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WO2025109153A1 - Procédé de traitement thermique par four chauffé indirectement - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement thermique par four chauffé indirectement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025109153A1
WO2025109153A1 PCT/EP2024/083264 EP2024083264W WO2025109153A1 WO 2025109153 A1 WO2025109153 A1 WO 2025109153A1 EP 2024083264 W EP2024083264 W EP 2024083264W WO 2025109153 A1 WO2025109153 A1 WO 2025109153A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
kiln
process according
reactor
indirectly
electricity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/EP2024/083264
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Kehrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amateq Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Amateq Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amateq Holding GmbH filed Critical Amateq Holding GmbH
Publication of WO2025109153A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025109153A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/08—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined externally heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/34—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/42—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the thermal treatment of a material by an indirectly heated kiln .
  • Directly fired kilns normally use fossil fuels , thereby resulting in high CO2 emissions .
  • gases leaving the kiln comprise not only compounds evaporated from the thermally treated material , but also of f-gas resulting from the combustion of the fuel .
  • the invention aims to solve a problem to be solved is the reduction of the CO2 footprint of thermal processes in a cost-ef ficient way, including lowering the costs for of f-gas treatment .
  • Subj ect of the invention is a process for the thermal treatment of a material in a kiln, wherein i ) the kiln is an indirectly-heated rotary thermal reactor, and ii ) electricity is used to heat the kiln, wherein the electrical energy supply to the kiln fluctuates , with the maximum hourly average value thereof within a 24-hour period being greater than 150% , preferably greater than 200% , and more preferably greater than 400% of the minimum hourly average value within a 24-hour period .
  • Fluctuation of the electrical energy supply is due to the high cost of electricity in times of high demand and/or low supply .
  • the buf fer function of a kiln using electricity to heat the kiln can function as a big relief for supporting a stable system of public electricity supply .
  • this buf fer function can deliver a big operating cost reduction that even overcomes the cost of higher nameplate capacity of the equipment .
  • the feed rate of material into the kiln fluctuates , with the maximum hourly average value within a 24-hour period being greater than 150% , preferably greater than 200% , and more preferably greater than 400% of the minimum hourly average value within a 24-hour period .
  • the speed of rotation of the kiln and/or the inclination angle of the kiln is varied in such a way that the rate of energy trans fer into the material being treated is equivalent or nearly equivalent in periods of high, medium, and low energy supply .
  • the criterium or criteria used for assessing this "equivalence" is the product quality or product parameters of the material leaving the kiln .
  • hot gas is fed into the kiln in addition to the indirect heating .
  • the hot gas is generated using CO 2 -neutral energy sources , e . g . CO 2 -neutral electricity, CO 2 -neutral H 2 , biomass , or waste heat resulting from industrial processes .
  • CO 2 -neutral energy sources e . g . CO 2 -neutral electricity, CO 2 -neutral H 2 , biomass , or waste heat resulting from industrial processes .
  • the indirectly-heated rotary thermal reactor has two or more temperature zones . And more preferably, the indirectly-heated rotary thermal reactor has three temperature zones .
  • the total material retention time in the temperature zones is at least 30 min and/or the total material retention time in the reactor is at least 45 min .
  • the temperature in the first temperature zone is set to 850-1100 °C
  • the temperature in the second temperature zone is set to 750-1000 °C.
  • the inventive process can be applied to thermal treatment of many materials, e.g. a) materials comprising or consisting of gypsum, magnesium sulfate, iron sulfate, titanium dioxide, iron titanate or compositions comprising one or more of these materials, b) materials comprising or consisting of dust or sludge or filtercake containing zinc or lead c) materials comprising or consisting of clay, cementitious materials or materials exhibiting hydraulic properties after thermal treatment, d) materials comprising or consisting of calcium-containing compounds, such as calcium oxide CaO, e) materials comprising or consisting of phosphorous- containing compounds, preferably phosphorous-containing compositions, or f) materials comprising or consisting of geopolymers or geopolymer cements.
  • materials comprising or consisting of gypsum, magnesium sulfate, iron sulfate, titanium dioxide, iron titanate or compositions comprising one or more of these materials
  • the invention also provides an apparatus for the thermal treatment of materials by means of the process of the invention, wherein the apparatus takes the in form of a kiln, wherein i) the kiln is an indirectly-heated rotary thermal reactor, and ii) electricity is used to heat the kiln,
  • the invention is associated with a number of advantageous effects. These include, but are not limited to the following:
  • the obj ectives of the present invention are achieved by the implementation of an indirectly-heated rotary thermal reactor for the low CO2 footprint thermal treatment of a material in a kiln, wherein i ) the kiln is an indirectly-heated rotary thermal reactor, and ii ) electricity is used to heat the kiln, wherein the electrical energy supply to the kiln fluctuates , with the maximum hourly average value thereof within a 24-hour period being greater than 150% , preferably greater than 200% , and more preferably greater than 400% of the minimum hourly average value within a 24-hour period .
  • the disassembled unit employed in the process according to the invention can be made mobile as the parts fit into a series of shipping containers . This has the advantage that the unit is easily transported to/ from a speci fic j ob site .
  • the unit employed in the process ( and/or the process ) allows for high- volume continuous feed processing .
  • heat is applied to the outside of a drum containing the material to be treated .
  • the heat source is an electrical furnace . This has the advantage of improving the mobility of the unit and lowers the CO2 footprint of the process .
  • Advantages of the reactor being indirectly-heated and rotary include avoiding direct contact between the heat source and the material , providing a better control of the temperatures and allowing the internal processing atmosphere to be controlled .
  • Electricity as a heat source opens up the possibility of using CCy-neutral energy for the thermal treatment , thereby leading to an even better CO2 footprint of the products .
  • a signi ficant overcapacity of equipment is installed and said equipment is operated merely part-time .
  • consumption of electricity can be shi fted to the most favourable times .
  • the electrically heated reactor may be designed with 200% of nameplate ( or nominal ) capacity and operated 50% of the time only .
  • nameplate or nominal
  • the advantages of lower cost for electricity generally can overcome the higher investment for the higher nameplate capacity .
  • the feed material enters the system at ambient temperature .
  • the reactor can be heated up to 1200 ° C .
  • the reactor is heated to temperatures of from 600 ° C to 1000 ° C .
  • the temperatures are defined as the temperatures of the outside reactor wall in the middle of a temperature zone .
  • temperature zone refers to a section of the reactor in which the energy input can be controlled independently of adj acent sections and wherein the amount of thermal energy supplied per unit surface area of the reactor is kept constant throughout the temperature zone (variation of less than 10% , preferably less than 5% ) .
  • the total retention time of the material in the temperature zones of the reactor is at least 30 minutes .
  • the reactor can be adj usted to manage dwell time ( retention time ) by adj usting the inclination angle of the reactor and its speed of rotation .
  • Adj usting the retention time has the advantage that the removal of all volatile compounds from the material is ensured .
  • the ability to adj ust the retention time has the advantage that there is a large flexibility in the types of materials that can be processed and the level of thermal treatment achieved . For example , i f it is only required to remove a certain amount of water, the retention time can be decreased .
  • the reactor has a sealed feed assembly .
  • the reactor has a sealed discharge assembly .
  • the reactor has sealed feed and discharge assemblies .
  • the indirectly-heated rotary thermal reactor is an indirectly-heated rotary multi- zone thermal reactor with at least two temperature zones .
  • Heating the material in two , optionally three or more , di f ferent temperature zones ensures more ef ficient processing .
  • the temperature zones can be arranged so as to continually increase the temperature of the material passing through the reactor, i . e . from lowest to highest temperature . However, the temperature zones can also be arranged so as not to continually increase the temperature of the material passing through the reactor .
  • the material is heated by the shell and li fters configured along the internal walls of the reactor to ensure the most ef ficient heat trans fer .
  • the processed material discharges into a container through a double airlock .
  • the processed material discharges into a cooling screw through a double airlock .
  • the material is discharged into a cooling screw and stockpiled .
  • the flue gas exiting the reactor is treated in a vapour recovery unit comprising a scrubber unit and is not processed by a thermal oxidiser before entering the scrubber unit .
  • the total material retention time in the temperature zones is at least 30 min .
  • the total material retention time in the reactor is at least 45 min .
  • the reactor can process material at up to 1200 ° C .
  • the flue gas exiting the reactor is treated in a vapour recovery unit comprising a scrubber unit and the exhaust gas exiting the scrubber of the vapour recovery unit passes through one or more further scrubbers .
  • the puri fication of the exhaust gas via a system including scrubbers provides a more environmentally friendly thermal treatment .
  • the of f-gas from the thermal treatment is fed first into water without alkaline agents and subsequently is fed into an alkaline solution for capturing acidic compounds ( SO2,

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un procédé de traitement thermique de matériaux dans un four, i) le four étant un réacteur thermique rotatif chauffé indirectement, et ii) de l'électricité étant utilisée pour chauffer le four, et l'alimentation en énergie électrique du four fluctuant dans une période de 24 heures.
PCT/EP2024/083264 2023-11-24 2024-11-22 Procédé de traitement thermique par four chauffé indirectement Pending WO2025109153A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23212021.2A EP4560236A1 (fr) 2023-11-24 2023-11-24 Procédé de traitement thermique par four à chauffage indirect
EP23212021.2 2023-11-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025109153A1 true WO2025109153A1 (fr) 2025-05-30

Family

ID=88969731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2024/083264 Pending WO2025109153A1 (fr) 2023-11-24 2024-11-22 Procédé de traitement thermique par four chauffé indirectement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4560236A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2025109153A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150013498A1 (en) * 2012-02-10 2015-01-15 Telsugen Corporation Method of production and apparatus for production of reduced iron
US20230110304A1 (en) * 2021-10-13 2023-04-13 Coolbrook Oy Method and apparatus for manufacturing cement using rotary generated thermal energy

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150013498A1 (en) * 2012-02-10 2015-01-15 Telsugen Corporation Method of production and apparatus for production of reduced iron
US20230110304A1 (en) * 2021-10-13 2023-04-13 Coolbrook Oy Method and apparatus for manufacturing cement using rotary generated thermal energy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4560236A1 (fr) 2025-05-28

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