WO2025113249A1 - Channel information determination method and apparatus, and readable storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A channel information determination method and apparatus, and a readable storage medium, which relate to the technical field of communications and are used for improving the accuracy of acquired channel information. A terminal apparatus receives K1 first signals from a first satellite apparatus. On the basis of a first phase offset value and some or all of the K1 first signals, the terminal apparatus determines channel information between the first satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus. A phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and the first phase offset value is associated with the value of a frequency offset that occurs when the signals of the first satellite apparatus are transmitted to the terminal apparatus. According to said scheme, when the terminal apparatus performs channel estimation, the influence of the frequency offset of the signals on the precision of channel estimation can be reduced by means of setting the first phase offset value, so that the accuracy of channel information obtained by means of channel estimation can be improved.

Description

A method, device and readable storage medium for determining channel information

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on November 29, 2023, with application number 202311626703.0 and application name “A method, device and readable storage medium for determining channel information”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for determining channel information and a readable storage medium.

Background Art

In order to achieve truly seamless global network coverage, the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) proposed the construction of non-terrestrial networks (NTN). In recent years, low earth orbit (LEO) satellites located 200 kilometers (km) to 2000km above the ground have attracted widespread attention from academia and industry. In recent years, some companies have planned to build giant LEO constellations, including thousands or even tens of thousands of LEO satellites. As the size of satellite constellations increases, there will be more than one satellite within the visible range of user equipment (UE). Single-satellite transmission has limited effect on improving system capacity. In order to effectively improve the capacity of satellite overlapping coverage areas, satellite systems have gradually evolved from single-satellite transmission to multi-satellite coordinated transmission.

In multi-satellite coordinated transmission, multiple satellite devices can communicate with UEs. For example, when signals transmitted by multiple satellite devices reach UEs, the corresponding time-frequency resources may overlap. However, due to the long communication distance between the satellite device and the UE, the signals transmitted between different satellite devices and the UE may be subject to greater interference, which may result in inaccurate channel information obtained based on these signals subject to greater interference (such as channel information obtained through channel estimation). Inaccurate channel information will lead to poor anti-interference ability of subsequent signal transmission between the satellite device and the terminal, which will in turn lead to a decrease in system throughput performance. Based on this, how to improve the accuracy of the acquired channel information has become an urgent problem to be solved.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a channel information determination method, device and readable storage medium, which are used to improve the accuracy of acquired channel information.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining channel information, which can be performed by a terminal device. The terminal device can be a terminal device or a chip (or chip system) inside the terminal device.

In this solution, the terminal device receives K1 first signals from the first satellite device. K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value, and the first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The terminal device determines the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the first phase offset value and part or all of the K1 first signals.

Since the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the influence of the frequency offset of the signal on the accuracy of channel estimation by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

For example, the phase of part or all of the K1 first signals can be adjusted so that when channel estimation is subsequently performed based on part or all of the K1 first signals, the interference part in the channel estimation formula can be reduced or eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation and then improving the accuracy of channel information obtained through channel estimation.

In a possible implementation, the terminal device may receive signals from N satellite devices on the same time-frequency resources. N is an integer greater than 2. For example, the time-frequency resources occupied by signals sent by any two satellite devices among the N satellite devices may overlap or may not overlap at the transmitting end. However, the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signals of each satellite device among the N satellite devices when they arrive at the terminal device include the first time-frequency resources, and the first time-frequency resources belong to a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K1 first signals when they arrive at the terminal device.

It can also be understood that after the signals of N satellite devices are transmitted, due to transmission delay and frequency offset of the signals during the transmission process, the corresponding time-frequency resources after the signals of the N satellite devices are transmitted to the terminal device may overlap (or the time-frequency resources occupied by the signals of the N satellite devices at the receiving end at least partially overlap). In this way, there may be interference between the signals of the N satellite devices.

For example, the first satellite device and the second satellite device both belong to the N satellite devices. The terminal device also receives K2 second signals from the second satellite device, where K2 is a positive integer greater than 1.

In a possible implementation, the first phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is the difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device. Since the signal of the second satellite device may interfere with the signal of the first satellite device, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference, the setting of the first phase offset value can take into account the impact of the frequency offset of the signal of the second satellite device during the transmission process on the signal of the first satellite device, and then the setting of the first phase offset value can be more reasonable, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In another possible implementation, the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated, and the second phase offset value is the phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals sent by the second satellite device. The second phase offset value is zero or non-zero. Since the setting of the first phase offset value can take into account the influence of the frequency offset of the signal of the second satellite device during the transmission process on the signal of the first satellite device, the setting of the first phase offset value can be more reasonable, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

For example, the first phase offset value is φ ₁ ; the second phase offset value is φ ₂ , β _D1,2 is the difference in phase offset values when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, π is a constant, q ₁ is a positive integer, and N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. In one possible implementation, the value of q ₁ is an odd number. Based on this formula, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In a possible implementation, the terminal device sends information indicating a first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is used to determine a first phase offset value. Thus, the first satellite device can determine the first frequency difference based on the information indicating the first frequency difference, and then determine the first phase offset value based on the first frequency difference.

In another possible implementation, the terminal device sends the location information of the terminal device, and the location information is used to determine the first phase offset value. In this way, the first satellite device can determine the first phase offset value based on the location information of the terminal device. The first phase offset value can also be updated later as the location information of the terminal device is updated. The first phase offset value determined by this solution can be more reasonable, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In a possible implementation, the terminal device receives information indicating a first phase offset value, and determines the first phase offset value according to the information indicating the first phase offset value. In this solution, the terminal device can receive information indicating the first phase offset value, and then can better eliminate interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device in a subsequent channel estimation process based on the first phase offset value, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In another possible implementation, the terminal device obtains the first frequency difference, and determines the first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference. In this solution, the terminal device can calculate the first phase offset value by itself, which can reduce signaling overhead.

In a possible implementation, at least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2. By adjusting these parameters, interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In a possible implementation, K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device at K1 time units, and K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device at K2 time units. The value of K2 and/or the value of K1 are associated with a first time difference, and the first time difference is determined according to the difference between the time when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device. The number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the first satellite device and/or the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the second satellite device can be associated with the time difference. In this way, by adjusting the value of K1 and/or K2, interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In a possible implementation, the terminal device may receive information indicating K1 time units and/or information indicating K2 time units. In this way, the terminal device may receive signals in corresponding time units.

In one possible implementation, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the CP: K1 is equal to or greater than N, and/or K2 is equal to or greater than N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. In another possible implementation, when the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP, and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and/or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1). In this way, the values of K1 and/or K2 can be determined based on the difference between the times when K1 first signals and K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device, and then the setting of the values of K1 and/or K2 can be more reasonable, thereby avoiding the situation where the number of time units occupied by the signal is small. By setting the values of K1 and/or K2, interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

The first time unit of the K1 time units and the first time unit of the K2 time units may have no offset, or be understood as having an offset of zero. For example, an offset is included between the unit and the first time unit of the K2 time units, and the offset is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. By adjusting the offset, the difference between the time when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device can be adjusted, and then the difference can be adjusted to a more reasonable range, and then the interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process by setting the values of K1 and/or K2, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

The start transmission time of the K1 first signals and the start transmission time of the K2 second signals may be the same or different. For example, the difference between the start transmission time of the K1 first signals and the start transmission time of the K2 second signals is the second time difference, and the second time difference is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device respectively less than or equal to the duration of a time unit. By adjusting the second time difference, the difference between the time when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals arrive at the terminal device respectively can be adjusted, and then the difference can be adjusted to a more reasonable range, and then the interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process by setting the value of K1 and/or K2, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information. In this scheme, there may be an offset or no offset between the first time unit of the K1 time unit and the K2 time unit, for example, the K1 time unit and the K2 time unit can both be the first three symbols in time slot #1.

In a possible implementation, the K1 first signals include K3 first signals, K3 is a positive integer less than or equal to K1, and the time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the K3 first signals when arriving at the terminal device are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals when arriving at the terminal device. The terminal device can determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K3 first signals. It can also be understood that any one of the K3 first signals is interfered with by the signal from the second satellite device during transmission, and then the interference from the second satellite device to the K3 first signals can present a certain regularity, and then the interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process based on the regularity, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In a possible implementation, the terminal device determines a correction value corresponding to the first signal according to the phase of the first signal for the first signal among the K3 first signals. The terminal device determines the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device according to the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals. The correction value can compensate for the phase of the first signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information. On the other hand, the existence of the correction value can eliminate the interference in the channel estimation formula as much as possible, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a channel information determination method, which can be performed by a first satellite device. The first satellite device can be a satellite device or a chip (or chip system) inside the satellite device.

In this solution, the first satellite device obtains a first phase offset value corresponding to K1 first signals. K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the first phase offset value is a phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals, and the first phase offset value is associated with a value of a frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The first satellite device sends K1 first signals.

Since the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the influence of the frequency offset of the signal on the accuracy of channel estimation by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

In one possible implementation, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is the difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signals of the second satellite device and the first satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device. In another possible implementation, the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated, and the second phase offset value is the phase offset value between two second signals that are adjacent in the time domain among K2 second signals sent by the second satellite device, and K2 is a positive integer greater than 1.

In a possible implementation manner, the first satellite device receives information indicating a first frequency difference, and determines a first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference.

In yet another possible implementation, the first satellite device receives location information of the terminal device, and determines the first phase offset value according to the location information.

In a possible implementation manner, the first satellite device sends information indicating the first phase offset value; and/or; for example, the first satellite device may send information indicating the first phase offset value to the terminal device.

In another possible implementation, the first satellite device sends information indicating the second phase offset value. For example, the first satellite device may send information indicating the second phase offset value to the terminal device. In another possible implementation, the first satellite device may send information indicating the second phase offset value to the second satellite device, so that the second satellite device sends a signal according to the second phase offset value.

In a possible implementation manner, at least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2.

In a possible implementation manner, the K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device at K1 time units, and the K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device at K2 time units. The first satellite device determines the K1 time units and/or the K2 time units, and the value of K2 and/or the value of K1 is associated with a first time difference, and the first time difference is determined according to the difference between the time when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device.

In a possible implementation, the first satellite device sends information indicating K1 time units; and/or, for example, the first satellite device may send information indicating K1 time units to the terminal device.

In one possible implementation, the first satellite device sends information indicating K2 time units. For example, the first satellite device may send information indicating K2 time units to the terminal device. In another possible implementation, the first satellite device may send information indicating K2 time units to the second satellite device, so that the second satellite device sends a signal in the K2 time units.

In one possible implementation, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of CP occupation: K1 is equal to or greater than N, and/or K2 is equal to or greater than N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. In another possible implementation, when the first time difference is greater than the duration of CP occupation and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and/or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1).

For the relevant contents and beneficial effects of the second aspect and possible implementation methods of the second aspect, please refer to the relevant description of the first aspect and possible implementation methods of the first aspect, and no further details will be given.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a channel information determination method, which can be performed by a second satellite device. The second satellite device can be a satellite device or a chip (or chip system) inside the satellite device.

In the method, the second satellite device can obtain the second phase offset value corresponding to K2 second signals. K2 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the second phase offset value is the phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals, and the second phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The second satellite device sends K2 second signals.

Since the phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals is the second phase offset value, and since the second phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the influence of the frequency offset of the signal on the accuracy of channel estimation by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

In a possible implementation manner, the second phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is a difference in frequency offsets that occur when a signal from the first satellite device and a signal from the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device.

In a possible implementation, the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated, the first phase offset value is the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among K1 first signals sent by the first satellite device, and K1 is a positive integer greater than 1.

In a possible implementation manner, the second satellite device receives information indicating the second phase offset value. In a possible implementation manner, the second satellite device receives information indicating K2 time units.

For the relevant contents and beneficial effects of the third aspect and possible implementation methods of the third aspect, please refer to the relevant description of the first aspect and possible implementation methods of the first aspect, and no further details will be given.

In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device. The communication device may include a communication unit and a processing unit to perform any aspect of the first to third aspects above, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects. The communication unit is used to perform functions related to sending and receiving. The communication unit may be referred to as a transceiver unit. Optionally, the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit. In one design, the communication device is a communication chip, the processing unit may be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit may be an input/output circuit, an input/output interface, or an antenna port of the communication chip.

In another design, the communication unit may be a transmitter and a receiver, or the communication unit may be a transmitter and a receiver.

Optionally, the communication device also includes various modules that can be used to execute any aspect of the first to third aspects above, or execute any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device. The communication device may include a processor and a memory to execute any one of the first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects. Optionally, a transceiver is further included, the memory is used to store a computer program or instruction, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program or instruction from the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program or instruction in the memory, the communication device executes any one of the first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

Optionally, there are one or more processors and one or more memories.

Optionally, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.

Optionally, the transceiver may include a transmitter (transmitter) and a receiver (receiver).

In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device. The communication device may include a processor to execute any aspect of the first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects. For example, the processor executes any aspect of the first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects, through a logic circuit or by executing a computer program or instruction in a memory. The processor is coupled to the memory. Optionally, the communication device also includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device also includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

In one implementation, when the communication device is a terminal device, a first satellite device, or a second satellite device, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.

In another implementation, when the communication device is a chip or a chip system, the communication interface may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit on the chip or the chip system, etc. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

In a seventh aspect, a system is provided, the system comprising the above-mentioned terminal device.

In a possible implementation manner, the system may further include a first satellite device and/or a second satellite device.

In an eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions), which, when executed, enables a computer to execute any one of the first to third aspects described above, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

In the ninth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions). When the computer program is run on a computer, the computer executes any one of the first to third aspects above, or executes any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

In a tenth aspect, a processing device is provided, comprising: an interface circuit and a processing circuit. The interface circuit may include an input circuit and an output circuit. The processing circuit is used to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that any aspect of the first to third aspects above, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects is implemented.

In the specific implementation process, the above-mentioned processing device can be a chip, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a trigger, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, received and input by a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

In one implementation, when the communication device is a terminal device, a first satellite device, or a second satellite device, the interface circuit may be a radio frequency processing chip in the terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device, and the processing circuit may be a baseband processing chip in the terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device.

In another implementation, the communication device may be a part of a terminal device, a first satellite device or a second satellite device, such as an integrated circuit product such as a system chip or a communication chip. The interface circuit may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit on the chip or the chip system. The processing circuit may be a logic circuit on the chip.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1A is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG1B is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of another communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a possible flow chart of a method for determining channel information provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3A is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3B is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of another communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a possible flow chart of another method for determining channel information provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG5A is a possible example of a signal received by a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG5B is a possible example of a signal received by a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG7 is a possible structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG8 is a possible structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are explained below.

(1) Reference signal

The reference signal in the embodiment of the present application includes an uplink reference signal and a downlink reference signal. An uplink reference signal refers to a signal sent by a terminal device, such as a signal sent by a terminal device to a network device via an uplink. A downlink reference signal refers to a signal sent by a network device, such as a signal sent by a network device to a terminal device via a downlink.

In the embodiments of the present application, the reference signal may include (or be) a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI) reference signal (RS), a synchronization signal block (SSB), a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block (SS/PBCH block), or a tracking reference signal (TRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), a cell reference signal (CRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), etc.

(2) Resources.

The resources in the embodiments of the present application may include time domain resources and/or frequency domain resources.

Time domain resources may include at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot, or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. A time unit may include a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot, or an OFDM symbol. A time unit may also include resources composed of multiple radio frames, multiple subframes, multiple slots, multiple mini slots, or multiple OFDM symbols. Among them, a radio frame may include multiple subframes, a subframe may include one or more slots, and a slot may include at least one symbol. Alternatively, a radio frame may include multiple slots, and a slot may include at least one symbol. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, an OFDM symbol may also be referred to as a symbol.

Frequency domain resources may include at least one of a resource element (RE), a resource block (RB), a channel, a sub-channel, a carrier, or a bandwidth part (BWP). A frequency domain unit may include an RE, an RB, a channel, a sub-channel, a carrier, or a bandwidth part (BWP), etc. A frequency domain unit may also include resources composed of multiple REs or multiple RBs or multiple sub-channels or multiple carriers or multiple BWPs. In an embodiment of the present application, a channel may be equivalently replaced by a resource block set (RB set), and the frequency domain bandwidth of an RB set may be 20 megahertz (MHz).

The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: ground communication system, NTN communication system, such as satellite communication system. Among them, the satellite communication system can be integrated with the mobile communication system. For example: the mobile communication system can be a fourth generation (4th Generation, 4G) communication system (for example, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system), a world-wide interoperability for microwave access (worldwide interoperability for microwave access, WiMAX) communication system, a fifth generation (5th Generation, 5G) communication system (for example, a new wireless (new radio, NR) system), and future mobile communication systems. The mobile communication system can also be a vehicle to everything (V2X) system and an Internet of Things (IoT) system.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B exemplarily illustrate schematic diagrams of network architectures of several communication systems applicable to embodiments of the present application. The communication system may include satellites, network devices, and terminal devices, etc. The communication system may also include gateways and core network devices. FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B exemplarily illustrate the converged network architecture of NTN and terrestrial networks. The following is an introduction in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

(1) Satellite.

The satellite may be a highly elliptical orbiting (HEO) satellite, a GEO satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, and a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the working mode of the satellite. For example, the working mode of the satellite may be a transparent mode or a regenerative mode. FIG. 1A illustrates the working mode of the satellite as a transparent mode, and FIG. 1B illustrates the working mode of the satellite as a regenerative mode.

When the satellite works in transparent mode, the satellite has the function of transparent forwarding of relay. The gateway has the functions of a network device (such as a base station) or part of the functions of a network device (such as a base station). In this case, the gateway can be regarded as a network device (such as a base station). Alternatively, the network device (such as a base station) can be deployed separately from the gateway, then the delay of the feeder link includes the delay from the satellite to the gateway and the delay from the gateway to the gNB. The transparent mode discussed later takes the case where the gateway and the gNB are together or close to each other as an example. For the case where the gateway and the gNB are far apart, the delay of the feeder link is the sum of the delay from the satellite to the gateway and the delay from the gateway to the gNB.

When the satellite operates in regenerative mode, it has data processing capabilities, the functions of a network device (such as a base station) or partial functions of a network device (such as a base station). At this time, the satellite can be regarded as a network device (such as a base station).

Satellites can communicate wirelessly with terminals by broadcasting communication signals and navigation signals. Optionally, each satellite can provide communication services, navigation services, and positioning services to terminal devices through multiple beams. For example, each satellite uses multiple beams to cover the service area, and the relationship between different beams can be one or more of time division, frequency division, and space division.

(2) Gateway.

A gateway (also called a ground station, earth station, gateway station, or gateway station) can be used to connect satellites and ground network devices (such as ground base stations). One or more satellites can be connected to one or more ground network devices (such as ground base stations) through one or more gateways, without limitation.

The link between the satellite and the terminal is called the service link, and the link between the satellite and the gateway is called the feeder link. Network equipment can be deployed separately from the gateway, so the delay of the feeder link can include the delay from the satellite to the gateway and the delay from the gateway to the network equipment.

(3) Network equipment.

The network devices in the embodiments of the present application may include network devices deployed on satellites (such as satellite base stations), may include network devices deployed on gateways, and may include network devices deployed on the ground (such as ground base stations).

The network device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a radio access network (RAN) node. The RAN may be an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) system, an NR system, and a future radio access system defined in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). The RAN may also include two or more of the above-mentioned different radio access systems. The RAN may also be an open RAN (O-RAN).

RAN nodes, also known as radio access network equipment, RAN entities or access nodes, are used to help terminals access the communication system wirelessly. In an application scenario, RAN nodes can be base stations (base stations), evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), next generation NodeBs (gNBs) in the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, and base stations in future mobile communication systems. RAN nodes can be macro base stations, micro base stations or indoor stations, and can also be relay nodes or donor nodes.

In another application scenario, the cooperation of multiple RAN nodes can help the terminal achieve wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU) or a radio unit (RU). The CU here completes the functions of the radio resource control protocol and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) of the base station, and can also complete the function of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP); the DU completes the functions of the radio link control layer and the medium access control (MAC) layer of the base station, and can also complete the functions of part or all of the physical layer. For the specific description of the above-mentioned protocol layers, please refer to the relevant technical specifications of 3GPP. RU can be used to implement the transceiver function of the radio frequency signal. CU and DU can be two independent RAN nodes, or they can be integrated in the same RAN node, such as integrated in the baseband unit (BBU). The RU may be included in a radio frequency device, such as a remote radio unit (RRU) or an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU may be further divided into two types of RAN nodes: CU-control plane and CU-user plane.

In different systems, RAN nodes may have different names. For example, in an O-RAN system, CU may be called an open CU (open CU, O-CU), DU may be called an open DU (open DU, O-DU), and RU may be called an open RU (open RU, O-RU). The RAN node in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. For example, the RAN node may be a server loaded with a corresponding software module. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the RAN node. For ease of description, the following description takes a base station as an example of a RAN node.

(4) Core network equipment (core network, CN).

Core network equipment is a device that is installed on the ground and can communicate with NTN equipment in the NTN system. CN equipment is a network element contained in the CN part of the mobile communication system. CN equipment can connect terminal equipment to different data networks, and perform authentication, billing, mobility management, session management, policy control, user plane forwarding and other services. CN equipment can be a CN device in a current mobile communication system (such as a ^5th generation (5G) mobile communication system), or it can be a CN device in a future mobile communication system. In mobile communication systems of different standards, the names of CN devices with the same functions may be different. However, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific names of CN devices with each function.

For example, in the ^4th generation (4G) mobile communication system (i.e., long term evolution (LTE), the network element responsible for access control, security control, and signaling coordination is the mobility management entity (MME); the network element serving as the local mobility management anchor is the serving gateway (S-GW); the network element serving as the anchor for switching of the external data network and responsible for Internet protocol (IP) address allocation is the packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW); the network element storing user-related data and subscription data is the home subscriber server (HSS); the network element responsible for policy and charging functions is called the policy and charging rule function (PCRF) network element.

For another example, in a 5G mobile communication system, according to the specific logical functions, the core network can be divided into a control plane (CP) and a user plane (UP). Among them, the network elements responsible for the control plane function in the CN can be collectively referred to as control plane network elements, and the network elements responsible for the user plane function can be collectively referred to as user plane network elements. Specifically, in the user plane, the network element that serves as the interface of the data network and is responsible for functions such as user plane data forwarding is a user plane function (UPF) network element. In the control plane, the network element responsible for access control and mobility management functions is called access and mobility management function (AMF) network element; the network element responsible for session management and execution of control policies is called session management function (SMF) network element; the network element responsible for managing contract data, user access authorization and other functions is called unified data management (UDM) network element; the network element responsible for billing and policy control functions is called policy control function (PCF) network element; the application function (AF) network element is responsible for transmitting the requirements of the application side to the network side.

(5)Terminal.

A terminal is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can send signals to a base station or receive signals from a base station. A terminal can also be called a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, automatic driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, etc. A terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a wearable device, a vehicle, an airplane, a ship, a robot, a mechanical arm, a smart home device, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal.

The embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to other communication system architectures, such as an air-to-ground (ATG) communication system, which includes at least one network device and at least one high-altitude terminal. The high-altitude terminal includes, for example, a high-altitude aircraft and an onboard terminal. The satellites in the above-mentioned Figures 1A and 1B may also be replaced by other relay devices, such as other NTN devices such as a high altitude platform station (HAPS). The communication system shown in Figure 1A or 1B is an example and does not limit the communication system to which the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is applicable.

Based on the contents shown in Figures 1A and 1B and the above-mentioned other contents, Figure 2 exemplarily shows a possible flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication method provided in the present application may also be referred to as a method for determining channel information, for example. For ease of understanding, the interaction between a terminal device, a network device, and a satellite device is introduced as an example in Figure 2. Any one of the N satellite devices in the embodiment of the present application may be a satellite in Figure 1A or Figure 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside a satellite. The terminal device may be a terminal in Figure 1A or Figure 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside a terminal. The network device may be a network device in Figure 1A or Figure 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside a network device.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the method includes step 201 and step 202 .

The following is an introduction with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Step 201: N satellite devices send signals.

Correspondingly, the terminal device receives signals from N satellite devices, where N is a positive integer.

For any one of the N satellite devices, the satellite device can operate in a transparent transmission mode or a regeneration mode. The signal sent by the satellite device may be generated by the satellite device, or the satellite device may receive a signal from the network device and send the signal (such as forwarding the signal or sending the signal after some processing) to the terminal device. In the embodiment of the present application, the network device can be integrated with the satellite device in the same device or deployed in different devices. For example, the network device and the satellite device are both deployed in (or are both) satellite base stations, in which case it can also be understood that the satellite device operates in a regeneration mode. For another example, the network device may also belong to two devices with the satellite device, in which case it can also be understood that the satellite device operates in a transparent transmission mode. The working modes of any two satellite devices among the N satellite devices may be the same or different. The network device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the network device in Figure 1A or Figure 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside a network device (such as an access network device).

Step 202: For a satellite device among the N satellite devices, the terminal device determines channel information between the satellite device and the terminal device according to part or all of the signal sent by the satellite device.

For example, the N satellite devices may include the first satellite device. The above step 201 may include: the terminal device receives K1 first signals from the first satellite device. The above step 202 may include: the terminal device determines the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on part or all of the K1 first signals. In a possible implementation, K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value. When K1 is greater than 2, the phase offset value between at least two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, or the phase offset value between every two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value. The first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device.

Since the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the influence of the frequency offset of the signal on the accuracy of channel estimation by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

For example, the phase of some or all of the K1 first signals can be adjusted so that when channel estimation is performed based on some or all of the K1 first signals, the interference in the channel estimation formula can be reduced or eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel estimation, and then improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through the channel estimation. The subsequent content will analyze in detail why the interference is reduced or eliminated in the calculation formula of the channel estimation through formulas, which will not be introduced here.

N in the embodiment of the present application may be an integer greater than 1. For example, N may be 2 or greater than 2. The N satellite devices may be a first satellite device and a second satellite device. Or the N satellite devices may include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (such as a third satellite device). The above step 201 may also include: the terminal device receives K2 second signals from the second satellite device. The above step 202 may also include: the terminal device determines the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device based on part or all of the K2 second signals.

In an embodiment of the present application, the time domain resources corresponding to the signals of N satellite devices when they arrive at the terminal device may at least partially overlap, and the frequency domain resources may at least partially overlap. For example, when the signal sent by each of the N satellite devices arrives at the terminal device, the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signal include the first time-frequency resources. It can also be understood that the first time-frequency resources are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signal sent by each of the N satellite devices when it arrives at the terminal device. For each of the N satellite devices, when the signal transmitted by the satellite device arrives at the terminal device, the frequency domain resources of the signal may be sent with an offset, and the time domain resources may also be sent with an offset. Therefore, the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signal when it arrives at the terminal device may not completely overlap with the time-frequency resources occupied by the signal at the transmitting end, and may partially overlap or not overlap.

Since the distance between the satellite device and the ground is relatively long, and the satellite device is always in a high-speed moving state, the time delay difference between the signals sent by different satellite devices and the terminal device may far exceed the cyclic prefix (CP), and the Doppler frequency shift difference between the signals sent by different satellite devices and the terminal device may be at the same order of magnitude as the subcarrier spacing, which may cause inter-symbol interference (ISI) in the time domain and inter-carrier interference (ICI) in the frequency domain when the signals sent by different satellite devices reach the terminal device. Then, when the terminal device obtains the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the signal from the first satellite device, since the signals sent by other satellite devices interfere with the signals of the first satellite device (such as ISI and/or ICI), the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device obtained by the terminal device may be inaccurate, which may lead to poor anti-interference ability of the signal transmission between the first satellite device and the terminal device, and then lead to a decrease in system throughput performance.

Based on the above problems, the embodiments of the present application can provide some solutions for improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained by the terminal device. For example, in the embodiment provided in FIG. 2 , the phase of the signal sent by the satellite device is adjustable. The embodiments of the present application can adjust the phase of the signal sent by at least one satellite device (such as the first satellite device) to improve the accuracy of the channel information obtained by the terminal device.

In another possible implementation, the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the first satellite device is also adjustable. In the embodiment of the present application, the time domain resource occupied by a signal is referred to as a time unit. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by at least one satellite device (such as the first satellite device) can be adjusted, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information acquired by the terminal device. In the embodiment of the present application, adjusting the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the satellite device can also be replaced by: adjusting the number of signals sent by the satellite device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the phase of the signal sent by the satellite device and the number of time units occupied by the signal can both be adjusted, or at least one of them can be adjusted.

3A and 3B exemplarily illustrate schematic diagrams of several communication scenarios applicable to embodiments of the present application. In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device can communicate with N satellite devices, and the terminal device can determine the channel information between at least one of the N satellite devices and the terminal device. In FIG3A, the N satellite devices are taken as the first satellite device and the second satellite device for example for communication, and in FIG3B, the N satellite devices are taken as the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device for example for communication. FIG3A and FIG3B are only several possible examples. In actual applications, in FIG3A and FIG3B, the terminal device may also communicate with more other satellite devices or other devices, which are not shown in the figure. The satellite devices shown in FIG3A and FIG3B (such as the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device in FIG3B) can be the satellite in FIG1A or FIG1B or the chip (or chip system) inside the satellite.

Based on the application scenarios shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 2, 3A and 3B, Figure 4 exemplarily shows a possible flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a method for determining channel information. Figure 4 can be regarded as a possible implementation of the embodiment provided in Figure 2, and the content of this embodiment can refer to the example provided in Figure 3A or 3B. The relevant content of the network device, N satellite devices and terminal devices involved in Figure 4 can be referred to the description of Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, an example is given in which N satellite devices include at least a first satellite device and a second satellite device.

In a possible implementation, when the embodiment of the present application is applied to a non-coherent joint transmission scenario, one of the N satellite devices may be a primary satellite device, and the other satellite devices may be secondary satellite devices. The primary satellite device may establish an RRC connection with the terminal device, and the secondary satellite device may cooperate with the primary satellite device to provide services for the terminal device. For example, the first satellite device may be regarded as the primary satellite device, and the other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) may be regarded as secondary satellite devices. Alternatively, the second satellite device may be regarded as the primary satellite device, and the other satellite devices (such as the first satellite device) may be regarded as secondary satellite devices.

As shown in Fig. 4, the method includes step 401, step 402, step 403 and step 404. The method will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Step 401: The terminal device sends first information.

Correspondingly, the first satellite device receives the first information.

The first information is used to determine the difference in signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the first satellite device and the terminal device respectively.

In the calculation formula of the difference in signal transmission delays between any two satellite devices and the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, the difference in signal transmission delays between any one of the two satellite devices and the terminal device can be a subtrahend or a minuend. In the embodiment of the present application, the difference in signal transmission delays between the second satellite device and the first satellite device and the terminal device can be, for example, the difference obtained by subtracting the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device from the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device, or the difference obtained by subtracting the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device from the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device, or the absolute value of the difference in signal transmission delays between the second satellite device and the first satellite device and the terminal device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the signal transmission delay between a satellite device (such as the first satellite device or the second satellite device) and the terminal device may include: the time required for the signal to be transmitted from the satellite device to the terminal device.

The content included in the first information may be in various situations, which are respectively introduced in Implementation A1 and Implementation A2 below. In Implementation A1, the terminal device may determine the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device respectively, and feed back the two signal transmission delays or the difference between the two signal transmission delays to the first satellite device. In Implementation A2, the terminal device may send the location information of the terminal device to the first satellite device so that the first satellite device calculates the difference between the two signal transmission delays.

In implementation A1, the first information includes information indicating a difference in signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device, respectively.

In implementation A1, the terminal device may calculate the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device, and calculate the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device. The first information may include information about the two signal transmission delays, or the first information includes information about the difference between the two signal transmission delays. If the first information received by the first satellite device includes information about the two signal transmission delays, the difference between the two signal transmission delays may be further calculated. If the first information received by the first satellite device includes information about the difference between the two signal transmission delays, the difference between the two signal transmission delays may be determined from the first information.

In implementation A1, the terminal device may have multiple implementations to calculate the signal transmission delay between a satellite device (such as a first satellite device or a second satellite device) and the terminal device. For example, the first satellite device may send a signal (such as a synchronization signal block (SSB)), and the terminal device measures the SSB from the first satellite device to obtain the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device. For another example, the second satellite device may send a signal (such as an SSB), and the terminal device measures the SSB from the second satellite device to obtain the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device.

In implementation A1, the above example is introduced by taking the first satellite device and the second satellite device among N satellite devices as examples. In practical applications, the N satellite devices may also include other satellite devices, such as a third satellite device. In this case, the first information may include information for indicating T0 signal transmission delay differences, where T0 is a positive integer, and T0 may be 1 or greater than 1. Any one of the T0 signal transmission delay differences may include information on the difference in signal transmission delays between two satellite devices (such as the first satellite device and the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices and the terminal device, respectively. In a possible implementation, the N satellite devices may correspond to at most (N*(N-1)/2) signal transmission delay differences, where * represents multiplication, / represents division, and T0 is not greater than (N*(N-1)/2). For any one of the T0 signal transmission delay differences, the information for indicating the signal transmission delay difference may include information on the signal transmission delay difference, or include two signal transmission delays for calculating the signal transmission delay difference. For related schemes, please refer to the related descriptions of the first satellite device and the second satellite device mentioned above, and no further description is given. The way in which the terminal device obtains the difference in signal transmission delay between two satellite devices among N satellite devices and the terminal device can refer to the aforementioned solution in which the terminal device determines the difference in signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device, and will not be repeated here.

In implementation A2, the first information includes location information of the terminal device.

In implementation A2, the terminal device may obtain the location information of the terminal device in some manner, such as obtaining the location information of the terminal device through a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). For another example, the terminal device may obtain the location information of the terminal device through some solutions for positioning the terminal device.

After the first satellite device acquires the location information of the terminal device, the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device can be determined based on the ephemeris information of the first satellite device and the location information of the terminal device. Further, the first satellite device can also determine the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device based on the ephemeris information of the second satellite device and the location information of the terminal device. Afterwards, the first satellite device can use the difference between the two signal transmission delays as the difference between the signal transmission delays between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device, respectively.

In implementation A2, when N satellite devices communicate with a terminal device, and the N satellite devices include other satellite devices (such as a third satellite device) in addition to the first satellite device and the second satellite device, the first satellite device can also calculate more signal transmission delay differences. For example, the first satellite device can calculate T0 signal transmission delay differences. For the relevant content of T0 signal transmission delay differences, please refer to the description in implementation A1, which will not be repeated here. For any one of the T0 signal transmission delay differences, the scheme for the first satellite device to calculate the signal transmission delay difference based on the location information of the terminal device can refer to the aforementioned scheme for the first satellite device to determine the difference in signal transmission delays between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device, which will not be repeated here.

In step 402, the first satellite device determines the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite device.

Step 402 may be replaced by: the first satellite device determines the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the first satellite device and/or the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the second satellite device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the time domain resource occupied by a signal is referred to as a time unit. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent can also be replaced by: the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent, and the two are equal. The concept of a time unit is described above and will not be repeated. For ease of understanding, some contents in the embodiment of the present application are introduced by taking a time unit as a symbol as an example. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent determined by the first satellite device is represented as K1, K1 is a positive integer, and step 402 can also be understood as: the first satellite device determines the value of K1.

In a possible implementation, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the first satellite device may be associated with the first time difference. The number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the second satellite device may be associated with the first time difference. Alternatively, it may be understood that K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device on K1 time units, K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device on K2 time units, and the value of K2 and/or the value of K1 are associated with the first time difference. There may or may not be an offset value between the K1 time units and the K2 time units, for example, the K1 time units are symbol #0, symbol #1, and symbol #2 of time slot #1, the K2 time units may be symbol #0, symbol #1, and symbol #2 of time slot #1, or the K2 time units may be symbol #1, symbol #2, and symbol #3 of time slot #1.

In a possible implementation, the K1 time units may be K1 time units that are continuous in the time domain, and the K2 time units may be K2 time units that are continuous in the time domain. Alternatively, it may be described as that, for a satellite device among the N satellite devices, the time units occupied by multiple signals (such as signals that can be used for channel estimation) sent by the satellite device are continuous.

The first time difference is determined according to the difference between the times at which the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device.

Two possible implementations are described below by way of example 1 and example 2.

In example 1, the N satellite devices may be the first satellite device and the second satellite device, or the N satellite devices may include the first satellite device, the second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (such as the third satellite device). The first time difference is the difference between the time when the signals to be sent from any two satellite devices in the N satellite devices arrive at the terminal device. For example, the first time difference is the difference between the time when K1 first signals from the first satellite device and K2 second signals from the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device.

Example 2: N satellite devices may include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (such as a third satellite device). The N satellite devices correspond to multiple third time differences, and any third time difference among the multiple third time differences is the difference between the time when the signals to be sent from any two satellite devices among the N satellite devices arrive at the terminal device respectively. The first time difference may be one of the multiple third time differences, for example, it may be the maximum value among the multiple third time differences. For example, the difference between the time when K1 first signals of the first satellite device and K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device respectively is the maximum value among these third time differences, then the first time difference is the difference between the time when K1 first signals of the first satellite device and K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device respectively.

The following is an example of the first time difference being the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device. In one possible implementation, the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device can be determined based on the signal transmission delay between the two satellite devices and the terminal device. Two possible implementations are exemplarily introduced below through Example 1 and Example 2.

Example 1: The signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device is signal transmission delay #1, and the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device is signal transmission delay #2. If K1 time units and K2 time units are completely overlapped in the time domain, for example, K1 time units are symbol #2, symbol #3 and symbol #4 in time slot #1, and K2 time units are symbol #2, symbol #3 and symbol #4 in time slot #1, the first time difference corresponding to the first satellite device and the second satellite device is the signal transmission delay difference between the two satellite devices and the terminal device respectively, for example, the first time difference is the difference between signal transmission delay #1 and signal transmission delay #2.

Example 2: K1 time units and K2 time units are not completely overlapping in the time domain. In this case, the first time difference corresponding to the first satellite device and the second satellite device can also be calculated based on the signal transmission delay difference between the two satellite devices and the terminal device respectively. For example, K1 time units are symbol #1, symbol #2 and symbol #3 in time slot #1, and K2 time units are symbol #2, symbol #3 and symbol #4 in time slot #1. The first time difference corresponding to the first satellite device and the second satellite device is the signal transmission delay difference between the two satellite devices and the terminal device respectively plus the duration occupied by one symbol. For example, the first time difference is the difference between signal transmission delay #1 and signal transmission delay #2 plus the duration occupied by one symbol.

In the following, the first time difference is taken as the difference between the time when K1 first signals of the first satellite device and K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device, and the scheme of the number of time units occupied by the to-be-sent signal determined by the first satellite device is exemplified by implementation mode B1 and implementation mode B2. In the embodiment of the present application, the K1 time unit may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap with the K2 time unit.

In implementation B1, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the CP: K1 is equal to or greater than N. N is the number of satellite devices. K1 is the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the first satellite device, or is the number of signals to be sent by the first satellite device.

In a possible implementation, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of CP occupation, the first satellite device may also determine that K2 is equal to or greater than N. In another possible implementation, the first satellite device may determine that the values of K1 and K2 are equal.

For example, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the CP: when N is 2 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device and the second satellite device), the value of K1 is 2; when N is 3 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device), the value of K1 is 3.

In implementation mode B2, when the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1).

In one possible implementation, the first satellite device determines that K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1) when the first time difference is greater than the duration of CP occupancy and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. In another possible implementation, the first satellite device may determine that the values of K1 and K2 are equal.

For example, when the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP, and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: when N is 2 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device and the second satellite device), the value of K1 is 3; when N is 3 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device), the value of K1 is 4.

In another possible implementation, the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device is greater than the duration of one time unit. In this case, the first satellite device may adjust the sending time of the signal to be sent by the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device, and/or adjust the time unit occupied by the signal to be sent by the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device, so that the difference between the time when the adjusted K1 first signals and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. Afterwards, the first satellite device may use the difference between the time when the adjusted K1 first signals and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device as the first time difference, and then determine the value of K1 and/or the value of K2 according to the first time difference (the relevant scheme can be referred to the aforementioned implementation B1 and implementation B2, which will not be repeated).

The following describes two schemes for adjusting the time when K1 first signals and K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device respectively by way of example through Implementation C1 and Implementation C2. In Implementation C1, the first satellite device may adjust the time unit occupied by the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device. In Implementation C2, the first satellite device may adjust the sending time of the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device. Implementation C1 and Implementation C2 may be used in combination, for example, the first satellite device may adjust the sending time of the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device, and adjust the time unit occupied by the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device.

In implementation C1, the first satellite device adjusts the indexes of time units occupied by K1 first signals and/or K2 second signals.

In an embodiment of the present application, the first satellite device can determine the time unit originally occupied by K1 first signals according to the configuration information, and determine the time unit originally occupied by K2 second signals according to the configuration information. The first satellite device can adjust the index of the time unit occupied by K1 first signals and/or K2 second signals (for example, the index of the time unit occupied by K1 first signals can be advanced or delayed, and/or the index of the time unit occupied by K2 second signals can be advanced or delayed). After the adjustment, the first time unit of the K1 time unit and the first time unit of the K2 time unit include an offset (the offset can be expressed as offset in English). The offset is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signal of the first satellite device and the K2 second signal of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device respectively less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. Alternatively, the offset is used to make the terminal device receive the K1 first signal and the K2 second signal on the same time-frequency resource when the K1 first signal of the first satellite device and the K2 second signal of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device.

For example, K1 time units are originally symbols #2, #3 and #4 in time slot #1, and K2 time units are originally symbols #2, #3 and #4 in time slot #1. For example, if the offset is two symbols, the first satellite device may determine that the index of K1 time units and/or the index of K2 time units need to be adjusted. For example, K1 time units are adjusted to symbols #0, #1 and #2 in time slot #1. Alternatively, K1 time units are adjusted to symbols #4, #5 and #6 in time slot #1. Alternatively, K1 time units are adjusted to symbols #1, #2 and #3 in time slot #1, and K2 time units are adjusted to symbols #3, #4 and #5 in time slot #1. Alternatively, K2 time units are adjusted to symbols #0, #1 and #2 in time slot #1. Alternatively, K2 time units are adjusted to symbol #4, symbol #5 and symbol #6 in time slot #1.

In implementation C1, the adjusted K1 time units may partially overlap with the adjusted K2 time units, or may not overlap. Alternatively, the adjusted K1 time units may partially overlap with the unadjusted K2 time units, or may not overlap. Alternatively, the unadjusted K1 time units may partially overlap with the adjusted K2 time units, or may not overlap.

In implementation C1, in a possible implementation, the first satellite device may send information indicating an offset to the terminal device, so that the terminal device receives a signal from the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device at a correct time domain resource position.

In implementation C2, the first satellite device may adjust the transmission time of K1 first signals and/or K2 second signals.

In implementation C2, the first satellite device may adjust the transmission time of K1 first signals and/or K2 second signals (for example, the start transmission time of K1 first signals may be advanced or delayed, and/or the start transmission time of K2 second signals may be advanced or delayed). After the adjustment, the difference between the start transmission time of K1 time units and the start transmission time of K2 time units is the second time difference. The second time difference is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. Alternatively, the second time difference is used to make the terminal device receive the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals on the same time-frequency resources when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device.

For example, K1 time units are originally symbols #2, #3 and #4 in time slot #1, and K2 time units are originally symbols #2, #3 and #4 in time slot #1. The original start transmission time of K1 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is the same as the start transmission time of K1 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1), and the first satellite device can adjust one or both of them. For example, the first satellite device can determine that the start transmission time of K1 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is advanced or delayed by 5 milliseconds. Alternatively, the first satellite device can determine that the start transmission time of K2 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is advanced or delayed by 5 milliseconds. Alternatively, the first satellite device may determine the start sending time of K1 time units (the sending time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) to be advanced by 2 milliseconds, and the first satellite device may determine the start sending time of K2 time units (the sending time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) to be delayed by 3 milliseconds.

In implementation C2, the K1 time units occupied by the K1 first signals may completely overlap with the K2 time units occupied by the K2 second signals. For example, the index of the first time unit among the K1 time units occupied by the K1 first signals (such as symbol #2 of time slot #1) may be the same as the index of the first time unit among the K2 time units occupied by the K2 second signals (such as symbol #2 of time slot #1). In implementation B1.4, the K1 time units occupied by the K1 first signals may partially overlap with the K2 time units occupied by the K2 second signals, or may not overlap.

In implementation C2, the first satellite device adjusting the transmission time of K1 first signals may include adjusting the start transmission time of the K1 first signals, or adjusting the stop transmission time of the K1 first signals, or adjusting a specified time in the transmission process of the K1 first signals. In the above example, adjusting the start transmission time is used as an example for introduction. In implementation C2, the first satellite device adjusting the transmission time of K2 second signals may include adjusting the start transmission time of the K2 second signals, or adjusting the stop transmission time of the K2 second signals, or adjusting a specified time in the transmission process of the K2 second signals. In the above example, adjusting the start transmission time is used as an example for introduction.

In implementation C2, in a possible implementation, the first satellite device may send information indicating the second time difference to the terminal device, so that the terminal device receives signals from the first satellite device and/or the second satellite device at a correct time domain resource location.

In one possible implementation, when the first time difference is equal to the duration of CP occupancy, the implementation B2 may also be adopted, for example, K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1). In another possible implementation, when the first time difference is equal to the duration of a time unit, the solution of implementation B2 may not be implemented, but the implementation is implemented according to the implementation in which the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device is greater than the duration of a time unit.

In step 402, in the embodiment of the present application, the N satellite devices may be the first satellite device and the second satellite device, or the N satellite devices may include the first satellite device, the second satellite device and at least one other satellite device (such as the third satellite device). The number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by any satellite device among the N satellite devices may be determined by the satellite device itself, or by other satellite devices. The number of time units occupied by the signals to be sent by all satellite devices among the N satellite devices may be determined by one satellite device, or by multiple satellite devices.

For example, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the first satellite device and the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the second satellite device may both be determined by the first satellite device or both be determined by the second satellite device. Alternatively, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the first satellite device is determined by the second satellite device, and the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the second satellite device is determined by the second satellite device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first satellite device determines the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the first satellite device and the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the second satellite device as an example. When these information need to be executed by other satellite devices, such as when executed by the second satellite device, the second satellite device determines the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the second satellite device and/or the number of time units occupied by the signal to be sent by the second satellite device in a similar manner, and in this scheme, the second satellite device can also obtain the first information, such as receiving the first information from the terminal device (in this case, the first satellite device can receive the first information or does not need to receive the first information, that is, step 401 can be executed or not executed), or receiving the first information from the first satellite device.

Step 403: The first satellite device sends first indication information.

Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first indication information.

The first indication information is used to indicate information of K1 time units.

The first satellite device may determine K1 time units based on the determined number of K1 time units and the time-frequency resources of the signal configuration. The first indication information may include resource identifiers and/or resource set identifiers of the K1 time units.

In another possible implementation, the first indication information is further used to indicate information about time units occupied by signals to be sent from other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices. The information used to indicate time units occupied by signals to be sent from other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices may be determined by the first satellite device (see the solution in step 402 where the first satellite device determines the number of K2 time units), or may be sent by other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) to the first satellite device (for example, the second satellite device may determine K2 time units by itself, and the relevant solution may refer to the solution in which the first satellite device determines K1 time units, which will not be described in detail).

Taking the other satellite devices including the second satellite device as an example, the first indication information is also used to indicate the information of the K2 time units occupied by the signals to be sent by the second satellite device (i.e., K2 second signals). For example, the first indication information may include resource identifiers and/or resource set identifiers of the K2 time units. Alternatively, the first indication information may include an offset between the K2 time units and the K1 time unit, such as the offset between the first time unit of the K2 time units and the first time unit of the K1 time units. In this way, the terminal device can determine the K2 time units based on the information used to indicate the K1 time units and the offset. This scheme can save the number of bits occupied by the information used to indicate the K2 time units.

In another possible implementation, there is no offset between the K2 time units and the K1 time unit, such as complete overlap. In this case, the terminal device can determine the K2 time unit based on the information used to indicate the K1 time unit. In this solution, it can also be understood that the information used to indicate the K1 time unit is also: the information used to indicate the K2 time unit.

In another possible implementation, step 403 may not be performed. The terminal device may calculate the content indicated by the first indication information by itself, such as calculating the number of K1 time units based on the first information. For related solutions, please refer to the introduction of the first satellite device calculating the content indicated by the first indication information based on the first information, which will not be described in detail. In another possible implementation, in this implementation, the terminal device may receive an instruction from the first satellite device, which instructs the terminal device to calculate the content indicated by the first indication information by itself.

Step 404: The terminal device sends second information.

Correspondingly, the first satellite device receives the second information.

The second information is used to determine the difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device. For ease of description, the difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device can also be replaced by: the frequency difference corresponding to the first satellite device and the second satellite device; or, it can also be replaced by: the first frequency difference.

In the calculation formula of the difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signals of any two satellite devices are respectively transmitted to the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of any one of the two satellite devices is transmitted to the terminal device can be a subtrahend or a minuend. For example, the difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device can be, for example, the difference obtained by subtracting the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device from the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, or the difference obtained by subtracting the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device from the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, or the absolute value of the difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device.

The second information may include a variety of contents, which are described below in Implementation D1 and Implementation D2. In Implementation D1, the terminal device may determine the first frequency difference and feed it back to the first satellite device. In Implementation D2, the terminal device may send the location information of the terminal device to the first satellite device so that the first satellite device calculates the first frequency difference.

In implementation mode D1, the second information includes information for indicating the first frequency difference.

In implementation D1, the terminal device may calculate the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, and calculate the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The second information may include information on the values of the two frequency offsets, or the second information includes information on the difference between the values of the two frequency offsets. If the second information received by the first satellite device includes information on the values of the two frequency offsets, the difference between the values of the two frequency offsets may be further calculated. If the second information received by the first satellite device includes information on the first frequency difference, the difference between the values of the two frequency offsets may be determined from the second information.

In implementation D1, the terminal device may have multiple implementations to calculate the value of the frequency offset that occurs when a signal from a satellite device (such as a first satellite device or a second satellite device) is transmitted to the terminal device. For example, the first satellite device may send a signal (such as a synchronization signal block (SSB)), and the terminal device measures the SSB from the first satellite device to obtain the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal is transmitted to the terminal device. For another example, the second satellite device may send a signal (such as an SSB), and the terminal device measures the SSB from the second satellite device to obtain the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal from the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The reason why a signal from a satellite device is at a frequency offset when it arrives at the terminal device may include, for example, the Doppler effect. Since the satellite device is usually in a mobile state, and the distance between the satellite device and the terminal device is far, based on the Doppler effect, a signal from a satellite device may experience a frequency offset when it arrives at the terminal device.

In implementation D1, the above example of the second information is introduced by taking the first satellite device and the second satellite device among N satellite devices as examples. In practical applications, the N satellite devices may also include other satellite devices, such as a third satellite device. In this case, the second information may include information for indicating T1 frequency differences, where T1 is a positive integer, and T1 may be 1 or greater than 1. Any one of the T1 frequency differences may include the difference in frequency offsets that occur when signals of two satellite devices among the N satellite devices (such as the first satellite device and the second satellite device; or the second satellite device and the third satellite device) are respectively transmitted to the terminal device. The scheme for determining the frequency difference between any two satellite devices can refer to the description of the frequency difference between the first satellite device and the second satellite device, and will not be repeated here.

In implementation D2, the second information includes location information of the terminal device.

In implementation D2, the terminal device may obtain the location information of the terminal device in some manners, which may refer to the aforementioned implementation A2.

After the first satellite device obtains the location information of the terminal device, the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device can be determined based on the ephemeris information of the first satellite device and the location information of the terminal device. Furthermore, the first satellite device can also determine the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device based on the ephemeris information of the second satellite device and the location information of the terminal device. Afterwards, the first satellite device can use the difference between the two frequency offset values as the first frequency difference. In this way, the first satellite device can determine the first phase offset value based on the location information of the terminal device. The first phase offset value can also be updated later as the location information of the terminal device is updated. The first phase offset value determined by this scheme can be more reasonable, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In implementation D2, when N satellite devices communicate with the terminal device, and the N satellite devices include other satellite devices (such as a third satellite device) in addition to the first satellite device and the second satellite device, the first satellite device can also calculate more frequency differences. For example, the first satellite device can calculate T1 frequency differences. For the relevant content of the T1 frequency difference, please refer to the description in implementation D1, which will not be repeated. For any of the T1 frequency differences, the scheme for the first satellite device to calculate the frequency difference according to the location information of the terminal device can refer to the aforementioned scheme for the first satellite device to determine the first frequency difference, which will not be repeated.

In another possible implementation, the above step 404 and step 401 may be one step or two steps. The first information and the second information may be carried in the same message or in different messages. The second information and the first information may be the same information, for example, the first information and the second information are both location information of the terminal device. In this case, step 404 and step 401 are actually one step, and neither step 401 nor step 404 is executed.

Step 405 : The first satellite device determines the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite device.

The signals to be sent by the first satellite device are K1 first signals. In one possible implementation, K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value. In one possible implementation, the first phase offset value is adjustable. In this way, the first satellite device can adjust the first phase offset value according to actual needs, and then the first phase offset value can be used to reduce the influence of interference in the channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained by channel estimation.

In a possible implementation, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference. The first satellite device may determine the first phase offset value based on the first frequency difference. Since the signal of the second satellite device may interfere with the signal of the first satellite device, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference, the setting of the first phase offset value may take into account the influence of the frequency offset of the signal of the second satellite device during the transmission process on the signal of the first satellite device, and then the setting of the first phase offset value may be more reasonable, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device may be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

The following is introduced respectively by implementation mode E1 and implementation mode E2. In implementation mode E1, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference. In implementation mode E2, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference and the second phase offset value. The phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals is the second phase offset value.

In implementation E1, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference.

In a possible implementation manner, K1 first signals may be generated based on the same signal sequence, for example, K1 first signals may be generated based on the signal sequence X _DMRS,1 . However, any two of the K1 first signals may be different. The embodiment of the present application takes the signal sent by the first satellite device as DMRS as an example, so the subscript of the signal sequence is DMRS. In other application scenarios, if the signal sent by the first satellite device changes, the various parameters in the embodiment of the present application, the superscripts or subscripts of the various parameters, and other parameters may also change.

For example, K1 time units are three symbols, where the first signal on the first symbol is X _DMRS,1 and the first signal on the second symbol is The first signal on the third symbol is In the present application embodiment * indicates multiplication.

In the embodiment of the present application, _φ1 may also be referred to as the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals, that is, the first phase offset value. In another possible implementation, _φ1 may also be referred to as the time phase factor (TPF) of the first satellite device.

In a possible implementation, φ ₁ may satisfy the following formula (1):

In formula (1), N is the number of N satellite devices, π is a constant, β _D2,1 can be calculated based on the first frequency difference, for example, β _D2,1 can be calculated based on the Doppler effect, β _D2,1 can be the difference in phase offset values when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, and q ₁ can be a positive integer.

In a possible implementation, when the N satellite devices are two satellite devices, q ₁ may be an odd number, such as q ₁ is +1, -1, +3, -3, +5, or -5, etc. For example, in a possible example, φ ₁ =β _D2,1 +π.

In a possible implementation, β _D2,1 in formula (1) may satisfy the following formula (2):

β _D2,1 = 2πf _D2,1 ·T _sym ……Formula (2)

In formula (2), π is a constant, f _D2,1 is the first frequency difference, and T _sym is the duration of a time unit.

In one possible implementation, Wherein, N _c is the number of subcarriers, N _g is the CP length, Δf is the subcarrier spacing, and T _sym may be the duration of a time unit including the CP.

In implementation E2, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference and the second phase offset value.

In an embodiment of the present application, the second phase offset value may be zero or non-zero. In a possible implementation manner, the second phase offset value may also be associated with the first frequency difference. Several possible implementation manners are introduced through the following examples E2.1, E2.2, and E2.3. In example E2.1, φ ₁ and φ ₂ may satisfy a certain relationship. In example E2.2, φ ₁ may be zero. In example E2.3, a situation where more satellite devices are included in the N satellite devices is introduced.

Example E2.1, φ ₁ and φ ₂ can satisfy a certain relationship.

In example E2.1, it can also be understood that the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated. Since the setting of the first phase offset value can take into account the influence of the frequency offset of the signal of the second satellite device during the transmission process on the signal of the first satellite device, the setting of the first phase offset value can be more reasonable, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In a possible implementation, the K2 second signals may be generated based on the same signal sequence, for example, the K2 second signals may be generated based on the signal sequence X _DMRS,2 . However, any two of the K2 second signals may be different. The duration occupied by one of the K1 time units and one of the K2 time units may be equal, for example, both may be one symbol, or two symbols, etc.

For example, K1 time units are three symbols, where the first signal on the first symbol is X _DMRS,1 and the first signal on the second symbol is The first signal on the third symbol is K2 time units are three symbols, where the first signal on the first symbol is X _DMRS,2 and the first signal on the second symbol is The first signal on the third symbol is In the present application embodiment * indicates multiplication.

In the embodiment of the present application, φ ₂ may also be referred to as a phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals, that is, a second phase offset value. In another possible implementation, φ ₂ may also be referred to as a TPF of the second satellite device.

In the embodiment of the present application, φ ₁ and φ ₂ may satisfy the following formula (3):

The meaning of each parameter in formula (3) refers to the relevant description of formula (1) and formula (2), which will not be repeated here. For example, q ₁ can be an odd number. For example, in a possible example, φ ₁ -φ ₂ =β _D2,1 +π.

In the embodiment of the present application, both φ ₁ and φ ₂ may not be zero, or one of them may be zero. For example, the value of φ ₂ is zero. In this case, φ ₁ may satisfy: For related content, please refer to the above description, which is similar and will not be repeated here.

Example E2.2, φ ₁ can be zero.

In a possible implementation manner, in implementation E2, the value of φ ₁ may be zero, or understood as the first phase offset value being zero. In this case, the value of φ ₂ is not zero (or understood as the second phase offset value being not zero). In this case, φ ₂ may satisfy: For related content, please refer to the above description, which is similar and will not be repeated here.

Example E2.3 introduces the situation where the N satellite devices include more satellite devices.

In another possible implementation, the N satellite devices may include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (a third satellite device). In this case, a reference satellite device may be set in the N satellite devices, for example, the reference satellite device is the second satellite device). Then, any satellite device in the N satellite devices except the second satellite device may satisfy the following with the second satellite device:

In formula (4), _φs is the TPF of satellite device s among the (N-1) satellite devices (also referred to as the phase offset value corresponding to satellite device s), _φ2 is the TPF of the second satellite device (also referred to as the second phase offset value), βD2 _,s may be the difference in phase offset values when the signals of the second satellite device and satellite device s are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, βD2 _,s may be calculated based on the frequency difference corresponding to the second satellite device and satellite device s, _qs may be a positive integer, _qs is the value of q corresponding to satellite device s, N is the number of N satellite devices, π is a constant, and the (N-1) satellite devices are the satellite devices among the N satellite devices except the second satellite device.

In formula (4), when the satellite device s is the first satellite device, φ _s is φ ₁ , β _D2,s is β _D2,1 , and q _s is q ₁ . In a possible implementation, each of the (N-1) satellite devices corresponds to a q value, and the (N-1) q values corresponding to the (N-1) satellite devices are (N-1) integers in [1, (N-1)], respectively. For example, when N is 4, the (N-1) q values corresponding to the (N-1) satellite devices are 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The (N-1) satellite devices and the 4 integers can be arbitrarily configured, for example, the q value corresponding to the first satellite device can be 1 or 2.

For example, the N satellite devices include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, a third satellite device, and a fourth satellite device. Then, formula (4) can be respectively written as the following formulas:

In formula (5), formula (6) and formula (7), _φ1 is the TPF of the first satellite device (or the first phase offset value), _φ2 is the TPF of the second satellite device (or the second phase offset value), _φ3 is the TPF of the third satellite device (or the phase offset value corresponding to the third satellite device), _φ4 is the TPF of the fourth satellite device (or the phase offset value corresponding to the fourth satellite device), _βD2,1 may be the difference in phase offset values when the signal of the second satellite device and the signal of the first satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, _βD2,3 may be the difference in phase offset values when the signal of the second satellite device and the signal of the third satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, _βD2,4 may be calculated based on the frequency difference corresponding to the second satellite device and the fourth satellite device. For other parameters, refer to the relevant descriptions of the aforementioned formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4), which will not be repeated here.

In this example, _φ3 is a phase offset value between two third signals adjacent in the time domain among K5 third signals sent by the third satellite device, _{and φ4} is a phase offset value between two fourth signals adjacent in the time domain among K6 fourth signals sent by the fourth satellite device. K5 may be a positive integer, and K5 may be equal to K1. K6 may be a positive integer, and K6 may be equal to K1. The K5 third signals may be generated based on the same signal sequence, for example, the K5 third signals may be generated based on the signal sequence X _DMRS,3 . The K6 fourth signals may be generated based on the same signal sequence, for example, the K6 fourth signals may be generated based on the signal sequence X _DMRS,4 .

In step 405, the phase of the signal to be transmitted of any satellite device among the N satellite devices may be determined by the satellite device itself or by other satellite devices. The phases of the signals to be transmitted of all satellite devices among the N satellite devices may be determined by one satellite device or by multiple satellite devices.

For example, the phase of the signal to be sent by the first satellite device and the phase of the signal to be sent by the second satellite device may both be determined by the first satellite device or both be determined by the second satellite device. Alternatively, the phase of the signal to be sent by the first satellite device is determined by the second satellite device, and the phase of the signal to be sent by the second satellite device is determined by the second satellite device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first satellite device is used to determine the phase of the signal to be sent by the first satellite device and the phase of the signal to be sent by the second satellite device as an example. When these information need to be executed by other satellite devices, such as when executed by the second satellite device, the second satellite device determines the phase of the signal to be sent by the second satellite device and/or the phase of the signal to be sent by the second satellite device. The scheme is similar, and in this scheme, the second satellite device can also obtain the second information, such as receiving the second information from the terminal device (in this case, the first satellite device can receive the second information or does not need to receive the second information, that is, step 404 can be executed or not executed), or receive the second information from the first satellite device.

There is no absolute order between step 405 and step 402. Step 405 may be performed first and then step 402, or these steps may be performed together.

Step 406: The first satellite device sends second indication information.

Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second indication information.

The second indication information is used to indicate the phase information of the signal to be sent by the first satellite device, and/or the second indication information is used to indicate the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals. For example, the second indication information may include information about the first phase offset value of the first satellite device, and based on this information, the terminal device can determine the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals among the K1 first signals. Further, the terminal device can also determine the phase of each first signal. In this scheme, the terminal device can receive information indicating the first phase offset value, and then can better eliminate the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device in the subsequent channel estimation process based on the first phase offset value, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

In another possible implementation manner, the second indication information is further used to indicate information about the phase of a signal to be sent by another satellite device (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices, and/or the second indication information is further used to indicate a phase offset value between two signals adjacent in the time domain among the signals to be sent by another satellite device (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices. Taking the other satellite device including the second satellite device as an example, the second indication information, for example, also includes first phase offset value information of the first satellite device.

The information for indicating the phase of the signal to be sent by other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices (and/or the information for indicating the phase offset value between two adjacent signals in the time domain in the signal to be sent by other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices may be determined by the first satellite device (see the solution of the first satellite device determining φ ₁ in step 405), or may be sent by other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) to the first satellite device (for example, the second satellite device may determine φ ₂ by itself, and the relevant solution may refer to the solution of the first satellite device determining φ ₁ , which will not be described in detail). The information for indicating the phase of the signal to be sent by other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices (and/or the information for indicating the phase offset value between two adjacent signals in the time domain in the signal to be sent by other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) among the N satellite devices may also be sent to the terminal device by a satellite device other than the first satellite device, such as the second satellite device.

In another possible implementation, step 406 may not be performed. The terminal device may calculate the content indicated by the second indication information by itself, such as calculating the first phase offset value and/or the second phase offset value based on the first frequency difference (or based on the second information). For related schemes, please refer to the introduction of the calculation of the content indicated by the second indication information by the first satellite device based on the second information, which will not be described in detail. In another possible implementation, in this implementation, the terminal device may receive an instruction from the first satellite device, which instructs the terminal device to calculate the content indicated by the second indication information by itself.

Step 407: The first satellite device sends K1 first signals.

Correspondingly, the terminal device receives K1 first signals.

Step 407 may also include: the second satellite device sends K2 second signals, and the terminal device receives K2 second signals. Step 407 may also be replaced by: N satellite devices send signals, and the terminal device receives signals from the N satellite devices, where N is equal to 2 or greater than 2. When the signal sent by each satellite device in the N satellite devices arrives at the terminal device, the corresponding time-frequency resources include the first time-frequency resources. For the number of time units and phases occupied by the signals sent by each satellite device in the N satellite devices except the first satellite device and the second satellite device, please refer to the relevant description of the first satellite device and the second satellite device, and no further details will be given.

Step 408: The terminal device determines channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device according to part or all of the K1 first signals.

Step 408 may also include: the terminal device determines the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device according to part or all of the K2 second signals. Step 408 may also be replaced by: for one (or each) satellite device among the N satellite devices, the terminal device determines the channel information between the satellite device and the terminal device according to part or all of the signals received from the satellite device, where N is equal to 2 or greater than 2. When the signal sent by each satellite device among the N satellite devices arrives at the terminal device, the corresponding time-frequency resources include the first time-frequency resources.

Taking the first satellite device as an example, the following describes an implementation method in which the terminal device determines channel information between a satellite device and the terminal device.

In a possible implementation, the K1 first signals include K3 first signals, and K3 is a positive integer less than or equal to K1. In the above step 408, the terminal device can determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K3 first signals. The time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the K3 first signals when it arrives at the terminal device are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals when they arrive at the terminal device. In this way, the interference to the K3 first signals will show a certain regularity, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, these interferences can be minimized or eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

In another possible implementation, the terminal device determines a correction value corresponding to the first signal according to the phase of the first signal for the first signal among the K3 first signals. The terminal device determines the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device according to the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals. The correction value corresponding to a first signal can compensate for the phase of the first signal during the channel estimation process, so that these interferences can be minimized or eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

The embodiment of the present application provides a formula for calculating the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device:

In formula (8), is the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS1 is a signal sequence used to generate the first signal, r _1,i is the (i+1)th first signal, r _1,i is a signal among the K3 first signals (that is, the signal used to calculate the channel information is a signal among the K3 first signals), is the correction value corresponding to r _1,i , and the signal corresponding to r _1,i can be expressed as The value range of i is [(g ₁ -1), (N-1)], i is an integer, φ ₁ is the first phase offset value, · and * both represent multiplication, g ₁ is a positive integer, and g ₁ is the ranking of the first first signal among the K3 first signals among the K1 first signals. For example, if the K3 first signals are the first two among the K1 first signals, that is, the ranking of the first first signal among the K3 first signals among the K1 first signals is also the first, the value of g ₁ is 1, and the value range of i is [0, (N-1)]. For another example, if the K3 first signals are the second and third among the K1 first signals, that is, the ranking of the first first signal among the K3 first signals among the K1 first signals is the second, so the value of g ₁ is 2, and the value range of i is [1, (N-1)].

The following describes two channel estimation methods by way of example F1 and example F2. In example F1, N satellite devices include a first satellite device and a second satellite device. In example F2, N satellite devices include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and a third satellite device.

Example F1 is introduced by taking N satellite devices including a first satellite device and a second satellite device as an example.

FIG5A exemplarily shows a possible example of a signal received by a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG5A , the signal received by the terminal device from the first satellite device includes, for example, a first signal #10, a first signal #11, and a first signal #12. The signal received by the terminal device from the second satellite device includes, for example, a second signal #20, a second signal #21, and a second signal #22. During the transmission process of the first signal #12 in FIG5A , a part is not affected by the signal of the second satellite device. The first time-frequency resource can be regarded as the time-frequency resource corresponding to the first signal #10 and the first signal #11 when they arrive at the terminal device. It can be seen that the time-frequency resources occupied by the signal of the second satellite device when it arrives at the terminal device also include the first time-frequency resource.

As shown in FIG5A , the K3 first signals may be all or part of the first signal #10 and the first signal #11. As can be seen from FIG5A , the entire transmission process of each of the first signals #10 and the first signal #11 is affected by the signal of the second satellite device. It can also be understood that, in the example of FIG5A , the time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the first signals #10 and the first signal #11 when arriving at the terminal device are a subset of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals (i.e., the second signal #20, the second signal #21, and the second signal #22) when arriving at the terminal device.

Taking FIG. 5A as an example, the first signal #10 sent by the first satellite device is X _DMRS,1 , and the first signal #11 is The first signal #12 is The second signal #20 sent by the second satellite device is X _DMRS,2 , and the second signal #21 is The second signal #22 is Since the first signal and the second signal may be affected by some factors during transmission, such as Doppler effect, the received signals may be phase-shifted.

The channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (9):

In formula (9), is the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS1 is the signal sequence used to generate the first signal, r _1,0 is the first first signal (i.e., the first signal #10 received by the terminal device), the signal corresponding to r _1,0 can be expressed as DMRS1, r _1,1 is the second first signal (i.e., the first signal #11 received by the terminal device), is the correction value corresponding to r _1,1 , and the signal corresponding to r _1,1 can be expressed as φ ₁ is the first phase offset value, and the correction value corresponding to r _1,0 is 1. In this example, it is described by taking the K3 first signals as the first two first signals of the K1 first signals as an example.

The following is an analysis of formula (9) to illustrate how the method provided by the embodiment of the present application improves the accuracy of the acquired channel information. Since the three first signals received by the terminal device from the first satellite device can be expressed as Since the transmission of the first signal and the second signal may be affected by some factors, such as Doppler effect, the received signal may have a phase shift. The three second signals received by the terminal device from the second satellite device can be expressed as The meanings of the relevant parameters can be found in the descriptions of the above formulas and will not be repeated here. Therefore, the interference W _r1,1 on r _1,1 and the interference W _r1,0 on r _1,0 can satisfy Transform the formula, such as multiplying both sides of the formula by Then you can get: Also because (An example of the above formula (3)), so therefore

The above formula (9) can be further transformed into: Among them, P _r1,0 can be regarded as a valid signal in r _1,0 , and P _r1,1 can be regarded as a valid signal in r _1,1 . therefore Since the signal corresponding to r _1,1 is therefore The phase of P _r1,1 can be compensated.

In another possible implementation, the terminal device may also calculate the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device. Similarly, the terminal device may select K4 second signals from the K2 second signals, and determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K4 second signals. The K4 second signals are part or all of the K2 second signals.

The embodiment of the present application provides a formula for calculating the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device:

In formula (10), is the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS2 is a signal sequence used to generate the second signal, r _2,i is the (i+1)th second signal, and r _2,i belongs to a signal among the K4 second signals (that is, the signal used to calculate the channel information is a signal among the K4 second signals), is the correction value corresponding to r _2,i , and the signal corresponding to r _2,i can be expressed as The value range of i is [(g ₂ -1), (N-1)], i is an integer, φ ₂ is the second phase offset value, · and * both represent multiplication, g ₂ is a positive integer, and g ₂ is the ranking of the first second signal among the K4 second signals among the K2 second signals. For example, if the K4 second signals are the first two among the K2 second signals, that is, the ranking of the first second signal among the K4 second signals among the K2 second signals is also the first, the value of g ₂ is 1, and the value range of i is [0, (N-1)].

For another example, for example, the K4 second signals are the second and third of the K2 second signals, that is, the first second signal of the K4 second signals is ranked second among the K2 first signals, so the value of g2 is ₂ , and the value range of i is [1, (N-1)]. The above formula (10) can also be written as: Among them, r _2,1 is the second second signal (ie, the second signal # 21 received by the terminal device), and r _2,2 is the third second signal (ie, the second signal # 22 received by the terminal device).

As can be seen from FIG. 5A , when calculating the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, a portion of the second signal #20 in FIG. 5A is not affected by the signal of the first satellite device during transmission. However, the second signal #21 and the second signal #22 are both affected by the signal of the first satellite device. Therefore, the signals used to calculate the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device are the second signal #21 and the second signal #22. The scheme for calculating the channel information of the second satellite device can also refer to the scheme for calculating the channel information of the first satellite device, and the signal for selecting the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device can also refer to the scheme for selecting K1 first signals, which will not be described in detail.

It can be seen from the above analysis that by applying the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference to the signal can be eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

Example F2 is described by taking the N satellite devices including a first satellite device, a second satellite device and a third satellite device as an example.

FIG5B exemplarily shows a possible example of a signal received by a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The difference from FIG5A is that, in the example shown in FIG5B , the signal received by the terminal device from the first satellite device also includes a first signal #13. The signal received by the terminal device from the second satellite device also includes a second signal #23. The signal received by the terminal device from the third satellite device includes, for example, a third signal #30, a third signal #31, a third signal #32, and a third signal #33. For other contents, please refer to the relevant description of FIG5A and will not be repeated here.

During the transmission of the first signal #13 in FIG5B , a portion is not affected by the signals of the second satellite device and the third satellite device. The first time-frequency resource can be regarded as the time-frequency resource corresponding to the first signal #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12 when they arrive at the terminal device. It can be seen that the time-frequency resource occupied by the signal of the second satellite device when it arrives at the terminal device also includes the first time-frequency resource, and the time-frequency resource occupied by the signal of the third satellite device when it arrives at the terminal device also includes the first time-frequency resource.

As shown in FIG5B, K3 first signals may be all or part of the first signal #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12. As can be seen from FIG5B, the entire transmission process of each of the first signals #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12 is affected by the signal of the second satellite device. It can also be understood that in the example of FIG5B, the time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the first signals #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12 when arriving at the terminal device are subsets of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals (i.e., the second signal #20, the second signal #21, the second signal #22, and the second signal #23) when arriving at the terminal device. The time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the first signals #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12 when arriving at the terminal device are subsets of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signals from the third satellite device (such as the third signal #30, the third signal #31, and the third signal #32) when arriving at the terminal device.

Compared with FIG. 5A , the difference is that in FIG. 5B , the first signal #13 sent by the first satellite device is The second signal #23 sent by the second satellite device is The third signal #30 sent by the third satellite device is X _DMRS,3 , and the third signal #31 is The third signal #32 is The third signal #33 is For other contents, please refer to the relevant description of Figure 5A and will not be repeated here.

The channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (11):

In formula (11), is the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS1 is the signal sequence used to generate the first signal, r _1,2 is the third first signal (ie, the first signal #12 received by the terminal device), is the correction value corresponding to r _1,2 , and the signal corresponding to r _1,2 can be expressed as In this example, the K3 first signals are taken as the first three first signals of the K1 first signals for introduction.

The parameters of formula (10) can be found in the relevant content of formula (9) and will not be repeated here.

Similarly, the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (12):

In formula (12), is the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, is the correction value corresponding to r _2,3 , r _2,3 is the fourth second signal, and the signal corresponding to r _2,3 can be expressed as In this example, the K4 second signals are the second second signal, the third second signal and the fourth second signal of the K2 second signals. The parameters of formula (12) can refer to the relevant content in formula (10), which will not be repeated here.

As can be seen from FIG. 5B , when calculating the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, a portion of the second signal #20 in FIG. 5B is not affected by the signal of at least one other satellite device (such as the first satellite device) during transmission, while the second signal #21, the second signal #22, and the second signal #23 are all affected by the signal of the first satellite device. And the second signal #21, the second signal #22, and the second signal #23 are all affected by the signal of the third satellite device. Therefore, the signals used to calculate the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device are the second signal #21, the second signal #22, and the second signal #23. The scheme for calculating the channel information of the second satellite device can also refer to the scheme for calculating the first satellite device, and the signal for selecting the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device can also refer to the scheme for selecting K1 third signals, which will not be repeated.

Similarly, the channel information between the third satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (13):

In formula (13), is the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS3 is a signal sequence for generating the third signal, r _3,0 is the first third signal (i.e., the third signal #30 received by the terminal device), the signal corresponding to r _3,0 can be expressed as DMRS3, r _3,1 is the second third signal (i.e., the third signal #31 received by the terminal device), and r _3,2 is the third third signal (i.e., the third signal #32 received by the terminal device), is the correction value corresponding to r _3,1 , and the signal corresponding to r _3,1 can be expressed as is the correction value corresponding to r _3,2 , and the signal corresponding to r _3,2 can be expressed as The correction value corresponding to r _3,0 is 1. In this example, the first three third signals used to calculate the channel information between the third satellite device and the terminal device are used as an example for introduction. For related contents, please refer to the description of the first satellite device and the second satellite device, which will not be repeated here.

As can be seen from FIG. 5B , when calculating the channel information between the third satellite device and the terminal device, a portion of the third signal #33 in FIG. 5B is not affected by the signal of at least one other satellite device (such as the second satellite device) during transmission, while the third signal #30, the third signal #31, and the third signal #32 are all affected by the signal of the first satellite device. Moreover, the third signal #30, the third signal #31, and the third signal #32 are all affected by the signal of the second satellite device. Therefore, the signals used to calculate the channel information between the third satellite device and the terminal device are the third signal #30, the third signal #31, and the third signal #32. The scheme for calculating the channel information of the third satellite device can also refer to the scheme for calculating the first satellite device, and the signal for selecting the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device can also refer to the scheme for selecting K1 third signals, which will not be described in detail.

That is to say, when a satellite device sends a signal and performs channel estimation, the signal selected for use needs to be affected by the signals of each satellite device among the other satellite devices among the N satellite devices. In this way, interference can be reduced or eliminated during subsequent channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

From the scheme provided in Figure 4, it can be seen that in the scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the phase of the signal sent by a satellite device can be adjusted, and/or the number of occupied time units can be adjusted, it is possible to reduce interference in the subsequent channel estimation process by adjusting at least one of these parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

In another possible implementation, the location information of the terminal device may change, and/or the location of the satellite device may also change. This may then cause the signal transmission delay between the satellite device communicating with the terminal device and the terminal device to change, and/or the frequency offset that occurs when the signal sent by the satellite device reaches the terminal device may change. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present application, the satellite device may subsequently update the phase of the signal sent, such as updating the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the satellite device and/or the corresponding TPF. In order to further improve the accuracy of the channel information.

FIG6 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of an effect provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , line #11 and line #21 in (a) of FIG6 are examples in which the solution provided by an embodiment of the present application is not applied, and line #11 and line #21 in (b) of FIG6 are examples in which the solution provided by an embodiment of the present application is applied. In (a) and (b) of FIG6 , line #10 and line #20 represent the traditional least square (LS) channel estimation method, and line #12 and line #22 represent the single-satellite channel estimation method, wherein line #10, line #11 and line #12 are the performance before time domain windowing, and line #20, line #21 and line #22 are the performance after time domain windowing. Here, time domain windowing means that after the frequency domain channel estimation value is obtained by LS, it is transformed into the time domain to obtain the time domain channel estimation value, and then the time domain channel estimation value is multiplied by the window function to filter out the interference and noise signals outside the window, and finally the windowed time domain channel estimation value is transformed back to the frequency domain to obtain the final frequency domain channel estimation value. In (b) of Figure 6, line #11 basically coincides with line #12, and line #21 basically coincides with line #22. It can be seen from line #11 and line #21 of (a) of Figure 6 and line #11 and line #21 of (b) of Figure 6 that the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can better suppress the interference of signals (such as pilots) between different satellites, and it may be possible to achieve the same performance as the single-satellite channel estimation.

It is understandable that in order to implement the functions in the above embodiments, the first device, the second device and the positioning management device may include hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and method steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed in this application, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

Figures 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of the structures of possible communication devices provided by embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the terminal or base station in the above method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects possessed by the above method embodiments. In an embodiment of the present application, the communication device can be a terminal device or a chip system of a terminal device as shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B, or it can be a satellite device or a chip system of a satellite device as shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B.

As shown in FIG7 , the communication device 1300 includes a processing unit 1310 and a transceiver unit 1320. The communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG2 or FIG4 . The transceiver unit 1320 may also be referred to as a communication unit. The transceiver unit 1320 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG2 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform the above step 201, and the processing unit 1310 may perform step 202. When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG2 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform the above step 201.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG4 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform the above steps 401, 403, 404, 406, and 407, and the processing unit 1310 is used to perform step 408. When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG4 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform the above steps 401, 403, 404, 406, and 407, and the processing unit 1310 is used to perform steps 402 and 405.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4, in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive K1 first signals from the first satellite device. The processing unit 1310 is used to determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device according to the first phase offset value and part or all of the K1 first signals.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive K2 second signals from the second satellite device.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in a possible implementation, the sending unit is used to send information indicating a first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is used to determine a first phase offset value.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send location information of the terminal device, and the location information is used to determine the first phase offset value.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating a first phase offset value, and determine the first phase offset value based on the information indicating the first phase offset value.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 1310 is used to obtain a first frequency difference, and determine a first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating K1 time units.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating K2 time units.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 1310 is used to determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device according to K3 first signals.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is used to determine, for a first signal among K3 first signals, a correction value corresponding to the first signal according to the phase of the first signal, and determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device according to the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in a possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is used to obtain the first phase offset value corresponding to K1 first signals, and the sending unit is used to send K1 first signals.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating a first frequency difference, and determine a first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive location information of the terminal device and determine the first phase offset value according to the location information.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send information indicating the first phase offset value.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send information indicating the second phase offset value.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 1310 is used to determine K1 time units and/or K2 time units.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send information indicating K1 time units.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send information indicating K2 time units.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 1310 is used to obtain second phase offset values corresponding to K2 second signals, where K2 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the second phase offset value is a phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 second signals, and the second phase offset value is associated with a value of a frequency offset that occurs when a signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device;

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send K2 second signals.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating the second phase offset value.

When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating K2 time units.

For a more detailed description of the processing unit 1310 and the transceiver unit 1320, reference may be made to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 .

As shown in FIG8 , the communication device 1400 includes a processor 1410 and an interface circuit 1420. The processor 1410 and the interface circuit 1420 are coupled to each other. It is understandable that the interface circuit 1420 may be a transceiver or an input-output interface. Among them, the transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter can be used to send information, the receiver can be used to receive information, and other functions can be implemented by the processor. The input-output interface is used to input and/or output information, the output can be understood as sending, the input can be understood as receiving, and other functions can be implemented by the processor. Optionally, the communication device 1400 may also include a memory 1430 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1410 or storing input data required for the processor 1410 to run the instructions or storing data generated after the processor 1410 runs the instructions.

When the communication device 1400 is used to implement the method shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , the processor 1410 is used to implement the function of the processing unit 1310 , and the interface circuit 1420 is used to implement the function of the transceiver unit 1320 .

When the communication device is a chip applied to a terminal, the terminal chip implements the function of the terminal device in the above method embodiment. The terminal chip receives information from the satellite device, which can be understood as the information is first received by other modules in the terminal (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna), and then sent to the terminal chip by these modules. The terminal chip sends information to the satellite device, which can be understood as the information is first sent to other modules in the terminal (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna), and then sent to the satellite device by these modules.

When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to satellite equipment, the satellite equipment chip realizes the function of the satellite device in the above-mentioned method embodiment. The satellite equipment chip receives information from the terminal, which can be understood as the information is first received by other modules in the satellite equipment (such as radio frequency module or antenna), and then sent to the satellite equipment chip by these modules. The satellite equipment chip sends information to the terminal, which can be understood as the information is sent to other modules in the satellite equipment (such as radio frequency module or antenna), and then sent to the terminal by these modules.

In the present application, when entity A sends information to entity B, it can be that A sends it directly to B, or that A sends it to B indirectly through other entities. Similarly, when entity B receives information from entity A, it can be that entity B directly receives the information sent by entity A, or that entity B indirectly receives the information sent by entity A through other entities. Entities A and B here can be satellite devices or terminals, or modules inside satellite devices or terminals. The sending and receiving of information can be information interaction between a satellite device and a terminal, for example, information interaction between a satellite device and a terminal; the sending and receiving of information can also be information interaction between two satellite devices, for example, information interaction between a CU and a DU; the sending and receiving of information can also be information interaction between different modules inside a device, for example, information interaction between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or information interaction between a base station chip and other modules in the base station.

It is understandable that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions that can be executed by a processor. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a base station or a terminal. The processor and the storage medium can also exist in a base station or a terminal as discrete components.

In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When a computer program or instruction is loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function of the embodiment of the present application is executed in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device or other programmable device. The computer program or instruction can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer program or instruction can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc; it can also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state hard disk. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.

In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or provided for in any logical conflict, the terms and/or descriptions between the different embodiments are consistent and may be referenced to each other, and the technical features in the different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And/or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the text description of the present application, the character "/" generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship; in the formula of the present application, the character "/" indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in a "division" relationship. "Including at least one of A, B and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C. "Including at least one of A, B or C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

It is understandable that the various numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application (such as the digital numbers "first" and "second", and the letter numbers "A1, A2", "B1, B2", "C1, C2", etc.) are only distinguished for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims (36)

A method for determining channel information, characterized in that the method is applied to a terminal device, and the method comprises: receiving K1 first signals from a first satellite device, where K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, a phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value, and the first phase offset value is associated with a value of a frequency offset that occurs when a signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device; Channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device is determined according to the first phase offset value and part or all of the K1 first signals. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises: receiving K2 second signals from a second satellite device, where K2 is a positive integer greater than 1; The first phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is a difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device; or, The first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated, and the second phase offset value is a phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among K2 second signals sent by the second satellite device. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first phase offset value is φ ₁ , the second phase offset value is φ ₂ ,
The β _D1,2 is the difference in phase offset values when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, the π is a constant, the q ₁ is a positive integer, and the N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the value of _q1 is an odd number. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the method further comprises: sending information indicating the first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is used to determine the first phase offset value; or, Sending location information of the terminal device, where the location information is used to determine the first phase offset value. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the method further comprises: receiving information indicating the first phase offset value, and determining the first phase offset value according to the information indicating the first phase offset value; or, The first frequency difference is acquired, and the first phase offset value is determined according to the first frequency difference. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7 is characterized in that the K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device at K1 time units, the K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device at K2 time units, the value of K2 and/or the value of K1 are associated with a first time difference, and the first time difference is determined based on the difference between the times when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the method further comprises: Receive information indicating the K1 time units and/or information indicating the K2 time units. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: When the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the cyclic prefix CP: the K1 is equal to or greater than the N, and/or the K2 is equal to or greater than the N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device; or When the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP, and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and/or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1). The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: An offset is included between the first time unit of the K1 time units and the first time unit of the K2 time units, and the offset is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: The difference between the start sending time of the K1 first signals and the start sending time of the K2 second signals is the second time difference, and the second time difference is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of a time unit. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the K1 first signals include K3 first signals, the K3 is a positive integer less than or equal to the K1, and the time-frequency resources corresponding to each first signal of the K3 first signals when arriving at the terminal device are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals when arriving at the terminal device; The determining, according to part or all of the K1 first signals, channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device includes: Channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device is determined according to the K3 first signals. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the method further comprises: For a first signal among the K3 first signals, determining a correction value corresponding to the first signal according to a phase of the first signal; Channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device is determined according to the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals. A channel information determination method, characterized in that the method is applied to a first satellite device, and the method comprises: Acquire a first phase offset value corresponding to K1 first signals, where K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, the first phase offset value is a phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals, and the first phase offset value is associated with a value of a frequency offset that occurs when a signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device; The K1 first signals are sent. The method of claim 15, wherein the first phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is a difference in frequency offsets that occur when a signal from the first satellite device and a signal from a second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device; or The first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated, the second phase offset value is the phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among K2 second signals sent by the second satellite device, and K2 is a positive integer greater than 1. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the first phase offset value is φ ₁ , the second phase offset value is φ ₂ ,
The β _D1,2 is the difference in phase offset values when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, the π is a constant, the q ₁ is a positive integer, and the N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the value of _q1 is an odd number. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the method further comprises: receiving information indicating the first frequency difference, and determining the first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference; or, Receive location information of the terminal device, and determine the first phase offset value according to the location information. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the method further comprises: sending information indicating the first phase offset value; and/or; Information indicating the second phase offset value is sent. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that at least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that the K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device in K1 time units, and the K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device in K2 time units; The method further comprises: The K1 time units and/or the K2 time units are determined, wherein the value of K2 and/or the value of K1 is associated with a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is determined based on the difference between the times when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the method further comprises: Sending information indicating the K1 time units; and/or, Information indicating the K2 time units is sent. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that: When the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the cyclic prefix CP: the K1 is equal to or greater than the N, and/or the K2 is equal to or greater than the N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device; or When the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP, and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and/or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1). The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that: An offset is included between the first time unit of the K1 time units and the first time unit of the K2 time units, and the offset is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that: The difference between the start sending time of the K1 first signals and the start sending time of the K2 second signals is the second time difference, and the second time difference is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of a time unit. A communication device, characterized by comprising a module for executing the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 through a logic circuit or by executing a computer program or instruction. A communication device, characterized in that it includes at least one processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices and transmit them to the at least one processor or send signals from the processor to other communication devices, and the processor is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14 through a logic circuit or executing code instructions. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program or instruction is stored in the storage medium, and when the computer program or instruction is executed by a communication device, the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14 is implemented. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14. A communication device, characterized by comprising a module for executing the method as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 26. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26 through a logic circuit or by executing a computer program or instruction. A communication device, characterized in that it includes at least one processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices and transmit them to the processor or send signals from the at least one processor to other communication devices, and the processor is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 15 to 26 through a logic circuit or executing code instructions. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program or instruction is stored in the storage medium, and when the computer program or instruction is executed by a communication device, the method as described in any one of claims 15 to 26 is implemented. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the method as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 26.