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WO2025100658A1 - Procédé et dispositif de synchronisation et de structure améliorées de canal de diffusion physique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de synchronisation et de structure améliorées de canal de diffusion physique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025100658A1
WO2025100658A1 PCT/KR2024/007695 KR2024007695W WO2025100658A1 WO 2025100658 A1 WO2025100658 A1 WO 2025100658A1 KR 2024007695 W KR2024007695 W KR 2024007695W WO 2025100658 A1 WO2025100658 A1 WO 2025100658A1
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Prior art keywords
pbch
dmrs
pss
different
group
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Inventor
Davydov Alexei
Morozov GREGORY
Denis ESIUNIN
Dikarev DMITRY
Ermolaev GREGORY
Maksim ESIUNIN
Pestretsov VLADIMIR
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from RU2023129084A external-priority patent/RU2821037C1/ru
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069—Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]
    • H04J11/0073—Acquisition of primary synchronisation channel, e.g. detection of cell-ID within cell-ID group
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069—Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]
    • H04J11/0079—Acquisition of downlink reference signals, e.g. detection of cell-ID
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H04L27/26136—Pilot sequence conveying additional information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0026—Division using four or more dimensions, e.g. beam steering or quasi-co-location [QCL]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0078—Timing of allocation
    • H04L5/0082—Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals
    • H04L5/0083—Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals symbol-by-symbol
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0035—Synchronisation arrangements detecting errors in frequency or phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007—Code type
    • H04J13/0022—PN, e.g. Kronecker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007—Code type
    • H04J13/0022—PN, e.g. Kronecker
    • H04J13/0025—M-sequences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007—Code type
    • H04J13/0022—PN, e.g. Kronecker
    • H04J13/0029—Gold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007—Code type
    • H04J13/004—Orthogonal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007—Code type
    • H04J13/004—Orthogonal
    • H04J13/0048—Walsh
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/2032—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner
    • H04L27/2053—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases
    • H04L27/206—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases using a pair of orthogonal carriers, e.g. quadrature carriers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to communication methods implementing improved synchronization and structure of a physical broadcast channel, namely of a Synchronization Signal (SS) / Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) block.
  • SS Synchronization Signal
  • PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
  • 5G 5th-generation
  • connected things may include vehicles, robots, drones, home appliances, displays, smart sensors connected to various infrastructures, construction machines, and factory equipment.
  • Mobile devices are expected to evolve in various form-factors, such as augmented reality glasses, virtual reality headsets, and hologram devices.
  • 6G communication systems are referred to as beyond-5G systems.
  • 6G communication systems which are expected to be commercialized around 2030, will have a peak data rate of tera (1,000 giga)-level bps and a radio latency less than 100 ⁇ sec, and thus will be 50 times as fast as 5G communication systems and have the 1/10 radio latency thereof.
  • a full-duplex technology for enabling an uplink transmission and a downlink transmission to simultaneously use the same frequency resource at the same time
  • a network technology for utilizing satellites, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), and the like in an integrated manner
  • HAPS high-altitude platform stations
  • an improved network structure for supporting mobile base stations and the like and enabling network operation optimization and automation and the like
  • a dynamic spectrum sharing technology via collison avoidance based on a prediction of spectrum usage an use of artificial intelligence (AI) in wireless communication for improvement of overall network operation by utilizing AI from a designing phase for developing 6G and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions
  • a next-generation distributed computing technology for overcoming the limit of UE computing ability through reachable super-high-performance communication and computing resources (such as mobile edge computing (MEC), clouds, and the like) over the network.
  • MEC mobile edge computing
  • 6G communication systems in hyper-connectivity, including person to machine (P2M) as well as machine to machine (M2M), will allow the next hyper-connected experience.
  • services such as truly immersive extended reality (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram, and digital replica could be provided through 6G communication systems.
  • services such as remote surgery for security and reliability enhancement, industrial automation, and emergency response will be provided through the 6G communication system such that the technologies could be applied in various fields such as industry, medical care, automobiles, and home appliances.
  • the Initial Access (IA) procedure allows a User Equipment (UE) to establish communication with the network.
  • a Transmit-Receive Point (TRP) periodically broadcasts SS/PBCH blocks to obtain the following basic information: Physical Cell Identifier (Cell ID), System Frame Number (SFN), System Information (SI), cell measurements (for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)).
  • Cell ID Physical Cell Identifier
  • SFN System Frame Number
  • SI System Information
  • cell measurements for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)
  • PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
  • SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
  • the SS/PBCH supports single port and consists of the PSS, the SSS, the PBCH, and PBCH Demodulation Reference Signal (also referred to herein as "PBCH DMRS" for brevity).
  • PSS modulating sequence is a maximum length sequence (M-sequence, typically 3 sequences cyclically shifted by 0, 43 or 86 elements) and is used to detect the second component of the physical cell identifier and roughly estimate time-frequency offsets.
  • SSS modulating sequence is a Gold sequence and is used to detect the first component of the physical cell identifier and fine estimate time-frequency offsets.
  • QPSK Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying
  • the PBCH structure available in 5G NR may not be optimized enough to support 6G system because the PBCH for 6G system shall support a larger overhead payload size to facilitate more flexible system operation, such as a more flexible configuration to realize the benefits of xMIMO.
  • the generation of DMRS for SS/PBCH blocks used in 5G NR depends on the component of the physical identifier , which is detected through the SSS; without said SSS (and accordingly without the component), the exact physical cell identifier cannot be derived.
  • the new 6G SS/PBCH structure should be developed with one or more (or all) of the following design objectives: common/similar SS/PBCH design for different bands, multi-level structure to provide rough and fine estimation of time-frequency offsets, narrow band for low complexity detection and cell search, support of multiple SS/PBCH blocks to reconfigure beamforming of transmit antenna, collision avoidance with 5G NR (re-farming, Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS)), low cross-correlation with 5G NR SS/PBCH (re-farming, DSS), low overhead, low Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) / low Cubic Metric (CM).
  • 5G NR re-farming, Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS)
  • DSS Dynamic Spectrum Sharing
  • PAPR Peak-to-Average Power Ratio
  • CM Cubic Metric
  • the present invention solves one or more (or all) of the above problems/objectives by the following technical solution, which, when implemented according to the present disclosure, will make it possible to achieve one or more of the technical effects specified below.
  • the information below and the non-limiting examples provided should not be interpreted in a limiting sense. Instead, the following information, detailed description of the proposed technical solution and the effects achieved by it are intended to ensure that this disclosure is sufficient to assist in putting the present invention into practice.
  • Other possible modifications, substitutions, etc. as part of the proposed technical solution, which may not be explicitly specified herein, will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following description. But such modifications and replacements are intended to fall within the scope of protection (including equivalents) as defined by the appended claims.
  • This application proposes a number of technical solutions, namely, TRP-implemented method of transmitting SS/PBCH according to the first aspect; a corresponding device implementing the method according to the first aspect, namely the TRP according to the second aspect; a storage medium storing processor-executable instructions causing the device to function as the TRP according to the second aspect, according to the third aspect; UE-implemented method of receiving SS/PBCH according to the fourth aspect; a corresponding device implementing the method according to the fourth aspect, namely the UE according to the fifth aspect; a storage medium storing processor-executable instructions causing the device to function as the UE according to the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect; and a communication system according to a seventh aspect, which comprises one or more TRPs according to the second aspect and one or more UEs according to a fifth aspect communicating with each other.
  • the present invention also provides TRP-implemented method of communicating with UE, which may be characterized similarly to the method of transmitting SS/PBCH according to the first aspect or use said method as part of the processing being performed.
  • the present invention provides UE-implemented method of communicating with TRP, which may be characterized similarly to the method of receiving SS/PBCH according to the fourth aspect or use said method as part of the processing being performed.
  • Both the TRP to UE communication method and the UE to TRP communication method may occur, but without limitation, at the time the UE initially accesses the network / TRP, at the time the UE accesses the network / TRP during handover, at the time the UE accesses the network / TRP during communication reconfiguration, at the time the UE accesses the network / TRP when restoring communication after an error.
  • All technical solutions proposed in this application propose to use SS/PBCH structure containing only PSS and PBCH DMRS and not containing SSS. More specifically, in each of the embodiments of the SS/PBCH structure proposed herein and illustrated in FIG. 6a, 6b, 9a, 9b, 9c, the PBCH region (large vertical rectangle) does not have SSS transmission shown in FIG. 5 in the center of the PBCH region, occupying 127 subcarriers and limited by a guard frequency interval of 8 subcarriers on each side. Instead of SSS, the proposed SS/PBCH structure proposes to increase the number of PBCH DMRS subcarriers by freeing up resources normally used for SSS transmission.
  • this application provides improved methods for generating PBCH DMRS and mapping the PBCH DMRS to time-frequency resources, whereby at least a portion of the PBCH DMRS can be configured for detection of the first component of the physical cell identifier and fine estimation of timing and frequency offsets (i.e. to take over a function traditionally performed through the SSS).
  • the DMRS resource elements in the PBCH may depend on the physical cell identifier information and are located in the PBCH with appropriate frequency and/or time offset.
  • the PBCH DMRS can transmit full physical cell identifier information.
  • the PBCH and DMRS can support a second antenna port depending on the frequency band, and the PBCH can transmit SI and remaining information about cell ID.
  • Table 1 A quantitative assessment of the resource utilization by the present invention in comparison with the prior art
  • the present invention 180 (DMRS)(41% more) 540 (25% more)
  • the present invention increases the probability of detecting a physical cell identifier, provides higher reliability / capacity of the channel (PBCH), thereby making the operation of the communication system and the configuration capabilities of the communication system more flexible.
  • PBCH physical cell identifier
  • TRP implemented method of generating and transmitting SS/PBCH (the method of communication with UE), the method including the steps of: generating S100 PSS on a first group of OFDM symbols, and generating S105 PBCH and DMRS on a second group of OFDM symbols, and transmitting S110 on a downlink the SS/PBCH comprising the PSS, the PBCH and the DMRS enabling a side receiving said SS/PBCH to detect a physical cell identifier .
  • PBCH and DMRS are transmitted using two antenna ports.
  • DMRS transmitted from the two antenna ports uses: different frequency and/or time resources; or same frequency and/or time resources, but orthogonal sequences.
  • the orthogonal sequences are derived from DFT matrix or from a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix.
  • the DMRS of a second group of OFDM symbols is transmitted on same subcarriers or different subcarriers.
  • the selection of the subcarriers used for DMRS depends on the physical cell identifier .
  • DMRS modulating sequences are different for different physical cell identifiers
  • PSS modulating sequences are different for different physical cell identifiers
  • encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH are obtained by noise-resilient (channel) coding with coding rate lower than that of the PBCH transmission using a single antenna port.
  • encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH for the second port are obtained by repeating the encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH for the first antenna port and applying to said bits a scrambling sequence different from the scrambling sequence used for the first antenna port.
  • TRP 300 comprising a transmitting-receiving antenna unit 305 and a processor 310 configured to perform the method according to the first aspect or any development of the first aspect.
  • a storage medium storing processor executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor of a device equipped with a transmitting-receiving antenna unit, cause the method according to the first aspect or any development of the first aspect to be performed.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention proposed is UE implemented method of receiving SS/PBCH (the method of communication with TRP), the method including the steps of: receiving S200 PSS on a first group of OFDM symbols, and receiving S205 the PBCH and DMRS on a second group of OFDM symbols, detecting S210 a physical cell identifier based on the received SS/PBCH comprising the PSS, the PBCH and the DMRS, and performing S215 an uplink transmission based at least in part on the detected physical cell identifier .
  • the PBCH and DMRS are received using at least one of two antenna ports.
  • the DMRS is used as SSS in estimating time-frequency offsets.
  • the DMRS is received on: different frequency and/or time resources; or same frequency and/or time resources, wherein if the same frequency and/or time resources are used to receive the DMRS, orthogonal sequences of the DMRS are used.
  • the orthogonal sequences are derived from DFT matrix or from a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix.
  • the DMRS of the second group of OFDM symbols are transmitted on same subcarriers or different subcarriers.
  • DMRS modulating sequences are different for different physical cell identifiers or DMRS modulating sequences and PSS modulating sequences are different for different physical cell identifiers .
  • decoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH are obtained by decoding the encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH and obtained at a TRP with coding rate lower than coding rate in the PBCH transmission using a single antenna port.
  • decoded information bits received in the PBCH are obtained by the steps of: demodulating information received in the PBCH from the first antenna port and information received in the PBCH from the second antenna port (i.e. demodulating the signal carried on the physical channel PBCH), descrambling the result of demodulation of information received in the PBCH from the first antenna port using a first descrambling sequence, and the result of demodulation of information received in the PBCH from the second antenna port using a second descrambling sequence, combining the results of descrambling, and decoding the combined descrambling result to obtain decoded information bits received in the PBCH, wherein the first descrambling sequence differs from the second descrambling sequence, wherein the first descrambling sequence and the second descrambling sequence are, respectively, a first scrambling sequence and a second scrambling sequence that are predetermined and agreed upon between the TRP and the UE and applied at the TRP to scramble, respectively,
  • UE 400 comprising a transmitting-receiving antenna unit 405 and a processor 410 configured to perform the method according to the fourth aspect or any development of the fourth aspect.
  • a storage medium storing processor executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor of a device equipped with a transmitting-receiving antenna unit, cause the method according to the fourth aspect or any development of the fourth aspect to be performed.
  • a communication system 500 comprising one or more TRP 300 according to the second aspect of the present invention and one or more UE 400 according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein at least one TRP 300 and at least one UE 400 communicate in this communication system 500 according to the communication methods, which are the methods according to the first aspect or the fourth aspect, or which include said methods according to the first aspect or the fourth aspect among other operations.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provides methods and apparatus for improve synchronization and structure of physical broadcast channel.
  • an improved structure for Synchronization Signal (SS) / Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) is proposed.
  • Figs. 1 and 5 are related to prior art.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the IA procedure in 5G NR according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the IA procedure provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of TRP implemented method of transmitting SS/PBCH according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of UE implemented method of receiving SS/PBCH according to the fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates SS/PBCH block structure in 5G NR according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 6a illustrates SS/PBCH block structure with a "flat" arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH according to a first possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6b illustrates SS/PBCH block structure with a "staggered" arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH according to a second possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure in the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of generating DMRS for the SS/PBCH and mapping it to time-frequency resources according to the possible implementation of these operations in the present invention.
  • FIG. 8a illustrates a flowchart of SS/PBCH coding operations for two antenna ports according to a first possible implementation of these operations in the present invention.
  • FIG. 8b illustrates a flowchart of SS/PBCH coding operations for two antenna ports according to a second possible implementation of these operations in the present invention.
  • FIG. 9a illustrates SS/PBCH block structure with the flat arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH and division of DMRS for two antenna ports using Time Domain Orthogonal Cover Codes (TD-OCC) according to the present invention.
  • TD-OCC Time Domain Orthogonal Cover Codes
  • FIG. 9b illustrates SS/PBCH block structure with the flat arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH and division of DMRS for two antenna ports using Frequency Domain Orthogonal Cover Codes (FD-OCC) according to the present invention.
  • FD-OCC Frequency Domain Orthogonal Cover Codes
  • FIG. 9c illustrates SS/PBCH block structure with the flat arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH and division of DMRS for two antenna ports with Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) according to the present invention.
  • FDM Frequency-Division Multiplexing
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic representation of the TRP according to the second aspect of the present invention, which is configured to perform the method of transmitting SS/PBCH according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic representation of the UE according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, which is configured to perform the method of receiving SS/PBCH according to the fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic representation of a communication system according to the seventh aspect of the present invention.
  • the initial access procedure illustrated in FIG. 2 can be provided.
  • the methods according to the present invention use DMRS included in the PBCH portion of the SS/PBCH block.
  • the rest of FIG. 2 may not differ from FIG. 1. Details of the proposed new SS/PBCH block structures, as well as methods for generating and mapping such structures onto time-frequency resources, are given below.
  • the physical cell identifier determined according to the equation , wherein the PSS signaling the value of and the DMRS, included in the same SS/PBCH block as the PSS, signaling the value of .
  • SS/PBCH block refers to the arrangement of the SS (comprising the PSS and DMRS according to the present invention) and the PBCH into a single transmitted information unit.
  • Periodic transmission of SS/PBCH blocks allows the UE to establish communication with the network based on information that can be determined by the UE from the contents of the SS/PBCH block.
  • information may include, but is not limited to, the physical cell identifier , SFN, SI, MIB, RS, based on which the UE can make various cell measurements, such as, but not limited to, RSRP measurements, RSRQ measurements, etc.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of TRP implemented method of transmitting SS/PBCH according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • Any available (operating) frequency band can be used for communication between the TRP and the UE, including the one currently used for 4G LTE, Pre-5G, 5G NR, etc.
  • both the TRP and the UE can use xMIMO technology when performing precoding and beamforming of an extremely massive antenna array.
  • Non-limiting examples of the available frequency range may include Frequency Range 1 (FR1) up to 7.125 GHz or at least a portion thereof, Frequency Range 2 (FR2) from 24.25 GHz to 71 GHz or at least a portion thereof, or a frequency range from 7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz or at least a portion thereof.
  • FR1 Frequency Range 1
  • FR2 Frequency Range 2
  • the method begins at step S100 of generating a PSS on a first group of OFDM symbols.
  • This step can be carried out by any method known in the art.
  • the PSS can be generated according to the technical solutions disclosed in the patent application RU 2023120652 (patent RU 2805998), the full disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the method proceeds to executing step S105 of generating PBCH and DMRS on a second group of OFDM symbols.
  • the first group of OFDM symbols does not overlap with the second group of OFDM symbols.
  • FIG. 6a Illustrated in FIG. 6a is the first possible implementation of SS/PBCH block structure according to the present invention.
  • the SS/PBCH block structure illustrated in FIG. 6a is referred to herein as the SS/PBCH block structure with flat arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH, because in this case the same REs in different OFDM symbols are used to arrange DMRS in the PBCH.
  • Defining and configuring the exact DMRS positions in the PBCH can be performed according to math. expression 1 in the following Table 2 and the following math. expression 2.
  • Table 2 OFDM symbol and subcarrier configuration for DMRS in PBCH:
  • Parameter v in math. expression 1 is determined as (math. expression 2), where is physical cell identifier, mod is the division-with-remainder operation, is the second component of the physical cell identifier.
  • Parameters , and being the first component of the physical cell identifier can be predefined for a specific TRP, for example, when it is deployed to serve a specific cell in the network.
  • the first possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure illustrated in FIG. 6a makes it possible to improve the accuracy and reliability of the frequency offset estimation carried out at the UE in response to the UE's discovery of the transmission of the SS/PBCH block with such a structure.
  • FIG. 6b Illustrated in FIG. 6b is the second possible implementation of SS/PBCH block structure according to the present invention.
  • the SS/PBCH block structure illustrated in FIG. 6b is referred to herein as the SS/PBCH block structure with staggered arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH, because in this case different (step changeable) REs in different OFDM symbols are used to arrange DMRS in the PBCH.
  • Defining and configuring the exact DMRS positions in the PBCH can be performed according to math. expressions 3, 4, 5 in the following Table 3 and the above math. expression 2.
  • step S105 the method proceeds to executing step S110 of transmitting on a downlink the SS/PBCH comprising the PSS, the PBCH and the DMRS enabling a side receiving said SS/PBCH to detect the physical cell identifier .
  • the transmission may be, but is not limited to, a broadcast transmission.
  • DMRS generation begins with a step of initializing a Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequence based on the physical cell identifier.
  • PN Pseudo-Noise
  • the PN sequence serves as the DMRS modulating sequence.
  • the parameters , can be set for a specific TRP in advance. Examples of the PN sequence include, but are not limited to, M-sequence, Gold sequence.
  • the PN sequence may be initialized according to the following math. expression 6:
  • SS Synchronization Signal
  • the initialized PN sequence based on which the DMRS included in the PBCH will subsequently be modulated, can carry and accordingly signal to the UE the entire physical cell identifier .
  • the PN sequence may be initialized according to the following math. expression 7:
  • SS Synchronization Signal
  • the initialized PN sequence may carry and accordingly signal to the UE the first component of the entire physical cell identifier .
  • the second component of the entire physical cell identifier in this case may be carried and signaled as usual via the PSS.
  • the PN sequence may be initialized according to any of the following alternative math.
  • expressions 7.1 or 7.2 which can be used instead of the above math.
  • SS Synchronization Signal
  • the User Equipment in this case may know or presume the value of in advance, given that . Since there are only three different values of : 0, 1, 2, in the non-limiting example, the UE may iterate over these values (thus selecting one of the three values mentioned). In the other non-limiting example, the UE may use the particular value of determined through the detection of the PSS, because one of the three PSS is generated based on said value of .
  • the method After performing the step of initializing the PN sequence based on the physical cell identifier, the method proceeds to the step of modulating the DMRS (e.g. performing QPSK modulation) based on the initialized PN sequence according to the following math.
  • expression 8 After performing the step of initializing the PN sequence based on the physical cell identifier, the method proceeds to the step of modulating the DMRS (e.g. performing QPSK modulation) based on the initialized PN sequence according to the following math. expression 8:
  • m is the index of the DMRS modulating sequence element
  • c is the previously initialized PN sequence.
  • the method then proceeds to the step of mapping the modulated DMRS onto PBCH physical resources determined according to the mathematical expressions described above with reference to FIG. 6a, 6b.
  • the DMRS generated in this way allows physical cell identifier discovery at the UE side using DMRS from the PBCH without decoding the PBCH and without using the SSS.
  • PBCH Packet Control Channel
  • antenna port used herein synonymously with the term “spatial stream” refers to a channel whose characteristics (e.g. frequency or spatial) can be estimated and used, for example for demodulation, only by means of reference signals (e.g. DMRSs) sent in the same channel, that is, only from the same antenna port.
  • reference signals e.g. DMRSs
  • PBCH signals sent from one antenna port generally cannot be successfully demodulated and decoded if reference signals sent from another antenna port are used for this. This may be because different antenna ports may be mapped to different physical antennas with significantly different characteristics, such as polarization, or different antenna ports use different spatial pre-coders.
  • two antenna ports are used to transmit PBCH simultaneously on the same subcarrier frequencies.
  • Such a transmission involves spatial division / multiplexing (spatial multiplexing).
  • Each of the two ports transmits its own DMRS.
  • this can be done simultaneously on the same subcarrier frequencies also by using code division (orthogonal codes) of the DMRS from different ports.
  • both possible SS/PBCH encoding implementations are adapted to support two spatial PBCH transmission streams, which allows, in the presence of more advanced antenna arrays of xMIMO systems, which are supposed to be used on both the TRP side and the UE side in the next (sixth) communication standard, improve channel capacity and/or reliability of SS/PBCH transmission.
  • the joint encoding of the PBCH signal of two spatial streams in which a QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence of twice the length is generated.
  • the SS/PBCH encoding for two antenna ports in this possible implementation starts with scrambling the PBCH signal to be transmitted to the UE. Scrambling can be performed by any method known in the art.
  • the initially scrambled PBCH signal sequence is then appended with Cyclic Redundancy Code (CRC) and subjected to noise-resilient coding (e.g., but not limited to, polar coding, Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) coding, coding with turbo codes or convolutional codes) for obtaining the encoded PBCH signal sequence , where b() are the encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH, is the number of encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH for the two spatial channels. Then, the encoded signal sequence is then re-scrambled according to the following math. expression 9:
  • i is the index of element (bit) in the scrambled sequence of information bits transmitted in the PBCH
  • v is the decimal representation of the least significant bits of the SS/PBCH block index
  • mod 2 is the division-by-2-with-remainder operation.
  • the second (re-) scrambling is used in the first possible implementation to encode the portion of information of the SS/PBCH block index, which is specified by the parameter v.
  • the second (re-) scrambling is performed to generate distinct code sequences transmitted from two antenna ports for two spatial streams.
  • the re-scrambled PBCH signal sequence is subjected to QPSK modulation to obtain a QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence , where is the QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence, is the number of symbols modulating the information (signal) transmitted on the PBCH.
  • the QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence is divided into two streams, which are intended for transmission from different antenna ports.
  • the spatial PBCH transmission stream for the first antenna port is obtained according to math. expression 10
  • the spatial PBCH transmission stream for the second antenna port is obtained according to math. expression 11:
  • i is the index of element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted in the PBCH from the first antenna port
  • i' is the index of element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted in the PBCH from the second antenna port
  • Each of the resulting PBCH spatial transmission streams is then subjected to pre-coding and beamforming and transmitted on the downlink. Any precoding and beamforming techniques can be used at this step. Since the UE in this case can receive and decode (i.e., perform the inverse processing relative to the processing described above and shown with reference to FIG. 8a) both spatial streams, additional channel capacity and reliability of PBCH transmission are ensured with only a slight increase in processing complexity on the UE, which is related to decoding two spatial PBCH transmission streams.
  • those UEs may be configured to decode one of the two PBCH spatial transmission streams, and decode the other of the two PBCH spatial transmission streams only if decoding of the first PBCH spatial transmission stream has not been completed successfully.
  • generation of the second spatial stream for the second antenna port may be disabled or prohibited for certain frequency bands (e.g., FR1 band).
  • the PBCH signal of two spatial streams is encoded in parallel.
  • the SS/PBCH encoding for two antenna ports in this possible implementation starts with scrambling the PBCH signal to be transmitted to the UE. Scrambling can be performed by any method known in the art.
  • the initially scrambled PBCH signal sequence is then appended with CRC and subjected to noise-resilient coding (e.g., but not limited to, polar coding, Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) coding, coding with turbo codes or convolutional codes) for obtaining the encoded PBCH signal sequence , where b() are the encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH, is the number of the encoded information bits transmitted in the PBCH for one spatial channel.
  • noise-resilient coding e.g., but not limited to, polar coding, Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) coding, coding with turbo codes or convolutional codes
  • the encoded PBCH signal sequence is repeated (duplicated), and subsequent processing is performed in parallel (separately) for the original encoded PBCH signal sequence and for the duplicated encoded PBCH signal sequence.
  • the subsequent processing includes re-scrambling of the original encoded PBCH signal sequence for the first antenna port and the duplicated encoded PBCH signal sequence for the second antenna port according to, respectively, the following math. expressions 12 and 13 (thus, in contrast to the first possible implementation, this second possible implementation of SS/PBCH encoding for two antenna ports provides spatial stream / antenna port-dependent scrambling):
  • i is the index of element (bit) in the scrambled sequence of information bits transmitted in the PBCH, (0 ... )
  • c is the scrambling sequence
  • v is the decimal representation of the least significant bits of the SS/PBCH block index
  • mod 2 is the division-by-2-with-remainder operation.
  • each of the re-scrambled original PBCH sequence and the duplicated PBCH sequence is subjected to QPSK modulation to obtain a QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence for the first antenna port and a QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence for the second antenna port according to the following math.
  • i is the index of element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted in the PBCH from the first antenna port
  • i' is the index of element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted in the PBCH from the second antenna port
  • each of the QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence for the first antenna port and the QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence for the second antenna port are subjected to precoding and beamforming and transmitted on the downlink.
  • Any precoding and beamforming techniques can be used at this step.
  • the operations performed on the UE side will be essentially the reverse of the operations performed on the TRP side described above.
  • the modulation, scrambling, dividing, encoding operations performed on the TRP side may correspond to the corresponding demodulation, descrambling, combining, decoding operations performed on the UE side. Therefore, since the UE in this case can receive and decode (i.e., perform substantially the inverse processing relative to the processing described above and shown with reference to FIG.
  • both spatial streams both spatial streams, additional channel capacity and reliability of PBCH transmission are ensured with only a slight increase in processing complexity on the UE, which is related to decoding two spatial PBCH transmission streams.
  • those UEs may be configured to decode one of the two PBCH spatial transmission streams, and decode the other of the two PBCH spatial transmission streams only if decoding of the first PBCH spatial transmission stream has not been completed successfully.
  • generation of the second spatial stream for the second antenna port may be disabled or prohibited for particular frequency bands (e.g., for FR1 band).
  • FIG. 9a, 9b, 9c illustrated are non-limiting possible implementations of DMRS division for several antenna ports. All illustrated possible implementations of the division employ the SS/PBCH block structure with flat arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH, i.e. the SS/PBCH block structure as described above and illustrated with reference to FIG. 6a. However, it should not be considered that the possible division implementations described below with reference to FIGS. 9a, 9b, 9c are applicable only to the SS/PBCH block structure with flat arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH. Instead, it should be understood that the possible division implementations described below with reference to FIGS. 9a, 9b, 9c are also applicable to the SS/PBCH block structure with staggered arrangement of DMRS in the PBCH, which is illustrated and described with reference to FIG. 6b.
  • the SS/PBCH blocks illustrated in FIG. 9a, 9b are the results of dividing the signal between the two antenna ports using time domain orthogonal sequences (TD-OCC) and frequency domain orthogonal sequences (FD-OCC), respectively.
  • Orthogonal sequences of varying lengths for these non-limiting division implementations may be obtained from a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix or a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix.
  • DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
  • FD-OCC frequency domain orthogonal sequences
  • Non-limiting examples of orthogonal code derivation matrices of various lengths are given below in Table 4.
  • the SS/PBCH block illustrated in FIG. 9c is the result of the other possible implementation of dividing the signal, transmitted by the TRP and received by the UE, between the two antenna ports according to the present invention, namely dividing by Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) known in the art.
  • FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the schematic representation of the TRP 300 according to the second aspect of the present invention, which is configured to perform the communication method according to the first aspect of the present invention due to at least that it includes a transmitting-receiving antenna unit 305 configured to communicate with UE and any other devices being within the coverage area of the respective cell, and a processor 310 operatively coupled with the transmitting-receiving antenna unit 305 and configured to perform the method according to the first aspect of the present invention or according to any possible implementation of the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the Transmit-Receive Point may be, but not limited to, a Base Station (BS), an Access Point (AP), or a Node B.
  • the TRP 300 is shown in FIG. 10 in a relatively simplistic, schematic form, therefore shown in this figure are not all components actually comprised in the TRP 300, but only those components with which the present invention is carried out.
  • the TRP may comprise another components not shown in FIG. 10, for example, a power supply, various interfaces, I/O means, interconnections, random access and read-only memory storing instructions executable by the processor 310 to carry out the method according to the first aspect of the present invention or according to any possible implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, as well as an operating system, etc.
  • the transmitting-receiving antenna unit 305 may comprise a transceiver and an antenna coupled to each other.
  • the antenna can be implemented as a massive or extremely massive MIMO antenna array with a large number of antenna ports, which supports hybrid analog and digital beamforming capabilities.
  • the processor 310 of the TRP 300 may be a central processing unit, a special-purpose processor, another processing unit, for example, a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a combination thereof.
  • the processor 310 may be implemented as a circuit, for example as a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a System-on-Chip (SoC), etc.
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit
  • SoC System-on-Chip
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the schematic representation of the UE 400 according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, which is configured to perform the communication method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention due to at least that it includes a transmitting-receiving antenna unit 405 configured to communicate with TRP and any other devices being within the coverage area of the respective cell, and a processor 410 operatively coupled with the transmitting-receiving antenna unit 405 and configured to perform the method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention or according to any possible implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • a transmitting-receiving antenna unit 405 configured to communicate with TRP and any other devices being within the coverage area of the respective cell
  • a processor 410 operatively coupled with the transmitting-receiving antenna unit 405 and configured to perform the method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention or according to any possible implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • the UE may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, a personal computer, a user wearable electronic device (for example, glasses, watches), AR/VR headset, 'Internet of Things' (IoT) device, in-vehicle equipment or any other mobile communications-enabled electronic devices.
  • the UE may be referred to differently, for example, as a user terminal, a user device, a subscriber device, etc.
  • the UE 400 is shown in FIG. 11 in a relatively simplistic, schematic form, therefore shown in this figure are not all components actually comprised in the UE 400, but only those components with which the present invention is carried out.
  • the UE may comprise another components not shown in FIG. 11, for example, a power supply, battery, various interfaces, I/O means, interconnections, random access and read-only memory storing instructions executable by the processor 410 to carry out the method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention or according to any possible implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention, as well as an operating system, etc.
  • the transmitting-receiving antenna unit 405 may comprise a transceiver and an antenna coupled to each other.
  • the antenna can be implemented as a massive or extremely massive MIMO antenna array with a large number of antenna ports, which supports hybrid analog and digital beamforming capabilities.
  • the processor 410 of the UE 400 may be a central processing unit, a special-purpose processor, another processing unit, for example, a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a combination thereof.
  • the processor 410 may be implemented as a circuit, for example as FPGA, ASIC, SoC, etc.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic representation of the communication system 500 according to the seventh aspect of the present invention.
  • the communications system 500 comprises one TRP 300, which is installed to serve UEs 400 in three deployed cells 1, 2, 3.
  • the transmit-receive point 300 may correspond to the TRP 300 that is described above in detail with reference to FIG. 10, and each user equipment 400 may correspond to the UE 400 that is described above in detail with reference to FIG. 11, so the detailed descriptions of the TRP 300 and UE 400 are not given here again.
  • the communications system 500 may simultaneously support multiple active radio access technologies (RATs) from, for example, 4G LTE, 5G NR, 6G.
  • RATs active radio access technologies
  • each cell of the cell 1, cell 2, cell 3 may correspond to its own TRP 300, a number of UE 400 in the cells may differ from the number shown, the cells 1, 2, 3 may be a single larger cell, a shape and space covered by the cells may differ from the ones shown, etc.
  • the number of cells can be more than 3.
  • the present invention may further be implemented as a storage medium storing processor executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor of a device equipped with a transmitting-receiving antenna unit, cause the method according to any aspect of the disclosure or any possible implementation of the corresponding aspect to be performed.
  • the storage medium may be persistent (non-transitory) computer-readable medium, a memory, a memory area, a storage device, etc., for example, but not limited to, a hard disk, an optical medium, a semiconductor medium, a Solid State Drive (SSD) or similar.
  • the technical solutions disclosed herein provide one or more of the following advantageous technical effects: (1) the possibility of more flexible network configuration, which is especially important for communication systems supporting extremely massive antenna arrays in xMIMO technology, since more Resource Elements (RE) are released both for cell identifier detection and for PBCH, (2) increased capacity and/or reliability of the channel between the TRP and the UE, (3) the accuracy and/or reliability of the channel estimation between the TRP and the UE is increased by allowing such estimation to be carried out over two antenna ports / spatial channels, etc.
  • two RAT technologies can simultaneously coexist in a communication network and support a deployment scenario of these technologies with dynamic spectrum sharing.
  • the present invention can be used in 3GPP specification-compliant communication networks with TRP and UE, which support massive MIMO antenna technology with an extremely large number of digital antenna ports (e.g., ⁇ 128), analog / digital single-beam / multi-beam beamforming, and TDD and/or FDD duplex modes.
  • digital antenna ports e.g., ⁇ 128, analog / digital single-beam / multi-beam beamforming, and TDD and/or FDD duplex modes.
  • At least one aspect of the disclosed technical solution can be implemented by an AI model.
  • the function associated with the AI can be performed by a read-only memory, random access memory, and processor(s) (CPU, GPU, NPU).
  • the processor(s) controls the processing of input data in accordance with a predefined operating rule or an AI model stored in read-only memory and random access memory.
  • the predefined operating rule or AI model is provided through training. In this case, "provided through training" means that by applying a learning algorithm to plurality of training data, a predetermined operation rule or AI model of the required characteristic is created.
  • the AI model may be created to obtain SS/PBCH sequence coded for two antenna ports and/or to pre-code it and/or to perform beamforming of the antenna array to transmit SS/PBCH sequence coded for two antenna ports depending on a current situation determined by a state of the communication network and/or communication line, a state of the TRP and/or UE, a number of active / inactive UEs and/or any other parameters of the communication network and/or TRP and/or UE.
  • the training may be performed in a device itself in which AI according to an embodiment is implemented, and/or may be implemented through a separate server/system.
  • the AI model can be a decision tree based algorithm or may consist of a plurality of neural network layers. Each layer has a plurality of weights and performs the operation of the layer through a calculation based on the result of the calculation in the previous layer and the application of a plurality of weights and other parameter values.
  • Examples of decision tree based algorithms include a random forest, tree ensembles, etc.
  • neural networks include, among others, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Deep Neural Network (DNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), Deep Belief Network (DBN), Bi-directional Network, Bi-directional Recurrent Deep Neural Network (BRDNN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Transformer-based Networks, Deep Q-Network, large language models etc.
  • a learning algorithm is a method of training a predetermined target device or target function based on a corresponding set of training data that causes, enables, controls, or provides an output of the target device or target function.
  • Examples of learning algorithms include, but not limited to, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning or reinforcement learning, and so on.
  • any disclosed method is not strict, because some one or more steps may be rearranged in the actual order of execution and/or combined with another one or more steps, and/or divided into a larger number of sub-steps.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des procédés de communication mettant en œuvre une synchronisation et une structure améliorées d'un canal de diffusion physique, à savoir d'un bloc de signal de synchronisation (SS)/canal de diffusion physique (PBCH). L'invention concerne également un procédé mis en œuvre par point d'émission-réception (TRP) pour transmettre le SS/PBCH, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à : générer un signal de synchronisation primaire (PSS) sur un premier groupe de symboles de multiplexage par répartition orthogonale de la fréquence (OFDM), et générer les PBCH et les signaux de référence de démodulation (DMRS) sur un second groupe de symboles OFDM, et transmettre sur une liaison descendante le SS/PBCH comprenant le PSS, le PBCH et le DMRS permettant à un côté recevant ledit SS/PBCH de découvrir un identifiant de cellule physique.
PCT/KR2024/007695 2023-11-09 2024-06-05 Procédé et dispositif de synchronisation et de structure améliorées de canal de diffusion physique Pending WO2025100658A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

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WO2017078656A1 (fr) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Intel IP Corporation Signaux de synchronisation pour accès assisté par licence
US20200163052A1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2020-05-21 Lg Electronics Inc. Method of transmitting and receiving broadcasting channel and device therefor
US20220272684A1 (en) * 2018-07-06 2022-08-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for nr sidelink ss/pbch block
US20220369250A1 (en) * 2021-05-11 2022-11-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Resource element overlap between a synchronization signal block and demodulation reference signal
US20230101584A1 (en) * 2021-09-24 2023-03-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Scrambling initialization indication for higher bands

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017078656A1 (fr) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Intel IP Corporation Signaux de synchronisation pour accès assisté par licence
US20200163052A1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2020-05-21 Lg Electronics Inc. Method of transmitting and receiving broadcasting channel and device therefor
US20220272684A1 (en) * 2018-07-06 2022-08-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for nr sidelink ss/pbch block
US20220369250A1 (en) * 2021-05-11 2022-11-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Resource element overlap between a synchronization signal block and demodulation reference signal
US20230101584A1 (en) * 2021-09-24 2023-03-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Scrambling initialization indication for higher bands

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