WO2025114916A1

WO2025114916A1 - Method, apparatus and computer program

Info

Publication number: WO2025114916A1
Application number: PCT/IB2024/061942
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matha DEGHEL
Original assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy
Current assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy
Priority date: 2023-12-01
Filing date: 2024-11-27
Publication date: 2025-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 2026-06-01

Abstract

A user equipment comprising: means for determining uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by the user equipment, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the user equipment.

Description

METHOD, APPARATUS AND COMPUTER PROGRAM RELATED APPLICATION This application claims priority to FI Application No. 20236329 filed December 1, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD Various example embodiments of this disclosure relate to a method, apparatus, and computer program. BACKGROUND A communication network can be seen as a facility that enables communications between two or more communication devices, or provides communication devices access to a data network. A mobile or wireless communication network is one example of a communication network. A communication device may be provided with a service by an application server. Such communication networks operate in according with standards such as those provided by 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) or ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute). Examples of standards are the so-called 5G (5th Generation) standards provided by 3GPP. SUMMARY Some example embodiments of this disclosure will be described with respect to certain aspects. These aspects are not intended to indicate key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor are they intended to be used to limit the scope of thereof. Other features, aspects, and elements will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art in view of this disclosure. According to an aspect, there is provided a user equipment comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the user equipment at least to: determine uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by the user equipment, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the user equipment. The information may be obtained based on one or more of: one or more indications; configuration; and one or more rules. The information may be obtained from information provided by or associated with a transmission configuration indicator state. The information may be obtained by determining from a transmission configuration indicator state identity that the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with the information. The information may be obtained based on quasi co-located configuration. The information may be obtained based on reference signal configuration. The information may be obtained from at least one access node. The information may be obtained from an indication provided in one or more of: radio resource configuration information; a media access control control element; and/or downlink control information. The information may be obtained from an indication associated with at least one uplink resource to be used for an uplink transmission for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined. The information may be obtained based on quasi-colocation information or a transmission configuration indicator state of an uplink transmission, for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined, wherein the quasi-colocation information or the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with an uplink reference signal. The information may be obtained based on a transmission configuration indicator corresponding to an uplink-only access node. The uplink only access node may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. One or more of the access nodes may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. The one or more parameters may comprise at least one of: pathloss; pathloss offset; power control offset; open-loop parameter; closed loop parameter; and/or power control level. The one or more values obtained by the user equipment may comprise at least one of: one or more values received from an access node, or one or more values measured by the user equipment. The user equipment may be configured to perform measuring of the one or more values. The one or more values may be used to provide one or more values of the one or more parameters or to modify one or more values measured by the user equipment. The one or more values measured by the user equipment may be with respect to one or more reference signals transmitted by one or more access nodes. The user equipment may be configured to perform transmitting to the at least one access node with the determined uplink transmission power, the one or more reference signals being transmitted by one or more different access nodes. The obtained information may be used to control one or more of: an interpretation of at least one downlink control indicator: an interpretation of at least one media access control control element; which one or more tables or one or more sets of values are to be used to determine the uplink transmission power; and which one or more fields are to be read to obtain one or more values to be used to determine the uplink transmission power. The information may comprise one or more of the one or more values. The information indicating that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters may be associated with a first method to determine the uplink transmission power, the determining means being configured to determine the uplink transmission power using a second method when the user equipment obtains different information. The second method may comprise determining one or more values of the one or more parameters based on one or more measured values associated with one or more downlink signals from one or more access nodes and using the one or more values of the one or more parameters to determine the uplink transmission power to transmit to the one or more access nodes from which the one or more reference signals have been received. The user equipment may comprise means for transmitting to the at least one access node with the determined uplink transmission power. According to another aspect, there is provided a method comprising: determining uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by a user equipment, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the user equipment. The method may comprise obtaining the information. The information may be obtained based on one or more of: one or more indications; configuration; and one or more rules. The information may be obtained from information provided by or associated with a transmission configuration indicator state. The information may be obtained by determining from a transmission configuration indicator state identity that the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with the information. The information may be obtained based on quasi co-located configuration. The information may be obtained based on reference signal configuration. The information may be obtained from at least one access node. The information may be obtained from an indication provided in one or more of: radio resource configuration information; a media access control control element; and/or downlink control information. The information may be obtained from an indication associated with at least one uplink resource to be used for an uplink transmission for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined. The information may be obtained based on quasi-colocation information or a transmission configuration indicator state of an uplink transmission, for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined, wherein the quasi-colocation information or the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with an uplink reference signal. The information may be obtained based on a transmission configuration indicator corresponding to an uplink-only access node. The uplink only access node may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. One or more of the access nodes may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. The one or more parameters may comprise at least one of: pathloss; pathloss offset; power control offset; open-loop parameter; closed loop parameter; and/or power control level. The method may comprise obtaining the one or more values. The one or more values obtained by the user equipment may comprise at least one of: one or more values received from an access node, or one or more values measured by the user equipment. The method may comprise measuring of the one or more values. The one or more values may be used to provide one or more values of the one or more parameters or to modify one or more values measured by the user equipment. The one or more values measured by the user equipment may be with respect to one or more reference signals transmitted by one or more access nodes. The method may comprise transmitting to the at least one access node with the determined uplink transmission power, the one or more reference signals being transmitted by one or more different access nodes. The obtained information may be used to control one or more of: an interpretation of at least one downlink control indicator: an interpretation of at least one media access control control element; which one or more tables or one or more sets of values are to be used to determine the uplink transmission power; and which one or more fields are to be read to obtain one or more values to be used to determine the uplink transmission power. The information may comprise one or more of the one or more values. The information indicating that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters may be associated with a first method to determine the uplink transmission power, the method comprising determining the uplink transmission power using a second method when the user equipment obtains different information. The second method may comprise determining one or more values of the one or more parameters based on one or more measured values associated with one or more downlink signals from one or more access nodes and using the one or more values of the one or more parameters to determine the uplink transmission power to transmit to the one or more access nodes from which the one or more downlink signals have been received. The method may comprise transmitting to the at least one access node with the determined uplink transmission power. The method may be performed by an apparatus. The apparatus may be a user equipment. According to another aspect, there is provided an access node comprising: means for providing information to a user equipment indicating that the user equipment is to use one or more values for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining an uplink transmission power to be used for transmitting to at least one access node. The information may be provided by one or more of: one or more indications; configuration; and one or more rules. The information may be provided by or associated with a transmission configuration indicator state. A transmission configuration indicator state identity may be associated with the information. The information may be provided by or associated with quasi co-located configuration. The information may be provided by or associated with reference signal configuration. The information may be provided by an indication provided in one or more of: radio resource configuration information; a media access control control element; and/or downlink control information. The information may be provided by an indication associated with at least one uplink resource to be used for an uplink transmission for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined. The information may be obtained based on quasi-colocation information or a transmission configuration indicator state of an uplink transmission, for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined, wherein the quasi-colocation information or the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with an uplink reference signal. The information may by a transmission configuration indicator corresponding to an uplink-only access node. The uplink only access node may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. One or more of the access nodes may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. The one or more parameters may comprise at least one of: pathloss; pathloss offset; power control offset; open-loop parameter; closed loop parameter; and/or power control level. The one or more values may comprise one or more values received from the access node. The one or more values may be used to provide one or more values of the one or more parameters or to modify one or more values measured by the user equipment. The access node may transmit one or more reference signals and the one or more values measured by the user equipment may be with respect to the one or more reference signals. The information may comprise one or more of the one or more values. The information indicating that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters may be associated with a first method to determine the uplink transmission power. The means for providing may provide different information to the user equipment when the user equipment is to use a second method to determine an uplink transmission power. The second method may comprise determining one or more values of the one or more parameters based on one or more measured values associated with one or more downlink signals from the access node and using the one or more values of the one or more parameters to determine the uplink transmission power to transmit to the access node. According to another aspect, there is provided a method comprising: providing information to a user equipment indicating that the user equipment is to use one or more values for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining an uplink transmission power to be used for transmitting to at least one access node. The information may be provided by one or more of: one or more indications; configuration; and one or more rules. The information may be provided by or associated with a transmission configuration indicator state. A transmission configuration indicator state identity may be associated with the information. The information may be provided by or associated with quasi co-located configuration. The information may be provided by or associated with reference signal configuration. The information may be provided by an indication provided in one or more of: radio resource configuration information; a media access control control element; and/or downlink control information. The information may be provided by an indication associated with at least one uplink resource to be used for an uplink transmission for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined. The information may be obtained based on quasi-colocation information or a transmission configuration indicator state of an uplink transmission, for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined, wherein the quasi-colocation information or the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with an uplink reference signal. The information may by a transmission configuration indicator corresponding to an uplink-only access node. The uplink only access node may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. One or more of the access nodes may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. The one or more parameters may comprise at least one of: pathloss; pathloss offset; power control offset; open-loop parameter; closed loop parameter; and/or power control level. The one or more values may comprise one or more values received from the access node. The one or more values may be used to provide one or more values of the one or more parameters or to modify one or more values measured by the user equipment. The method may comprise transmitting one or more reference signals and the one or more values measured by the user equipment may be with respect to the one or more reference signals. The information may comprise one or more of the one or more values. The information indicating that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters may be associated with a first method to determine the uplink transmission power. The method may comprise providing different information to the user equipment when the user equipment is to use a second method to determine an uplink transmission power. The second method may comprise determining one or more values of the one or more parameters based on one or more measured values associated with one or more downlink signals from the access node and using the one or more values of the one or more parameters to determine the uplink transmission power to transmit to the access node. The method may be performed by an apparatus. The apparatus may be an access node. According to an aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the method according to any of the preceding aspects. In the above, many different embodiments have been described. It should be appreciated that further embodiments may be provided by the combination of any two or more of the embodiments described above. DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES Embodiments will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying Figures in which: Figure 1 schematically shows an example where a user equipment is communicating with three access nodes; Figure 2 schematically shows an apparatus of an access node according to some example embodiments; Figure 3 schematically shows a user equipment according to some example embodiments; Figure 4 schematically shows different TCI states used by a user equipment to communicate with three access nodes; Figure 5 shows a method of some embodiments; and Figure 6 shows another method of some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Some embodiments may relate to the power control in a scenario where a UE has an UL only connection to an access node. Reference is made to Figure 1 which shows a UE 300 and three access nodes 200a, 200b and 200c. The first access node 200a may be a base station. In a 5G system, the base station is referred to as a gNB. The UE has an UL connection and a DL connection with the first access node 200a. In the example shown in Figure 1, the UE has an UL connection (but no DL connection) with the second access node 200b. Likewise, the UE has an UL connection (but no DL connection) with the third access node 200b. The second and third access nodes 200b and 200c may be RxPs (reception points). Various UL power control procedures are known. For example, in NR (new radio) of 5G, the PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) power control is based on a combination of open-loop power control and closed loop power control. The open-loop power control may include support for fractional path-loss compensation, where the UE estimates the UL path-loss based on DL measurements and sets the transmit power accordingly. The closed-loop power control may be based on explicit transmit power-control (TPC) commands provided by the network. The UE may use closed-loop parameters (e.g. a closed-loop index, and a TPC command) and open-loop parameters (e.g. a pathloss reference signal (RS), p0, α). The TPC command may be carried in the DCI (downlink control information) scheduling the PUSCH transmission. The TPC command (and corresponding closed-loop index) may be carried jointly to multiple UEs by means of a group-common DCI. This may be done by using DCI format 2- 2. Some of the power control parameters that the PUSCH transmission power depends on comprise one or more of: closed-loop index (also known as PC (power control) adjustment state); TPC command (fb,f,c, - this may be an absolute or accumulative TPC command); pathloss PL of a RS (reference signal); p0 (also denoted as _{P0_UE_PUSCH} – this may be regarded a target received power for PUSCH open loop power control calculations); alpha α (for part of the full path-loss compensation); and DETLA_TF (i.e., ∆TF,b,f,c(i)) – this is sometimes referred to as a power adjustment component. This term models how the required received power varies when the number of information BPRE (bits per resource element) changes due to different modulation schemes and channel-coding rates. The PUSCH power may be determined by the UE based on the following: If a UE transmits a PUSCH on an active UL BWP (bandwidth part) b of carrier f of serving cell c using a parameter set configuration with index j and PUSCH power control adjustment state with index l, the UE determines the PUSCH transmission power ^_PUSCH,^,^,^ ^{(^, ^, ^} _^ ^{, ^) (in dBm)} in PUSCH transmission occasion i as ^PCMAX,f , ( i ), ^ in ^ c P = m ^ ^ ^ l ) ^{^} _^

is a reference signal transmitted by the UE in the UL direction. The SRS transmission power may be determined based on the following: If a UE transmits an SRS based on a configuration by SRS-ResourceSet on an active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c using a SRS power control adjustment state with index l, the UE determines the SRS transmission power ^_SRS,^,^,^(^, ^_^, ^) (in DBm) in SRS transmission occasion i as: ^ ^PCMAX, f , c( i ), ^ P , f,c(i,q s, ^ SRS,b l) = min^ ^ ^_^PO_SRS,b,f ,c(qs)+10log10(2^µ⋅MSRS,b,f ,c(i))+ αSRS,b, f ,c(qs)⋅PLb, f ,c(qd) +hb,f , c(i, l ) ^{^} _^

If a UE transmits a PUCCH on an active UL BWP b of carrier f in the primary cell c using the PUCCH power control adjustment state with index l, the UE determines the PUCCH transmission power ^_PUCCH,^,^,^(^, ^_^, ^_^ , ^) (in dBm) in PUCCH transmission occasion i as ^ i ), ^ P (i ^ PUCCH,_b, _f ,_c ,q_u,q _d, l) =

(q _µ PUC ^ u)+10log10(2 ⋅M CH RB,b, f ,c(i))+PLb, f ,c(qd)+∆ ₍F ₎+∆TF,b, f ,c(i) +gb, f , c(i, l ) _^^

may on a The PL component may be defined as follows: ^^_^,^,^(^_^)= reference signal power – higher layer filtered RSRP (reference signal received power). The reference signal power may be provided by the higher layers. RSRP may be defined for the reference serving cell. The higher layer filter configuration may be provided in the configuration associated with the reference serving cell. Reverting back to the arrangement shown in Figure 1, an issue arises when determining the power of the UL signals transmitted by the UE to the second and third access nodes 200b and 200c. The examples discussed above for determining the power of the UL signals or channels relies on the UE being able to measure a DL reference signal to determine the pathloss parameter. Some embodiments aim to address this issue. It should be appreciated that the arrangement shown in Figure 1 may be an example of M-TRP (multi transmission reception point). Each of the access nodes may be regarded as being a “TRP” of the M-TRP although two of the access nodes are acting as a RxP. The example shown in Figure 1 may be an asymmetric downlink S-TRP (single TRP – provided by the first access node 200a) /UL M-TRP (provided by the second and third access nodes 200b and 200c) scenario. In the example shown in Figure 1, the access nodes are intra-band, intra-cell and non- co-located. It should be appreciated the UL power of the signals and channels transmitted by the UE to the first access node 200a may be controlled as discussed previously based on one or more reference signals transmitted by the first access node 200a. In particular, the UE may determine a pathloss measurement of the DL reference signals transmitted by the first access node 200a. However, the second and third access nodes, in the example of Figure 1, only receive uplink signals from the UE. As the second and third access nodes do not transmit to the UE, a measurement of the pathloss from a respective reference signal of the second and third access nodes to the UE cannot be made. In other words, UL-only access nodes such as the second and third access nodes do not transmit DL reference signals for a UE-side PL measurement. It should be noted that the PL for first access node and the PL for the UL-only access nodes such as the second and third access nodes may be different, particularly in the case where the access nodes are not collocated. The PL determined for the first access node may thus not be effective or suitable for the second and third access nodes. In some embodiments, the user equipment may determine uplink transmission power for transmitting to an access node. The determining may be based on information obtained by the user equipment. The information may be used by the user equipment to determine how the uplink transmission power is determined. The information may be obtained based on one or more of: one or more indications; configurations and/or rules. In some embodiments, one or more parameters used to determine the uplink power may be based at least partially on (i) indicated value information based on the information obtained by the user equipment, for example an indication provided by the first access node, e.g. a gNB – (this may be for the UL only access nodes) and/or (ii) one or more measured values by the UE (this may be for the UL and DL access nodes). The indicated value information may comprise one or more values obtained by the UE. The one or more measured values may be in respect of one or more signals transmitted by the first access node. The one or more signals may be reference signals. The uplink power may be determined for an uplink channel or signal. By way of example, the uplink channel or signal may be one or more of: SRS, PUSCH, PUCCH, and PRACH. The UE may use the value of the one or parameters for the determination of transmission power in the UL direction. As can be seen from the various equations for determining an uplink power set out above, a term may be provided for pathloss PL. The indicated value information may be used with respect to the determination of this term and/or a path loss compensation term. The indicated value information may be used when determining the UL power for the second or third nodes and may provide one or more of the following: The indicated value information may provide a pathloss term to be used; The indicated value information may provide an additional term which is to be used to provide a path loss compensation; and/or The indicated value information may provide a multiplier which is to be used to adjust a pathloss term. This will be explained with reference to the equation for determining the power of the SRS signal when determining the UL power for an UL only access node . ^ ^PCMAX, f , c( i ), ^P ,c(i,q s, ^ SRS,b , f l) = min^ ^ + l ) ^{^} _^

The indicated value information may provide information as to a value of the path loss ^{^^} _^,^,^ ^{(^} _^ ^{) ,} e.g., based on UL Pathloss measurement at the network/ UL-only node side. The indicated value information may provide an additional term which is to be used to provide a path loss compensation – an additional term x is added to the equation. In this example the value of the path loss ^^_^,^,^(^_^) may be determined based on measurements of the reference signal from the first access node or based on the indicated value information which provides information as to a value of the path loss ^^_^,^,^ ⁽^_^ ⁾. The indicated value information may provide a multiplier which is to be used to adjust a pathloss term. For example, the indicated value information may provide a value for α or an additional term or value by which the path loss ^^_^,^,^ ⁽^_^ ⁾ is multiplied. It should be noted that some UL power functions do not include α. In those cases, a multiplier is provided. In this example the value of the path loss ^^_^,^,^(^_^) may be determined based on measurements of the reference signal from the first access node or based on the indicated value information which provides information as to a value of the path loss ^{^^} _^,^,^ ^{(^} _^ ^). Optionally an additional term may additionally be provided, such as discussed earlier. As mentioned, the parameter or term which is being adjusted in the previous examples is path loss. Alternatively or additionally one or more of the following may be adjusted by the indicated value information: pathloss offset; a power control offset; one or more open-loop parameters (e.g. P0 and/or α); one or more closed loop parameters; a power control level parameter; and/or any other suitable power control parameters. Some embodiments may make use of TCI (transmission configuration indicator) states. In some communication systems, such as 5G and 6G systems, communications between access node (e.g. TRPs) and user equipment may take place via one or more beams. As part of a beam management framework, beam reporting may be used to help the system align access node and UE side beams for downlink and uplink. In some examples, beam reporting may comprise the UE measuring downlink reference signals (for example provided by the first access node) that characterize different access node beams using a receive beam or different receive beams and providing measurement results (e.g. layer 1-reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) measurements) to the network. The access node (e.g. the first access node) may use the measurements for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) beam selection. The framework may support joint UL and DL states or separate DL and UL states. With separate DL and UL states, the UE may be configured with TCI states separately for downlink and uplink. Thus separate beams may be used to communicate on uplink and downlink directions. For an UL only access node, there may only be UL TCI states. In the unified TCI framework, TCI states provide QCL (quasi-co-located) assumptions for the reception of DL signals and channels and/or spatial sources for the transmission of UL signals and channels to determine an UL TX (transmitter) spatial filter. In some embodiments, the UE may receive an indication from the first access node for one or more of the first to third access nodes indicating if the UE is to use a measured value when determining the UL power or if the UE is to use indicated value information. This may be provided by a bit of the IE (information element). In some embodiments, the UE may receive the indicated value information from the first access node. In some embodiments, the UE will use received indicated value information as an indicator that the UE is to use the indicated value information. In some embodiments, the UE will used the indicator that the UE is to use indicated value information to determine or look up the required indicated value information. The information may be obtained from information provided by or associated with a transmission configuration indicator state. In some embodiments, the UE may determine if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node using the UL TCI state used for the transmission of the signal/channel. In other words, the indicator is provided by the UL TCI state. A TCI state(s) may for each access node may include or be associated with an indicator that indicates the parameter value determination is at least partially based on indicated value information or on a measured value. The information may be obtained by determining from a transmission configuration indicator state identity that the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with the information. In some embodiments, alternatively or additionally, the TCI state (ID) used for the transmission of the signal/channel for each access node will be used by the UE as an indicator to determine if the UE is to use indicated value information or measured information to determine the UL power for the respective access node. For example, one or more TCI states may be configured in such a way that the parameter value determination is at least partially based on the indicated value information. Other one or more TCI states may be configured in such a way that the parameter value determination is at least partially based on a measured value. The information may be obtained based on quasi co-located configuration. The information may be obtained based on reference signal configuration. In some embodiments, alternatively or additionally, the QCL (quasi-colocation) information, represented by a reference signal (such as SSB, CSI-RS, TRS, SRS) indicated/used for the transmission may be used to indicate if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node. One or more QCL information, or reference signals, may be configured in such a way that the parameter value determination is at least partially based on the indicated value information. One or more QCL information, or reference signals, may be configured in such a way that the parameter value determination is at least partially based on a measured value. The information may be obtained from an indication provided in one or more of: radio resource configuration information; a media access control control element; and/or downlink control information. In some embodiments, alternatively, a RRC (radio resource configuration) message, MAC CE (media access control control element), or DCI may be used to provide an indicator to the UE if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node. For example, the DCI scheduling the UL channel/signal may contain an indication if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node. As another example, a configuration/indication via RRC, MAC CE, or DCI may be provided on a per UL resource (such as SRS resource, PUCCH resource, PUSCH resource) or UL resource set/group (such as SRS resource set) level in order to indicate if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node when the UL resource or resource set is used. The information may be obtained from an indication associated with at least one uplink resource to be used for an uplink transmission for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined. The information may be obtained based on quasi-colocation information or a transmission configuration indicator state of an uplink transmission, for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined, pointing to an uplink reference signal. In some embodiments, alternatively or additionally, depending on whether the QCL information of the TCI state (used for the transmission of the signal/channel) points to an SRS (sounding reference signal) or not may be used to indicate if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node. For example, if the QCL information points to an SRS, this may indicate that the UE is to use indicated value information. Alternatively, or additionally, if the QCL information points to a DL reference signal, this may indicate that the UE is to use a measured value. The information may be obtained based on a transmission configuration indicator corresponding to an uplink-only access node. The uplink only access node may correspond to or be represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; and/or physical cell identity. In some embodiments, alternatively or additionally, depending on whether the TCI state used for the UL signal/channel corresponds to or is associated with a RxP (or UL-only node) may be used to indicate if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node. For example, if the TCI state used for the UL signal/channel corresponds to or is associated with an RxP (or UL-only node), this may indicate that the UE is to use indicated value information; otherwise the UE is to use a measured value. In some embodiments, alternatively or additionally, depending on whether the TCI state used for the UL signal/channel, or the PDCCH scheduling the UL signal/channel or the UL resource(s) used for the UL transmission, corresponds to a CORESET Pool Index, TRP ID, RRH (remote radio head), reference signals set, SRS resource set, and/or PCI (physical cell identity) that is associated with or that represents an RxP or an UL-only node may be used to indicate if the UE is to use a measured value or indicated value information to determine the UL power for a particular access node. In some embodiments, if the UE determines that the UE is to use indicated value information when determining the UL power of a respective access node, the UE may be configured to perform one or more: Interpret at least one DCI (or MAC CE) field or at least one DCI sub-field differently as compared to when the UE is to use a measured value to determine the UL power. This may be to provide the indicated value information. For example, the field may be an open-loop indication field, a TPC field, and/or any power related field; Consider a different RRC (or MAC CE) configured table, or a set of values for P0, TPC and/or any other power control parameter. The UE is able to the fetch the indicated value information from the applicable set/table of values; and/or Read/consider one or more fields, for example a field providing a power level/ offset value, and use the value in the field to provide the indicated value information for the UL transmission power determination. In some embodiments, the indicated value information may be a power control parameter offset based on which the UL transmission power is at least partially determined. For example, the offset may be a PL offset which is added/sub-subtracted from the latest (measured) PL used for power determination of an UL transmission. For example, the offset may be a PL offset which is added/sub-subtracted from the (measured) PL where this PL is measured based on a reference signal (such as SSB, CSI-RS, TRS) associated with the TCI state or UL resource used for the UL transmission. The indicated value information may cause the UE to restart a closed-loop power operation (set the loop value to 0). Reference is made to Figure 4 which shows an arrangement similar to that shown in Figure 1. However, in this example an UL transmission towards the second access node 200b, e.g. a RxP, can be done using TCI state 1. An UL transmission towards the third access node 200c e.g. a RxP, can be done using TCI state 2. An UL transmission towards the first access node 200a, e.g. a gNB, can be done using TCI state 0. In this example, TCI state 1 is associated with using indicated value information for the determination of PL. TCI state 2 is associated with using indicated value information for the determination of PL. TCI state 0 is associated with using a measured value for the determination of PL. In this example, a UE scheduled/configured to use TCI state x (where x=0, 1 or 2) to apply for an UL transmission, determines the pathloss parameter according to the above association. In other words, the TCI ID is used as an indicator by the UE 300 to determine if a measured value is to be used or if indicated value information is to be used. Some embodiments may be provide an efficient power control operation considering the presence of RxPs/ UL-only nodes. Some embodiments may be provide a lower UE power consumption (by selecting suitable Tx power), and a lower interference on the UL. Figure 2 illustrates an example of an apparatus 200. The apparatus may comprise or implement at least a part of an access node. The apparatus 200 comprises at least one memory (for example at least one random access memory (RAM) 211a and at least one read only memory (ROM) 211b), at least one processor 212, 213 and an input/output interface 214. The at least one processor 212, 213 is coupled to the RAM 211a and the ROM 211b. The at least one processor 212, 213 may be configured to execute an appropriate software code 215. The software code 215 may be stored in the ROM 211b. The software code 215 may comprise software code of the access node. When the software code is executed by the at least one processor 212, 213, the apparatus 200 may perform the present aspects or examples described herein. The apparatus 200 may comprise one or more circuits, or circuitry (not shown) which may be configured to perform one or more of the present aspects or examples. Figure 3 illustrates an example of a UE 300. The communication device may alternatively be referred to as a terminal. The UE 300 may be any communication device capable of sending and receiving wireless signals, including radio signals. Non-limiting examples of a UE 300 are a user equipment, a mobile station (MS) or mobile device such as a mobile phone or what is known as a ’smart phone’, a computer provided with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility (e.g., USB dongle), a personal data assistant (PDA) or a tablet provided with wireless communication capabilities, a machine-type communications (MTC) device, a Cellular Internet of things (CIoT) device or any combinations of these or the like. The UE 300 may provide, for example, signals for carrying communications. The communications may be one or more of voice, electronic mail (email), text message, multimedia, data, machine data and so on. The UE 300 may receive signals over an air or radio interface 307 via appropriate apparatus for receiving radio signals and may transmit signals via appropriate apparatus for transmitting radio signals. In Figure 3, a transceiver apparatus is designated schematically by block 306. The transceiver apparatus 306 may be provided for example by means of a radio part and associated antenna arrangement. The antenna arrangement may be arranged internally or externally to the mobile device. The antenna arrangement may comprise an antenna array that includes one or more antenna elements. The UE 300 may be provided with or comprise at least one processor 301, at least one memory (for example at least one ROM 302a and at least one RAM 302b) and other possible components 303 for use in software and hardware aided execution of tasks it is designed to perform, including control of access to and communications with access networks of a wireless communication system (e.g., the wireless communication system 100) and other terminals. The at least one processor 301 is coupled to the RAM 302b and the ROM 302a. The at least one processor 301 may be configured to execute an appropriate software code 308. The software code 308 may for example allow to perform traffic aggregation in accordance with the present aspects or examples described herein. The software code 308 may be stored in the ROM 302a. The UE 300 may comprise one or more circuits, or circuitry (not shown) which may be configured to perform traffic aggregation in accordance with the present aspects or examples described herein. The processor, storage and other relevant control apparatus may be provided on an appropriate circuit board and/or in chipsets. This feature is denoted by reference 304. The device may optionally have a user interface such as keypad 305, touch sensitive screen or pad, combinations thereof or the like. Optionally one or more of a display, a speaker and a microphone may be provided depending on the type of the device. Reference is made to Figure 5 which shows a method of some embodiments. This method may be performed by an apparatus. The apparatus may be a user equipment. The apparatus may comprise suitable means, such as circuitry for providing the method. Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to provide the method below. Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus may be such as discussed in relation to Figure 3. The method may be provided by computer program code or computer executable instructions. The method may comprise as referenced A1,determining uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by a user equipment, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the user equipment. It should be appreciated that the method outlined in Figure 5 may be modified to include any of the previously described features. Reference is made to Figure 6 which shows a method of some embodiments. This method may be performed by an apparatus. The apparatus may comprise or implement an access node. The apparatus may comprise suitable means, such as circuitry for providing an access node. Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions of software code that, when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to provide the method below. Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus may be such as discussed in relation to Figure 2. The method may be provided by computer program code or computer executable instructions. The method may comprise as referenced B1, providing information to a user equipment indicating that the user equipment is to use one or more values for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining an uplink transmission power to be used for transmitting to at least one access node. It should be appreciated that the method outlined in Figure 6 may be modified to include any of the previously described features. Some of the example embodiments have been described in relation to a wireless communication system operation in accordance with 3GPP standards for NR. However, some example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applicable to a wireless communication system that operates in accordance with 3GPP standards for 5G-advanced, or other future 3GPP standards such as 3GPP standards for 6G and beyond. The examples may thus vary within the scope of the attached claims. In general, some embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. For example, some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device, although embodiments are not limited thereto. While various embodiments may be illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other pictorial representation, it is well understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non- limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof. The examples may be implemented by computer software stored in a memory and executable by at least one data processor of the involved entities or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. Further in this regard it should be noted that any procedures may represent program steps, or interconnected logic circuits, blocks and functions, or a combination of program steps and logic circuits, blocks and functions. The software may be stored on such physical media as memory chips, or memory blocks implemented within the processor, magnetic media such as hard disk or floppy disks, and optical media such as for example DVD and the data variants thereof, CD. The term “non-transitory”, as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs ROM). As used herein, “at least one of the following:<a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of: <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and”, or “or”, mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all of the elements. The memory may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory. The data processors may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), gate level circuits and processors based on multi core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. Alternatively, or additionally some examples may be implemented using circuitry. The circuitry may be configured to perform one or more of the functions and/or method steps previously described. That circuitry may be provided in a base station and/or in a UE 300. As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit(s) (such as analogue and/or digital circuit(s)); (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as: (i) a combination of analogue and/or digital circuit(s) with software and/or firmware and (ii) any portions of hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as the UE 300 or a base station to perform the various functions previously described; and (c) hardware circuit(s) and or processor(s), such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example integrated device. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device. The foregoing description has provided by way of exemplary and non-limiting examples a full and informative description of some embodiments. However, various modifications and adaptations may become apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts in view of the foregoing description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the appended claims. However, all such and similar modifications of the teachings will still fall within the scope as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A user equipment comprising: means for determining uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by the user equipment, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the user equipment.

2. The user equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the information is obtained based on one or more of: one or more indications; configuration; and one or more rules.

3. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained from information provided by or associated with a transmission configuration indicator state.

4. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained by determining from a transmission configuration indicator state identity that the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with the information.

5. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained based on quasi co-located configuration.

6. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained based on reference signal configuration.

7. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained from at least one access node.

8. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained from an indication provided in one or more of: radio resource configuration information; a media access control control element; and/or downlink control information.

9. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information obtained from an indication associated with at least one uplink resource to be used for an uplink transmission for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined.

10. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained based on quasi-colocation information or a transmission configuration indicator state of an uplink transmission, for which the uplink transmission power is to be determined, wherein the quasi-colocation information or the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with an uplink reference signal.

11. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information is obtained based on a transmission configuration indicator corresponding to an uplink-only access node.

12. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein one or more of the access nodes corresponds to or is represented by one or more of: a control resource set pool index; a transmission-reception point identity; a remote radio head; a reference signal set; a sounding reference signal resource set; or physical cell identity.

13. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of: pathloss; pathloss offset; power control offset; open-loop parameter; closed loop parameter; and/or power control level.

14. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more values obtained by the user equipment comprises at least one of: one or more values received from an access node, or one or more values measured by the user equipment.

15. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more values are used to provide one or more values of the one or more parameters or to modify one or more values measured by the user equipment.

16. The user equipment as claimed in claim 14 or 15, wherein the one or more values measured by the user equipment are with respect to one or more reference signals transmitted by one or more access nodes.

17. The user equipment as claimed in claim 16, wherein the user equipment is to transmit to the at least one access node with the determined uplink transmission power, the one or more reference signals being transmitted by one or more different access nodes.

18. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the obtained information is used to control one or more of: an interpretation of at least one downlink control indicator: an interpretation of at least one media access control control element; which one or more tables or one or more sets of values are to be used to determine the uplink transmission power; and which one or more fields are to be read to obtain one or more values to be used to determine the uplink transmission power.

19. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information comprises one or more of the one or more values.

20. The user equipment as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the information indicating that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters is associated with a first method to determine the uplink transmission power, the determining means being configured to determine the uplink transmission power using a second method when the user equipment obtains different information.

21. The user equipment as claimed in claim 20, wherein the second method comprises determining one or more values of the one or more parameters based on one or more measured values associated with one or more downlink signals from one or more access nodes and using the one or more values of the one or more parameters to determine the uplink transmission power to transmit to the one or more access nodes from which the one or more downlink signals have been received.

22. A method comprising: determining uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by a user equipment, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the user equipment.

23. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to: determine uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by the apparatus, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the apparatus.

24. An access node comprising: means for providing information to a user equipment indicating that the user equipment is to use one or more values for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining an uplink transmission power to be used for transmitting to at least one access node.

25. A method comprising: providing information to a user equipment indicating that the user equipment is to use one or more values for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining an uplink transmission power to be used for transmitting to at least one access node.

26. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to: provide information to a user equipment indicating that the user equipment is to use one or more values for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining an uplink transmission power to be used for transmitting to at least one access node.