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WO2025139682A1 - Dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025139682A1
WO2025139682A1 PCT/CN2024/137160 CN2024137160W WO2025139682A1 WO 2025139682 A1 WO2025139682 A1 WO 2025139682A1 CN 2024137160 W CN2024137160 W CN 2024137160W WO 2025139682 A1 WO2025139682 A1 WO 2025139682A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
branch
switch
resonance
connection point
switch branch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/137160
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙利滨
师传波
储嘉慧
王汉阳
袁伶华
王吉康
克瑞普科夫亚力山大
陈重
叶建波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025139682A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025139682A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device.
  • the frame is used as the antenna radiator in the existing terminal electronic devices.
  • the frame radiator is mainly used to form a linear polarization antenna.
  • the area where the antenna has better radiation characteristics for example, the gain of the antenna in this area is greater than or equal to AdBic, A is the minimum gain value that meets the communication requirements in the satellite communication system
  • the relative position of the electronic device and the satellite changes. For example, when a low-orbit satellite moves, the satellite may exceed the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics. In this case, the user needs to change the holding posture or move so that the satellite is still in the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics to maintain the satellite state or establish a connection with a new satellite. Otherwise, it will cause poor communication quality or even disconnection, which greatly affects the user's communication experience.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna.
  • the working frequency band of the antenna includes a satellite communication frequency band.
  • the antenna uses at least a conductive part of a frame as a radiator.
  • the antenna can generate different maximum radiation directions to enhance the user's experience when performing satellite communication.
  • an electronic device comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame comprising a first position and a second position, the frame having a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the second position; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a radiator, the radiator comprising a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, at least a portion of the radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a feeding circuit, the radiator comprising a feeding point, the feeding circuit being coupled to the feeding point; a first switch branch, a second switch branch and a first switch, the radiator comprising a first connection point, the first switch branch, the second switch branch and the first switch being coupled and connected between the first connection point and the floor, the first connection port of the first switch being coupled to the first switch branch, the second connection port of the first switch being coupled to the The second switch branch is coupled; wherein the frame includes a first side and a second side intersecting at an angle, the first position and the second position
  • the first connection point can be coupled to the first switch branch or the second switch branch respectively through the first switch.
  • the antenna is still in the same working state (for example, working in the transmitting frequency band and/or receiving frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band).
  • the coupling of the first connection point to the first switch branch or the second switch branch does not change the working frequency band of the antenna. Therefore, when the first connection point is coupled to the first switch branch or the second switch branch, the antenna can perform satellite communication.
  • the first resonance/second resonance is generated by the line DM mode described in the embodiment. Since the current generated by the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator, the current is mainly concentrated on the radiator, and the current on the floor has little effect on the antenna, making it easy to determine the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna.
  • the antenna based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the antenna is used to generate a first radiation pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern is a first direction; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the antenna is used to generate a second radiation pattern, and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different.
  • the antenna can have two directional patterns with different maximum radiation directions in the first frequency band.
  • the antenna can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by the antenna according to the communication status (for example, including relative position) between the communication satellite and the electronic device to switch the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna to ensure the communication quality between the communication satellite and the electronic device.
  • the electronic device has good communication characteristics within a range of a large angle (e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°) with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, such as the z direction).
  • a large angle e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°
  • the antenna has a wide beam characteristic, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 has good characteristics within a large angle, which effectively improves the user experience.
  • an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.
  • the width of the antenna radiation beam can be further widened, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (the angle with the top direction).
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch is smaller than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch, or, based on the fact that the first switch branch and the second switch branch are inductive, the equivalent inductance value of the first switch branch is smaller than the equivalent inductance value of the second switch branch, or, the first switch branch can be capacitive and the second switch branch can be inductive.
  • the first connection point is located on a first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point is located on a second side of the virtual axis; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the current on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the directional pattern generated by the antenna is deflected toward the second side.
  • the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor on the second side of the virtual axis, the directional pattern generated by the antenna is deflected toward the first side. Therefore, if there is a larger angle between the first direction and the second direction, the width of the antenna radiation beam can be further widened, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).
  • the radiator includes a grounding point, the grounding point is coupled to the floor, and the grounding point is located between the feeding point and the first connection point.
  • the coupling amount between the floor and the radiator is increased, so that the current difference between the first switch branch or the second switch branch and the first connection point coupled floor is larger, thereby making the difference between the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern larger (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions is increased), which can further widen the width of the antenna radiation beam, so that the antenna has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).
  • the radiator based on the coupling of the first connection point with the first switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a third resonance, and there is a first frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance; based on the coupling of the first connection point with the second switch branch, the radiator is used to generate a fourth resonance, and there is a second frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the second resonance and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance, and the second frequency difference is greater than the first frequency difference.
  • an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.
  • FIG. 9 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 10 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 are coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 13 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupling different switch branches) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 25 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 , and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 26 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 , and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 27 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 28 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 29 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG30 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG33 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .
  • FIG34 shows S parameters of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .
  • FIG. 35 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupling different switch branches) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 31 .
  • FIG36 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .
  • FIG37 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 , and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 ) in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG31 .
  • FIG. 38 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 31 .
  • Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and/or indirect coupling, and "coupled connection” can be understood as direct coupling connection and/or indirect coupling connection.
  • Direct coupling can also be called “electrical connection”, which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in the circuit structure through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling” can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless/non-contact manner.
  • indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor.
  • Component/device includes at least one of lumped component/device and distributed component/device.
  • Lumped component/device refers to the collective name for all components when the size of the component is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency. For the signal, regardless of any time, the component characteristics always remain fixed and are independent of frequency.
  • Distributed components/devices Unlike lumped components, if the size of the component is similar to or larger than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency, then when the signal passes through the component, the characteristics of each point of the component itself will vary due to changes in the signal. At this time, the component as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed component.
  • the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display screen/module (display) 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame (middle frame) 19 and a rear cover (rear cover) 21.
  • the cover 13 may be a glass cover, or may be replaced by a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material cover.
  • the cover plate 13 may be disposed closely to the display module 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.
  • the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel or an organic light-emitting semiconductor (OLED) display panel, etc., but the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • LCD liquid crystal display panel
  • LED light emitting diode
  • OLED organic light-emitting semiconductor
  • a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB17.
  • the metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB17, and can also be used for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc.
  • the metal layer can be called a floor, or a grounding plate, or a grounding layer.
  • the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any layer of the dielectric board in the PCB17.
  • the metal layer for grounding can be arranged on one side of the printed circuit board PCB17 close to the middle frame 19.
  • the edge of the printed circuit board PCB17 can be regarded as the edge of its grounding layer.
  • the metal middle frame 19 can also be used for grounding the above-mentioned components.
  • the electronic device 10 can also have other floors/grounding plates/grounding layers, as described above, which will not be repeated here.
  • a floor/grounding plate/grounding layer is usually provided in the internal space 0-2 mm away from the inner surface of the frame (for example, a printed circuit board, a middle frame, a metal layer of a screen, a battery, etc. can all be regarded as part of the floor).
  • a medium is filled between the frame and the floor, and the inner surface contour of the filling medium and the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the medium can be simply regarded as the length and width of the floor; the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the contour formed by superimposing all the conductive parts inside the frame can also be regarded as the length and width of the floor.
  • the electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown).
  • the battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.
  • the antenna radiator is arranged close to the non-conductive material of the frame 11, which means that the antenna radiator can be arranged close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, or it can be embedded in the non-conductive material, or it can be arranged close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, for example, there can be a certain small gap between the antenna radiator and the inner surface of the non-conductive material. It should be understood that both the conductive material and the non-conductive material can be regarded as part of the frame 11.
  • the insulating gap can be understood as a gap opened in the frame 11 filled with non-metallic material (insulating material). In this case, the gap is visible on the exterior surface.
  • the insulating gap can be understood as a gap formed between two sections of radiators on the inner surface of the frame 11.
  • Non-metallic material insulating material
  • Non-metallic material may be provided in the gap, or non-metallic material may not be provided, for example, it is filled with air. In this case, the gap is not visible on the exterior surface.
  • the frame 11 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive/transmit radio frequency signals. There can be a gap between this portion of the frame that serves as the radiator and other portions of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment.
  • the middle frame 19 can be provided with an aperture at this portion of the frame that serves as the radiator to facilitate the radiation of the antenna.
  • the back cover 21 may be a back cover made of metal material; or a back cover made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or a back cover made of both conductive and non-conductive materials.
  • the back cover 21 made of conductive material may replace the middle frame 19 and be integrated with the frame 11 to support the electronic components in the whole device.
  • the middle frame 19 and/or the conductive parts in the back cover 21 can be used as the reference ground of the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.
  • the antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be arranged in the housing, such as a bracket antenna, a millimeter wave antenna, etc. (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the clearance of the antenna arranged in the housing can be obtained by the slits/openings on any one of the middle frame, and/or the frame, and/or the back cover, and/or the display screen, or by the non-conductive gap/aperture formed between any of them.
  • the clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation characteristics of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component in the electronic device 10, and the antenna radiates signals to the external space through the non-conductive area.
  • the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser direct structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA).
  • the antenna can also adopt a transparent structure embedded in the screen of the electronic device 10, so that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded in the screen of the electronic device 10.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows only some components of the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, sizes and structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a common mode of an antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a differential mode of another antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.
  • the antenna radiator in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 has open ends, and its common mode mode and differential mode can be respectively referred to as a line common mode mode and a line differential mode mode.
  • CM-DM mode refers to the line common mode mode and the line differential mode mode generated on the same radiator, or refers to the slot common mode mode and the slot differential mode mode generated on the same radiator, which can be specifically determined according to the structure of the antenna.
  • FIG. 2 shows that both ends of the radiator of the antenna 40 are open, and a feeding circuit (not shown) is connected at the middle position 41.
  • the feeding form of the antenna 40 adopts symmetrical feed.
  • the feeding circuit can be connected to the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 through a feeding line 42.
  • symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding circuit is connected to the radiator and the other end is grounded, wherein the connection point between the feeding circuit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator, and the center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint).
  • the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator.
  • the connection between the feed line 42 and the antenna 40 covers the middle position 41 .
  • FIG2 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 40.
  • the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, symmetrically; the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 41.
  • the current at the feeder 42 is distributed in the same direction. Based on the same direction distribution of the current at the feeder 42, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG2 can be called line CM feeding.
  • the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG2 can be called a line CM mode (it can also be referred to as a CM mode for short, for example, for a line antenna, the CM mode refers to a line CM mode).
  • the current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG2 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line CM mode.
  • the current is stronger at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 (the current is stronger near the middle position 41 of the antenna 40), and weaker at both ends of the antenna 40, as shown in (b) of Figure 2.
  • the electric field is weaker at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40, and stronger at both ends of the antenna 40.
  • the left and right ends of the two radiators of the antenna 50 are open ends, and a feeding circuit is connected at the middle position 51.
  • the feeding form of the antenna 50 adopts anti-symmetrical feed.
  • One end of the feeding circuit is connected to one of the radiators through a feeding line 52, and the other end of the feeding circuit is connected to the other radiator through a feeding line 52.
  • the middle position 51 can be the geometric center of the antenna 50, or the gap formed between the radiators.
  • the "center antisymmetric feeding” mentioned in this application can be understood as that the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit are respectively connected to two connection points near the above-mentioned midpoint of the radiator.
  • the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit output signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, for example, the phase difference is 180° ⁇ 10°.
  • FIG3 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 50.
  • the current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, for example, in an antisymmetric distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51.
  • the current at the feeder 52 is distributed in opposite directions. Based on the opposite distribution of the current at the feeder 52, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG3 can be called line DM feeding.
  • the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG3 can be called a line DM mode (it can also be referred to as a DM mode for short, for example, for a linear antenna, the DM mode refers to a line DM mode).
  • the current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG3 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line DM mode.
  • the current is stronger at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50 (the current is stronger near the middle position 51 of the antenna 50), and weaker at both ends of the antenna 50, as shown in (b) of FIG3.
  • the electric field is weaker at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, and stronger at both ends of the wire antenna 50.
  • two feeding points are set in the middle position of the radiator, and an anti-symmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, if two symmetrical feeding points on the radiator are fed with signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG. 3 can also be obtained.
  • the resonant frequency band of the resonance generated by the radiator 210 can include the first frequency band.
  • the first frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1980 MHz-2010 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1610 MHz-1626.5 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 operates in a low-orbit satellite system (e.g., StarNet), and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1668 MHz-1675 MHz) therein.
  • a low-orbit satellite system e.g., StarNet
  • the second frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2170 MHz-2200 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2483.5 MHz-2500 MHz) therein.
  • the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (1518 MHz-1525 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 may further include a tuning circuit.
  • the tuning circuit is coupled to the radiator 210 and is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band, so that the antenna 200 can operate in the first frequency band and the second frequency band in different time slots.
  • the tuning circuit may include other switch branches coupled to the first connection point through the first switch 241. The switch branch is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band.
  • the tuning circuit may include a first switch branch 231 and a second switch branch 232, and the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the first frequency band.
  • Other switch branches may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the second frequency band.
  • the antenna 200 When the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 through the first switch 241, the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern, and the maximum radiator direction of the first directional pattern is the first direction. In one embodiment, the antenna 200 generates the first directional pattern, and it can be considered that the radiator 210 and the first switch branch 231 are used to generate the first directional pattern.
  • the antenna 200 When the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232 through the first switch 241, the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern, and the maximum radiator direction of the second directional pattern is the second direction.
  • the antenna 200 generates the second directional pattern, and it can be considered that the radiator 210 and the second switch branch 232 are used to generate the second directional pattern.
  • the first direction and the second direction are different.
  • the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description.
  • the same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 either including the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the corresponding frequency band when the first switch 241 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232.
  • the first frequency band is a transmitting frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band (for example, the transmitting frequency band in the Tiantong satellite system, 1980MHz-2010MHz), and the antenna 200 can be coupled to the first switching branch 231 or the second switching branch 232 through the first connection point 211 to generate the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern to transmit a radio frequency signal to the communication satellite.
  • the antenna 200 can be coupled to the first switching branch 231 or the second switching branch 232 through the first connection point 211 to generate the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern to transmit a radio frequency signal to the communication satellite.
  • the second frequency band is a receiving frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band (for example, the receiving frequency band in the Tiantong satellite system, 2170MHz-2200MHz), and the antenna 200 can be coupled to the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern generated by the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 through the first connection point 211 to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the communication satellite.
  • the antenna 200 can be coupled to the first directional pattern or the second directional pattern generated by the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 through the first connection point 211 to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the communication satellite.
  • the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the transmitting frequency band or the receiving frequency band of the satellite system in different time slots.
  • the antenna 200 can transmit a radio frequency signal to the communication satellite or receive a radio frequency signal sent by the communication satellite through the generated first directional pattern or the second directional pattern.
  • Antenna 200 can have two directional patterns with different maximum radiation directions in the first frequency band. Antenna 200 can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by antenna 200 according to the communication status (for example, including relative position) between the communication satellite and the electronic device 10 to switch the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by antenna 200 to ensure the communication quality between the communication satellite and the electronic device 10.
  • the communication status for example, including relative position
  • the electronic device 10 has good communication characteristics within a range of a large angle (e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°) with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction).
  • a large angle e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°
  • the antenna 200 has a wide beam characteristic, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 has good characteristics within a large angle, which effectively improves the user experience.
  • the first resonance/second resonance is generated by the line DM mode described in the above embodiment. Since the current generated by the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator 210, the current is mainly concentrated on the radiator 210, and the current on the floor 300 has little effect on the antenna 200, so it is easy to determine the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200.
  • both ends of the radiator 210 are open ends, and the radiator 210 can operate in a half-wavelength mode.
  • the electrical length of the radiator 210 is half of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance generated by the radiator 210.
  • the wavelength corresponding to the resonance can be understood as the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point of the resonance, or the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonance frequency band. It should be understood that the above wavelengths are all vacuum wavelengths. Since there is a certain conversion relationship between the medium wavelength and the vacuum wavelength, the above vacuum wavelength can also be converted to the medium wavelength.
  • the transverse mode of the floor can be excited (accounting for more than the longitudinal mode), but the currents corresponding to the transverse modes on the floor will cancel each other out, so the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the line CM mode are low.
  • the radiation of the antenna in the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator, and the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the line DM mode are better than those of the line CM mode.
  • an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.
  • the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200 can be further widened, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).
  • the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 can be used to adjust the current distribution on the radiator 210 and the floor 300 .
  • the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, as shown in (a) and (b) in Figure 6.
  • the current e.g., current intensity, current density
  • the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the radiator 210 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the radiator 210 on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the current e.g., current intensity, current density
  • the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is smaller than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, as shown in (c) and (d) in FIG6 .
  • the current e.g., current intensity, current density
  • the second switch branch 232 is coupled to the first connection point 211, the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the radiator 210 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the radiator 210 on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the current e.g., current intensity, current density
  • the current on the floor 300 described in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as the current near the edge of the floor 300 close to the radiator/parasitic branch, for example, the current within 30 mm from the edge.
  • the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 is deflected toward the second side.
  • the current (e.g., current intensity, current density) on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis
  • the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 is deflected toward the first side.
  • the width of the antenna radiation beam can be further widened, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to different switch branches through the first switch 241 , so that the current distribution on the floor 300 can be adjusted, thereby deflecting the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 .
  • the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be capacitive.
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 may both be less than or equal to 2 pF.
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 is smaller than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 .
  • the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be inductive.
  • the equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232 may both be greater than or equal to 5 nH and less than or equal to 100 nH.
  • the first switch branch is coupled to the first connection point, and the first directional pattern is only at Phi In the range greater than 90° and less than 270°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0 dBi, as shown in FIG11 .
  • first side 131 in the embodiment of the present application may include a side extending in a straight line, and may also include a side extending in an arc line, and the second side 132 may be understood similarly.
  • the first side 131 may include a portion extending in a straight line and half of the portion extending in an arc line
  • the second side 132 may include a portion extending in a straight line and the other half of the portion extending in an arc line.
  • the extension direction of the first side 131 is the direction of the portion extending in a straight line.
  • the extension direction of the second side 132 is the direction of the portion extending in a straight line.
  • the third side 133 in the subsequent embodiments may also be understood accordingly.
  • the antenna 200 may further include a first parasitic stub 251 , a third switch branch 233 , a fourth switch branch 234 , and a second switch 242 .
  • the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG16 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG7 is only the first parasitic stub 251.
  • the first parasitic stub 251 is not provided.
  • the conductive portion between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 serves as the first parasitic stub 251.
  • the parasitic branch 251 is set, or the parasitic branch 251 is not set, or multiple parasitic branches are set as will be described in subsequent embodiments
  • the devices set in the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different
  • the equivalent device values of the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different
  • the specific form of the first switch branch 231 can be selected according to the target directional diagram; similarly, one or more parasitic branches can be set, and the specific form of the second switch branch 232 can also be selected according to the target directional diagram.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, for example, the common port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the first connection port of the second switch 242, the third switch branch 233 is coupled to the second connection point 212, and the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern.
  • the antenna 200 generates the first directional pattern, which can be considered that the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200.
  • One or more electronic devices are used to connect the radiator/parasitic branch to the ground through the electronic device at the corresponding connection point;
  • the fourth switch branch 234 can be used to prevent the first parasitic stub 251 from affecting the second directivity pattern.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 may not include electronic components, and the fourth switch branch 234 may directly electrically connect the second connection point 212 to the floor 300.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 may include electronic components, which may make the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic branch 251 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).
  • the first parasitic branch 251 does not affect the second directional pattern in various ways (for example, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the floor 300 branch). It can also be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate the second directional pattern together with the radiator 210. This is because when the first parasitic branch 251 is switched to couple other switch branches, the second directional pattern will change accordingly.
  • the first parasitic branch 251 can be used to make the difference between the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern larger (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions increases, for example, the angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 15°), which can further widen the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics in a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).
  • the difference between the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern mentioned in the present application is larger, which can be understood as the complementarity between the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern is stronger.
  • the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description.
  • the same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the first frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the first frequency band when the first switch 241 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232, and the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 or the fourth switch branch 234.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and the first parasitic branch 251 is located on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • first parasitic branch 251 can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the first parasitic branch 251), and the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.
  • the first connection point 211 is located on the first side of the virtual axis, and the feed point 221 is located on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and one of the following conditions must be met:
  • the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be capacitive.
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 may both be less than or equal to 2 pF.
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232.
  • the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be inductive.
  • the equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232 may both be greater than or equal to 5 nH and less than or equal to 100 nH.
  • the equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232.
  • the first switch branch 231 may be capacitive, and the second switch branch 232 may be inductive.
  • the first connection point 211 is located on the first side of the virtual axis and the feeding point 221 is located on the second side of the virtual axis for illustration.
  • the positions of the first connection point 211 and the feeding point 221 can be adjusted.
  • the first connection point 211 is located on the second side of the virtual axis
  • the feeding point 221 is located on the first side of the virtual axis. It is only necessary to adjust the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 according to the above rules.
  • the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis can also be greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the first parasitic branch 251 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).
  • the first parasitic branch 251 can be of any structure, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the frame 11 can have an insulating gap at the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and the first parasitic branch 251 can be a dipole-like antenna structure.
  • the frame 11 can have an insulating gap between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and the first parasitic branch 251 can be an antenna structure composed of multiple branches. For the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the embodiments of the present application, only one end of the first parasitic branch 251 is explained as an open end and the other end is a grounded end.
  • the frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the third position 203 and a third insulating gap is opened at the fourth position 204, as shown in Figure 17.
  • the third position 203 is located between the fourth position 204 and the second position 202.
  • the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203 and the fourth position 204 are arranged on the frame 11 in sequence.
  • the fourth position 204 may also be located between the third position 203 and the second position 202.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit this and will not be described one by one.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, the feeding circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first main resonance, the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate a first parasitic resonance, and the first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned first resonance (because the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first main resonance is small, in the S parameter diagram, the first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance are merged into one resonance).
  • the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the first main resonance.
  • the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the first main resonance is less than or equal to 100 MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the first main resonance is less than or equal to 50 MHz. In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the first parasitic resonance can be less than the resonance point frequency of the first main resonance.
  • the coupling between the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251 is weak, and the first parasitic resonance cannot be well excited. Therefore, the pit corresponding to the first parasitic resonance does not appear clearly in the S parameter diagram.
  • the efficiency curve for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency.
  • the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1.5dB. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1dB.
  • one end of the first parasitic branch 251 is an open end and the other end is a ground end, and the first parasitic branch 251 can work in a quarter wavelength mode.
  • the electrical length of the first parasitic branch 251 is one quarter of the third wavelength, and the third wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic branch 251. In one embodiment, the third wavelength is greater than the first wavelength.
  • the distance between the first parasitic stub 251 and the radiator 210 in the third direction is less than half the length of the second side 132.
  • the third direction is the extension direction of the second side 132, for example, the top direction (z direction).
  • first parasitic branch 251 may be located at a side of the midpoint of the second side 132 close to the first side 131 , so that the first parasitic branch 251 may be better excited and the antenna 200 may have better radiation characteristics.
  • the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 may also serve as a parasitic stub, as shown in FIG. 18 .
  • the parasitic branch (the parasitic branch formed by the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202) is used to improve the radiation characteristics (for example, improve efficiency) of the antenna 200.
  • the parasitic branch can also be used to increase the coupling amount between the first parasitic branch 251 and the radiator 210 to better excite the first parasitic branch 251.
  • the parasitic branch can also be used to reduce the voltage of the second switch 242 so that the second switch 242 will not be broken down due to excessive voltage.
  • the parts of the antenna 200 shown in Figures 17 and 18 that are similar to the antenna 200 shown in Figure 7 are not repeated one by one.
  • the similar parts include: the position of the radiator 210, the frequency band of satellite communication; the resonance generated by the coupling of the radiator 210 with the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 at the first connection point 211; the current distribution of the floor 300 coupled with the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232 at the first connection point 211; the value range of the equivalent device of the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232; the position of the feeding point 221; the position of the grounding point 222; the position of the first connection point 211; and the like.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the frame 11 further includes a third side 133 intersecting the first side 131 at an angle.
  • the first side 131 or the third side 133 further includes a fifth position 205, and the third side 133 further includes a sixth position 206.
  • the antenna 200 may further include a second parasitic stub 252 , a fifth switch branch 235 , a sixth switch branch 236 , and a third switch 243 .
  • the second parasitic branch 252 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206. At least a portion of the second parasitic branch 252 is spaced apart from the floor 300.
  • the second parasitic branch 252 includes a third connection point 213.
  • the fifth switch branch 235, the sixth switch branch 236 and the third switch 243 are coupled and connected between the third connection point 213 and the floor 300.
  • the first connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235.
  • the second connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236.
  • the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel.
  • the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG19 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG16 is only the second parasitic branch 252.
  • the second parasitic branch 252 is not provided, and only the first parasitic branch 251 is included.
  • both the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 are included.
  • the components provided in the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different, the equivalent component values of the first switch branch 231 can be the same or different, and the specific form of the first switch branch 231 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern; similarly, whether the second parasitic branch 252 is provided or not, the specific form of the second switch branch 232, the third switch branch 233, or the fourth switch branch 234 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, for example, the common port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the second connection port of the third switch 243.
  • the first switch branch 231 is coupled to the first connection point 211
  • the third switch branch 233 is coupled to the second connection point 212
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236, and the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern.
  • the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern, which can be considered that the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 251, the first switch branch 231, the third switch branch 233 and the sixth switch branch 236 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, for example, the common port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the first connection port of the third switch 243.
  • the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern.
  • the second directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 can be considered as the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the second switch branch 232, the fourth switch branch 234 and the fifth switch branch 235 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200.
  • each of the fifth switch branch 235 and the sixth switch branch 236 may also include one of the following three situations:
  • One or more electronic devices are used to connect the radiator/parasitic branch to the ground through the electronic device at the corresponding connection point;
  • the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 251, the first switch branch 231, the third switch branch 233 and the sixth switch branch 236 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200”; and “the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the second switch branch 232, the fourth switch branch 234 and the fifth switch branch 235 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200”.
  • corresponding understanding can also be made.
  • the sixth switch branch 236 can be used to prevent the second parasitic stub 252 from affecting the first directional pattern.
  • the sixth switch branch 236 may not include electronic components, and the sixth switch branch 236 can directly electrically connect the third connection point 213 to the floor 300.
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the floor 300, which is equivalent to not setting the second parasitic stub 252.
  • the sixth switch branch 236 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the second parasitic stub 252 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).
  • the second parasitic branch 252 does not affect the first directional pattern in various ways (for example, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the floor 300 branch). It can also be understood that the second parasitic branch 252 is used to generate the second directional pattern together with the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251. This is because when the second parasitic branch 252 is switched to couple other switch branches, the second directional pattern will change accordingly.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 can be used to prevent the first parasitic stub 251 from affecting the second directional pattern.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 may not include electronic components, and the fourth switch branch 234 can directly electrically connect the second connection point 212 to the floor 300.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic stub 251 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).
  • the first parasitic branch 251 does not affect the second directivity pattern in various ways (for example, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the branch of the floor 300 ). It can also be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate the second directivity pattern together with the radiator 210 and the second parasitic branch 252 .
  • first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be used to make the difference between the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern larger (for example, the angle between the maximum radiation directions is increased, for example, the angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 20°), which can further widen the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angles with the top direction).
  • the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description.
  • the same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the first frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the first frequency band when the first switch 241 is coupled to the first switch branch 231 or the second switch branch 232, the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 or the fourth switch branch 234, and the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 or the sixth switch branch 236.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 via the third switch 243
  • the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band
  • the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the first parasitic branch 251 can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the first parasitic branch 251).
  • the second parasitic branch 252 can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the second pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the second parasitic branch 252).
  • the bandwidth of the radiation beam can be widened, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.
  • the first connection point 211 is located on a first side of the virtual axis, and the feeding point 221 is located on a second side of the virtual axis.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231, and the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, or the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, and the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis is less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis, and one of the following conditions must be met:
  • the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be capacitive.
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232 may both be less than or equal to 2 pF.
  • the equivalent capacitance value of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent capacitance value of the second switch branch 232.
  • the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may both be inductive.
  • the equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 and the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232 may both be greater than or equal to 5 nH and less than or equal to 100 nH.
  • the equivalent inductance of the first switch branch 231 is less than the equivalent inductance of the second switch branch 232.
  • the first switch branch 231 may be capacitive, and the second switch branch 232 may be inductive.
  • first connection point 211 is located on the first side of the virtual axis and the feeding point 221 is located on the second side of the virtual axis for illustration.
  • the positions of the first connection point 211 and the feeding point 221 can be adjusted.
  • the first connection point 211 is located on the second side of the virtual axis
  • the feeding point 221 is located on the first side of the virtual axis. It is only necessary to adjust the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 according to the above rules.
  • the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis can be greater than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the current on the floor 300 on the first side of the virtual axis can be less than the current on the floor 300 on the second side of the virtual axis.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the first switch branch 231
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243
  • the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band
  • the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the first parasitic branch 251 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 23
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 via the third switch 243, and when the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the second parasitic branch 252 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).
  • the bandwidth of the radiation beam can be better broadened, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.
  • the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be of any structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the frame 11 can have an insulating gap at the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap at the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be a dipole-like antenna structure.
  • the frame 11 can have an insulating gap between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be an antenna structure composed of multiple branches.
  • Figures 22 to 24 are simulation results of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 20.
  • Figure 22 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233).
  • Figure 23 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235).
  • Figure 24 is the simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupled with different switch branches).
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled to the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235, so that the antenna can resonate near 2.2 GHz and near 1.8 GHz.
  • the resonance near 2.2 GHz may correspond to the second resonance in the above embodiment, and the resonance near 1.8 GHz may correspond to the fourth resonance in the above embodiment.
  • antennas whose connection points are connected to different switch branches all have good radiation efficiency.
  • the antenna compared with the case where the first parasitic branch or the second parasitic branch is not provided, the antenna generates a pit near 2.19 GHz, which may correspond to the first parasitic resonance or the second parasitic resonance in the above embodiment, and the radiation efficiency decreases by about 0.4 dB.
  • Figures 25 to 29 are directional diagrams of the antenna 200 at 2.2 GHz in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 20.
  • Figure 25 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233).
  • Figure 26 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233).
  • Figure 27 is a two-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235).
  • Figure 28 is a three-dimensional directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235).
  • Figure 29 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram.
  • first connection point 211 is coupled with the first switch branch 231, and the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the antenna 200 can generate the first directional pattern in the above embodiment.
  • the first connection point 211 is coupled with the second switch branch 232, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235, and the antenna 200 can generate the second directional pattern in the above embodiment.
  • the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern generated by the antenna have a gain greater than or equal to 0 dBi within the range of Theta ( ⁇ ) less than 25°, and the antenna has good radiation characteristics.
  • the first connection point is coupled to the first switch branch, and the second connection point is coupled to the third switch branch.
  • Theta ( ⁇ ) greater than 25° and less than 70°
  • the first directional pattern is only in Phi
  • the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in Figure 25.
  • the first connection point is coupled to the first switch branch
  • the second connection point is coupled to the third switch branch
  • the radiator, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are used to generate a first radiation pattern of the antenna.
  • the first parasitic branch can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the first parasitic branch), as shown in FIG26.
  • the first connection point is coupled to the second switch branch
  • the third connection point is coupled to the fifth switch branch, and within the range of Theta ( ⁇ ) greater than 25° and less than 70°, the second directional pattern is only at Phi In the range of greater than 0° and less than 120° and greater than 240° and less than 360°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in FIG27 .
  • the first connection point is coupled with the second switch branch
  • the third connection point is coupled with the fifth switch branch
  • the radiator, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are used to generate the second radiation pattern of the antenna.
  • the second parasitic branch can be used to adjust the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern and the top direction to make the angle larger (the maximum radiation direction is deflected toward the second parasitic branch), as shown in FIG28.
  • the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are superimposed (synthesized), and the antenna has good radiation characteristics within the range of Theta ( ⁇ ) less than 70°, as shown in Figure 29.
  • the communication satellite moves within this angle range (within 70° of the top direction), it is still located in the area where the antenna in the electronic device 10 has good radiation characteristics, and the electronic device 10 and the communication satellite can still have good communication characteristics.
  • FIG30 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .
  • the frame 11 includes a first side 131, and a second side 132 and a third side 133 that intersect the first side 131 at an angle.
  • the length of the first side 131 is less than the length of the second side 132, and less than the length of the third side 133.
  • the first side 131 includes a first position 201 and a second position 202.
  • the first side 131 or the second side 132 also includes a third position 203.
  • the second side 132 includes a fourth position 204.
  • the first side 131 or the third side 133 also includes a fifth position 205.
  • the third side 133 includes a sixth position 206.
  • the frame 11 has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap in the first position 201 and the second position 202.
  • the antenna 200 includes a radiator 210 , a feeding circuit 220 , a first parasitic stub 251 , a second parasitic stub 252 , a third switch branch 233 , a fourth switch branch 234 , a fifth switch branch 235 , a sixth switch branch 236 , a second switch 242 , and a third switch 243 .
  • the radiator 210 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202. At least a portion of the radiator 210 is spaced apart from the floor 300.
  • the first parasitic branch 251 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204.
  • the second parasitic branch 252 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206. At least a portion of the first parasitic branch 251 is spaced apart from the floor 300. At least a portion of the second parasitic branch 252 is spaced apart from the floor 300.
  • the radiator 210 includes a feeding point 221 , and the feeding circuit 220 is coupled to the feeding point 221 to feed an electrical signal into the antenna 200 .
  • the first parasitic branch 251 includes a second connection point 212.
  • the third switch branch 233, the fourth switch branch 234, and the second switch 242 are coupled and connected between the second connection point 212 and the floor 300.
  • the first connection port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233.
  • the second connection port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234.
  • the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel.
  • the second parasitic branch 252 includes a third connection point 213.
  • the fifth switch branch 235, the sixth switch branch 236 and the third switch 243 are coupled and connected between the third connection point 213 and the floor 300.
  • the first connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235.
  • the second connection port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236.
  • the third switch branch 233 and the fourth switch branch 234 can be regarded as being arranged in parallel.
  • the radiator 210 is used to generate a first resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the first resonance includes a first frequency band, which is at least a part of the satellite communication frequency band.
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern.
  • the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern, which can be considered that the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, and the second parasitic branch 252 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200.
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243.
  • the common port of the second switch 242 is coupled to the second connection port of the second switch 242
  • the common port of the third switch 243 is coupled to the first connection port of the third switch 243.
  • the radiator 210 is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance includes the first frequency band.
  • the operating frequency band of the antenna 200 may include a transmitting frequency band and a receiving frequency band in the satellite communication frequency band.
  • the feed circuit 220 is used to transmit a radio frequency signal of a first frequency band and a radio frequency signal of a second frequency band.
  • the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance in the above embodiment include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.
  • the resonant frequency band of the first resonance and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance in the above embodiment include a second frequency band, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band in a satellite communication frequency band.
  • the first frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1980 MHz-2010 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1610 MHz-1626.5 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 operates in a low-orbit satellite system (e.g., StarNet), and the first frequency band may be a transmission frequency band (1668 MHz-1675 MHz) therein.
  • a low-orbit satellite system e.g., StarNet
  • the second frequency band may be at least a portion of a frequency band within a range of 1.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Tiantong satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2170 MHz-2200 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 operates in the Beidou satellite system, and the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (2483.5 MHz-2500 MHz) therein.
  • the second frequency band may be a receiving frequency band (1518 MHz-1525 MHz) therein.
  • the antenna 200 may further include a tuning circuit.
  • the tuning circuit is coupled to the radiator 210 and is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band, and the antenna 200 can operate in the first frequency band and the second frequency band in different time slots.
  • the tuning circuit may include other switch branches coupled to the first connection point through the first switch 241. The switch branch is used to adjust the resonance point frequency of the resonance generated by the radiator 210, so that the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance include the first frequency band or the second frequency band.
  • the tuning circuit may include a first switch branch 231 and a second switch branch 232, and the first switch branch 231 and the second switch branch 232 may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the first frequency band.
  • Other switch branches may be used to make the resonance frequency band of the first resonance and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance generated by the radiator 210 include the second frequency band.
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, and the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern.
  • the second directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 can be considered as the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, and the second parasitic branch 252 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200.
  • At least one of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 enables the antenna 200 to generate a first directional pattern through corresponding devices in the switch branch disposed thereon; at least another of the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 enables the antenna 200 to generate a second directional pattern through corresponding devices in the switch branch disposed thereon.
  • the antenna 200 generates a first directional pattern can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the third switch branch 233 and the sixth switch branch 236 are used to generate the first directional pattern of the antenna 200”; and “the antenna 200 generates a second directional pattern” can be considered as “the radiator 210, the first parasitic branch 251, the second parasitic branch 252, the fourth switch branch 234 and the fifth switch branch 235 are used to generate the second directional pattern of the antenna 200”.
  • corresponding understanding can also be made.
  • the sixth switch branch 236 can be used to prevent the second parasitic stub 252 from affecting the first directional pattern.
  • the sixth switch branch 236 may not include electronic components, and the sixth switch branch 236 can directly electrically connect the third connection point 213 to the floor 300.
  • the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the floor 300, which is equivalent to not setting the second parasitic stub 252.
  • the sixth switch branch 236 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the second parasitic stub 252 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).
  • the second parasitic branch 252 does not affect the first directivity pattern in various ways (for example, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the branch of the floor 300). It can also be understood that the second parasitic branch 252 is used to generate the second directivity pattern together with the radiator 210 and the first parasitic branch 251.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 can be used to prevent the first parasitic stub 251 from affecting the second directional pattern.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 may not include electronic components, and the fourth switch branch 234 can directly electrically connect the second connection point 212 to the floor 300.
  • the fourth switch branch 234 may include electronic components, which can make the parasitic resonance generated by the first parasitic stub 251 away from the resonance generated by the radiator 210 (for example, the frequency difference is greater than or equal to 300MHz).
  • the first parasitic branch 251 does not affect the second directivity pattern in various ways (for example, the second connection point 212 is coupled with the branch of the floor 300 ). It can also be understood that the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate the second directivity pattern together with the radiator 210 and the second parasitic branch 252 .
  • the maximum radiator direction of the first directional pattern is a first direction
  • the maximum radiator direction of the second directional pattern is a second direction
  • the first direction and the second direction are different.
  • the first direction is deflected toward the side where the first parasitic branch 251 is located.
  • the second open state compared with setting the second parasitic branch 252 (for example, the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fourth switch branch), the second direction is deflected toward the side where the second parasitic branch 252 is located.
  • the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 in the first switch state and the second switch state can be deflected to the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction) on both sides (the side where the first parasitic branch 251 is located and the side where the second parasitic branch 252 is located), and the antenna 200 can switch the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 according to the communication status (for example, including the relative position) between the communication satellite and the electronic device 10, so as to switch the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200, and ensure the communication quality with the communication satellite.
  • the communication status for example, including the relative position
  • the electronic device 10 has good communication characteristics within a range of a large angle (e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°) with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction).
  • a large angle e.g., 50°, 60°, or 70°
  • the antenna 200 has a wide beam characteristic, and the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 has good characteristics within a large angle, which effectively improves the user experience.
  • the antenna 200 is in the same working state as an example for description.
  • the same working state can be understood as the working frequency band of the antenna 200 can include the first frequency band, and the antenna 200 can communicate in the first frequency band when the second switch 242 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 or the fourth switch branch 234, and the third switch 243 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 or the sixth switch branch 236.
  • the antenna 200 shown in Fig. 30 differs from the antenna 200 shown in Fig. 19 only in the first switch branch 231, the second switch branch 232 and the first switch 241. In the antenna 200 shown in Fig. 16, the first switch branch 231, the second switch branch 232 and the first switch 241 are not provided.
  • switches and switch branches are set on the radiator 210, or whether switches and switch branches are not set on the radiator 210, the devices set in the third switch branch 233 set on the first parasitic branch 251 can be the same or different, the equivalent device values of the third switch branch 233 can be the same or different, and the specific form of the third switch branch 233 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern; similarly, whether switches and switch branches are set on the radiator 210, the specific form of the fourth switch branch 234 set on the first parasitic branch 251, the fifth switch branch 235 set on the second parasitic branch 252, or the sixth switch branch 236 set on the second parasitic branch 252 can be selected according to the target radiation pattern.
  • the first switch 241 is used to switch the switch branch coupled to the first connection point 211 in different switching states, adjust the current distribution on the floor 300 on both sides of the virtual axis, and deflect the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 in different switching states.
  • the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 and the top direction can be further adjusted by the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252, so that the angle is further increased.
  • the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a range of a larger angle with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction).
  • the first switch branch 231, the second switch branch 232 and the first switch 241 are not provided, and only the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 are used to adjust the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200 in different switching states, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a range of a larger angle with the top direction (the direction from the bottom of the electronic device to the top, for example, the z direction).
  • the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be of any structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the frame 11 can have an insulating gap at the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap at the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be a dipole-like antenna structure.
  • the frame 11 can have an insulating gap between the third position 203 and the fourth position 204, and/or an insulating gap between the fifth position 205 and the sixth position 206, and the first parasitic branch 251 and/or the second parasitic branch 252 can be an antenna structure composed of multiple branches.
  • the frame 11 is coupled with the floor 300 at the third position 203 and has a third insulating gap at the fourth position 204.
  • the frame 11 is coupled with the floor 300 at the third position 203.
  • the frame 11 has a fourth insulating gap at the sixth position 206, as shown in FIG. 31 .
  • an angle between the first direction and the second direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.
  • the width of the radiation beam of the antenna 200 can be further widened, so that the antenna 200 has good communication characteristics within a wider angle range (angle with the top direction).
  • the radiator 210 may not include a ground point.
  • the first resonance/second resonance is generated by the line DM mode described in the above embodiment. Since the current generated by the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator 210, the current is mainly concentrated on the radiator 210, and multiple current modes are not generated on the floor 300, it is easy to determine the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna 200. At the same time, for the line DM mode, the radiation of the antenna in the line DM mode is mainly generated by the radiator, and the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the line DM mode are better than those of the line CM mode.
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, and when the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the first parasitic branch 251 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, and the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, and when the antenna 200 operates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band, the current on the radiator 210 and the current on the second parasitic branch 252 are in the same direction (the current path is clockwise or counterclockwise).
  • the bandwidth of the radiation beam can be better broadened, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics within a wider angle range.
  • the third position 203 is located between the fourth position 204 and the second position 202.
  • the fifth position 205 is located between the sixth position 206 and the first position 201.
  • the fourth position 204 may also be located between the third position 203 and the second position 202, and the sixth position 206 may be located between the fifth position 205 and the first position 201.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit this and will not be described one by one.
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the third switch branch 233 through the second switch 242, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the sixth switch branch 236 through the third switch 243, the feed circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first main resonance, and the first parasitic branch 251 is used to generate a first parasitic resonance.
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled to the fourth switch branch 234 through the second switch 242, the third connection point 213 is coupled to the fifth switch branch 235 through the third switch 243, the feed circuit 220 feeds an electrical signal, the radiator 210 is used to generate a second main resonance, and the second parasitic branch 252 is used to generate a second parasitic resonance.
  • the first main resonance and the first parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned first resonance
  • the second main resonance and the second parasitic resonance together form the above-mentioned second resonance (due to the small frequency difference between the resonance point of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the main resonance, in the S parameter diagram, the main resonance and the parasitic resonance are merged into one resonance).
  • the resonance point of the parasitic resonance is located within the resonance frequency band of the main resonance.
  • the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the main resonance is less than or equal to 100 MHz.
  • the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance and the resonance point frequency of the main resonance is less than or equal to 50 MHz.
  • the resonance point frequency of the parasitic resonance may be less than the resonance point frequency of the main resonance.
  • the coupling between the radiator 210 and the parasitic branch (the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252) is weak, and the parasitic resonance cannot be well excited. Therefore, the pit corresponding to the parasitic resonance does not appear clearly in the S parameter diagram.
  • the efficiency curve for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency.
  • the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1.5dB. In one embodiment, the efficiency (for example, radiation efficiency or system efficiency) caused by the pit does not exceed 1dB.
  • the resonance point frequency of the first resonance (first main resonance) and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (second main resonance) are substantially the same. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency (first main resonance) and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (second main resonance) is less than or equal to 50 MHz.
  • the distance between the first parasitic branch 251 or the second parasitic branch 252 and the radiator 210 in the third direction is less than half of the length of the second side 132 (or the third side 133).
  • the third direction is the extension direction of the second side 132 (or the third side 133), for example, the top direction (z direction).
  • first parasitic branch 251 can be located at the midpoint of the second side 132 on the side close to the first side 131
  • the second parasitic branch 252 can be located at the midpoint of the third side 133 on the side close to the first side 131, so that the first parasitic branch 251 and the second parasitic branch 252 can be better excited, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.
  • the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 and/or the conductor portion between the first position 201 and the fifth position 205 may also serve as parasitic stubs, as shown in FIG. 32 .
  • the parasitic branch (the parasitic branch formed by the conductor portion between the third position 203 and the second position 202 and/or the conductor portion between the first position 201 and the fifth position 205) is used to improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 (for example, to improve efficiency).
  • the parasitic branch can also be used to increase the coupling amount between the first parasitic branch 251 (and/or the second parasitic branch 252) and the radiator 210 to better excite the first parasitic branch 251 (and/or the second parasitic branch 252).
  • the parasitic branch can also be used to reduce the voltage of the second switch 242 (and/or the third switch 243) so that the second switch 242 (and/or the third switch 243) will not be broken down due to excessive voltage.
  • Figures 33 to 35 are simulation results of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 31.
  • Figure 33 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the sixth switch branch 236).
  • Figure 34 is the S parameter of the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the fourth switch branch 234, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235).
  • Figure 35 is the simulation result of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 (connection points coupled with different switch branches).
  • the second connection point is coupled to the third switch branch through the second switch, and the third connection point is coupled to the sixth switch branch through the third switch, and the antenna can resonate near 2.2 GHz.
  • the resonance generated near 2.2 GHz may correspond to the first resonance in the above embodiment.
  • the second connection point is coupled to the fourth switch branch through the second switch
  • the third connection point is coupled to the fifth switch branch through the third switch
  • the antenna can resonate near 2.2 GHz.
  • the resonance generated near 2.2 GHz may correspond to the second resonance in the above embodiment.
  • the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance are substantially the same.
  • antennas whose connection points are connected to different switch branches all have good radiation efficiency.
  • the antenna in the first switching state and the second switching state, the antenna generates a pit near 2.1 GHz, which may correspond to the first parasitic resonance or the second parasitic resonance in the above embodiment, and the radiation efficiency decreases by about 0.5 dB.
  • Figures 36 to 38 are directional diagrams of the antenna 200 at 2.2 GHz in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 31.
  • Figure 36 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the sixth switch branch 236).
  • Figure 37 is a directional diagram generated by the antenna 200 (the second connection point 212 is coupled with the fourth switch branch 234, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235).
  • Figure 38 is a directional diagram formed by superimposing the first directional diagram and the second directional diagram.
  • connection point 212 is coupled with the third switch branch 233, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the sixth switch branch 236, and the antenna 200 can generate the first directional pattern in the above embodiment.
  • the second connection point 212 is coupled with the fourth switch branch 234, and the third connection point 213 is coupled with the fifth switch branch 235, and the antenna 200 can generate the second directional pattern in the above embodiment.
  • the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern generated by the antenna have a gain greater than or equal to 0 dBi within the range of Theta ( ⁇ ) less than 40°, and the antenna has good radiation characteristics.
  • the first directional pattern is only In the range greater than 90° and less than 270°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in Figure 36.
  • the second directional pattern is only In the range of greater than 0° and less than 90° and greater than 270° and less than 360°, the gain is greater than or equal to 0dBi, as shown in Figure 37.
  • the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern are superimposed (synthesized), and the antenna has good radiation characteristics within the range of Theta ( ⁇ ) less than 70°, as shown in FIG38.
  • the communication satellite moves within this angle range (within 70° of the top direction), it is still located in the area where the antenna in the electronic device 10 has good radiation characteristics, and the electronic device 10 and the communication satellite can still have good communication characteristics.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif électronique. Le dispositif électronique comprend une antenne, une bande de fréquences de fonctionnement de l'antenne comprenant une bande de fréquences de communication par satellite ; l'antenne utilise une partie conductrice d'un cadre en tant que radiateur ; et l'antenne peut générer différentes directions de rayonnement maximales, de façon à améliorer l'expérience d'un utilisateur pendant une communication par satellite.
PCT/CN2024/137160 2023-12-27 2024-12-05 Dispositif électronique Pending WO2025139682A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2023135528 2023-12-27
RU2023135528 2023-12-27
RU2024102459 2024-01-31
RU2024102459 2024-01-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025139682A1 true WO2025139682A1 (fr) 2025-07-03

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PCT/CN2024/137160 Pending WO2025139682A1 (fr) 2023-12-27 2024-12-05 Dispositif électronique

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WO (1) WO2025139682A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106450662A (zh) * 2015-08-13 2017-02-22 三星电子株式会社 电子装置
CN108713277A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2018-10-26 华为技术有限公司 一种移动终端的天线及移动终端
US20200028241A1 (en) * 2016-09-19 2020-01-23 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electronic device comprising antenna
CN111403894A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-10 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 金属边框天线装置和移动终端
CN114628884A (zh) * 2020-12-09 2022-06-14 北京小米移动软件有限公司 天线模组和电子设备
CN117810677A (zh) * 2023-04-28 2024-04-02 华为技术有限公司 一种电子设备

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106450662A (zh) * 2015-08-13 2017-02-22 三星电子株式会社 电子装置
US20200028241A1 (en) * 2016-09-19 2020-01-23 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electronic device comprising antenna
CN108713277A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2018-10-26 华为技术有限公司 一种移动终端的天线及移动终端
CN111403894A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-10 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 金属边框天线装置和移动终端
CN114628884A (zh) * 2020-12-09 2022-06-14 北京小米移动软件有限公司 天线模组和电子设备
CN117810677A (zh) * 2023-04-28 2024-04-02 华为技术有限公司 一种电子设备

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