WO2025116039A1 - Weld metal, weld joint, and weld structure - Google Patents
Weld metal, weld joint, and weld structure Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025116039A1 WO2025116039A1 PCT/JP2024/042593 JP2024042593W WO2025116039A1 WO 2025116039 A1 WO2025116039 A1 WO 2025116039A1 JP 2024042593 W JP2024042593 W JP 2024042593W WO 2025116039 A1 WO2025116039 A1 WO 2025116039A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to welded metals, welded joints, and welded structures.
- Patent Document 1 describes a welding material with a Ni content of 70% as follows: "Ni content is 35 to 70%, and the flux contains TiO 2 , SiO 2 and ZrO 2 in a total amount of 4.0 mass% or more with respect to the total mass of the wire, and further contains Mn oxides in an amount of 0.6 to 1.2 mass% calculated as MnO 2 , and when the contents of TiO 2 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 and MnO 2 (converted amounts) are [TiO 2 ], [SiO 2 ], [ZrO 2 ] and [MnO 2 ], respectively, the ratio [TiO 2 ]/[ZrO 2 ] is 2.3 to 3.3, the ratio [SiO 2 ]/[ZrO 2 ] is 0.9 to 1.5, and ([TiO 2 ] + [SiO 2 ] + [ZrO 2 ])/[MnO 2 ] is 5-13.
- austenitic welding materials have traditionally been used to obtain weld metals with excellent low-temperature toughness.
- austenitic welding materials have the property of being prone to high-temperature cracking. For this reason, there is a demand for weld metals that suppress the occurrence of high-temperature cracking.
- the objective of this disclosure is to provide a weld metal in which the occurrence of hot cracks is suppressed, a weld joint having the weld metal, and a welded structure having the weld joint.
- the means for solving the problems include the following aspects. ⁇ 1>
- the chemical composition is expressed as mass% relative to the total mass of the weld metal.
- C 0.20-0.80%, Si: 0.03-0.50%, Mn: 5.1 to 20.0%, P: 0 to 0.050%, S: 0 to 0.050%, Cu: 0 to 5.0%, Ni: 6.0 to 20.0%, Cr: 0-10.0%, Mo: 0-10.0%, Nb: 0 to 5.00%, V: 0-5.00%, Ta: 0-5.000%, Hf: 0-5.000%, Ti: 0 to 5.00%, Zr: 0-5.000%, Co: 0 to 1.0%, Pb: 0 to 1.0%, Sn: 0 to 1.0%, W: 0 to 5.0%, Mg: 0 to 0.10%, Al: 0.001-0.100%, Ca: 0-5.00%, B: 0 to 0.500%, REM: 0-0.500%, N: 0 to 0.500%, O: 0.00
- ⁇ 3> The weld metal according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, comprising at least two elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr, each in the above-mentioned content.
- ⁇ 4> The weld metal according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the fcc content determined by a magnetic induction method is 70 volume% or more.
- ⁇ 5> A welded joint having the weld metal according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>.
- ⁇ 6> A welded structure having the weld joint according to ⁇ 5>.
- the present disclosure provides a weld metal in which the occurrence of hot cracks is suppressed, a weld joint having the weld metal, and a welded structure having the weld joint.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a base material having a groove used in the examples.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a test device for a FISCO cracking test.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a test device for a FISCO cracking test.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a welded joint sample for explaining high-temperature cracking that occurs in a weld metal portion in a FISCO cracking test.
- the weld metal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has a predetermined chemical composition and contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr in the content described below.
- the weld metal according to the present disclosure has the above-described configuration, which suppresses the occurrence of hot cracks. 0060
- austenitic welding materials have been used as welding materials that can produce weld metal with excellent low-temperature toughness, for example, in steels containing 6-9% Ni used for LNG tanks.
- austenitic welding materials have the characteristic of being prone to hot cracking. This is thought to be because austenitic welding materials solidify in the gamma phase (face-centered cubic lattice fcc), causing severe solidification segregation of P, S, C, and Si, etc., which results in a lower melting point of the liquid phase in the (gamma phase + liquid phase) state, and tensile stress due to solidification shrinkage is applied to the liquid phase, causing hot cracking.
- gamma phase face-centered cubic lattice fcc
- the inventors have focused on the crystallization of carbides in the liquid phase as a method for increasing the melting point of the liquid phase during solidification.
- the melting point of the liquid phase can be lowered by solidification segregation occurring as the solidification of the weld metal progresses.
- This liquid phase contains concentrated P, S, C, and Si, and by crystallizing carbides in this liquid phase, the C concentration in the liquid phase can be significantly reduced. As a result, the melting point of the liquid phase increases, and it is believed that hot cracking is suppressed.
- the weld metal according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured to contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Hf, Nb, and Ta, which are elements that easily form carbides, in a predetermined content, respectively.
- the weld metal contains a predetermined amount of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Hf, Nb, and Ta, the C concentration in the liquid phase decreases due to the crystallization of carbides, and the melting point of the liquid phase increases, suppressing hot cracking.
- the FISCO cracking test specified in JIS Z 3155 (1993) is an example of an indicator of high-temperature cracking, and it is preferable that the cracking rate in the FISCO cracking test for the weld metal according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is 15% or less.
- the chemical composition of the weld metal is: C: 0.20-0.80%, Si: 0.03-0.50%, Mn: 5.1 to 20.0%, P: 0 to 0.050%, S: 0 to 0.050%, Cu: 0 to 5.0%, Ni: 6.0 to 20.0%, Cr: 0-10.0%, Mo: 0-10.0%, Nb: 0 to 5.00%, V: 0-5.00%, Ta: 0-5.000%, Hf: 0-5.000%, Ti: 0 to 5.00%, Zr: 0-5.000%, Co: 0 to 1.0%, Pb: 0 to 1.0%, Sn: 0 to 1.0%, W: 0 to 5.0%, Mg: 0 to 0.10%, Al: 0.001-0.100%, Ca: 0-5.00%, B: 0 to 0.500%, REM: 0-0.500%, N: 0 to 0.500%, O: 0.001 to 0.150%, and the balance: Fe and impurities;
- the alloy further contains at least one element selected
- C is an element that improves the strength of the weld metal and ensures the strength of the weld metal.
- the C content of the weld metal is set to 0.20 to 0.80%.
- the lower limit of the C content of the weld metal may preferably be 0.22%, 0.25%, 0.27%, 0.30%, 0.32%, 0.35%, 0.37%, or 0.40%.
- the upper limit of the C content of the weld metal is preferably 0.75%, 0.70%, 0.65%, 0.60%, 0.55%, or 0.50%.
- Silicon is a deoxidizing element. If the silicon content of the weld metal is too low, the oxygen content of the weld metal increases. On the other hand, Si has a low solid solubility in the austenite phase, and the greater the Si content, the more likely solidification segregation occurs, resulting in hot cracking. Therefore, the Si content in the weld metal is set to 0.03 to 0.50%.
- the lower limit of the Si content in the weld metal is preferably 0.04%, 0.05%, or 0.08%.
- the upper limit of the Si content in the weld metal is preferably 0.48%, 0.45%, 0.40%, 0.35%, 0.30%, or 0.20%.
- Mn is an austenite stabilizing element. If the Mn content in the weld metal is too low, the austenitization of the weld metal is difficult to proceed, and low-temperature toughness is deteriorated. Mn is also an element that functions as a deoxidizer to improve the cleanliness of the weld metal. Mn is also an element that renders S in the weld metal harmless by forming MnS, thereby improving the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal. In addition, Mn has the effect of preventing high-temperature cracking.
- the Mn content of the weld metal is set to 5.1 to 20.0%.
- the lower limit of the Mn content of the weld metal is preferably 5.5%, 5.7%, 6.0%, 7.0%, 8.0%, 9.0%, or 10.0%.
- the upper limit of the Mn content of the weld metal is preferably 19.0%, 18.0%, 17.0%, 15.0%, or 14.5%.
- the P content of the weld metal is preferably 0.040% or less, 0.030% or less, 0.020% or less, 0.015% or less, or 0.010% or less.
- S is an impurity element that promotes hot cracking or reduces toughness, so it is preferable to reduce the S content of the weld metal as much as possible. Therefore, the lower limit of the S content of the weld metal is set to 0%. However, from the viewpoint of reducing the desulfurization cost, the S content of the weld metal should be 0.003% or more. On the other hand, if the S content of the weld metal is 0.050% or less, the adverse effect of S on toughness falls within an allowable range. Therefore, the S content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.050%. In order to effectively suppress hot cracking or a decrease in toughness, the S content of the weld metal is preferably 0.040% or less, 0.030% or less, 0.020% or less, 0.015% or less, or 0.010% or less.
- Cu is a precipitation strengthening element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the strength of the weld metal.
- Cu is also an austenite stabilizing element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low temperature toughness of the weld metal.
- the Cu content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.0%.
- the lower limit of the Cu content in the weld metal is preferably 0.3%, 0.5%, or 0.7%.
- the upper limit of the Cu content in the weld metal is preferably 4.5%, 4.0%, or 3.5%.
- Ni is an austenite stabilizing element. If the Ni content in the weld metal is too low, the austenitization of the weld metal becomes difficult to proceed, and the low-temperature toughness deteriorates. On the other hand, increasing the Ni content of the weld metal increases the cost of the weld metal. Therefore, the Ni content of the weld metal is set to 6.0 to 20.0%.
- the lower limit of the Ni content of the weld metal is preferably 6.5%, 7.0%, 7.5%, or 8.0%.
- the upper limit of the Ni content in the weld metal is preferably 19.0%, 17.0%, 15.0%, or 13.0%.
- Cr is an austenite stabilizing element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal.
- the Cr content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 10.0%.
- the lower limit of the Cr content of the weld metal is preferably 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0%.
- the upper limit of the Cr content of the weld metal is preferably 9.0%, 8.0%, or 7.0%.
- Mo is a precipitation strengthening element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the strength of the weld metal.
- Mo content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 10.0%.
- the lower limit of the Mo content in the weld metal is preferably 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0%.
- the upper limit of the Mo content in the weld metal is preferably 9.0%, 8.0%, or 7.0%.
- Nb is an element that forms carbides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Nb content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
- the lower limit of the Nb content of the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.20%.
- the upper limit of the Nb content of the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, 3.00%, or 2.50%.
- the lower limit of the Nb content in the weld metal is preferably within the range described below.
- V is an element that forms carbonitrides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the V content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
- the lower limit of the V content of the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.20%.
- the upper limit of the V content of the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, or 3.00%.
- the lower limit of the V content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
- Ta is an element that forms carbides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Ta content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.000%.
- the lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.003%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, 0.030%, or 0.050%.
- the upper limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably 4.500%, 4.000%, 3.500%, 3.000%, 2.000%, 1.000%, 0.500%, 0.200%, or 0.100%.
- the lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
- Hf Hf is an element that forms carbides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Hf content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.000%.
- the lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.002%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, 0.030%, or 0.040%.
- the upper limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably 4.500%, 4.000%, 3.500%, 3.000%, 2.000%, 1.000%, 0.500%, 0.200%, or 0.100%.
- the lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably within the range described below.
- Ti is a deoxidizing element and may be contained in the weld metal in order to suppress welding defects and improve the cleanliness of the weld metal.
- the Ti content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
- the lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably 0.003%, 0.01%, 0.02%, or 0.03%.
- the upper limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, or 3.00%, 2.00%, or 1.50%.
- the lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
- Zr 0-5.000%
- Zr content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.000%.
- the lower limit of the Zr content of the weld metal is preferably 0.003%, 0.01%, 0.02%, or 0.03%.
- the upper limit of the Zr content of the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, or 3.00%, 2.00%, 1.50%, or 1.00%.
- the lower limit of the Zr content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
- Co (Co: 0-1.0%) Co is an element that increases the strength of the weld metal through solid solution strengthening, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Co content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 1.0%.
- the lower limit of the Co content in the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, or 0.2%.
- the upper limit of the Co content of the weld metal is preferably 0.95%, 0.9%, 0.85%, or 0.8%.
- Pb 0-1.0%)
- Pb has the effect of improving the toe formability between the base steel material and the weld metal and improving the machinability of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Pb content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 1.0%.
- the lower limit of the Pb content of the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, or 0.2%.
- the upper limit of the Pb content of the weld metal is preferably 0.95%, 0.9%, 0.85%, or 0.8%.
- Sn is an element that improves the corrosion resistance of the weld metal and may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Sn content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 1.0%.
- the lower limit of the Sn content in the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, or 0.2%.
- the upper limit of the Sn content of the weld metal is preferably 0.95%, 0.9%, 0.85%, or 0.8%.
- W is a solid solution strengthening element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve strength.
- the W content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.0%.
- the lower limit of the W content of the weld metal is preferably 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, or 1.0%.
- the upper limit of the W content of the weld metal is preferably 4.8%, 4.5%, 4.3%, or 4.0%.
- Mg is a deoxidizing element and is effective in reducing oxygen and improving toughness, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Mg content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.10%.
- the lower limit of the Mg content in the weld metal is preferably 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, or 0.04%.
- the upper limit of the Mg content of the weld metal is preferably 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, or 0.06%.
- Al is a deoxidizing element and is contained in the weld metal to suppress welding defects and improve the cleanliness of the weld metal.
- Al content in the weld metal is set to 0.001 to 0.100%.
- the lower limit of the Al content in the weld metal is preferably 0.003%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, or 0.030%.
- the upper limit of the Al content of the weld metal is preferably 0.090%, 0.080%, or 0.070%.
- Ca (Ca: 0-5.00%) Ca has the effect of changing the structure of sulfides in the weld metal and of reducing the size of sulfides and oxides in the weld metal, and is therefore effective in improving the ductility and toughness of the weld metal, so Ca may be contained in the weld metal.
- the Ca content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
- the lower limit of the Ca content in the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.02%, or 0.03%.
- the upper limit of the Ca content in the weld metal is preferably 4.8%, 4.5%, 4.3%, 4.0%, 3.0%, 2.0%, 1.0%, or 0.5%.
- B is an austenite stabilizing element and an interstitial solid solution strengthening element, and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low temperature toughness and strength of the weld metal.
- M 23 (C, B) 6 precipitates, causing a deterioration in toughness. Therefore, the B content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.5000%.
- the lower limit of the B content of the weld metal is preferably 0.0005%, 0.001%, or 0.002%.
- the upper limit of the B content of the weld metal is preferably 0.480%, 0.450%, 0.430%, 0.400%, 0.300%, 0.200%, 0.100%, or 0.050%.
- REM 0-0.500%
- REM is an element that stabilizes the arc during welding work to obtain the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
- the REM content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.500%.
- the lower limit of the REM content of the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.002%, or 0.005%.
- the upper limit for the REM content of the weld metal is preferably 0.480%, 0.450%, 0.430%, 0.400%, 0.300%, 0.200%, 0.100%, or 0.050%.
- N is an austenite stabilizing element and an interstitial solid solution strengthening element, and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low temperature toughness and strength of the weld metal.
- the N content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.500%.
- the lower limit of the N content of the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, or 0.050%.
- the upper limit of the N content of the weld metal is preferably 0.450%, 0.400%, or 0.350%, 0.300%, 0.200%, or 0.100%.
- O is contained in the weld metal as an impurity.
- the upper limit of the O content in the weld metal is set to 0.150% or less.
- the lower limit of the O content in the weld metal is set to 0.001% or less.
- the lower limit of the O content in the weld metal is preferably 0.002% or 0.003%.
- the upper limit of the O content in the weld metal is preferably 0.130% or 0.100%.
- the remaining components in the chemical composition of the weld metal are Fe and impurities.
- impurities refers to components that are mixed in due to raw materials such as ores or scraps, or various factors in the manufacturing process, when industrially producing weld metal, and are acceptable within a range that does not adversely affect the properties of the weld metal.
- the weld metal contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr (hereinafter simply referred to as the "specific element") in the following content:
- the specific element By containing the specific element in the following content, carbides can be crystallized in the liquid phase to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase, and high-temperature cracking can be suppressed.
- Nb More than 1.00%
- V More than 1.00%
- Ta More than 0.001%
- Hf More than 0.001%
- Ti More than 0.10%
- Zr More than 0.500%
- the lower limit of the Nb content in the weld metal is more than 1.00%.
- the lower limit of the Nb content in the weld metal is preferably 1.10%, 1.20%, 1.30%, or 1.50%.
- the lower limit of the V content in the weld metal is more than 1.00%.
- the lower limit of the V content in the weld metal is preferably 1.10%, 1.20%, 1.30%, 1.50%, 1.80%, or 2.00%.
- the lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is 0.001% or more.
- the lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably 0.002%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.030%, 0.050%, or 0.060%.
- the lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is 0.001% or more.
- the lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably 0.002%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.030%, 0.040%, 0.050%, or 0.060%.
- the lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is more than 0.10%.
- the lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably 0.11%, 0.13%, 0.20%, 0.30%, 0.50%, 0.80%, or 1.00%.
- the lower limit of the Zr content in the weld metal is more than 0.500%.
- the lower limit of the Zr content in the weld metal is preferably 0.510%, 0.530%, 0.550%, 0.600%, or 0.630%.
- the weld metal preferably contains at least one of Ta and Hf in the following content:
- Ta and Hf which are considered to have a higher carbide forming ability, the formation of carbides is promoted, and as a result, hot cracking can be further suppressed.
- the specific elements i.e., elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr
- the inclusion of two or more specific elements promotes the formation of carbides more than the addition of only one of the specific elements at the above content.
- the inclusion of two or more specific elements is thought to lower the activity of the carbide (increase the activity of the carbide-forming element), promoting the reaction.
- Mn and Ni are austenite stabilizing elements that improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal.
- Ni is an expensive metal
- the Mn content and Ni content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned range, and that the sum of the Mn content and Ni content (Mn+Ni) is 11.5% or more, and more preferably 12.0% or more, 13.0% or more, or 15.0% or more.
- the Mn content and the Ni content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned ranges, and that the sum of the Mn content and the Ni content (Mn + Ni) is 37.0% or less.
- the total content of Mn and Ni in the weld metal (Mn+Ni) is more preferably 35.0% or less, 32.0% or less, or 30.0% or less.
- Mn, Ni, and Cr are each an austenite stabilizing element and improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal.
- Ni is an expensive metal, so in order to improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal while suppressing the cost of the weld metal, it is preferable that the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned ranges, and that the total of the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content (Mn+Ni+Cr) be 15.0% or more.
- the total of the Mn content, Ni content and Cr content (Mn+Ni+Cr) in the weld metal is more preferably 17.0% or more, 19.0% or more, 20.0% or more, 22.0% or more, 24.0% or more, 26.0% or more, 28.0% or more, or 30.0% or more.
- the Mn content is not excessive, the stacking fault energy does not become too low and toughness can be ensured. Furthermore, since the Cr content is not excessive, the amount of low melting point compounds in the molten metal can be reduced, and the solid-liquid coexistence temperature range of the molten metal can be prevented from widening, so that the occurrence of hot cracks can be suppressed.
- the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned range, and the total of the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content (Mn + Ni + Cr) is 47.0% or less.
- the total content of Mn, Ni and Cr (Mn+Ni+Cr) in the weld metal is more preferably 45.0% or less, 42.0% or less, or 40.0% or less.
- Mn and Ni are each an austenite stabilizing element and improve the low temperature toughness of the weld metal.
- Ni is an expensive metal, and if Mn is excessively increased, the stacking fault energy decreases and the toughness deteriorates. Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal while suppressing the cost of the weld metal, it is preferable that the mass ratio of the Mn content to the Ni content (Ni/Mn) in the weld metal be 0.33 or more.
- the lower limit of the mass ratio (Ni/Mn) of the Mn content to the Ni content in the weld metal is more preferably 0.50, 0.70, 1.00, 1.10, or 1.20.
- the upper limit of the mass ratio (Ni/Mn) of the Mn content to the Ni content in the weld metal is preferably 3.80, 3.50, 3.30, or 3.00.
- the fcc content in the weld metal is 70 volume % or more.
- the fcc content is more preferably 80 volume % or more, or 90 volume % or more, and may be 100 volume %.
- the remainder of the structure is bcc.
- the tensile strength of the weld metal is preferably, for example, 590 to 1200 MPa.
- the tensile strength can be measured by conducting a tensile test on the weld metal in accordance with JIS Z3111:2005.
- the weld joint according to the present disclosure includes the weld metal according to the present disclosure.
- the weld joint according to the present disclosure includes a steel material serving as a base material, and a welded portion including a weld metal and a weld heat affected zone.
- a welded structure according to the present disclosure has the welded joint according to the present disclosure.
- the welded joint according to the present disclosure contains the weld metal according to the present disclosure, and is therefore inexpensive and has excellent low-temperature toughness.
- the welded joint according to the present disclosure can be manufactured by welding the base steel material with a welding material.
- the method of manufacturing a welded joint according to the present disclosure is obtained by gas-shielded arc welding of steel material using a flux-cored wire.
- the chemical components of the weld metal include components derived from the flux-cored wire, which is the welding material, and the steel material, which is the base material.
- the manufacturing method of the welded joint according to the present disclosure is obtained by submerged arc welding using a solid wire and flux.
- a solid wire and flux For example, in submerged arc welding, granular flux is spread on the weld line in advance, a solid wire is fed into it, and welding is performed by the arc heat generated from the arc between the solid wire and the steel material in the flux.
- the chemical components of the weld metal include components derived from the solid wire and flux, which are the welding materials, and the steel material, which is the base material.
- the manufacturing method of the welded joint according to the present disclosure can be obtained by a welding method such as, for example, shielded metal arc welding, simple electrogas arc welding, electroslag welding, TIG welding, and gas shielded welding using a solid wire.
- a welding method such as, for example, shielded metal arc welding, simple electrogas arc welding, electroslag welding, TIG welding, and gas shielded welding using a solid wire.
- the chemical components of the weld metal include components derived from the welding material and the base steel material.
- the base material of the welded joint according to the present disclosure i.e., the type of steel material (welded material) used in the manufacturing method of the welded joint described above, is not particularly limited, but for example, Ni-based low-temperature steel containing 6-9% Ni with a plate thickness of 20 mm or more can be suitably used.
- SAW submerged arc welding
- SMAW shielded metal arc welding
- FCAW gas arc welding using filler metal (Tungsten Inert Gas: TIG ) to obtain the weld metal.
- Submerged arc welding (SAW) using solid wire and flux> Solid wire manufacturing
- the solid wire was manufactured by the method described below. First, the steel was melted and then forged, then rolled into a rod shape, and the rod shape was drawn to obtain a solid wire. In this way, a solid wire with a final wire diameter of ⁇ 2.4 mm was produced. After the production, a lubricant was applied to the wire surface.
- the obtained solid wire was used to perform submerged arc welding to produce a welded joint having a weld metal.
- the solid wire was used in combination with NITTETSU FLUX 10H manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metals Co., Ltd., which is a flux for submerged arc welding, to perform submerged arc welding.
- a steel plate (20 mmt x 120 mmw x 300 mml) having the composition shown in Table 1 was used as the steel plate (base material) to be welded.
- a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°.
- the base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm. Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B.
- the welding conditions were the conditions for "submerged arc welding (SAW)" shown in Table 2. In this way, a welded joint having a weld metal was produced.
- the chemical composition of the weld metal was controlled by adjusting the composition of the solid wire.
- the chemical compositions of the weld metal in the produced welded joints are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 (Nos. 1 to 8, 33, 34, and 39).
- Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) using a shielded metal arc welding electrode> (Manufacture of covered electrodes)
- the covered electrode was manufactured by the method described below. First, a core wire was coated with flux and baked for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature range of 300 to 500° C. to produce a prototype covered metal arc welding rod. The final welding rod diameter of the obtained covered metal arc welding rod was ⁇ 6.0 mm, and the average thickness of the flux was 1.0 mm.
- the resulting covered metal arc welding rod was used to produce a welded joint having a weld metal by covered metal arc welding.
- a steel plate (base material) to be welded a steel plate (20 mmt x 120 mmw x 300 mml) having the composition shown in Table 1 was used.
- a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°.
- the base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm.
- Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B.
- the welding conditions were the conditions for "sheathed metal arc welding (SMAW)" shown in Table 2.
- FCAW Flux-cored wire arc welding
- FCAW Manufacturing of flux-cored wire
- the flux-cored wire was produced by the method described below. First, a steel strip was fed in the longitudinal direction and formed into a U-shaped open tube using a forming roll. Flux was supplied into the open tube through the opening of the open tube, and the opposing edges of the opening of the open tube were butt-welded to obtain a seamless tube. This seamless tube was drawn to obtain a flux-cored wire without slit-like gaps. In this manner, a flux-cored wire having a final wire diameter of ⁇ 1.2 mm was produced. During the drawing process, the flux-cored wires were annealed for 4 hours or more within a temperature range of 650 to 950° C. After the prototypes were made, a lubricant was applied to the wire surface.
- the obtained flux-cored wire was used to produce a welded joint having a weld metal by gas-shielded arc welding.
- a steel plate (base material) to be welded a steel plate (20 mmt x 120 mmw x 300 mml) having the composition shown in Table 1 was used.
- a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°.
- the base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm.
- Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B.
- the welding conditions were the conditions for "flux-cored wire (FCAW)" shown in Table 2.
- the obtained filler metal (solid wire) was used for welding by gas tungsten arc welding to produce a welded joint having a weld metal.
- a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°.
- the base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm. Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B.
- the welding conditions were the conditions for "tungsten arc welding (TIG)" shown in Table 2.
- the unit of the contents of the chemical components of the weld metal shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 is "mass % relative to the total mass of the weld metal.”
- the balance of the weld metals shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 i.e., components other than those shown in the tables) is iron and impurities.
- the blanks in the tables for the contents of chemical components in the weld metal mean that the contents of the chemical components are less than the significant digits. These chemical components may be unavoidably mixed or generated in amounts less than the significant digits.
- the fcc content in the structure of the weld metal was determined by the following method. First, a sample was taken from the weld metal. The sample was taken from the center of the weld metal so that the base metal was not included. The bcc content (volume%) was measured on the surface of the sample by a magnetic induction method using a FERITSCOPE (registered trademark) FMP30 (manufactured by Fisher Instruments, Inc.) and a Fisher Instruments probe (FGAB 1.3-Fe) as the probe of the measuring instrument.
- FERITSCOPE registered trademark
- FMP30 manufactured by Fisher Instruments, Inc.
- FGAB 1.3-Fe Fisher Instruments probe
- the probe of the FERITSCOPE was placed on the center of the surface cut perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the weld bead, and on a surface as flat as possible.
- the probe diameter was 7 mm.
- the arithmetic average value of the measured bcc contents was calculated, and the fcc content (volume %) in the structure of the weld metal was calculated using the obtained average bcc content value according to the following formula.
- fcc content rate 100-bcc content rate
- FISCO Cracking Evaluation Method The hot cracking resistance was evaluated for cracking (hot cracking) occurring when solidifying from the liquid phase by carrying out a FISCO cracking test (JIS Z 3155 (1993): "C-type jig restraint butt weld cracking test method" (Method of FISCO test).
- FISCO cracking test JIS Z 3155 (1993): "C-type jig restraint butt weld cracking test method" (Method of FISCO test).
- FISCO cracking test first, two steel plates 10A (base material) were butted together and placed on the rough surface 122 of a C-type jig 12 as shown in FIG. 2A, and the ends of each were fixed with fixing bolts 14. The two steel plates 10A were placed so that the butted parts were located on the non-rough surface part 124 in the center of the rough surface 122.
- the length of cracks occurring in the weld metal portion was measured.
- the weld length was L (mm)
- the total crack length of L was Lc (mm)
- the crack rate R (%) was calculated using the following formula.
- a crack rate R ⁇ 15% was judged as pass, and a crack rate R>15% was judged as fail.
- R Lc/L ⁇ 100(%)
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Abstract
Description
本開示は、溶接金属、溶接継手、及び溶接構造物に関する。 This disclosure relates to welded metals, welded joints, and welded structures.
近年、地球温暖化の問題による二酸化炭素排出量規制強化により、石油及び石炭などに比べて二酸化炭素の排出がない水素燃料、並びに二酸化炭素の排出が少ない天然ガスなどの需要が高まっている。それに伴い、船舶や地上などで使用する液体水素タンク、液体炭酸ガスタンクおよびLNGタンク等の建造の需要も世界的に高まっている。液体水素タンク、液体炭酸ガスタンクおよびLNGタンクなどに使用される鋼材には、極低温度(例えば-196℃)での靭性確保の要求から、6~9%のNiを含むNi系低温用鋼が使用されている。
そして、これらNi系低温用鋼の溶接には、優れた低温靭性の溶接金属が得られるオーステナイト系の溶接材料を用いて溶接することで溶接金属が形成されている。この溶接材料は、主に、Ni含有量が70%で設計されている。
In recent years, due to the tightening of regulations on carbon dioxide emissions in response to the problem of global warming, there has been an increasing demand for hydrogen fuel, which does not emit carbon dioxide compared to petroleum and coal, and natural gas, which emits less carbon dioxide. Accordingly, there has been an increasing global demand for the construction of liquid hydrogen tanks, liquid carbon dioxide tanks, LNG tanks, etc., for use on ships and on land. For the steel materials used in liquid hydrogen tanks, liquid carbon dioxide tanks, LNG tanks, etc., Ni-based low-temperature steels containing 6 to 9% Ni are used because of the need to ensure toughness at extremely low temperatures (e.g., -196°C).
In addition, in welding these Ni-based low-temperature steels, austenitic welding materials that can provide weld metals with excellent low-temperature toughness are used to form weld metals. These welding materials are mainly designed with a Ni content of 70%.
例えば、Ni含有量70%の溶接材料として、特許文献1には、「Ni含有量が35~70%であり、フラックス中にワイヤ全質量に対して、TiO2、SiO2及びZrO2を総量で4.0質量%以上含み、さらに、Mn酸化物をMnO2換算で0.6~1.2質量%含み、かつ、TiO2、SiO2、ZrO2及びMnO2(換算量)の含有量を質量%で、それぞれ、[TiO2]、[SiO2]、[ZrO2]及び[MnO2]としたとき、[TiO2]/[ZrO2]が2.3~3.3、[SiO2]/[ZrO2]が0.9~1.5、及び、([TiO2]+[SiO2]+[ZrO2])/[MnO2]が5~13である、Ni基合金を外皮とするフラックス入りワイヤ」が開示されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 describes a welding material with a Ni content of 70% as follows: "Ni content is 35 to 70%, and the flux contains TiO 2 , SiO 2 and ZrO 2 in a total amount of 4.0 mass% or more with respect to the total mass of the wire, and further contains Mn oxides in an amount of 0.6 to 1.2 mass% calculated as MnO 2 , and when the contents of TiO 2 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 and MnO 2 (converted amounts) are [TiO 2 ], [SiO 2 ], [ZrO 2 ] and [MnO 2 ], respectively, the ratio [TiO 2 ]/[ZrO 2 ] is 2.3 to 3.3, the ratio [SiO 2 ]/[ZrO 2 ] is 0.9 to 1.5, and ([TiO 2 ] + [SiO 2 ] + [ZrO 2 ])/[MnO 2 ] is 5-13. A flux-cored wire having an outer sheath made of a Ni-based alloy is disclosed.
前述の通り、従来から低温靭性に優れた溶接金属が得られる溶接材料としてオーステナイト系溶接材料が用いられている。ただし、オーステナイト系溶接材料は高温割れを生じやすいという特性を有する。そのため、高温割れの発生が抑制された溶接金属が望まれている。 As mentioned above, austenitic welding materials have traditionally been used to obtain weld metals with excellent low-temperature toughness. However, austenitic welding materials have the property of being prone to high-temperature cracking. For this reason, there is a demand for weld metals that suppress the occurrence of high-temperature cracking.
本開示の課題は、高温割れの発生が抑制された溶接金属、該溶接金属を有する溶接継手、及び該溶接継手を有する溶接構造物を提供することである。 The objective of this disclosure is to provide a weld metal in which the occurrence of hot cracks is suppressed, a weld joint having the weld metal, and a welded structure having the weld joint.
課題を解決するための手段は、次の態様を含む。
<1>
溶接金属の全質量に対する質量%で、化学成分が、
C :0.20~0.80%、
Si:0.03~0.50%、
Mn:5.1~20.0%、
P :0~0.050%、
S :0~0.050%、
Cu:0~5.0%、
Ni:6.0~20.0%、
Cr:0~10.0%、
Mo:0~10.0%、
Nb:0~5.00%、
V :0~5.00%、
Ta:0~5.000%、
Hf:0~5.000%、
Ti:0~5.00%、
Zr:0~5.000%、
Co:0~1.0%、
Pb:0~1.0%、
Sn:0~1.0%、
W :0~5.0%、
Mg:0~0.10%、
Al:0.001~0.100%、
Ca:0~5.00%、
B :0~0.500%、
REM:0~0.500%、
N :0~0.500%、
O :0.001~0.150%、並びに
残部:Fe及び不純物であり、
且つ前記Nb、前記V、前記Ta、前記Hf、前記Ti、及び前記Zrからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素を下記の含有量で含む、溶接金属。
Nb:1.00%超
V :1.00%超
Ta:0.001%以上
Hf:0.001%以上
Ti:0.10%超
Zr:0.500%超
<2>
前記Mnの含有量と前記Niの含有量との質量比(Ni/Mn)が0.33以上である、<1>に記載の溶接金属。
<3>
前記Nb、前記V、前記Ta、前記Hf、前記Ti、及び前記Zrからなる群より選択される少なくとも二種の元素をそれぞれ前記の含有量で含む、<1>又は<2>に記載の溶接金属。
<4>
磁気誘導法により求められるfcc含有率が70体積%以上である、<1>~<3>のいずれか一項に記載の溶接金属。
<5>
<1>~<4>のいずれか1項に記載の溶接金属を有する、溶接継手。
<6>
<5>に記載の溶接継手を有する溶接構造物。
The means for solving the problems include the following aspects.
<1>
The chemical composition is expressed as mass% relative to the total mass of the weld metal.
C: 0.20-0.80%,
Si: 0.03-0.50%,
Mn: 5.1 to 20.0%,
P: 0 to 0.050%,
S: 0 to 0.050%,
Cu: 0 to 5.0%,
Ni: 6.0 to 20.0%,
Cr: 0-10.0%,
Mo: 0-10.0%,
Nb: 0 to 5.00%,
V: 0-5.00%,
Ta: 0-5.000%,
Hf: 0-5.000%,
Ti: 0 to 5.00%,
Zr: 0-5.000%,
Co: 0 to 1.0%,
Pb: 0 to 1.0%,
Sn: 0 to 1.0%,
W: 0 to 5.0%,
Mg: 0 to 0.10%,
Al: 0.001-0.100%,
Ca: 0-5.00%,
B: 0 to 0.500%,
REM: 0-0.500%,
N: 0 to 0.500%,
O: 0.001 to 0.150%, and the balance: Fe and impurities;
and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr in the following content:
Nb: More than 1.00% V: More than 1.00% Ta: More than 0.001% Hf: More than 0.001% Ti: More than 0.10% Zr: More than 0.500% <2>
The weld metal according to <1>, wherein a mass ratio (Ni/Mn) of the Mn content to the Ni content is 0.33 or more.
<3>
The weld metal according to <1> or <2>, comprising at least two elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr, each in the above-mentioned content.
<4>
The weld metal according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the fcc content determined by a magnetic induction method is 70 volume% or more.
<5>
A welded joint having the weld metal according to any one of <1> to <4>.
<6>
A welded structure having the weld joint according to <5>.
本開示によれば、高温割れの発生が抑制された溶接金属、該溶接金属を有する溶接継手、及び該溶接継手を有する溶接構造物が提供される。 The present disclosure provides a weld metal in which the occurrence of hot cracks is suppressed, a weld joint having the weld metal, and a welded structure having the weld joint.
本開示の一例である実施形態について説明する。
なお、本明細書中において、「~」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値に「超」及び「未満」が付されていない場合は、これらの数値を下限値及び上限値として含む範囲を意味する。また、「~」の前後に記載される数値に「超」又は「未満」が付されている場合の数値範囲は、これらの数値を下限値又は上限値として含まない範囲を意味する。
本明細書中に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、ある段階的な数値範囲の上限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値に置き換えてもよく、また、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。また、ある段階的な数値範囲の下限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の下限値に置き換えてもよく、また、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
また、含有量について、「%」は「質量%」を意味する。
含有量(%)として「0~」は、その成分は任意成分であり、含有しなくてもよいことを意味する。
An embodiment that is an example of the present disclosure will be described.
In this specification, when a numerical range expressed using "to" is not preceded or followed by "more than" or "less than", it means a range that includes these numerical values as the lower and upper limits. When "to" is preceded or followed by "more than" or "less than", it means a range that does not include these numerical values as the lower or upper limit.
In the present specification, the upper limit of a certain numerical range may be replaced by the upper limit of another numerical range, or may be replaced by a value shown in an example. The lower limit of a certain numerical range may be replaced by the lower limit of another numerical range, or may be replaced by a value shown in an example.
In addition, with regard to the content, "%" means "mass %".
The content (%) of "0 to" means that the component is an optional component and may not be contained.
<溶接金属>
本開示の実施形態に係る溶接金属は、化学成分が所定の組成であり、且つNb、V、Ta、Hf、Ti、及びZrからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素を後述の含有量で含む。
<Weld metal>
The weld metal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has a predetermined chemical composition and contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr in the content described below.
本開示に係る溶接金属は、上記構成により、高温割れの発生が抑制される。
0060
The weld metal according to the present disclosure has the above-described configuration, which suppresses the occurrence of hot cracks.
0060
従来から、低温靭性に優れた溶接金属が得られる溶接材料としてオーステナイト系溶接材料が用いられており、例えばLNGタンク用に用いられる6~9%のNiを含む鋼等に用いられている。ただし、オーステナイト系溶接材料は高温割れを生じやすいという特性を有する。これは、オーステナイト系溶接材料はγ相(面心立方格子fcc)で凝固するため、P、S、C、及びSiなどの激しい凝固偏析が生じ、その結果(γ相+液相)時における液相の融点が下がり、液相に対し凝固収縮による引張の応力が印加されて高温割れが生じるためと考えられる。 Conventionally, austenitic welding materials have been used as welding materials that can produce weld metal with excellent low-temperature toughness, for example, in steels containing 6-9% Ni used for LNG tanks. However, austenitic welding materials have the characteristic of being prone to hot cracking. This is thought to be because austenitic welding materials solidify in the gamma phase (face-centered cubic lattice fcc), causing severe solidification segregation of P, S, C, and Si, etc., which results in a lower melting point of the liquid phase in the (gamma phase + liquid phase) state, and tensile stress due to solidification shrinkage is applied to the liquid phase, causing hot cracking.
これに対して本発明者らは、凝固時の液相の融点を上げる方法として、液相中での炭化物の晶出に着目した。溶接金属における凝固の進行とともに凝固偏析が生じることで、液相の融点を下げることができる。この液相にはP、S、C、及びSiが濃化しており、この液相において炭化物を晶出させることで、液相中のC濃度を大きく下げることができる。その結果、液相の融点は上昇し、高温割れが抑制されるものと考えられる。
そこで本開示の実施形態に係る溶接金属では、炭化物を形成しやすい元素であるTi、Zr、V、Hf、Nb、及びTaからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素を、それぞれ所定の含有量で含む構成とした。溶接金属がTi、Zr、V、Hf、Nb、及びTaからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素を所定量含むことで、炭化物の晶出により液相中のC濃度が低下し、液相の融点が上昇して高温割れが抑制される。
In response to this, the inventors have focused on the crystallization of carbides in the liquid phase as a method for increasing the melting point of the liquid phase during solidification. The melting point of the liquid phase can be lowered by solidification segregation occurring as the solidification of the weld metal progresses. This liquid phase contains concentrated P, S, C, and Si, and by crystallizing carbides in this liquid phase, the C concentration in the liquid phase can be significantly reduced. As a result, the melting point of the liquid phase increases, and it is believed that hot cracking is suppressed.
Therefore, the weld metal according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured to contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Hf, Nb, and Ta, which are elements that easily form carbides, in a predetermined content, respectively. When the weld metal contains a predetermined amount of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Hf, Nb, and Ta, the C concentration in the liquid phase decreases due to the crystallization of carbides, and the melting point of the liquid phase increases, suppressing hot cracking.
なお、高温割れの指標としては、JIS Z 3155(1993)に規定されるフィスコ割れ試験が挙げられ、本開示の実施形態に係る溶接金属では、上記フィスコ割れ試験での割れ率が15%以下であることが好ましい。 The FISCO cracking test specified in JIS Z 3155 (1993) is an example of an indicator of high-temperature cracking, and it is preferable that the cracking rate in the FISCO cracking test for the weld metal according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is 15% or less.
以下、本開示に係る溶接金属を構成する要件(任意要件も含む要件)の限定理由について具体的に説明する。 Below, we will explain in detail the reasons for limiting the requirements (including optional requirements) that constitute the weld metal disclosed herein.
(溶接金属の化学成分)
以下、溶接金属の化学成分について詳細に説明する。
なお、溶接金属の化学成分の説明において、「%」は、特に説明がない限り、「溶接金属の全質量に対する質量%」を意味する。
(Chemical composition of weld metal)
The chemical composition of the weld metal will be described in detail below.
In the description of the chemical components of the weld metal, "%" means "mass % relative to the total mass of the weld metal" unless otherwise specified.
溶接金属の化学成分は、
C :0.20~0.80%、
Si:0.03~0.50%、
Mn:5.1~20.0%、
P :0~0.050%、
S :0~0.050%、
Cu:0~5.0%、
Ni:6.0~20.0%、
Cr:0~10.0%、
Mo:0~10.0%、
Nb:0~5.00%、
V :0~5.00%、
Ta:0~5.000%、
Hf:0~5.000%、
Ti:0~5.00%、
Zr:0~5.000%、
Co:0~1.0%、
Pb:0~1.0%、
Sn:0~1.0%、
W :0~5.0%、
Mg:0~0.10%、
Al:0.001~0.100%、
Ca:0~5.00%、
B :0~0.500%、
REM:0~0.500%、
N :0~0.500%、
O :0.001~0.150%、並びに
残部:Fe及び不純物であり、
且つ前記Nb、前記V、前記Ta、前記Hf、前記Ti、及び前記Zrからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素を下記の含有量で含む。
Nb:1.00%超
V :1.00%超
Ta:0.001%以上
Hf:0.001%以上
Ti:0.10%超
Zr:0.500%超
The chemical composition of the weld metal is:
C: 0.20-0.80%,
Si: 0.03-0.50%,
Mn: 5.1 to 20.0%,
P: 0 to 0.050%,
S: 0 to 0.050%,
Cu: 0 to 5.0%,
Ni: 6.0 to 20.0%,
Cr: 0-10.0%,
Mo: 0-10.0%,
Nb: 0 to 5.00%,
V: 0-5.00%,
Ta: 0-5.000%,
Hf: 0-5.000%,
Ti: 0 to 5.00%,
Zr: 0-5.000%,
Co: 0 to 1.0%,
Pb: 0 to 1.0%,
Sn: 0 to 1.0%,
W: 0 to 5.0%,
Mg: 0 to 0.10%,
Al: 0.001-0.100%,
Ca: 0-5.00%,
B: 0 to 0.500%,
REM: 0-0.500%,
N: 0 to 0.500%,
O: 0.001 to 0.150%, and the balance: Fe and impurities;
The alloy further contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr in the following content.
Nb: More than 1.00% V: More than 1.00% Ta: More than 0.001% Hf: More than 0.001% Ti: More than 0.10% Zr: More than 0.500%
(C :0.20~0.80%)
Cは、溶接金属の強度を向上させる元素であり、溶接金属の強度を確保するための元素である。
一方で、溶接金属のC含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の強度上昇による、靭性を劣化させる影響が大きく、溶接金属の低温靭性が低下する。
よって、溶接金属のC含有量は、0.20~0.80%とする。
溶接金属のC含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.22%、0.25%、0.27%、0.30%、0.32%、0.35%、0.37%、又は0.40%としてもよい。
溶接金属のC含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.75%、0.70%、0.65%、0.60%、0.55%、又は0.50%である。
(C: 0.20-0.80%)
C is an element that improves the strength of the weld metal and ensures the strength of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the C content of the weld metal is excessive, the increase in the strength of the weld metal has a large effect of deteriorating toughness, and the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal decreases.
Therefore, the C content of the weld metal is set to 0.20 to 0.80%.
The lower limit of the C content of the weld metal may preferably be 0.22%, 0.25%, 0.27%, 0.30%, 0.32%, 0.35%, 0.37%, or 0.40%.
The upper limit of the C content of the weld metal is preferably 0.75%, 0.70%, 0.65%, 0.60%, 0.55%, or 0.50%.
(Si:0.03~0.50%)
Siは、脱酸元素である。溶接金属のSi含有量が低すぎると、溶接金属のO含有量が増加する。
一方、Siは、オーステナイト相に対する固溶度が低く、Siを多量に含有するほど、凝固偏析が生じ高温割れが生じる。
よって、溶接金属のSi含有量は、0.03~0.50%とする。
溶接金属のSi含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.04%、0.05%、又は0.08%である。
溶接金属のSi含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.48%、0.45%、0.40%、0.35%、0.30%、又は0.20%である。
(Si: 0.03-0.50%)
Silicon is a deoxidizing element. If the silicon content of the weld metal is too low, the oxygen content of the weld metal increases.
On the other hand, Si has a low solid solubility in the austenite phase, and the greater the Si content, the more likely solidification segregation occurs, resulting in hot cracking.
Therefore, the Si content in the weld metal is set to 0.03 to 0.50%.
The lower limit of the Si content in the weld metal is preferably 0.04%, 0.05%, or 0.08%.
The upper limit of the Si content in the weld metal is preferably 0.48%, 0.45%, 0.40%, 0.35%, 0.30%, or 0.20%.
(Mn:5.1~20.0%)
Mnは、オーステナイト安定化元素である。溶接金属のMn含有量が低すぎると、溶接金属のオーステナイト化が進行し難くなり、低温靭性が劣化する。また、Mnは、脱酸剤として機能して溶接金属の清浄度を向上させる元素である。また、Mnは、MnSを形成することで、溶接金属中のSを無害化し、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させる元素である。加えて、Mnは高温割れを防ぐ効果も有する。
一方、溶接金属のMn含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属中で偏析しやすく、偏析部で顕著な脆化が生じる。
よって、溶接金属のMn含有量は、5.1~20.0%とする。
溶接金属のMn含有量の下限は、好ましくは、5.5%、5.7%、6.0%、7.0%、8.0%、9.0%、又は10.0%である。
溶接金属のMn含有量の上限は、好ましくは、19.0%、18.0%、17.0%、15.0%、又は14.5%である。
(Mn: 5.1-20.0%)
Mn is an austenite stabilizing element. If the Mn content in the weld metal is too low, the austenitization of the weld metal is difficult to proceed, and low-temperature toughness is deteriorated. Mn is also an element that functions as a deoxidizer to improve the cleanliness of the weld metal. Mn is also an element that renders S in the weld metal harmless by forming MnS, thereby improving the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal. In addition, Mn has the effect of preventing high-temperature cracking.
On the other hand, if the Mn content in the weld metal is excessive, it is likely to segregate in the weld metal, causing significant embrittlement in the segregated area.
Therefore, the Mn content of the weld metal is set to 5.1 to 20.0%.
The lower limit of the Mn content of the weld metal is preferably 5.5%, 5.7%, 6.0%, 7.0%, 8.0%, 9.0%, or 10.0%.
The upper limit of the Mn content of the weld metal is preferably 19.0%, 18.0%, 17.0%, 15.0%, or 14.5%.
(P :0~0.050%)
Pは、不純物元素であり、高温割れを助長、または靱性を低下させるので、溶接金属のP含有量は極力低減させることが好ましい。よって、溶接金属のP含有量の下限は、0%とする。ただし、脱Pコストの低減の観点から、溶接金属のP含有量は、0.003%以上がよい。
一方、溶接金属のP含有量が0.050%以下であれば、Pの悪影響が許容できる範囲内となる。
よって、溶接金属のP含有量は、0~0.050%とする。
高温割れ、または靱性の低下を効果的に抑制するために、溶接金属のP含有量は、0.040%以下、0.030%以下、0.020%以下、0.015%以下、又は0.010%以下が好ましい。
(P: 0-0.050%)
Since P is an impurity element that promotes hot cracking or reduces toughness, it is preferable to reduce the P content of the weld metal as much as possible. Therefore, the lower limit of the P content of the weld metal is set to 0%. However, from the viewpoint of reducing the dephosphorization cost, the P content of the weld metal should be 0.003% or more.
On the other hand, if the P content of the weld metal is 0.050% or less, the adverse effects of P are within an allowable range.
Therefore, the P content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.050%.
In order to effectively suppress hot cracking or a decrease in toughness, the P content of the weld metal is preferably 0.040% or less, 0.030% or less, 0.020% or less, 0.015% or less, or 0.010% or less.
(S :0~0.050%)
Sは、不純物元素であり、高温割れを助長、または靱性を低下させるので、溶接金属のS含有量は極力低減させることが好ましい。よって、溶接金属のS含有量の下限は、0%とする。ただし、脱Sコストの低減の観点から、溶接金属のS含有量は、0.003%以上がよい。
一方、溶接金属のS含有量が0.050%以下であれば、Sの靱性への悪影響が許容できる範囲内となる。
よって、溶接金属のS含有量は、0~0.050%とする。
高温割れ、または靱性の低下を効果的に抑制するために、溶接金属のS含有量は、0.040%以下、0.030%以下、0.020%以下、0.015%以下、又は0.010%以下が好ましい。
(S: 0-0.050%)
S is an impurity element that promotes hot cracking or reduces toughness, so it is preferable to reduce the S content of the weld metal as much as possible. Therefore, the lower limit of the S content of the weld metal is set to 0%. However, from the viewpoint of reducing the desulfurization cost, the S content of the weld metal should be 0.003% or more.
On the other hand, if the S content of the weld metal is 0.050% or less, the adverse effect of S on toughness falls within an allowable range.
Therefore, the S content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.050%.
In order to effectively suppress hot cracking or a decrease in toughness, the S content of the weld metal is preferably 0.040% or less, 0.030% or less, 0.020% or less, 0.015% or less, or 0.010% or less.
(Cu:0~5.0%)
Cuは、析出強化元素であり、溶接金属の強度向上のため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。また、Cuは、オーステナイト安定化元素であり、溶接金属の低温靭性向上のため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のCu含有量が過剰であると、上記の効果が飽和する。
よって、溶接金属のCu含有量は、0~5.0%とする。
溶接金属のCu含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.3%、0.5%、又は0.7%である。
溶接金属のCu含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.5%、4.0%、又は3.5%である。
(Cu: 0-5.0%)
Cu is a precipitation strengthening element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the strength of the weld metal. Cu is also an austenite stabilizing element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low temperature toughness of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Cu content in the weld metal is excessive, the above effect becomes saturated.
Therefore, the Cu content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.0%.
The lower limit of the Cu content in the weld metal is preferably 0.3%, 0.5%, or 0.7%.
The upper limit of the Cu content in the weld metal is preferably 4.5%, 4.0%, or 3.5%.
(Ni:6.0~20.0%)
Niは、オーステナイト安定化元素である。溶接金属のNi含有量が低すぎると、溶接金属のオーステナイト化が進行し難くなり、低温靭性が劣化する。
一方、溶接金属のNi含有量を増やすと、溶接金属のコストが高くなる。
よって、溶接金属のNi含有量は、6.0~20.0%とする。
溶接金属のNi含有量の下限は、好ましくは、6.5%、7.0%、7.5%、又は8.0%である。
溶接金属のNi含有量の上限は、好ましくは、19.0%、17.0%、15.0%、又は13.0%である。
(Ni: 6.0-20.0%)
Ni is an austenite stabilizing element. If the Ni content in the weld metal is too low, the austenitization of the weld metal becomes difficult to proceed, and the low-temperature toughness deteriorates.
On the other hand, increasing the Ni content of the weld metal increases the cost of the weld metal.
Therefore, the Ni content of the weld metal is set to 6.0 to 20.0%.
The lower limit of the Ni content of the weld metal is preferably 6.5%, 7.0%, 7.5%, or 8.0%.
The upper limit of the Ni content in the weld metal is preferably 19.0%, 17.0%, 15.0%, or 13.0%.
(Cr:0~10.0%)
Crは、オーステナイト安定化元素であり、溶接金属の低温靭性向上のため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のCr含有量が過剰であると、溶融金属の固液共存温度範囲が広がるので、高温割れを起こしやすくなる。
よって、溶接金属のCr含有量は、0~10.0%とする。
溶接金属のCr含有量の下限は、好ましくは、1.0%、2.0%、又は3.0%である。
溶接金属のCr含有量の上限は、好ましくは、9.0%、8.0%、又は7.0%である。
(Cr: 0-10.0%)
Cr is an austenite stabilizing element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Cr content in the weld metal is excessive, the temperature range in which the molten metal coexists in a solid and liquid state widens, making the weld metal more susceptible to hot cracking.
Therefore, the Cr content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 10.0%.
The lower limit of the Cr content of the weld metal is preferably 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0%.
The upper limit of the Cr content of the weld metal is preferably 9.0%, 8.0%, or 7.0%.
(Mo:0~10.0%)
Moは、析出強化元素であり、溶接金属の強度向上のため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のMo含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の強度が過剰となり、低温靭性が低下する。
よって、溶接金属のMo含有量は、0~10.0%とする。
溶接金属のMo含有量の下限は、好ましくは、1.0%、2.0%、又は3.0%である。
溶接金属のMo含有量の上限は、好ましくは、9.0%、8.0%、又は7.0%である。
(Mo: 0-10.0%)
Mo is a precipitation strengthening element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the strength of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Mo content in the weld metal is excessive, the strength of the weld metal becomes excessive and the low-temperature toughness decreases.
Therefore, the Mo content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 10.0%.
The lower limit of the Mo content in the weld metal is preferably 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0%.
The upper limit of the Mo content in the weld metal is preferably 9.0%, 8.0%, or 7.0%.
(Nb:0~5.00%)
Nbは、溶接金属中で炭化物を形成し、溶接金属の強度を上昇させる元素であるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方で、溶接金属のNb含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の高温割れが発生する懸念がある。
よって、溶接金属のNb含有量は、0~5.00%とする。
溶接金属のNb含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.01%、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、又は0.20%である。
溶接金属のNb含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.50%、4.00%、3.50%、3.00%、又は2.50%である。
なお、高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにNbを添加する場合には、溶接金属のNb含有量の下限は後述の範囲であることが好ましい。
(Nb: 0-5.00%)
Nb is an element that forms carbides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Nb content in the weld metal is excessive, there is a concern that hot cracks may occur in the weld metal.
Therefore, the Nb content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
The lower limit of the Nb content of the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.20%.
The upper limit of the Nb content of the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, 3.00%, or 2.50%.
When Nb is added to crystallize carbides in the liquid phase to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Nb content in the weld metal is preferably within the range described below.
(V :0~5.00%)
Vは、溶接金属中で炭窒化物を形成し、溶接金属の強度を上昇させる元素であるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方で、溶接金属のV含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の高温割れが発生する可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のV含有量は、0~5.00%とする。
溶接金属のV含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.01%、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、又は0.20%である。
溶接金属のV含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.50%、4.00%、3.50%、又は3.00%である。
なお、高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにVを添加する場合には、溶接金属のV含有量の下限は後述の範囲であることが好ましい。
(V: 0-5.00%)
V is an element that forms carbonitrides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the V content in the weld metal is excessive, hot cracking of the weld metal may occur.
Therefore, the V content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
The lower limit of the V content of the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.20%.
The upper limit of the V content of the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, or 3.00%.
When V is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the V content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
(Ta:0~5.000%)
Taは、溶接金属中で炭化物を形成し、溶接金属の強度を上昇させる元素であるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方で、溶接金属のTa含有量が過剰であると、炭窒化物が多量かつ粗大に析出し、かえって溶接金属の靭性の低下を招く可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のTa含有量は、0~5.000%とする。
溶接金属のTa含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.001%、0.003%、0.005%、0.010%、0.020%、0.030%、又は0.050%である。
溶接金属のTa含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.500%、4.000%、3.500%、3.000%、2.000%、1.000%、0.500%、0.200%、又は0.100%である。
なお、高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにTaを添加する場合には、溶接金属のTa含有量の下限は後述の範囲であることが好ましい。
(Ta: 0-5.000%)
Ta is an element that forms carbides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Ta content in the weld metal is excessive, a large amount of coarse carbonitrides will precipitate, which may actually lead to a decrease in the toughness of the weld metal.
Therefore, the Ta content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.000%.
The lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.003%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, 0.030%, or 0.050%.
The upper limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably 4.500%, 4.000%, 3.500%, 3.000%, 2.000%, 1.000%, 0.500%, 0.200%, or 0.100%.
When Ta is added to crystallize carbides in the liquid phase to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
(Hf:0~5.000%)
Hfは、溶接金属中で炭化物を形成し、溶接金属の強度を上昇させる元素であるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方で、溶接金属のHf含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の靭性の低下を招く可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のHf含有量は、0~5.000%とする。
溶接金属のHf含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.001%、0.002%、0.005%、0.010%、0.020%、0.030%、又は0.040%である。
溶接金属のHf含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.500%、4.000%、3.500%、3.000%、2.000%、1.000%、0.500%、0.200%、又は0.100%である。
なお、高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにHfを添加する場合には、溶接金属のHf含有量の下限は後述の範囲であることが好ましい。
(Hf: 0-5.000%)
Hf is an element that forms carbides in the weld metal and increases the strength of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Hf content in the weld metal is excessive, this may lead to a decrease in the toughness of the weld metal.
Therefore, the Hf content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.000%.
The lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.002%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, 0.030%, or 0.040%.
The upper limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably 4.500%, 4.000%, 3.500%, 3.000%, 2.000%, 1.000%, 0.500%, 0.200%, or 0.100%.
When Hf is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably within the range described below.
(Ti:0~5.00%)
Tiは、脱酸元素であり、溶接欠陥抑制、及び溶接金属の清浄度向上のため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のTi含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属に炭化物が生成し、溶接金属の靭性を劣化させる可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のTi含有量は、0~5.00%とする。
溶接金属のTi含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.003%、0.01%、0.02%、又は0.03%である。
溶接金属のTi含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.50%、4.00%、3.50%、又は3.00%、2.00%、又は1.50%である。
なお、高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにTiを添加する場合には、溶接金属のTi含有量の下限は後述の範囲であることが好ましい。
(Ti: 0-5.00%)
Ti is a deoxidizing element and may be contained in the weld metal in order to suppress welding defects and improve the cleanliness of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Ti content in the weld metal is excessive, carbides are formed in the weld metal, which may deteriorate the toughness of the weld metal.
Therefore, the Ti content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
The lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably 0.003%, 0.01%, 0.02%, or 0.03%.
The upper limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, or 3.00%, 2.00%, or 1.50%.
When Ti is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
(Zr:0~5.000%)
Zrは、溶接金属を得るための溶接作業時においてビード形状を安定化させることができるので、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のZr含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の酸素量を増加させ、低温靭性を劣化させる可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のZr含有量は、0~5.000%とする。
溶接金属のZr含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.003%、0.01%、0.02%、又は0.03%である。
溶接金属のZr含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.50%、4.00%、3.50%、又は3.00%、2.00%、1.50%、又は1.00%である。
なお、高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにZrを添加する場合には、溶接金属のZr含有量の下限は後述の範囲であることが好ましい。
(Zr: 0-5.000%)
Zr can stabilize the bead shape during the welding operation for obtaining the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Zr content in the weld metal is excessive, the oxygen content in the weld metal increases, which may deteriorate the low-temperature toughness.
Therefore, the Zr content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.000%.
The lower limit of the Zr content of the weld metal is preferably 0.003%, 0.01%, 0.02%, or 0.03%.
The upper limit of the Zr content of the weld metal is preferably 4.50%, 4.00%, 3.50%, or 3.00%, 2.00%, 1.50%, or 1.00%.
When Zr is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Zr content in the weld metal is preferably in the range described below.
(Co:0~1.0%)
Coは、固溶強化により、溶接金属の強度を上昇させる元素であるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のCo含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の延性が低下し、靱性を確保できない。
よって、溶接金属のCo含有量は、0~1.0%とする。
溶接金属のCo含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.01%、0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、又は0.2%である。
溶接金属のCo含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.95%、0.9%、0.85%、又は0.8%である。
(Co: 0-1.0%)
Co is an element that increases the strength of the weld metal through solid solution strengthening, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Co content in the weld metal is excessive, the ductility of the weld metal decreases and the toughness cannot be ensured.
Therefore, the Co content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 1.0%.
The lower limit of the Co content in the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, or 0.2%.
The upper limit of the Co content of the weld metal is preferably 0.95%, 0.9%, 0.85%, or 0.8%.
(Pb:0~1.0%)
Pbは、母材である鋼材と溶接金属との間の止端成形性を向上させ溶接金属の切削性を向上させる効果があるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のPb含有量が過剰であると、高温割れが発生する。
よって、溶接金属のPb含有量は、0~1.0%とする。
溶接金属のPb含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.01%、0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、又は0.2%である。
溶接金属のPb含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.95%、0.9%、0.85%、又は0.8%である。
(Pb: 0-1.0%)
Pb has the effect of improving the toe formability between the base steel material and the weld metal and improving the machinability of the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Pb content in the weld metal is excessive, hot cracking occurs.
Therefore, the Pb content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 1.0%.
The lower limit of the Pb content of the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, or 0.2%.
The upper limit of the Pb content of the weld metal is preferably 0.95%, 0.9%, 0.85%, or 0.8%.
(Sn:0~1.0%)
Snは、溶接金属の耐食性を向上させる元素であるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のSn含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属での割れ発生の懸念がある。
よって、溶接金属のSn含有量は、0~1.0%とする。
溶接金属のSn含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.01%、0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、又は0.2%である。
溶接金属のSn含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.95%、0.9%、0.85%、又は0.8%である。
(Sn: 0-1.0%)
Sn is an element that improves the corrosion resistance of the weld metal and may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Sn content in the weld metal is excessive, there is a concern that cracks may occur in the weld metal.
Therefore, the Sn content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 1.0%.
The lower limit of the Sn content in the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, or 0.2%.
The upper limit of the Sn content of the weld metal is preferably 0.95%, 0.9%, 0.85%, or 0.8%.
(W :0~5.0%)
Wは、固溶強化元素であり、強度向上のために溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のW含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属の強度が過剰となり、靭性低下が発生する可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のW含有量は、0~5.0%とする。
溶接金属のW含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.1%、0.2%、0.5%、0.8%、又は1.0%である。
溶接金属のW含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.8%、4.5%、4.3%、又は4.0%である。
(W: 0-5.0%)
W is a solid solution strengthening element and may be contained in the weld metal to improve strength.
On the other hand, if the W content in the weld metal is excessive, the strength of the weld metal becomes excessive, and there is a possibility that a decrease in toughness occurs.
Therefore, the W content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.0%.
The lower limit of the W content of the weld metal is preferably 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, or 1.0%.
The upper limit of the W content of the weld metal is preferably 4.8%, 4.5%, 4.3%, or 4.0%.
(Mg:0~0.10%)
Mgは、脱酸元素であり、酸素を低減し、靭性の改善に効果があるため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のMg含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属を得るための溶接作業時においてアークが不安定化して、スパッタおよびブローホールが増加し、溶接作業性を劣化させる。
よって、溶接金属のMg含有量は、0~0.10%とする。
溶接金属のMg含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.005%、0.01%、0.02%、0.03%、又は0.04%である。
溶接金属のMg含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.09%、0.08%、0.07%、又は0.06%である。
(Mg: 0-0.10%)
Mg is a deoxidizing element and is effective in reducing oxygen and improving toughness, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Mg content in the weld metal is excessive, the arc becomes unstable during the welding operation to obtain the weld metal, and spatters and blowholes increase, deteriorating the welding workability.
Therefore, the Mg content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.10%.
The lower limit of the Mg content in the weld metal is preferably 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, or 0.04%.
The upper limit of the Mg content of the weld metal is preferably 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, or 0.06%.
(Al:0.001~0.100%)
Alは、脱酸元素であり、溶接欠陥抑制、及び溶接金属の清浄度向上のため、溶接金属に含有させる。
一方、溶接金属のAl含有量が過剰であると、Alが溶接金属中で窒化物又は酸化物を形成して、溶接金属の低温靱性が低下する可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のAl含有量は、0.001~0.100%とする。
溶接金属のAl含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.003%、0.005%、0.010%、0.020%、又は0.030%である。
溶接金属のAl含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.090%、0.080%、又は0.070%である。
(Al: 0.001-0.100%)
Al is a deoxidizing element and is contained in the weld metal to suppress welding defects and improve the cleanliness of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Al content in the weld metal is excessive, Al may form nitrides or oxides in the weld metal, which may reduce the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal.
Therefore, the Al content of the weld metal is set to 0.001 to 0.100%.
The lower limit of the Al content in the weld metal is preferably 0.003%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, or 0.030%.
The upper limit of the Al content of the weld metal is preferably 0.090%, 0.080%, or 0.070%.
(Ca:0~5.00%)
Caは、溶接金属中で硫化物の構造を変化させ、また溶接金属中での硫化物及び酸化物のサイズを微細化する働きを有するので、溶接金属の延性及び靭性向上に有効である。そのため、Caを溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のCa含有量が過剰であると、硫化物及び酸化物の粗大化が生じ、溶接金属の低温靭性の劣化を招く可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のCa含有量は、0~5.00%とする。
溶接金属のCa含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.01%、0.02%、又は0.03%である。
溶接金属のCa含有量の上限は、好ましくは、4.8%、4.5%、4.3%、4.0%、3.0%、2.0%、1.0%、又は0.5%である。
(Ca: 0-5.00%)
Ca has the effect of changing the structure of sulfides in the weld metal and of reducing the size of sulfides and oxides in the weld metal, and is therefore effective in improving the ductility and toughness of the weld metal, so Ca may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the Ca content in the weld metal is excessive, coarsening of sulfides and oxides occurs, which may lead to deterioration of the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal.
Therefore, the Ca content in the weld metal is set to 0 to 5.00%.
The lower limit of the Ca content in the weld metal is preferably 0.01%, 0.02%, or 0.03%.
The upper limit of the Ca content in the weld metal is preferably 4.8%, 4.5%, 4.3%, 4.0%, 3.0%, 2.0%, 1.0%, or 0.5%.
(B :0~0.500%)
Bは、オーステナイト安定化元素であり、侵入型固溶強化元素でもあり、溶接金属の低温靭性及び強度の向上のため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のB含有量が過剰であると、M23(C,B)6が析出し、靭性劣化の原因となる。
よって、溶接金属のB含有量は、0~0.5000%とする。
溶接金属のB含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.0005%、0.001%、又は0.002%である。
溶接金属のB含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.480%、0.450%、0.430%、0.400%、0.300%、0.200%、0.100%、又は0.050%である。
(B: 0-0.500%)
B is an austenite stabilizing element and an interstitial solid solution strengthening element, and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low temperature toughness and strength of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the B content in the weld metal is excessive, M 23 (C, B) 6 precipitates, causing a deterioration in toughness.
Therefore, the B content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.5000%.
The lower limit of the B content of the weld metal is preferably 0.0005%, 0.001%, or 0.002%.
The upper limit of the B content of the weld metal is preferably 0.480%, 0.450%, 0.430%, 0.400%, 0.300%, 0.200%, 0.100%, or 0.050%.
(REM:0~0.500%)
REMは、溶接金属を得るための溶接作業時においてアークを安定化させる元素であるので、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のREM含有量が過剰であると、溶接金属を得るための溶接作業時においてスパッタが激しくなり、溶接作業性が劣悪となる可能性がある。
よって、溶接金属のREM含有量は、0~0.500%とする。
溶接金属のREM含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.001%、0.002%、又は0.005%である。
溶接金属のREM含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.480%、0.450%、0.430%、0.400%、0.300%、0.200%、0.100%、又は0.050%である。
(REM: 0-0.500%)
REM is an element that stabilizes the arc during welding work to obtain the weld metal, and therefore may be contained in the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the REM content in the weld metal is excessive, there is a possibility that spattering will become severe during welding work to obtain the weld metal, resulting in poor welding workability.
Therefore, the REM content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.500%.
The lower limit of the REM content of the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.002%, or 0.005%.
The upper limit for the REM content of the weld metal is preferably 0.480%, 0.450%, 0.430%, 0.400%, 0.300%, 0.200%, 0.100%, or 0.050%.
(N :0~0.500%)
Nは、オーステナイト安定化元素であり、侵入型固溶強化元素でもあり、溶接金属の低温靭性及び強度の向上のため、溶接金属に含有させてもよい。
一方、溶接金属のN含有量が過剰であると、ブローの発生が増大し、溶接欠陥の原因となる。
よって、溶接金属のN含有量は、0~0.500%とする。
溶接金属のN含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.001%、0.005%、0.010%、0.020%、又は0.050%である。
溶接金属のN含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.450%、0.400%、又は0.350%、0.300%、0.200%、又は0.100%である。
(N: 0-0.500%)
N is an austenite stabilizing element and an interstitial solid solution strengthening element, and may be contained in the weld metal to improve the low temperature toughness and strength of the weld metal.
On the other hand, if the N content in the weld metal is excessive, the occurrence of blow increases, which causes welding defects.
Therefore, the N content of the weld metal is set to 0 to 0.500%.
The lower limit of the N content of the weld metal is preferably 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.020%, or 0.050%.
The upper limit of the N content of the weld metal is preferably 0.450%, 0.400%, or 0.350%, 0.300%, 0.200%, or 0.100%.
(O :0.001~0.150%)
Oは、不純物として溶接金属中に含有される。しかしながら、Oの含有量が過剰になると、靭性および延性の劣化を招くため、溶接金属のO含有量の上限は、0.150%以下とする。
一方、Oの含有量の極端な低減は製造コストの上昇を招くため、溶接金属のO含有量の下限は、0.001%以下とする。
溶接金属のO含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.002%、又は0.003%である。
溶接金属のO含有量の上限は、好ましくは、0.130%、又は0.100%である。
(O: 0.001-0.150%)
O is contained in the weld metal as an impurity. However, an excessive O content leads to deterioration of toughness and ductility, so the upper limit of the O content in the weld metal is set to 0.150% or less.
On the other hand, since an extreme reduction in the O content leads to an increase in manufacturing costs, the lower limit of the O content in the weld metal is set to 0.001% or less.
The lower limit of the O content in the weld metal is preferably 0.002% or 0.003%.
The upper limit of the O content in the weld metal is preferably 0.130% or 0.100%.
(残部:Fe及び不純物)
溶接金属の化学成分におけるその他の残部成分は、Fe及び不純物である。
不純物とは、溶接金属を工業的に製造する際に、鉱石若しくはスクラップ等のような原料、又は製造工程の種々の要因によって混入する成分であって、溶接金属の特性に悪影響を与えない範囲で許容されるものを意味する。
(balance: Fe and impurities)
The remaining components in the chemical composition of the weld metal are Fe and impurities.
The term "impurities" refers to components that are mixed in due to raw materials such as ores or scraps, or various factors in the manufacturing process, when industrially producing weld metal, and are acceptable within a range that does not adversely affect the properties of the weld metal.
(Nb、V、Ta、Hf、Ti、及びZr)
溶接金属は、Nb、V、Ta、Hf、Ti、及びZrからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素(以下、単に「特定元素」と称す)を下記の含有量で含む。特定元素を下記の含有量で含むことで、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げることができ、高温割れを抑制することができる。
Nb:1.00%超
V :1.00%超
Ta:0.001%以上
Hf:0.001%以上
Ti:0.10%超
Zr:0.500%超
(Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr)
The weld metal contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr (hereinafter simply referred to as the "specific element") in the following content: By containing the specific element in the following content, carbides can be crystallized in the liquid phase to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase, and high-temperature cracking can be suppressed.
Nb: More than 1.00% V: More than 1.00% Ta: More than 0.001% Hf: More than 0.001% Ti: More than 0.10% Zr: More than 0.500%
・Nb:1.00%超
高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにNbを添加する場合には、溶接金属のNb含有量の下限は1.00%超とする。溶接金属のNb含有量の下限は、好ましくは、1.10%、1.20%、1.30%、又は1.50%である。
Nb: More than 1.00% When Nb is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Nb content in the weld metal is more than 1.00%. The lower limit of the Nb content in the weld metal is preferably 1.10%, 1.20%, 1.30%, or 1.50%.
・V :1.00%超
高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにVを添加する場合には、溶接金属のV含有量の下限は1.00%超とする。溶接金属のV含有量の下限は、好ましくは、1.10%、1.20%、1.30%、1.50%、1.80%、又は2.00%である。
V: more than 1.00% When V is added to crystallize carbides in the liquid phase to lower the C concentration in the liquid phase in order to suppress hot cracking, the lower limit of the V content in the weld metal is more than 1.00%. The lower limit of the V content in the weld metal is preferably 1.10%, 1.20%, 1.30%, 1.50%, 1.80%, or 2.00%.
・Ta:0.001%以上
高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにTaを添加する場合には、溶接金属のTa含有量の下限は0.001%以上とする。溶接金属のTa含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.002%、0.005%、0.010%、0.030%、0.050%、又は0.060%である。
Ta: 0.001% or more When Ta is added to crystallize carbides in the liquid phase to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase in order to suppress hot cracking, the lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is 0.001% or more. The lower limit of the Ta content in the weld metal is preferably 0.002%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.030%, 0.050%, or 0.060%.
・Hf:0.001%以上
高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにHfを添加する場合には、溶接金属のHf含有量の下限は0.001%以上とする。溶接金属のHf含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.002%、0.005%、0.010%、0.030%、0.040%、0.050%、又は0.060%である。
Hf: 0.001% or more When Hf is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is 0.001% or more. The lower limit of the Hf content in the weld metal is preferably 0.002%, 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.030%, 0.040%, 0.050%, or 0.060%.
・Ti:0.10%超
高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにTiを添加する場合には、溶接金属のTi含有量の下限は0.10%超とする。溶接金属のTi含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.11%、0.13%、0.20%、0.30%、0.50%、0.80%、又は1.00%である。
Ti: More than 0.10% When Ti is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is more than 0.10%. The lower limit of the Ti content in the weld metal is preferably 0.11%, 0.13%, 0.20%, 0.30%, 0.50%, 0.80%, or 1.00%.
・Zr:0.500%超
高温割れを抑制する目的で、液相において炭化物を晶出させて液相中のC濃度を下げるためにZrを添加する場合には、溶接金属のZr含有量の下限は0.500%超とする。溶接金属のZr含有量の下限は、好ましくは、0.510%、0.530%、0.550%、0.600%、又は0.630%である。
Zr: More than 0.500% When Zr is added to reduce the C concentration in the liquid phase by crystallizing carbides in the liquid phase for the purpose of suppressing hot cracking, the lower limit of the Zr content in the weld metal is more than 0.500%. The lower limit of the Zr content in the weld metal is preferably 0.510%, 0.530%, 0.550%, 0.600%, or 0.630%.
特定元素の中でも、溶接金属は、Ta及びHfの少なくとも一方の元素を下記の含有量で含むことが好ましい。より炭化物形成能の高いと考えられるTa及びHfの少なくとも一方を含むことで炭化物の形成が促進され、その結果高温割れをより抑制することができる。
Ta:0.001%以上
Hf:0.001%以上
Among the specific elements, the weld metal preferably contains at least one of Ta and Hf in the following content: By containing at least one of Ta and Hf, which are considered to have a higher carbide forming ability, the formation of carbides is promoted, and as a result, hot cracking can be further suppressed.
Ta: 0.001% or more Hf: 0.001% or more
・特定元素の二種以上の含有
特定元素(つまりNb、V、Ta、Hf、Ti、及びZrからなる群より選択される元素)のうち、二種以上の元素を、それぞれ前記の含有量で含むことが好ましい。特定元素を二種以上含有することで、溶接金属における高温割れがより抑制される。
特定元素のうち一種の元素のみを前記含有量で添加した場合に比べて、特定元素を二種以上含有することで炭化物の形成がより促進されるためである。なぜなら、特定元素のうち一種の元素のみを添加した場合にはその一種の元素を含む炭化物が形成されるが、反応の平衡が存在するため炭化物の生成量には限界がある。一方で、特定元素を二種以上含有することで、炭化物の活量が下げられ(炭化物形成元素の活量が上げられ)、反応が促進されると考えられる。
- Two or more kinds of specific elements are contained Among the specific elements (i.e., elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr), it is preferable to contain two or more kinds of elements at the above-mentioned contents. By containing two or more kinds of specific elements, hot cracking in the weld metal is further suppressed.
This is because the inclusion of two or more specific elements promotes the formation of carbides more than the addition of only one of the specific elements at the above content. When only one of the specific elements is added, a carbide containing that one element is formed, but the amount of carbide produced is limited due to the existence of reaction equilibrium. On the other hand, the inclusion of two or more specific elements is thought to lower the activity of the carbide (increase the activity of the carbide-forming element), promoting the reaction.
(Mn含有量及びNi含有量の合計(Mn+Ni))
Mn及びNiは、各々、オーステナイト安定化元素であり、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させる。一方、Niは高価な金属であるため、溶接金属のコストを抑えつつ、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させるには、溶接金属におけるMn含有量及びNi含有量が各々上記範囲を満たしつつ、Mn含有量及びNi含有量の合計(Mn+Ni)を11.5%以上とすることが好ましく、さらには12.0%以上、13.0%以上、又は15.0%以上とすることが好ましい。
(Total of Mn content and Ni content (Mn + Ni))
Mn and Ni are austenite stabilizing elements that improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal. On the other hand, since Ni is an expensive metal, in order to improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal while suppressing the cost of the weld metal, it is preferable that the Mn content and Ni content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned range, and that the sum of the Mn content and Ni content (Mn+Ni) is 11.5% or more, and more preferably 12.0% or more, 13.0% or more, or 15.0% or more.
また、過度にMnを増やすと、積層欠陥エネルギーが低くなり靭性が劣化する。そのため、溶接金属のコストを抑え、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させる観点から、溶接金属におけるMn含有量及びNi含有量が各々上記範囲を満たしつつ、Mn含有量及びNi含有量の合計(Mn+Ni)は、37.0%以下とすることが好ましい。
溶接金属におけるMn含有量及びNi含有量の合計(Mn+Ni)は、より好ましくは、35.0%以下、32.0%以下、又は30.0%以下である。
Moreover, if the Mn content is excessively increased, the stacking fault energy decreases and the toughness deteriorates. Therefore, from the viewpoint of suppressing the cost of the weld metal and improving the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal, it is preferable that the Mn content and the Ni content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned ranges, and that the sum of the Mn content and the Ni content (Mn + Ni) is 37.0% or less.
The total content of Mn and Ni in the weld metal (Mn+Ni) is more preferably 35.0% or less, 32.0% or less, or 30.0% or less.
(Mn含有量、Ni含有量及びCr含有量の合計(Mn+Ni+Cr))
Mn、Ni及びCrは、各々、オーステナイト安定化元素であり、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させる。一方、Niは高価な金属であるため、溶接金属のコストを抑えつつ、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させるには、溶接金属におけるMn含有量、Ni含有量及びCr含有量が各々上記範囲を満たしつつ、Mn含有量、Ni含有量及びCr含有量の合計(Mn+Ni+Cr)を15.0%以上とすることが好ましい。
溶接金属におけるMn含有量、Ni含有量及びCr含有量の合計(Mn+Ni+Cr)は、より好ましくは、17.0%以上、19.0%以上、20.0%以上、22.0%以上、24.0%以上、26.0%以上、28.0%以上、又は30.0%以上である。
(Total of Mn content, Ni content and Cr content (Mn + Ni + Cr))
Mn, Ni, and Cr are each an austenite stabilizing element and improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal. On the other hand, Ni is an expensive metal, so in order to improve the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal while suppressing the cost of the weld metal, it is preferable that the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned ranges, and that the total of the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content (Mn+Ni+Cr) be 15.0% or more.
The total of the Mn content, Ni content and Cr content (Mn+Ni+Cr) in the weld metal is more preferably 17.0% or more, 19.0% or more, 20.0% or more, 22.0% or more, 24.0% or more, 26.0% or more, 28.0% or more, or 30.0% or more.
一方、Mn含有量が過度な量でないことにより、積層欠陥エネルギーが低くなり過ぎず靭性が確保できる。また、Cr含有量が過度な量でないことにより、溶融金属における低融点化合物の量を低減でき、さらに溶融金属の固液共存温度範囲が広がることを抑制できるので、高温割れの発生を抑制できる。そのため、溶接金属のコストを抑え、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させつつ、且つ溶融金属における低融点化合物の発生量を低減し、高温割れの発生を抑制する観点から、溶接金属におけるMn含有量、Ni含有量及びCr含有量が各々上記範囲を満たしつつ、Mn含有量、Ni含有量及びCr含有量の合計(Mn+Ni+Cr)は、47.0%以下とすることが好ましい。
溶接金属におけるMn含有量、Ni含有量及びCr含有量の合計(Mn+Ni+Cr)は、より好ましくは、45.0%以下、42.0%以下、又は40.0%以下である。
On the other hand, since the Mn content is not excessive, the stacking fault energy does not become too low and toughness can be ensured. Furthermore, since the Cr content is not excessive, the amount of low melting point compounds in the molten metal can be reduced, and the solid-liquid coexistence temperature range of the molten metal can be prevented from widening, so that the occurrence of hot cracks can be suppressed. Therefore, from the viewpoint of suppressing the cost of the weld metal, improving the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal, reducing the amount of low melting point compounds in the molten metal, and suppressing the occurrence of hot cracks, it is preferable that the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content in the weld metal each satisfy the above-mentioned range, and the total of the Mn content, Ni content, and Cr content (Mn + Ni + Cr) is 47.0% or less.
The total content of Mn, Ni and Cr (Mn+Ni+Cr) in the weld metal is more preferably 45.0% or less, 42.0% or less, or 40.0% or less.
(Mn含有量とNi含有量との質量比(Ni/Mn))
Mn及びNiは、各々、オーステナイト安定化元素であり、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させる。一方、Niは高価な金属であり、さらに過度にMnを増やすと積層欠陥エネルギーが低くなり靭性が劣化する。
そのため、溶接金属のコストを抑えつつ、溶接金属の低温靭性を向上する観点から、溶接金属におけるMn含有量とNi含有量との質量比(Ni/Mn)を0.33以上とすることが好ましい。
溶接金属におけるMn含有量とNi含有量との質量比(Ni/Mn)の下限は、より好ましくは、0.50、0.70、1.00、1.10、又は1.20である。
溶接金属におけるMn含有量とNi含有量との質量比(Ni/Mn)の上限は、好ましくは、3.80、3.50、3.30、又は3.00である。
(Mass ratio of Mn content to Ni content (Ni/Mn))
Mn and Ni are each an austenite stabilizing element and improve the low temperature toughness of the weld metal. On the other hand, Ni is an expensive metal, and if Mn is excessively increased, the stacking fault energy decreases and the toughness deteriorates.
Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal while suppressing the cost of the weld metal, it is preferable that the mass ratio of the Mn content to the Ni content (Ni/Mn) in the weld metal be 0.33 or more.
The lower limit of the mass ratio (Ni/Mn) of the Mn content to the Ni content in the weld metal is more preferably 0.50, 0.70, 1.00, 1.10, or 1.20.
The upper limit of the mass ratio (Ni/Mn) of the Mn content to the Ni content in the weld metal is preferably 3.80, 3.50, 3.30, or 3.00.
(磁気誘導法により求められるfcc含有率)
溶接金属における低温靭性を高めるためには、溶接金属の組織におけるオーステナイトの割合を高めることが好ましい。そのため、溶接金属におけるfcc含有率を、70体積%以上とすることが好ましい。fcc含有率は、より好ましくは、80体積%以上、又は90体積%以上であり、100体積%であってもよい。なお、組織の残部はbccである。
(fcc content determined by magnetic induction method)
In order to improve the low temperature toughness of the weld metal, it is preferable to increase the proportion of austenite in the structure of the weld metal. Therefore, it is preferable that the fcc content in the weld metal is 70 volume % or more. The fcc content is more preferably 80 volume % or more, or 90 volume % or more, and may be 100 volume %. The remainder of the structure is bcc.
溶接金属の組織におけるfcc含有率は、次の方法で求めることができる。
溶接金属からサンプルを採取し、サンプル表面において、磁気誘導法によりbcc含有率(体積%)を測定し、測定されたbcc含有率の算術平均値を求める。得られたbcc含有率の平均値を用いて、以下の式により、溶接金属の組織におけるfcc含有率(体積%)を求める。
fcc含有率=100-bcc含有率
なお、溶接金属からのサンプルは、溶接金属の中央位置において母材が含まれない様に採取を行う。
The fcc content in the structure of the weld metal can be determined by the following method.
A sample is taken from the weld metal, the bcc content (volume %) is measured on the surface of the sample by a magnetic induction method, and the arithmetic mean of the measured bcc contents is calculated. The fcc content (volume %) in the structure of the weld metal is calculated using the obtained average bcc content according to the following formula.
fcc content=100−bcc content. The sample from the weld metal is taken at the center of the weld metal so that no base metal is included.
(引張強さ)
溶接金属の引張強さは、例えば590~1200MPaとすることが好ましい。なお、引張強さはJIS Z3111:2005に準じて溶接金属の引張試験を行うことで測定できる。
(Tensile strength)
The tensile strength of the weld metal is preferably, for example, 590 to 1200 MPa. The tensile strength can be measured by conducting a tensile test on the weld metal in accordance with JIS Z3111:2005.
<溶接継手および溶接構造物>
次に、本開示に係る溶接継手および溶接構造物について説明する。
本開示に係る溶接継手は、本開示に係る溶接金属を有する。例えば本開示に係る溶接継手は、母材となる鋼材と、溶接金属及び溶接熱影響部から構成される溶接部とを備える。
また、本開示に係る溶接構造物は、本開示に係る溶接継手を有する。
<Welded joints and welded structures>
Next, the welded joint and welded structure according to the present disclosure will be described.
The weld joint according to the present disclosure includes the weld metal according to the present disclosure. For example, the weld joint according to the present disclosure includes a steel material serving as a base material, and a welded portion including a weld metal and a weld heat affected zone.
Moreover, a welded structure according to the present disclosure has the welded joint according to the present disclosure.
本開示に係る溶接継手は、本開示に係る溶接金属を有しているので、安価であり、且つ低温靭性に優れる。 The welded joint according to the present disclosure contains the weld metal according to the present disclosure, and is therefore inexpensive and has excellent low-temperature toughness.
ここで、本開示に係る溶接継手の製造方法について説明する。
なお、以下に説明する製造方法は一例であり、本開示に係る溶接継手を製造する方法は、以下の方法に限定されるものではない。
Here, a method for manufacturing a welded joint according to the present disclosure will be described.
It should be noted that the manufacturing method described below is an example, and the method for manufacturing a welded joint according to the present disclosure is not limited to the method described below.
本開示に係る溶接継手は、溶接材料を用いて母材となる鋼材を溶接することで製造することができる。 The welded joint according to the present disclosure can be manufactured by welding the base steel material with a welding material.
例えば、本開示に係る溶接継手の製造方法は、フラックス入りワイヤを用いて、鋼材をガスシールドアーク溶接することで得られる。この場合、溶接金属の化学成分には、溶接材料であるフラックス入りワイヤ、及び母材である鋼材に由来する成分が含まれる。 For example, the method of manufacturing a welded joint according to the present disclosure is obtained by gas-shielded arc welding of steel material using a flux-cored wire. In this case, the chemical components of the weld metal include components derived from the flux-cored wire, which is the welding material, and the steel material, which is the base material.
また、本開示に係る溶接継手の製造方法は、ソリッドワイヤ及びフラックスを用いて、サブマージアーク溶接することで得られる。例えばサブマージアーク溶接では、溶接線上にあらかじめ顆粒状のフラックスを散布しておき、その中にソリッドワイヤを送り込み、フラックス中においてソリッドワイヤと鋼材との間のアークから生じるアーク熱で溶接する、一般的なサブマージアーク溶接機器を適用することができる。この場合、溶接金属の化学成分には、溶接材料であるソリッドワイヤ及びフラックス、並びに母材である鋼材に由来する成分が含まれる。 Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the welded joint according to the present disclosure is obtained by submerged arc welding using a solid wire and flux. For example, in submerged arc welding, granular flux is spread on the weld line in advance, a solid wire is fed into it, and welding is performed by the arc heat generated from the arc between the solid wire and the steel material in the flux. In this case, the chemical components of the weld metal include components derived from the solid wire and flux, which are the welding materials, and the steel material, which is the base material.
また、本開示に係る溶接継手の製造方法は、例えば、被覆アーク溶接、簡易エレクトロガスアーク溶接、エレクトスラグ溶接、TIG溶接、およびソリッドワイヤを用いたガスシールド溶接等の溶接方法により得られる。この場合、溶接金属の化学成分には、溶接材料、及び母材である鋼材に由来する成分が含まれる。 The manufacturing method of the welded joint according to the present disclosure can be obtained by a welding method such as, for example, shielded metal arc welding, simple electrogas arc welding, electroslag welding, TIG welding, and gas shielded welding using a solid wire. In this case, the chemical components of the weld metal include components derived from the welding material and the base steel material.
本開示に係る溶接継手が有する母材、つまり上記の溶接継手の製造方法に用いる鋼材(被溶接材)の種類は特に限定されないが、例えば、板厚20mm以上の6~9%Niを含むNi系低温用鋼を好適に用いることができる。 The base material of the welded joint according to the present disclosure, i.e., the type of steel material (welded material) used in the manufacturing method of the welded joint described above, is not particularly limited, but for example, Ni-based low-temperature steel containing 6-9% Ni with a plate thickness of 20 mm or more can be suitably used.
次に、本開示例及び比較例により、本開示の実施可能性及び効果についてさらに詳細に説明するが、下記実施例は本開示を限定するものではなく、前・後記の趣旨に徹して設計変更することはいずれも本開示の技術的範囲に含まれるものである。 Next, the feasibility and effects of the present disclosure will be explained in more detail using examples and comparative examples, but the following examples do not limit the present disclosure, and any design changes that are made in accordance with the spirit described above and below are all within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
以下に示す方法により、ソリッドワイヤおよびフラックスを用いたサブマージアーク溶接(Submerged Arc Welding:SAW)、被覆アーク溶接棒を用いた被覆アーク溶接(Shielded Metal Arc Welding:SMAW)、フラックス入りワイヤを用いたアーク溶接(Flux Cored
Arc Welding:FCAW)、及び溶加材を用いたガスアーク溶接(Tungsten Inert Gas:TIG
)により、溶接金属を得た。
The following methods are used for submerged arc welding (SAW) using solid wire and flux, shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) using covered electrodes, and arc welding using flux-cored wire (Flux Cored Wire).
Arc Welding (FCAW), and gas arc welding using filler metal (Tungsten Inert Gas: TIG
) to obtain the weld metal.
<1.ソリッドワイヤおよびフラックスを用いたサブマージアーク溶接(SAW)>
(ソリッドワイヤの製造)
ソリッドワイヤは、以下に説明する方法により製造した。
まず、鋼を溶解した後に鍛造加工を施し、その後圧延加工を経てこの鋼を棒状に加工し、この棒状の鋼を伸線することで、ソリッドワイヤを得た。このようにして、最終のワイヤ径がφ2.4mmのソリッドワイヤを試作した。試作後、ワイヤ表面には潤滑剤を塗布した。
<1. Submerged arc welding (SAW) using solid wire and flux>
(Solid wire manufacturing)
The solid wire was manufactured by the method described below.
First, the steel was melted and then forged, then rolled into a rod shape, and the rod shape was drawn to obtain a solid wire. In this way, a solid wire with a final wire diameter of φ2.4 mm was produced. After the production, a lubricant was applied to the wire surface.
(溶接継手の製造)
得られたソリッドワイヤを用いて、サブマージアーク溶接により溶接することで溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。具体的には、ソリッドワイヤを、サブマージアーク溶接用フラックスである日鉄溶接工業社製NITTETSU FLUX 10Hと組合せて用いてサブマージアーク溶接した。
溶接する鋼板(母材)として表1に示す成分の鋼板(20mmt×120mmw×300mml)を用いた。図1に示すように、母材2A、2Bに対し、開先角度が90°になるように板厚の半分まで開先を形成した。なお、母材2Aと母材2Bの間隔が1mmになるように調整して母材同士を突き合せた。この母材2A、2Bに対し、シングルビードの溶接を行った。溶接条件は表2に記載の「サブマージアーク溶接(SAW)」の条件とした
。こうして、溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。
なお、得られた溶接金属の化学成分は、ソリッドワイヤの成分の調整によって制御した。製造した溶接継手における溶接金属の化学成分を表3-1~表3-4に示す(No.1~8、33、34、及び39)。
(Manufacturing of welded joints)
The obtained solid wire was used to perform submerged arc welding to produce a welded joint having a weld metal. Specifically, the solid wire was used in combination with NITTETSU FLUX 10H manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metals Co., Ltd., which is a flux for submerged arc welding, to perform submerged arc welding.
A steel plate (20 mmt x 120 mmw x 300 mml) having the composition shown in Table 1 was used as the steel plate (base material) to be welded. As shown in FIG. 1, a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°. The base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm. Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B. The welding conditions were the conditions for "submerged arc welding (SAW)" shown in Table 2. In this way, a welded joint having a weld metal was produced.
The chemical composition of the weld metal was controlled by adjusting the composition of the solid wire. The chemical compositions of the weld metal in the produced welded joints are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 (Nos. 1 to 8, 33, 34, and 39).
<2.被覆アーク溶接棒を用いた被覆アーク溶接(SMAW)>
(被覆アーク溶接棒の製造)
被覆アーク溶接棒は、以下に説明する方法により製造した。
まず、芯線に対してフラックスを塗布し、300~500℃の温度範囲内で1~3時間の範囲で焼成することで、被覆アーク溶接棒を試作した。得られた被覆アーク溶接棒の最終の溶接棒径はφ6.0mm、フラックスの平均厚さは1.0mmであった。
<2. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) using a shielded metal arc welding electrode>
(Manufacture of covered electrodes)
The covered electrode was manufactured by the method described below.
First, a core wire was coated with flux and baked for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature range of 300 to 500° C. to produce a prototype covered metal arc welding rod. The final welding rod diameter of the obtained covered metal arc welding rod was φ6.0 mm, and the average thickness of the flux was 1.0 mm.
(溶接継手の製造)
得られた被覆アーク溶接棒を用いて、被覆アーク溶接することにより溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。
溶接する鋼板(母材)として、表1に示す成分の鋼板(20mmt×120mmw×300mml)を用いた。図1に示すように、母材2A、2Bに対し、開先角度が90°になるように板厚の半分まで開先を形成した。なお、母材2Aと母材2Bの間隔が1mmになるように調整して母材同士を突き合せた。この母材2A、2Bに対し、シングルビードの溶接を行った。溶接条件は表2に記載の「被覆アーク溶接(SMAW)」の条件とした。こうして、溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。
なお、得られた溶接金属の化学成分は、被覆アーク溶接棒の成分の調整によって制御した。製造した溶接継手における溶接金属の化学成分を表3-1~表3-4に示す(No.9~16、35、36、及び40)。
(Manufacturing of welded joints)
The resulting covered metal arc welding rod was used to produce a welded joint having a weld metal by covered metal arc welding.
As the steel plate (base material) to be welded, a steel plate (20 mmt x 120 mmw x 300 mml) having the composition shown in Table 1 was used. As shown in FIG. 1, a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°. The base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm. Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B. The welding conditions were the conditions for "sheathed metal arc welding (SMAW)" shown in Table 2. In this way, a welded joint having a weld metal was manufactured.
The chemical composition of the weld metal was controlled by adjusting the composition of the covered electrode. The chemical compositions of the weld metal in the welded joints produced are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 (Nos. 9 to 16, 35, 36, and 40).
<3.フラックス入りワイヤを用いたアーク溶接(FCAW)>
(フラックス入りワイヤの製造)
フラックス入りワイヤは、以下に説明する方法により製造した。
まず、鋼帯を長手方向に送りながら、成形ロールを用いて成形してU型のオープン管を得た。このオープン管の開口部を通じてオープン管内にフラックスを供給し、オープン管の開口部の相対するエッジ部を突合わせ溶接してシームレス管を得た。このシームレス管を伸線して、スリット状の隙間がないフラックス入りワイヤを得た。
このようにして、最終のワイヤ径がφ1.2mmのフラックス入りワイヤを試作した。
なお、これらフラックス入りワイヤの伸線作業の途中で、フラックス入りワイヤを650~950℃の温度範囲内で4時間以上焼鈍した。試作後、ワイヤ表面には潤滑剤を塗布した。
<3. Flux-cored wire arc welding (FCAW)>
(Manufacture of flux-cored wire)
The flux-cored wire was produced by the method described below.
First, a steel strip was fed in the longitudinal direction and formed into a U-shaped open tube using a forming roll. Flux was supplied into the open tube through the opening of the open tube, and the opposing edges of the opening of the open tube were butt-welded to obtain a seamless tube. This seamless tube was drawn to obtain a flux-cored wire without slit-like gaps.
In this manner, a flux-cored wire having a final wire diameter of φ1.2 mm was produced.
During the drawing process, the flux-cored wires were annealed for 4 hours or more within a temperature range of 650 to 950° C. After the prototypes were made, a lubricant was applied to the wire surface.
(溶接継手の製造)
得られたフラックス入りワイヤを用いて、ガスシールドアーク溶接することにより溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。
溶接する鋼板(母材)として、表1に示す成分の鋼板(20mmt×120mmw×300mml)を用いた。図1に示すように、母材2A、2Bに対し、開先角度が90°になるように板厚の半分まで開先を形成した。なお、母材2Aと母材2Bの間隔が1mmになるように調整して母材同士を突き合せた。この母材2A、2Bに対し、シングルビードの溶接を行った。溶接条件は表2に記載の「フラックス入りワイヤ(FCAW)」の条件とした。こうして、溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。
なお、得られた溶接金属の化学成分は、フラックス入りワイヤの成分の調整によって制御した。製造した溶接継手における溶接金属の化学成分を表3-1~表3-4に示す(No.17~24、37、及び41)。
(Manufacturing of welded joints)
The obtained flux-cored wire was used to produce a welded joint having a weld metal by gas-shielded arc welding.
As the steel plate (base material) to be welded, a steel plate (20 mmt x 120 mmw x 300 mml) having the composition shown in Table 1 was used. As shown in FIG. 1, a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°. The base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm. Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B. The welding conditions were the conditions for "flux-cored wire (FCAW)" shown in Table 2. In this way, a welded joint having a weld metal was manufactured.
The chemical composition of the weld metal was controlled by adjusting the composition of the flux-cored wire. The chemical compositions of the weld metal in the produced welded joints are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 (Nos. 17 to 24, 37, and 41).
<4.溶加材を用いたガスタングステンアーク溶接(TIG)>
(溶加材の製造)
溶加材として、<1.ソリッドワイヤおよびフラックスを用いたサブマージアーク溶接(SAW)>と同じ製法により、ソリッドワイヤを製造した。
<4. Gas tungsten arc welding (TIG) using filler metal>
(Manufacturing of filler metal)
As a filler metal, a solid wire was manufactured by the same method as in <1. Submerged arc welding (SAW) using solid wire and flux>.
(溶接継手の製造)
得られた溶加材(ソリッドワイヤ)を用いて、ガスタングステンアーク溶接により溶接することで溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。
溶接する鋼板(母材)として表1に示す成分の鋼板(20mmt×120mmw×300mml)を用いた。図1に示すように、母材2A、2Bに対し、開先角度が90°になるように板厚の半分まで開先を形成した。なお、母材2Aと母材2Bの間隔が1mmになるように調整して母材同士を突き合せた。この母材2A、2Bに対し、シングルビードの溶接を行った。溶接条件は表2に記載の「タングステンアーク溶接(TIG)」の条件とし
た。こうして、溶接金属を有する溶接継手を製造した。
なお、得られた溶接金属の化学成分は、溶加材の成分の調整によって制御した。製造した溶接継手における溶接金属の化学成分を表3-1~表3-4に示す(No.25~32、38、及び42)。
(Manufacturing of welded joints)
The obtained filler metal (solid wire) was used for welding by gas tungsten arc welding to produce a welded joint having a weld metal.
A steel plate (20 mmt x 120 mmw x 300 mml) having the composition shown in Table 1 was used as the steel plate (base material) to be welded. As shown in FIG. 1, a groove was formed in the base materials 2A and 2B up to half the plate thickness so that the groove angle was 90°. The base materials 2A and 2B were butted together with the gap between them adjusted to 1 mm. Single bead welding was performed on these base materials 2A and 2B. The welding conditions were the conditions for "tungsten arc welding (TIG)" shown in Table 2. In this way, a welded joint having a weld metal was produced.
The chemical composition of the weld metal was controlled by adjusting the composition of the filler metal. The chemical compositions of the weld metal in the produced welded joints are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 (Nos. 25 to 32, 38, and 42).
なお、表3-1~表3-4に示された溶接金属の化学成分の含有量の単位は「溶接金属の全質量に対する質量%」である。
表3-1~表3-4に示された溶接金属の残部(すなわち、表に示された各成分以外の成分)は、鉄及び不純物である。
表3-1~表3-4において、溶接金属の化学成分の含有量に係る表中の空欄は、その化学成分の含有量が有効桁数未満であることを意味する。これらの化学成分が有効桁数未満の含有量で不可避的に混入されるか生成することもある。
The unit of the contents of the chemical components of the weld metal shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 is "mass % relative to the total mass of the weld metal."
The balance of the weld metals shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 (i.e., components other than those shown in the tables) is iron and impurities.
In Tables 3-1 to 3-4, the blanks in the tables for the contents of chemical components in the weld metal mean that the contents of the chemical components are less than the significant digits. These chemical components may be unavoidably mixed or generated in amounts less than the significant digits.
No.1~42において得られた溶接継手について、溶接金属の組織におけるfcc含有率を次の方法で求めた。
まず、溶接金属からサンプルを採取した。溶接金属からのサンプルは、溶接金属の中央位置において母材が含まれない様に採取を行った。サンプル表面において、FERITSCOPE(登録商標) FMP30(株式会社フィッシャー・インストルメンツ製)を用い、当該測定器のプローブに株式会社フィッシャー・インストルメンツ製プローブ(FGAB 1.3-Fe)を用いて、磁気誘導法によりbcc含有率(体積%)を測定した。
なお、正確な測定値を得るため、サンプルに対してFERITSCOPEのプローブを当てる位置は、溶接部のビード長手方向に対し垂直方向に切った面の中央位置とし、且つ出来る限り平坦な面にプローブをあてることとした。プローブ径は7mmとした。
測定されたbcc含有率の算術平均値を求め、得られたbcc含有率の平均値を用いて、以下の式により、溶接金属の組織におけるfcc含有率(体積%)を求めた。
fcc含有率=100-bcc含有率
For the welded joints obtained in Nos. 1 to 42, the fcc content in the structure of the weld metal was determined by the following method.
First, a sample was taken from the weld metal. The sample was taken from the center of the weld metal so that the base metal was not included. The bcc content (volume%) was measured on the surface of the sample by a magnetic induction method using a FERITSCOPE (registered trademark) FMP30 (manufactured by Fisher Instruments, Inc.) and a Fisher Instruments probe (FGAB 1.3-Fe) as the probe of the measuring instrument.
In order to obtain accurate measurement values, the probe of the FERITSCOPE was placed on the center of the surface cut perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the weld bead, and on a surface as flat as possible. The probe diameter was 7 mm.
The arithmetic average value of the measured bcc contents was calculated, and the fcc content (volume %) in the structure of the weld metal was calculated using the obtained average bcc content value according to the following formula.
fcc content rate = 100-bcc content rate
<評価試験>
・フィスコ割れ評価方法
耐高温割れ性は、フィスコ割れ試験(JIS Z 3155(1993):「C形ジグ拘束突合わせ溶接割れ試験方法」(Method of FISCO test))を行うことにより、液相から凝固する際の割れ(高温割れ)について評価した。
フィスコ割れ試験では、まず2枚の鋼板10A(母材)を突き合せた状態で、図2Aに示すようにC型治具12における粗面122上に設置し、それぞれ端部を固定用ボルト14で固定した。なお、突き合せ部が粗面122中央の非粗面部124上に配置されるように2枚の鋼板10Aを設置する。この状態で、突き合せ部を溶接して溶接金属部100を形成した。溶接は、前述の<1.ソリッドワイヤおよびフラックスを用いたサブマージアーク溶接(SAW)>、<2.被覆アーク溶接棒を用いた被覆アーク溶接(SMAW)>、<3.フラックス入りワイヤを用いたアーク溶接(FCAW)>、及び<4.溶加材を用いたガスタングステンアーク溶接(TIG)>のそれぞれに記載の条件で行った。
溶接後に溶接金属部100が凝固すると、一部に図2Bに示すような高温割れ110が発生することがある。この高温割れ110は、図2Cに示すように、溶接金属部100において凝固が生じる際に引張応力が働くことで、発生する割れである。
<Evaluation test>
FISCO Cracking Evaluation Method The hot cracking resistance was evaluated for cracking (hot cracking) occurring when solidifying from the liquid phase by carrying out a FISCO cracking test (JIS Z 3155 (1993): "C-type jig restraint butt weld cracking test method" (Method of FISCO test).
In the FISCO cracking test, first, two steel plates 10A (base material) were butted together and placed on the rough surface 122 of a C-type jig 12 as shown in FIG. 2A, and the ends of each were fixed with fixing bolts 14. The two steel plates 10A were placed so that the butted parts were located on the non-rough surface part 124 in the center of the rough surface 122. In this state, the butted parts were welded to form a welded metal part 100. The welding was performed under the conditions described in each of the above-mentioned <1. Submerged arc welding (SAW) using solid wire and flux>, <2. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) using a shielded metal arc welding rod>, <3. Arc welding (FCAW) using flux-cored wire>, and <4. Gas tungsten arc welding (TIG) using a filler metal>.
When the welded metal part 100 solidifies after welding, a hot crack 110 may occur in a part of the welded metal part 100 as shown in Fig. 2B. The hot crack 110 occurs due to the action of tensile stress when solidification occurs in the welded metal part 100 as shown in Fig. 2C.
No.1~42において得られた溶接継手における溶接金属について、溶接金属部に発生する割れ長さを測定した。
高温割れの判定については、溶接長をL(mm)とし、Lのうち総割れ長さをLc(mm)として、割れ率R(%)を以下の式で算出し、割れ率R≦15%の場合を合格とし、割れ率R>15%の場合を不合格と判定した。
R=Lc/L×100(%)
For the weld metals of the welded joints obtained in Nos. 1 to 42, the length of cracks occurring in the weld metal portion was measured.
For the judgment of hot cracking, the weld length was L (mm), the total crack length of L was Lc (mm), and the crack rate R (%) was calculated using the following formula. A crack rate R≦15% was judged as pass, and a crack rate R>15% was judged as fail.
R=Lc/L×100(%)
表3-1~表3-4に示す結果から、本開示例の溶接金属は、耐高温割れ性に優れることがわかる。
一方、Nb、V、Ta、Hf、Ti、及びZrの元素を前述の含有量で含んでいない比較例の溶接金属は、フィスコ割れ評価において不合格の判定となっている。
The results shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 show that the weld metals of the present disclosure have excellent hot cracking resistance.
On the other hand, the weld metal of the comparative example, which does not contain the elements Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr in the above-mentioned amounts, was judged to be unsatisfactory in the FISCO cracking evaluation.
なお、日本出願2023-204166の開示はその全体が参照により本明細書に取り込まれる。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、および技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、および技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に参照により取り込まれる。
The disclosure of Japanese Application No. 2023-204166 is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
All publications, patent applications, and standards mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent application, or standard was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
2A、2B 母材
10A 鋼板(母材)
10B 溶接継手サンプル
12 C型治具
14 固定用ボルト
100 溶接金属部
110 高温割れ
122 粗面
124 非粗面部
2A, 2B Base material 10A Steel plate (base material)
10B Welded joint sample 12 C-shaped jig 14 Fixing bolt 100 Welded metal portion 110 Hot crack 122 Rough surface 124 Non-rough surface portion
Claims (6)
C :0.20~0.80%、
Si:0.03~0.50%、
Mn:5.1~20.0%、
P :0~0.050%、
S :0~0.050%、
Cu:0~5.0%、
Ni:6.0~20.0%、
Cr:0~10.0%、
Mo:0~10.0%、
Nb:0~5.00%、
V :0~5.00%、
Ta:0~5.000%、
Hf:0~5.000%、
Ti:0~5.00%、
Zr:0~5.000%、
Co:0~1.0%、
Pb:0~1.0%、
Sn:0~1.0%、
W :0~5.0%、
Mg:0~0.10%、
Al:0.001~0.100%、
Ca:0~5.00%、
B :0~0.500%、
REM:0~0.500%、
N :0~0.500%、
O :0.001~0.150%、並びに
残部:Fe及び不純物であり、
且つ前記Nb、前記V、前記Ta、前記Hf、前記Ti、及び前記Zrからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の元素を下記の含有量で含む、溶接金属。
Nb:1.00%超
V :1.00%超
Ta:0.001%以上
Hf:0.001%以上
Ti:0.10%超
Zr:0.500%超 The chemical composition is expressed as mass% relative to the total mass of the weld metal.
C: 0.20-0.80%,
Si: 0.03-0.50%,
Mn: 5.1 to 20.0%,
P: 0 to 0.050%,
S: 0 to 0.050%,
Cu: 0 to 5.0%,
Ni: 6.0 to 20.0%,
Cr: 0-10.0%,
Mo: 0-10.0%,
Nb: 0 to 5.00%,
V: 0-5.00%,
Ta: 0-5.000%,
Hf: 0-5.000%,
Ti: 0 to 5.00%,
Zr: 0-5.000%,
Co: 0 to 1.0%,
Pb: 0 to 1.0%,
Sn: 0 to 1.0%,
W: 0 to 5.0%,
Mg: 0 to 0.10%,
Al: 0.001-0.100%,
Ca: 0-5.00%,
B: 0 to 0.500%,
REM: 0-0.500%,
N: 0 to 0.500%,
O: 0.001 to 0.150%, and the balance: Fe and impurities;
and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Hf, Ti, and Zr in the following content:
Nb: More than 1.00% V: More than 1.00% Ta: More than 0.001% Hf: More than 0.001% Ti: More than 0.10% Zr: More than 0.500%
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022030200A1 (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-10 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Solid wire for gas metal arc welding use |
| JP7029034B1 (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-03-02 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Welded joints and their manufacturing methods |
| JP7188646B1 (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-12-13 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | submerged arc welded fittings |
| JP7492185B1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-05-29 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Shielded metal arc welding electrode and method for manufacturing welded joint |
| JP7510104B1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-07-03 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Weld metals, welded joints, and welded structures |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022030200A1 (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-10 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Solid wire for gas metal arc welding use |
| JP7029034B1 (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-03-02 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Welded joints and their manufacturing methods |
| JP7188646B1 (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-12-13 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | submerged arc welded fittings |
| JP7492185B1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-05-29 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Shielded metal arc welding electrode and method for manufacturing welded joint |
| JP7510104B1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-07-03 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Weld metals, welded joints, and welded structures |
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