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WO2025117289A1 - Systèmes et procédés pour rubans et ensembles de fibres optiques orientés - Google Patents

Systèmes et procédés pour rubans et ensembles de fibres optiques orientés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025117289A1
WO2025117289A1 PCT/US2024/056684 US2024056684W WO2025117289A1 WO 2025117289 A1 WO2025117289 A1 WO 2025117289A1 US 2024056684 W US2024056684 W US 2024056684W WO 2025117289 A1 WO2025117289 A1 WO 2025117289A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical fiber
ribbon
maximum
twist rate
segment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/US2024/056684
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Hempstead
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Corning Research and Development Corp
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Corning Research and Development Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corning Research and Development Corp filed Critical Corning Research and Development Corp
Publication of WO2025117289A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025117289A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4403—Optical cables with ribbon structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/245—Removing protective coverings of light guides before coupling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/024—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with polarisation maintaining properties

Definitions

  • optical fibers are provided in multiple different designs to serve specific functions within an optical system.
  • optical fibers include a core or cores to carry optical signals, a cladding to trap the optical signal within the core and a polymer coating or coatings to protect the fibers and reduce the impact of external perturbations.
  • the optical fiber may be designed with a non-rotationally- symmetric structure (for example, polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) or multicore fiber (MCF)).
  • PMF polarization-maintaining fiber
  • MMF multicore fiber
  • a particular rotational orientation of this specialized fiber may be desired. This orientation may have an effect on the way optical signals are coupled into or out of the optical fiber.
  • the present disclosure generally relates to optical fiber ribbons and in particular to optical fiber ribbons in which the optical fibers are maintained in a desired orientation.
  • the optical fiber ribbon includes at least one rotationally oriented optical fiber aligned along a length of the optical fiber ribbon.
  • the optical fiber includes a cladding region having a first shear modulus and a first radius and either a core and at least one stress member disposed within the cladding region, or two or more cores disposed within the cladding region.
  • the optical fiber ribbon further includes a coating layer surrounding the cladding region and having a second shear modulus and a second radius.
  • the at least one rotationally oriented optical fiber has a characteristic length, which characteristic length is defined below.
  • embodiments of the disclosure relate to a method of processing an optical fiber suitable for use in connectorization of a rotationally oriented optical fiber ribbon.
  • a maximum intrinsic twist rate of the optical fiber is defined.
  • the intrinsic twist rate of the optical fiber at a position in a segment along the length of the optical fiber is determined.
  • the intrinsic twist rate of the optical fiber is compared to the maximum intrinsic twist rate.
  • the optical fiber is accepted for use in ribbonization when the intrinsic twist rate is less than the maximum intrinsic twist rate.
  • the optical fiber is marked at the segment where the intrinsic twist rate is less than the maximum intrinsic twist rate to indicate acceptance of the marked optical fiber segment for incorporation in a connector.
  • the optical fiber is wound around a reel.
  • embodiments of the disclosure relate to a method of connecting an optical fiber for use in a rotationally oriented optical fiber ribbon to another optical fiber ribbon or connector.
  • a maximum error in angular alignment of an optical fiber ribbon after incorporation of a point-by-point spin compensation into an oriented ribbon is determined.
  • the alignment error of the optical fiber is calculated and a comparison of the alignment error of the optical fiber to the maximum error in angular alignment is performed.
  • the optical fiber is accepted when the alignment error is less than the maximum alignment error.
  • the optical fiber ribbon is connected to a connector or another optical fiber ribbon at a segment of the optical fiber where the alignment error is less than the maximum alignment error.
  • FIG. l is a cross-sectional view of a rotationally oriented optical fiber, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIGS. 2A-2D are perspective views of the rotationally oriented optical fiber of FIG. 1 when cut and/or stripped according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a plot of spin angle and spin rate of a polarization-maintaining fiber in an unstressed unoriented state as a function of length, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a method of selecting an optical fiber with a chosen maximum intrinsic twist rate, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method of selecting an optical fiber with a chosen alignment precision, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • an optical fiber ribbon having one or more optical fibers with a rotationally oriented optical structure e.g., polarizationmaintaining (PMF) optical fibers or multi-core (MCF) optical fibers
  • PMF polarizationmaintaining
  • MCF multi-core
  • the optical fibers are held in a twisted state by circumferential stresses arising from strains in the coating or coatings of the optical fiber and in the ribbon matrix.
  • cutting the ribbon and cleaving the fibers would not affect the rotational orientation of the fibers.
  • the optical fiber will relax or recoil and rotate when constraints imposed by the ribbon matrix are reduced such as by cleaving the optical fiber. Stripping the cleaved fiber will result in further relaxation.
  • Applicant has found a characteristic length of the optical fiber controls the recoil of the optical fiber, the decay of the extrinsic twist along the length of the optical fiber when one end is twisted and the other end is anchored, and the range of twist spatial periods over which point-by-point twist correction is effective.
  • the extrinsic twist is defined as twist of the optical fiber along its length that is induced by external forces, such as torques applied to the fiber at its ends and/or on its circumference.
  • extrinsic twist can be introduced during the winding process where the optical fiber passes over a pulley, and it can be maintained in a reel of optical fiber by friction.
  • optical fiber embodiments discussed herein include a characteristic length to limit the rotational recoil caused by cleaving and stripping the optical fiber that facilitates making connections between the polarization axes of PMF optical fibers or the core constellation of MCF optical fibers that require specific orientation for successful connections.
  • Applicant has developed methods of processing and selecting optical fiber feedstock suitable for connectorization of ribbons containing rotationally oriented fibers based on the intrinsic twist rate of the optical fibers and the rotational alignment of the optical fiber.
  • the intrinsic twist rate is defined as the rotation of the internal fiber structure present when the optical fiber is in an untorqued, stress-free, relaxed state.
  • Such intrinsic twist is a property of the optical fiber regardless of the winding history of the optical fiber. For example, rotation of the stress members or rods of a PMF formed when the optical fiber was produced may contribute to intrinsic twist.
  • a cross-section of a rotationally oriented optical fiber 100 such as a polarization-maintaining (PM) optical fiber is shown according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the rotationally oriented optical fiber 100 could also be a multi-core (MC) optical fiber.
  • the optical fiber 100 has a circular cross-section that extends along a longitudinal axis of a length of the optical fiber 100.
  • the optical fiber 100 when the optical fiber 100 is a PM optical fiber a core 102 is surrounded by a cladding 104.
  • the core 102 has a circular crosssection that extends along and is situated on the longitudinal axis of the optical fiber 100.
  • the core 102 of the PM optical fiber 100 may be a single mode core that is single mode above a specified wavelength.
  • optical fiber 100 when optical fiber 100 is a MC optical fiber, more than one core 102 is surrounded by cladding 104.
  • each of the more than one cores 102 have a circular cross-section that extends along and is situated on or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the optical fiber 100.
  • the MC optical fiber 100 includes two or more cores 102 disposed within the cladding 104.
  • the MC optical fibers include from 2 cores 102 to 4 cores 102.
  • the MC optical fibers include from 2 cores 102 to 8 cores 102.
  • the cladding 104 surrounds the core 102 along the length of the optical fiber 100.
  • disposed within the cladding 104 are one or more stress members 106.
  • the PM optical fiber 100 includes two circular stress members 106 diametrically arranged around the core 102 and that extend along the length of the optical fiber 100.
  • the cladding 104 is surrounded by at least one coating layer 108, such as a primary coating layer 110 and a secondary coating layer 112.
  • the at least one coating layer 108 provides mechanical protection for the optical fiber 100.
  • the primary coating layer 110 is a soft, curable resin that provides cushioning for the core 102 and cladding 104
  • the secondary coating layer 112 is a hard, curable resin that provides protection against external stresses.
  • the primary coating layer 110 and the secondary coating layer 112 are thin. In some embodiments, a thickness of the primary coating layer 110 and a thickness of the secondary coating layer 112 are the same. In various embodiments, the primary coating 110 has a first stiffness and the secondary coating has a second stiffness, with the first stiffness being less than the second stiffness.
  • the refractive index at various positions of the PM optical fiber 100 will vary across the diameter.
  • the refractive index in the primary coating 110, the cladding 104, and the core 102 is different from the refractive index in the other regions.
  • the core 102 has a first refractive index and the cladding has a second refractive index.
  • the second refractive index is different than the first refractive index.
  • FIGS. 2A-2D perspective views of the rotationally oriented optical fiber 100, when cut and/or stripped are shown according to an exemplary embodiment. As illustrated schematically in FIGS. 2A-2D, optical fibers 100 are shown without coating layer 108 and core(s) 102.
  • optical fiber 100 is in a relaxed state.
  • optical fiber 100 when optical fiber 100 is in an untorqued, stress-free, relaxed state optical fiber 100 typically has an intrinsic twist or spin regardless of the winding history of the optical fiber 100.
  • extrinsic twist along the length of optical fiber 100 that is induced by external forces such as torque. Extrinsic twist is frequently introduced to optical fibers 100 during production, for example during winding, where the fiber passes over a pulley, and such extrinsic twist can be maintained in the reel of optical fibers by friction.
  • the intrinsic twist is the rotation of the internal fiber structure that may be produced as a result of twisting of the optical fiber at the blank root during drawing, such as stress member 106 formed during production of optical fiber 100.
  • the internal structure including the stress member 106 has a spin rate -t defined in turns/m, degrees/m, radians/m etc.
  • optical fiber 100 is embedded in a ribbon matrix 114.
  • An extrinsic twist rate is applied by the extended portions of the ribbon (not shown in the figure) to optical fiber 100 by a torque shown by arrow 116.
  • the extrinsic twist rate t compensates for the intrinsic twist rate -t at that point.
  • FIG. 2C the cleaving of the ribbon and optical fiber 100 is shown, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the stress members 106 are shown in a first position.
  • the interfacial torque 116 is removed.
  • the ends rotate into a second position 118 as shown by the changed position of the end sections of stress members 106.
  • the rotation of stress members 106 is due to the development of a reactive torque that builds within coating layer 108 or the primary coating layer 110.
  • the torque after cleaving is an end effect only experienced by optical fiber 100 at the cleaved ends 120.
  • the ribbon matrix 114 and coating 108 of optical fiber 100 are stripped back from the cleaved ends 120.
  • a strip length l s 124 is defined between the cleaved end 120 and an end of the ribbon matrix 114.
  • stress members 106 are in the second position 118 at the end of ribbon matrix 114.
  • the additional relaxation and twisting can be seen in the stress members 106 that have rotated into a third position 122.
  • Applicant has designed various optical fibers with limited rotational recoil after cleaving the optical fiber 100 and stripping back the coating 108 and ribbon matrix 114.
  • the characteristic length of the optical fiber controls the recoil of the optical fiber, the decay of the extrinsic twist along the length of the optical fiber when one end is twisted and the other end is anchored, and the range over which point-by-point twist correction is effective.
  • the characteristic length l c depends on parameters of the optical fiber 100 and the coating 108 and can be determined according to the following equation 1 :
  • r g is the radius of a glass portion of the optical fiber 100 (i.e., the outer radius of the cladding 104 surrounding the core 102)
  • r P is the outer radius of the primary coating 110
  • G g is the shear modulus of the glass portion of the optical fiber 100
  • G P is the shear modulus of the primary coating 110.
  • the characteristic length l c can be reduced by increasing the shear modulus G P of primary coating 110 relative to the shear modulus G g of the optical fiber 100. Similarly, Applicant has found the characteristic length l c can reduced by reducing the ratio of the radius of the fiber r g to the outer radius r P of the primary coating 110. Besides computing the characteristic length using equation 1, the lc can be measured mechanically by rigidly fixing or anchoring an end of a section of fiber 100 with twist or rotation applied to the opposing end, and measuring the decay of the twist along the fiber 100. For example, the rotation could be detected by applying a marker or flag to the optical fiber 100 and observing the rotation.
  • optical fiber 100 has a characteristic length l c less than a maximum characteristic length. The maximum or allowable characteristic length depends on the maximum twist allowed for the fiber feedstock.
  • the recoil may be required to be less than ⁇ 1 degree to allow for other process imperfections that may add error to the alignment.
  • the spin rate -t of the of the optical fiber feedstock for the fiber ribbonization process must be within ⁇ 79 degrees/meter.
  • l c must be less than 5mm.
  • the spin rate -t of the fiber feedstock must be kept within ⁇ 40 degrees/meter.
  • the total of l c and Is must be less than 5 mm.
  • twist applied on the outside surface of the fiber coating 108 does not necessarily result in a corresponding twist of the internal structures or center of the optical fiber 100. There is a Fourier transform relationship between the twist rate function and the resulting twist on the optical fiber.
  • the Fourier Transform of the required twist is nearly the same as that of the target twist.
  • the required extrinsic twist for compensation is equal and opposite to the intrinsic twist at every point with negligible non-local contributions.
  • the second derivative of the spin angle with respect to length along the feedstock fiber must be kept within the range of ⁇ 1° /Z c 2 .
  • l c 7.6 mm this is about ⁇ 1.7 7cm 2 .
  • FIG. 3 a plot of spin angle and spin rate of a stress-free prior art optical fiber as a function of length is shown, according to an exemplary embodiment. Multiple contiguous sections of the prior art optical fiber from one feedstock reel were measured. As shown in the plot, the peak spin rate is about 50-100 degrees/meter which is generally consistent with a recoil contribution of 1-2 degrees to the alignment error in intrinsic twist rate to confirm it is low enough.
  • the calibration and alignment includes controlling the angle at which the fiber runs or moves over pulleys and sheaves during a fiber draw process.
  • Applicant believes controlling the angle of the fiber to be close to a right angle to the axis of rotation of the pulleys and sheaves during such process, accurately aligning the pulley or sheave surfaces to the axis of rotation, and keeping precision of the axis of rotation below a maximum angle can aid in control of intrinsic twist of a fiber.
  • embodiments of a method of processing an optical fiber suitable for use in connectorization of a rotationally oriented optical fiber ribbon with a chosen intrinsic twist rate for use in a rotationally oriented optical fiber ribbon is described in FIG. 4.
  • a method 200 of processing optical fiber 100 includes defining a maximum intrinsic twist rate for the ribbonization process in a first step 201.
  • the maximum intrinsic twist rate is within ⁇ 100 degrees/m, within ⁇ 79 degrees/m, within ⁇ 40 degrees/m. In other embodiments, the acceptable maximum intrinsic twist rate may be different due to the application.
  • the intrinsic twist rate of the optical fiber 100 at a first position along the optical fiber is determined in a second step 202.
  • the intrinsic twist rate of the optical fiber is measured.
  • the intrinsic twist rate from the second step 202 is compared to the maximum intrinsic twist rate defined in the first step 201 in a third step 203. If the intrinsic twist rate from second step 202 is greater than the maximum intrinsic twist rate defined in the first step 201, the optical fiber is rejected as unsuitable for alignment during connection in a fourth step 204. If the intrinsic twist rate from second step 202 is less than the maximum intrinsic twist rate defined in the first step 201, the optical fiber is determined to be acceptable for alignment for connection in a fifth step 205.
  • the optical fiber ribbon and/or optical fiber is marked or labeled at the acceptable portion of the optical fiber for easy identification of the portion of the optical fiber selected for use in connecting oriented optical fiber ribbons in a sixth step 206.
  • the optical fiber ribbon and/or optical fiber is marked or labeled at the unacceptable portion of the optical fiber for easy identification of the portion of the optical fiber unsuitable for use in connecting oriented optical fiber ribbons.
  • the unacceptable portions of the optical fiber can be excised from the optical fiber.
  • determining the intrinsic twist rate of the optical fiber can be repeated at a second position along the optical fiber.
  • the determination of the intrinsic twist rate of the optical fiber is repeated after a chosen distance (e.g., every 10 cm, every 25 cm etc.) along the length of the optical fiber.
  • a comparison to the defined maximum twist rate is completed and an acceptance or rejection of the segment of the optical fiber containing the measurement point is made.
  • a single determination of intrinsic twist rate along the optical fiber is made and the entire reel of feedstock is accepted or rejected.
  • the intrinsic twist rate is measured continuously along the length of the optical fiber.
  • the optical fiber is run over pulleys and sheaves.
  • the optical fiber is wound around a storage device such as a reel in a seventh step 207.
  • the selected optical fiber 100 is cleaved or cut at the position where the intrinsic twist rate is less than the maximum intrinsic twist rate in an eighth step 208.
  • the ribbon matrix is stripped the distance or stripping length 124 from the cleaved end 120 of the optical fiber 100 in a ninth step 209.
  • a connection is made between the optical fiber 100 and specifically the cleaved end 120 and a connector or another rotationally oriented optical fiber in a tenth step 210.
  • a method 300 of connecting an optical fiber 100 includes defining a maximum error in angular alignment for the ribbonization process in a first step 301.
  • the maximum error in angular alignment is ⁇ 1 degree.
  • An orientational angle or spin angle of the optical fiber 100 with respect to the length of the optical fiber 100 is determined in a second step 302.
  • the second derivative of the spin angle with respect to the length of the optical fiber 100 is determined in a third step 303.
  • an alignment error of the optical fiber 100 with respect to the length of the optical fiber 100 is calculated in a fourth step 304.
  • the characteristic length squared multiplied by the second derivative of the spin angle is used to calculate the alignment error.
  • the optical fiber is determined to be acceptable for alignment during connectorization or splicing in a fifth step 305.
  • the acceptable portion of the optical fiber is marked or labeled for easy identification of the portion of the optical fiber selected for use in oriented ribbons. If the alignment error from fourth step 304 is greater than the maximum error in angular alignment defined in the first step 301, the optical fiber is determined to be unacceptable for alignment during connection in a sixth step 306.
  • the optical fiber ribbon and/or optical fiber is marked or labeled at the acceptable portion of the optical fiber for easy identification of the portion of the optical fiber selected for use in connecting oriented optical fiber.
  • the optical fiber ribbon and/or optical fiber is marked or labeled at the unacceptable portion of the optical fiber for easy identification of the portion of the optical fiber unsuitable for use in connecting oriented optical fiber ribbons.
  • the optical fiber is run over pulleys and sheaves. In such embodiments, the optical fiber is wound around a storage device such as a reel.
  • the selected optical fiber is connected to another optical fiber ribbon or connector in a seventh step 307.
  • this connection process includes cleaving the optical fiber 100 at the chosen segment or point and stripping a ribbon matrix from the cleaved end 120, before connecting to another optical fiber ribbon or connector.
  • the optical fiber 100 is cleaved at an acceptable segment and the ribbon matrix is stripped from the cleaved end 120, before incorporating the optical fiber into a connector.
  • optical fibers may be flexible, transparent optical fibers made of glass or plastic.
  • the fibers may function as a waveguide to transmit light between the two ends of the optical fiber.
  • Optical fibers may include a transparent core surrounded by a transparent cladding material with a lower index of refraction. Light may be kept in the core by total internal reflection.
  • Glass optical fibers may comprise silica, but some other materials such as fluorozirconate, fluoroaluminate and chalcogenide glasses, as well as crystalline materials such as sapphire, may be used.
  • the light may be guided down the core of the optical fibers by an optical cladding with a lower refractive index that traps light in the core through total internal reflection.
  • the cladding may be coated by a buffer and/or another coating(s) that protects it from moisture and/or physical damage. These coatings may be UV-cured urethane acrylate composite materials applied to the outside of the optical fiber during the drawing process. The coatings may protect the strands of glass fiber. [0056] Unless otherwise expressly stated, it is in no way intended that any method set forth herein be construed as requiring that its steps be performed in a specific order. Accordingly, where a method claim does not actually recite an order to be followed by its steps or it is not otherwise specifically stated in the claims or descriptions that the steps are to be limited to a specific order, it is in no way intended that any particular order be inferred. In addition, as used herein, the article "a" is intended to include one or more than one component or element, and is not intended to be construed as meaning only one.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

Abstract

Sont divulgués des modes de réalisation d'un ruban de fibres optiques. Le ruban de fibres optiques comprend au moins une fibre optique orientée en rotation alignée sur une longueur du ruban de fibres optiques. La fibre optique comprend une région de gainage ayant un premier module de cisaillement et un premier rayon et une âme et au moins un élément de contrainte disposé à l'intérieur de la région de gainage, ou au moins deux âmes disposées à l'intérieur de la région de gainage. Le ruban de fibres optiques comprend en outre une couche de revêtement entourant la région de gainage et ayant un second module de cisaillement et un second rayon. La ou les fibres optiques orientées de manière rotative ont une longueur caractéristique. L'invention concerne également des modes de réalisation de procédés de préparation d'un tel ruban de fibres optiques.
PCT/US2024/056684 2023-11-30 2024-11-20 Systèmes et procédés pour rubans et ensembles de fibres optiques orientés Pending WO2025117289A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202363604215P 2023-11-30 2023-11-30
US63/604,215 2023-11-30

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WO2025117289A1 true WO2025117289A1 (fr) 2025-06-05

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050226573A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2005-10-13 Kaoru Okuno Optical fiber tape core
US20130301998A1 (en) * 2012-04-26 2013-11-14 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Multi-core optical fiber, multi-core optical fiber cable, and multi-core optical fiber transmission system
US20220120963A1 (en) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-21 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Multi-core optical fiber and multi-core optical fiber cable
WO2023081039A1 (fr) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-11 Corning Research & Development Corporation Ruban de fibres optiques configuré pour maintenir l'orientation de fibres optiques à maintien de polarisation et multicoeurs

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050226573A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2005-10-13 Kaoru Okuno Optical fiber tape core
US20130301998A1 (en) * 2012-04-26 2013-11-14 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Multi-core optical fiber, multi-core optical fiber cable, and multi-core optical fiber transmission system
US20220120963A1 (en) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-21 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Multi-core optical fiber and multi-core optical fiber cable
WO2023081039A1 (fr) * 2021-11-03 2023-05-11 Corning Research & Development Corporation Ruban de fibres optiques configuré pour maintenir l'orientation de fibres optiques à maintien de polarisation et multicoeurs

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