WO2025104120A1 - Herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam and safener - Google Patents
Herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam and safener Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025104120A1 WO2025104120A1 PCT/EP2024/082244 EP2024082244W WO2025104120A1 WO 2025104120 A1 WO2025104120 A1 WO 2025104120A1 EP 2024082244 W EP2024082244 W EP 2024082244W WO 2025104120 A1 WO2025104120 A1 WO 2025104120A1
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- herbicidal compositions
- compositions according
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- indaziflam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/66—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to agrochemically active herbicidal compositions and their use for controlling weeds.
- agrochemically active herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam, a safener, and optionally tembotrione. These herbicidal compositions are particularly suitable for controlling unwanted weeds in sugarcane and maize crops.
- indaziflam is known to be a non-selective herbicide, i.e., it causes severe damage to crops.
- Agrochemically active herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam and other herbicides are known from WO 2006/007947 A1.
- the tolerance of the known herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam to the crops maize and, in particular, sugarcane is not sufficient at all growth stages of the crop.
- the object of the present invention was to provide herbicidal compositions which, while having sufficient herbicidal activity, also have good compatibility with the crop plants maize and sugar cane.
- herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam, a safener selected from the group consisting of isoxadifen-ethyl and furilazole, and optionally tembotrione, mesotrione or isoxaflutole have a sufficient herbicidal effect and are also well tolerated by the crops maize and sugar cane.
- the present invention thus relates to herbicidal compositions containing
- the present invention also relates to herbicidal compositions containing
- the herbicidal compositions according to the invention may additionally contain or be used together with other components, for example, other types of crop protection active ingredients and/or additives and/or formulation auxiliaries commonly used in crop protection.
- the active ingredients metribuzin, atrazine, terbuthylazine, amicarbazone, tebuthirone, clomazone, and hexazinone are particularly suitable for this purpose.
- the present invention also relates to herbicidal compositions containing
- Herbicidal compositions according to any one of items 1 to 6 in a mixture with formulation aids comprising at least one further pesticidally active substance from the group consisting of insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, fungicides, safeners and growth regulators.
- compositions according to any one of items 1 to 5 comprising components A and B in a ratio of 1:5 to 1:1, components (A+B) and C in a ratio of 1:2 to 2:1, and components (A+B+C) to D in a ratio of 1:50 to 3.5:1.
- Herbicidal compositions according to any one of items 1 to 5 comprising components A and B in a ratio of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, components (A+B) and C in a ratio of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, and components (A+B+C) to D in a ratio of 1:30 to 1.5:1.
- a method for controlling undesirable plants characterized in that a herbicidal composition according to one of items 1 to 10 is applied to the plants or to the site of undesirable plant growth.
- Method according to item 11 characterized in that the control of undesirable plants takes place in crops of maize or sugar cane.
- the herbicidal compositions according to the invention not only show a sufficient herbicidal effect against a large number of weeds typically occurring in maize or sugar cane plantations, but surprisingly also either no or lower phytotoxicity towards the crop plants maize and sugar cane.
- the herbicidal compositions according to the invention can be applied in a manner known to those skilled in the art, for example together (for example as a co-formulation or as a tank mix) or also in quick succession (splitting), e.g. to the plants, plant parts, plant seeds or the area on which the plants are growing. It is possible, for example, to apply the individual active ingredients or the herbicidal compositions in several portions (sequential application), e.g. after pre-emergence applications, followed by post-emergence applications or after early post-emergence applications, followed by mid- or late post-emergence applications. Preference is given to the joint or timely application of components A, B, C and D.
- component B in the seed dressing method and the joint or timely application of components A, C and D.
- the application rate of component A is usually 5 to 100 g of active substance (ai) per hectare, preferably 10 to 75 g ai/ha, particularly preferably 15 to 50 g ai/ha.
- the application rate of component B is usually 5 to 150 g of active ingredient per hectare, preferably 10 to 100 g a. i./ha, particularly preferably 20 to 60 g a. i./ha.
- the application rate of component C is usually 10 to 200 g of active substance per hectare, preferably 20 to 150 g a. i./ha, particularly preferably 30 to 120 g a. i./ha.
- the application rate of component D is usually 50 to 3000 g of active substance per hectare, preferably 100 to 2000 g a. i./ha, particularly preferably 300 to 1600 g a. i./ha.
- the weight ratios of components A to B on the one hand and (A+B) to C on the other hand can be varied within wide ranges.
- the ratio of components A to B is in the range of 1:5 to 1:1, preferably in the range of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1.
- the ratio of components (A+B) to C is in the range of 1:2 to 2:1, preferably in the range of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1.
- the ratio of components (A+B+C) to D is in the range of 1:50 to 3.5:1, preferably in the range of 1:30 to 1.5:1.
- Optimal weight ratios may depend on the respective application area, weed spectrum and the active ingredient combination used and may be determined in preliminary tests.
- herbicidal compositions according to the invention When the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are applied pre- and post-emergence, a very broad spectrum of weeds is controlled, e.g., annual and perennial monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous weeds, as well as undesirable crops.
- the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in crops such as maize and sugarcane. They are also very well suited for use in transgenic maize crops.
- application can be carried out pre- and post-emergence with respect to the weed, i.e., either before or after germination or sprouting of the weed.
- the application can be carried out in the pre- and post-emergence method with respect to the crop, i.e. either before or after germination or sprouting of the crop, preferably maize or sugar cane.
- the present invention thus further relates to a method for controlling undesirable plants in crops of maize and sugar cane, which is characterized in that components A, B, C and D of the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are applied to the plants (e.g. harmful plants such as mono- or dicotyledonous weeds or undesirable crop plants) or the area on which the plants grow, e.g. together or separately.
- Unwanted plants are defined as all plants that grow in places where they are undesirable. These can include harmful plants (e.g., monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous weeds or undesirable crop plants).
- Monocotyledonous weeds come, for example, from the genera Echinochloa, Setaria, Panicum, Digitaria, Phleum, Poa, Festuca, Eleusine, Brachiaria, Lolium, Bromus, Avena, Cyperus, Sorghum, Agropyron, Cynodon, Monochoria, Fimbristylis, Sagittaria, Eleocharis, Scirpus, Paspalum, Ischaemum, Sphenoclea, Dactyloctenium, Agrostis, Alopecurus, Apera.
- Dicotyledonous weeds come, for example, from the genera Sinapis, Lepidium, Galium, Stellaria, Matricaria, Anthemis, Galinsoga, Chenopodium, Urtica, Senecio, Amaranthus, Portulaca, Xanthium, Convolvulus, Ipomoea, Polygonum, Sesbania, Ambrosia, Cirsium, Carduus, Sonchus, Solanum, Rorippa, Rotala, Lindemia, Lamium, Veronica, Abutilon, Emex, Datura, Viola, Galeopsis, Papaver, Centaurea, Trifolium, Ranunculus, Taraxacum, Euphorbia.
- the invention also relates to the use of the herbicidal compositions according to the invention for controlling undesirable plant growth, preferably in crops of useful plants, in particular maize and sugar cane. Use in sugar cane is very particularly preferred.
- the herbicidal compositions according to the invention can be prepared by known processes, e.g. as mixed formulations of the individual components, also with other active ingredients, additives and/or customary formulation auxiliaries, which are then applied diluted with water in the usual way, or as so-called tank mixes by jointly diluting the separately formulated individual components with water. Staggered application (split application) of the separately formulated or partially separately formulated individual components is also possible. It is also possible to apply the individual components or the herbicidal compositions in several portions (sequential application), e.g. after pre-emergence applications, followed by post-emergence applications, or after early post-emergence applications, followed by mid- or late post-emergence applications. Preference is given to the joint or prompt application of the active ingredients of the respective combination.
- the herbicidal compositions according to the invention can also be used to control harmful plants in crops of known genetically modified plants.
- Transgenic plants are generally characterized by particularly advantageous traits, such as resistance to certain pesticides, especially certain herbicides, resistance to plant diseases or pathogens such as certain insects or microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, or viruses.
- Other special traits include, for example, changes to the harvested crop in terms of quantity, quality, storability, composition, and specific ingredients.
- Transgenic plants with increased starch content or altered starch quality, or those with a different fatty acid composition of the harvested crop are known.
- Other special properties may include tolerance or resistance to abiotic stressors such as heat, cold, drought, salt, and ultraviolet radiation.
- new plants with modified traits can be created using genetic engineering techniques (see, for example, EP-A-0221044, EP-A-0131624).
- genetic engineering techniques see, for example, EP-A-0221044, EP-A-0131624.
- WO 92/11376, WO 92/14827, WO 91/19806 several cases have been described of genetic modifications of crop plants for the purpose of modifying the starch synthesized in the plants (e.g. WO 92/11376, WO 92/14827, WO 91/19806), transgenic crop plants which are resistant to certain herbicides of the glufosinate type (cf. e.g.
- Transgenic crops with modified fatty acid composition (WO 91/13972). Genetically modified crops with new components or secondary metabolites, e.g., new phytoalexins, that cause increased disease resistance (EPA 309862, EPA0464461). Genetically modified plants with reduced photorespiration that exhibit higher yields and greater stress tolerance (EPA 0305398).
- Transgenic crops that produce pharmaceutically or diagnostically important proteins (“molecular pharming”); transgenic crops that are characterized by higher yields or better quality; transgenic crops that are characterized by a combination of, for example, the above-mentioned new traits (“gene stacking”)
- nucleic acid molecules can be introduced into plasmids, allowing mutagenesis or sequence modification through recombination of DNA sequences. Using standard procedures, base substitutions can be performed, partial sequences removed, or natural or synthetic sequences added. Adapters or linkers can be attached to the DNA fragments to connect them together.
- the production of plant cells with a reduced activity of a gene product can be achieved, for example, by the expression of at least one corresponding antisense RNA, a sense RNA to achieve a cosuppression effect or the expression of at least one appropriately constructed ribozyme that specifically cleaves transcripts of the above-mentioned gene product.
- DNA molecules can be used that contain the entire coding sequence of a gene product, including any flanking sequences present, or DNA molecules that contain only parts of the coding sequence. These parts must be long enough to produce an antisense effect in the cells. It is also possible to use DNA sequences that exhibit a high degree of homology to the coding sequences of a gene product, but are not completely identical.
- the synthesized protein can be localized in any compartment of the plant cell.
- the coding region can, for example, be linked to DNA sequences that ensure localization in a specific compartment.
- sequences are known to the person skilled in the art (see, for example, Braun et al., EMBO J. 11 (1992), 3219-3227; Wolter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85 (1988), 846-850; Sonnewald et al., Plant J. 1 (1991), 95-106).
- Expression of nucleic acid molecules can also take place in the organelles of plant cells.
- the transgenic plant cells can be regenerated into whole plants using known techniques.
- the transgenic plants can, in principle, be plants of any plant species, i.e., both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants.
- compositions according to the invention can preferably be used in transgenic crops which are resistant to growth promoters, such as dicamba, or to herbicides which inhibit essential plant enzymes, e.g. acetolactate synthases (ALS), EPSP synthases, glutamine synthases (GS) or hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenases (HPPD), or to herbicides from the group of sulfonylureas, glyphosates, glufosinates or benzoyl isoxazoles and analogous active ingredients.
- ALS acetolactate synthases
- EPSP synthases glutamine synthases
- HPPD hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenases
- compositions according to the invention are used in transgenic crops, in addition to the effects against weeds observed in other crops, effects often occur that are specific to the application in the respective transgenic crop, for example a modified or specifically expanded weed spectrum that can be controlled, modified application rates that can be used for application, preferably good combinability with the herbicides to which the transgenic crop is resistant, and influencing the growth and yield of the transgenic crops.
- the invention therefore also relates to the use of the compositions according to the invention for controlling weeds in transgenic crops.
- compositions according to the invention are preferred in economically important transgenic crops of maize and sugarcane.
- the invention therefore also relates to the use of the compositions according to the invention for controlling weeds in transgenic crops or crops that exhibit tolerance through selective breeding.
- Components A, B, and C can be converted together or separately into conventional formulations, e.g., for spraying, pouring, and spraying applications, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, pastes, granules, aerosols, active ingredient-impregnated natural and synthetic materials, and microencapsulations in polymeric materials.
- the formulations may contain the usual excipients and additives.
- formulations are prepared in a known manner, e.g. by mixing components A, B and C with extenders, i.e. liquid solvents, pressurized liquefied gases and/or solid carriers, optionally using surface-active agents, i.e. emulsifiers and/or dispersants and/or foam-forming agents. If water is used as an extender, organic solvents can also be used as co-solvents.
- extenders i.e. liquid solvents, pressurized liquefied gases and/or solid carriers, optionally using surface-active agents, i.e. emulsifiers and/or dispersants and/or foam-forming agents.
- surface-active agents i.e. emulsifiers and/or dispersants and/or foam-forming agents.
- organic solvents can also be used as co-solvents.
- liquid solvents aromatics such as xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalenes; chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes, or methylene chloride; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, e.g., petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils; alcohols such as butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, or cyclohexanone; strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide; and water.
- aromatics such as xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalenes
- chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes, or methylene chloride
- Suitable solid carriers include: e.g. ammonium salts and natural mineral flours, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth and synthetic mineral flours, such as highly dispersed silica, aluminum oxide and silicates; suitable solid carriers for granules include: e.g.
- Suitable emulsifying and/or foam-forming agents include: e.g., non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, e.g., alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, and protein hydrolysates; suitable dispersing agents include: e.g., lignin sulfide waste liquors and methylcellulose.
- Adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic, powdered, granular, or latex-like polymers such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl acetate, as well as natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholipids, can be used in the formulations.
- Other additives may include mineral and vegetable oils.
- Dyes such as inorganic pigments, e.g. iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic dyes such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc can be used.
- the formulations generally contain between 0.1 and 95 percent by weight of components A, B, and C, preferably between 0.5 and 90 percent by weight.
- Components A, B, and C can be used as such or in their formulations, also in admixture with other agrochemical active ingredients, for controlling unwanted plant growth, e.g., for weed control or for controlling unwanted crops. Ready-to-use formulations or tank mixes are possible, for example. Mixtures with other known active ingredients such as fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, bird repellents, plant nutrients and soil improvers are also possible, as are additives and formulation aids commonly used in plant protection.
- Components A, B, and C can be used as such, in the form of their formulations, or in the application forms prepared from them by further dilution, such as ready-to-use solutions, suspensions, emulsions, powders, pastes, and granules. Application is typically by pouring, spraying, or scattering.
- Components A, B, and C can be applied to the plants, plant parts, or the cultivated area (soil), preferably to the green plants and plant parts and to the soil.
- One possible application is the joint application of the active ingredients in the form of tank mixes, whereby the formulated concentrated formulations of the individual active ingredients are mixed together with water in the tank, and the resulting spray mixture is applied.
- the commercially available formulations are diluted in the usual way, e.g., with water for wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dispersions, and water-dispersible granules. Dust-like preparations, soil or broadcast granules, and sprayable solutions are not usually diluted with additional inert substances prior to application.
- the trials were conducted in a sugarcane stand approximately 4 years old, corresponding to a medium-aged sugarcane stand in Brazil.
- the herbicide was applied using spray nozzles and compressed air as an overhead foliar application in sugarcane approximately 1.7 m tall.
- Alion SC500 indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l was used for the spraying alone or in a mixture with isoxadifen (formulated as WG50) or furilazole (formulated as EC 100) and applied according to the table below, together with 2 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate and 2 l/ha of methylated soybean oil for a total application rate of 200 l/ha.
- Alion SC500 indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l was used alone or in a mixture with isoxadifen (formulated as WG50) and applied according to the table below, along with 2 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate and 2 l/ha of methylated soybean oil for a total application rate of 200 l/ha.
- a third trial was conducted in a sugarcane crop approximately 3 years old, similar to a medium-aged sugarcane crop in Brazil.
- the herbicide application was carried out using spray nozzles and compressed air as an overhead foliar application in approximately 1.7 m tall sugarcane.
- Alion SC500 indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l
- isoxadifen formulated as WG50
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Abstract
Description
Herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend Indaziflam und Safener Herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam and safener
Beschreibung Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft agrochemisch wirksame herbizide Zusammensetzungen sowie deren Verwendung zur Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen. The present invention relates to agrochemically active herbicidal compositions and their use for controlling weeds.
Speziell betrifft sie agrochemisch wirksame herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend Indaziflam, einen Safener und gegebenenfalls Tembotrione. Diese herbiziden Zusammensetzungen sind zur Bekämpfung unerwünschter Schadpflanzen in Zuckerrohr- und Mais-Kulturen besonders gut geeignet. Specifically, it relates to agrochemically active herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam, a safener, and optionally tembotrione. These herbicidal compositions are particularly suitable for controlling unwanted weeds in sugarcane and maize crops.
Aus dem Stand der Technik, z.B. WO 2004/069814 Al und Plant Physiology, Volume 166, Issue 3, November 2014, Pages 1132-1148, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.114.241992, ist Indaziflam als nichtselektives Herbizid bekannt, d.h. es verursacht an Kulturpflanzen hohe Schäden. Aus WO 2006/007947 Al sind agrochemisch wirksame herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend Indaziflam und weitere Herbizide bekannt. Jedoch ist die Verträglichkeit der Indaziflam enthaltenden bekannten herbiziden Zusammensetzungen gegenüber den Kulturpflanzen Mais und insbesondere Zuckerrohr nicht in allen Wuchsstadien der Kulturpflanze hinreichend. From the prior art, e.g., WO 2004/069814 A1 and Plant Physiology, Volume 166, Issue 3, November 2014, Pages 1132-1148, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.114.241992, indaziflam is known to be a non-selective herbicide, i.e., it causes severe damage to crops. Agrochemically active herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam and other herbicides are known from WO 2006/007947 A1. However, the tolerance of the known herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam to the crops maize and, in particular, sugarcane is not sufficient at all growth stages of the crop.
Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung bestand in der Bereitstellung von herbiziden Zusammensetzungen, die bei hinreichender herbizider Wirkung auch eine gute Verträglichkeit gegenüber den Kulturpflanzen Mais und Zuckerrohr aufweisen. The object of the present invention was to provide herbicidal compositions which, while having sufficient herbicidal activity, also have good compatibility with the crop plants maize and sugar cane.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend Indaziflam, einen Safener aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Isoxadifen-ethyl und Furilazol, sowie gegebenenfalls Tembotrione, Mesotrione oder Isoxaflutole, bei hinreichender herbizider Wirkung auch eine gute Verträglichkeit gegenüber den Kulturpflanzen Mais und Zuckerrohr aufweisen. It has now been found that herbicidal compositions containing indaziflam, a safener selected from the group consisting of isoxadifen-ethyl and furilazole, and optionally tembotrione, mesotrione or isoxaflutole, have a sufficient herbicidal effect and are also well tolerated by the crops maize and sugar cane.
Gegenstand vorliegender Erfindung sind somit herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend The present invention thus relates to herbicidal compositions containing
A) Indaziflam A) Indaziflam
(Komponente A), (Component A),
B) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus (Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl und (B2) Furilazol, B) a compound selected from the group consisting of (Bl) isoxadifen-ethyl and (B2) Furilazole,
(Komponente B). (Component B).
Ein weiterer Gegenstand vorliegender Erfindung sind auch herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltendThe present invention also relates to herbicidal compositions containing
A) Indaziflam A) Indaziflam
(Komponente A), (Component A),
B) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus B) a compound from the group consisting of
(Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl und (Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl and
(B2) Furilazol, (B2) Furilazole,
(Komponente B) sowie (component B) and
C) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus C) a compound from the group consisting of
(CI) Tembotrione, (CI) Tembotrione,
(C2) Mesotrione und (C2) Mesotrione and
(C3) Isoxaflutole (C3) Isoxaflutole
(Komponente C). (Component C).
Von besonderem Interesse sind herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend die Komponenten: Of particular interest are herbicidal compositions containing the components:
(A) + (Bl), (A) + (B2), (A) + (Bl) + (CI) und (A) + (B2) + (CI). (A) + (Bl), (A) + (B2), (A) + (Bl) + (CI) and (A) + (B2) + (CI).
Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen können zusätzlich weitere Komponenten, beispielsweise Pflanzenschutzmittelwirkstoffe anderer Art und/oder im Pflanzenschutz übliche Zusatzstoffe und/oder Formulierungshilfsmittel, enthalten oder zusammen mit diesen eingesetzt werden. Dazu eignen sich insbesondere die Wirkstoffe Metribuzin, Atrazin, Terbuthylazine, Amicarbazone, Tebuthiron, Clomazone und Hexazinone. The herbicidal compositions according to the invention may additionally contain or be used together with other components, for example, other types of crop protection active ingredients and/or additives and/or formulation auxiliaries commonly used in crop protection. The active ingredients metribuzin, atrazine, terbuthylazine, amicarbazone, tebuthirone, clomazone, and hexazinone are particularly suitable for this purpose.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand vorliegender Erfindung sind auch herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltendThe present invention also relates to herbicidal compositions containing
A) Indaziflam A) Indaziflam
(Komponente A), (Component A),
B) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus B) a compound from the group consisting of
(Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl und (Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl and
(B2) Furilazol, (B2) Furilazole,
(Komponente B), (Component B),
C) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus C) a compound from the group consisting of
(CI) Tembotrione, (CI) Tembotrione,
(C2) Mesotrione und (C3) Isoxaflutole (C2) Mesotrione and (C3) Isoxaflutole
(Komponente C), sowie (component C), as well as
D) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus D) a compound from the group consisting of
(Dl) Metribuzin, (Dl) Metribuzin,
(D2) Atrazin, (D2) Atrazine,
(D3) Terbuthylazine, (D3) Terbuthylazine,
(D4) Amicarbazone, (D4) Amicarbazone,
(D5) Tebuthiron, (D5) Tebuthirone,
(D6) Clomazone und (D6) Clomazone and
(D7) Hexazinone (D7) Hexazinones
(Komponente D). (Component D).
Die vorstehend genannten Verbindungen sind beispielsweise aus "The Pesticide Manual", 16th edition, The British Crop Protection Council and the Royal Soc. of Chemistry, 2012 bekannt. The compounds mentioned above are known, for example, from "The Pesticide Manual", 16th edition, The British Crop Protection Council and the Royal Soc. of Chemistry, 2012.
Ausgewählte Gegenstände der Offenbarung sind insbesondere: Selected subjects of the disclosure are in particular:
1. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend 1. Herbicidal compositions containing
A) Indaziflam und A) Indaziflam and
B) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus B) a compound from the group consisting of
(Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl und (Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl and
(B2) Furilazol. (B2) Furilazole.
2. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend 2. Herbicidal compositions containing
A) Indaziflam, A) Indaziflam,
B) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus B) a compound from the group consisting of
(Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl, (Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl,
(B2) Furilazol, sowie (B2) Furilazole, and
C) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus C) a compound from the group consisting of
(CI) Tembotrione, (CI) Tembotrione,
(C2) Mesotrione und (C2) Mesotrione and
(C3) Isoxaflutole (C3) Isoxaflutole
(Komponente C). (Component C).
3. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen nach Gegenstand 1 enthaltend 3. Herbicidal compositions according to item 1 containing
A) Indaziflam und A) Indaziflam and
B) Isoxadifen-ethyl. 4. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen nach Gegenstand 1 enthaltend B) Isoxadifen-ethyl. 4. Herbicidal compositions according to item 1 containing
A) Indaziflam, A) Indaziflam,
B) Isoxadifen-ethyl und B) Isoxadifen-ethyl and
C) Tembotrione. C) Tembotrione.
5. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen nach Gegenstand 1 enthaltend 5. Herbicidal compositions according to item 1 containing
A) Indaziflam, A) Indaziflam,
B) Furilazol und B) Furilazole and
C) Tembotrione. C) Tembotrione.
6. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen enthaltend 6. Herbicidal compositions containing
A) Indaziflam (Komponente A), A) Indaziflam (component A),
B) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus B) a compound from the group consisting of
(Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl und (Bl) Isoxadifen-ethyl and
(B2) Furilazol, (B2) Furilazole,
(Komponente B), (Component B),
C) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus C) a compound from the group consisting of
(CI) Tembotrione, (CI) Tembotrione,
(C2) Mesotrione und (C2) Mesotrione and
(C3) Isoxaflutole (C3) Isoxaflutole
(Komponente C), sowie (component C), as well as
D) eine Verbindung aus der Gruppe bestehend aus D) a compound from the group consisting of
(Dl) Metribuzin, (Dl) Metribuzin,
(D2) Atrazin, (D2) Atrazine,
(D3) Terbuthylazine, (D3) Terbuthylazine,
(D4) Amicarbazone, (D4) Amicarbazone,
(D5) Tebuthiron, (D5) Tebuthirone,
(D6) Clomazone und (D6) Clomazone and
(D7) Hexazinone (D7) Hexazinones
(Komponente D). (Component D).
7. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen gemäß einem der Gegenstände 1 bis 6 in Mischung mit Formulierungshilfsmitteln. 8. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen gemäß einem der Gegenstände 1 bis 7 enthaltend mindestens einen weiteren pestizid wirksamen Stoff aus der Gruppe Insektizide, Akarizide, Herbizide, Fungizide, Safener und Wachstumsregulatoren. 7. Herbicidal compositions according to any one of items 1 to 6 in a mixture with formulation aids. 8. Herbicidal compositions according to any one of items 1 to 7 comprising at least one further pesticidally active substance from the group consisting of insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, fungicides, safeners and growth regulators.
9. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen gemäß einem der Gegenstände 1 bis 5 enthaltend die Komponenten A und B in einem Verhältnis von 1:5 bis 1: 1, die Komponenten (A+B) und C in einem Verhältnis von 1:2 bis 2: 1, sowie die Komponenten (A+B+C) zu D in einem Verhältnis von 1:50 bis 3,5: 1. 9. Herbicidal compositions according to any one of items 1 to 5 comprising components A and B in a ratio of 1:5 to 1:1, components (A+B) and C in a ratio of 1:2 to 2:1, and components (A+B+C) to D in a ratio of 1:50 to 3.5:1.
10. Herbizide Zusammensetzungen gemäß einem der Gegenstände 1 bis 5 enthaltend die Komponenten A und B in einem Verhältnis von 1: 1,5 bis 1,5: 1, die Komponenten (A+B) und C in einem Verhältnis von 1: 1,5 bis 1,5: 1, sowie die Komponenten (A+B+C) zu D in einem Verhältnis von 1:30 bis 1,5: 1. 10. Herbicidal compositions according to any one of items 1 to 5 comprising components A and B in a ratio of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, components (A+B) and C in a ratio of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1, and components (A+B+C) to D in a ratio of 1:30 to 1.5:1.
11. Verfahren zur Bekämpfung unerwünschter Pflanzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine herbizide Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der Gegenstände 1 bis 10 auf die Pflanzen oder auf den Ort des unerwünschten Pflanzenwachstums appliziert. 11. A method for controlling undesirable plants, characterized in that a herbicidal composition according to one of items 1 to 10 is applied to the plants or to the site of undesirable plant growth.
12. Verfahren nach Gegenstand 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bekämpfung unerwünschter Pflanzen in Kulturen von Mais oder Zuckerrohr erfolgt. 12. Method according to item 11, characterized in that the control of undesirable plants takes place in crops of maize or sugar cane.
Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen zeigen nicht nur eine ausreichende herbizide Wirkung gegenüber einer Vielzahl von typischerweise in Mais- oder Zuckerrohrplantagen vorkommenden Schadpflanzen, sondern überraschenderweise auch entweder keine oder eine geringere Phythotoxizität gegenüber den Kulturpflanzen Mais und Zuckerrohr. The herbicidal compositions according to the invention not only show a sufficient herbicidal effect against a large number of weeds typically occurring in maize or sugar cane plantations, but surprisingly also either no or lower phytotoxicity towards the crop plants maize and sugar cane.
Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen können auf dem Fachmann bekannte Weise angewendet werden, beispielsweise gemeinsam (beispielsweise als Co-Formulierung oder als Tank- Mischung) oder auch zeitlich kurz hintereinander versetzt (Splitting), z.B. auf die Pflanzen, Pflanzenteile, Pflanzensamen oder die Fläche, auf der die Pflanzen wachsen. Möglich ist z.B. die Anwendung der Einzelwirkstoffe oder der herbiziden Zusammensetzungen in mehreren Portionen (Sequenzanwendung), z. B. nach Anwendungen im Vorauflauf, gefolgt von Nachauflauf-Applikationen oder nach frühen Nachauflaufanwendungen, gefolgt von Applikationen im mittleren oder späten Nachauflauf. Bevorzugt ist dabei die gemeinsame oder die zeitnahe Anwendung der Komponenten A, B, C und D. Ebenso bevorzugt ist die Anwendung der Komponente B im Saatbeizverfahren und die gemeinsame oder zeitnahe Anwendung der Komponenten A, C und D. In den erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen beträgt die Aufwandmenge der Komponente A üblicherweise 5 bis 100 g Aktivsusbstanz (a. i.) pro Hektar, bevorzugt 10 bis 75 g a. i./ha, insbesondere bevorzugt 15 bis 50 g a. i./ha. The herbicidal compositions according to the invention can be applied in a manner known to those skilled in the art, for example together (for example as a co-formulation or as a tank mix) or also in quick succession (splitting), e.g. to the plants, plant parts, plant seeds or the area on which the plants are growing. It is possible, for example, to apply the individual active ingredients or the herbicidal compositions in several portions (sequential application), e.g. after pre-emergence applications, followed by post-emergence applications or after early post-emergence applications, followed by mid- or late post-emergence applications. Preference is given to the joint or timely application of components A, B, C and D. Equally preferred is the use of component B in the seed dressing method and the joint or timely application of components A, C and D. In the herbicidal compositions according to the invention, the application rate of component A is usually 5 to 100 g of active substance (ai) per hectare, preferably 10 to 75 g ai/ha, particularly preferably 15 to 50 g ai/ha.
Die Aufwandmenge von Komponente B beträgt üblicherweise 5 bis 150 g Aktivsubstanz pro Hektar, bevorzugt 10 bis 100 g a. i./ha, insbesondere bevorzugt 20 bis 60 g a. i./ha. The application rate of component B is usually 5 to 150 g of active ingredient per hectare, preferably 10 to 100 g a. i./ha, particularly preferably 20 to 60 g a. i./ha.
Die Aufwandmenge von Komponente C beträgt üblicherweise 10 bis 200 g Aktivsubstanz pro Hektar, bevorzugt 20 bis 150 g a. i./ha, insbesondere bevorzugt 30 bis 120 g a. i./ha. The application rate of component C is usually 10 to 200 g of active substance per hectare, preferably 20 to 150 g a. i./ha, particularly preferably 30 to 120 g a. i./ha.
Die Aufwandmenge von Komponente D beträgt üblicherweise 50 bis 3000 g Aktivsubstanz pro Hektar, bevorzugt 100 bis 2000 g a. i./ha, insbesondere bevorzugt 300 bis 1600 g a. i./ha. The application rate of component D is usually 50 to 3000 g of active substance per hectare, preferably 100 to 2000 g a. i./ha, particularly preferably 300 to 1600 g a. i./ha.
Die Gewichtsverhältnisse der Komponenten A zu B einerseits und (A+B) zu C andererseits können in weiten Bereichen variiert werden. Üblicherweise hegt das Mengenverhältnis der Komponenten A zu B im Bereich von 1:5 bis 1: 1, bevorzugt im Bereich von 1: 1,5 bis 1,5: 1. Üblicherweise liegt das Mengenverhältnis der Komponenten (A+B) zu C im Bereich von 1:2 bis 2: 1, bevorzugt im Bereich von 1: 1,5 bis 1,5: 1. Üblicherweise liegt das Mengenverhältnis der Komponenten (A+B+C) zu D im Bereich von 1:50 bis 3,5: 1, bevorzugt im Bereich von 1:30 bis 1,5: 1. The weight ratios of components A to B on the one hand and (A+B) to C on the other hand can be varied within wide ranges. Typically, the ratio of components A to B is in the range of 1:5 to 1:1, preferably in the range of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1. Typically, the ratio of components (A+B) to C is in the range of 1:2 to 2:1, preferably in the range of 1:1.5 to 1.5:1. Typically, the ratio of components (A+B+C) to D is in the range of 1:50 to 3.5:1, preferably in the range of 1:30 to 1.5:1.
Optimale Gewichtsverhältnisse können vom jeweiligen Applikationsgebiet, Unkrautspektrum und der eingesetzten Wirkstoffkombination abhängen und in Vorversuchen bestimmt werden. Optimal weight ratios may depend on the respective application area, weed spectrum and the active ingredient combination used and may be determined in preliminary tests.
Bei Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen wird im Vor- und Nachauflaufverfahren ein sehr breites Spektrum an Schadpflanzen bekämpft, z.B. annuellen und perennierenden mono- oder dikotylen Unkräutern sowie an unerwünschten Kulturpflanzen. Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen eignen sich besonders zum Einsatz in Kulturen wie Mais und Zuckerrohr. Ebenso eigenen sie sich sehr gut für den Einsatz in transgenen Kulturen von Mais. Die Anwendung kann bei einer Ausführungsform dabei im Vor- und Nachauflaufverfahren bezogen auf die Schadpflanze, also entweder vor oder nach Keimung oder Austreiben der Schadpflanze erfolgen.When the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are applied pre- and post-emergence, a very broad spectrum of weeds is controlled, e.g., annual and perennial monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous weeds, as well as undesirable crops. The herbicidal compositions according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in crops such as maize and sugarcane. They are also very well suited for use in transgenic maize crops. In one embodiment, application can be carried out pre- and post-emergence with respect to the weed, i.e., either before or after germination or sprouting of the weed.
Die Anwendung kann bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform im Vor- und Nachauflaufverfahren bezogen auf die Kulturpflanze, also entweder vor oder nach Keimung oder Austreiben der Kulturpflanze, bevorzugt Mais oder Zuckerrohr erfolgen. In a further embodiment, the application can be carried out in the pre- and post-emergence method with respect to the crop, i.e. either before or after germination or sprouting of the crop, preferably maize or sugar cane.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist somit weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von unerwünschten Pflanzen in Pflanzenkulturen von Mais und Zuckerrohr, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Komponenten A, B, C und D der erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen auf die Pflanzen (z.B. Schadpflanzen wie mono- oder dikotyle Unkräuter oder unerwünschte Kulturpflanzen), oder die Fläche, auf der die Pflanzen wachsen ausgebracht werden, z.B. gemeinsam oder getrennt. Unter unerwünschten Pflanzen sind alle Pflanzen zu verstehen, die an Orten wachsen, wo sie unerwünscht sind. Dies können z.B. Schadpflanzen (z.B. mono- oder dikotyle Unkräuter oder unerwünschte Kulturpflanzen) sein. The present invention thus further relates to a method for controlling undesirable plants in crops of maize and sugar cane, which is characterized in that components A, B, C and D of the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are applied to the plants (e.g. harmful plants such as mono- or dicotyledonous weeds or undesirable crop plants) or the area on which the plants grow, e.g. together or separately. Unwanted plants are defined as all plants that grow in places where they are undesirable. These can include harmful plants (e.g., monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous weeds or undesirable crop plants).
Monokotyle Unkräuter entstammen z.B. den Gattungen Echinochloa, Setaria, Panicum, Digitaria, Phleum, Poa, Festuca, Eleusine, Brachiaria, Lolium, Bromus, Avena, Cyperus, Sorghum, Agropyron, Cynodon, Monochoria, Fimbristylis, Sagittaria, Eleocharis, Scirpus, Paspalum, Ischaemum, Sphenoclea, Dactyloctenium, Agrostis, Alopecurus, Apera. Dikotyle Unkräuter entstammen z.B. den Gattungen Sinapis, Lepidium, Galium, Stellaria, Matricaria, Anthemis, Galinsoga, Chenopodium, Urtica, Senecio, Amaranthus, Portulaca, Xanthium, Convolvulus, Ipomoea, Polygonum, Sesbania, Ambrosia, Cirsium, Carduus, Sonchus, Solanum, Rorippa, Rotala, Lindemia, Lamium, Veronica, Abutilon, Emex, Datura, Viola, Galeopsis, Papaver, Centaurea, Trifolium, Ranunculus, Taraxacum, Euphorbia. Monocotyledonous weeds come, for example, from the genera Echinochloa, Setaria, Panicum, Digitaria, Phleum, Poa, Festuca, Eleusine, Brachiaria, Lolium, Bromus, Avena, Cyperus, Sorghum, Agropyron, Cynodon, Monochoria, Fimbristylis, Sagittaria, Eleocharis, Scirpus, Paspalum, Ischaemum, Sphenoclea, Dactyloctenium, Agrostis, Alopecurus, Apera. Dicotyledonous weeds come, for example, from the genera Sinapis, Lepidium, Galium, Stellaria, Matricaria, Anthemis, Galinsoga, Chenopodium, Urtica, Senecio, Amaranthus, Portulaca, Xanthium, Convolvulus, Ipomoea, Polygonum, Sesbania, Ambrosia, Cirsium, Carduus, Sonchus, Solanum, Rorippa, Rotala, Lindemia, Lamium, Veronica, Abutilon, Emex, Datura, Viola, Galeopsis, Papaver, Centaurea, Trifolium, Ranunculus, Taraxacum, Euphorbia.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen zur Bekämpfung von unerwünschtem Pflanzenwuchs, vorzugsweise in Kulturen von Nutzpflanzen, insbesondere Mais und Zuckerrohr. Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung in Zuckerrohr. The invention also relates to the use of the herbicidal compositions according to the invention for controlling undesirable plant growth, preferably in crops of useful plants, in particular maize and sugar cane. Use in sugar cane is very particularly preferred.
Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen können nach bekannten Verfahren z.B. als Mischformulierungen der Einzelkomponenten, auch mit weiteren Wirkstoffen, Zusatzstoffen und/oder üblichen Formulierungshilfsmitteln hergestellt werden, die dann in üblicher Weise mit Wasser verdünnt zur Anwendung gebracht werden, oder als sogenannte Tankmischungen durch gemeinsame Verdünnung der getrennt formulierten Einzelkomponenten mit Wasser hergestellt werden. Ebenfalls möglich ist die zeitlich versetzte Anwendung (Splitapplikation) der getrennt formulierten oder partiell getrennt formulierten Einzelkomponenten. Möglich ist auch die Anwendung der Einzelkomponenten oder der herbiziden Zusammensetzungen in mehreren Portionen (Sequenzanwendung), z. B. nach Anwendungen im Vorauflauf, gefolgt von Nachauflauf-Applikationen oder nach frühen Nachauflaufanwendungen, gefolgt von Applikationen im mittleren oder späten Nachauflauf. Bevorzugt ist dabei die gemeinsame oder die zeitnahe Anwendung der Wirkstoffe der jeweiligen Kombination. The herbicidal compositions according to the invention can be prepared by known processes, e.g. as mixed formulations of the individual components, also with other active ingredients, additives and/or customary formulation auxiliaries, which are then applied diluted with water in the usual way, or as so-called tank mixes by jointly diluting the separately formulated individual components with water. Staggered application (split application) of the separately formulated or partially separately formulated individual components is also possible. It is also possible to apply the individual components or the herbicidal compositions in several portions (sequential application), e.g. after pre-emergence applications, followed by post-emergence applications, or after early post-emergence applications, followed by mid- or late post-emergence applications. Preference is given to the joint or prompt application of the active ingredients of the respective combination.
Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen können auch zur Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen in Kulturen von bekannten gentechnisch veränderten Pflanzen eingesetzt werden. The herbicidal compositions according to the invention can also be used to control harmful plants in crops of known genetically modified plants.
Die transgenen Pflanzen zeichnen sich in der Regel durch besondere vorteilhafte Eigenschaften aus, beispielsweise durch Resistenzen gegenüber bestimmten Pestiziden, vor allem bestimmten Herbiziden, Resistenzen gegenüber Pflanzenkrankheiten oder Erregern von Pflanzenkrankheiten wie bestimmten Insekten oder Mikroorganismen wie Pilzen, Bakterien oder Viren. Andere besondere Eigenschaften betreffen z. B. das Emtegut hinsichtlich Menge, Qualität, Lagerfähigkeit, Zusammensetzung und spezieller Inhaltsstoffe. So sind transgene Pflanzen mit erhöhtem Stärkegehalt oder veränderter Qualität der Stärke oder solche mit anderer Fettsäurezusammensetzung des Emteguts bekannt. Weitere besondere Eigenschaften können in einer Toleranz oder Resistenz gegen abiotische Stressoren z. B. Hitze, Kälte, Trockenheit, Salz und ultraviolette Strahlung liegen. Transgenic plants are generally characterized by particularly advantageous traits, such as resistance to certain pesticides, especially certain herbicides, resistance to plant diseases or pathogens such as certain insects or microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, or viruses. Other special traits These include, for example, changes to the harvested crop in terms of quantity, quality, storability, composition, and specific ingredients. Transgenic plants with increased starch content or altered starch quality, or those with a different fatty acid composition of the harvested crop, are known. Other special properties may include tolerance or resistance to abiotic stressors such as heat, cold, drought, salt, and ultraviolet radiation.
Herkömmliche Wege zur Herstellung neuer Pflanzen, die im Vergleich zu bisher vorkommenden Pflanzen modifizierte Eigenschaften aufweisen, bestehen beispielsweise in klassischen Züchtungsverfahren und der Erzeugung von Mutanten. Alternativ können neue Pflanzen mit veränderten Eigenschaften mit Hilfe gentechnischer Verfahren erzeugt werden (siehe z. B. EP-A-0221044, EP-A- 0131624). Beschrieben wurden beispielsweise in mehreren Fällen gentechnische Veränderungen von Kulturpflanzen zwecks Modifikation der in den Pflanzen synthetisierten Stärke (z. B. WO 92/11376, WO 92/14827, WO 91/19806), transgene Kulturpflanzen, welche gegen bestimmte Herbizide vom Typ Glufosinate (vgl. z. B. EP-A-0242236, EP-A-242246) oder Glyphosate (WO 92/00377) oder der Sulfonylharnstoffe (EP-A-0257993, US-A-5013659) resistent sind, transgene Kulturpflanzen, beispielsweise Baumwolle, mit der Fähigkeit Bacillus thuringiensis- Toxine (Bt-Toxine) zu produzieren, welche die Pflanzen gegen bestimmte Schädlinge resistent machen (EP-A-0142924, EP-A-0193259). transgene Kulturpflanzen mit modifizierter Fettsäurezusammensetzung (WO 91/13972). gentechnisch veränderte Kulturpflanzen mit neuen Inhalts- oder Sekundärstoffen z. B. neuen Phytoalexinen, die eine erhöhte Krankheitsresistenz verursachen (EPA 309862, EPA0464461) gentechnisch veränderte Pflanzen mit reduzierter Photorespiration, die höhere Erträge und höhere Stresstoleranz aufweisen (EPA 0305398). Conventional approaches to producing new plants with modified traits compared to existing plants include classical breeding methods and the creation of mutants. Alternatively, new plants with modified traits can be created using genetic engineering techniques (see, for example, EP-A-0221044, EP-A-0131624). For example, several cases have been described of genetic modifications of crop plants for the purpose of modifying the starch synthesized in the plants (e.g. WO 92/11376, WO 92/14827, WO 91/19806), transgenic crop plants which are resistant to certain herbicides of the glufosinate type (cf. e.g. EP-A-0242236, EP-A-242246) or glyphosate (WO 92/00377) or sulfonylureas (EP-A-0257993, US-A-5013659), transgenic crop plants, for example cotton, with the ability to produce Bacillus thuringiensis toxins (Bt toxins), which make the plants resistant to certain pests (EP-A-0142924, EP-A-0193259). Transgenic crops with modified fatty acid composition (WO 91/13972). Genetically modified crops with new components or secondary metabolites, e.g., new phytoalexins, that cause increased disease resistance (EPA 309862, EPA0464461). Genetically modified plants with reduced photorespiration that exhibit higher yields and greater stress tolerance (EPA 0305398).
Transgene Kulturpflanzen, die pharmazeutisch oder diagnostisch wichtige Proteine produzieren („molecular pharming“) transgene Kulturpflanzen, die sich durch höhere Erträge oder bessere Qualität auszeichnen transgene Kulturpflanzen die sich durch eine Kombinationen z. B. der o. g. neuen Eigenschaften auszeichnen („gene stacking“) Transgenic crops that produce pharmaceutically or diagnostically important proteins (“molecular pharming”); transgenic crops that are characterized by higher yields or better quality; transgenic crops that are characterized by a combination of, for example, the above-mentioned new traits (“gene stacking”)
Zahlreiche molekularbiologische Techniken, mit denen neue transgene Pflanzen mit veränderten Eigenschaften hergestellt werden können, sind im Prinzip bekannt; siehe z. B. I. Potrykus und G. Spangenberg (eds.) Gene Transfer to Plants, Springer Lab Manual (1995), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, oder Christen, "Trends in Plant Science" 1 (1996) 423-431). Für derartige gentechnische Manipulationen können Nucleinsäuremoleküle in Plasmide eingebracht werden, die eine Mutagenese oder eine Sequenzveränderung durch Rekombination von DNA- Sequenzen erlauben. Mit Hilfe von Standardverfahren können z. B. Basenaustausche vorgenommen, Teilsequenzen entfernt oder natürliche oder synthetische Sequenzen hinzugefügt werden. Für die Verbindung der DNA-Fragmente untereinander können an die Fragmente Adaptoren oder Linker angesetzt werden, siehe z. B. Sambrook et al., 1989, Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2. Aufl. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY; oder Winnacker "Gene und Klone", VCH Weinheim 2. Auflage 1996 Numerous molecular biological techniques for producing new transgenic plants with modified traits are known in principle; see, for example, BI Potrykus and G. Spangenberg (eds.) Gene Transfer to Plants, Springer Lab Manual (1995), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, or Christen, "Trends in Plant Science" 1 (1996) 423-431). For such genetic manipulations, nucleic acid molecules can be introduced into plasmids, allowing mutagenesis or sequence modification through recombination of DNA sequences. Using standard procedures, base substitutions can be performed, partial sequences removed, or natural or synthetic sequences added. Adapters or linkers can be attached to the DNA fragments to connect them together. See, for example, Sambrook et al., 1989, Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY; or Winnacker, "Genes and Clones," VCH Weinheim, 2nd ed., 1996.
Die Herstellung von Pflanzenzellen mit einer verringerten Aktivität eines Genprodukts kann beispielsweise erzielt werden durch die Expression mindestens einer entsprechenden antisense-RNA, einer sense-RNA zur Erzielung eines Cosuppressionseffektes oder die Expression mindestens eines entsprechend konstruierten Ribozyms, das spezifisch Transkripte des obengenannten Genprodukts spaltet. The production of plant cells with a reduced activity of a gene product can be achieved, for example, by the expression of at least one corresponding antisense RNA, a sense RNA to achieve a cosuppression effect or the expression of at least one appropriately constructed ribozyme that specifically cleaves transcripts of the above-mentioned gene product.
Hierzu können zum einen DNA-Moleküle verwendet werden, die die gesamte codierende Sequenz eines Genprodukts einschließlich eventuell vorhandener flankierender Sequenzen umfassen, als auch DNA- Moleküle, die nur Teile der codierenden Sequenz umfassen, wobei diese Teile lang genug sein müssen, um in den Zellen einen antisense-Effekt zu bewirken. Möglich ist auch die Verwendung von DNA- Sequenzen, die einen hohen Grad an Homologie zu den kodiereden Sequenzen eines Genprodukts aufweisen, aber nicht vollkommen identisch sind. For this purpose, DNA molecules can be used that contain the entire coding sequence of a gene product, including any flanking sequences present, or DNA molecules that contain only parts of the coding sequence. These parts must be long enough to produce an antisense effect in the cells. It is also possible to use DNA sequences that exhibit a high degree of homology to the coding sequences of a gene product, but are not completely identical.
Bei der Expression von Nukleinsäuremolekülen in Pflanzen kann das synthetisierte Protein in jedem beliebigen Kompartiment der pflanzlichen Zelle lokalisiert sein. Um aber die Lokalisation in einem bestimmten Kompartiment zu erreichen, kann z. B. die codierende Region mit DNA-Sequenzen verknüpft werden, die die Lokalisierung in einem bestimmten Kompartiment gewährleisten. Derartige Sequenzen sind dem Fachmann bekannt (siehe beispielsweise Braun et al., EMBO J. 11 (1992), 3219- 3227; Wolter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 85 (1988), 846-850; Sonnewald et al., Plant J. 1 (1991), 95-106). Die Expression der Nukleinsäuremoleküle kann auch in den Organellen der Pflanzenzellen stattfmden. When nucleic acid molecules are expressed in plants, the synthesized protein can be localized in any compartment of the plant cell. However, to achieve localization in a specific compartment, the coding region can, for example, be linked to DNA sequences that ensure localization in a specific compartment. Such sequences are known to the person skilled in the art (see, for example, Braun et al., EMBO J. 11 (1992), 3219-3227; Wolter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85 (1988), 846-850; Sonnewald et al., Plant J. 1 (1991), 95-106). Expression of nucleic acid molecules can also take place in the organelles of plant cells.
Die transgenen Pflanzenzellen können nach bekannten Techniken zu ganzen Pflanzen regeneriert werden. Bei den transgenen Pflanzen kann es sich prinzipiell um Pflanzen jeder beliebigen Pflanzenspezies handeln, d.h., sowohl monokotyle als auch dikotyle Pflanzen. So sind transgene Pflanzen erhältlich, die veränderte Eigenschaften durch Überexpression, Suppression oder Inhibierung homologer (= natürlicher) Gene oder Gensequenzen oder Expression heterologer (= fremder) Gene oder Gensequenzen aufweisen. The transgenic plant cells can be regenerated into whole plants using known techniques. The transgenic plants can, in principle, be plants of any plant species, i.e., both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Transgenic plants are available that exhibit altered properties through overexpression, suppression or inhibition of homologous (= natural) genes or gene sequences or expression of heterologous (= foreign) genes or gene sequences.
Vorzugsweise können die erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen in transgenen Kulturen eingesetzt werden, welche gegen Wuchsstoffe, wie z. B. Dicamba oder gegen Herbizide, die essentielle Pflanzenenzyme, z. B. Acetolactatsynthasen (ALS), EPSP Synthasen, Glutaminsynthasen (GS) oder Hydroxyphenylpyruvat Dioxygenasen (HPPD) hemmen, respektive gegen Herbizide aus der Gruppe der Sulfonylharnstoffe, der Glyphosate, Glufosinate oder Benzoylisoxazole und analogen Wirkstoffe, resistent sind. The compositions according to the invention can preferably be used in transgenic crops which are resistant to growth promoters, such as dicamba, or to herbicides which inhibit essential plant enzymes, e.g. acetolactate synthases (ALS), EPSP synthases, glutamine synthases (GS) or hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenases (HPPD), or to herbicides from the group of sulfonylureas, glyphosates, glufosinates or benzoyl isoxazoles and analogous active ingredients.
Bei der Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen in transgenen Kulturen treten neben den in anderen Kulturen zu beobachtenden Wirkungen gegenüber Schadpflanzen oftmals Wirkungen auf, die für die Applikation in der jeweiligen transgenen Kultur spezifisch sind, beispielsweise ein verändertes oder speziell erweitertes Unkrautspektrum, das bekämpft werden kann, veränderte Aufwandmengen, die für die Applikation eingesetzt werden können, vorzugsweise gute Kombinierbarkeit mit den Herbiziden, gegenüber denen die transgene Kultur resistent ist, sowie Beeinflussung von Wuchs und Ertrag der transgenen Kulturpflanzen. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist deshalb auch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen zur Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen in transgenen Kulturpflanzen. When the compositions according to the invention are used in transgenic crops, in addition to the effects against weeds observed in other crops, effects often occur that are specific to the application in the respective transgenic crop, for example a modified or specifically expanded weed spectrum that can be controlled, modified application rates that can be used for application, preferably good combinability with the herbicides to which the transgenic crop is resistant, and influencing the growth and yield of the transgenic crops. The invention therefore also relates to the use of the compositions according to the invention for controlling weeds in transgenic crops.
Bevorzugt ist die Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen in wirtschaftlich bedeutenden transgenen Kulturen von Mais und Zuckerrohr. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist deshalb auch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen zur Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen in transgenen Kulturpflanzen oder Kulturpflanzen, die Toleranz durch Selektionszüchtung aufweisen. The use of the compositions according to the invention is preferred in economically important transgenic crops of maize and sugarcane. The invention therefore also relates to the use of the compositions according to the invention for controlling weeds in transgenic crops or crops that exhibit tolerance through selective breeding.
Die Komponenten A, B und C können gemeinsam oder getrennt in übliche Formulierungen z.B. zur Sprüh-, Gieß- und Spritzanwendung übergeführt werden, wie Lösungen, Emulsionen, Suspensionen, Pulver, Schäume, Pasten, Granulate, Aerosole, Wirkstoff-imprägnierte Natur- und synthetische Stoffe, Feinstverkapselungen in polymeren Stoffen. Die Formulierungen können die üblichen Hilfs- und Zusatzstoffe enthalten. Components A, B, and C can be converted together or separately into conventional formulations, e.g., for spraying, pouring, and spraying applications, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, pastes, granules, aerosols, active ingredient-impregnated natural and synthetic materials, and microencapsulations in polymeric materials. The formulations may contain the usual excipients and additives.
Diese Formulierungen werden in bekannterWeise hergestellt, z.B. durch Vermischen der Komponenten A, B und C mit Streckmitteln, also flüssigen Lösungsmitteln, unter Druck stehenden verflüssigten Gasen und/oder festen Trägerstoffen, gegebenenfalls unter Verwendung von oberflächenaktiven Mitteln, also Emulgiermitteln und/oder Dispergiermitteln und/oder schaumerzeugenden Mitteln. Im Falle der Benutzung von Wasser als Streckmittel könne z.B. auch organische Lösungsmittel als Hilfslösungsmittel verwendet werden. Als flüssige Lösungsmittel kommen im wesentlichen infrage: Aromaten, wie Xylol, Toluol, Alkylnaphthaline, chlorierte Aromaten oder chlorierte aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Chlorbenzole, Chlorethylene, oder Methylenchlorid, aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Cyclohexan oder Paraffine, z.B. Erdölfraktionen, mineralische und pflanzliche Öle, Alkohole, wie Butanol oder Glykol sowie deren Ether und Ester, Ketone, wie Aceton, Methylethylketon, Methylisobutylketon oder Cyclohexanon, stark polare Lösungsmittel, wie Dimethylformamid oder Dimethylsulfoxid, sowie Wasser. These formulations are prepared in a known manner, e.g. by mixing components A, B and C with extenders, i.e. liquid solvents, pressurized liquefied gases and/or solid carriers, optionally using surface-active agents, i.e. emulsifiers and/or dispersants and/or foam-forming agents. If water is used as an extender, organic solvents can also be used as co-solvents. The following are essentially suitable liquid solvents: aromatics such as xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalenes; chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes, or methylene chloride; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, e.g., petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils; alcohols such as butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, or cyclohexanone; strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide; and water.
Als feste Trägerstoffe kommen in Frage: z.B. Ammoniumsalze und natürliche Gesteinsmehle, wie Kaoline, Tonerden, Talkum, Kreide, Quarz, Attapulgit, Montmorillonit oder Diatomeenerde und synthetische Gesteinsmehle, wie hochdisperse Kieselsäure, Aluminiumoxid und Silikate; als feste Trägerstoffe für Granulate kommen in Frage: z.B. gebrochene und fraktionierte natürliche Gesteine wie Calcit, Marmor, Bims, Sepiolith, Dolomit sowie synthetische Granulate aus anorganischen und organischen Mehlen sowie Granulate aus organischem Material wie Sägemehl, Kokosnußschalen, Maiskolben und Tabakstengel; als Emulgier-und/oder schaumerzeugende Mittel kommen infrage: z.B. nicht ionogene und anionische Emulgatoren, wie Polyoxyethylen-Fettsäureester, Polyoxyethylen- Fettalkohol-Ether, z.B. Alkylarylpolyglykolether, Alkylsulfonate, Alkylsulfate, Arylsulfonate sowie Eiweißhydrolysate; als Dispergiermittel kommen infrage: z.B. Ligninsulfitablaugen und Methylcellulose. Suitable solid carriers include: e.g. ammonium salts and natural mineral flours, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth and synthetic mineral flours, such as highly dispersed silica, aluminum oxide and silicates; suitable solid carriers for granules include: e.g. crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite as well as synthetic granules made from inorganic and organic flours and granules made from organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs and tobacco stalks; Suitable emulsifying and/or foam-forming agents include: e.g., non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, e.g., alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, and protein hydrolysates; suitable dispersing agents include: e.g., lignin sulfide waste liquors and methylcellulose.
Es können in den Formulierungen Haftmittel wie Carboxymethylcellulose, natürliche und synthetische, pulverige, körnige oder latexförmige Polymere verwendet werden, wie Gummiarabicum, Polyvinylalkohol, Polyvinylacetat, sowie natürliche Phospholipide, wie Kephaline und Lecithine und synthetische Phospholipide. Weitere Additive können mineralische und vegetabile Öle sein. Adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic, powdered, granular, or latex-like polymers such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl acetate, as well as natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholipids, can be used in the formulations. Other additives may include mineral and vegetable oils.
Es können Farbstoffe wie anorganische Pigmente, z.B. Eisenoxid, Titanoxid, Ferrocyanblau und organische Farbstoffe, wie Alizarin-, Azo- und Metallphthalocyaninfarbstoffe und Spurennährstoffe wie Salze von Eisen, Mangan, Bor, Kupfer, Kobalt, Molybdän und Zink verwendet werden. Dyes such as inorganic pigments, e.g. iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic dyes such as alizarin, azo and metal phthalocyanine dyes and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc can be used.
Die Formulierungen enthalten im Allgemeinen zwischen 0, 1 und 95 Gewichtsprozent der Komponenten A, B und C, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,5 und 90 Gew.-%. Die Komponenten A, B und C können als solche oder in ihren Formulierungen auch in Mischung mit anderen agrochemischen Wirkstoffen zur Bekämpfung von unerwünschtem Pflanzenwuchs, z.B. zur Unkrautbekämpfung oder zur Bekämpfung von unerwünschten Kulturpflanzen Verwendung finden, wobei z.B. Fertigformulierungen oder Tankmischungen möglich sind. Auch Mischungen mit anderen bekannten Wirkstoffen wie Fungiziden, Insektiziden, Akariziden, Nematiziden, Schutzstoffen gegen Vogelfraß, Pflanzennährstoffen und Bodenstrukturverbesserungsmitteln sind möglich, ebenso mit im Pflanzenschutz üblichen Zusatzstoffen und Formulierungshilfsmitteln. The formulations generally contain between 0.1 and 95 percent by weight of components A, B, and C, preferably between 0.5 and 90 percent by weight. Components A, B, and C can be used as such or in their formulations, also in admixture with other agrochemical active ingredients, for controlling unwanted plant growth, e.g., for weed control or for controlling unwanted crops. Ready-to-use formulations or tank mixes are possible, for example. Mixtures with other known active ingredients such as fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, bird repellents, plant nutrients and soil improvers are also possible, as are additives and formulation aids commonly used in plant protection.
Die Komponenten A, B und C können als solche, in Form ihrer Formulierungen oder den daraus durch weiteres Verdünnen bereiteten Anwendungsformen, wie gebrauchsfertige Lösungen, Suspensionen, Emulsionen, Pulver, Pasten und Granulate angewandt werden. Die Anwendung geschieht üblicherweise, z.B. durch Gießen, Spritzen, Sprühen, Streuen. Components A, B, and C can be used as such, in the form of their formulations, or in the application forms prepared from them by further dilution, such as ready-to-use solutions, suspensions, emulsions, powders, pastes, and granules. Application is typically by pouring, spraying, or scattering.
Die Komponenten A, B und C können auf die Pflanzen, Pflanzenteile oder die Anbaufläche (Ackerboden) ausgebracht werden, vorzugsweise auf die grünen Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile und auf den Ackerboden. Eine Möglichkeit der Anwendung ist die gemeinsame Ausbringung der Wirkstoffe in Form von Tankmischungen, wobei die formulierten konzentrierten Formulierungen der Einzelwirkstoffe gemeinsam im Tank mit Wasser gemischt und die erhaltene Spritzbrühe ausgebracht wird. Components A, B, and C can be applied to the plants, plant parts, or the cultivated area (soil), preferably to the green plants and plant parts and to the soil. One possible application is the joint application of the active ingredients in the form of tank mixes, whereby the formulated concentrated formulations of the individual active ingredients are mixed together with water in the tank, and the resulting spray mixture is applied.
Zur Anwendung werden die in handelsüblicher Form vorliegenden Formulierungen gegebenenfalls in üblicher weise verdünnt, z.B. bei Spritzpulvem, emulgierbaren Konzentraten, Dispersionen und wasserdispergierbaren Granulaten mittels Wasser. Staubförmige Zubereitungen, Boden- bzw. Streugranulate sowie versprühbare Lösungen werden vor der Anwendung üblicherweise nicht mehr mit weiteren inerten Stoffen verdünnt. For application, the commercially available formulations are diluted in the usual way, e.g., with water for wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dispersions, and water-dispersible granules. Dust-like preparations, soil or broadcast granules, and sprayable solutions are not usually diluted with additional inert substances prior to application.
Biologische Ausführungsbeispiele: Biological examples:
Die Versuche wurden in einem etwa 4 Jahre alten Zuckerrohr Bestand durchgeführt, entsprechend einem mittelalten Zuckerrohr Bestand in Brasilien. Die Herbizidapplikation wurde mit Spritzdüsen und Pressluft als über-Kopf Blattapplikation in etwa 1,7 m hohem Zuckerrohr durchgeführt. Für die Spritzansätze wurde Alion SC500 (Indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l) alleine oder in Mischung mit Isoxadifen (formuliert als WG50) oder Furilazol (formuliert als EC 100) verwendet und entsprechend der unten stehenden Tabelle gemeinsam mit 2 kg/ha Ammoniumsulfat und 2 1/ha methyliertes Sojabohnen Öl für eine gesamt Applikationsmenge von 200 1/ha, angesetzt. The trials were conducted in a sugarcane stand approximately 4 years old, corresponding to a medium-aged sugarcane stand in Brazil. The herbicide was applied using spray nozzles and compressed air as an overhead foliar application in sugarcane approximately 1.7 m tall. Alion SC500 (indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l) was used for the spraying alone or in a mixture with isoxadifen (formulated as WG50) or furilazole (formulated as EC 100) and applied according to the table below, together with 2 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate and 2 l/ha of methylated soybean oil for a total application rate of 200 l/ha.
Zur Auswertung 42 Tage nach der Applikation wurden je Parzelle alle über 2 m hohen Zuckerrohr Halme sowie alle Halme mit entsprechenden Schadsymptomen gezählt. For evaluation 42 days after application, all sugarcane stalks over 2 m high and all stalks with corresponding damage symptoms were counted per plot.
Die Abkürzungen bedeuten: The abbreviations mean:
IAF Indaziflam IDF Isoxadifen-ethyl FUA Furilazol
Ein weiterer Versuch wurde in einem etwa 1 Jahre alten Zuckerrohr Bestand durchgeführt, entsprechend einem jungen Zuckerrohr Bestand in Brasilien. Die Herbizidapplikation wurde mit Spritzdüsen und Pressluft als über-Kopf Blattapplikation in etwa 1,7 m hohem Zuckerrohr durchgefuhrt. Für die Spritzansätze wurde Alion SC500 (Indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l) alleine oder in Mischung mit Isoxadifen (formuliert als WG50) verwendet und entsprechend der unten stehenden Tabelle gemeinsam mit 2 kg/ha Ammoniumsulfat und 2 1/ha methyliertes Sojabohnen Öl für eine gesamt Applikationsmenge von 200 1/ha, angesetzt. Another trial was conducted in a sugarcane crop approximately 1 year old, similar to a young sugarcane crop in Brazil. The herbicide was applied using spray nozzles and compressed air as an overhead foliar application to approximately 1.7 m tall sugarcane. Alion SC500 (indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l) was used alone or in a mixture with isoxadifen (formulated as WG50) and applied according to the table below, along with 2 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate and 2 l/ha of methylated soybean oil for a total application rate of 200 l/ha.
Zur Auswertung 62 Tage nach der Applikation wurden je Parzelle alle über 2 m hohen Zuckerrohr Halme sowie alle Halme mit entsprechenden Schadsymptomen gezählt. For evaluation 62 days after application, all sugarcane stalks over 2 m high and all stalks with corresponding damage symptoms were counted per plot.
Die Abkürzungen bedeuten: The abbreviations mean:
1AF Indaziflam 1DF fsoxadifen-ethyl
Ein driter Versuch wurde in einem etwa 3 Jahre alten Zuckerrohr Bestand durchgeführt, entsprechend einem mitelalten Zuckerrohr Bestand in Brasilien. Die Herbizidapplikation wurde mit Spritzdüsen und Pressluft als über-Kopf Blatapplikation in etwa 1,7 m hohem Zuckerrohr durchgefuhrt. Für die Spritzansätze wurde Alion SC500 (Indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l) alleine oder in Mischung mit Isoxadifen (formuliert als WG50) verwendet und entsprechend der unten stehenden Tabelle gemeinsam mit 2 kg/ha Ammoniumsulfat und 2 1/ha methyliertes Sojabohnen Öl für eine gesamt Applikationsmenge von 200 1/ha, angesetzt. A third trial was conducted in a sugarcane crop approximately 3 years old, similar to a medium-aged sugarcane crop in Brazil. The herbicide application was carried out using spray nozzles and compressed air as an overhead foliar application in approximately 1.7 m tall sugarcane. Alion SC500 (indaziflam, 500 g a.i./l) was used alone or in a mixture with isoxadifen (formulated as WG50) and applied according to the table below, along with 2 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate and 2 l/ha of methylated soybean oil for a total application rate of 200 l/ha.
Zur Auswertung wurde 28 Tage nach der Applikation eine visuelle Bonitur durchgeführt. Dabei wurden ungeschädigte Zuckerrohrpflanzen mit 0 % Schaden bonitiert und komplet kontrollierte und tote Zuckerrohrpflanzen mit 100 % Schaden bonitiert. For evaluation, a visual assessment was conducted 28 days after application. Undamaged sugarcane plants were rated as 0% damage, while completely inspected and dead sugarcane plants were rated as 100% damage.
Die Abkürzungen bedeuten: The abbreviations mean:
IAF Indaziflam IDF Isoxadifen-ethyl
Die Ergebnisse dieser Versuche zeigen, dass die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Zusammensetzungen deutlich geringere Schäden verursachen in Zuckerrohr gegenüber der alleinigen Verwendung von Indaziflam. The results of these experiments show that the herbicidal compositions according to the invention cause significantly less damage in sugarcane compared to the use of indaziflam alone.
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