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WO2025121260A1 - Film d'électrode, substrat de production d'énergie, cellule solaire organique et système de production d'énergie photovoltaïque - Google Patents

Film d'électrode, substrat de production d'énergie, cellule solaire organique et système de production d'énergie photovoltaïque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025121260A1
WO2025121260A1 PCT/JP2024/042337 JP2024042337W WO2025121260A1 WO 2025121260 A1 WO2025121260 A1 WO 2025121260A1 JP 2024042337 W JP2024042337 W JP 2024042337W WO 2025121260 A1 WO2025121260 A1 WO 2025121260A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrode film
photoelectric conversion
layer
support
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Application number
PCT/JP2024/042337
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
晃次郎 大川
文裕 荒川
智樹 山肩
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2025121260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025121260A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D64/00—Electrodes of devices having potential barriers
    • H10D64/20—Electrodes characterised by their shapes, relative sizes or dispositions 
    • H10D64/27—Electrodes not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched, e.g. gates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/80—Constructional details
    • H10K30/81—Electrodes
    • H10K30/82—Transparent electrodes, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO] electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/80—Constructional details
    • H10K30/81—Electrodes
    • H10K30/82—Transparent electrodes, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO] electrodes
    • H10K30/83—Transparent electrodes, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO] electrodes comprising arrangements for extracting the current from the cell, e.g. metal finger grid systems to reduce the serial resistance of transparent electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
    • H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/50—Organic perovskites; Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/10—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to electrode films, power generation substrates, organic solar cells, and solar power generation systems.
  • Photovoltaic power generation systems are known as a power generation method that places little strain on the environment. Photovoltaic power generation systems use multiple solar cells. Solar cells convert light into electricity. There are inorganic solar cells and organic solar cells. Organic solar cells have the advantage of low manufacturing costs.
  • organic solar cells there is a demand for efficient conversion of incident light into electricity.
  • conventional organic solar cells there is room for improvement in converting incident light into electricity near the electrode.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to provide an electrode film that can improve the efficiency of converting incident light into electricity in an organic solar cell.
  • the electrode film of the present disclosure is an electrode film used in the manufacture of an organic solar cell, A support; An electrode supported by the support; and a stress relief layer disposed between the support and the electrode.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a photovoltaic power generation system having an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an example of an electrode film.
  • FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of another example of an electrode film.
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of another example of an electrode film.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of an example of an electrode.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a power generation substrate.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the power generation substrate.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 and is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the organic solar cell and the photovoltaic power generation system.
  • the normal direction of a sheet-like member refers to the normal direction to the sheet surface of the target sheet-like member.
  • sheet surface refers to the surface that coincides with the target sheet-like member when the target sheet-like member is viewed overall and from a global perspective. The same applies when “sheet” is read as “film” or "plate,” etc.
  • the parameter when multiple upper limit value candidates and multiple lower limit value candidates are given for a parameter, the parameter may be a numerical range that combines any one of the upper limit value candidates and any one of the lower limit value candidates.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure relates to the following [1] to [23].
  • An electrode film for use in the manufacture of an organic solar cell comprising: A support; An electrode supported by the support; and a stress relief layer disposed between the support and the electrode.
  • An electrode film for use in the manufacture of an organic solar cell comprising: A support; an electrode supported by the support; An electrode film, wherein the electrodes are formed by a plurality of linear conductors extending to define openings.
  • the electrode film according to [2] or [3], wherein the linear conductor has a line width that decreases with increasing distance from the support.
  • [11] Further comprising a seed crystal for forming a photoelectric conversion layer of an organic solar cell; the seed crystal comprises an organic material;
  • the electrode is formed by a plurality of linear conductors extending to define an opening; a transparent conductive layer disposed at least in the opening and connected to the linear conductor;
  • a carrier transport layer is further provided on the opposite side of the electrode from the support, The electrode film according to [11] or [12], wherein the seed crystal is held in the carrier transport layer.
  • An electrode; a photoelectric conversion layer electrically connected to the electrode; The photoelectric conversion layer includes an organic material, The power generating substrate, wherein the electrodes include conductive nanowires.
  • An organic solar cell according to any one of [22] and A circuit connecting a plurality of the organic solar cells.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a solar power generation system according to an embodiment.
  • the solar power generation system 1 supplies power when irradiated with light.
  • the solar power generation system 1 converts light energy into electrical energy.
  • the solar power generation system 1 supplies power not only from sunlight, but also from illumination light, image light, and the like.
  • the solar power generation system 1 includes a substrate 3, a circuit 5, and a plurality of organic solar cells 10.
  • the solar power generation system 1 supplies power generated when the organic solar cells 10 are irradiated with light via the circuit 5 to a device that consumes power (not shown) and a storage battery that stores power.
  • the substrate 3 supports the circuit 5 and the organic solar cell 10.
  • the substrate 3 is plate-shaped.
  • the thickness of the substrate 3 may be 1 ⁇ m or more, 25 ⁇ m or more, 10 mm or less, or 500 ⁇ m or less.
  • the substrate 3 is an insulator.
  • the material of the substrate 3 may be an inorganic material such as glass, a plastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, cycloolefin polymer, polyimide, or a composite material such as a nanocomposite.
  • the circuit 5 electrically connects the organic solar cells 10 with each other, and also connects the organic solar cells 10 with a device that consumes power (not shown) or a storage battery that stores power. Between two organic solar cells 10, the circuit 5 includes a first connection portion 6 and a second connection portion 7. The first connection portion 6 and the second connection portion 7 are connected to each other. The first connection portion 6 is connected to an electrode 40 of the organic solar cell 10 (described later). The second connection portion 7 is connected to a second electrode 60 of the organic solar cell 10 (described later). The first connection portion 6 and the second connection portion 7 connect adjacent organic solar cells 10. The power generated in the organic solar cell 10 is transmitted through the circuit 5. The circuit 5 extends linearly. The circuit 5 is made of a conductive material such as copper. A diode may be arranged in the circuit 5. The diode bypasses an organic solar cell 10 that is unable to generate power due to the influence of a shadow, a malfunction, or the like in the circuit 5.
  • visible light transmittance is specified as the average value of the total light transmittance at each wavelength when measured in 1 nm increments in the measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation's "UV-3600i Plus", compliant with JIS K0115).
  • the angle of incidence when measuring visible light transmittance is set to 0° unless a specific transmission direction is specified.
  • the angle of incidence is the angle between the normal to the incident surface and the traveling direction of the incident light, and is less than 90°.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic solar cell 10.
  • the organic solar cell 10 includes a first surface 10A and a second surface 10B opposite to the first surface 10A.
  • the first surface 10A and the second surface 10B are a pair of plate surfaces of the organic solar cell 10.
  • the organic solar cell 10 is in contact with the substrate 3 at the first surface 10A.
  • the organic solar cell 10 includes, in this order from the first surface 10A to the second surface 10B, a hard coat layer 37, a support 31, a barrier layer 36, a stress relaxation layer 32, an electrode 40, a transparent conductive layer 33, a carrier transport layer 34, a photoelectric conversion layer 25, a second carrier transport layer 54, and a second electrode 60.
  • the second electrode 60 is disposed on the opposite side of the photoelectric conversion layer 25 to the electrode 40.
  • the electrode 40 and the second electrode 60 are disposed facing each other.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 is disposed between the electrode 40 and the second electrode 60.
  • the perovskite compound may have various compositions depending on the type of ligand and central metal.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 containing a perovskite compound contains lead so as to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the perovskite compound may be, for example, CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , CH(NH 2 ) 2 PbI 3 , Cs 0.05 (FA 0.85 MA 0.15 ) 0.95 Pb (I 0.89 Br 0.11 ) 3 , Cs 0.1 FA 0.6 MA 0.3 Sn 0.5 Pb 0.5 I 3 , or CsPbCl 3.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 may be made of a high-purity perovskite compound.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 may contain 98% by mass or more of the perovskite compound, or 99% by mass or more.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 containing an organic material can generate electric power by absorbing visible light having a wavelength of, for example, 410 nm or more and 700 nm or less.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 containing an organic material can also generate electric power by light having a lower illuminance than sunlight, for example, illumination light or image light.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 containing an organic material is more likely to generate electric power by light from a direction inclined with respect to the normal direction of the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the photoelectric conversion layer 25 may be transparent. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the photoelectric conversion layer 25 may be 10% or more, or 30% or more.
  • the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer 25 may be 0.05 ⁇ m or more, 100 ⁇ m or less, or 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the organic solar cell 10 is manufactured using an electrode film 30 as shown in Figures 3, 4A, and 4B.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the electrode film 30, and
  • Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view of another example of the electrode film 30.
  • Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of another example of the electrode film 30.
  • the electrode film 30 will be described below.
  • the electrode film 30 includes a third surface 30A and a fourth surface 30B opposite to the third surface 30A.
  • the third surface 30A and the fourth surface 30B are a pair of film surfaces of the electrode film 30.
  • the electrode film 30 includes, from the third surface 30A toward the fourth surface 30B, a hard coat layer 37, a support 31, a barrier layer 36, a stress relaxation layer 32, an electrode 40, a transparent conductive layer 33, a carrier transport layer 34, and a plurality of seed crystals 35.
  • the transparent conductive layer 33 is omitted in the electrode film 30.
  • the electrode film 30 in the example shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B may also include the transparent conductive layer 33.
  • the support 31 supports the hard coat layer 37, the barrier layer 36, the stress relaxation layer 32, the electrode 40, the transparent conductive layer 33, and the carrier transport layer 34 in the electrode film 30.
  • the support 31 is in the form of a film.
  • the thickness of the support 31 may be 1 ⁇ m or more, 25 ⁇ m or more, or 500 ⁇ m or less.
  • the support 31 is an insulator.
  • the material of the support 31 may be polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, cyclic polyolefin, a thin glass sheet, or an organic-inorganic nanocomposite sheet.
  • the electrode 40 extracts electrons that have moved from the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the electrode 40 may be transparent. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the electrode 40 may be 75% or more, or 85% or more.
  • the thickness of the electrode 40 may be 5 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 3000 nm or less, or 150 nm or less.
  • the electrode 40 may include a plurality of linear conductors 41.
  • the linear conductors 41 extend to define the openings 43. That is, the electrode 40 may be mesh-shaped.
  • the line width of the linear conductors 41 may be 0.1 ⁇ m or more, or 100 ⁇ m or less.
  • the pitch P of the openings 43 may be 0.4 ⁇ m or more, or 500 ⁇ m or less.
  • the line width of the linear conductors 41 may decrease as it moves away from the support 31. In other words, the linear conductors 41 may be tapered.
  • the material of the electrode 40 and the linear conductors 41 may be a metal having electrical conductivity.
  • the metal may be any of metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum, nickel, and chromium, or an alloy of these metals.
  • the material of the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 is preferably copper or a copper alloy.
  • the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 may be a single layer or a multilayer.
  • the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 may contain a binder resin and conductive nanowires held by the binder resin. A portion of the conductive nanowires protrudes from the binder resin.
  • the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 are conductive from their surfaces to their interiors.
  • the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 have conductive nanowires connected to each other inside.
  • the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 are conductive as a whole. Even if the amount of conductive nanowires is small, the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 can efficiently have conductivity.
  • the binder resin protects the conductive nanowires while holding the conductive nanowires and preventing the conductive nanowires from detaching.
  • the binder resin is flexible.
  • the binder resin is stretchable.
  • the thickness of the binder resin may be 10 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 90 nm or more, 300 nm or less, 200 nm or less, or 180 nm or less. If the thickness of the binder resin is not too thick, a part of the conductive nanowires can easily protrude from the binder resin. If the thickness of the binder resin is not too thin, the binder resin can properly hold and protect the conductive nanowires.
  • the thickness of the binder resin is determined by the following method. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), or transmission electron microscope (TEM), an image is obtained by observing the cross section of the binder resin at 1,000 to 500,000 magnifications. The thickness of the binder resin is measured at 10 random locations in the obtained image. The average of the measured thicknesses is determined as the thickness of the binder resin. The thickness of the binder resin in the obtained image is measured using the image processing software "ImageJ.”
  • the binder resin material may be a polymer of a polymerizable compound or a solvent-drying type resin.
  • the polymerizable compound may be an ionizing radiation polymerizable compound and/or a thermally polymerizable compound.
  • An ionizing radiation polymerizable compound has at least one ionizing radiation polymerizable functional group in one molecule.
  • an "ionizing radiation polymerizable functional group” is a functional group that can undergo a polymerization reaction when irradiated with ionizing radiation.
  • the ionizing radiation polymerizable functional group may be, for example, an ethylenically unsaturated group such as a (meth)acryloyl group, a vinyl group, or an allyl group.
  • (meth)acryloyl group includes both an "acryloyl group” and a “methacryloyl group.”
  • the ionizing radiation irradiated when polymerizing an ionizing radiation polymerizable compound may be visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, electron beams, alpha rays, beta rays, or gamma rays.
  • the ionizing radiation polymerizable compound may be an ionizing radiation polymerizable monomer, an ionizing radiation polymerizable oligomer, or an ionizing radiation polymerizable prepolymer.
  • the ionizing radiation polymerizable compound is preferably a combination of an ionizing radiation polymerizable monomer and an ionizing radiation polymerizable oligomer or an ionizing radiation polymerizable prepolymer.
  • the ionizing radiation polymerizable monomer may be, for example, a monomer containing a hydroxyl group, such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, or 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, or a (meth)acrylic acid ester, such as ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetramethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, trimethylolethane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra(
  • the ionizing radiation polymerizable oligomer is preferably a polyfunctional oligomer having two or more functional groups, and more preferably a polyfunctional oligomer having three or more (trifunctional) ionizing radiation polymerizable functional groups.
  • the polyfunctional oligomer may be, for example, polyester (meth)acrylate, urethane (meth)acrylate, polyester-urethane (meth)acrylate, polyether (meth)acrylate, polyol (meth)acrylate, melamine (meth)acrylate, isocyanurate (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, etc.
  • the ionizing radiation polymerizable prepolymer has a weight average molecular weight of more than 10,000, and preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 80,000, and more preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 40,000. If the weight average molecular weight exceeds 80,000, the viscosity is high, which reduces the coating suitability, and there is a risk of the appearance of the resulting cover resin being deteriorated.
  • the multifunctional prepolymer may be urethane (meth)acrylate, isocyanurate (meth)acrylate, polyester-urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, etc.
  • a thermally polymerizable compound has at least one thermally polymerizable functional group in one molecule.
  • a "thermally polymerizable functional group” is a functional group that can undergo a polymerization reaction with the same functional groups or with other functional groups by heating.
  • the thermally polymerizable functional group may be a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an isocyanate group, an amino group, a cyclic ether group, a mercapto group, etc.
  • the thermally polymerizable compound may be, for example, an epoxy compound, a polyol compound, an isocyanate compound, a melamine compound, a urea compound, a phenol compound, etc.
  • Solvent-drying resins are resins, such as thermoplastic resins, that become a coating simply by drying the solvent added to adjust the solid content during coating. When a solvent-drying resin is added, coating defects on the coating surface of the coating liquid can be effectively prevented when forming the cover resin.
  • the solvent-drying resin may be a thermoplastic resin.
  • the thermoplastic resin may be, for example, a styrene-based resin, a (meth)acrylic resin, a vinyl acetate-based resin, a vinyl ether-based resin, a halogen-containing resin, an alicyclic olefin-based resin, a polycarbonate-based resin, a polyester-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, a cellulose derivative, a silicone-based resin, and a rubber or elastomer.
  • the thermoplastic resin is preferably non-crystalline and soluble in an organic solvent (particularly a common solvent capable of dissolving a plurality of polymers and curable compounds).
  • the thermoplastic resin is preferably a styrene-based resin, a (meth)acrylic resin, an alicyclic olefin-based resin, a polyester-based resin, a cellulose derivative (cellulose esters, etc.), etc.
  • the diameter of the conductive nanowire may be 10 nm or more, 15 nm or more, 200 nm or less, or 180 nm or less. By making the diameter of the conductive nanowire not too large, it is possible to suppress high haze in the electrode 40.
  • the length of the conductive nanowire may be 1 ⁇ m or more, 3 ⁇ m or more, 10 ⁇ m or more, 500 ⁇ m or less, 300 ⁇ m or less, or 30 ⁇ m or less. By making the length of the conductive nanowire not too short, it is possible to improve the conductivity of the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41. By making the length of the conductive nanowire not too long, it is easy to make the electrode 40 transparent.
  • the conductive nanowire may be made of any of metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, nickel, and titanium, or alloys thereof.
  • the conductive nanowire may be made of synthetic fibers such as acrylic fibers coated with metals such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, and titanium, or alloys thereof.
  • the conductive nanowire may contain a plurality of these materials.
  • the diameter and length of the conductive nanowires are determined by the following method.
  • a transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to obtain an image of the cross section of the electrode 40 at 1,000 to 500,000 magnifications.
  • the diameters and lengths of 50 conductive nanowires are measured in the obtained image.
  • the average diameter and average length of the measured conductive nanowires are determined as the diameter and length of the conductive nanowires contained in the electrode.
  • the diameter and thickness of the conductive nanowires in the obtained image are measured using the image processing software "ImageJ".
  • the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 may contain a binder resin and conductive particles held in the binder resin.
  • the electrode 40 and the linear conductor 41 may be made of a conductive paste.
  • the binder resin may have a similar structure to the binder resin that holds the conductive nanowires described above.
  • the material of the conductive particles may be metal particles such as gold, silver, platinum, copper, nickel, tin, aluminum, etc.
  • the conductive particles may be particles in which the surface of core particles such as high resistivity metal particles, resin particles, inorganic particles, etc. is coated with a low resistivity metal such as gold or silver, or may be graphite particles, conductive polymer particles, conductive ceramic particles, etc.
  • the shape of the conductive particles may be various polyhedral shapes such as regular polyhedrons and truncated polyhedrons, spherical, spheroidal, scaly, discoidal, dendritic, fibrous, etc.
  • the average particle diameter of the conductive particles may be 0.01 ⁇ m or more, or 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average particle size of the conductive particles is determined by the following method.
  • a transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to obtain an image of the cross section of the electrode 40 observed at 1,000 to 500,000 magnifications. In the obtained image, the particle sizes of 50 conductive particles are measured. The average of the measured particle sizes of the conductive particles is determined as the average particle size of the conductive particles contained in the electrode. The particle size of the conductive particles in the obtained image is measured using the image processing software "ImageJ".
  • the electrode 40 may be disposed over an entire area of the electrode film 30. In other words, the electrode 40 may be disposed over a certain area of the electrode film 30. The electrode 40 may be disposed over the entire electrode film 30. In other words, the electrode 40 may be disposed over the entire electrode film 30. In an organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30, the electrode 40 may be disposed over an entire area of the organic solar cell 10, or may be disposed over the entire organic solar cell 10.
  • the electrode 40 shown in FIG. 4A includes a binder resin 47 and a plurality of conductive nanowires 45 held by the binder resin 47. The binder resin 47 and the conductive nanowires 45 may have the same configuration as the binder resin and conductive nanowires contained in the mesh-shaped electrode 40 described above.
  • the electrode 40 of the electrode film 30 may include a first portion 48 including a plurality of linear conductors 41 and a second portion 49 disposed over an entire area of the electrode film 30.
  • the description of the electrode 40 of the electrode film 30 shown in FIG. 3 may be applied to the description of the first portion 48, unless there is a contradiction.
  • the first portion 48 may be mesh-shaped.
  • the first portion 48 may be mesh-shaped as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the description of the electrode 40 of the electrode film 30 shown in FIG. 4A may be applied to the description of the second portion 49, unless there is a contradiction.
  • the second portion 49 includes a binder resin 47 and a plurality of conductive nanowires 45 held by the binder resin 47.
  • a portion of the conductive nanowires 45 included in the second portion 49 protrudes from the binder resin 47.
  • the distance between the second portion 49 and the fourth surface 30B is smaller than the distance between the first portion 48 and the fourth surface 30B.
  • the seed crystal 35 is held by the carrier transport layer 34.
  • the second portion 49 and the carrier transport layer 34 are in contact with each other. A part of the conductive nanowire 45 included in the second portion 49 protrudes from the binder resin 47 toward the carrier transport layer 34.
  • the electrode film 30 having the electrode 40 including the first portion 48 and the second portion 49 may further include a transparent conductive layer 33, and the seed crystal 35 may be held in the transparent conductive layer 33.
  • the electrode film 30 shown in FIG. 4B includes a mesh-like first portion 48 and a second portion 49 including a binder resin 47 and a plurality of conductive nanowires 45. A portion of the conductive nanowires 45 protrudes from the binder resin 47 toward the carrier transport layer 34 so as to penetrate into the carrier transport layer 34. The effect of such an electrode film 30 will now be described.
  • the mesh-like first portion 48 is more likely to have high conductivity than the second portion 49, which includes the binder resin 47 and the multiple conductive nanowires 45.
  • the first portion 48 which is more likely to have high conductivity, can serve as the main conductive path.
  • the second portion 49 including the binder resin 47 and the plurality of conductive nanowires 45 is easier to increase the aspect ratio of the conductive portion than the mesh-like first portion 48.
  • the conductive portion can be made into a needle-like structure with a large aspect ratio.
  • the "conductive portion" is the linear conductor 41.
  • the "conductive portion” is the conductive nanowire 45.
  • the second portion 49 can be used to perform efficient current collection from the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the second portion 49 which can perform efficient current collection, can be made to play the role of collecting current from the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the electrode film 30 shown in FIG. 4B has the advantage of easily increasing the conductivity of the first portion 48, and the advantage of being able to collect electricity efficiently from the photoelectric conversion layer 25 of the second portion 49.
  • the proportion of the binder resin in the electrode 40 may be 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, 80% by mass or less, or 70% by mass or less.
  • the refractive index of the electrode 40 can be changed.
  • the refractive index of the electrode 40 may be 1.40 or more, 1.44 or more, 1.60 or less, or 1.56 or less.
  • the electrode 40 is transparent overall because it is mesh-shaped or because it contains a binder resin 47 and a number of conductive nanowires 45 held by the binder resin 47.
  • the electrode 40 has flexibility because it is mesh-shaped or because it contains a binder resin 47 and a plurality of conductive nanowires 45 held by the binder resin 47. By having flexibility, the film stress on the electrode 40 does not become too high.
  • the film stress on the electrode 40 is, for example, the stress applied between the electrode 40 and the photoelectric conversion layer 25 during the manufacture of the organic solar cell 10 or inside the manufactured organic solar cell 10.
  • the seed crystal 35 is a seed crystal of the crystal that forms the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the crystal structure inside the seed crystal 35 is uniform.
  • the crystal structure of the seed crystal 35 grows to become the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the seed crystal 35 is made of the same material as the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the seed crystal 35 contains an organic material.
  • the seed crystal 35 may contain a perovskite compound.
  • the seed crystal 35 is disposed on the side of the electrode 40 opposite the support 31.
  • the seed crystal 35 is disposed along the electrode 40.
  • the seed crystal 35 may be held by the transparent conductive layer 33 or the carrier transport layer 34.
  • the seed crystal 35 is disposed on the fourth surface 30B of the electrode film 30.
  • the average primary particle diameter of the seed crystal 35 may be 0.003 ⁇ m or more, or 1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average primary particle diameter of the seed crystals 35 is determined by observing the cross section of the electrode film 30 or the cross section of the organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30 with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Specifically, images of the cross section of the electrode film 30 or the cross section of the organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30 are acquired with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). The acquired images are binarized. For example, the image density is divided into gradations of 0 to 255, and a gradation threshold is set to perform binarization so that the seed crystals 35 can be distinguished from other members. In the binarized image, 1,000 seed crystals 35 are randomly selected, and the primary particle diameter of each is measured. The average value of the measured particle diameters is set as the average primary particle diameter of the seed crystals 35. The acquired images are processed and the particle diameters in the binarized images are measured using the image processing software "ImageJ".
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • STEM
  • the material of the stress relaxation layer 32 may be any of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), acrylic resin (hard and soft), urethane resin (hard and gel), nanocomposite, polymer melt such as polyisoprene, various rubber materials, and physical gel.
  • the material of the stress relaxation layer 32 may be polyimide resin, epoxy resin, acrylic/urethane resin, novolac resin, and the like.
  • the carrier transport layer 34 is disposed between the photoelectric conversion layer 25 and the electrode 40 on the opposite side of the electrode 40 from the support 31.
  • the carrier transport layer 34 efficiently transports electrons from the photoelectric conversion layer 25 to the electrode 40.
  • the carrier transport layer 34 improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell 10.
  • the carrier transport layer 34 may be transparent. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the carrier transport layer 34 may be 95% or more, or 98% or more.
  • the thickness of the carrier transport layer 34 may be 0.005 ⁇ m or more, or 0.120 ⁇ m or less.
  • the material of the carrier transport layer 34 may be titanium oxide or tin oxide.
  • the carrier transport layer 34 may be the same as the transparent conductive layer 33.
  • the carrier transport layer 34 may also serve as the transparent conductive layer 33.
  • the barrier layer 36 blocks oxygen and water vapor, and protects the photoelectric conversion layer 25 in the organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30 from oxygen and water vapor.
  • the barrier layer 36 is disposed between the support 31 and the electrode 40, and between the stress relaxation layer 32 and the support 31.
  • the barrier layer 36 has water vapor barrier properties and oxygen barrier properties. Specifically, the water vapor permeability of the barrier layer 36 may be 0.5 g/m 2 ⁇ day or less, or 0.1 g/m 2 ⁇ day or less.
  • the oxygen permeability of the barrier layer 36 may be 10 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less, or 5 cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less.
  • the water vapor permeability [g/m 2 ⁇ day] is a value measured in accordance with JIS K7129B.
  • the water vapor transmission rate is measured using a water vapor transmission rate measuring device (MOCON: PERMATRAN) in an environment with a temperature of 40° C. and a humidity of 90 RH%.
  • the oxygen transmission rate [cc/m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm] is a value measured in accordance with JIS K7126-1.
  • the oxygen transmission rate is measured using an oxygen transmission rate measuring device (MOCON: OXTRAN) in an environment with a temperature of 23° C. and a humidity of 90 RH%.
  • the barrier layer 36 may be transparent.
  • the visible light transmittance of the barrier layer 36 may be 85% or more, or 95% or more.
  • the barrier layer 36 is in the form of a thin film.
  • the thickness of the barrier layer 36 may be 5 nm or more, or 80 nm or less.
  • the material of the barrier layer 36 may be silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or silicon nitride.
  • the hard coat layer 37 protects the electrode film 30 and other components of the organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30.
  • the hard coat layer 37 has weather resistance.
  • the hard coat layer 37 is disposed on the side of the support 31 opposite the electrode 40.
  • the hard coat layer 37 forms the third surface 30A of the electrode film 30.
  • the hard coat layer 37 is transparent. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the hard coat layer 37 may be 85% or more, or 95% or more.
  • the hard coat layer 37 is in the form of a thin film.
  • the thickness of the hard coat layer 37 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more, 1 ⁇ m or more, 3 ⁇ m or more, 50 ⁇ m or less, 40 ⁇ m or less, or 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the material of the hard coat layer 37 may be a composition such as polyester resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, aminoalkyd resin, melamine resin, guanamine resin, urea resin, fluorine-based resin, silicone-based resin, thermosetting acrylic resin, electron beam curable resin, or a combination of these. From the viewpoint of weather resistance and scratch resistance, the hard coat layer 37 is preferably made of a cured product of an electron beam curable resin composition.
  • the hard coat layer 37 may contain an ultraviolet absorber or a light stabilizer to provide sufficient weather resistance.
  • the ultraviolet absorber may be a benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, salicylate-based, acrylonitrile-based, metal complex salt-based, or inorganic material made of ultrafine titanium oxide or ultrafine zinc oxide, or a combination of these.
  • the light stabilizer may be a hindered amine-based compound.
  • the hard coat layer 37 may further have flame retardancy.
  • the hard coat layer 37 may contain a flame retardant to have flame retardancy.
  • the flame retardant may be one or a combination of phosphorus-based, phosphorus + halogen-based, chlorine-based, bromine-based, ammonium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony-based, guanidine-based, zirconium-based, zinc borate, silicone-based, nitrogen-based, low-melting glass-based, nanocomposite-based, etc.
  • the stress relief layer 32 is disposed on the side of the electrode 40 opposite the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the second electrode 60 extracts holes that have migrated from the photoelectric conversion layer 25. By extracting holes using the second electrode 60, together with the extraction of electrons by the electrode 40, the power generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 25 can be transmitted to the outside.
  • the second electrode 60 may be transparent. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the second electrode 60 may be 75% or more, or 85% or more.
  • the thickness of the second electrode 60 may be 5 nm or more, or 150 nm or less.
  • the second electrode 60 may have a similar configuration to the electrode 40.
  • the second carrier transport layer 54 is disposed between the photoelectric conversion layer 25 and the second electrode 60.
  • the second carrier transport layer 54 efficiently transports holes from the photoelectric conversion layer 25 to the second electrode 60.
  • the second carrier transport layer 54 improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell 10.
  • the second carrier transport layer 54 may be transparent. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the second carrier transport layer 54 may be 95% or more, or 98% or more.
  • the thickness of the second carrier transport layer 54 may be 0.050 ⁇ m or more, or 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
  • the material of the second carrier transport layer 54 may be Spiro-OMeTAD or copper thiocyanate.
  • the electrode 40 and the second electrode 60 may be interchanged. In other words, the electrode 40 and the second electrode 60 may be reversed. In this case, the carrier transport layer 34 and the second carrier transport layer 54 are also interchanged. In other words, the carrier transport layer 34 and the second carrier transport layer 54 are also reversed.
  • the organic solar cell 10 may further include other layers intended to perform specific functions.
  • the organic solar cell 10 may include, for example, a filler layer, a strength support layer, an antifouling layer, a light-sealing layer, and an adhesive layer.
  • the organic solar cell 10 may further include a second transparent electrode layer, a second stress relief layer, a second barrier layer, and a second hard coat layer superimposed on the second electrode 60.
  • the support 31, the stress relief layer 32, the transparent conductive layer 33, the barrier layer 36, and the hard coat layer 37 may be omitted.
  • the electrode film 30 the stress relief layer 32, the transparent conductive layer 33, the seed crystal 35, the barrier layer 36, and the hard coat layer 37 may be omitted.
  • the seed crystal 35 may be provided on the electrode film 30 immediately before manufacturing the organic solar cell 10 using the electrode film 30.
  • an ionizing radiation curable resin is applied onto the support 31, and the ionizing radiation curable resin is irradiated with an electron beam to cure, thereby providing a hard coat layer 37.
  • a barrier layer 36 is provided on the surface of the support 31 opposite to the surface on which the hard coat layer 37 is provided.
  • the barrier layer 36 is formed, for example, by a sputtering method.
  • a stress relief layer 32 is provided, for example, by application, on the barrier layer 36.
  • An electrode 40 is provided on the stress relief layer 32.
  • the electrode 40 is formed by a plurality of linear conductors 41 extending to define the openings 43 as shown in Figures 3 and 5, and is formed, for example, by providing a metal film and etching the metal film into a predetermined pattern.
  • a transparent conductive layer 33 is provided, for example, by imprint technology, so as to be positioned at least in the openings 43.
  • the electrode 40 including the conductive nanowires 45 held in the binder resin 47 with some of them protruding from the binder resin 47 as shown in FIG. 4A is formed by, for example, slit coating, roll coating, dip coating, blade coating, wire bar coating, or screen printing.
  • the thickness of the formed film can be controlled by adjusting the stationary supply amount, moving speed, lifting speed, rotation speed, and/or blade interval.
  • the carrier transport layer 34 is provided by coating, for example, by a spin coating method so as to overlap the electrode 40 or the transparent conductive layer 33.
  • the seed crystals 35 are dispersed so as to be held by the transparent conductive layer 33 or the carrier transport layer 34.
  • the seed crystals 35 are provided by vacuum film formation such as sputtering on the transparent conductive layer 33 or the carrier transport layer 34.
  • the method for manufacturing an organic solar cell 10 using an electrode film 30 includes a step of growing a seed crystal 35 in a photoelectric conversion layer 25, and a step of providing a second electrode 60 and a second carrier transport layer 54.
  • the method for manufacturing an organic solar cell 10 using an electrode film 30 may further include a step of peeling off the support 31.
  • the support 31 is peeled off.
  • the support 31 may be peeled off by providing a peeling layer (not shown) between the support 31 and another member overlapping the support 31. Peeling off the support 31 makes the stress relief layer 32 easier to expand and contract.
  • a coating liquid containing an organic material that will be the material of the photoelectric conversion layer 25 is applied to the seed crystal 35 to form a coating film that overlaps the seed crystal 35.
  • the coating liquid contains, for example, a precursor compound with a perovskite structure and an organic solvent that can dissolve the precursor compound.
  • a crystal structure grows with the seed crystal 35 as a nucleus. The growth of the crystal structure forms the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the seed crystal 35 has an aligned crystal structure, so that the photoelectric conversion layer 25 with an aligned crystal structure is formed.
  • the stress generated during the growth of the seed crystal 35 is relaxed by the stress relaxation layer 32.
  • an annealing process is performed to remove the organic solvent.
  • the organic solvent is dried in an environment with a predetermined annealing temperature.
  • the annealing temperature may be 50°C or higher, 90°C or higher, 200°C or lower, or 150°C or lower. By using an appropriate annealing temperature, the organic solvent can be appropriately removed and a smooth
  • the electrode film 30 shown in FIG. 3 becomes the power generation substrate 20 shown in FIG. 6, and the electrode film 30 shown in FIG. 4A becomes the power generation substrate 20 shown in FIG. 7.
  • a second electrode 60 and a second carrier transport layer 54 are provided on the power generation substrate 20.
  • the second electrode 60 and the second carrier transport layer 54 may be provided by an electrode film having substantially the same configuration as the electrode film 30 except that they do not include the seed crystal 35.
  • the second electrode 60 may be provided so as to overlap the second carrier transport layer 54.
  • the organic solar cell 10 is manufactured using the electrode film 30.
  • the organic solar cell 10 is placed on the substrate 3 and connected with the circuit 5 to manufacture the solar power generation system 1.
  • a member for relieving stress is provided inside the solar cell in solar cells such as that described in Patent Document 1.
  • conventional stress relief layers are not able to sufficiently relieve stress. It is difficult to contribute to the relaxation of stress when forming the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer, and defects occur in the crystal structure.
  • a solar cell contains a perovskite compound, visible light is converted into electricity.
  • the electrodes are transparent to transmit visible light. Indium oxide has traditionally been used for such electrodes. When solar cells are made larger, the electrodes also become larger. When extracting power from the electrodes, the movement of electricity in the electrodes becomes longer.
  • the higher the resistance of the electrodes the more power is consumed by the electrodes. Because indium oxide has high resistance, in large solar cells, more power is consumed by the electrodes. Thirdly, inside the solar cell, the light path passing through the photoelectric conversion layer is short, so much light passes through the photoelectric conversion layer without being converted into power.
  • the electrode film 30 of this embodiment has a stress relief layer 32 disposed between the support 31 and the electrode 40.
  • the stress relief layer 32 is stretchable.
  • the stress relief layer 32 enables the electrode film 30 to relieve the stress applied when forming the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25, i.e., the stress applied in the direction in which the crystal structure stretches. Defects are less likely to occur in the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25. The movement of electrons and holes to the electrode is less likely to be hindered by defects in the crystal structure. In an organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30, the efficiency of converting incident light into electricity can be increased.
  • the stress relaxation layer 32 makes it difficult for defects to occur in the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the movement of electrons and holes to the electrodes is not easily hindered by defects in the crystal structure. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electricity.
  • the electrode 40 is formed by a plurality of linear conductors 41 that extend to define the openings 43.
  • the electrode 40 is mesh-shaped.
  • the mesh-shaped structure allows the electrode 40 to relieve stress in the surface direction in which the electrode 40 is arranged.
  • the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25 is formed so as to extend along the mesh-shaped structure.
  • the mesh-shaped structure makes it difficult for defects to occur in the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25.
  • the movement of electrons and holes to the electrode is not easily hindered by defects in the crystal structure.
  • the efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electricity can be improved.
  • the electrode 40 is formed of a plurality of linear conductors 41 that extend to define the opening 43. Even if the material of the electrode 40 is a highly conductive metal, the electrode 40 can be made transparent. If the material of the electrode 40 is a light-reflecting material such as a metal, light that has not been converted into electricity in the photoelectric conversion layer 25 can be reflected by the electrode 40 and made to enter the photoelectric conversion layer 25 again. The light that enters the photoelectric conversion layer 25 again can be converted into electricity in the photoelectric conversion layer 25. The efficiency of converting light that enters the organic solar cell 10 into electricity can be improved.
  • the electrode 40 When the electrode 40 is formed of a plurality of linear conductors 41 extending to define the openings 43, it is believed that the efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electric power can be improved for the following presumed reason.
  • the light transmitted through the mesh-shaped electrode 40 has varying intensity. For example, by appropriately setting the pitch P of the openings 43, the light transmitted through the mesh-shaped electrode 40 is likely to have varying intensity.
  • strong light is absorbed by the photoelectric conversion layer 25, a high voltage difference is generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 25 due to excited electrons and holes. Electrons and holes excited by weak light absorbed in the photoelectric conversion layer 25 can move to the electrode due to the high voltage difference. Electrons and holes generated by weak light also easily move to the electrode.
  • the strong light allows the electrons and holes generated by the incident light to move efficiently.
  • the efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electric power can be improved.
  • the reason for improving the efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electric power in this embodiment is not limited to the above presumption.
  • the transparent conductive layer 33 is disposed in the opening 43 and is connected to the linear conductor 41. Electrons and holes can be moved in the opening 43 as well. Electrons and holes generated by incident light can be moved efficiently. This can improve the efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electricity.
  • the transparent conductive layer 33 easily holds the seed crystal 35. By disposing the transparent conductive layer 33, the effect of the seed crystal 35 described below can be effectively exerted.
  • the electrode 40 includes a binder resin 47 and a conductive nanowire 45 that is held by the binder resin 47 while partially protruding from the binder resin 47.
  • the binder resin 47 is stretchable.
  • the binder resin 47 enables the electrode film 30 to relieve the stress applied when forming the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25, i.e., the stress applied in the direction in which the crystal structure extends. Defects are unlikely to occur in the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25. The movement of electrons and holes to the electrode is unlikely to be hindered by defects in the crystal structure. In an organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30, the efficiency of converting incident light into electricity can be increased.
  • the electrode 40 includes a binder resin 47 and a conductive nanowire 45 that is held by the binder resin 47 and partially protrudes from the binder resin 47. Even if the material of the conductive nanowire 45 is a highly conductive metal, the electrode 40 can be made transparent. If the material of the electrode 40 is a light-reflecting material such as a metal, light that has not been converted into electricity in the photoelectric conversion layer 25 can be reflected by the electrode 40 and made to enter the photoelectric conversion layer 25 again. The conductive nanowires 45 are sufficiently fine that they tend to reflect light while scattering it. The light that enters the photoelectric conversion layer 25 again can be converted into electricity in the photoelectric conversion layer 25. The efficiency of converting light that enters the organic solar cell 10 into electricity can be improved.
  • the refractive index of the electrode 40 can be adjusted by adjusting the proportion of binder resin 47 in the electrode 40. By appropriately setting the refractive index of the electrode 40, the reflectance at the interface between the electrode 40 and other members can be improved. Light that has not been converted to electricity in the photoelectric conversion layer 25 can be easily reflected by the electrode 40. Light that is again incident on the photoelectric conversion layer 25 can be converted to electricity in the photoelectric conversion layer 25. The efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electricity can be improved.
  • the electrode film 30 of this embodiment has a seed crystal 35 that forms the photoelectric conversion layer 25 of the organic solar cell 10.
  • the seed crystal 35 is disposed on the side of the electrode 40 opposite the support 31. Because the electrode film 30 has the seed crystal 35, the crystal structure growing from the seed crystal 35 is aligned. Defects are less likely to occur in the crystal structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 25 formed by growing the seed crystal 35. The movement of electrons and holes to the electrode is less likely to be hindered by defects in the crystal structure. The efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 into electricity can be improved.
  • the electrode film 30 of this embodiment is used in the manufacture of an organic solar cell 10, and includes a support 31 and an electrode 40 supported by the support 31.
  • the electrode film 30 further includes a stress relief layer 32 disposed between the support 31 and the electrode 40, or the electrode 40 is formed by a plurality of linear conductors 41 extending to define an opening 43, or the electrode 40 includes a binder resin 47 and a conductive nanowire 45 that is held by the binder resin 47 and has a portion protruding from the binder resin 47.
  • the efficiency of converting light incident on the organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30 of this embodiment into electricity can be improved.
  • the organic solar cell 10 manufactured using the electrode film 30 of this embodiment can be used by, for example, attaching it to a transparent member such as a window.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a modified example of the solar power generation system 1 and organic solar cell 10 according to the embodiment described above.
  • the support 31 of the organic solar cell 10 also serves as the substrate 3 of the solar power generation system 1.
  • the hard coat layer 37 of the organic solar cell 10 is provided over the entire solar power generation system 1.
  • the hard coat layer 37 can protect the entire solar power generation system 1.
  • the barrier layer 36 and stress relaxation layer 32 of the organic solar cell 10 may also be provided over the entire solar power generation system 1.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est d'améliorer l'efficacité de conversion de la lumière incidente sur une cellule solaire organique en énergie électrique. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un film d'électrode 30 qui est utilisé dans la production d'une cellule solaire organique 10. Le film d'électrode 30 comprend : un support 31 ; une électrode 40 supportée par le support 31 ; et une couche de relaxation de contrainte 32 disposée entre le support 31 et l'électrode 40.
PCT/JP2024/042337 2023-12-04 2024-11-29 Film d'électrode, substrat de production d'énergie, cellule solaire organique et système de production d'énergie photovoltaïque Pending WO2025121260A1 (fr)

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Citations (7)

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JP2012069316A (ja) * 2010-09-22 2012-04-05 Konica Minolta Holdings Inc 透明電極及び有機電子素子
JP2012221813A (ja) * 2011-04-11 2012-11-12 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd メッシュ電極基板、およびメッシュ電極基板の製造方法
JP2013225498A (ja) * 2012-03-23 2013-10-31 Fujifilm Corp 導電性組成物、導電性部材、導電性部材の製造方法、タッチパネルおよび太陽電池
JP2015185440A (ja) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-22 コニカミノルタ株式会社 透明導電膜およびその製造方法
JP2018129379A (ja) * 2017-02-07 2018-08-16 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 光吸収材料およびそれを用いたペロブスカイト太陽電池
CN114447232A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-05-06 西安隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 一种钙钛矿层制备方法、太阳能电池及组件

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010507199A (ja) * 2006-10-12 2010-03-04 カンブリオス テクノロジーズ コーポレイション ナノワイヤベースの透明導電体およびその適用
JP2012069316A (ja) * 2010-09-22 2012-04-05 Konica Minolta Holdings Inc 透明電極及び有機電子素子
JP2012221813A (ja) * 2011-04-11 2012-11-12 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd メッシュ電極基板、およびメッシュ電極基板の製造方法
JP2013225498A (ja) * 2012-03-23 2013-10-31 Fujifilm Corp 導電性組成物、導電性部材、導電性部材の製造方法、タッチパネルおよび太陽電池
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