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WO2025133944A1 - Sachet de modification de diffusion pour produits destinés à être utilisés par voie orale - Google Patents

Sachet de modification de diffusion pour produits destinés à être utilisés par voie orale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025133944A1
WO2025133944A1 PCT/IB2024/062831 IB2024062831W WO2025133944A1 WO 2025133944 A1 WO2025133944 A1 WO 2025133944A1 IB 2024062831 W IB2024062831 W IB 2024062831W WO 2025133944 A1 WO2025133944 A1 WO 2025133944A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
acid
average fiber
fibers
fiber diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/IB2024/062831
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English (en)
Inventor
Yu Yao
Benjamin Jenkins
Rosa GALATI
Arian FEJZULLA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nicoventures Trading Ltd
Original Assignee
Nicoventures Trading Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nicoventures Trading Ltd filed Critical Nicoventures Trading Ltd
Publication of WO2025133944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025133944A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B13/00—Tobacco for pipes, for cigars, e.g. cigar inserts, or for cigarettes; Chewing tobacco; Snuff
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F23/00—Cases for tobacco, snuff, or chewing tobacco
    • A24F23/02—Tobacco pouches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
    • A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
    • A61K31/522—Purines, e.g. adenine having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. hypoxanthine, guanine, acyclovir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/658—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients o-phenolic cannabinoids, e.g. cannabidiol, cannabigerolic acid, cannabichromene or tetrahydrocannabinol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
    • A61K31/683—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols
    • A61K31/685—Diesters of a phosphorus acid with two hydroxy compounds, e.g. phosphatidylinositols one of the hydroxy compounds having nitrogen atoms, e.g. phosphatidylserine, lecithin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
    • A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
    • A61K31/704—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
    • A61K9/009—Sachets, pouches characterised by the material or function of the envelope

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to flavored products in pouch form intended for human use.
  • the pouched products are configured for oral use and deliver substances such as flavors and/or active ingredients during use.
  • Such products may include tobacco or a product derived from tobacco, or may be tobacco-free alternatives.
  • Embodiment 1 A pouched product, comprising: an outer water-permeable pouch defining a cavity; and a composition comprising at least one water-soluble component within the cavity, wherein the outer water-permeable pouch comprises a fibrous material having, in cross-section, a gradient of different fiber diameters.
  • Embodiment 2 The pouched product of Embodiment 1, wherein the outer water-permeable pouch comprises a plurality of fibrous layers, each of said fibrous layers comprising a plurality of fibers, and wherein each fibrous layer comprises fibers having a different average fiber diameter.
  • Embodiment 7 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-6, wherein the first and fourth average fiber diameters are about 12 microns or higher, such as about 12 to about 30 microns or about 15 to about 25 microns
  • Embodiment 8 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-7, wherein the second and third average fiber diameters are about 10 microns or lower, such as about 1 to about 10 or about 3 to about 8 microns.
  • Embodiment 10 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-9, wherein each of said fibrous layers differs in average fiber diameter from any adjacent layer by at least 10% or at least 15% or at least 20% or at least 25%.
  • Embodiment 11 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-10, wherein the outer water- permeable pouch comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, co-polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, polyacrylates, cellulose acetate, calcium alginate, wool, cotton, regenerated cellulose, cellulose triacetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, proteins, and combinations thereof.
  • a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, co-polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, polyacrylates, cellulose acetate, calcium alginate, wool, cotton, regenerated cellulose, cellulose triacetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose
  • Embodiment 12 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-11, wherein the outer water- permeable pouch comprises regenerated cellulose and/or an aliphatic polyester, such as poly glycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) such as polyhydroxypropionate, polyhydroxyvalerate, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxyhexanoate, and polyhydroxyoctanoate, polycaprolactone (PCL), polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate adipate, and copolymers thereof.
  • PGA poly glycolic acid
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • PHAs polyhydroxyalkanoates
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • PCL polybutylene succinate
  • polybutylene succinate adipate and copolymers thereof.
  • Embodiment 13 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-12, wherein the composition comprises nicotine in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight of the composition, calculated as the free base and based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Embodiment 14 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-13, wherein the composition comprises at least one filler, such as microcrystalline cellulose, and at least one flavorant.
  • the composition comprises at least one filler, such as microcrystalline cellulose, and at least one flavorant.
  • Embodiment 15 The pouched product of any one of Embodiments 1-14, wherein the composition comprises one or more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of nutraceuticals, botanicals, stimulants, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, cannabinoids, cannabimimetics, terpenes, and combinations thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pouched product according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure including a pouch at least partially filled with a composition of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration of a multi-layer pouch material showing the gradient of fiber sizes across the cross-section of the pouch according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pouched product with a multi-layer pouch material according to the present disclosure.
  • fiber is defined as a basic element of nonwovens which has a high aspect ratio of, for example, at least about 100 times.
  • filaments/continuous filaments are continuous fibers of extremely long lengths that possess a very high aspect ratio.
  • staple fibers are cut lengths from continuous filaments. Therefore, as used herein, the term “fiber” is intended to include fibers, filaments, continuous filaments, staple fibers, and the like.
  • multicomponent fibers refers to fibers that comprise two or more components that are different by physical or chemical nature, including bicomponent fibers.
  • nonwoven as used herein in reference to fibrous materials, webs, mats, batts, or sheets refers to fibrous structures in which fibers are aligned in an undefined or random orientation.
  • the nonwoven fibers are initially presented as unbound fibers or filaments, which may be natural or man-made.
  • the manner in which the fibers or filaments are bound can vary, and include thermal, mechanical and chemical techniques that are selected in part based on the desired characteristics of the final product.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an embodiment of a pouched product 100.
  • the pouched product 100 includes a moisture-permeable material in the form of a pouch 102, which contains a material 104 comprising the oral composition within a cavity formed in the pouch.
  • the material forming the pouch 102 is a fibrous material (also referred to as a “fleece” herein) characterized by a gradient in fiber size across the cross-section of the pouch, which results in promoting liquid flow through the pouch by capillary action.
  • the flow induced through capillary action provides a wicking effect through the pouch material, which can improve the fluid diffusion characteristics of the pouched product, and which in some embodiments, may accelerate diffusion of active ingredients and/or flavorants from the pouch into the oral cavity.
  • the fiber size gradient is typically provided by using a multi-layer pouch material, each layer characterized by a different fiber size, such as different average fiber diameter or different denier per filament (dpf).
  • Fiber diameter in a pouch material can be determined, for example, through analysis of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the pouch material.
  • SEM Scanning Electron Microscope
  • the number of layers in the pouch material can vary, with example ranges being two to six or two to four layers (e.g., two, three, four, five or six layers).
  • the layers of the pouch material can be bonded or affixed to one another using any method in the art, including thermal bonding, stitching, and the like.
  • the average fiber diameter of each layer can vary.
  • reference to “average fiber diameter” means an arithmetic mean of all the fibers in the layer, which can be determined by analysis of a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image by measuring the fiber diameter of a plurality of fibers within the image.
  • the multi-layer structure will include a layer with relatively coarse fibers (i.e., larger size fibers), such as a layer having an average fiber diameter of about 12 microns or higher, such as about 12 to about 30 microns or about 15 to about 25 microns.
  • the multi-layer structure will include a layer with relatively fine fibers (i.e., smaller size fibers), such having an average fiber diameter of about 10 microns or lower, such as about 1 to about 10 or about 3 to about 8 microns.
  • the multi-layer pouch structure can include a relatively coarse fiber layer and a relatively fine fiber layer as noted above, and further include one or more intermediate layers characterized by an average fiber diameter between the average fiber diameter of the coarse layer and the average fiber diameter of the fine layer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a fine fiber layer on one side, a coarse fiber layer on the opposing side, and two intermediate layers therebetween.
  • the fibers of each layer can be characterized based on the percentage of fibers within a given size range.
  • a relatively fine fiber layer can be characterized as a layer wherein at least 50% or at least 60% or at least 70% or at least 80% or at least 90% of the fibers have a fiber diameter in the range of about 10 microns or lower, such as about 1 to about 10 or about 3 to about 8 microns.
  • a relatively coarse fiber layer can be characterized as a layer wherein at least 50% or at least 60% or at least 70% or at least 80% or at least 90% of the fibers have a fiber diameter in the range of about 12 microns or higher, such as about 12 to about 30 microns or about 15 to about 25 microns.
  • the difference in average fiber size between a relatively coarse fiber layer and a relatively fine fiber layer can be characterized in terms of size ratio, such as a difference in average fiber size of about 10: 1 to about 40:1 or about 15: 1 to about 30: 1.
  • the average fiber size of a relatively coarse fiber could be 10 times larger than the average fiber size of the relatively fine fiber layer.
  • each fibrous layer of the pouch has a fiber size (e.g., in terms of average fiber diameter or denier per filament) that is different by at least 10% or at least 15% or at least 20% or at least 25% (e.g., about 10% to about 35% or about 15% to about 25%) from any adjacent fibrous layer of the pouch.
  • a fiber size e.g., in terms of average fiber diameter or denier per filament
  • the difference between 20 microns and the average fiber diameter of any adjacent layer would be at least 10% of 20 microns (e.g., an average fiber diameter of 18 microns or lower).
  • the difference in fiber size between each layer promotes fluid transport through the pouch by capillary action.
  • the use of a gradient of fiber sizes across a pouch cross-section can promote flow in a particular desired direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, liquid transport is promoted in the direction from relatively coarse fibers to relatively fine fibers.
  • FIG. 3 shows pouched product 200 comprising an outer water-permeable pouch 202 housing an internal oral composition 204.
  • the pouch 202 comprises three layers, each layer comprising fibers of a different size (e.g., different average fiber diameter).
  • the three layers of the pouch 202 include a relatively coarse fiber layer A, a relatively fine fiber layer C, and an intermediate layer B having a fiber size between the fiber sizes of layers A and C.
  • the pouch 202 has two opposing sides, 206 and 208, which have a mirrored layered structure, meaning relatively coarse fiber layer A is positioned at the exterior surface on side 208 and positioned as the innermost layer on side 206. Similarly, relatively fine fiber layer C is positioned at the exterior surface on side 206 and positioned as the innermost layer on side 208. In this manner, capillary action will promote flow into the pouch on side 208 and promote flow leaving the pouch on side 206. This directional flow of liquid promotes efficient interaction between saliva in the oral cavity and the composition within the pouch.
  • a pouch of this type can be made of two pieces of the nonwoven fleece with a gradient of different fiber diameters, one above the other one (i.e., one piece has first side as external side of pouch and the other piece has the second opposing side as external side of pouch) by sealing the edges using a sealing method, e.g., heat sealing, ultrasonic sealing, binder sealing, needle punching sealing, or the like.
  • a sealing method e.g., heat sealing, ultrasonic sealing, binder sealing, needle punching sealing, or the like.
  • the fibers according to the present disclosure can vary, and include fibers having any type of crosssection, including, but not limited to, circular, rectangular, square, oval, triangular, and multilobal.
  • the fibers can have one or more void spaces, wherein the void spaces can have, for example, circular, rectangular, square, oval, triangular, or multilobal cross-sections.
  • the fibers may be selected from single-component or monocomponent (i.e.
  • the polymers used to form the fibers can vary, and include both natural fibers and synthetic fibers. Combinations of fibers constructed of different polymers can also be used. Fibers used in nonwoven substrates can include, for example, one or more thermoplastic polymers selected from the group consisting of polyesters (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), co-polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, polyacrylates, and combinations thereof.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • co-polyesters e.g., polyamides, polyolefins, polyacrylates, and combinations thereof.
  • the polymer forming the fibers can be a biodegradable polymer, such as an aliphatic polyester.
  • Additional fiber examples include plasticized cellulose acetate, calcium alginate, wool, cotton, regenerated cellulose, cellulose triacetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, protein fibers, and the like. See also, the fiber types set forth in US Pat. No. 9,386,800 to Sebastian et al., which is incorporated by reference herein.
  • the physical parameters of the fibers present in the nonwoven web can vary.
  • the fibers used in the nonwoven web can have varying size (e.g., length, denier per filament (dpf)) and crimp characteristics.
  • fibers used in the nonwoven web can be nano fibers, sub-micron fibers, and/or micron-sized fibers.
  • fibers of the nonwoven webs useful herein can measure about 0.5 dpf to about 4.0 dpf, or about 1.0 dpf to about 2.5 dpf.
  • each fiber can measure about 4-10 crimps per cm, or about 5-8 crimps per cm.
  • each fiber can be a continuous filament fiber.
  • each fiber can be a staple fiber.
  • Each fiber length can measure about 35 mm to about 60 mm, or about 38 mm to about 55 mm, for example. It can be advantageous for all fibers in the nonwoven web to have similar fiber size and crimp attributes to ensure favorable blending and orientation of the fibers in the nonwoven web.
  • the pouch material may further include a liquid binder coating, such as acrylic polymer compositions, which are typically applied to a nonwoven web to provide sealing of seams of individual pouches upon heating.
  • a liquid binder coating such as acrylic polymer compositions, which are typically applied to a nonwoven web to provide sealing of seams of individual pouches upon heating.
  • the pouch can include a plurality of heat sealing binder fibers comprising a thermoplastic polymer capable of providing the function of heat sealing of the pouch.
  • nonwoven webs are typically produced in three stages: web formation, bonding, and finishing treatments.
  • Web formation can be accomplished by any means known in the art.
  • the web may be formed by a drylaid process, a spunlaid process, or a wetlaid process.
  • the nonwoven web can be prepared by carding, airlay, wetlay, spunbond, meltblown, or hydroentanglement process, or any combination thereof.
  • the nonwoven web is made by meltblowing or spunbonding processes.
  • Spunbonding employs melt spinning, wherein a polymer is melted to a liquid state and forced through small orifices into cool air, such that the polymer strands solidify according to the shape of the orifices.
  • the fiber bundles thus produced are then drawn, i.e., mechanically stretched (e.g., by a factor of 3- 5) to orient the fibers.
  • a nonwoven web is then formed by depositing the drawn fibers onto a moving belt.
  • General spunbonding processes are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos.
  • Spunbonding typically produces a larger diameter filament than meltblowing, for example.
  • spunbonding produces fibers having an average diameter of about 20 microns or more.
  • the nonwoven web comprises spunbound fibers having average diameters in the range of about 5 to about 60, such as about 20 to about 40 microns.
  • Meltblowing is a process wherein a polymer (or polymers) is melted to a liquid state and extruded through a linear die containing numerous (e.g. , several hundred or more) small orifices. As the polymer is extmded, streams of hot air are rapidly blown at the polymer, rapidly stretching and/or attenuating the extruded polymer streams to form extremely fine filaments. The air streams typically stretch or attenuate the molten polymer by many orders of magnitude. The stretched polymer fibers are collected as a randomly entangled, self-bonded nonwoven web. Meltblowing generally is described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 3,849,241 to Butin, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Meltblowing is generally capable of providing fibers with relatively small diameters. Diameter and other properties of meltblown fibers can be tailored by modifying various process parameters (e.g., die design, die capillary size, polymer throughput, air velocity, collector distance, and web handling). Attenuating the air pressure affects fiber size, as higher pressures typically yield finer fibers (e.g., up to about 5 microns, such as about 1-5 microns) and lower pressures yield coarser fibers (e.g., up to about 20 microns, such as about 10-20 microns).
  • process parameters e.g., die design, die capillary size, polymer throughput, air velocity, collector distance, and web handling. Attenuating the air pressure affects fiber size, as higher pressures typically yield finer fibers (e.g., up to about 5 microns, such as about 1-5 microns) and lower pressures yield coarser fibers (e.g., up to about 20 microns, such as about 10-20 microns).
  • the nonwoven web comprises meltblown fibers having average diameters of about 20 microns or less, such as about 15 microns or less or about 10 microns or less or about 5 microns or less (e.g., about 1 to about 10 microns or about 1 to about 5 microns in average diameter).
  • the nonwoven web can, in some embodiments, be subjected to some type of bonding (including, but not limited to, thermal fusion or bonding, mechanical entanglement, chemical adhesive, or a combination thereof), although in some embodiments, the web preparation process itself provides the necessary bonding and no further treatment is used.
  • the nonwoven web is bonded thermally using a calendar or a thru-air oven or both.
  • the nonwoven web is subjected to hydroentangling, which is a mechanism used to entangle and bond fibers using hydrodynamic forces.
  • hydroentangled as applied to a nonwoven material herein defines a web subjected to impingement by a curtain of high speed, fine water jets, typically emanating from a nozzle jet strip accommodated in a pressure vessel often referred to as a manifold or an injector.
  • This hydro entangled material can be characterized by reoriented, twisted, turned and entangled fibers.
  • the fibers can be hydroentangled by exposing the nonwoven web to water pressure from one or more hydroentangling manifolds at a water pressure in the range of about 10 bar to about 1000 bar.
  • needle punching is utilized, wherein needles are used to provide physical entanglement between fibers.
  • Pouches as described herein have three dimensions: a length, a width, and a thickness.
  • a length may vary depending on the intended overall size and volume of the pouch, and the quantity of material desired within the pouch.
  • the amount of material contained within each pouch may vary.
  • the weight of the composition within each pouch is at least about 50 mg, for example, from about 50 mg to about 2 grams, from about 100 mg to about 1.5 grams, or from about 200 to about 700 mg.
  • the weight of the composition within each pouch may be from about 100 to about 300 mg.
  • the weight of the material within each pouch may be from about 300 mg to about 700 mg.
  • the pouch material can have a thickness of about 0.1 mm to about 0.6 mm, such as about 0.2 to about 0.5 mm. In some embodiments, the pouch material can have a basis weight of about 15 gsm to about 70 gsm, or about 25 gsm to about 40 gsm. Basis weight of a nonwoven material can be measured using ASTM D3776/D3776M-09a (2013) (Standard Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric), for example.
  • the oral composition within the pouch can vary, but will typically include at least one active ingredient and/or at least one flavorant.
  • the composition of the disclosure may generally be prepared, for example, by dry -blending dry ingredients, such as fillers, active ingredients, salts, buffers, flavoring agents, and the like, and combining the dry mixture with any liquid ingredients, such as humectants, followed by placing the composition in a pouch.
  • dry ingredients such as fillers, active ingredients, salts, buffers, flavoring agents, and the like
  • any liquid ingredients such as humectants
  • the overall composition with e.g., powdered composition components may be relatively uniform in nature.
  • the components noted above, which may be in liquid or dry solid form, can be admixed in a pretreatment step prior to mixture with any remaining components of the composition, or simply mixed together with all other liquid or dry ingredients.
  • a liquid flavorant is combined with a porous particulate carrier, such as microcrystalline cellulose, to form a dry flavorant mixture.
  • This dry flavorant may then be combined with the other components of the composition (e.g., dissolvable filler, active ingredient, and the like).
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of agar, alginates, carrageenan and other seaweed hydrocolloids, exudate gum hydrocolloids, cellulose ethers, starches, gums, dextrans, povidone, pullulan, zein, or combinations thereof.
  • Sugar alcohols are polyols derived from monosaccharides or disaccharides that have a partially or fully hydrogenated form.
  • Sugar alcohols have, for example, about 4 to about 20 carbon atoms and include erythritol, arabitol, ribitol, isomalt, maltitol, dulcitol, iditol, mannitol, xylitol, lactitol, sorbitol, and combinations thereof (e.g., hydrogenated starch hydrolysates).
  • At least one pH adjuster is added to the composition to further enhance stability of a volatile flavorant or active ingredient contained therein.
  • sufficient pH adjuster could be added to the composition to maintain a pH level below 7, such as about 4 to about 7.
  • Non-limiting examples of botanicals or botanical-derived materials include acai berry (Euterpe oleracea martius), acerola (Malpighia glabra), alfalfa, allspice, Angelica root, anise (e.g., star anise), annatto seed, apple (Malus domestica), apricot oil, ashwagandha, Bacopa monniera, baobab, basil (Ocimum basilicum), bay, bee balm, beet root, bergamot, blackberry (Morus nigra), black cohosh, black pepper, black tea, blueberries, boldo (Peumus boldus), borage, bugleweed, cacao, calamus root, camu (Myrcaria dubia), cannabis/hemp, caraway seed, cardamom, cassis, catnip, catuaba, cayenne pepper, Centella asiatica, chaga mushroom, Chai-hu, chamomile
  • the active ingredient comprises lemon balm.
  • Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a mildly lemon-scented herb from the same family as mint (Lamiaceae). The herb is native to Europe, North Africa, and West Asia. The tea of lemon balm, as well as the essential oil and the extract, are used in traditional and alternative medicine.
  • the active ingredient comprises lemon balm extract.
  • the lemon balm extract is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 4% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the active ingredient comprises ginseng.
  • Ginseng is the root of plants of the genus Panax, which are characterized by the presence of unique steroid saponin phytochemicals (ginsenosides) and gintonin. Ginseng finds use as a dietary supplement in energy drinks or herbal teas, and in traditional medicine. Cultivated species include Korean ginseng (P. ginseng), South China ginseng (P. notoginseng), and American ginseng (P. quinquefolius). American ginseng and Korean ginseng vary in the type and quantity of various ginsenosides present. In some embodiments, the ginseng is American ginseng or Korean ginseng. In some embodiments, the active ingredient comprises Korean ginseng. In some embodiments, ginseng is present in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 0.6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the active ingredient comprises one or more stimulants.
  • stimulants refers to a material that increases activity of the central nervous system and/or the body, for example, enhancing focus, cognition, vigor, mood, alertness, and the like.
  • Non-limiting examples of stimulants include caffeine, theacrine, theobromine, and theophylline.
  • Theacrine (1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid) is a purine alkaloid which is structurally related to caffeine, and possesses stimulant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Present stimulants may be natural, naturally derived, or wholly synthetic.
  • certain botanical materials may possess a stimulant effect by virtue of the presence of e.g., caffeine or related alkaloids, and accordingly are “natural” stimulants.
  • the stimulant e.g., caffeine, theacrine
  • caffeine can be obtained by extraction and purification from botanical sources (e.g., tea).
  • whole synthetic it is meant that the stimulant has been obtained by chemical synthesis.
  • the active ingredient comprises caffeine.
  • the caffeine is present in an encapsulated form. On example of an encapsulated caffeine is Vitashure®, available from Balchem Corp., 52 Sunrise Park Road, New Hampton, NY, 10958.
  • a stimulant or combination of stimulants is typically at a concentration of from about 0.1% w/w to about 15% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5% about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, or about 0.9%, to about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, or about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the composition comprises caffeine in an amount of from about 1.5 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the active ingredient comprises an amino acid.
  • amino acid refers to an organic compound that contains amine (-NH 2 ) and carboxyl (-COOH) or sulfonic acid (SO3H) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group), which is specific to each amino acid.
  • Amino acids may be proteinogenic or non-proteinogenic. By “proteinogenic” is meant that the amino acid is one of the twenty naturally occurring amino acids found in proteins.
  • the proteinogenic amino acids include alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine.
  • non- proteinogenic is meant that either the amino acid is not found naturally in protein, or is not directly produced by cellular machinery (e.g., is the product of post-translational modification).
  • Non-limiting examples of non- proteinogenic amino acids include gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), taurine (2 -aminoethanesulfonic acid), theanine (L-y-glutamylethylamide), hydroxyproline, and beta-alanine.
  • the active ingredient comprises theanine.
  • the active ingredient comprises GABA.
  • the active ingredient comprises a combination of theanine and GABA.
  • the active ingredient is a combination of theanine, GABA, and lemon balm.
  • the active ingredient is a combination of caffeine, theanine, and ginseng.
  • the active ingredient comprises taurine.
  • the active ingredient is a combination of caffeine and taurine.
  • an amino acid or combination of amino acids is typically at a concentration of from about 0.1% w/w to about 15% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5% about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, or about 0.9%, to about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, or about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the active ingredient comprises vitamin C. In some embodiments, the active ingredient is a combination of vitamin C, caffeine, and taurine. In some embodiments, the active ingredient comprises one or more of vitamin B6 and B 12. In some embodiments, the active ingredient comprises theanine and one or more of vitamin B6 and B 12.
  • the active ingredient comprises vitamin A.
  • the vitamin A is encapsulated.
  • the vitamin is vitamin B6, vitamin B 12, vitamin E, vitamin C, or a combination thereof.
  • the active ingredient comprises a mineral.
  • mineral refers to an inorganic molecule (or related set of molecules) that is an essential micronutrient needed for the proper functioning of various systems in a mammal.
  • minerals include iron, zinc, copper, selenium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, and the like.
  • the active ingredient comprises iron. Suitable sources of iron include, but are not limited to, ferrous salts such as ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate. In some embodiments, the iron is encapsulated.
  • a vitamin or mineral is typically at a concentration of from about 0.01% w/w to about 6% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, or about 0.1% w/w, to about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5% about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5% , or about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the active ingredient comprises one or more antioxidants.
  • antioxidant refers to a substance which prevents or suppresses oxidation by terminating free radical reactions, and may delay or prevent some types of cellular damage. Antioxidants may be naturally occurring or synthetic. Naturally occurring antioxidants include those found in foods and botanical materials. Nonlimiting examples of antioxidants include certain botanical materials, vitamins, polyphenols, and phenol derivatives.
  • Examples of botanical materials which are associated with antioxidant characteristics include without limitation acai berry, alfalfa, allspice, annatto seed, apricot oil, basil, bee balm, wild bergamot, black pepper, blueberries, borage seed oil, bugleweed, cacao, calamus root, catnip, catuaba, cayenne pepper, chaga mushroom, chervil, cinnamon, dark chocolate, potato peel, grape seed, ginseng, gingko biloba, Saint John's Wort, saw palmetto, green tea, black tea, black cohosh, cayenne, chamomile, cloves, cocoa powder, cranberry, dandelion, grapefruit, honeybush, echinacea, garlic, evening primrose, feverfew, ginger, goldenseal, hawthorn, hibiscus flower, jiaogulan, kava, lavender, licorice, magoram, milk thistle, mints (menthe), oo
  • Such botanical materials may be provided in fresh or dry form, essential oils, or may be in the form of an extracts.
  • the botanical materials (as well as their extracts) often include compounds from various classes known to provide antioxidant effects, such as minerals, vitamins, isoflavones, phytoesterols, allyl sulfides, dithiolthiones, isothiocyanates, indoles, lignans, flavonoids, polyphenols, and carotenoids.
  • Examples of compounds found in botanical extracts or oils include ascorbic acid, peanut endocarb, resveratrol, sulforaphane, beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, co-enzyme Q, carnitine, quercetin, kaempferol, and the like. See, e.g., Santhosh et al., Phytomedicine, 12(2005) 216-220, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Non-limiting examples of other suitable antioxidants include citric acid, Vitamin E or a derivative thereof, a tocopherol, epicatechol, epigallocatechol, epigallocatechol gallate, erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, 4-hexylresorcinol, theaflavin, theaflavin monogallate A or B, theaflavin digallate, phenolic acids, glycosides, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, polyphenols, catechols, resveratrols, oleuropein, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), and combinations thereof.
  • a tocopherol epicatechol, epigallocatechol, epigallocatechol gallate
  • erythorbic acid sodium erythorbate
  • 4-hexylresorcinol theaf
  • an antioxidant is typically at a concentration of from about 0.001% w/w to about 10% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.001%, about 0.005%, about 0.01% w/w, about 0.05%, about 0.1%, or about 0.5%, to about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, or about 10%, based on the total weight of the mixture/composition.
  • the pouched products of the present disclosure can include a nicotinic compound.
  • nicotinic compound or “source of nicotine” often refers to naturally-occurring or synthetic nicotinic compound unbound from a plant material, meaning the compound is at least partially purified and not contained within a plant stmcture, such as a tobacco leaf.
  • nicotine is naturally-occurring and obtained as an extract from a Nicotiana species (e.g., tobacco).
  • the basic amine for example nicotine
  • the conjugate base of the organic acid exist at least partially in the form of an ion pair.
  • ion pairing may minimize chemical degradation of the basic amine and/or enhance the oral availability of the basic amine (e.g., nicotine).
  • alkaline pH values e.g., such as from about 7.5 to about 9
  • certain basic amines, for example nicotine are largely present in the free base form, which has relatively low water solubility, and low stability with respect to evaporation and oxidative decomposition, but high mucosal availability.
  • nicotine-organic acid ion pairs of moderate lipophilicity result in favorable stability and absorption properties.
  • Lipophilicity is conveniently measured in terms of logP, the partition coefficient of a molecule between a lipophilic phase and an aqueous phase, usually octanol and water, respectively.
  • An octanol-water partitioning favoring distribution of a basic amine-organic acid ion pair into octanol is predictive of good absorption of the basic amine present in the composition through the oral mucosa.
  • alkaline pH values e.g., such as from about 7.5 to about 9
  • nicotine is largely present in the free base form (and accordingly, a high partitioning into octanol)
  • acidic pH values such as from about 6.5 to about 4
  • nicotine is largely present in a protonated form (and accordingly, a low partitioning into octanol).
  • An ion pair between certain organic acids e.g., having a logP value of from about 1.4 to about 8.0. such as from about 1.4 to about 4.5, allows nicotine partitioning into octanol consistent with that predicted for nicotine partitioning into octanol at a pH of 8.4.
  • the extent of ion pairing in the disclosed composition may vary based on, for example, pH, the nature of the organic acid, the concentration of nicotine, the concentration of the organic acid or conjugate base of the organic acid present in the composition, the water content of the composition, the ionic strength of the composition, and the like.
  • ion pairing is an equilibrium process influenced by the foregoing variables. Accordingly, quantification of the extent of ion pairing is difficult or impossible by calculation or direct observation.
  • the presence of ion pairing may be demonstrated through surrogate measures such as partitioning of the nicotine between octanol and water or membrane permeation of aqueous solutions of the basic amine plus organic acids and/or their conjugate bases.
  • the nicotine component when present, is in a concentration of at least about 0.001% by weight of the composition, such as in a range from about 0.001% to about 10%.
  • the nicotine component is present in a concentration from about 0.1% w/w to about 10% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5% about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, or about 0.9%, to about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, or about 10% by weight, calculated as the free base and based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the nicotine component is present in a concentration from about 0.1% w/w to about 3% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.1% w/w to about 2.5%, from about 0.1% to about 2.0%, from about 0.1% to about 1.5%, or from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, calculated as the free base and based on the total weight of the composition.
  • concentration from about 0.1% w/w to about 3% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.1% w/w to about 2.5%, from about 0.1% to about 2.0%, from about 0.1% to about 1.5%, or from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, calculated as the free base and based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the products or compositions of the disclosure can be characterized as free of any nicotine component (e.g., any embodiment as disclosed herein may be completely or substantially free of any nicotine component).
  • substantially free is meant that no nicotine has been intentionally added, beyond trace amounts that may be naturally present in e.g., a botanical material.
  • some embodiments can be characterized as having less than 0.001% by weight of nicotine, or less than 0.0001%, or even 0% by weight of nicotine, calculated as the free base.
  • organic acid refers to an organic (i.e., carbon-based) compound that is characterized by acidic properties.
  • organic acids are relatively weak acids (i.e., they do not dissociate completely in the presence of water), such as carboxylic acids (-CO2H) or sulfonic acids (-SO2OH).
  • reference to organic acid means an organic acid that is intentionally added.
  • an organic acid may be intentionally added as a specific composition ingredient as opposed to merely being inherently present as a component of another composition ingredient (e.g., the small amount of organic acid which may inherently be present in a composition ingredient, such as a tobacco material).
  • Suitable organic acids will typically have a range of lipophilicities (i.e., a polarity giving an appropriate balance of water and organic solubility). Typically, lipophilicities of suitable organic acids, as indicated by logP, will vary between about 1.4 and about 4.5 (more soluble in octanol than in water). In some embodiments, the organic acid has a logP value of from about 1.5 to about 4.0, e.g., from about 1.5, about 2.0, about 2.5, or about 3.0, to about 3.5, about 4.0, about 4.5, or about 5.0. Particularly suitable organic acids have a logP value of from about 1.7 to about 4, such as from about 2.0, about 2.5, or about 3.0, to about 3.5, or about 4.0.
  • the organic acid has a logP value of about 2.5 to about 3.5. In some embodiments, organic acids outside this range may also be utilized for various purposes and in various amounts, as described further hereinbelow.
  • the organic acid may have a logP value of greater than about 4.5, such as from about 4.5 to about 8.0.
  • certain solvents or solubilizing agents e.g., inclusion in the composition of glycerin or propylene glycol
  • moderately lipophilic organic acids e.g., logP of from about 1.4 to about 4.5
  • partitioning into octanol is predictive of favorable oral availability.
  • the organic acid has a log P value of from about 1.4 to about 4.5, such as about 1.5, about 2, about 2.5, about 3, about 3.5, about 4 or about 4.5.
  • the organic acid has a log P value of from about 2.5 to about 3.5.
  • the organic acid is a carboxylic acid or a sulfonic acid.
  • the carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid functional group may be attached to any alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group having, for example, from one to twenty carbon atoms (C1-C20).
  • the organic acid is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl carboxylic or sulfonic acid.
  • alkyl refers to any straight chain or branched chain hydrocarbon.
  • the alkyl group may be saturated (i.e., having all sp 3 carbon atoms), or may be unsaturated (i.e., having at least one site of unsaturation).
  • unsaturated refers to the presence of a carbon-carbon, sp 2 double bond in one or more positions within the alkyl group.
  • Unsaturated alkyl groups may be mono- or polyunsaturated.
  • Representative straight chain alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n- propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, and n-hexyl.
  • Branched chain alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, isopropyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, and 2-methylbutyl.
  • Representative unsaturated alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethylene or vinyl, allyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, isobutylenyl, 1 -pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3- methyl-l-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, and the like.
  • An alkyl group can be unsubstituted or substituted.
  • Cycloalkyl refers to a carbocyclic group, which may be mono- or bicyclic. Cycloalkyl groups include rings having 3 to 7 carbon atoms as a monocycle or 7 to 12 carbon atoms as a bicycle. Examples of monocyclic cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. A cycloalkyl group can be unsubstituted or substituted, and may include one or more sites of unsaturation (e.g., cyclopentenyl or cyclohexenyl).
  • aryl refers to a carbocyclic aromatic group. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl and naphthyl. An aryl group can be unsubstituted or substituted.
  • Heteroaryl and “heterocycloalkyl” as used herein refer to an aromatic or non-aromatic ring system, respectively, in which one or more ring atoms is a heteroatom, e.g., nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
  • the heteroaryl or heterocycloalkyl group comprises up to 20 carbon atoms and from 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S.
  • a heteroaryl or heterocycloalkyl may be a monocycle having 3 to 7 ring members (for example, 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S) or a bicycle having 7 to 10 ring members (for example, 4 to 9 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S), for example: a bicyclo[4,5], [5,5], [5,6], or [6,6] system.
  • heteroaryl groups include by way of example and not limitation, pyridyl, thiazolyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, benzofuranyl, thianaphthalenyl, indolyl, indolenyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzimidazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, IH-indazolyl, purinyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, 4aH- carb
  • heterocycloalkyls include by way of example and not limitation, dihydroypyridyl, tetrahydropyridyl (piperidyl), tetrahydrothiophenyl, piperidinyl, 4- piperidonyl, pyrrolidinyl, 2-pyrrolidonyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, bis-tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, decahydroquinolinyl, octahydroisoquinolinyl, piperazinyl, quinuclidinyl, and morpholinyl. Heteroaryl and heterocycloalkyl groups can be unsubstituted or substituted.
  • Substituted as used herein and as applied to any of the above alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, means that one or more hydrogen atoms are each independently replaced with a substituent.
  • a group is described as “optionally substituted,” that group can be substituted with one or more of the above substituents, independently selected for each occasion.
  • the substituent may be one or more methyl groups or one or more hydroxyl groups.
  • the organic acid is an alkyl carboxylic acid.
  • alkyl carboxylic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and the like.
  • the organic acid is an alkyl sulfonic acid.
  • alkyl sulfonic acids include propanesulfonic acid, heptanesulfonic acid, and octanesulfonic acid.
  • the alkyl carboxylic or sulfonic acid is substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups.
  • Non-limiting examples include glycolic acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, and lactic acid.
  • an organic acid may include more than one carboxylic acid group or more than one sulfonic acid group (e.g., two, three, or more carboxylic acid groups).
  • Non-limiting examples include oxalic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, and glutaric acid.
  • organic acids containing multiple carboxylic acids e.g., from two to four carboxylic acid groups
  • one or more of the carboxylic acid groups may be esterified.
  • Non-limiting examples include succinic acid monoethyl ester, monomethyl fumarate, monomethyl or dimethyl citrate, and the like.
  • the organic acid may include more than one carboxylic acid group and one or more hydroxyl groups.
  • Non-limiting examples of such acids include tartaric acid, citric acid, and the like.
  • the organic acid is an aryl carboxylic acid or an aryl sulfonic acid.
  • aryl carboxylic and sulfonic acids include benzoic acid, toluic acids, salicylic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and -tolucncsulfonic acid.
  • organic acids which may be useful in some embodiments include 2,2-dichloroacetic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, 4-acetamidobenzoic acid, 4- aminosalicylic acid, adipic acid, ascorbic acid (L), aspartic acid (L), alpha-methylbutyric acid, camphoric acid (+), camphor-10-sulfonic acid (+), cinnamic acid, cyclamic acid, dodecylsulfuric acid, ethane- 1,2-disulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, furoic acid, galactaric acid, gentisic acid, glucoheptonic acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glutamic acid, glycerophosphoric acid, glycolic acid, hippuric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, lactobionic acid, lauric acid, levulinic acid, malic acid,
  • suitable acids include, but are not limited to, the list of organic acids in Table 1.
  • organic acid may further depend on additional properties in addition to consideration of the logP value. For example, an organic acid should be one recognized as safe for human consumption, and which has acceptable flavor, odor, volatility, stability, and the like. Determination of appropriate organic acids is within the purview of one of skill in the art.
  • the organic acid is a mono ester of a dicarboxylic acid or a poly -carboxylic acid.
  • the dicarboxylic acid is malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, or a combination thereof.
  • the dicarboxylic acid is succinic acid, glutaric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, or a combination thereof.
  • the dicarboxylic acid is succinic acid, glutaric acid, or a combination thereof.
  • the alcohol forming the mono ester of the dicarboxylic acid is a lipophilic alcohol.
  • suitable lipophilic alcohols include, but are not limited to, octanol, menthol, and tocopherol.
  • the organic acid is an octyl mono ester of a dicarboxylic acid, such as monooctyl succinate, monooctyl fumarate, or the like.
  • the organic acid is a monomenthyl ester of a dicarboxylic acid.
  • Certain menthyl esters may be desirable in oral compositions as described herein by virtue of the cooling sensation they may provide upon use of the product comprising the composition.
  • the organic acid is monomenthyl succinate, monomenthyl fumarate, monomenthyl glutarate, or a combination thereof.
  • the organic acid is a monotocopheryl ester of a dicarboxylic acid. Certain tocopheryl esters may be desirable in oral compositions as described herein by virtue of the antioxidant effects they may provide.
  • the organic acid is tocopheryl succinate, tocopheryl fumarate, tocopheryl glutarate, or a combination thereof.
  • the organic acid is a carotenoid derivative having one or more carboxylic acids.
  • Carotenoids are tetraterpenes, meaning that they are produced from 8 isoprene molecules and contain 40 carbon atoms. Accordingly, they are usually lipophilic due to the presence of long unsaturated aliphatic chains, and are generally yellow, orange, or red in color.
  • Certain carotenoid derivatives can be advantageous in oral compositions by virtue of providing both ion pairing and serving as a colorant in the composition.
  • the organic acid is 2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16Z,18E)-20-methoxy-4,8,13,17-tetramethyl- 20-oxoicosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaenoic acid (bixin) or an isomer thereof.
  • Bixin is an apocarotenoid found in annatto seeds from the achiote tree (Bixa orellana), and is the naturally occurring pigment providing the reddish orange color to annatto.
  • Bixin is soluble in fats and alcohols but insoluble in water, and is chemically unstable when isolated, converting via isomerization into the double bond isomer, /raw.s-bixin ( -bixin), having the structure:
  • the organic acid is (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E)-4,8,13,17- tetramethylicosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonaenedioic acid (norbixin), a water soluble hydrolysis product of bixin having the structure:
  • more than one organic acid may be present.
  • the composition may comprise two, or three, or four, or more organic acids.
  • an organic acid contemplates mixtures of two or more organic acids.
  • the relative amounts of the multiple organic acids may vary.
  • a composition may comprise equal amounts of two, or three, or more organic acids, or may comprise different relative amounts.
  • certain organic acids e.g., citric acid or myristic acid
  • it is possible to include certain organic acids e.g., citric acid or myristic acid which have a logP value outside the desired range, when combined with other organic acids to provide the desired average logP range for the combination.
  • organic acids in the composition which have logP values outside the desired range for purposes such as, but not limited to, providing desirable organoleptic properties, stability, as flavor components, and the like.
  • certain lipophilic organic acids have undesirable flavor and or aroma characteristics which would preclude their presence as the sole organic acid (e.g., in equimolar or greater quantities relative to nicotine).
  • a combination of different organic acids may provide the desired ion pairing while the concentration of any single organic acid in the composition remains below the threshold which would be found objectionable from a sensory perspective.
  • the composition comprises an organic acid which is a monoester of a dicarboxylic acid or is a carotenoid derivative having one or more carboxylic acids as described herein above, and further comprises an additional organic acid or salt thereof.
  • the additional organic acid is benzoic acid, an alkali metal salt thereof, or a combination thereof.
  • the composition comprises an alkali metal salt of an organic acid.
  • the organic acid may be present in the composition in the form of an alkali metal salt.
  • Suitable alkali metal salts include lithium, sodium, and potassium.
  • the alkali metal is sodium or potassium.
  • the alkali metal is sodium.
  • the composition comprises an organic acid and a sodium salt of the organic acid.
  • the weight ratio of the organic acid to the sodium salt (or other alkali metal) of the organic acid is from about 0.1 to about 10, such as from about 0.1, about 0.25, about 0.3, about 0.5, about 0.75, or about 1, to about 2, about 5, or about 10.
  • both an organic acid and the sodium salt thereof are added to the other components of the composition, wherein the organic acid is added in excess of the sodium salt, in equimolar quantities with the sodium salt, or as a fraction of the sodium salt.
  • the organic acid may be added in a quantity to provide a desired pH level of the composition, while the alkali metal (e.g., sodium) salt is added in a quantity to provide the desired extent of ion pairing.
  • the quantity of organic acid (i.e., the protonated form) present in the composition will vary according to the pH of the composition and the pKa of the organic acid, as well as according to the actual relative quantities initially added to the composition.
  • the amount of organic acid or alkali metal salt thereof present in the composition, relative to the basic amine (e.g., nicotine), may vary. Generally, as the concentration of the organic acid (or the conjugate base thereof) increases, the percent of basic amine (e.g., nicotine) that is ion paired with the organic acid increases. This typically increases the partitioning of the basic amine (e.g., nicotine), in the form of an ion pair, into octanol versus water as measured by the logP (the logw of the partitioning coefficient).
  • the composition comprises from about 0.05, about 0.1, about 1, about 1.5, about 2, or about 5, to about 10, about 15, or about 20 molar equivalents of the organic acid, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the combination thereof, relative to the basic amine (e.g., nicotine), calculated as the free base of the basic amine.
  • the basic amine e.g., nicotine
  • the composition comprises from about 2 to about 10, or from about 2 to about 5 molar equivalents of the organic acid, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the combination thereof, relative to the basic amine (e.g., nicotine), on a free-base basis.
  • the organic acid, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the combination thereof is present in a molar ratio with basic amine (e.g., nicotine) from about 2, about 3, about 4, or about 5, to about 6, about 7, about 8, about 9, or about 10.
  • basic amine e.g., nicotine
  • the organic acid inclusion is sufficient to provide a composition pH of from about 4.0 to about 9.0, such as from about 4.5 to about 7.0, or from about 5.5 to about 7.0, from about 4.0 to about 5.5, or from about 7.0 to about 9.0. In some embodiments, the organic acid inclusion is sufficient to provide a composition pH of from about 4.5 to about 6.5, for example, from about 4.5, about 5.0, or about 5.5, to about 6.0, or about 6.5.
  • the organic acid is provided in a quantity sufficient to provide a pH of the composition of from about 5.5 to about 6.5, for example, from about 5.5, about 5.6, about 5.7, about 5.8, about 5.9, or about 6.0, to about 6.1, about 6.2, about 6.3, about 6.4, or about 6.5.
  • a mineral acid e.g., hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or the like
  • the organic acid is added as the free acid, either neat (i.e., native solid or liquid form) or as a solution in, e.g., water, to the other composition components.
  • the alkali metal salt of the organic acid is added, either neat or as a solution in, e.g., water, to the other composition components.
  • the organic acid and the basic amine e.g., nicotine
  • the organic acid and the basic amine are combined to form a salt, either before addition to the composition, or the salt is formed within and is present in the composition as such.
  • the organic acid and basic amine e.g., nicotine
  • the organic acid and basic amine are present as individual components in the composition, and form an ion pair upon contact with moisture (e.g., saliva in the mouth of the consumer).
  • the organic acid is added as the free acid, either neat (i.e., native solid or liquid form) or as a solution in, e.g., water, to the other composition components.
  • the alkali metal salt of the organic acid is added, either neat or as a solution in, e.g., water, to the other composition components.
  • the organic acid and the basic amine e.g., nicotine
  • the organic acid and the basic amine are combined to form a salt, either before addition to the composition, or the salt is formed within and is present in the composition as such.
  • the organic acid and basic amine e.g., nicotine
  • the organic acid and basic amine are present as individual components in the composition, and form an ion pair upon contact with moisture (e.g., saliva in the mouth of the consumer).
  • the oral composition comprises nicotine benzoate and sodium benzoate, wherein at least a portion of the nicotine and benzoate ions present are in an ion paired form.
  • the composition comprises nicotine benzoate, sodium benzoate, and an organic acid, an alkali metal salt of an organic acid, or a combination thereof, the organic acid having a logP value from about 1 to about 12, wherein the organic acid is a monoester of a dicarboxylic acid or is a carotenoid derivative having one or more carboxylic acids.
  • the oral composition further comprises a solubility enhancer to increase the solubility of one or more of the organic acid or salt thereof.
  • Suitable solubility enhancers include, but are not limited to, humectants as described herein, such as glycerol or propylene glycol.
  • the active ingredient comprises one or more cannabinoids.
  • cannabinoid refers to a class of diverse chemical compounds that acts on cannabinoid receptors, also known as the endocannabinoid system, in cells that alter neurotransmitter release in the brain. Ligands for these receptor proteins include the endocannabinoids produced naturally in the body by animals; phytocannabinoids, found in cannabis; and synthetic cannabinoids, manufactured artificially.
  • Cannabinoids found in cannabis include, without limitation: cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabinodiol (CBDL), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabivarin (CBV), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabichromevarin (CBCV), cannabigerovarin (CBGV), cannabigerol monomethyl ether (CBGM), cannabinerolic acid, cannabidiolic acid (CBD A), cannabinol propyl variant (CBNV), cannabitriol (CBO), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), and tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCV A).
  • CBD cannabigerol
  • the cannabinoid is selected from tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, and/or cannabidiol (CBD) another major constituent of the plant, but which is devoid of psychoactivity. All of the above compounds can be used in the form of an isolate from plant material or synthetically derived.
  • the cannabinoid e.g., CBD
  • CBD cannabinoid
  • An isolate is an extract from a plant, such as cannabis, where the active material of interest (in this case the cannabinoid, such as CBD) is present in a high degree of purity, for example greater than 95%, greater than 96%, greater than 97%, greater than 98%, or around 99% purity.
  • the cannabinoid is an isolate of CBD in a high degree of purity, and the amount of any other cannabinoid in the composition is no greater than about 1% by weight of the composition, such as no greater than about 0.5% by weight of the composition, such as no greater than about 0.1% by weight of the composition, such as no greater than about 0.01% by weight of the composition.
  • the active ingredient can be a cannabimimetic, which is a class of compounds derived from plants other than cannabis that have biological effects on the endocannabinoid system similar to cannabinoids.
  • cannabimimetic is a class of compounds derived from plants other than cannabis that have biological effects on the endocannabinoid system similar to cannabinoids. Examples include yangonin, alpha-amyrin or beta-amyrin (also classified as terpenes), cyanidin, curcumin (tumeric), catechin, quercetin, salvinorin A, N-acylethanolamines, and N-alkylamide lipids.
  • a cannabinoid e.g., CBD
  • cannabimimetic is typically in a concentration of at least about 0.1% by weight of the composition, such as in a range from about 0.1% to about 30%, such as, e.g., from about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5% about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, or about 0.9%, to about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, or about 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the choice of cannabinoid and the particular percentages thereof which may be present within the disclosed composition will vary depending upon the desired flavor, texture, and other characteristics of the composition.
  • terpenes Active ingredients suitable for use in the present disclosure can also be classified as terpenes, many of which are associated with biological effects, such as calming effects.
  • Terpenes are understood to have the general formula of (CTHs),, and include monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes.
  • CTHs general formula of
  • Terpenes can be acyclic, monocyclic or bicyclic in structure.
  • Examples include beta-caryophyllene, linalool, limonene, betacitronellol, linalyl acetate, pinene (alpha or beta), geraniol, carvone, eucalyptol, menthone, iso-menthone, piperitone, myrcene, beta-bourbonene, and germacrene, which may be used singly or in combination.
  • the terpene is a terpene derivable from a phytocannabinoid producing plant, such as a plant from the strain of the cannabis sativa species, such as hemp.
  • Suitable terpenes in this regard include so-called “CIO” terpenes, which are those terpenes comprising 10 carbon atoms, and so-called “C15” terpenes, which are those terpenes comprising 15 carbon atoms.
  • the active ingredient comprises more than one terpene.
  • the active ingredient may comprise one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more terpenes as defined herein.
  • the terpene is selected from pinene (alpha and beta), geraniol, linalool, limonene, carvone, eucalyptol, menthone, iso-menthone, piperitone, myrcene, beta-bourbonene, germacrene and mixtures thereof.
  • the active ingredient comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
  • API can be any known agent adapted for therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic use. These can include, for example, synthetic organic compounds, proteins and peptides, polysaccharides and other sugars, lipids, phospholipids, inorganic compounds (e.g., magnesium, selenium, zinc, nitrate), neurotransmitters or precursors thereof (e.g., serotonin, 5 -hydroxy tryptophan, oxitriptan, acetylcholine, dopamine, melatonin), and nucleic acid sequences, having therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic activity.
  • synthetic organic compounds proteins and peptides, polysaccharides and other sugars, lipids, phospholipids, inorganic compounds (e.g., magnesium, selenium, zinc, nitrate), neurotransmitters or precursors thereof (e.g., serotonin, 5 -hydroxy tryptophan, oxitriptan, ace
  • Non-limiting examples of APIs include analgesics and antipyretics (e.g., acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, 3-(4- isobutylphenyl)propanoic acid), phosphatidylserine, myoinositol, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, Omega-3), arachidonic acid (AA, Omega-6), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), citicoline (cytidine-5'-diphosphate-choline), and cotinine.
  • the active ingredient comprises citicoline.
  • the active ingredient is a combination of citicoline, caffeine, theanine, and ginseng. In some embodiments, the active ingredient comprises sunflower lecithin. In some embodiments, the active ingredient is a combination of sunflower lecithin, caffeine, theanine, and ginseng.
  • an API when present, is typically at a concentration of from about 0.00 l%w/w to about 10% by weight, such as, e.g., from about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5% about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, or about 1%, to about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, or about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the composition is substantially free of any API.
  • substantially free of any API means that the composition does not contain, and specifically excludes, the presence of any API as defined herein, such as any Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved therapeutic agent intended to treat any medical condition.
  • FDA Food and Drug Administration
  • the composition may include a tobacco material.
  • the tobacco material can vary in species, type, and form. Generally, the tobacco material is obtained from for a harvested plant of the Nicotiana species.
  • Example Nicotiana species include N. tabacum, N. rustica, N. alata, N. arentsii, N. excelsior, N. forgetiana, N. glauca, N. glutinosa, N. gossei, N. kawakamii, N. knightiana, N. langsdorffi, N. otophora, N. setchelli, N. sylvestris, N. tomentosa, N. tomentosiformis, N. undulata, N.
  • N. africana N. amplexicaulis, N. benavidesii, N. bonariensis, N. debneyi, N. longiflora, N. maritina, N. megalosiphon, N. occidentalis, N. paniculate, N. plumbaginifolia, N. raimondii, N. rosulata, N. simulans, N. stocktonii, N. suaveolens, N. umbratica, N. velutina, N. wigandioides, N. acaulis, N. acuminate, N. atenuate, N. benthamiana, N. cavicola, N. clevelandii, N.
  • Nicotiana species from which suitable tobacco materials can be obtained can be derived using genetic-modification or crossbreeding techniques (e.g., tobacco plants can be genetically engineered or crossbred to increase or decrease production of components, characteristics or attributes). See, for example, the types of genetic modifications of plants set forth in US Pat. Nos. 5,539,093 to Fitzmaurice et al.; 5,668,295 to Wahab et al.; 5,705,624 to Fitzmaurice et al.; 5,844,119 to Weigl; 6,730,832 to Dominguez et al.; 7,173,170 to Liu et al.; 7,208,659 to Colliver et al.
  • the Nicotiana species can, in some embodiments, be selected for the content of various compounds that are present therein. For example, plants can be selected on the basis that those plants produce relatively high quantities of one or more of the compounds desired to be isolated therefrom.
  • plants of the Nicotiana species e.g., Galpao commun tobacco
  • the plant of the Nicotiana species can be included within a mixture as disclosed herein.
  • virtually all of the plant e.g., the whole plant
  • various parts or pieces of the plant can be harvested or separated for further use after harvest.
  • the flower, leaves, stem, stalk, roots, seeds, and various combinations thereof, can be isolated for further use or treatment.
  • the tobacco material comprises tobacco leaf (lamina).
  • the mixture disclosed herein can include processed tobacco parts or pieces, cured and aged tobacco in essentially natural lamina and/or stem form, a tobacco extract, extracted tobacco pulp (e.g., using water as a solvent), or a mixture of the foregoing (e.g., a mixture that combines extracted tobacco pulp with granulated cured and aged natural tobacco lamina).
  • the tobacco material comprises solid tobacco material selected from the group consisting of lamina and stems.
  • the tobacco that is used for the mixture typically includes tobacco lamina, or a tobacco lamina and stem mixture (of which at least a portion is smoke-treated). Portions of the tobaccos within the mixture may have processed forms, such as processed tobacco stems (e.g., cut-rolled stems, cut-rolled-expanded stems or cut-puffed stems), or volume expanded tobacco (e.g., puffed tobacco, such as dry ice expanded tobacco (DIET)). See, for example, the tobacco expansion processes set forth in US Pat. Nos.
  • the d mixture optionally may incorporate tobacco that has been fermented. See, also, the types of tobacco processing techniques set forth in PCT W02005/063060 to Atchley et al., which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the tobacco material is typically used in a form that can be described as particulate (i.e., shredded, ground, granulated, or powder form).
  • the manner by which the tobacco material is provided in a finely divided or powder type of form may vary.
  • Plant parts or pieces are typically comminuted, ground or pulverized into a particulate form using equipment and techniques for grinding, milling, or the like.
  • the plant material is typically relatively dry in form during grinding or milling, using equipment such as hammer mills, cutter heads, air control mills, or the like.
  • tobacco parts or pieces may be ground or milled when the moisture content thereof is less than about 15 weight percent or less than about 5 weight percent.
  • the tobacco material is sometimes employed in the form of parts or pieces that have an average particle size between 1.4 millimeters and 250 microns.
  • the tobacco particles may be sized to pass through a screen mesh to obtain the particle size range required.
  • air classification equipment may be used to ensure that small sized tobacco particles of the desired sizes, or range of sizes, may be collected.
  • differently sized pieces of granulated tobacco may be mixed together.
  • tobacco materials that can be employed include flue-cured or Virginia (e.g., K326), burley, sun-cured (e.g., Indian Kumool and Oriental tobaccos, including Katerini, Prelip, Komotini, Xanthi and Yambol tobaccos), Maryland, dark, dark-fired, dark air cured (e.g., Madole, Passanda, Cubano, Jatin and Bezuki tobaccos), light air cured (e.g., North Wisconsin and Galpao tobaccos), Indian air cured, Red Russian and Rustica tobaccos, as well as various other rare or specialty tobaccos and various blends of any of the foregoing tobaccos.
  • the tobacco material may also have a so-called "blended" form.
  • the tobacco material may include a mixture of parts or pieces of flue-cured, burley (e.g., Malawi burley tobacco) and Oriental tobaccos (e.g., as tobacco composed of, or derived from, tobacco lamina, or a mixture of tobacco lamina and tobacco stem).
  • a representative blend may incorporate about 30 to about 70 parts burley tobacco (e.g., lamina, or lamina and stem), and about 30 to about 70 parts flue cured tobacco (e.g., stem, lamina, or lamina and stem) on a dry weight basis.
  • example tobacco blends incorporate about 75 parts flue-cured tobacco, about 15 parts burley tobacco, and about 10 parts Oriental tobacco; or about 65 parts flue-cured tobacco, about 25 parts burley tobacco, and about 10 parts Oriental tobacco; or about 65 parts flue-cured tobacco, about 10 parts burley tobacco, and about 25 parts Oriental tobacco; on a dry weight basis.
  • Other example tobacco blends incorporate about 20 to about 30 parts Oriental tobacco and about 70 to about 80 parts flue-cured tobacco on a dry weight basis.
  • Tobacco materials used in the present disclosure can be subjected to, for example, fermentation, bleaching, and the like.
  • the tobacco materials can be, for example, irradiated, pasteurized, or otherwise subjected to controlled heat treatment.
  • controlled heat treatment processes are detailed, for example, in US Pat. No. 8,061,362 to Mua et al., which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • tobacco materials can be treated with water and an additive capable of inhibiting reaction of asparagine to form acrylamide upon heating of the tobacco material (e.g., an additive selected from the group consisting of lysine, glycine, histidine, alanine, methionine, cysteine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, phenylalanine, valine, arginine, compositions incorporating di- and trivalent cations, asparaginase, certain non-reducing saccharides, certain reducing agents, phenolic compounds, certain compounds having at least one free thiol group or functionality, oxidizing agents, oxidation catalysts, natural plant extracts (e.g., rosemary extract), and combinations thereof.
  • an additive selected from the group consisting of lysine, glycine, histidine, alanine, methionine, cysteine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, phenylalanine, valine, arginine, compositions incorporating di
  • the type of tobacco material is selected such that it is initially visually lighter in color than other tobacco materials to some degree (e.g., whitened or bleached).
  • Tobacco pulp can be whitened in some embodiments according to any means known in the art.
  • bleached tobacco material produced by various whitening methods using various bleaching or oxidizing agents and oxidation catalysts can be used.
  • Example oxidizing agents include peroxides (e.g., hydrogen peroxide), chlorite salts, chlorate salts, perchlorate salts, hypochlorite salts, ozone, ammonia, potassium permanganate, and combinations thereof.
  • Example oxidation catalysts are titanium dioxide, manganese dioxide, and combinations thereof.
  • the whitened tobacco material can have an ISO brightness of at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, or at least about 80%. In some embodiments, the whitened tobacco material can have an ISO brightness in the range of about 50% to about 90%, about 55% to about 75%, or about 60% to about 70%. ISO brightness can be measured according to ISO 3688:1999 or ISO 2470-1:2016.
  • the whitened tobacco material can be characterized as lightened in color (e.g., "whitened") in comparison to an untreated tobacco material.
  • White colors are often defined with reference to the International Commission on Illumination's (CIE's) chromaticity diagram.
  • CIE's International Commission on Illumination's
  • the whitened tobacco material can, in some embodiments, be characterized as closer on the chromaticity diagram to pure white than an untreated tobacco material.
  • the tobacco material can be treated to extract a soluble component of the tobacco material therefrom.
  • tobacco extract refers to the isolated components of a tobacco material that are extracted from solid tobacco pulp by a solvent that is brought into contact with the tobacco material in an extraction process.
  • extraction techniques of tobacco materials can be used to provide a tobacco extract and tobacco solid material. See, for example, the extraction processes described in US Pat. Appl. Pub. No. 2011/0247640 to Beeson et al., which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Other example techniques for extracting components of tobacco are described in US Pat. Nos. 4,144,895 to Fiore; 4,150,677 to Osborne, Jr.
  • Typical inclusion ranges for tobacco materials can vary depending on the nature and type of the tobacco material, and the intended effect on the final composition, with an example range of up to about 30% by weight (or up to about 20% by weight or up to about 10% by weight or up to about 5% by weight), based on total weight of the mixture (e.g., about 0.1 to about 15% by weight).
  • a tobacco material e.g., a whitened tobacco material
  • is included in a relatively small amount e.g., about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight).
  • additives can be included in the disclosed composition.
  • the composition can be processed, blended, formulated, combined and/or mixed with other materials or ingredients.
  • the additives can be artificial, or can be obtained or derived from herbal or biological sources.
  • further types of additives include additional thickening or gelling agents (e.g., fish gelatin), emulsifiers, preservatives (e.g., potassium sorbate and the like), zinc or magnesium salts selected to be relatively water soluble for compositions with greater water solubility (e.g., magnesium or zinc gluconate) or selected to be relatively water insoluble for compositions with reduced water solubility (e.g., magnesium or zinc oxide), disintegration aids, or combinations thereof.
  • additional thickening or gelling agents e.g., fish gelatin
  • emulsifiers e.g., preservatives (e.g., potassium sorbate and the like)
  • zinc or magnesium salts selected to be relatively water soluble for compositions with greater water solubility
  • Typical inclusion ranges for such additional additives can vary depending on the nature and function of the additive and the intended effect on the final composition, with an example range of up to about 10% by weight, based on total weight of the composition (e.g., about 0.1 to about 5% by weight).
  • the aforementioned additives can be employed together (e.g., as additive formulations) or separately (e.g., individual additive components can be added at different stages involved in the preparation of the final composition). Furthermore, the aforementioned types of additives may be encapsulated as provided in the final product. Example encapsulated additives are described, for example, in WO2010/132444 to Atchley, which has been previously incorporated by reference herein.
  • the oral composition can by associated with a porous sponge.
  • porous sponge refers to a material with a large pore volume typically capable of liquid absorption and characterized by resilience.
  • the sponge can be constructed of various materials, including cellulose, synthetic polymers such as polyethylene, polyurethane, or Plastazote® crosslinked polyethylene, rubber materials such as EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer), PVC/nitrile or neoprene rubber, silicone, and the like.
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • PVC/nitrile or neoprene rubber silicone, and the like.
  • the remainder of the disclosure focuses on cellulose sponge materials. However, the various characteristics and parameters associated with cellulose sponges herein could also apply to other sponge materials.
  • Cellulose sponges can be formed using any method known in the art.
  • the sponge material includes a regenerated cellulose material.
  • regenerated cellulose can be formed by extracting non-cellulosic compounds from wood, contacting the extracted wood with caustic soda, followed by carbon disulfide and then by sodium hydroxide, giving a viscous solution.
  • Example methods for the preparation of regenerated cellulose are provided in U.S. Pat. No. 4,237,274 to Leoni et al; U.S. Pat. No. 4,268,666 to Baldini et al; U.S. Pat. No. 4,252,766 to Baldini et al.; U.S. Pat. No.
  • Regenerated cellulose sponges are typically formed using a mixture of a regenerated cellulose solution formed as noted above, reinforcing fibers such as linen, jute, cotton, regenerated cellulose fibers and the like, and an inorganic pore-forming agent.
  • this mixture is a viscous solution containing from 5 to 8 % by weight of cellulose, 6 to 100 % by weight reinforcing fibers, based on the weight of the cellulose, and 900 to 2500 % by weight of the inorganic pore-forming agent, based on the weight of the cellulose.
  • the pore-forming agent is generally comprised of crystals of sodium sulfate decahydrate or other alkali metal salts high in water of crystallization, such as sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium carbonate decahydrate, trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, disodium phosphate dodecahydrate, potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate and the like.
  • the final pore size will be dependent upon the size of the pore-forming agent crystals.
  • a colorant such as a dye or pigment, can be added to the mixture as well, or added to the sponge after formation thereof, such as by spraying the colorant on the sponge or dipping the sponge into a colorant solution.
  • the mixture is then introduced into desired molds or extruded through desired shaped orifices and heated such that the cellulosic solution coagulates and regenerates, and the pore-forming agent is melted.
  • the shaped mass is subjected to washing with water to remove the soluble salt and other constituents, optionally desulphurized, optionally bleached, and optionally treated with a solution of a plasticizer such as glycerol or propylene glycol.
  • a plasticizer such as glycerol or propylene glycol.
  • the shape and size of the sponge can vary without departing from the present disclosure.
  • the cellulose sponge, in cross-section can have a circular, rectangular, square, oval, triangular, or multilobal shape.
  • the size should be suitable for insertion into the oral cavity.
  • the cellulose sponge will typically have a density in the range of about 20 to about 60 kg/ m 3 .
  • the cellulose sponge is typically highly absorbent, with embodiments exhibiting the ability to absorb as much as 20 times the dry weight of the cellulose sponge (e.g., about 10 to about 20 times the dry weight).
  • Example pore size ranges include about 4 nm to about 1000 microns, such as about 1 to about 500 microns or about 1 to about 100 microns.
  • the cellulose sponge (and oral products made therewith) provided herein is biodegradable and/or compostable.
  • biodegradable as used in reference to a plastic material refers to a polymer that degrades under aerobic and/or anaerobic conditions in the presence of bacteria, fungi, algae, and/or other microorganisms into carbon dioxide/methane, water and biomass, although materials containing heteroatoms can also yield other products such as ammonia or sulfur dioxide.
  • Biomass generally refers to the portion of the metabolized materials incorporated into the cellular structure of the organisms present or converted to humus fractions indistinguishable from material of biological origin.
  • compostable is meant that the material is designed to biodegrade in the conditions of a composter (e.g., at lower temperatures than industrial compositing plants) and by “oxo-degradable” is meant that the material (which typically comprises suitable additives) fragments into microplastics or chemically decomposes through oxidation.
  • Biodegradation can be evaluated, e.g., by weight loss of the oral product over time.
  • 100% biodegradation of all biodegradable components is obtained over a period of less than 10 years, less than 5 years, less than 2 years, less than 1 year, or less than 6 months at ambient temperature (e.g., 20 °C) and aerobic conditions; it is understood that such times will be decreased with exposure to elevated temperatures.
  • Certain oral products provided herein successfully test as “biodegradable” according to the ASTM standards mentioned herein (e.g., according to one or more of ASTM D5338, ASTM D5511, ASTM D5526, ASTM D5988, ASTM D6400, and ASTM D6691), and/or to “Readily Biodegradability” standards according to OECD 3018B.
  • the cellulose sponge and/or oral products provided herein can be described as being substantially (or wholly) free of TiO2.
  • substantially free is meant that no TiO2 has been intentionally added.
  • some embodiments can be characterized as having less than 0.001% by weight of TiO2, or less than 0.0001%, or even 0% by weight of TiOi.
  • the cellulose sponge is treated with an oral composition.
  • the oral composition may include various components, such as active ingredients, flavorants, fillers, binders, humectants, sweeteners, salts, and the like.
  • Example oral composition components are set forth within this disclosure.
  • the oral composition can be associated with the cellulose sponge in various ways.
  • the cellulose sponge can be treated with a powder, solution, or slurry comprising the oral composition by, for example, soaking the cellulose sponge in the oral composition or spraying the oral composition onto the sponge.
  • the oral composition is in the form of one or more capsules (such as microcapsules) containing an internal payload that includes at least one component (e.g., an active ingredient or flavorant) intended to be delivered to the oral cavity.
  • the capsules could be included in a slurry used to treat the cellulose sponge.
  • the oral composition could be added during formation of the cellulose sponge material, such as by mixing the oral composition with the viscous cellulose solution prior to the molding step noted above. In this manner, the oral composition is carried by the cellulose sponge through one or more of surface coating and absorption within the pores of the cellulose sponge.
  • the oral composition is absorbed and/or adsorbed within the sponge material, wherein absorption is understood to relate to the process by which the oral composition, typically in liquid form, is drawn into the porous structure of the sponge, and adsorption is understood to relate to gathering of the oral composition as a surface layer on the sponge material.
  • the apparatus further includes equipment for supplying pouched material to the continuous tubular member such that, when the continuous tubular member is subdivided and sealed into discrete pouch portions, each pouch portion includes a charge of a composition adapted for oral use.
  • Representative equipment for supplying the filler material is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2010/0018539 to Brinkley, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • the apparatus may include a subdividing unit for subdividing the continuous tubular member into individual pouch portions and, once subdivided into the individual pouch portions, may also include a sealing unit for sealing at least one of the ends of each pouch portion.
  • the continuous tubular member may be sealed into individual pouch portions with a sealing unit and then, once the individual pouch portions are sealed, the continuous tubular member may be subdivided into discrete individual pouch portions by a subdividing unit subdividing the continuous tubular member between the sealed ends of serially -disposed pouch portions. Still in other instances, sealing (closing) of the individual pouch portions of the continuous tubular member may occur substantially concurrently with the subdivision thereof, using a closing and dividing unit.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un produit en sachet qui comprend un sachet externe perméable à l'eau définissant une cavité ; et une composition contenant au moins un composant hydrosoluble à l'intérieur de la cavité, le sachet externe perméable à l'eau comprenant un matériau fibreux ayant, en section transversale, un gradient de différents diamètres de fibre. Le sachet externe perméable à l'eau peut comprendre une pluralité de couches fibreuses, chacune des couches fibreuses comprenant une pluralité de fibres, et chaque couche fibreuse peut comprendre des fibres ayant une taille de fibre différente, telle qu'un diamètre de fibre moyen différent. Le gradient de tailles de fibre peut fournir un effet de mèche à travers la section transversale du matériau de sachet en raison d'une action capillaire.
PCT/IB2024/062831 2023-12-20 2024-12-18 Sachet de modification de diffusion pour produits destinés à être utilisés par voie orale Pending WO2025133944A1 (fr)

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