WO2025111865A1 - Magnetic separation apparatus for iron-bearing substances in hydrometallurgical tailings for laterite nickel ore - Google Patents

Abstract

A magnetic separation apparatus for iron-bearing substances in hydrometallurgical tailings for a laterite nickel ore. The magnetic separation apparatus comprises: a tube (1) which is configured to allow tailings to be poured from the top end of the tube, wherein a plurality of vertical flat holes (101) running through the tube (1) are provided in an outer side of the tube (1); a magnetic separation member (2) comprising an electromagnetic plate (21) and a sliding sleeve (22), wherein the electromagnetic plate (21) is arranged in the flat hole (101), the sliding sleeve (22) is sleeved on an outer side of the electromagnetic plate (21) and can shuttle back and forth in the flat hole (101) along the electromagnetic plate (21), and by means of the electromagnetic plate (21), iron-bearing substances are magnetically attracted to the sliding sleeve (22) in an area where the electromagnetic plate overlaps with the sliding sleeve (22); a driving member (3) which is configured to drive the sliding sleeve (22) to shuttle back and forth in the flat hole (101); and a material guide member (4) which is configured to receive the iron-bearing substances which are brought out of the tube (1) by the sliding sleeve (22) and released from magnetic attraction and fall down.

Description

A magnetic separation device for iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tailings magnetic separation and recovery, and in particular to a magnetic separation device for iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings.

Background Art

In the process of producing nickel, cobalt and manganese new energy raw materials by hydrometallurgical laterite nickel ore, tailings are produced. The tailings contain iron-containing substances. The iron-containing substances are recovered from the obtained tailings by reduction roasting-magnetic separation.

In order to improve the magnetic separation efficiency in the magnetic separation step of tailings, in the prior art, for example, Chinese Patent 202211190652.7 discloses a magnetic separation device for recovering metals from smelting tailings, which is provided with a tailings breaking component, and the tailings breaking component can cooperate with the electromagnetic selection part to fully select the magnetic metals in the tailings in the magnetic separation chamber. At the same time, the rotation of the magnetic separation disc can drive the tailings breaking component to break up the tailings, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of the magnetic metals. The tailings are broken up so that they can be fully magnetically selected to improve the magnetic separation efficiency.

For the above-mentioned prior art, in order to improve the recovery efficiency of tailings magnetic separation, the tailings are broken up during magnetic separation, which does have a significant effect. However, most magnetic separation equipment is either transported to the magnetic separation section by a conveyor belt for magnetic separation, or injected into a drum-type magnetic separation equipment for rolling magnetic separation. The efficiency of the magnetic separation line is restricted by the speed of the tailings passing through the magnetic separation section and the transfer speed of the metal and tailings after magnetic separation. If it is necessary to match the continuous generation of tailings from the smelting production line and perform efficient and sufficient tailings magnetic separation, it is necessary to keep the tailings passing quickly and being effectively magnetically separated. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a magnetic separation device for iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings to solve the problem. Solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a magnetic separation device for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings to solve the technical problem that the magnetic separation efficiency in the prior art is still restricted by the speed at which the tailings pass through the magnetic separation section and the transfer speed of the metal and tailings after magnetic separation.

In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution of the present invention provides a magnetic separation device for iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings, comprising:

A tube body, used for pouring tailings from the top thereof, and a plurality of vertical flat holes penetrating the tube body are opened on the outside of the tube body;

A magnetic separator, the magnetic separator comprising an electromagnetic plate and a sliding sleeve, the electromagnetic plate being arranged in the flat hole, the sliding sleeve being sleeved on the outside of the electromagnetic plate and being able to shuttle back and forth in the flat hole along the electromagnetic plate, and the ferrous material being magnetically attracted to the sliding sleeve by the electromagnetic plate in the overlapping area with the sliding sleeve;

A driving member, used for driving the sliding sleeve to shuttle back and forth in the flat hole; and

The material guide is used to receive the iron-containing material that is brought out of the tube body by the sliding sleeve and falls away from the magnetic attraction.

Furthermore, the flat holes are distributed on the left and right sides and the front and back sides of the tube body, and the flat holes on the front and back sides and the left and right sides are distributed up and down, and the magnetic selection parts located in the flat holes are distributed in a cross shape in the tube body.

Furthermore, the number of the flat holes on the front and rear sides and the left and right sides of the tube body is two.

Furthermore, the sliding sleeve is in a U-shape and is invertedly mounted on the electromagnetic plate. A guide groove is provided on the inner side of the sliding sleeve, and a guide strip is provided on the outer side of the electromagnetic plate. The guide bar is slidably connected to the guide groove and is used to guide the sliding sleeve to move along the direction of the electromagnetic plate.

Furthermore, a group of the magnetic separators includes a plurality of the magnetic separators that are distributed crosswise up and down, and the plurality of groups of the magnetic separators are distributed sequentially from top to bottom on the tube body.

Furthermore, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plates on the plurality of groups of magnetic selectors decreases from top to bottom, and there is a material guiding member corresponding to the bottom of each group of magnetic selectors.

Furthermore, the driving member includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a driving wheel and a fixed bracket, the driving wheel is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket, the fixed bracket is installed on the outside of the tube body, the end of the driving wheel is connected to the first bracket, one end of the second bracket is hinged to the first bracket, and the other end of the second bracket is hinged to the corresponding sliding sleeve.

Furthermore, the driving member also includes a driving motor and a transmission belt. The transmission belt is arranged between two adjacent driving wheels. The transmission belt is also arranged between the output shaft of the driving motor and the adjacent driving wheels.

Furthermore, the material guiding member includes a material receiving hopper, which is arranged on the tube body and surrounds the tube body.

Furthermore, the bottom of the receiving hopper is inclined to one side, and a guide hopper is provided at the inclined bottom.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by adopting a vertical tube body, the tailings are poured in by free fall, the slide is horizontally inserted into the tube body, and the magnetic plate is suspended in the slide, the slide can reciprocate in the tube body, and always keep a part of it in the tube body, under the action of the electromagnetic plate, the iron-containing material is adsorbed on the part of the slide in the tube body, and the part of the slide that moves outside the tube body is separated from the magnetic plate area and demagnetized, and in the process of reciprocating movement, the magnetically selected iron-containing material is taken out of the tube body and automatically demagnetized and separated, which can effectively and quickly magnetically separate the iron-containing material, and utilizes the rapid fall of the free fall, in conjunction with the vertically distributed multi-segment structure for uninterrupted transfer of iron-containing materials, to perform efficient magnetic separation, and the magnetically selected iron-containing material is transferred from outside the tube body, The tailings are transferred from the bottom of the tube body, so that the tailings pass through the magnetic separation part at a faster speed and are transferred separately, and can be fully magnetically separated with high magnetic separation efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a magnetic separation device for iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a top view of the structure of a magnetic separation device for iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a three-dimensional diagram of the structure of a magnetic selector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a front view of the structure of a magnetic selector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is an exploded view of the structure of a magnetic separator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a three-dimensional diagram of multi-layer magnetic separation of iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer magnetic separation device for magnetic separation of iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to an embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure: 1, tube body; 101, flat hole; 102, enclosure;

2. Magnetic selector; 21. Electromagnetic plate; 22. Sliding sleeve;

3. driving member; 31. first bracket; 32. second bracket; 33. driving wheel; 34. fixing bracket; 35. transmission belt;

4. Material guide; 41. Material receiving hopper; 42. Diversion hopper;

100, strong magnetic group; 200, medium magnetic group; 300, weak magnetic group.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute an embodiment of the present invention. This part of the application, together with the embodiments of the present invention, is used to explain the principle of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-5, the present invention provides a magnetic separation device for iron-containing materials in hydrometallurgical tailings of laterite nickel ore, including a pipe body 1, a magnetic separator 2, a driving member 3 and a material guide 4. The pipe body 1 is used to pour tailings from its top, which is beneficial to the free fall of the tailings, so that it is naturally dispersed in the fall, and has a sufficient speed to pass through the magnetic separation part, and provides effective dispersion, which is beneficial to magnetic separation in the pipe body 1, sufficient magnetic separation, and improved magnetic separation efficiency. The outer side of the pipe body 1 is provided with a plurality of vertical flat holes 101 passing through the pipe body 1; the magnetic separator 2 includes an electromagnetic plate 21 and a sleeve 22, the electromagnetic plate 21 is arranged in the flat hole 101, and the two ends extend from the two ends of the flat hole 101 to the outside of the two sides of the pipe body 1 respectively, the sleeve 22 is sleeved on the outer side of the electromagnetic plate 21, and can shuttle back and forth in the flat hole 101 along the electromagnetic plate 21, and the electromagnetic plate 21 overlaps with the sleeve 22. The area magnetically attracts the iron-containing material to the sleeve 22. The sleeve 22 is located in the area inside the tube body 1 and overlaps with the electromagnetic plate 21. The electromagnetic plate 21 has a magnetic attraction force. The iron-containing material is magnetized through the sleeve 22 to make it adhere to the outer surface of the sleeve 22. When the area of the sleeve 22 moves from the flat hole 101 to the outside of the tube body 1 and leaves the magnetic attraction area of the electromagnetic plate 21, the previously adsorbed iron-containing material automatically detaches, forming magnetic separation and separation, and the iron-containing material During magnetic separation, the iron-containing substances are discharged from the outside of the tube body 1, while the tailings fall directly from the tube body 1 and are discharged from the bottom of the tube body 1, which plays a role in rapid magnetic separation and separation; the driving member 3 is used to drive the sleeve 22 to shuttle back and forth in the flat hole 101, and move the sleeve 22 back and forth in the tube body 1; the material guide member 4 is used to receive the iron-containing substances that are taken out of the tube body 1 by the sleeve 22 and separated from the magnetic suction and falling, and the iron-containing substances separated by magnetic separation are directly separated from the tailings and transferred.

It can be understood that the sliding sleeve 22 corresponding to the flat hole 101 is also flat, and its area on the vertical plane is larger, with more magnetic attraction area, and when it is separated from the magnetic attraction area of the electromagnetic plate 21, the vertical outer surface is also easier to fall off the iron-containing substances previously adsorbed on its surface; the driving member 3 can adopt a device with a telescopic function, such as a telescopic cylinder, an electric push rod and other existing devices; the guide The material 4 is mainly arranged outside the tube body 1 to receive the iron-containing material magnetically separated from the tube body 1 and guide and transport it; the length of the sleeve 22 is always completely covered by the electromagnetic plate 21 under the extension and contraction of the driving member 3.

In a certain embodiment, in order to have a more effective cutting effect and a sufficient magnetic separation effect during the free fall of the tailings from the pipe body 1, the flat holes 101 are distributed on the left and right sides and the front and back sides of the pipe body 1, and the front and back sides are distributed up and down with the flat holes 101 on the left and right sides, and the magnetic separation elements 2 located in the flat holes 101 are distributed in a cross shape in the pipe body 1, that is, the magnetic separation elements 2 are in the pipe body 1, from top to bottom, one horizontally and one vertically, and the horizontally placed layer of magnetic separation elements 2 are all parallel horizontally placed, and the vertically placed layer of magnetic separation elements 2 are all parallel vertically placed. When the tailings fall, they will be cut horizontally and vertically by the sliding sleeve 22, which has the first effect of further breaking up the tailings, and the second effect of staggered distribution of the magnetic separation elements 2, so that the magnetic separation areas are dispersed and coordinated, and can more fully contact the tailings for magnetic separation.

Furthermore, in order to form a more sufficient magnetic separation and slitting and breaking up effect, the number of the flat holes 101 on the front and rear sides and the left and right sides of the tube body 1 is two. Referring to Figure 2, the magnetic separation element 2 is placed in the falling channel of the tailings to form a specific tic-tac-toe slitting and breaking up structure, so as not to cut the tube body 1 too finely to cause tailings blockage, and to have an effective slitting and breaking up effect, and its magnetic suction surface has four sides of the upper layer and four sides of the lower layer, which can fully contact the tailings and magnetically separate.

Furthermore, in order to provide stable guidance during the reciprocating movement of the sleeve 22, the sleeve 22 is U-shaped and is invertedly mounted on the electromagnetic plate 21, so that it can be magnetically adsorbed on both sides of the electromagnetic plate 21. A guide groove is provided on the inner side of the sleeve 22, and a guide bar is provided on the outer side of the electromagnetic plate 21. The guide bar is slidably connected to the guide groove and is used to guide the movement of the sleeve 22 along the direction of the electromagnetic plate 21. Through the cooperation of the guide bar and the guide groove, the sleeve 22 is provided with stable sliding and its moving direction is limited so that it will not move in the upper and lower positions.

It can be understood that there can be two guide bars on an electromagnetic plate 21, and the two guide bars are respectively distributed on both sides of the electromagnetic plate 21, and the guide grooves are correspondingly opened on the left and right side walls of the sliding sleeve 22. The symmetrically distributed guide structure has higher stability.

In a certain embodiment, in order to avoid magnetic separation loopholes and enable sufficient magnetic separation, referring to Figures 6 and 7, a group of the magnetic separation elements 2 includes a plurality of the magnetic separation elements 2 cross-distributed up and down, and a plurality of groups of the magnetic separation elements 2 are sequentially distributed from top to bottom on the pipe body 1. According to actual needs and the quality required for magnetic separation, multiple groups of magnetic separation elements 2 can be set as needed for magnetic separation, so as to fully contact and magnetically separate the tailings in a staggered distribution manner.

It can be understood that in this mode, the magnetic separators 2 are distributed up and down, and the staggered angle between the upper and lower layers of the magnetic separators 2 is not necessarily ninety degrees, and can be adaptively changed, but the single-layer magnetic separators 2 are all arranged in parallel to avoid interference in expansion and contraction.

Furthermore, since there are iron-containing substances of different particle sizes in the tailings, if screening is required, after magnetic separation, an additional process is required and the corresponding screening equipment is cooperated to perform screening operations on the iron-containing substances magnetically separated, which affects the efficiency of the entire production line. Therefore, in order to screen the iron-containing substances by size during the magnetic separation process, the efficiency of the entire tailings recovery process can undoubtedly be greatly improved. In order to achieve the above effect, specifically, the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plates 21 on several groups of the magnetic separation elements 2 decreases from top to bottom, and each group of the magnetic separation elements 2 corresponds to a material guide 4 below, so that each group of magnetic separation elements 2 adsorbs iron-containing substances of different particle sizes with different magnetic forces, and respectively guides them out from the corresponding material guide 4. During the magnetic separation process, the iron-containing substances are initially screened, which saves the subsequent screening links and improves the efficiency of the recovery production line. In addition, the multiple groups of magnetic separation elements 2 distributed from top to bottom can also achieve the effect of sufficient magnetic separation.

Preferably, the number of groups of magnetic selectors 2 is three, which are a strong magnetic group 100, a medium magnetic group 200 and a weak magnetic group 300 from top to bottom.

In addition, in order to prevent tailings from popping out of the flat hole 101, the inner side of the tube body 1 is also provided with a surrounding The baffle 102 is used to guide the tailings close to the inner wall into the central area of the pipe body 1.

In a certain embodiment, in order to correspond to the synchronous driving of multiple magnetic selectors 2, the driving member 3 includes a first bracket 31, a second bracket 32, a driving wheel 33 and a fixed frame 34. The driving wheel 33 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 34, and the fixed frame 34 is installed on the outside of the tube body 1. The end of the driving wheel 33 is connected to the first bracket 31, one end of the second bracket 32 is hinged to the first bracket 31, and the other end of the second bracket 32 is hinged to the corresponding sliding sleeve 22. The rotation of the driving wheel 33 drives the first bracket 31 to rotate, and the second bracket 32 is linked to push and pull the sliding sleeve 22, thereby forming an effect of the sliding sleeve 22 moving linearly in the flat hole 101 along the electromagnetic plate 21.

Furthermore, the driving member 3 also includes a driving motor and a transmission belt 35. The transmission belt 35 is arranged between two adjacent driving wheels 33. The transmission belt 35 is also arranged between the output shaft of the driving motor and the adjacent driving wheel 33. The driving wheels 33 of the upper and lower magnetic separation elements 2 are transmitted through the transmission belt 35, and all the magnetic separation elements 2 on a single side can be driven by one driving motor, which saves costs.

In one embodiment, in order to collect and transport the iron-containing materials magnetically separated, the material guide 4 includes a receiving hopper 41, and the receiving hopper 41 is arranged on the tube body 1 and surrounds the tube body 1, so as to collect the iron-containing materials magnetically separated and fallen from all sides.

Furthermore, the bottom of the receiving hopper 41 is inclined to one side, and a guide hopper 42 is provided at the inclined bottom. The iron-containing material is slid toward the guide hopper 42 along the inclination by utilizing the inclination of the bottom, and the outlet of the guide hopper 42 is connected to the conveyor belt for transfer.

The specific working process of the present invention is as follows: the tailings are injected from the top of the tube body 1, and the drive motor drives the drive belt 35 to drive the first bracket 31 and the second bracket 32 to push and pull the sleeve 22 back and forth in a straight line, so that it moves back and forth from the tube body 1 along the flat hole 101, and the iron-containing material adsorbed to the surface of the sleeve 22 by the electromagnetic plate 21 is taken out, and separated from the outside of the tube body 1, collected by the receiving hopper 41, and transported to the conveyor belt by the guide hopper 42, while the tailings It is directly discharged from the bottom end of the tube body 1 and transported by another conveyor belt; if there are multiple groups of magnetic separators 2 with different magnetic attraction strengths, multiple corresponding receiving hoppers 41 are respectively guided to the guide hoppers 42 thereon, and the corresponding conveyor belts are respectively used to transport the iron-containing materials of the magnetically separated particle sizes, and the size of the iron-containing materials is screened at the same time as the magnetic separation.

The entire workflow is completed, and the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

A magnetic separation device for iron-containing substances in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings, characterized by comprising: A tube body, used for pouring tailings from the top thereof, and a plurality of vertical flat holes penetrating the tube body are opened on the outside of the tube body; A magnetic separator, the magnetic separator comprising an electromagnetic plate and a sliding sleeve, the electromagnetic plate being arranged in the flat hole, the sliding sleeve being sleeved on the outside of the electromagnetic plate and being able to shuttle back and forth in the flat hole along the electromagnetic plate, and the ferrous material being magnetically attracted to the sliding sleeve by the electromagnetic plate in the overlapping area with the sliding sleeve; A driving member, used for driving the sliding sleeve to shuttle back and forth in the flat hole; and The material guide is used to receive the iron-containing material that is brought out of the tube body by the sliding sleeve and falls away from the magnetic attraction. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 1 is characterized in that the flat holes are distributed on the left and right sides and the front and back sides of the tube body, and the flat holes on the front and back sides and the left and right sides are distributed up and down, and the magnetic separators located in the flat holes are distributed in a cross shape in the tube body. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 2 is characterized in that the number of the flat holes on the front and rear sides and the left and right sides of the tube body is two. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 3 is characterized in that the sleeve is U-shaped and is invertedly mounted on the electromagnetic plate, a guide groove is provided on the inner side of the sleeve, and a guide bar is provided on the outer side of the electromagnetic plate, and the guide bar is slidably connected to the guide groove for guiding the sleeve to move along the direction of the electromagnetic plate. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 1 is characterized in that a group of magnetic separators includes a plurality of magnetic separators distributed crosswise up and down, A plurality of groups of magnetic selection elements are sequentially distributed on the tube body from top to bottom. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 5 is characterized in that the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plates on several groups of the magnetic separators decreases from top to bottom, and there is a material guide corresponding to the bottom of each group of the magnetic separators. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 1 is characterized in that the driving member includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a driving wheel and a fixed bracket, the driving wheel is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket, the fixed bracket is installed on the outside of the tube body, the end of the driving wheel is connected to the first bracket, one end of the second bracket is hinged to the first bracket, and the other end of the second bracket is hinged to the corresponding sliding sleeve. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 7 is characterized in that the driving member also includes a driving motor and a transmission belt, the transmission belt is arranged between two adjacent driving wheels, and the transmission belt is also arranged between the output shaft of the driving motor and the adjacent driving wheels. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material guiding member includes a receiving hopper, and the receiving hopper is arranged on the pipe body and surrounds the pipe body. The magnetic separation equipment for iron-containing materials in laterite nickel ore hydrometallurgical tailings according to claim 9 is characterized in that the bottom of the receiving hopper is inclined to one side, and a guide hopper is provided at its inclined bottom.