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WO2025134164A1 - Processus et système de chauffage d'un produit semi-fini - Google Patents

Processus et système de chauffage d'un produit semi-fini Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025134164A1
WO2025134164A1 PCT/IT2024/050254 IT2024050254W WO2025134164A1 WO 2025134164 A1 WO2025134164 A1 WO 2025134164A1 IT 2024050254 W IT2024050254 W IT 2024050254W WO 2025134164 A1 WO2025134164 A1 WO 2025134164A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
finished product
semi
applying
conductive element
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
PCT/IT2024/050254
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English (en)
Inventor
Andrea Fumagalli
Matteo RADI
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Persico SpA
Original Assignee
Persico SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Persico SpA filed Critical Persico SpA
Publication of WO2025134164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025134164A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/02—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
    • B29B13/023—Half-products, e.g. films, plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process, and a system, for heating a semi-finished product, for example a semi-finished product belonging to a process for producing composite products for the interior finishes of motor vehicles (e.g., trim panels for doors, dashboards, posts, instrument panels, top roofs, etc.), boats, aircraft, and/or furnishing components.
  • motor vehicles e.g., trim panels for doors, dashboards, posts, instrument panels, top roofs, etc.
  • a preformed substrate typically in rigid plastic material
  • a coating layer provides the desired tactile and/or aesthetic properties to the finished product.
  • activation temperature referred to an adhesive is understood to mean a temperature at which the adhesive assumes properties such as to wet the surfaces to be glued and determine the adhesion between the components (typically the adhesive maintains these properties even in a range of temperatures above the activation temperature).
  • “Semi-finished product”, in the present context, is understood to mean a product (as a single body or composed of several mutually coupled parts/layers) that has reached any time step of realization within a process for producing the respective finished product, including a final step, that is, it can be understood to mean any semi-finished product taken at any step of the realization process, up to the (substantially) finished product itself.
  • semi-finished can be understood to mean any of the following (non-exhaustive list): the preformed substrate only, the coating layer (preferably with three-dimensional shape) with or without an adhesive layer, the preformed substrate coupled to the coating layer with a non-active adhesive layer in the middle (therefore before the actual mutual gluing), the finished composite product (e.g. after compression).
  • the Applicant has realized that it is particularly advantageous to introduce, in the process for producing a composite product, one or more infrared heating steps for a semi-finished product, in order to obtain various results depending on which semi-finished product is heated.
  • the heating can act as a preheating of the substrate in order to avoid thermal changes during the gluing step.
  • the heating may serve to activate the adhesive layer suitably arranged to adhere the coating layer to the substrate.
  • the Applicant considers it equally advantageous that the infrared irradiation surface substantially reproduces the shape of the semi-finished product, so that the distance between the semi-finished product and the irradiation surface is maintained constant, along the entire surface extension of the semi-finished product.
  • the shape of the irradiation surface is adapted to the morphology of the semi-finished product, for example by presenting ridges and/or valleys suitably arranged to match the shape of the semi-finished product.
  • the Applicant has also realised that, in order to realize the aforesaid irradiation surface by means of electrically conductive elements that are spatially distributed on a suitably shaped support surface, it is necessary, for geometric and/or use purposes (for example to avoid hot spots), to provide electrically conductive elements of different lengths to be suitably arranged on the surface.
  • the Applicant notes that adapting the grid electrical voltage to desired values as a function of the specific length of each electrically conductive element, for example by using transformers, cannot be realized since such an adaptation would be too complicated to carry out, as well as expensive, as it would potentially be necessary to provide a dedicated transformer for each element.
  • the Applicant has therefore addressed the problem of heating a semi-finished product efficiently, for example in terms of effectiveness and/or homogeneity in heating, and at the same time simple and economical, for example in terms of equipment used and/or operations required.
  • the invention relates to a process for heating a semi-finished product.
  • the process comprises providing said semi-finished product.
  • the process comprises providing an infrared heating system comprising a support surface and one or more electrically conductive elements fixed in distributed way onto said support surface.
  • the process comprises arranging said semi-finished product facing said support surface of the infrared heating system.
  • the process comprises heating said semi-finished product by said infrared heating system.
  • heating said semi-finished product comprises:
  • the invention relates to an infrared heating system of a semi-finished product.
  • the system comprises a support surface and one or more electrically conductive elements fixed in a distributed way onto said support surface.
  • the system comprises a control unit.
  • control unit is programmed for:
  • infrared heating e.g., which exploits a radiation having a substantial part - e.g., at least 70% or 80% - of the emission power falling in the spectral band comprised between 0.7 pm - preferably 1 pm, and 8 pm - preferably 5 pm, more preferably 3 pm, extremes included
  • infrared heating is particularly advantageous for heating the semifinished product as it is able to provide heat while avoiding at the same time direct contact between the semi-finished product and the heat source, which could result in damage to the semi-finished product.
  • the semi-finished product comprises or consists of the coating layer aimed at conferring aesthetic qualities to the finished product
  • a direct contact could result in the occurrence of aesthetic defects such as for example opacity, shine, burns, loss of colour, etc., on the coating layer, especially if made of natural leather and/or fake leather (e.g., TPO, PVC, AlcantaraTM, etc.).
  • natural leather and/or fake leather e.g., TPO, PVC, AlcantaraTM, etc.
  • adjusting over time said applying the respective electrical voltage to the respective electrically conductive element that is, adjusting over time the time intervals of application of the alternating electrical voltage to the ends of the electric resistors for infrared heating (e.g. alternating switch-on periods, in which there is applied electrical voltage, to switch-off periods, in which the applied voltage is zero), as a function of the aforesaid comparison between the time-averaged value of the electrical current flowing in the element and the threshold value, allows, on the one hand, to limit the average electrical current flowing in each electrically conductive element (as if the element were crossed at the ends thereof by an average electrical voltage lower than the grid supply voltage actually applied), without necessarily having, on the other hand, to vary the intensity (e.g.
  • the present invention in one or more of the aforesaid aspects can have one or more of the following preferred characteristics.
  • said semi-finished product consists of a preformed substrate, for example of rigid plastic material.
  • the heating can act as a preheating to avoid thermal stress of the semi-finished product.
  • arranging said semi-finished product facing said support surface comprises arranging a first face of said substrate, intended to be in contact with an adhesive layer, directly facing said support surface. In this way, heating is directed only where it is useful, limiting time and/or costs.
  • said semi-finished product consists of a coating layer (for example in natural or artificial leather) and of an adhesive layer arranged at a face of said coating layer.
  • the heating activates the adhesive (i.e. brings the adhesive layer to a temperature greater than or equal to the activation temperature of the adhesive).
  • said coating layer comprises a plurality of pieces sewn together.
  • said coating layer is provided with a three-dimensional shape substantially reproducing a surface shape of at least one face of the preformed substrate.
  • Preferably arranging said semi-finished product facing said support surface comprises arranging said adhesive layer directly facing said support surface.
  • the activation of the adhesive is particularly quick and simple, as it is possible to directly expose the adhesive layer to the irradiating surface.
  • said semi-finished product comprises (more preferably consists of) a preformed substrate, a coating layer superimposed on said preformed substrate, and an adhesive layer interposed (in contact) between said preformed substrate and said coating layer.
  • the heating activates the adhesive keeping the process simple and with steps limited in their number, since the package comprising all the layers included in the final product is already heated.
  • arranging said semi-finished product facing said support surface comprises arranging said coating layer directly facing said support surface.
  • the heating of the adhesive is further facilitated since the part of the semi-finished product typically having less thermal resistance is exposed.
  • infrared heating is particularly suitable for penetrating the coating layer up to the adhesive in an effective way even if the adhesive layer is not directly exposed to the irradiating surface.
  • said semi-finished product consists of a finished composite product comprising a preformed substrate, a coating layer glued to said preformed substrate by means of a heat-activated adhesive layer.
  • a (further) finished product heating step may contribute to returning an improved aesthetic performance sometimes lost as a consequence of a step of compression exerted on the coating layer in order to carry out the gluing (better described below).
  • the process comprises, more preferably subsequently to said heating said semi-finished product, providing a further semi-finished product (distinct from said semi-finished product).
  • said further semi-finished product may consist of one or more of the following (compatibly with the embodiment of the semi-finished product): a preformed substrate; a coating layer and an adhesive layer arranged at one face of said coating layer; an assembly comprising a preformed substrate, a coating layer superimposed on said preformed substrate, and an adhesive layer interposed (in contact) between said preformed substrate and said coating layer; a finished composite product comprising a preformed substrate, a coating layer glued to said preformed substrate by means of a heat-activated adhesive layer.
  • said further semi-finished product comprises said semi-finished product.
  • the further semi-finished product may instead comprise the assembly comprising the preformed substrate, the coating layer superimposed on said preformed substrate, and the adhesive layer interposed (in contact) between said preformed substrate and said coating layer.
  • said process comprises heating said further semi-finished product.
  • several distinct heating steps can be provided, in order to pursue different results, as for example described above depending on which elements can be included in the further semi-finished product.
  • heating said further semi-finished product comprises one or more of, preferably all of, the characteristics of said heating said semi-finished product. In this way, the process is rational and simplified.
  • said heating of said further semi-finished product is performed by said infrared heating system. In this way the equipment remains limited and is exploited efficiently.
  • each electrically conductive element is connected to a power supply source in an electrically independent manner from remaining electrically conductive elements. In this way, the adjustment over time of the respective electrical voltage is facilitated.
  • each electrically conductive element is operated in a safe regime.
  • adjusting over time said applying said respective electrical voltage comprises applying to each electrically conductive element said electrical supply voltage intermittently over time (e.g. according to a respective time program).
  • the respective time program of each element may or may not differ from that of other electrically conductive elements of the heating system.
  • adjusting over time said applying said respective electrical voltage comprises modulating said electrical supply voltage by phase angle control (phase cutting or phase-fired control - PFC).
  • phase angle control phase cutting or phase-fired control - PFC
  • the phase angle control of a periodic signal only determined portions of the input periodic signal (in the specific case of the supply voltage) corresponding to predetermined intervals of phase angles of the input periodic signal (i.e. corresponding to limited portions of an entire signal waveform in a given period) are transmitted to the load (in this specific case the electrically conductive element). This is repeated for each period or even half-period of the input signal.
  • the phase angle control at least a portion of the input signal is transmitted to the load for each period, or even half-period, of the input signal.
  • the average electrical voltage perceived by the given electrically conductive element has a stable trend over time and is less prone to oscillation phenomena and/or peaks.
  • the Applicant considers that the modulation with phase angle control is particularly advantageous for the present invention in order to limit voltage peaks on the given electrically conductive element following the adjustment over time of the application of the electrical voltage applied to the ends of the element (and therefore to limit the flowing electrical current, to the advantage of the protection of the element).
  • adjusting over time said applying said respective electrical voltage comprises modulating said electrical supply voltage by “zero crossing” type control (described above).
  • adjusting over time said applying said respective electrical voltage is performed by means of a controller device.
  • said heating system comprises, for each electrically conductive element, a respective controller device electrically connected to the respective electrically conductive element, more preferably electrically interposed between said power supply source and the respective electrically conductive element.
  • control unit is operatively connected to each controller device to control each controller device independently.
  • each electrically conductive element is supplied independently of the remaining elements.
  • each controller device comprises (or consists of) a diode interrupting device, such as for example a thyristor, in particular a SCR (silicon controlled rectifier also known as semiconductor controlled rectifier).
  • a diode interrupting device such as for example a thyristor, in particular a SCR (silicon controlled rectifier also known as semiconductor controlled rectifier).
  • SCR silicon controlled rectifier also known as semiconductor controlled rectifier
  • Preferably adjusting over time said applying said respective electrical voltage is performed by said control unit by means of said respective controller device.
  • time-average value of said respective electrical current corresponds to a root mean square (RMS) of said respective electrical current.
  • RMS root mean square
  • the time- averaged value of the electrical current is advantageously correlated to the power delivered by the electrically conductive element (to which the threshold value is preferably also correlated, as described below).
  • said process comprises calculating said respective threshold value as a function of one or more of the following parameters: material of the respective electrically conductive element, cross-section of the respective electrically conductive element (e.g. rectangular cross-section), desired (electrical) power per unit length to be generated by means of the respective electrically conductive element.
  • material of the respective electrically conductive element e.g. rectangular cross-section
  • desired (electrical) power per unit length to be generated by means of the respective electrically conductive element e.g. rectangular cross-section
  • the respective threshold value is representative of the desired process conditions to be obtained with the given electrically conductive element.
  • each electrically conductive element can in fact correspond to a respective threshold value. With the same power to be generated, cross-section and material of all the electrically conductive elements, the respective threshold values are all equal.
  • said process comprises adjusting said respective threshold value as a function of a (electrical) power value per unit length to be generated by means of said respective electrically conductive element.
  • the adjustment of the respective threshold value can be performed as a function of the spatial position of the given electrically conductive element with respect to the geometry of the support surface, for example by making sure that the spatially innermost elements deliver less power than the outermost ones, so as to limit the occurrence of temperature peaks on the semi-finished product and ensure a uniform temperature of the semi-finished product.
  • said support surface is (substantially) counter-shaped to said semi-finished product.
  • said support surface is (substantially) countershaped to said preformed substrate (preferably to a first face of said preformed substrate intended to be coated by the coating layer).
  • each electrically conductive element is a metal strip (or thin strip).
  • the element is particularly suitable for use as an infrared heater and is at the same time economical.
  • said strip is deformable (e.g., plastically).
  • the strip can be adapted to the three-dimensional shape of the support surface.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a composite product comprising said heating process.
  • Preferably said production method comprises compressing said semi-finished product by pressing said preformed substrate and said coating layer against each other.
  • said compressing said semi-finished product is performed subsequently to said heating said semi-finished product.
  • said compressing said semi-finished product is performed prior to said heating said semi-finished product.
  • the production method may further comprise (in addition or alternative to the compression of the semi-finished product) a step of compression of the further semi-finished product (when compatible with reference to the composition of the further semi-finished product).
  • compressing said semi-finished product (and/or further semifinished product) comprises cooling at the same time (at least) said coating layer. In this way, the mutual substrate-coating layer adhesion is stably fixed.
  • Preferably said cooling is performed by keeping a temperature of a half-mould in contact with said coating layer lower than said activation temperature of said adhesive layer.
  • said compressing said semi-finished product (and/or further semi-finished product) is performed by pressing against each other a first and second half-moulds of a mould with said semi-finished product (and/or further semi-finished product) interposed between compression surfaces respectively of said first and second halfmoulds.
  • the present invention relates to a plant for producing a composite product, said plant comprising said heating system.
  • said plant comprises a mould structured to compress said semi-finished product (and/or further semi-finished product).
  • said mould comprises a first and second half-moulds each having a respective compression surface.
  • Figure 1 partially and schematically shows a production plant according to the present invention
  • figure 2 shows a detail of a heating system according to the present invention
  • figures 3-5 partially and schematically show some steps of a method for producing a composite product according to the present invention performed by means of the plant of figure 1
  • figure 6 schematically shows some types of modulation over time of a time-dependent signal
  • figure 7 schematically shows a supply circuit of an electrically conductive element of a heating system according to the present invention.
  • reference numeral 100 indicates a plant for producing a composite product according to the present invention.
  • the plant 100 exemplarily comprises a first heating station 101 and a second compression and cooling station 102.
  • the second station 102 is arranged immediately downstream of the first station 101 (fig. 1 ).
  • the first station 101 comprises an infrared heating system 3 for a semi-finished product 99.
  • the semi-finished product 99 consists of a preformed substrate 10, a coating layer 60 superimposed on the substrate 10, and an adhesive layer 70 interposed between the preformed substrate 10 and the coating layer 60.
  • the substrate 10 is as a single piece and of rigid polymeric material, for example polyurethane.
  • the preformed substrate 10 is in fact preformed, i.e. it has a three- dimensional shape conferred prior to the heating process, for example by means of a moulding process (not shown) for a raw material to form the substrate 10.
  • the aforesaid shape of the substrate 10 exemplarily comprises portions with complex geometry (in the illustrated and simplified example, it has a recess with two oblique side walls).
  • the coating layer 60 comprises at least one aesthetic sheet 61 which remains visible during use of the finished composite product and which, for example, can be made of: natural textile fabric, synthetic textile fabric, natural leather, fake leather (i.e. a material having mechanical and/or tactile and/or aesthetic characteristics that recall natural leather), etc.
  • the coating layer may further comprise a functional layer, e.g. a polymeric (e.g. polyurethane) foam layer, which, in the finished product, is interposed between the substrate and the aesthetic sheet to impart particular properties to the finished product (e.g. hard-touch/soft-touch tactile properties).
  • a functional layer e.g. a polymeric (e.g. polyurethane) foam layer, which, in the finished product, is interposed between the substrate and the aesthetic sheet to impart particular properties to the finished product (e.g. hard-touch/soft-touch tactile properties).
  • the coating layer 60 comprises an aesthetic sheet 61 made of AlcantaraTM, and a functional layer 80, e.g. of open-cell polyurethane foam, arranged between the substrate 10 and the aesthetic sheet 61 , preferably directly in contact with the aesthetic sheet 61 , to impart to the finished product a soft-touch property.
  • the adhesive layer 70 may comprise a polyurethane hot melt reactive adhesive.
  • the adhesive may be applied only at some portions respectively of the substrate and/or of the coating layer, and/or following a pattern, such as for example by lines or by dots.
  • the adhesive may be applied along an entire surface extension of respectively the substrate and/or the coating layer.
  • the adhesive can also be applied uniformly or by providing areas with a greater amount of adhesive (for example where stronger gluing is expected to be necessary).
  • the substrate may consist of only one or more of the aforesaid components.
  • the heating system 3 comprises a support surface 4 and a plurality of electrically conductive elements 5 fixed (e.g. by means of metal clips, wire, etc.) in a distributed way onto the support surface 4, for example as shown in figure 2.
  • each electrically conductive element 5 is made by means of a metal strip, exemplarily in a single piece.
  • the strips are exemplary deformable in such a way that they can adapt, during the fixing step, to the three-dimensional conformation of the support surface 4, and have a wavy pattern with ridges that develop away from the support surface 4 (e.g. in order to compensate for any thermal expansions), as for example shown in Figures 1 and 3 (not to scale).
  • the support surface 4 is made of electrically and thermally insulating material, for example ceramic arranged in contact with the strips.
  • each electrically conductive element 5 (when electrically supplied) has an infrared emission band, which may comprise one or more between near infrared (NIR), with wavelengths for example comprised between 0.75 pm and 1.4 pm, short wave infrared (SWIR), with wavelengths for example comprised between 1.4 pm and 3 pm, and medium wave infrared (MWIR), with wavelengths for example comprised between 3 pm and 8 pm.
  • NIR near infrared
  • SWIR short wave infrared
  • MWIR medium wave infrared
  • each electrically conductive element can be made of Kantal A1 TM , FeCrAI alloy, or NikrothalTM, NiCr alloy.
  • the support surface 4 is substantially counter-shaped to the semi-finished product 99, more precisely to an external shape of the preformed substrate 10, exemplarily to a first face 15 of the preformed substrate 10 intended to be coated by means of the coating layer 60 (as better described below).
  • the electrically conductive elements 5 (exemplarily shown in a number equal to four in figure 2) arranged on the support surface 4 have different lengths (along a respective direction of greater extension) from each other, precisely in order to faithfully follow the specific conformation of the support surface 4.
  • each heater has a rectangular cross-section with a width equal to about 3 mm and a thickness equal to about 0.5 mm.
  • the first station 101 further comprises a rest body 30 shaped to support the semi-finished product 99 in such a way that the preformed substrate 10 can be conveniently arranged in relation to the heating system 3.
  • the rest device can be heated, for example by means of a series of tubes for a heat transfer fluid (e.g., diathermic oil, air or water), or by means of electrical resistors, to contribute to the heating of the semi-finished product, as better described below.
  • a heat transfer fluid e.g., diathermic oil, air or water
  • electrical resistors to contribute to the heating of the semi-finished product, as better described below.
  • the heating system further comprises a power supply source 6 connected to the electrically heating elements 5 for supplying the elements.
  • the power supply source 6 is structured to provide an electrical supply voltage Va in alternating regime, for example the grid electrical voltage.
  • the electrical supply voltage is variable over time with sinusoidal trend.
  • each electrically conductive element 5 is connected to the power supply source 6 by means of a respective supply circuit 7 (figure 7).
  • the electrically conductive elements 5 are connected to the power supply source 6 independently of each other.
  • the heating system 3 further comprises a respective controller device 8 for each element 5.
  • Figures 1 and 3 show, in a purely schematic and symbolic way, a single controller device 8.
  • each controller device 8 is part of the respective supply circuit 7 of the respective electrically conductive element 5 and is electrically interposed between the power supply source 6 and the respective electrically conductive element 5.
  • the controller device comprises a diode interrupting device, such as for example a thyristor.
  • each controller device 8 is an SCR.
  • SCR SCR
  • Such devices will not be described further in detail as for example of known type. By way of example, it should only be reminded that an SCR can allow or prevent conduction towards the load downstream of the SCR (in this specific case the electrically conductive element 5) as a function of a given command.
  • the heating system 3 further comprises a control unit 9 operatively connected to each controller device 8.
  • the second station 102 comprises a mould 50 comprising a first 11 and a second half-mould 12 each having a respective compression surface 13 and 14.
  • each compression surface 13 and 14 is substantially counter-shaped to the semi-finished product 99 (in particular to the preformed substrate 10), preferably each compression surface is counter-shaped to a respective one between the first 15 and the second face 16 of the preformed substrate 10.
  • the second half-mould 12 can coincide with the rest body 30, or be distinct and separate from the rest body 30 (as shown in figure 1 ).
  • the first half-mould 11 may be cooled in use.
  • the plant 100 may implement a method for producing a composite product, the method comprising a process for heating the semi-finished product 99, as will be exemplarily described below with reference to figures 3-5.
  • the semi-finished product 99 is exemplarily arranged above the rest body 30 with the preformed substrate 10 proximal to the rest body 30 and the coating layer 60 turned towards the heating system 3.
  • arranging the semi-finished product 99 facing the support surface 4 comprises arranging the coating layer 60 directly facing the support surface 4.
  • Figure 6 graphically shows an example of modulation of a source signal S1 with sinusoidal trend, such as for example the aforesaid electrical supply voltage Va can be, respectively with “zero crossing” type control (on the left), and with phase angle control (on the right).
  • the complete input signal S1 is modulated such that there is at least one portion of signal transmitted to the load for each half period of the input signal.
  • the signal portions transmitted are those represented in darker colour above the original waveform of the signal S1 depicted in lighter colour.
  • the four signals represented respectively at the percentages from 25% to 100% represent by way of example only different modulations of the signal S1 , in which, for each half-period, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the input signal S1 is transmitted respectively.
  • the composite product 99 is thus obtained (exemplarily, the composite product is indicated with the same reference numeral as the semi-finished product as it can also be considered a semi-finished product with regard to the heating process according to the present invention, as described above).
  • the process also comprises adjusting the respective threshold value itres of each electrically conductive element 5 as a function of the linear power (e.g. W/m) to be generated with the element, for example as a function of a spatial position of the element 5 on the support surface 4.
  • the linear power e.g. W/m
  • elements 5 occupying more central positions can be adjusted so as to generate less linear power, resulting in a lower threshold value itres compared to a value calculated only as a function of the aforesaid safety limits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un processus et un système (3) pour chauffer un produit semi-fini (99), le système (3) comprenant une surface de support (4), un ou plusieurs éléments électroconducteurs (5) fixés de manière répartie sur la surface de support (4) et une unité de commande (9), le processus consistant à : agencer le produit semi-fini (99) faisant face à la surface de support (4) et chauffer le produit semi-fini (99) par le système de chauffage (3), et le chauffage du produit semi-fini (99) comprenant, par l'unité de commande (9) : à appliquer une tension électrique respective (Vr) en régime alternatif à des extrémités opposées de chaque élément électroconducteur (5), à détecter en continu un courant électrique respectif (i) circulant dans chaque élément électroconducteur (5) et s'ajustant au fil du temps appliquant la tension électrique respective (Vr) en fonction d'une comparaison entre une valeur moyennée dans le temps (iRMS) du courant électrique respectif (i) et une valeur de seuil respective (itres).
PCT/IT2024/050254 2023-12-19 2024-12-13 Processus et système de chauffage d'un produit semi-fini Pending WO2025134164A1 (fr)

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IT102023000027249 2023-12-19

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1467180A (en) * 1975-06-13 1977-03-16 Eastholm Electronics Ltd Control apparatus for controlling electrical heaters
WO1999021694A1 (fr) * 1997-10-28 1999-05-06 Lear Corporation Procede de fabrication d'un article au moyen d'un materiau electriquement conducteur
EP2378384A2 (fr) * 2010-03-20 2011-10-19 D. Krieger GmbH Dispositif de chauffage de surface IR et procédé destiné au fonctionnement de celle-ci
DE102014010173B4 (de) * 2013-07-11 2017-11-23 Engel Austria Gmbh Heizvorrichtung
EP3016794B1 (fr) * 2013-07-03 2020-08-05 watttron GmbH Dispositif de chauffage de préformes ou de demi-produits plats ou préformés en matériau synthétique thermoplastique

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1467180A (en) * 1975-06-13 1977-03-16 Eastholm Electronics Ltd Control apparatus for controlling electrical heaters
WO1999021694A1 (fr) * 1997-10-28 1999-05-06 Lear Corporation Procede de fabrication d'un article au moyen d'un materiau electriquement conducteur
EP2378384A2 (fr) * 2010-03-20 2011-10-19 D. Krieger GmbH Dispositif de chauffage de surface IR et procédé destiné au fonctionnement de celle-ci
EP3016794B1 (fr) * 2013-07-03 2020-08-05 watttron GmbH Dispositif de chauffage de préformes ou de demi-produits plats ou préformés en matériau synthétique thermoplastique
DE102014010173B4 (de) * 2013-07-11 2017-11-23 Engel Austria Gmbh Heizvorrichtung

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