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WO2025136365A1 - Système et procédé ayant une récupération de chaleur perdue pour système de capture de gaz - Google Patents

Système et procédé ayant une récupération de chaleur perdue pour système de capture de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025136365A1
WO2025136365A1 PCT/US2023/084832 US2023084832W WO2025136365A1 WO 2025136365 A1 WO2025136365 A1 WO 2025136365A1 US 2023084832 W US2023084832 W US 2023084832W WO 2025136365 A1 WO2025136365 A1 WO 2025136365A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
steam
desorption
post
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/US2023/084832
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English (en)
Inventor
Dhinesh THANGANADAR
Szymon Pawel Modelski
Anindya Kanti De
Subrata Pal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
GE Vernova Infrastructure Technology LLC
Original Assignee
General Electric Technology GmbH
GE Infrastructure Technology LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Technology GmbH, GE Infrastructure Technology LLC filed Critical General Electric Technology GmbH
Priority to PCT/US2023/084832 priority Critical patent/WO2025136365A1/fr
Publication of WO2025136365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025136365A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/106—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with water evaporated or preheated at different pressures in exhaust boiler
    • F01K23/108—Regulating means specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/34—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/61—Removal of CO2

Definitions

  • the present application relates generally to a system and method for capturing undesirable gases associated with a combustion system, such as a combustion-driven power plant.
  • An industrial plant such as a combustion-driven power plant, may produce a variety of gases, such as an exhaust gas of a combustion system.
  • the combustion system may include a gas turbine engine, a reciprocating piston-cylinder engine, a furnace, a boiler, or other industrial equipment.
  • These exhaust gases may include one or more undesirable gases, such as acid gases and/or greenhouse gases.
  • the undesirable gases may include carbon oxides (COx) such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2). and/or sulfur oxides (SOx) such as sulfur dioxide (SO2).
  • CO2 is both an acid gas and a greenhouse gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of an embodiment of a gas capture system of the gas treatment system of FIG. 1, illustrating a sorbent-based gas capture system having an adsorption mode, a desorption mode, and a cooling mode, wherein the gas/steam separator and steam generator system supports the desorption mode.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic of an embodiment of the combined cycle system of FIG. 1, further illustrating an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system coupled to the gas capture system and the steam turbine system.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic of an embodiment of the combined cycle system of FIG. 1, further illustrating an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system coupled to the gas capture system and the steam turbine system.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic of an embodiment of the combined cycle system of FIG. 1, further illustrating an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system coupled to the gas capture system and the steam turbine system.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic of an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system of FIGS. 1-5, further illustrating an embodiment of a waste heat recovery (WHR) system.
  • WHR waste heat recovery
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic of an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system of FIGS. 1-5, further illustrating an embodiment of the WHR system and a heat pump system having one stage.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic of an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system of FIGS. 1-5, further illustrating an embodiment of the WHR system and a heat pump system having multiple stages.
  • the disclosed embodiments include systems and methods to reduce the carbon footprint of combustion systems, such as combustion-driven power plants and/or combined cycle power plants, using a gas treatment system having one or more gas capture systems.
  • the gas capture systems are configured to remove undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the intake air and/or the exhaust gas of the combustion systems.
  • the gas capture systems may include sorbent-based gas capture systems, solvent-based gas capture systems, cryogenic gas capture systems, or a combination thereof.
  • the gas capture systems may include one or more temperature swing adsorption (TSA) units or adsorbers, which rely on temperature swings to adsorb undesirable gases at a first temperature (e.g., low temperature) and desorb the undesirable gases at a second temperature (e.g., high temperature).
  • TSA temperature swing adsorption
  • a capacity' for the adsorption may generally increase with decreases in temperature and decrease with increases in temperature.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture systems are configured to adsorb the undesirable gases into a sorbent material, and then subsequently desorb the undesirable gases from the sorbent material using a heat source (e.g., steam from the HRSG, steam from the steam turbine system, or other steam source).
  • a heat source e.g., steam from the HRSG, steam from the steam turbine system, or other steam source.
  • the adsorption process is exothermic, while the desorption process is endothermic.
  • the steam causes the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) to desorb from the sorbent material, such that a gas/steam mixture is discharged from the sorbent-based gas capture systems.
  • the steam generated by the gas/steam separator and steam generator system helps to reduce the need for other steam sources (e.g., steam bled from the steam turbine system) to support the desorption process in the sorbent-based gas capture systems. Additionally, the steam generated by the gas/steam separator and steam generator system may be directed to the steam turbine system to help drive one or more steam turbines to increase power production.
  • other steam sources e.g., steam bled from the steam turbine system
  • the steam generated by the gas/steam separator and steam generator system may be directed to the steam turbine system to help drive one or more steam turbines to increase power production.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system may be used in a variety of configurations with the gas capture systems. Although specific examples are provide below, the gas/steam separator and steam generator system may be used in any suitable manner to support various gas capture systems, including but not limited to, sorbent-based gas capture systems, solvent-based gas capture systems, and cryogenic gas capture systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a combined cycle system 10 having a gas turbine system 12, a steam turbine system 14. a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 16, and a gas treatment system 18.
  • the gas treatment system 18 includes one or more gas capture systems 20 configured to capture an undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from a gas, such as exhaust gas and/or air.
  • the combined cycle system 10 also may include a gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 having a waste heat recovery (WHR) system 24 and a heat pump system 26 (e.g., an open-loop vapor compression heat pump system having one or more stages), wherein the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 is coupled to and/or integrated with the gas capture systems 20 and the steam turbine system 14.
  • WHR waste heat recovery
  • 26 e.g., an open-loop vapor compression heat pump system having one or more stages
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 is configured to separate the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from steam in a gas/steam mixture from the gas capture systems 20, recover waste heat from the gas/steam mixture, generate additional steam for use in the gas capture systems 20 and the steam turbine system 14, and generally improve the efficiency of the combined cycle system 10.
  • the gas capture systems 20 may include sorbentbased gas capture systems, solvent-based gas capture systems, cryogenic gas capture systems, or any combination thereof.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 may be particularly well suited to handle the gas/steam mixture from the sorbent-based gas capture systems, which use steam for desorption of the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from a sorbent material.
  • the undesirable gas e.g., CO2
  • the compressor section 42 may include a plurality of compressor stages 58, each having a plurality' of the compressor vanes 56 spaced circumferentially about the at least one shaft 50 at an axial position, and a plurality of the compressor blades 54 spaced circumferentially about the at least one shaft 50 at a different axial position (i.e., the compressor vanes 56 and the compressor blades 58 are axially spaced apart).
  • the compressor section 42 is configured to receive a flow of an intake gas 60 from the intake section 40 and to progressively compress the intake gas 60 through the plurality of compressor stages 58.
  • the intake gas 60 may include an intake air, an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow or recirculated exhaust gas, or a combination thereof.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • the gas capture system 190 is disposed at, in, or upstream of the intake section 40 for capturing undesirable gases from the intake air.
  • the gas capture systems 192 and 194 are disposed downstream of the gas turbine system 12 and/or the HRSG 16 for capturing undesirable gases from the exhaust gas 152, 184.
  • the gas capture systems 20 (e.g., 190, 192, and 194) may include sorbent-based gas capture systems, solvent-based gas capture systems, cryogenic gas capture systems, or any combination thereof, configured to remove and capture undesirable gases.
  • the gas capture systems 20 may be configured to remove and capture undesirable gases, such as carbon oxides (COx) (e.g., carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO)), and thus the gas capture systems 20 may be described as carbon capture systems.
  • COx carbon oxides
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • the gas capture systems 20 e.g., 190, 192, and 194 may be configured to remove and capture undesirable gases, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) (e.g., nitrogen dioxide (NO2)), and thus the gas capture systems 20 may be described as NOx capture systems.
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • NO2 nitrogen dioxide
  • the gas capture systems 20 e.g., 190, 192.
  • gas capture systems 20 may be configured to remove and capture undesirable gases, such as sulfur oxides (SOx) (e.g., sulfur dioxide (SO2)), and thus the gas capture systems 20 may be described as SOx capture systems.
  • SOx sulfur oxides
  • the gas capture systems 20 e.g., 190, 192, and 194 may be described as sorbent-based carbon capture systems using sorbent materials as an example and/or solvent based carbon capture systems using liquid absorbents (e.g., solvents) as an example.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein may use any type or configuration of gas capture systems 20 (e.g., 190. 192, and 194) as noted above.
  • Each of the gas capture systems 20 may include components 196, 198, 200, and 202. Additionally, one or more components 210, 212, and 214 may be disposed upstream from the gas capture systems 192 and 194.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include sorbent materials disposed on or in ducts (e.g., adsorption duct, desorption duct, and cooling duct), contactors, cartridges, moving beds, rotating wheels, cartridges, or any combination thereof, along a flow path of the intake gas 60 and/or the exhaust gas 152, 184.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture systems 20 are configured to adsorb the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) into the sorbent materials in an adsorption mode and desorb the undesirable gases from the sorbent materials in a desorption mode.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include a cooling system, such as heat exchangers (e.g., fin and tube heat exchangers), heat pipes, and other thermal control systems, coupled to the sorbent materials to help control the temperature of the sorbent materials.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 also may include heating systems, such as heated fluid systems (e.g., steam systems, electrical heaters, waste heat systems, etc ), configured to apply heat to the sorbent materials to desorb the undesirable gases from the sorbent materials during the desorption mode.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 also may include cooling systems, such as cooling fluid systems (e.g., gas cooling systems, liquid cooling systems, etc.), configured to apply a cooling fluid to the sorbent materials during a cooling mode.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture systems 20 also may include other suitable components 196, 198, 200, and 202 in support of the sorbent materials.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include one or more absorbers, one or more strippers, and a solvent circuit through the absorbers and strippers.
  • the absorber is configured to absorb the undesirable gases (e.g., CO ) into a solvent in an absorption mode, thereby outputting a treated gas (e.g., treated air or treated exhaust gas) and a gas-rich solvent (e.g., CO2 rich solvent).
  • the stripper is configured to strip the undesirable gases from the gas-rich solvent in a desorption mode, thereby outputting a gas-lean solvent (e.g...
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include one or more cooling systems, such as heat exchangers (e.g., fin and tube heat exchangers), heat pipes, and other thermal control systems, coupled to the absorber to help control the temperature of the solvent.
  • the cooling systems may be arranged with a plurality of cooling circuits, each having heat exchangers, heat pipes, or other coolers, wherein the gas capture systems 20 may selectively use each of the cooling circuits in different modes.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 also may include heating systems, such as heated fluid systems (e.g., steam systems, electrical heaters, waste heat systems, etc.), coupled to the strippers, wherein the heating systems are configured to apply heat to the gas-rich solvent to desorb the undesirable gases from the gas-rich solvent during the desorption mode.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 also may include a reboiler coupled to the stripper, pumps and valves to control a flow of the solvent through the solvent circuit between the absorber and the stripper, and heat exchangers to cool the gas-lean solvent supplied to the absorber and to heat the gas-rich solvent supplied to the stripper.
  • the solventbased gas capture systems 20 also may include other suitable components 196, 198, 200, and 202 in support of the absorbers and strippers.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 of the gas capture system 20 and/or the components 210, 212, and 214 upstream from the gas capture systems 192 and 194 may include one or more of a dryer or water removal system (e.g.. water gas separator), a particulate removal system (e.g.. filter and/or solid gas separator), one or more booster fans configured to boost a flow of the gas being treated, one or more coolers, one or more valves to control a flow of gas to the gas capture system 20.
  • a bypass system configured to bypass the gas capture system 20, or any combination thereof.
  • the cooler may include a heat exchanger, a direct contact cooler (DCC), or a combination thereof.
  • the combined cycle system 10 also includes a controller 220 coupled to the gas turbine system 12, the steam turbine system 14, the HRSG 16, the gas treatment system 18, the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 (including the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26), the fuel system 88, the EGR system 150, the compression system 106, and various sensors 222 distributed throughout the combined cycle system 10.
  • the controller 220 includes one or more processors 224, memory 226. instructions 228 stored on the memory 226 and executable by the processor 224, and communication circuitry 230 configured to communicate with the sensors 222 and various equipment throughout the combined cycle system 10.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the fuel delivery and distribution from the fuel system 88 to the fuel nozzles 82 in the combustor section 44.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control operation of the gas capture systems 20 (e.g., 190, 192, and 194), such by controlling modes of operation (e.g., adsorption mode, desorption mode, cooling mode), controlling flows of various fluids through the gas capture systems 20, or any combination thereof.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control operation of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 (including the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26), such as controlling waste heat recovery, gas/steam separation, steam condensation, and steam generation as discussed in further detail below.
  • the desorption process may include flowing steam 234 through a sorbent material in the gas capture systems 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system) to desorb the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from the sorbent material, thereby causing the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) to mix with the steam 234 and discharge from the gas capture systems 20 as the gas/steam mixture 232.
  • the gas/steam mixture 232 still has a considerable amount of heat that can be recovered in the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 is configured to use the waste heat in the gas/steam mixture 232, while also separating the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from the steam in the gas steam mixture 232 to output the captured gas 204 and water 236.
  • the captured gas 204 is subsequently compressed by the compression system 206 and stored by the storage and/or pipeline 208 as discussed above, while the water 236 may be recycled or reused in steam turbine system 14, the HRSG 16, the gas capture systems 20, and/or elsewhere in the combined cycle system 10.
  • the water 236 may flow through one or more condensate conduits to the LP section 164 of the HRSG 16.
  • the water 236 and/or water received from the LP section 164 of the HRSG 16, the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14, or a combination thereof may be used as a water source for steam generation in the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 is configured to use the waste heat in the gas/steam mixture 232 to generate steam 238 from a water source, such as the water 236.
  • the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 may be configured to use the gas/steam mixture 232 for steam generation, power production, and/or other uses while separating the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from the steam in the gas steam mixture 232, as discussed in further detail below.
  • the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 may use the gas/steam mixture 232 to generate the steam 232 for use in the gas capture systems 20 as the steam 234, for use in the steam turbine system 14 for increased power production, or any combination thereof.
  • the steam 234 may flow through a steam circuit 240 to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14 to help drive the LP steam turbine 176.
  • the steam circuit 240 may be coupled to any section or steam injection location along the steam turbine system 14, thereby helping to increase power production by the steam turbine system 14.
  • the steam turbine system 14 also may provide steam 242 as at least part of the steam 234 to the gas capture systems 20 via one or more steam circuits 244.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 also may provide the steam 238 as at least part of the steam 234 to the gas capture systems 20 via one or more steam circuits 246.
  • the steam 234 supplied to and used by the gas capture systems 20 may be supplied as only the steam 238 from the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 via the steam circuit 246, only the steam 242 from the steam turbine system 14 via the steam circuit 244.
  • the steam 242 may be extracted from the steam turbine system 14 via one or more steam circuits 248 coupled to the IP steam turbine 174, the LP steam turbine 176, or an intermediate conduit between the IP steam turbine 174 and the LP steam turbine 176. Additional aspects of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 integrated with the gas capture systems 20 and the steam turbine system 14 are discussed in further detail below.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 includes a plurality of sorbent-based gas capture assemblies or units 252 (e.g., adsorbers or adsorption units) associated with a plurality of respective conduits 254, such as conduits 256, 258, and 260 (e.g., sorbent-containing conduits).
  • the sorbentbased gas capture units 252 may include temperature swing adsorption (TSA) units or adsorbers, wherein a temperature swing or change is used to alternatively operate in an adsorption mode at a first temperature and a desorption mode at a second temperature. The first temperature is lower than the second temperature.
  • TSA temperature swing adsorption
  • the sorbent-based gas capture units 252 include sorbent-based gas capture units 252A, 252B, and 252C associated with the conduits 256, 258, and 260.
  • the conduits 254 e.g., 256, 258, and 260
  • the conduits 254 may be sorbent-lined along interior surfaces, sorbent-packed within interior volumes, or generally filled with at least 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80. 90. or more percent by volume of sorbent material.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 may include any number of conduits 254, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more, which are configured in parallel and/or series.
  • Each of the conduits 254 e.g., 256.
  • each of the conduits 254 (e.g., 256, 258, and 260) may include a contactor assembly 278 having any number of the contactors 280, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more contactors 280.
  • the sorbent material 272 may include one or more sorbent layers 282 of the same or different sorbent materials.
  • the one or more sorbent layers 282 of the sorbent material 272 may be disposed along the interior surface 274 of the outer conduit wall 262 and/or the exterior surface 276 of the contactors 280.
  • Each of the contactors 280 has a body 284 with the exterior surface 276 disposed about an interior portion 286.
  • the body 284 has a porous structure (e.g., a honeycomb structure) with the sorbent material 272.
  • the body 284 may be a hollow body throughout the interior portion 286 (e.g., interior chamber or cavity), wherein the body 284 has an outer wall 288 (e.g., perforated outer wall or screen wall) disposed about the interior portion 286, and the interior portion 286 is at least partially or entirety filled with the sorbent material 272 (e.g., a plurality of pieces of the sorbent material 272).
  • an outer wall 288 e.g., perforated outer wall or screen wall
  • the interior portion 286 is at least partially or entirety filled with the sorbent material 272 (e.g., a plurality of pieces of the sorbent material 272).
  • the cooling fluid supply system 318 of the upstream flow distribution system 310 is configured to supply a cooling fluid to enable the cooling mode when selectively operating each of the sorbent-based gas capture units 252 (e g., 252A, 252B, and 252C) in the cooling mode via the controller 220.
  • the cooling fluid supply system 318 includes one or more cooling fluid supplies 372, such as one or more water supplies, cooled air supplies, cooled inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) supplies, cooled CO2 supplies, or any combination thereof.
  • the cooling fluid supplies 372 may be configured to supply a coolant or cooling fluid 374 (e.g., liquid or gas coolant) to a cooling fluid control 376 of the cooling fluid supply system 318.
  • the heat exchanger may exchange heat with water, lubricant, coolant, refrigerant, or some other thermal fluid.
  • the cooling fluid control component 380 may include a pressure control component, such as a pressure regulator, an expander or expansion chamber, a constrictor or constriction chamber, a fan or pump to add energy, a turbine to extract energy, or another suitable pressure controller.
  • the cooling fluid control component 382 may include a pre-treatment component, such as a particulate filter and/or other pretreatment components, configured to alter characteristics of the cooling fluid 374 or remove contaminants.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the upstream flow distribution system 310 to altematingly distribute flows of the gas 340 during the adsorption mode, the heating fluid 352 and/or the heating gas 354 in the desorption mode, and the cooling fluid 374 in the cooling mode to the different sorbent-based gas capture units 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B, and 252C) having sorbent material 272.
  • the different sorbent-based gas capture units 252 e.g., 252A, 252B, and 252C having sorbent material 272.
  • the thermal control system 290 also may facilitate heat transfer to the coolant via a plurality of heat pipes 298 of the heat exchanger 296.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 then discharges a treated gas 400 (e.g., lean or substantially free of the undesirable gases) to the post-adsorption processing system 320.
  • the cooling fluid 374 flows through the conduit 254 of the selected sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B, or 252C) and contacts the sorbent material 272 disposed on the interior surface 274 of the outer conduit wall 262 and/or the exterior surface 276 of the contactors 280, thereby cooling the sorbent material 272 and the contactors 280.
  • the cooling mode may be configured to indirectly cool the sorbent material 272 and the contactors 280 via a cooling circuit (e.g., cooling conduit) extending through the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252.
  • the thermal control system 290 may circulate a cooling fluid through the heat exchanger 296 to provide cooling of the contactors 280 and the sorbent material 272.
  • the thermal control system 290 also may facilitate heat transfer away from the contactors 280 and the sorbent material 272 via the plurality of heat pipes 298 of the heat exchanger 296.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 then discharges a fluid flow 404 (e.g., cooling fluid 374) for handling by the post-cooling system 324.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 includes a movable sorbent system configured to continuously or periodically move the sorbent material 272 between the adsorption mode, the desorption mode, and the cooling mode.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 may include a rotating contactor assembly or wheel (e.g., rotating contactors with sorbent material 272) configured to rotate from adsorption, desorption and cooling, thereby providing a continuous stream of captured undesirable gases.
  • the wheel e.g., rotating contactors with sorbent material 272
  • the wheel may extend into each of the plurality of conduits 254, and continuously rotate through the conduits 254.
  • one or more of the conduits 254 flow the gas 340 being treated to remove the undesirable gases, while one or more of the conduits 254 simultaneously flow the heating fluid 352 and/or heating gas 354 to remove and capture the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) to generate the captured gas 204. and while one or more of the conduits 254 simultaneously flow the cooling fluid 374 to cool the sorbent material 272.
  • the heating fluid 352 and/or heating gas 354 may be routed or generally configured to provide direct heat transfer and/or indirect heat transfer to the sorbent material 272. thereby helping to separate and capture the undesirable gas.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the downstream flow distribution system 312 to altematingly distribute flows from each sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B. and 252C) to route the treated gas 400 to the post-adsorption processing system 320 during the adsorption mode, the fluid flow' 402 (e.g., the undesirable gas, the heating fluid 352, and/or the heating gas 354) to the post-desorption processing system 322 in the desorption mode, and the fluid flow 404 (e.g., cooling fluid 374) to the post-cooling system 324 in the cooling mode.
  • each sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 e.g., 252A, 252B. and 252C
  • the fluid flow' 402 e.g., the undesirable gas, the heating fluid 352, and/or the heating gas 354
  • the fluid flow 404 e.g., cooling fluid 374
  • the downstream flow distribution system 312 includes one or more valves 410 fluidly coupled with the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252A, one or more valves 412 fluidly coupled with the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252B, and one or more valves 414 fluidly coupled with the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252C.
  • the valves 410 may include one or more multi-way valves and/or distribution manifolds coupled to distribution conduits 416, 418, and 420, which are coupled to the post-adsorption processing system 320, the post-desorption processing system 322, and the post-cooling system 324, respectively.
  • the valves 412 may include one or more multi-way valves and/or distribution manifolds coupled to distribution conduits 422.
  • valves 414 may include one or more multiway valves and/or distribution manifolds coupled to distribution conduits 428. 430, and 432, which are coupled to the post-adsorption processing system 320, the postdesorption processing system 322. and the post-cooling system 324, respectively.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the valves 410, 412.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture units 252 e.g., 252A, 252B, and 252C
  • the post-adsorption processing system 320 in the adsorption mode
  • the post-desorption processing system 322 in the desorption mode
  • the post-cooling system 324 in the cooling mode.
  • the post-adsorption processing system 320 includes a treated gas processing system 440, which may include an exhaust stack, an additional gas treatment system, or any other suitable post processing equipment.
  • the post-adsorption processing system 320 may recirculate all or part of the treated gas 400 to the EGR system 150 as discussed above with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the post-desorption processing system 322 may include a post-desorption processor (or post-desorb processor) 442 having one or more post-desorption processing components 444, 446, and 448 and/or the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22.
  • the fluid flow 402 directed to the postdesorption processor 442 is a result of the desorption mode, wherein the heating fluid 352 (e.g., steam and/or heated water) and/or heating gas 354 is directed through the conduit 254 of the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B, or 252C) to desorb the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the sorbent material 272.
  • the heating fluid 352 e.g., steam and/or heated water
  • heating gas 354 is directed through the conduit 254 of the sorbent-based gas capture unit 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B, or 252C) to desorb the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from
  • the one or more post-desorption processing components 444, 446, and 448 may be configured to process, adjust, and/or control characteristics of the fluid flow 402 (e.g., gas, steam, and/or heated water flow) from the conduits 254 (e.g., 256, 258, and 260) of the sorbentbased gas capture units 252 (e.g.. 252A, 252B, and 252C).
  • the fluid flow 402 e.g., gas, steam, and/or heated water flow
  • the conduits 254 e.g., 256, 258, and 260
  • the sorbentbased gas capture units 252 e.g.. 252A, 252B, and 252C
  • the postdesorption processing component 444 may include a captured gas/heated fluid separator configured to separate the heating fluid 352 (e.g., steam and/or heated water) and/or the heating gas 354 from the captured gas, thereby outputting a water 450 (e.g., condensate) and the captured gas 204.
  • the captured gas/heated fluid separator include thermal control components, pressure control components, chemical separation components, or a combination thereof.
  • the captured gas/heated fluid separator may be configured to condense or cool the heating fluid 352 (e.g.. steam) using a condenser.
  • the post-desorption processing component 446 may include one or more removal units configured to remove contaminants from the water 450 and/or the captured gas 204.
  • the removal units may include particulate filters and/or water treatment units.
  • the removal units may include particulate filters, water removal units or dryers, or further gas treatment units.
  • the post-desorption processing component 448 may include one or more pressure control components and/or flow control components, such as one or more pumps for the water 450 and one or more compressors for the captured gas 204.
  • the post-desorption processing components 448 also may include a vacuum system having one or more vacuum pumps configured to suction the captured gas/heated fluid flow from the sorbentbased gas capture units 252. In other words, the vacuum pumps are configured to create a low-pressure environment to help draw the captured gas/heated fluid flow from the sorbent-based gas capture units 252.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 may include the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 configured to recover waste heat from the fluid flow 402 (e.g., gas/steam mixture 232) for additional steam generation, power production, or any combination thereof, while also separating the undesirable gas from the steam in the fluid flow 402. Additional details of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 are discussed below.
  • the post-desorption processor 442 may include only the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 without the post-desorption processing components 444. 446, and 448, or the post-desorption processor 442 may include any combination of some or all of the post-desorption processor 442 with the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22.
  • the post-cooling system 324 may include a cooling fluid recirculation system 452, which is configured to recirculate the fluid flow 404 back to the cooling fluid supply system 318 as the cooling fluid 374.
  • the cooling fluid recirculation system 452 may include components 454, 456, and 458, such as a recirculation pump, compressor, or booster fan, a cooling system, and flow control valves.
  • the cooling system may include a heat exchanger configured to transfer heat away from the fluid flow 404. thereby cooling the fluid flow for additional use as the cooling fluid 374.
  • the heat available from the fluid flow 404 may be recovered in one or more heat exchangers to heat the heating fluid 352 and/or heating gas 354 of the heating fluid supply system 316, thereby reducing the total heating energy demand. The remaining low grade heat from the fluid flow 404 may then be rejected to ambient.
  • the controller 220 is configured to receive feedback from the sensors 222 to facilitate adjustments of various operating parameters and change operating modes (e.g., adsorption mode, desorption mode, and cooling mode) of the sorbent-based gas capture units 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B, and 252C).
  • the controller 220 may be configured to alternate flows (e.g., gas 340, heating fluid 352 and/or heating gas 354, and cooling fluid 374) through the plurality of conduits 254 (e.g., 256, 258, and 260), such that the sorbent-based gas capture units 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B.
  • the conduit 254 receives a flow of the gas 340, adsorbs the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the gas 340 into the sorbent material 272, and outputs a treated gas 400 with a reduced content or concentration level of the undesirable gases.
  • the adsorption of undesirable gases into the sorbent material 272 is an exothermic process, which generates heat.
  • the thermal control system 290 including the heat exchangers 296 and the heat pipes 298, help to regulate the temperature of the sorbent material 272 during the adsorption mode, thereby maintaining or increasing the adsorption efficiency of the sorbent material 272.
  • the conduit 254 receives a flow of the heating fluid 352 (e.g., steam and/or heated water) and/or heating gas 352, desorbs the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the sorbent material 272 into the heating fluid 352 and/or heating gas 352, and outputs the fluid flow 402 with the desorbed undesirable gases (e.g., heating fluid 352 and/or heating gas 354 rich in the undesirable gases such as CO2).
  • the desorption of undesirable gases from the sorbent material 272 is an endothermic process, and the heating fluid 352 and/or heating gas 352 provides sufficient heat (e.g., directly or indirectly) to drive the desorption of the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the sorbent material 272.
  • the conduit 254 receives a flow of the cooling fluid 374 (e.g., gas or liquid coolant), thereby cooling the sorbent material 272 and the contactors 280.
  • the cooling fluid 374 e.g., gas or liquid coolant
  • the controller 220 is configured to monitor the sensors 222, such as sensors 222 at or upstream from the inlets 266 and sensors 222 at or downstream from the outlets 268, to evaluate rates of adsorption, desorption, and cooling, concentration levels of the undesirable gases, and other characteristics impacting the operating modes of the sorbent-based gas capture units 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B, and 252C).
  • the sensors 222 such as sensors 222 at or upstream from the inlets 266 and sensors 222 at or downstream from the outlets 268, to evaluate rates of adsorption, desorption, and cooling, concentration levels of the undesirable gases, and other characteristics impacting the operating modes of the sorbent-based gas capture units 252 (e.g., 252A, 252B, and 252C).
  • the controller 220 may be coupled to one or more valves in the fluid circuit 500, such as valves in the steam circuits 240 and 246, to control the flow of steam 238 to the LP steam turbine 176 and the sorbent-based gas capture system 250.
  • the water 236 output by the WHR system 24 (e.g.. water separated from the gas/steam mixture 232 and not used for steam generation) may further pass through a return circuit 506 having a deaerator 508.
  • the deaerator 508 is configured to remove any dissolved gases (e.g., oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.) from the water 236, and output a deaerated water 236, 510 to the fluid circuit 482.
  • the deaerated water 236, 510 produced by the deaerator 508 helps to protect downstream equipment from corrosion, such as due to carbonic acid.
  • the deaerated w aler 236, 510 may then flow through the fluid circuit 482 to the HRSG 16 for additional steam generation as discussed above.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic of an embodiment of the combined cycle system 10 of FIG. 1, further illustrating an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 coupled to the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250) and the steam turbine system 14.
  • the combined cycle system 10 is substantially the same as described in detail above.
  • the combined cycle system 10 includes the gas turbine system 12, the steam turbine system 14, the HRSG 16, the gas treatment system 18 having the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250), and the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 as described in detail above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 4 is described in context of the foregoing description of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 of FIG. 4 is substantially the same as discussed above with reference to FIG. 3, except the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 of FIG. 4 includes only the WHR system 24 without the heat pump system 26.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 includes a fluid circuit 530 having the WHR system 24.
  • the fluid circuit 530 may include one or more parallel fluid circuits, series fluid circuits, or a combination thereof, with one or more stages (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more) of the WHR system 24.
  • the WHR system 24 may include one or more heat exchangers, flash tanks, compressors, pumps, or any combination thereof, configured recover waste heat from the gas/steam mixture 232 while separating the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from the gas/steam mixture 232 to output the captured gas 204 and water 236 (e.g., condensate).
  • undesirable gas e.g., CO2
  • the WHR system 24 may use the water 236 (e.g., condensate) and/or a water 502 (e.g., water 480 extracted from the fluid circuit 482) to generate the steam 238.
  • the fluid circuit 530 may then provide the steam 238 to the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14 via the steam circuit 240.
  • the controller 220 may be coupled to one or more valves in the fluid circuit 530, such as valves in the steam circuits 240 and 246, to control the flow of steam 238 to the LP steam turbine 176 and the sorbent-based gas capture system 250.
  • the water 236 output by the WHR system 24 may further pass through the return circuit 506 having the deaerator 508.
  • the deaerator 508 is configured to remove any dissolved gases from the water 236, and output the deaerated water 236, 510 to the fluid circuit 482.
  • the deaerated water 236, 510 may then flow through the fluid circuit 482 to the HRSG 16 for additional steam generation as discussed above.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic of an embodiment of the combined cycle system 10 of FIG. 1, further illustrating an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 coupled to the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250) and the steam turbine system 14.
  • the combined cycle system 10 is substantially the same as described in detail above.
  • the combined cycle system 10 includes the gas turbine system 12, the steam turbine system 14, the HRSG 16, the gas treatment system 18 having the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250), and the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 as described in detail above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 includes both the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26. Accordingly, the embodiment of FIG. 5 is described in context of the foregoing description of FIGS. 1 and 2. Additionally, the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 of FIG. 5 is substantially the same as discussed above with reference to FIG. 3, except the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 of FIG. 5 includes additional components to support the gas capture system 20 and generate additional steam.
  • the gas turbine system 12 provides the exhaust gas 152 to the HRSG 16 for steam generation for the steam turbine system 14, and then directs the exhaust gas 152, 184 further downstream along a fluid circuit 540 to the gas treatment system 18 having the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250).
  • the fluid circuit 540 includes a heat exchanger 542 (e g., cooler) and a blower 544.
  • the heat exchanger 542 is fluidly coupled to a heat exchanger 546 (e.g., reheater) disposed along an exhaust gas flow path 548 discharging the remaining exhaust gas 490 from the gas treatment system 18.
  • a fluid circuit 549 fluidly couples the heat exchangers 542 and 546 and circulates a thermal fluid (e.g., water) between the heat exchangers 542 and 546.
  • the heat exchanger 542 transfers heat away from the exhaust gas 152, 184 to the thermal fluid in the fluid circuit 549, thereby cooling the exhaust gas 152, 184 upstream of the gas treatment system 18.
  • the heat exchanger 546 transfers heat from the thermal fluid in the fluid circuit 549 to the exhaust gas 490 being discharged along the exhaust flow path 548, thereby reheating the exhaust gas 490.
  • the blower 544 is configured to boost the pressure and flowrate of the exhaust gas 152, 184 being directed through the gas treatment system 18.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 includes a fluid circuit 550 having the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 as described above with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the illustrated fluid circuit 550 has the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 in series with one another, wherein the WHR system 24 is upstream from the heat pump system 26.
  • the WHR system 24 may be configured to generate steam for the heat pump system 26.
  • the fluid circuit 550 may include one or more parallel fluid circuits, series fluid circuits, or a combination thereof, with one or more stages (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more) of the WHR system 24 and/or one or more stages (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more) of the heat pump system 26.
  • the WHR system 24 may use the water 236 (e.g., condensate) and/or the water 502 (e.g., water 480 extracted from the fluid circuit 482) to generate a steam 504.
  • the water 502 may be supplied from a variety of water supplies, including but not limited to water 480 from the fluid circuit 482.
  • the WHR system 24 may operate only with the water 236 separated from the gas/steam mixture 232 without any requirement for the additional water 236.
  • the steam 504 may then be used in one or more stages of the heat pump system 26 (e.g., open-loop heat pump system), thereby outputting the steam 238.
  • the fluid circuit 550 may then provide the steam 238, downstream from the heat pump system 26, to the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14 via the steam circuit 240.
  • the water 236 output by the WHR system 24 may further pass through a fluid circuit 552 having the deaerator 508, a cooler or cooling heat exchanger 554, a flash tank (e.g., vapor-liquid separator) 556, and a heat pump system 558 (e.g., open-loop heat pump system).
  • the deaerator 508 is configured to remove any dissolved gases (e.g.. oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.) from the water 236, and output a deaerated water 236, 510.
  • the deaerated water 236, 510 produced by the deaerator 508 helps to protect downstream equipment from corrosion, such as due to carbonic acid.
  • the deaerated water 236, 510 may then flow through the fluid circuit 482 to the cooling heat exchanger 554, which is configured to cool the deaerated water 236, 510 by transferring heat from the deaerated water 236, 510 to another cooling medium (e.g., air, cooling water, etc.).
  • the deaerated water 236, 510 may then flow through the fluid circuit 482 to the flash tank 556. which is configured separate the deaerated water 236, 510 into a steam flow and a water flow prior to the heat pump system 558.
  • the heat pump system 558 may use the steam flow and the water flow to generate additional steam 560, which may be supplied through a steam circuit 562 of the fluid circuit 552.
  • the steam circuit 562 may then couple with the steam circuits 240 and 246.
  • the steam 560 may be supplied to the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14 via the steam circuit 240.
  • the controller 220 may be coupled to one or more valves in the fluid circuits 550 and 552, such as valves in the steam circuits 240, 246, and 562, to control the flow of steam 238, 560 to the LP steam turbine 176 and the sorbent-based gas capture system 250.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 includes multiple heat pump stages, including the heat pump systems 26 and 558.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 may exclude heat pump systems (e.g., 26, 558) or include additional heat pump systems.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic of an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 of FIGS. 1-5, further illustrating an embodiment of the WHR system 24 for use with the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250) and the steam turbine system 14. Accordingly, the embodiment of FIG. 6 is described in context of the foregoing description of FIGS. 1-5.
  • the WHR system 24 includes a fluid circuit 580 that receives the gas/steam mixture 232 from the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250), wherein the WHR system 24 is configured to recover heat from the gas/steam mixture 232, separate the captured gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and the water 236 from the gas/steam mixture 232, and generate the steam 238 for use in the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14.
  • the gas/steam mixture 232 from the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250)
  • the WHR system 24 is configured to recover heat from the gas/steam mixture 232, separate the captured gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and the water 236 from the gas/steam mixture 232, and generate the steam 238 for use in the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam
  • the fluid circuit 580 may include a component 582 configured to receive the gas/steam mixture 232 from the sorbent- based gas capture system 250, wherein the component 582 separates water 584 from the gas/steam mixture 232.
  • the component 582 may include a separator, such as a gravity separator, a centrifugal separator, or a combination thereof.
  • the component 582 outputs the water 584 through a fluid circuit 586 to a cooler or cooling heat exchanger 588, which cools the water 584 for further use in the HRSG 16, the steam turbine system 14, the gas treatment system 18. and/or the WHR system 24.
  • the component 582 also outputs the gas/steam mixture 232 through a fluid circuit 590 to a flash tank 592.
  • the flash tank 592 is configured to separate the gas/steam mixture 232 into a gas/steam mixture 594 along a fluid circuit 596 and water 598 along a fluid circuit 600.
  • the flash tank 592, and all other flash tanks described herein, may include a tank or drum, which causes a pressure drop in the incoming flow, thereby causing flash evaporation into a vapor stream while also discharging a liquid stream.
  • the flash tank 592 causes a pressure drop in the incoming gas/steam mixture 232, thereby causing a flash evaporation of the gas/steam mixture 232 to generate outputs of the gas/steam mixture 594 and the water 598.
  • the fluid circuit 596 Downstream from the flash tank 592, the fluid circuit 596 includes a compressor (e.g.. vapor compressor) 602, a heat exchanger 604, a cooler or cooling heat exchanger 606, and a flash tank 608, which separates phases into the gas 204 (e.g., CO2) along a fluid circuit 610 and the water 236 along a fluid circuit 612.
  • the fluid circuit 600 includes a pump 614, the heat exchanger 604, and a flash tank 616, which separates phases into the steam 238 along a fluid circuit 618 and the water 236 along a fluid circuit 620.
  • a pump 614 downstream from the flash tank 592, the fluid circuit 600 includes a pump 614, the heat exchanger 604, and a flash tank 616, which separates phases into the steam 238 along a fluid circuit 618 and the water 236 along a fluid circuit 620.
  • the compressor 602 is configured to compress the gas/steam mixture 594 in one or more compressor stages, thereby increasing the pressure and temperature of the gas/steam mixture 594.
  • the heat exchanger 604 is configured to cool and at least partially condense the gas/steam mixture 594 by transferring heat from the gas/steam mixture 594 in the fluid circuit 596 to the water 598 in the fluid circuit 600.
  • the heat exchange in the heat exchanger 604 also heats the water 598 in the fluid circuit 600.
  • the cooling heat exchanger 606 is configured to further cool and condense the gas/steam mixture 594 via heat transfer with another cooling medium, such as air, water, or another coolant.
  • the compression by the compressor 602 and the cooling by the heat exchanger 604 and the cooling heat exchanger 606 may help to at least partially condense the gas/steam mixture 594 into a fluid 622 (e.g., partially condensed fluid) upstream from the flash tank 608.
  • the flash tank 608 causes a pressure drop in the incoming fluid 622, thereby causing a flash evaporation of the fluid 622 to generate outputs of the gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and the water 236.
  • the gas 204 may then be compressed by the compression system 206 and stored by the storage and/or pipeline 208 as discussed above.
  • the pump 614 is configured to pump the water 598 to increase the pressure and flow of the water 598 through the heat exchanger 604, which transfers heat between the fluid circuits 596 and 600 as discussed above, resulting in heated water 598 output from the heat exchanger 604.
  • the flash tank 616 causes a pressure drop in the incoming heated water 598, thereby causing a flash evaporation of the heated water 598 to generate outputs of the steam 238 and the water 236.
  • the steam 238 may be directed back to the sorbentbased gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14. while the water 236 may be recycled to the HRSG 16, the steam turbine system 14, the gas treatment system 18. and/or the WHR system 24.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic of an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 of FIGS. 1-5, further illustrating an embodiment of the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 for use with the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250) and the steam turbine system 14. Accordingly, the embodiment of FIG. 7 is described in context of the foregoing description of FIGS. 1-5.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 includes a fluid circuit 640 that receives the gas/steam mixture 232 from the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250), wherein the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 is configured to recover heat from the gas/steam mixture 232, separate the captured gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and the water 236 from the gas/steam mixture 232. and generate the steam 238 for use in the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 is configured to recover heat from the gas/steam mixture 232, separate the captured gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and the water 236 from the gas/steam mixture 232. and generate the steam 238 for use in the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14.
  • the fluid circuit 640 may include a flash tank 642 configured to receive and separate the gas/steam mixture 232 into a gas/steam mixture 644 along a fluid circuit 646 and water 648 along a fluid circuit 650.
  • the flash tank 642. and all other flash tanks described herein, may include a tank or drum, which causes a pressure drop in the incoming flow, thereby causing flash evaporation into a vapor stream while also discharging a liquid stream.
  • the flash tank 642 causes a pressure drop in the incoming gas/steam mixture 232, thereby causing a flash evaporation of the gas/steam mixture 232 to generate outputs of the gas/steam mixture 644 and the water 648.
  • the fluid circuit 646 Downstream from the flash tank 642, the fluid circuit 646 includes a heat exchanger 652, a cooler or cooling heat exchanger 654, and a flash tank 656, which separates phases into the gas 204 (e.g., CO2) along a fluid circuit 658 and the water 236 along a fluid circuit 660.
  • the heat exchanger 652 is configured to cool and at least partially condense the gas/steam mixture 644 by transferring heat from the gas/steam mixture 644 in the fluid circuit 646 to the water 648 in the fluid circuit 650.
  • the heat exchange in the heat exchanger 652 also heats the water 648 in the fluid circuit 650.
  • the cooling heat exchanger 654 is configured to further cool and condense the gas/steam mixture 644 via heat transfer with another cooling medium, such as air, water, or another coolant.
  • another cooling medium such as air, water, or another coolant.
  • the cooling by the heat exchanger 652 and the cooling heat exchanger 654 may help to at least partially condense the gas/steam mixture 644 into a fluid (e.g., partially condensed fluid) upstream from the flash tank 656.
  • the flash tank 656 causes a pressure drop in the incoming fluid, thereby causing a flash evaporation of the fluid to generate outputs of the gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and the water 236.
  • the gas 204 may then be compressed by the compression system 206 and stored by the storage and/or pipeline 208 as discussed above.
  • the fluid circuit 650 includes a valve 662 and a flash tank 664. which separates phases into a steam 666 along a fluid circuit 668 and a water 670 along a fluid circuit 672.
  • the valve 662 may be an expansion valve configured to convert the water 648 into a water/vapor mixture prior to the flash tank 664.
  • the fluid circuit 668 directs the steam 666 to a mixer 674.
  • the fluid circuit 672 directs the water 670 to the heat exchanger 652 to convert the water 670 into steam 676, which then flows to the mixer 674.
  • the heat exchanger 652 is configured to transfer heat from the gas/steam mixture 644 in the fluid circuit 646 to the water 670 in the fluid circuit 672, thereby substantially heating and evaporating the water 670 into the steam 676.
  • the mixer 674 is configured to combine and mix the steam 666 from the fluid circuit 668 with the steam 676 from the fluid circuit 672, thereby outputting a steam mixture 678.
  • the fluid circuit 650 then continues from the mixer 674 to a heat exchanger (e.g., recuperator) 680 of a heat pump system 26, 682, which includes a fluid circuit 684 extending between the heat exchanger 680 and a heat exchanger 686.
  • the fluid circuit 684 may include one or more heat pipes.
  • the heat pump system 26, 682 is configured to transfer heat through the fluid circuit 684 from the heat exchanger 686 to the heat exchanger 680, thereby transferring heat to the steam mixture 678 to further heat the steam mixture 678 upstream from a flash tank 688 along the fluid circuit 650.
  • the flash tank 688 is configured to separate phases into a steam 690 along a fluid circuit 692 and the water 236 along a fluid circuit 694.
  • the steam 690 (e.g., as at least part of the steam 238) may be extracted and supplied to the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14 via the steam circuit 240. However, all or part of the steam 690 may continue to flow through the fluid circuit 692 to a compressor (e.g., vapor compressor) 696.
  • the compressor 696 is configured to compress the steam 690, thereby increasing a pressure and temperature of the steam 690.
  • the steam 690 may continue to flow through the fluid circuit 692 to the heat exchanger 686 of the heat pump system 26, 682.
  • the heat exchanger 686 is configured to transfer heat away from the steam 690 to a fluid 698 circulating in the fluid circuit 684, thereby heating the fluid 698 and cooling the steam 690 to generate a cooled fluid 700.
  • the heat pump system 26, 682 may be an open-loop vapor compression heat pump system including the heat exchangers 680 and 686, the flash tank 688, and the compressor 696.
  • the cooled fluid 700 may include the steam 238, which may be supplied to the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14 via the steam circuit 240.
  • the fluid 698 (e.g., heated fluid) in the fluid circuit 684 also transfers heat to the steam mixture 678 in the heat exchanger (e.g., recuperator) 680 as discussed above.
  • the heat pump system 26. 682 is configured to help transfer heat throughout the fluid circuit 640 (e.g.. fluid circuit 650) for enhanced waste heat recovery and steam generation suitable for use in the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 and the steam turbine system 14.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 may include one or more of the heat pump systems 26, such as 1, 2. 3, 4, 5, or more heat pump systems or stages throughout the fluid circuit 640.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic of an embodiment of the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 of FIGS. 1-5, further illustrating an embodiment of the WHR system 24 and the heat pump system 26 for use with the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250) and the steam turbine system 14. Accordingly, the embodiment of FIG. 8 is described in context of the foregoing description of FIGS. 1-5.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 includes a fluid circuit 720 that receives the gas/steam mixture 232 from the gas capture system 20 (e.g., sorbent-based gas capture system 250), wherein the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 is configured to recover heat from the gas/steam mixture 232, separate the captured gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and the water 236 from the gas/steam mixture 232. and generate the steam 238 for use in the sorbent-based gas capture system 250 via the steam circuit 246 and/or to the LP steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14.
  • the gas/steam separator and steam generator system 22 includes a plurality of open-loop vapor compression heat pump stages 722 (e.g., stages 724, 726, and 728).
  • the fluid circuit 720 may include a component 730 configured to receive the gas/steam mixture 232 from the sorbentbased gas capture system 250. wherein the component 730 separates water 732 from the gas/steam mixture 232.
  • the component 730 may include a separator, such as a gravity separator, a centrifugal separator, or a combination thereof.
  • the component 730 outputs the water 732 through a fluid circuit 734 to a cooler or cooling heat exchanger 736, which cools the water 732 for further use in the HRSG 16, the steam turbine system 14, the gas treatment system 18, and/or the WHR system 24.
  • the component 730 also outputs the gas/steam mixture 232 through a fluid circuit 738 to the plurality of open-loop vapor compression heat pump stages 722 (e.g., stages 724, 726, and 728).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système comprenant un système de capture de gaz ayant un premier adsorbeur avec un premier matériau sorbant, le premier matériau sorbant étant conçu pour adsorber un gaz indésirable d'un flux de gaz pendant un mode d'adsorption, et le premier matériau sorbant étant conçu pour désorber le gaz indésirable en un flux de vapeur pour générer un mélange gaz/vapeur pendant un mode de désorption. Le système comprend en outre un processeur de post-désorption configuré pour recevoir le mélange gaz/vapeur. Le processeur de post-désorption est configuré pour récupérer la chaleur perdue provenant du mélange gaz/vapeur, séparer le mélange gaz/vapeur en gaz indésirable et en eau, et générer de la vapeur. Le processeur de post-désorption est en outre configuré pour fournir la vapeur par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un circuit de vapeur au système de capture de gaz, à un système de turbine à vapeur ou à une combinaison de ceux-ci.
PCT/US2023/084832 2023-12-19 2023-12-19 Système et procédé ayant une récupération de chaleur perdue pour système de capture de gaz Pending WO2025136365A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PCT/US2023/084832 WO2025136365A1 (fr) 2023-12-19 2023-12-19 Système et procédé ayant une récupération de chaleur perdue pour système de capture de gaz

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130205796A1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-08-15 Tor Christensen Heat integration in co2 capture
US20130327025A1 (en) * 2011-06-20 2013-12-12 Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion exhaust gas treatment system and method of treating combustion exhaust gas
WO2015052727A2 (fr) * 2013-10-09 2015-04-16 Reliance Industries Limited Système multi-compression et procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone
WO2023092011A1 (fr) * 2021-11-17 2023-05-25 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Systèmes et procédés de production d'énergie de gaz naturel et capture de carbone s'y rapportant
WO2024039365A1 (fr) * 2022-08-16 2024-02-22 General Electric Technology Gmbh Système et procédé de capture de carbone en plusieurs étapes

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130205796A1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-08-15 Tor Christensen Heat integration in co2 capture
US20130327025A1 (en) * 2011-06-20 2013-12-12 Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion exhaust gas treatment system and method of treating combustion exhaust gas
WO2015052727A2 (fr) * 2013-10-09 2015-04-16 Reliance Industries Limited Système multi-compression et procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone
WO2023092011A1 (fr) * 2021-11-17 2023-05-25 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Systèmes et procédés de production d'énergie de gaz naturel et capture de carbone s'y rapportant
WO2024039365A1 (fr) * 2022-08-16 2024-02-22 General Electric Technology Gmbh Système et procédé de capture de carbone en plusieurs étapes

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