元件形状通过实施例的方式示出，并且，附图仅为示例而非严格按照比例绘制。
第五、除非另外限定，否则本申请中使用的所有用语(包括技术用语和科学用语)均具有与本申请所属领域普通技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。
像素化大灯在迎宾图样的多样性和投影范围上都存在明显优势，具有成为新一代智能迎宾投影灯的潜质，当前，现有像素化大灯的垂直视场约为7°，然而车前投影距离通常大于8m，因此较小的垂直视场难以达成良好的迎宾效果。为了拉近迎宾投影的距离，通常采用电机将像素化大灯整体向下倾斜一定的角度。然而这种方案的调节范围十分有限，通常小于6°，同时还会侵占灯内的空间，导致造型布局难度大幅增加。
鉴于此，本申请提出一种投影模组，能够应用于像素化投影大灯中，通过更小的体积占用实现对宽光谱光束的偏转，从而满足像素化大灯的超近场投影需求，例如迎宾场景，具备优秀的投影效果和投影质量。
以下首先对本申请所提供的投影模组可以应用的车辆进行说明，参见图1所示，其中，图1为本申请所提供的车辆的一种实施例功能框图。在一个实施例中，将车辆100配置为完全或部分地自动驾驶模式。例如，车辆100可以在处于自动驾驶模式中的同时控制自身，并且可通过人为操作来确定车辆及其周边环境的当前状态，确定周边环境中的至少一个其他车辆的可能行为，并确定该其他车辆执行可能行为的可能性相对应的置信水平，基于所确定的信息来控制车辆100。在车辆100处于自动驾驶模式中时，可以将车辆100置为在没有和人交互的情况下操作。车辆100可包括各种系统，每个系统可包括多个元件。另外，车辆100的每个系统和元件可以通过有线或者无线互连。
本实施例所示的车辆包括传感器系统120，传感器系统120可包括感测关于车辆100周边的环境的信息的若干个传感器。例如，传感器系统120可包括定位系统121(定位系统可以是全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)系统，也可以是北斗系统或者其他定位系统)、惯性测量单元(inertial measurement unit，IMU)122、雷达123、激光测距仪124以及相机125。传感器系统120还可包括被监视车辆100的内部系统的传感器(例如，车内空气质量监测器、燃油量表、机油温度表等)。来自这些传感器中的一个或多个的传感器数据可用于检测对象及其相应特性(位置、形状、方向、速度等)。这种检测和识别是自主车辆100的安全操作的关键功能。定位系统121可用于估计车辆100的地理位置。IMU122用于基于惯性加速度来感测车辆100的位置和朝向变化。在一个实施例中，IMU122可以是加速度计和陀螺仪的组合。雷达123可利用无线电信号来感测车辆100的周边环境内的物体。在一些实施例中，除了感测物体以外，雷达123还可用于感测物体的速度和/或前进方向。本实施例对雷达123的具体类型不做限定，例如，雷达123可为毫米波雷达或激光雷达等。激光测距仪124可利用激光来感测车辆100所位于的环境中的物体。在一些实施例中，激光测距仪124可包括一个或多个激光源、激光扫描器以及一个或多个检测器，以及其他系统组件。相机125可用于捕捉车辆100的周边环境的多个图像。相机125可以是静态相机、视频相机、单\双目摄像头或红外成像仪。
车辆100还包括高级驾驶辅助系统(advanced driving assistance system，ADAS)110。ADAS110在车辆行车过程中随时来感应周围的环境，收集数据，进行静态、动态物体的辨识、侦测与追踪，并结合导航地图数据，进行系统的运算与分析，从而预先让驾驶者察觉到可能发生的危险，有效增加车辆驾驶的舒适性和安全性。例如，ADAS110可通过传感系统120获取的数据控制车辆。又如，ADAS110可通过车机数据控制车辆，其中，车机数据可为车辆仪表盘上的主要数据(油耗、发动机转速、温度等)、车速信息、方向盘转角信息，或车身姿态数据等。
ADAS110控制车辆的方式可为下述所示的一项或多项：ADAS110调整车辆100的前进方向。ADAS110控制车辆的引擎的操作速度并进而控制车辆100的速度。ADAS110操作由相机125捕捉的图像，以便识别车辆100周边环境中的物体和/或特征。在一些实施例中，ADAS110可以用于为环境绘制地图、跟踪物体、估计物体的速度等等。ADAS110确定车辆100的行车路线，在一些实施例中，ADAS110可结合来自传感系统120的一个或多个预定地图数据以为车辆100确定行车路线。ADAS110可识别、评估和避免或者以其他方式越过车辆100的环境中的潜在障碍物。
车辆100通过外围设备130与外部传感器、其他车辆、其他计算机系统或用户之间进行交互。外围设备130可包括无线通信系统131、车载电脑132、麦克风133和/或扬声器134。
在一些实施例中，外围设备130提供车辆100的用户与用户接口交互的手段。例如，车载电脑132可向车辆100的用户提供信息。用户接口还可操作车载电脑132来接收用户的输入。车载电脑132可以通过触摸屏进行操作。在其他情况中，外围设备130可提供用于车辆100与位于车内的其它设备通信的手段。例如，麦克风133可从车辆100的用户接收音频(例如，语音命令或其他音频输入)。类似地，扬声器134可向车辆100的用户输出音频。
无线通信系统131可以直接地或者经由通信网络来与一个或多个设备无线通信。例如，无线通信系统131可使用第三代移动通信技术(3rd-generation，3G)蜂窝通信，例如码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)、全球移动通信系统(global systemfor mobile communications，GSM)、通用分组无线服务技术(general packet radioservice，GPRS)。无线通信系统131可使用第四代移动通信技术(the 4th generationmobile communication technology，4G)蜂窝通信，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)。无线通信系统131还可使用第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobilecommunication technology，5G)蜂窝通信。无线通信系统131可利用无线局域网(wirelesslocal area network，WLAN)通信。在一些实施例中，无线通信系统131可利用红外链路、蓝牙或紫蜂协议(ZigBee)与设备直接通信。无线通信系统131还可利用各种车辆通信系统，例如，无线通信系统131可包括一个或多个专用短程通信(dedicated short rangecommunications，DSRC)设备，这些设备可包括车辆和/或路边台站之间的公共和/或私有数据通信。
车辆100的部分或所有功能受计算机系统140控制。计算机系统140可基于从各种系统(例如，传感系统120、ADAS110、外围设备130)以及从用户接口接收的输入来控制车辆100的功能。计算机系统140可包括至少一个处理器141，处理器141执行存储在例如存储器142这样的非暂态计算机可读介质中的指令。计算机系统140还可以是采用分布式方式控制车辆100的个体组件或子系统的多个计算设备。
本实施例对处理器141的类型不做限定，例如，该处理器141可为一个或多个现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)、专用集成芯片(applicationspecific integrated circuit，ASIC)、系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)、中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)、网络处理器(network processor，NP)、数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)、微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其它集成芯片，或者上述芯片或者处理器的任意组合等。其中，处理器141可位于车辆内部，或处理器141可以位于远离该车辆并且与该车辆进行无线通信。
在一些实施例中，存储器142可包含指令(例如，程序逻辑)，指令可被处理器141执行来执行车辆100的各种功能。除了指令以外，存储器142还可存储数据，例如地图数据、路线信息，车辆的位置、方向、速度以及其它的车辆数据。存储器142所存储的信息可在车辆100在自主、半自主和/或手动模式中操作期间被车辆100和计算机系统140使用。
本实施例所示的车辆100还包括投影模组150，投影模组150例如可以是像素化车灯模组等，在本申请中投影模组150具有体积小，投影质量高的优点，不仅能够实现超近场迎宾需求，在一些实施例中还能够兼顾照明需求，使得投影模组150能够适用于更多场景。以下结合各个实施例对投影模组150的具体结构进行说明。
需要说明的是，本实施例所示的投影模组150不仅可应用至车辆上，还可应用至船、飞机、直升飞机等驾驶工具上。
本申请方案涉及胶合菲涅尔棱镜，本申请方案中提供的各种菲涅尔棱镜不仅可以应用于像素化大灯，还可以应用于照相机、投影仪、显微镜、望远镜、光刻机等与光学成像、光学投影相关的领域，此外，还可应用于利用折射原理的任意系统，包括声学系统、声光系统等等，本申请不做限定。
图2为本申请实施例提供的第一种投影模组200的结构示意图。可以理解的是，投影模组200可以应用于如图1所示的交通工具中，作为投影模组150的一例。如图2所示，投影模组200包括图像生成单元210和胶合菲涅尔棱镜220。具体地，当投影模组200进行近场投影时，图像生成单元210用于向胶合菲涅尔棱镜出射第一光束。胶合菲涅尔棱镜220用于基于第一光束出射第二光束，该第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角。其中，胶合菲涅尔棱镜220包括至少一个胶合面、第一外表面和第二外表面，至少一个胶合面和第二外表面为锯齿面，锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于第一夹角确定。
需要说明的是，锯齿倾角为锯齿与光轴垂直面的夹角。在本申请方案中，锯齿面的锯齿倾角的范围为[0°，80°]，即胶合面的锯齿倾角为[0°，80°]中的一个，第二外表面的锯齿倾角选择为[0°，80°]中的一个，胶合面的锯齿倾角和第二外表面的锯齿倾角可以相同也可以不同。
在本申请的投影模组200中，使用了胶合菲涅耳棱镜220，对于胶合菲涅耳棱镜220来说，其可以将入射的第一光束的方向进行一定角度的偏折，同时，胶合菲涅耳棱镜220可以将至少两个棱镜胶合在一起，形成一个整体的光学系统，从而使得投影模组200体积变小的同时，通过胶合面削弱界面的反射导致的杂散光和鬼像，使投影模组具备良好的光学性能。需要说明的是，在本申请方案中，图像生成单元210出射的第一光束可以通过第一外表面进入胶合菲涅耳棱镜220，此时，第二光束从胶合菲涅耳棱镜220的第二外表面出射，或者，图像生成单元210出射的第一光束可以通过第二外表面进入胶合菲涅耳棱镜220，此时，第二光束从胶合菲涅耳棱镜220的第一外表面出射，本申请不做限定。
在本申请方案中，胶合菲涅耳棱镜220包含锯齿面，该锯齿面的锯齿倾角与胶合菲涅耳棱镜220出射的第二光束的第一夹角相关。即在本申请方案中，可以通过第一夹角确定胶合菲涅耳棱镜220的锯齿倾角，从而实现投影模组200出射的第二光束在第一夹角下的投影效果。换句话说，本申请提供的投影模组200可以根据期望的投影场景下投影模组200出射的第二光束的第一夹角，对胶合菲涅耳棱镜220的锯齿倾角进行相应的设计，从而实现不同第一夹角下的投影场景。可以理解的是，在本申请方案中第一夹角大于6°时，能够实现超近场的投影效果，当该投影模组200应用于像素大灯时，可以实现超近场的迎宾投影效果，提升用户体验。
接下来，结合图3至图6详细说明本申请实施例提供的三种胶合菲涅耳棱镜220的具体结构。
图3为本申请实施例提供的第一种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的示意图。如图3所示，图3中的(a)为胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的侧视图。具体地，胶合菲涅尔棱镜220为双胶合菲涅尔棱镜，由第一镜片310和第二镜片320构成，第一镜片310包括第一表面311和第二表面312。第二镜片320包括第三表面321和第四表面322。其中，第一镜片310的第二表面312与第二镜片320的第三表面321的面型重合，并通过胶合的方式粘贴在一起构成胶合面。第一表面311和第四表面322分别为胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的第一外表面和第二外表面。
具体地，在图3所示的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220中，第二表面312、第三表面321和第四表面322为锯齿面。根据上述图2的说明可知，第二表面312、第三表面321和第四表面322的锯齿倾角是基于第一夹角确定的。具体地，确定系统要求的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220对主光线的偏折角度(即第一夹角)，并选定胶合菲涅尔棱镜220第一镜片310和第二镜片320的材料后，根据消色差原理使不同波长入射光经过胶合菲涅尔棱镜220后，以相同的第一夹角出射在相同的位置处，从而实现对锯齿倾角的逆向设计。可以理解的是，对锯齿倾角的光学设计和优化过程可以通过光学软件或者光学公式、脚本等进行。
本申请方案对于锯齿的面型不做限定，即第二表面312、第三表面321和第四表面322的锯齿可以为倾斜平面或者为自由曲面。为了简化加工难度和设计难度，通常选择锯齿的面型为倾斜平面。
可以理解的是，由于第二表面312与第三表面321的面型重合，因此，为了使第二表面312与第三表面321完全啮合，本申请方案中，第二表面312与第三表面321的锯齿间距相同。可以理解的是，第二表面312与第三表面321的锯齿间距与第一镜片310和第二镜片320的材料的加工工艺相关。示例性地，当第一镜片310或第二镜片320的材料为塑料时，锯齿间距可以根据注塑工艺选择4mm等。当第一镜片310或第二镜片320的材料为玻璃时，锯齿间距可以根据冷加工工艺选择2mm等。需要说明的是，本申请不对第三表面321和第四表面322的锯齿间距进行限定，既可以相同也可以不同。
可选地，第一表面311为平面、锯齿面、球面或自由曲面。当第一表面311为锯齿面时，本申请不对第一表面311与第二表面312的锯齿间距进行限定，即第一表面311的锯齿间距可以与第二表面312的锯齿间距相同，也可以不同。可以理解的是，当第一表面311为锯齿面时，第一表面311锯齿的面型可以为倾斜平面或者为自由曲面，本申请不做限定。同样地，第一表面311的锯齿倾角可以根据胶合菲涅尔棱镜220对主光线的偏折角度、第一镜片310和第二镜片320的材料、以及投影模组200对胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的消色差需求来确定。第一表面311的锯齿面的锯齿倾角为[0°，80°]中的一个。当第一表面311为球面或自由曲面时，能够用于对图像生成单元210的离焦进行补偿，从而实现近场成像清晰的效果。
需要说明的是，本申请方案对于胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的第一镜片310和第二镜片320的材料不做限定。可选地，第一镜片310和第二镜片320的材料为塑料、玻璃、晶体及它们的任意组合。其中，塑料镜可以是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate，PMMA)、聚碳酸酯(polycarbonate，PC)等，通过精密加工、注塑、纳米压印等方式加工而成。玻璃镜片可以是常见的光学玻璃H-K9L材质、H-ZF1材质等，并通过冷加工、精密加工、高温模压、纳米压印等方式加工而成。可以理解的是，为了达到消色差的效果，第一镜片310和第二镜片320的材料设置为不同。
还需要说明的是，本申请方案对于第一镜片310和第二镜片320的形状不做限定。可选地，第一镜片310和第二镜片320的形状为圆形、矩形或者其他任意需求的形状。示例性地，图3中的(b)和图3中的(c)为胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的正视图。其中，图3中的(b)对应的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的口径形状为圆形，图3中的(c)对应的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的口径形状为矩形。
为了减少胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的通光表面由于反射而导致的杂散光，在一些实施例中，可以在胶合菲涅尔棱镜220与空气界面增加抗反层。即在第一表面311和/或第四表面322增加抗反层。示例性地，抗反层可以为抗反膜。
可选地，为了减少第四表面322的锯齿垂直面在掠入射下的强烈反射，可以在第四表面322的锯齿垂直面上设置光线吸收层。可以理解的是，当第一表面311为锯齿面时，同样可以在第一表面311的锯齿垂直面上设置光线吸收层。
此外，为了减少第四表面322的锯齿垂直面在掠入射下的反射，以及锯齿尖角和底角处的杂散光，在一些实施例中，可以通过在第四表面322的锯齿尖角和底角的垂直投影区域增加光线吸收层，包括但不限于涂墨、丝印、贴膜、镀膜等方式。或者，在另一些实施例中，可以通过在第四表面322上增加消光结构件来阻挡光线，即吸收杂散光。其中，消光结构件通过水平遮挡区域来吸收杂散光，该水平区域的覆盖锯齿尖角和底角处，即每个锯齿的锯齿尖角和底角与消光结构件的水平遮挡区一一对应。同时，水平遮挡区域的宽度可以根据每个锯齿的锯齿尖角、底角进行设计，以阻挡杂散光进入锯齿，从而避免出现杂散光或者鬼像。可选地，该消光结构件可以紧贴镜片第一表面311和/或第四表面322放置，也可以与第一表面311和/或第四表面322间隔一定距离布置。示例性地，图4为本申请实施例提供的一种消光结构件400的示意图。如图4中的(a)所示，消光结构件400的形状类似于“梯子”形状，其中，“梯子”的“梁”用于覆盖胶合菲涅耳棱镜220的尖角和底角区域，且与胶合菲涅耳棱镜220的锯齿尖角和底角一一对应。当图4中的(a)设置在图3所示的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220上时，包含消光结构件400的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220如图4中的(b)所示。
示例性地，结合图3中的(a)和图3中的(b)，表1示出了本申请实施例提供的一种口径为圆形的双胶合菲涅尔棱镜的相关光学数据。
表1
结合图3中的(a)和图3中的(c)，表2示出了本申请实施例提供的一种口径为矩形的双胶合菲涅尔棱镜的相关光学数据。
表2
可以理解的是，上述表1和表2中的数值仅为本申请实施例提供的示例，并不对本申请保护的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220构成限定。即在本申请的方案之下，可以根据需求设计出更多的双胶合菲涅尔棱镜，并不限定于上述表1或表2所示。
图5为本申请实施例提供的第二种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的示意图。如图5所示，图5中的(a)为胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的侧视图。具体地，胶合菲涅尔棱镜220为双胶合菲涅尔棱镜，由第一镜片510和第二镜片520构成，第一镜片510包括第一表面511和第二表面512。第二镜片520包括第三表面521和第四表面522。其中，第一镜片510的第二表面512与第二镜片520的第三表面521的面型重合，并通过胶合的方式粘贴在一起构成胶合面。第一表面511和第四表面522分别为胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的第一外表面和第二外表面。
与图3所示的第一种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220不同的是，在图5所示的第二种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220中，第一镜片510和第二镜片520均为梯形棱镜粘接而成。可以理解的是，梯形棱镜相对于整体菲涅耳棱镜的加工更为容易，因此，使用梯形棱镜制作菲涅尔棱镜，可以达到简化工艺的效果。
可以理解的是，在图5所示的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220中，第二表面512、第三表面521和第四表面522为梯形棱镜的斜面。该斜面的倾角同样是基于第一夹角确定的。即基于系统要求的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220对主光线的偏折角度(即第一夹角)，和第一镜片510和第二镜片520的材料后，根据消色差原理通过光学软件或者光学公式、脚本等进行逆向设计和优化。
同样的，第二表面512、第三表面521和第四表面522的斜面面型可以为倾斜平面或者为自由曲面。
可以理解的是，为了使第二表面512与第三表面521完全重合，每个梯形棱镜的高度相等。
可选地，第一表面511为平面、斜面、球面或自由曲面，本申请不做限定。当第一表面311为斜面时，该斜面的倾角可以根据胶合菲涅尔棱镜220对主光线的偏折角度、第一镜片510和第二镜片520的材料、以及投影模组200对胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的消色差需求来确定。第一表面511的斜面的倾角为[0°，80°]中的一个。同样地，为了实现更为清晰的投影效果，改善投影质量，可以将第一表面511设计为球面或自由曲面。
同样的，在本申请方案中，第一镜片510和第二镜片520的材料、形状均不做限定。例如，第一镜片510和第二镜片520的材料可以选择塑料、玻璃等。同时，第一镜片510和第二镜片520的形状可以为圆形，如图5中的(b)所示，或者为矩形，如图5中的(c)所示。具体地，可以参考上述图3中对第一镜片310和第二镜片320的相关说明，此处不再赘述。
此外，与图3所示的胶合菲涅尔220类似地，可选地，在第一表面511和/或第四表面522增加抗反层。或者，可选地，在第四表面522的梯形下表面上通过涂墨、丝印、贴膜、镀膜等方式设置光线吸收层。或者，可选地，在第一表面511和/或第四表面522上增加例如图4所示的消光结构件来阻挡光线，和吸收杂散光。具体地，可以参考上述图3中相关部分的说明，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，结合图5中的(a)和图5中的(c)，表3示出了本申请实施例提供的一种口径为矩形的双胶合菲涅尔棱镜的相关光学数据。
表3
可以理解的是，上述表3中的数值仅为本申请实施例提供的示例，并不对本申请保护的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220构成限定。即在本申请的方案之下，可以根据需求设计出更多的双胶合菲涅尔棱镜，并不限定于上述表3所示。
图6为本申请实施例提供的第三种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的示意图。如图6所示，图6中的(a)为胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的侧视图。具体地，胶合菲涅尔棱镜220为三胶合菲涅尔棱镜，由第一镜片610、第二镜片620和第三镜片630构成，第一镜片610包括第一表面611和第二表面612。第二镜片620包括第三表面621和第四表面622。第三镜片630包括第五表面631和第六表面632。其中，第一镜片610的第二表面612与第二镜片620的第三表面621的面型重合，并通过胶合的方式粘贴在一起构成第一胶合面，第二镜片620的第四表面622与第三镜片630的第五表面631的面型重合，并通过胶合的方式粘贴在一起，构成第二胶合面。第一表面611和第六表面632分别为胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的第一外表面和第二外表面。与图2所示的第一种胶合菲涅尔棱镜220不同的是，图6所示的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220采用三片菲涅尔棱镜胶合而成，可以进一步降低系统的色散，提升系统的成像质量。
可以理解的是，在图6所示的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220中，第二表面612、第三表面621、第四表面622、第五表面631和第六表面632为锯齿面。该锯齿面的倾角同样是基于第一夹角确定的。即基于系统要求的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220对主光线的偏折角度(即第一夹角)，和第一镜片610、第二镜片620和第三镜片630的材料后，根据消色差原理通过光学软件或者光学公式、脚本等进行逆向设计和优化。
同样的，第二表面612、第三表面621、第四表面622、第五表面631和第六表面632的锯齿面型可以为倾斜平面或者为自由曲面。
可以理解的是，为了使第二表面612与第三表面621完全啮合，第二表面612与第三表面621的锯齿间距相同。为了使第四表面622和第五表面631完全啮合，第四表面622和第五表面631的锯齿间距相同。
可选地，第一表面611为平面、锯齿面、球面或自由曲面，本申请不做限定。当第一表面611为锯齿面时，该锯齿面的倾角可以根据胶合菲涅尔棱镜220对主光线的偏折角度、第一镜片610、第二镜片620和第三镜片630的材料、以及投影模组200对胶合菲涅尔棱镜220的消色差需求来确定。第一表面611的斜面的倾角为[0°，80°]中的一个。同样地，为了实现更为清晰的投影效果，改善投影质量，可以将第一表面611设计为球面或自由曲面。
同样的，在本申请方案中，第一镜片610、第二镜片620和第三镜片630的材料、形状均不做限定。例如，第一镜片610、第二镜片620和第三镜片630的材料可以选择塑料、玻璃等。可以理解的是，为了达到消色差的效果，第一镜片610、第二镜片620和第三镜片630的材料设置为不同。
同时，第一镜片610、第二镜片620和第三镜片630的形状可以为圆形，如图6中的(b)所示，或者为矩形，如图6中的(c)所示。具体地，可以参考上述图3中对第一镜片310和第二镜片320的相关说明，此处不再赘述。
此外，与图3所示的胶合菲涅尔220类似地，可选地，在第一表面611和/或第六表面632增加抗反层。或者，可选地，在第六表面632的锯齿尖角和底角的垂直投影区域通过涂墨、丝印、贴膜、镀膜等方式设置光线吸收层。或者，可选地，在第一表面611和/或第六表面632上增加例如图4所示的消光结构件来阻挡光线和吸收杂散光。具体地，可以参考上述图3中相关部分的说明，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，结合图6中的(a)和图6中的(c)，表4示出了本申请实施例提供的一种口径为矩形的三胶合菲涅尔棱镜的相关光学数据。
表4

可以理解的是，上述表4中的数值仅为本申请实施例提供的示例，并不对本申请保护的胶合菲涅尔棱镜220构成限定。即在本申请的方案之下，可以根据需求设计出更多的双胶合菲涅尔棱镜，并不限定于上述表4所示。
图7为适用于本申请实施例的一种图像生成单元210的结构示意图。如图7所示，图像生成单元210包括光源710、调制单元720和投影模块730。其中，光源710用于提供承载图像数据的光束。调制单元720用于根据图像数据对光源发出的光束进行调制，使从调制单元720输出的光承载图像数据，即调制单元720输出的光为成像光(或称为图像光)。投影模块730用于将承载有图像数据的成像光投射。需要说明的是，图7仅为适用于本申请实施例的一种图像生成单元210的结构之一，即适用于本申请实施例的图像生成单元210并不限定于图7所示，在另一些实施例中，适用于本申请实施例的图像生成单元210还可以包括准直模块、匀光模块等。
可选地，图像生成单元210可以采用液晶显示(liquid crystal display，LCD)显示器、硅基液晶(liquid crystal on silicon，LCOS)显示器、有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)显示器、微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示器、采用miniLED的显示技术的显示器、数字光处理(digital light procession，DLP)显示器或微机电系统(micro-electro-mechanical systems，MEMS)显示器等，本申请不做限定。
图8为本申请实施例提供的第二种投影模组800的示意性光路结构图。可以理解的是，投影模组800可以应用于如图1所示的交通工具中，作为投影模组150的一例。如图8所示，投影模组800包括图像生成单元810、胶合菲涅尔棱镜820和传动单元830。其中，传动单元830与胶合菲涅尔棱镜820连接，传动单元830用于移动胶合菲涅尔棱镜820，使投影模组800的状态为第一状态或第二状态，第一状态下投影模组800出射的第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角，第二状态下投影模组800出射的第一光束与水平方向的夹角为第二夹角，第一夹角大于第二夹角。
需要说明的是，在本申请方案中，第一状态为投影模组800的近距离投影状态，示例性地，当投影模组应用于汽车的像素化大灯时，该第一状态可以是投影模组800应用于近场投影场景下的投影状态，例如迎宾投影场景。第二状态为投影模组800的远距离投影状态或照明状态，示例性地，当投影模组应用于汽车的像素化大灯时，该第二状态可以是投影模组800应用于辅助近光或者辅助远光下的照明状态。或者，还可以是远距离大画幅的观影场景下的投影状态。
具体地，当投影模组800应用于第一状态时，传动单元830用于将胶合菲涅尔棱镜820移动到图像生成单元810的前方，此时，图像生成单元810用于向胶合菲涅尔棱镜820出射第一光束。胶合菲涅尔棱镜820用于将来自图像生成单元810的第一光束的传输方向进行偏折，并出射第二光束。可以理解的是，当投影模组800应用于近场投影场景下时，第一光束和第二光束均为承载图像信息的图像光，第二光束用于生成投影模组800在第一状态下的第一图像。当投影模组800应用于第二状态时，传动单元830移动胶合菲涅尔棱镜820的位置，使图像生成单元810出射的第一光束无法投射到胶合菲涅尔棱镜820，此时，投影模组800出射的光束为图像生成单元810出射的第一光束。可以理解的是，当投影模组800应用于远场投影场景下时，该第一光束为携带图像信息的图像光，用于生成投影模组800在第二状态下的第二图像。当投影模组800应用于照明场景下时，该第一光束不携带图像信息，用于投影模组800在第二状态下照明。
根据上述说明可知，当投影模组800应用于第一状态下时，图像生成单元810出射的光束会经过胶合菲涅尔棱镜820。当投影模组800应用于第二状态下时，图像生成单元810出射的光束不会经过胶合菲涅尔棱镜820，而是直接出射。由于第一状态下投影模组800出射的第二光束与水平方向的第一夹角，大于第二状态下投影模组800出射的第一光束与水平方向的第二夹角。因此，投影模组800在第一状态下出射的第二光束的投影位置比投影模组800在第二状态下出射的第一光束的投影位置更靠近图像生成单元810。换句话说，第一光束经过胶合菲涅尔棱镜820的投影位置比不经过胶合菲涅尔棱镜820的投影位置更靠近图像生成单元810。示例性地，图9为本申请实施例中投影模组800在第一状态和第二状态下的工作模式示意图。如图9所示，投影模组800在第一状态下的投影位置为投影位置1，投影模组800在第二状态下的投影位置为投影位置2，当以驾驶员的视角来看时，投影位置1相对于投影位置2将更靠近驾驶员。
需要说明的是，当投影模组800在第一状态和第二状态之间进行切换时，传动单元830移动胶合菲涅尔棱镜820，可以是将胶合菲涅尔棱镜820相对于光轴方向左右移动，或者是相对于光轴方向上下移动均可，本申请不做限定。同时，传动单元830移动胶合菲涅尔棱镜820的方式可以是平移、旋转中的至少一个，本申请不做限定。此外，还需要说明的是，当投影模组800应用于第一状态时，传动单元830移动胶合菲涅尔棱镜820至图像生成单元810的前方，此时，胶合菲涅尔棱镜820可以与投影模组的光轴垂直，或者相对于光轴旋转，均不会影响对第一光束的偏折，投影的第一图像的位置保持大致不变。换句话说，本申请提供的投影装置800对装配公差具有较高的容忍度，使得本身请提供的投影模组的装配简单，容易操作。
可选地，在本申请方案中，传动单元830基于投影模组800的状态信息移动菲涅尔棱镜820。
在一些实施例中，该状态信息可以是压力信号，示例性地，用户通过按压控制传动单元830的按钮，当传动单元830接收到压力信号后，则将菲涅尔棱镜820移动到图像生成单元810的前方，使第一光束透射菲涅尔棱镜820。当传动单元830未接收到压力信号，例如，用户操作控制传动单元830的按钮弹出，或者控制传动单元830的按钮为默认的出厂弹出状态时，传动单元830则将菲涅尔棱镜820移出图像生成单元810的前方，使得第一光束不会透射菲涅尔棱镜820。
在另一些实施例中，该状态信息可以是电信号，示例性地，用户通过与投影模组800连接的显示设备上的状态选择功能，选择投影模组800的不同状态，此时不同的状态对应不同的电信号，例如，第一状态对应第一电信号，第二状态对应第二电信号，当传动单元830接收到第一电信号后，则将菲涅尔棱镜820移动到图像生成单元810的前方，使第一光束透射菲涅尔棱镜820。当传动单元830接收到第二信号后，传动单元830则将菲涅尔棱镜820移出图像生成单元810的前方，使得第一光束不会透射菲涅尔棱镜820。
在另一些实施例中，该状态信息可以是无线电信号，例如蓝牙信号等，示例性地，用户通过操作与投影模组800连接的控制设备，例如手机、遥控等设备，选择投影模组800的不同状态，此时不同的状态对应不同的蓝牙信号，例如，第一状态对应第一蓝牙信号，第二状态对应第二蓝牙信号，当传动单元830接收到第一蓝牙信号后，则将菲涅尔棱镜820移动到图像生成单元810的前方，使第一光束透射胶合菲涅尔棱镜820。当传动单元830接收到第二蓝牙信号后，传动单元830则将胶合菲涅尔棱镜820移出图像生成单元810的前方，使得第一光束不会透射菲涅尔棱镜820。
可以理解的是，胶合菲涅尔棱镜820可以是上述图3、图5和图6中的任意一种胶合菲涅尔棱镜，或者其他本申请未示出的胶合菲涅尔棱镜中的一例，具体地，可以参考上述图3、图5和图6中的相关说明，此处不再赘述。
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种控制投影模组的方法1000的示意图。该方法可以用于对上述图8所示的投影模组800进行控制，由控制器、控制设备、控制芯片等执行，本申请对此不作限定。具体地，该方法包括如下多个步骤。
S1001，响应于用户对投影模组的控制操作，投影模组工作在第一状态或第二状态下，其中，投影模组包括图像生成单元和胶合菲涅尔棱镜，胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括至少一个胶合面、第一外表面和第二外表面，至少一个胶合面和第二外表面为锯齿面，第一状态下图像生成单元向胶合菲涅尔棱镜出射第一光束，胶合菲涅尔棱镜基于第一光束出射第二光束，第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角，锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于第一夹角确定，第二状态下图像生成单元出射的第一光束无法投射至胶合菲涅尔棱镜，第一光束与水平方向的夹角为第二夹角，第一夹角大于第二夹角。
具体地，当方法100应用于图8所示的投影模组800中时，用户通过控制操作使投影模组800工作在第一状态或者第二状态下。其中，第一状态和第二状态的说明可以参考上述图8中的相关说明，此处不再赘述。同时，用户的控制操作可以包括上述图8中举例说明的按压按钮、触摸显示设备、或者控制手机或者遥控设备等，此处不再赘述。
可选地，在S1001之前，方法1000还包括S1002。
S1002，获取状态信息，根据状态信息移动胶合菲涅尔棱镜，其中，状态信息为第一状态信息或第二状态信息，第一状态信息对应第一状态，第二状态信息对应第二状态。
具体地，传动单元830在对胶合菲涅尔棱镜820移动之前，传动单元830获取状态信息，并根据状态信息响应用户的控制操作。可以理解的是，状态信息根据用户的控制操作具有不同的形式，例如，若用户操作为按压按钮操作时，状态信息为压力信号。若用户操作为触摸显示设备的操作时，状态信息为电信号。若用户操作为对无线控制设备的操作时，状态信息为无线信号。具体地，可以参考上述图8中的相关说明，此处不再赘述。
以照明提示系统为车灯为例，本申请实施例还提供一种车灯。图11为本申请实施例中一种车灯的功能示意图。如图11所示，该车灯20包括控制器21，驱动模组22以及照明模组23。上述实施例中的投影模组具体可以应用在照明模组23中。由于车辆一般有左右两个前大灯，故照明模组23分为左右两个，一般具有各自对应的驱动模组22，当然，也不排除利用同一个驱动模组同时驱动两个照明模组23的情况。通常情况下，控制器21通过总线与车辆中的计算机系统通信，用于接收各种信息或者控制信号，再分别给两个驱动模组22发送信息，控制驱动模组22来驱动对应的照明模组23，实现想要达到的照明效果。需要说明的是，随着技术的发展，控制器21的功能可能会集成到整车的计算机系统中实现，由计算机系统直接控制驱动模组22来驱动对应的照明模组23，本申请不做限定。此外，车灯20还可能集成一些感知模块，例如，将激光雷达、毫米波雷达或红外探测装置等感知模块中的任一种集成到智能车灯中，形成感照一体化的车灯。
控制器21可包括一个或多个处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储解析来自计算机系统的指令的代码，以及控制驱动模组22的代码，处理器根据上述代码，解析指令，并控制驱动模组23。在实际应用中，存储器可在控制器21内部，也可在控制器21外部，本申请不作限定。其中，处理器可为一个或多个现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)、专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)、中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)、网络处理器(network processor，NP)、数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)、微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其它集成芯片，或者上述芯片或者处理器的任意组合等。存储器可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如RAM；存储器也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-vlatile memory)，例如ROM、快闪存储器(flash memory)、机械硬盘HDD或固态硬盘SSD；存储器还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。
驱动模组22是与照明模组23配套的，例如，当照明模组23采用DLP技术时，驱动模组22为数字微镜器件(Digital Micro-mirror Device，DMD)的驱动芯片；当照明模组23采用LCD技术时，驱动模组22为LCD的驱动芯片；当照明模组23采用LCOS时，驱动模组22为LCOS的驱动芯片；本申请对此不做限定。
照明模组23利用矩阵式LED、Micro-LED、DMD、LCD、LCOS以及激光扫描等技术，可以实现ADB功能，还可以投射出文字，交通标志、甚至视频等，提升驾驶安全以及用户体验。应理解，图11仅为车灯的示意图，并不构成限定；车灯可以由照明模组23在实现投影的同时，实现远近光的功能，也可以包括单独的远近光模组；其中，如果包括单独的远近光模组，远近光模组可以由控制器21来控制远光和近光的开或关，也可以通过总线与车辆的计算机系统通信，由计算机系统来控制远光和近光的开或关，本申请不做限定。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，以上所描述的实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种投影模组，其特征在于，包括：图像生成单元和胶合菲涅尔棱镜，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括至少一个胶合面、第一外表面和第二外表面，所述至少一个胶合面和所述第二外表面为锯齿面，其中，
    所述图像生成单元，用于向所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜出射第一光束，
    所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，用于基于所述第一光束出射第二光束，所述第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于所述第一夹角确定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述第一夹角大于6°。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角的范围为[0°，80°]。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于所述第一夹角确定，包括：当所述所胶合菲涅尔棱镜的材料确定时，基于所述第一夹角调整所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角，使所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜的色差满足预设范围。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述第一光束与水平方向的夹角为第二夹角，所述第一夹角大于所述第二夹角。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述投影模组还包括传动单元，所述传动单元与所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜连接，
    所述传动单元，用于移动所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜至所述图像生成单元的前方，使所述图像生成单元出射的所述第一光束投射至所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，或者，用于移动所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，使所述图像生成单元出射的所述第一光束无法投射至所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述第一外表面和/或所述第二外表面上设置有抗反层，所述抗反层用于降低杂散光在所述第一外表面和/或所述第二外表面上的反射。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述第二外表面的锯齿垂直面上设置有吸收层，所述吸收层用于吸收杂散光。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述第一外表面和/或所述第二外表面上设置有消光结构件，所述消光结构件用于吸收杂散光，所述消光结构件的每个遮挡区与所述锯齿面的锯齿尖角和底角一一对应。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述第一外表面为球面或者自由曲面或者平面。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜为双胶合菲涅尔棱镜，所述双胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括第一镜片和第二镜片，所述第一镜片和所述第二镜片由梯形棱镜粘接形成。
  12. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的投影模组，其特征在于，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜为三胶合菲涅尔棱镜。
  13. 一种控制投影模组的方法，其特征在于，所述投影模组包括图像生成单元和胶合菲涅尔棱镜，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜包括至少一个胶合面、第一外表面和第二外表面，所述至少一个胶合面和所述第二外表面为锯齿面，所述方法包括：
    响应于用户对所述投影模组的控制操作，所述投影模组工作在第一状态或第二状态下，其中，
    所述第一状态下所述图像生成单元向所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜出射第一光束，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜基于所述第一光束出射第二光束，所述第二光束与水平方向的夹角为第一夹角，所述锯齿面的锯齿倾角基于所述第一夹角确定；
    所述第二状态下所述图像生成单元出射的第一光束无法投射至所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一光束与水平方向的夹角为第二夹角，所述第一夹角大于所述第二夹角。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述投影模组还包括传动单元，所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜与所述传动单元连接，其中，所述响应于用户对所述投影模组的控制操作，包括：
    所述传动单元获取所述控制操作生成的状态信息，所述状态信息为第一状态信息或第二状态信息，所述第一状态信息对应所述第一状态，所述第二状态信息对应所述第二状态；
    所述传动单元根据所述状态信息移动所述胶合菲涅尔棱镜，使所述投影模组的状态为所述第一状态或所述第二状态。
  16. 一种车灯，其特征在于，包括控制系统和如权利要求1至12中任一项所述的投影模组，所述控制系统与传动单元相连，
    所述控制系统，用于向所述传动单元输入所述投影模组的状态信息，所述状态信息为第一状态信息或第二状态信息，所述第一状态信息对应所述第一状态，所述第二状态信息对应所述第二状态。
  17. 一种交通工具，其特征在于，包括所述交通工具的本体和如权利要求1至12中任一项所述的投影模组，所述投影模组布置在所述本体上。
PCT/CN2025/093050 2024-05-24 2025-05-07 一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具 Pending WO2025241882A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410661411.9A CN121048116A (zh) 2024-05-24 2024-05-24 一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具
CN202410661411.9 2024-05-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025241882A1 true WO2025241882A1 (zh) 2025-11-27

Family

ID=97794656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2025/093050 Pending WO2025241882A1 (zh) 2024-05-24 2025-05-07 一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN121048116A (zh)
WO (1) WO2025241882A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0588265A (ja) * 1991-09-26 1993-04-09 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd プロジエクシヨンスクリーン及びその製造方法
JPH1062608A (ja) * 1996-08-23 1998-03-06 Komii Kogei Kk 死角確認用レンズ
US20070153402A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Destain Patrick R Fresnel lens combination
CN106796020A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2017-05-31 陈家铭 灯控系统和方法
CN207833880U (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-09-07 北京眸合科技有限公司 一种空中悬浮显示系统
CN117685529A (zh) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-12 华为技术有限公司 一种投影模组及交通工具

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0588265A (ja) * 1991-09-26 1993-04-09 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd プロジエクシヨンスクリーン及びその製造方法
JPH1062608A (ja) * 1996-08-23 1998-03-06 Komii Kogei Kk 死角確認用レンズ
US20070153402A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Destain Patrick R Fresnel lens combination
CN106796020A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2017-05-31 陈家铭 灯控系统和方法
CN207833880U (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-09-07 北京眸合科技有限公司 一种空中悬浮显示系统
CN117685529A (zh) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-12 华为技术有限公司 一种投影模组及交通工具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN121048116A (zh) 2025-12-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US12092819B2 (en) Head-up display and head-up display method
KR101811595B1 (ko) 차량용 헤드램프 및 이를 포함하는 차량
CN113165513A (zh) 平视显示器、车辆用显示系统以及车辆用显示方法
CN107272168A (zh) 车辆用照相机
CN114466761B (zh) 平视显示器及图像显示系统
JP7652970B2 (ja) 画像生成装置及びヘッドアップディスプレイ
US20220057203A1 (en) Distance measurement device and distance measurement method
WO2025241882A1 (zh) 一种投影模组、控制投影模组的方法、车灯和交通工具
CN113711106B (zh) 车辆用平视显示器以及用于该车辆用平视显示器的光源单元
US20240036311A1 (en) Head-up display
CN222925366U (zh) 一种投影模组、车灯和交通工具
CN115685654A (zh) 投影装置、交通工具和显示设备
CN118859614A (zh) 一种投影装置、车灯、交通工具和投影方法
WO2025223204A1 (zh) 一种投影模组、照明装置、车灯系统和交通工具
WO2017147173A1 (en) High-precision focus mechanism for a pico projector module
CN222335204U (zh) 镜片组件、图像显示系统、车载灯、车灯系统及交通工具
CN114503010B (zh) 平视显示器
WO2022141852A1 (zh) 一种投影光学系统及汽车的抬头显示装置
JP6729327B2 (ja) ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置、表示方法およびプログラム
CN120871516A (zh) 一种车灯模组、控制车灯的方法、车灯系统和交通工具
JP7160020B2 (ja) ウィンドシールドディスプレイ装置
JP2019179375A (ja) 画像表示装置及び画像表示方法
US20240069335A1 (en) Head-up display
CN120928529A (zh) 一种投影镜头装置及投影设备
WO2025232615A1 (zh) 一种激光雷达以及设备