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WO2025195332A1 - Procédé et appareil de communication - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de communication

Info

Publication number
WO2025195332A1
WO2025195332A1 PCT/CN2025/082970 CN2025082970W WO2025195332A1 WO 2025195332 A1 WO2025195332 A1 WO 2025195332A1 CN 2025082970 W CN2025082970 W CN 2025082970W WO 2025195332 A1 WO2025195332 A1 WO 2025195332A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rate
communication link
timing drift
drift rate
indication information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/082970
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王晓鲁
周建伟
王俊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025195332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025195332A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and in particular to communication methods and devices.
  • NTNs non-terrestrial networks
  • UAVs uncrewed aerial vehicles
  • UE user equipment
  • information from a terminal device can be forwarded by satellite via an inter-satellite link (ISL) or satellite-to-ground link to a gateway or ground station, thereby establishing a connection to the core network or the internet.
  • ISL inter-satellite link
  • information from a gateway or ground station can be forwarded by satellite to the terminal device via an ISL or satellite-to-ground link.
  • the satellite acts as a relay between the gateway (or ground station) and the terminal device, enabling communication between the two.
  • the communication method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application can solve the problem of sampling point timing drift.
  • an information communication method is provided.
  • the method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the terminal device functions.
  • the method includes: receiving first indication information, the first indication information indicating carrier frequency information of a first communication link, or the first indication information indicating a first parameter, wherein the carrier frequency information is used to determine the carrier frequency of the first communication link, the first parameter includes a change rate of a first common timing advance (TA), the change rate of the first common TA is the change rate of the common TA of the first communication link, the first communication link is a communication link between a network device serving the terminal device and a relay device, the relay device is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device; determining a timing drift rate based on the first indication information, the timing drift rate indicating the change rate of the sampling point interval of the time domain signal; and transmitting and receiving signals based on the timing drift rate.
  • TA first common timing advance
  • a terminal device can determine a timing drift rate based on an indication from a network device (i.e., first indication information).
  • the first indication information can indicate a rate of change of the carrier frequency of a feeder link (i.e., a first communication link) or a common timing advance (TA) of the feeder link (i.e., a rate of change of a first common TA).
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on the carrier frequency information or the first parameter of the first communication link; further, the terminal device can also transmit and receive signals based on the timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device can determine the rate of change of the sampling point interval of the time domain signal (i.e., the timing drift rate) based on the carrier frequency information of the feeder link (i.e., the first communication link) or the common TA change rate of the feeder link, thereby knowing the offset of the sampling point; so that when the terminal device receives a signal, it can sample the time domain signal it receives according to the offset of the sampling point, and adaptively process the signal accordingly to improve the decoding performance.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device sends a signal, it can pre-compensate the sampling point offset of the time domain signal it sends according to the offset of the sampling point, so that when the signal reaches the network device, it can offset the timing drift on the first communication link and the second communication link, further improving the decoding performance of the network device.
  • the timing drift rate is the sum of a first timing drift rate and a second timing drift rate; wherein the first timing drift rate is the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the first communication link; the second timing drift rate is the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the second communication link, and the second communication link is the communication link between the terminal device and the relay device.
  • the timing drift rate of the downlink signal is the sum of the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the first communication link (such as the feeder link) (i.e., the first timing drift rate) and the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the second communication link (such as the service link) (i.e., the second timing drift rate).
  • timing drift rate into two parts based on the characteristics of the two different links can more efficiently and accurately calculate the timing drift rate, thereby determining the offset of the sampling point, and then sampling the time domain signal according to the offset of the sampling point, and adaptively processing the signal accordingly to improve decoding performance.
  • the first indication information indicates carrier frequency information of the first communication link
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate according to the carrier frequency information.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is the Doppler frequency shift value of the first communication link;
  • the first timing drift rate is the quotient of the first Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the first communication link; or, the first timing drift rate is the quotient of the first Doppler frequency shift value and a first product, and the first product is the product of the carrier frequency of the first communication link and the sampling point interval.
  • the first Doppler shift value is determined based on the third Doppler shift value, the first compensation value, the second Doppler shift value, and the second compensation value; wherein the second Doppler shift value is the Doppler shift value of the second communication link; the third Doppler shift value is the Doppler shift value of the downlink signal; the first compensation value is the frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link; and the second compensation value is the frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the second communication link.
  • the terminal device can determine different compensation values (i.e., the first compensation value and the second compensation value) according to two different communication links (i.e., the first communication link and the second communication link), so that the Doppler frequency shift value of the first communication link (i.e., the first Doppler frequency shift value) determined using the compensation values of the two communication links is more accurate.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is determined based on a third Doppler frequency shift value, a second Doppler frequency shift value, and a third compensation value; wherein the second Doppler frequency shift value is the Doppler frequency shift value of the second communication link; the third Doppler frequency shift value is the Doppler frequency shift value of the downlink signal; and the third compensation value is the frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link and the second communication link.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is the difference between the third Doppler frequency shift value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the third compensation value.
  • the terminal device can determine the first Doppler frequency shift value according to the sum of the compensation values of the two communication links (i.e., the first communication link and the second communication link) (i.e., the third compensation value), thereby reducing the resources of the compensation values of the communication links at both ends and saving signaling overhead.
  • the communication method also includes: receiving second indication information, the second indication information indicating a first compensation value and a second compensation value, or the second indication information indicating a third compensation value; wherein the first compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link; the second compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the second communication link; and the third compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link and the second communication link.
  • the network device indicates the frequency offset compensation value to the terminal device, so that the timing drift rate determined by the terminal device is more accurate.
  • the second timing drift rate is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link; wherein the second Doppler frequency shift value is the Doppler frequency shift value of the second communication link; the second timing drift rate is the quotient of the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link; or, the second timing drift rate is the quotient of the second Doppler frequency shift value and a second product, and the second product is the product of the carrier frequency of the second communication link and the sampling point interval.
  • the second Doppler frequency shift value is the product of the first movement speed and the first quotient value
  • the first quotient value is the quotient of the carrier frequency of the second communication link and the speed of light
  • the first movement speed is the relative movement speed between the terminal device and the relay device.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate of the downlink signal based on the carrier frequency of the second communication link, that is, the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the second communication link (such as the service link) (i.e., the first timing drift rate). It is understandable that the terminal device can obtain the carrier frequency of the second communication link through the downlink signal from the second communication link, avoiding the need to send separate signaling to indicate the carrier frequency of the second communication link, thus saving signaling overhead. This makes the implementation of the timing drift rate simpler and more efficient.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate according to the downlink Doppler frequency shift value (such as the first Doppler frequency shift value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, the third Doppler frequency shift value, etc.); specifically, since the method of obtaining the Doppler frequency shift value is simple and efficient, the terminal device can quickly and efficiently determine the timing drift rate, further improving the decoding efficiency of the terminal device.
  • the downlink Doppler frequency shift value such as the first Doppler frequency shift value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, the third Doppler frequency shift value, etc.
  • the first indication information indicates a first parameter
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the first indication information, including: determining the timing drift rate based on the first parameter.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the first parameter, including: when the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged, the timing drift rate is determined based on the first parameter; wherein the fourth compensation value is the timing compensation value of the uplink signal.
  • the second movement speed is the relative movement speed between the network device and the relay device.
  • the second movement speed is determined according to the change rate of the first common TA.
  • the second movement speed and the change rate of the first common TA satisfy the following relationship:
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on existing parameters (such as the change rate of the first common TA); specifically, since the change rate of the first common TA is a parameter in the existing protocol, the network device does not need to use additional resources to indicate the change rate of the first common TA to the terminal device, thereby reducing signaling overhead.
  • existing parameters such as the change rate of the first common TA
  • the second timing drift rate is determined according to the first movement speed, and the second timing drift rate and the first movement speed satisfy the following relationship:
  • the first movement speed is the relative movement speed between the terminal device and the relay device.
  • the relative movement speed between the terminal device and the relay device can be obtained by the terminal device based on the movement trajectory of the relay device (such as ephemeris information) and its own position information. That is, in the process of determining the second timing drift rate, the network device does not need to send indication information for determining the second timing drift rate to the terminal device, thereby reducing signaling overhead.
  • the first parameter further includes a second common TA change rate
  • the first motion speed is determined based on the second common TA change rate
  • the first motion speed and the change rate of the second common TA satisfy the following relationship:
  • the change rate of the second public TA is the change rate of the public TA of the second communication link.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on existing parameters (such as the change rate of the second common TA); specifically, since the change rate of the second common TA is a parameter in the existing protocol, the network device can indicate the change rate of the second common TA to the terminal device without using additional resources, thereby reducing signaling overhead.
  • existing parameters such as the change rate of the second common TA
  • the first movement speed is determined based on the satellite's ephemeris information and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the communication method also includes: receiving third indication information, the third indication information indicating whether the fourth compensation value has changed, or the third indication information indicating whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device has changed.
  • the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged.
  • the communication method also includes: receiving fourth indication information, the fourth indication information indicating whether the effective timing offset has changed.
  • the first indication information may also indicate a second parameter, where the second parameter includes a transmission angle of the first communication link, and the terminal device may determine the timing drift rate based on the second parameter.
  • the terminal device determines the timing drift rate based on the second parameter, including: the terminal device determines the first timing drift rate based on the second parameter, and further determines the timing drift rate based on the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device determines the first timing drift rate based on the second parameter, including: the terminal device can determine the second movement speed based on the second parameter, and further determine the first timing drift rate based on the second movement speed.
  • a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device, or by a component of the network device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the network device, or by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the network device functions.
  • the method includes: determining first indication information, the first indication information indicating carrier frequency information of a first communication link, or the first indication information indicating a first parameter, wherein the carrier frequency information is used to determine the carrier frequency of the first communication link, the first parameter includes a change rate of a first common timing advance (TA), the change rate of the first common TA is the change rate of the common TA of the first communication link, the first communication link is a communication link between a network device serving a terminal device and a relay device, the relay device is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device; and sending the first indication information.
  • TA first common timing advance
  • the network device can send first indication information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on the first indication information.
  • the first indication information can indicate the carrier frequency of the feeder link (i.e., the first communication link) or the rate of change of the common timing advance TA of the feeder link (i.e., the rate of change of the first common TA).
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on the carrier frequency information or the first parameter of the first communication link; further, it can also send and receive signals based on the timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device can determine the rate of change of the sampling point interval of the time domain signal (i.e., the timing drift rate) based on the carrier frequency information of the feeder link (i.e., the first communication link) or the common TA change rate of the feeder link, thereby knowing the offset of the sampling point; so that when the terminal device receives a signal, it can sample the time domain signal it receives according to the offset of the sampling point, and adaptively process the signal accordingly to improve the decoding performance.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device sends a signal, it can pre-compensate the sampling point offset of the time domain signal it sends according to the offset of the sampling point, so that when the signal reaches the network device, it can offset the timing drift on the first communication link and the second communication link, further improving the decoding performance of the network device.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the processing module may be configured to implement the processing functionality of any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof.
  • the transceiver module may include a receiving module and a transmitting module, respectively configured to implement the receiving functionality and the transmitting functionality of any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof.
  • the transceiver module may be composed of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.
  • a communication device comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the communication device performs the method described in any one aspect.
  • the communication device can be the terminal device in the first aspect or the network device in the second aspect, or a device included in the terminal device or network device, such as a chip or chip system.
  • the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the implementation method, and the module, unit, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing the corresponding software implementation.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions.
  • a communication device comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction so that the communication device performs the method described in any aspect.
  • the communication device can be the terminal device in the first aspect or the network device in the second aspect, or a device included in the terminal device or network device, such as a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the implementation method, and the module, unit, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or by executing the corresponding software implementation through hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions.
  • the interface circuit can be a code/data read/write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer execution instructions (the computer execution instructions are stored in the memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor so that the processor runs the computer execution instructions to execute the method described in any of the above aspects.
  • the communication device further includes a memory for storing computer programs or instructions.
  • the processor and the memory are integrated together, or the processor and the memory are separately provided.
  • the memory is coupled to the processor and is external to the communication device.
  • a communication device comprising: at least one processor; the processor is configured to execute a computer program or instruction so that the communication device performs the method described in any one aspect.
  • the communication device may be the terminal device in the first aspect or the network device in the second aspect, or a device included in the terminal device or network device, such as a chip or chip system.
  • the communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the implementation method, and the module, unit, or means may be implemented by hardware, software, or by executing the corresponding software implementation by hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions.
  • the communication device includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data.
  • the memory may be coupled to the processor or may be independent of the processor.
  • the device when it is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip or include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • the communication device provided in any one of the third to sixth aspects is a chip
  • the sending action/function of the communication device can be understood as output information
  • the receiving action/function of the communication device can be understood as input information
  • a computer-readable storage medium in which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • the communication device can execute the method described in any one of the aspects.
  • a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute the method described in any one of the aspects.
  • a communication system which includes a communication device which may be a terminal device in the first aspect (or a device contained in the terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system) or a network device in the second aspect (or a device contained in the network device, such as a chip or a chip system).
  • the technical effects brought about by any design method in the third to ninth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by different design methods in the above-mentioned first or second aspects, and will not be repeated here.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a downlink configuration effective time provided by the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of extended network coverage provided by the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of sampling point timing drift provided by the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided by the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided by the present application.
  • FIG7 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG8 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG9 is a flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a transmission angle of a first communication link provided by the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in this application.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “for example” is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner to facilitate understanding.
  • NTN Non-terrestrial networks
  • NR Fifth - generation new radio
  • the NR standard protocol is a wireless communication technology designed for terrestrial cellular network scenarios, providing users with low-latency, ultra-reliable, ultra-high-speed, and extensive wireless communication services.
  • cellular networks cannot provide seamless global coverage. For example, in areas without terrestrial base stations, such as oceans, polar regions, and rainforests, voice and data services cannot be provided in areas covered by cellular networks.
  • NTN communications Compared to terrestrial communications, NTN communications offer significant advantages, including global coverage, long-distance transmission, flexible networking, easy deployment, and freedom from geographical constraints. They have been widely used in a variety of fields, including maritime communications, positioning and navigation, disaster relief, scientific experiments, video broadcasting, and Earth observation. NTN networks can be integrated with terrestrial networks, leveraging their strengths and complementing their weaknesses to form a seamless, integrated global communications network covering land, sea, air, space, and ground, meeting the diverse service needs of users everywhere.
  • NTN Communications utilizes uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), high-altitude platforms, satellites, and other equipment to form networks and provide data transmission, voice communication, and other services to user equipment (UE).
  • UAVs uncrewed aerial vehicles
  • UE user equipment
  • Satellite-based networking systems are referred to as satellite communications systems.
  • kmac is a parameter introduced for delayed effectiveness when the uplink and downlink frame timings of the base station are not aligned.
  • the user equipment (UE) can send a feedback signal of the MAC CE signaling (such as the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-acknowledgement character (ACK) of MAC CE) to the base station in time slot (slot) n.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • ACK acknowledgenowledgement character
  • the UE assumes that the downlink configuration takes effect in time slot The first time slot after that; that is, the downlink configuration takes effect in the time slot (i.e. the effective time shown in (a) of Figure 1 is the time slot The number of time slots in a subframe when the subcarrier spacing is 2 ⁇ * 15 kilohertz.
  • X is a non-negative integer specified in the protocol or configured through parameters.
  • the downlink configuration indicated by the MAC CE signaling includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: resource configuration of zero power (ZP) channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), deactivation of resource configuration of the effective downlink ZP CSI-RS, activation/deactivation of semi-static CSI reporting configuration, activation/deactivation of CSI-RS/CSI-interference measurement (IM) resource configuration, and mapping relationship between the transmission configuration indicator (TCI) status and the code points in the downlink control information (DCI) domain.
  • ZP zero power
  • CSI-RS channel state information-reference signal
  • IM CSI-interference measurement
  • TCI transmission configuration indicator
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the base station Since there is a time delay between the UE sending the feedback signal and the base station receiving the feedback signal, the base station needs to perform timing compensation on the uplink signal (i.e., including the feedback signal) (i.e., the size of the compensation value is the value by which the base station extends the receiving window of the uplink signal) to ensure that the uplink signal and the feedback signal are successfully received.
  • the uplink signal i.e., including the feedback signal
  • the size of the compensation value is the value by which the base station extends the receiving window of the uplink signal
  • the kmac parameter is introduced.
  • the UE assumes that the downlink configuration is effective in the time slot The first time slot after that; that is, the downlink configuration takes effect in the time slot ((i.e. the effective time shown in (b) of Figure 1 is the time slot).
  • the value of kmac is greater than or equal to the timing compensation value of the uplink signal (i.e., the feedback signal). This ensures that the downlink configuration takes effect after the base station receives the feedback signal. Furthermore, this ensures that the base station and the UE are aligned on the downlink configuration's effective time.
  • Doppler shift refers to the change in phase and frequency caused by the difference in transmission distance when a mobile station moves in a certain direction at a constant speed. This change is usually simplified as Doppler shift. It reveals the law that the properties of waves change during motion.
  • NCR Network-controlled repeaters
  • NCR is a technology used to extend network coverage in terrestrial communication networks. As shown in Figure 2(a), when a base station signal is blocked by a building, NCR can be used to forward the base station signal, bypassing the building and extending the base station's coverage area. As a device that amplifies and forwards signals between the base station and the user equipment (UE), the NCR can be considered a transparent forwarding node (or simply a transparent node).
  • the NCR consists of the NCR-mobile termination (MT) and the NCR-forwarding (Fwd) network element.
  • the NCR-MT is connected to the base station via the Uu port and controls the NCR using a control link (C-link).
  • the NCR can receive control information from the base station via the Uu port.
  • the NCR-Fwd network element forwards data between the base station and the UE.
  • the base station can send data to the NCR-Fwd network element via a backhaul link (BH), which in turn sends the data to the UE via an access link.
  • BH backhaul link
  • NCR's research focuses only on static scenarios (i.e., the signal transmitter and receiver are relatively stationary, or nearly stationary), and does not address high-dynamic scenarios (i.e., the signal transmitter and receiver are in relatively high-speed motion).
  • satellite communications scenarios involving communication between a satellite/aircraft platform and a base station, and/or between a satellite/aircraft platform and a base station, involve relatively high-speed motion between the transmitter and receiver.
  • information from a UE can be forwarded by a satellite/flight platform via an inter-satellite link (ISL) or a satellite-to-ground link to a gateway, a communication gateway, or a ground station, thereby establishing a connection with a core network or the Internet.
  • ISL inter-satellite link
  • information from a gateway, a communication gateway, or a ground station can also be forwarded by a satellite/flight platform to the UE via an ISL or a satellite-to-ground link.
  • the satellite/flight platform acts as a relay between the gateway (or communication gateway or ground station) and the UE, enabling communication between the gateway (or ground station) and the UE.
  • the interaction between a gateway and a UE is used as an example for description below. It is hereby uniformly explained that the implementation of the interaction between the communication gateway or ground station and the UE is similar to the interaction between the gateway and the UE in the following embodiments. For details, reference can be made to the relevant description of the interaction between the gateway and the UE below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the relatively high-speed motion between the relay device (i.e., satellite/flight platform) and the gateway station/UE will cause large sampling point timing drift, resulting in a significant degradation of decoding performance at the receiving end or even decoding failure.
  • sampling points are represented by unidirectional arrows, where dotted unidirectional arrows represent sampling points of the signal when the gateway station transmits the signal or the time interval of the discrete-time signal corresponding to the signal transmitted by the gateway station; solid unidirectional arrows represent sampling points of the signal received by the relay device or the time interval of the discrete-time signal corresponding to the signal received by the relay device, and sampling points of the signal received by the UE or the time interval of the discrete-time signal corresponding to the signal received by the UE, respectively.
  • sampling point interval of the signal received by the UE changes (e.g., the sampling point interval increases) compared to the sampling point interval of the signal sent by the gateway, or the time interval of the discrete time signal corresponding to the signal received by the UE changes.
  • This phenomenon is called sampling point timing drift (or simply timing drift).
  • timing drift refers to the change in the sampling point interval during the signal's transmission from the transmitter to the receiver.
  • the sampling point interval of the signal received by the UE is not uniformly spaced, but increases sequentially, compared to the sampling point interval of the signal sent by the gateway.
  • the UE determines the sampling point offset and, further, process the signal to ensure decoding performance.
  • the timing drift rate for ease of description, referred to as the timing drift rate in the following embodiments
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method and apparatus, wherein a terminal device can determine a timing drift rate based on an indication (i.e., first indication information) from a network device.
  • the first indication information may indicate the carrier frequency of a feeder link (i.e., a first communication link) or the rate of change of a common timing advance TA of the feeder link (i.e., the rate of change of a first common TA).
  • the terminal device can determine a timing drift rate based on the carrier frequency information or the first parameter of the first communication link; further, it can also send and receive signals based on the timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device can determine the rate of change of the sampling point interval of the time domain signal (i.e., the timing drift rate) based on the carrier frequency information of the feeder link (i.e., the first communication link) or the common TA change rate of the feeder link, thereby knowing the offset of the sampling point; so that when the terminal device receives a signal, it can sample the time domain signal it receives according to the offset of the sampling point, and adaptively process the signal accordingly to improve the decoding performance.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device sends a signal, it can pre-compensate the sampling point offset of the time domain signal it sends according to the offset of the sampling point, so that when the signal reaches the network device, it can offset the timing drift on the first communication link and the second communication link, further improving the decoding performance of the network device.
  • the technical solution provided in this application can be used in various communication systems, which may be cellular systems related to the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as the fourth generation (4G) long term evolution (LTE) system, the evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A) system, the 5G new radio (NR) system, the vehicle to everything (V2X) system, the LTE and NR hybrid networking system, or the device-to-device (D2D) system, the machine to machine (M2M) communication system, the Internet of Things (IoT), and other next-generation communication systems.
  • 4G fourth generation
  • LTE-A evolved LTE system
  • NR 5G new radio
  • V2X vehicle to everything
  • LTE and NR hybrid networking system or the device-to-device (D2D) system
  • D2D device-to-device
  • M2M machine to machine
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • the communication system may be a non-3GPP communication system, such as an open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, or a communication system that integrates multiple of the above communication systems, which is not limited in this application.
  • O-RAN open radio access network
  • CRAN cloud radio access network
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • the above-mentioned communication system applicable to the present application is only an example, and the communication system applicable to the present application is not limited to this. It is uniformly described here and will not be repeated below.
  • the present application provides an exemplary communication system.
  • the communication system may include at least one terminal device, at least one relay device, and at least one network device.
  • the relay device is used to implement communication between the terminal device and the network device.
  • At least two of the network device, the relay device, and the terminal device move at a relatively high speed, causing a timing drift in a sampling point of a signal during signal transmission between the network device and the terminal device.
  • relay devices can be divided into transparent mode and regeneration mode according to their operating mode.
  • transparent mode the relay device has relay forwarding functions, i.e., transparent forwarding functions.
  • regeneration mode the relay device has strong data processing capabilities and has some or all of the functions of a base station.
  • the timing drift of the signal sampling point is caused by the following two scenarios:
  • Scenario 1 The terminal device and/or network equipment undergoes relative high-speed movement, causing timing drift of the signal sampling points.
  • the network device is stationary or approximately stationary relative to the ground, and the terminal device moves at high speed; or, the terminal device is stationary or approximately stationary relative to the ground, and the network device moves at high speed; or, both the network device and the terminal device move at high speed, and the terminal device moves at high speed relative to the network device.
  • being approximately stationary relative to the ground can be understood as: the device is not stationary relative to the ground, but the movement speed of the device can be ignored.
  • the communication system provided by this application includes but is not limited to: ground communication scenario and air-to-ground (ATG) communication scenario.
  • FIG4 shows a communication architecture for a terrestrial communication scenario applied by the communication system of the present application.
  • the network device when the network device is stationary or approximately stationary relative to the ground and the terminal device is moving at high speed, the network device is deployed on the ground (such as 101 in (a) of FIG4 ). Accordingly, the terminal device can be deployed in a device that can move quickly; for example, the terminal device can be deployed in an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV), a high-speed rail, etc. (such as 102 and/or 103 in (a) of FIG4 ).
  • UAV uncrewed aerial vehicle
  • a high-speed rail etc.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device is stationary or approximately stationary relative to the ground and the network device is moving at high speed, the terminal device can be deployed on the ground or in a device that is stationary relative to the ground (104 in (a) of FIG4 ); accordingly, the network device can be deployed in a device that can move quickly (103 in (a) of FIG4 ).
  • the terminal device when both the network device and the terminal device are moving at high speed, and the terminal device and the network device are moving at high speed relative to each other, the terminal device may be 102 in (a) of FIG4 , and the network device may be deployed at 103 in (a) of FIG4 .
  • the terminal device may be deployed at 103 in (a) of FIG4
  • the network device may be deployed at 102 in (a) of FIG4 .
  • FIG4 is a communication architecture of an ATG communication scenario applied by the communication system of the present application.
  • the terminal device may include a high-altitude aircraft, a handheld terminal on an aircraft, etc., and the network device may include a ground base station.
  • the terminal device may be 204 in Figure 4(b), and the corresponding network device may be 201 in Figure 4(b); or the terminal device may be 205 in Figure 4(b), and the corresponding network device may be 202 in Figure 4(b); or the terminal device may be 206 in Figure 4(b), and the corresponding network device may be 203 in Figure 4(b).
  • the network device is stationary or nearly stationary relative to the ground, while the terminal device may be moving at high speed.
  • the relay device used to realize communication between the terminal device and the network device can be relatively stationary with the network device; or, the relay device can be relatively stationary with the terminal device; or, the relay device can move relatively high-speed with the network device, and the relay device and the terminal device move relatively high-speed.
  • the implementation of the relay device is not shown in (a) in Figure 4 and (b) in Figure 4.
  • Scenario 2 The relay device moves at a high speed relative to the terminal device and/or the network device, causing the signal sampling point to drift in timing.
  • the relay device can be deployed on a satellite. Therefore, the communication method provided in this application can be applicable to satellite communication scenarios, that is, the communication system can be a satellite communication system.
  • the relay device can be the satellite itself, or it can be a device deployed on the satellite.
  • FIG. 4 shows a communication architecture of a satellite communication system applied by the communication system of the present application.
  • the terminal device may include but is not limited to one or more of 302 to 306 in (c) of Figure 4; the network device may be 301 in (c) of Figure 4; in addition, the relay device may be 307 in (c) of Figure 4.
  • the network equipment is used as an example to deploy the gateway station and the ground base station (i.e., 301 in (c) of Figure 4).
  • the gateway station and the ground base station can also be deployed separately; in this case, the feeder link refers to the communication link between the gateway station and the ground base station, and the communication link between the gateway station and the relay device.
  • the timing drift mainly occurs on the communication link between the gateway station and the relay device; therefore, when the gateway station and the ground base station can also be deployed separately, the network device mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can refer to the gateway station, and accordingly, the feeder link refers to the communication link between the gateway station and the relay device.
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present application is a device that connects a terminal device to a wireless network.
  • the network device may be a node in a wireless access network, which may also be called a base station, or a radio access network (RAN) node (or device).
  • RAN radio access network
  • the network device may include an evolved NodeB (eNB) or e-NodeB in an LTE or LTE-A system, such as a traditional macro eNB and a micro eNB in a heterogeneous network scenario.
  • the network device may include a next-generation NodeB (gNB) for wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA).
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • gNB next-generation NodeB for wideband code division multiple access
  • the network device may include a transmission reception point (TRP), a home base station (e.g., a home evolved NodeB or home NodeB, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), a baseband pool (BBU pool), a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or code division multiple access (CDMA) network, or a WiFi access point (AP).
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • HNB home evolved NodeB or home NodeB
  • BBU baseband unit
  • BBU pool base transceiver station
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • AP WiFi access point
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • the network device may serve as a layer 1 (L1) relay, or as a base station, or as a distributed unit (DU), or as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node.
  • L1 layer 1
  • DU distributed unit
  • IAB integrated access and backhaul
  • it may be a gateway station or a ground station.
  • the network device may be a device that implements a base station function in the IoT, such as a device that implements a base station function in V2X, D2D, or machine-to-machine (M2M) networks, or it may include an in-vehicle device or a wearable device, or it may include a network device in a 5G network or a public land mobile network (PLMN) that evolves after 5G, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • a base station function in the IoT such as a device that implements a base station function in V2X, D2D, or machine-to-machine (M2M) networks
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the network device in the embodiments of the present application may also be a module or unit that can implement some of the functions of a base station.
  • the network device may be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU).
  • the CU and DU may be separately configured or included in the same network element, a baseband unit (BBU), i.e., a BBU may include at least one CU and at least one DU.
  • BBU baseband unit
  • the RU may be included in a radio frequency device or radio frequency unit; for example, in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • AAU active antenna unit
  • RRH remote radio head
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the framework of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the CU and DU are included in the same BBU, and the RU is included in the radio frequency unit.
  • the network device shown in Figure 5 can communicate with the core network (CN) device through the BH link, and the network device can also communicate with the terminal device through the air interface.
  • the BBU in the network device communicates with the CN device through the BH link
  • the RU in the network device communicates with at least one terminal device through the air interface.
  • the BBU can communicate with at least one RU through the fronthaul link, and the BBU and RU may be co-located or not.
  • the communication system includes a RAN intelligent controller (RIC).
  • the RIC includes a near-real-time RIC (near-RT RIC) and a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC).
  • the near-real-time RIC is used for model training and reasoning. For example, it is used to train an artificial intelligence (AI) model and use the AI model for reasoning.
  • the near-real-time RIC can obtain network-side and/or terminal-side information from network devices (e.g., CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and/or RU) and/or terminal devices. This information can be used as training data or reasoning data.
  • the near-real-time RIC can deliver inference results to network devices and/or terminal devices.
  • inference results can be exchanged between the CU and DU, and/or between the DU and RU.
  • the near-real-time RIC delivers inference results to the DU, which then sends them to the RU. This enables near-real-time intelligent management of the RAN.
  • Data collection and related operations on the E2 interface enable near-real-time control and optimization of O-RAN modules and resources.
  • non-real-time RIC is used for model training and reasoning. For example, it is used to train an AI model and use the model for reasoning.
  • Non-real-time RIC can obtain network-side and/or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and/or RU) and/or terminal devices. This information can be used as training data or reasoning data, and the reasoning result can be submitted to the network device and/or terminal device.
  • the reasoning results can be exchanged between the CU and the DU, and/or between the DU and the RU.
  • the non-real-time RIC submits the reasoning result to the DU, and the DU sends it to the RU.
  • the near real-time RIC and the non-real-time RIC may also be separately configured as a network element.
  • near real-time RIC and non-real-time RIC can also be part of other devices.
  • near real-time RIC is set in network equipment (for example, CU, DU), while non-real-time RIC is set in operations and maintenance (OAM), cloud servers, core network equipment, or other network equipment.
  • OAM operations and maintenance
  • O-RAN central unit used to implement the radio resource control (RRC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer and other control functions in the 3GPP standard.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • O-RAN central unit control plane Similar to the CU-CP in the NR system, it implements the functions of the RRC layer and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer. It is part of the O-CU.
  • O-RAN central unit user plane Similar to the CU-UP in the NR system, it implements the user plane functions of the SDAP layer and the PDCP layer. It is part of the O-CU.
  • O-RAN distributed unit Based on low-layer functional division, it implements the radio link control (RLC), MAC, and higher physical layer (Higher PHY) layers specified in the 3GPP standard.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • Higher PHY physical layer
  • Higher physical layer functions include one or more of the following: feedforward error correction (FEC) encoding/decoding, scrambling/descrambling, or modulation/demodulation.
  • FEC feedforward error correction
  • the O-RAN radio unit is a 3GPP radio unit (RTU) that implements the lower physical layer (Lower PHY) and radio frequency (RF) functions specified in the 3GPP standard.
  • These lower physical layer functions include one or more of the following: fast Fourier transform (FFT)/inverse fast Fourier transform (iFFT), digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering.
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • iFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • PRACH physical random access channel extraction and filtering.
  • This unit is similar to the TRP or RRH in 3GPP, but includes lower physical layer functions such as FFT/iFFT or PRACH extraction.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present application may include various forms of base stations, such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, home base stations, TRPs, transmission points (TPs), mobile switching centers, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.
  • macro base stations such as: macro base stations, micro base stations (also called small stations), relay stations, access points, home base stations, TRPs, transmission points (TPs), mobile switching centers, etc.
  • TPs transmission points
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a user-side device for implementing wireless communication functions, such as a terminal or a chip that can be used in a terminal.
  • the terminal may be a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a terminal agent or a terminal apparatus in a 5G network or a PLMN evolved after 5G.
  • UE user equipment
  • the access terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device or a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, an industrial control (IC) terminal device, or a similar device.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • a handheld device with wireless communication function a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem
  • an in-vehicle device or a wearable device a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, an industrial control (IC) terminal device, or a similar device.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • IC industrial control
  • the terminal may include a wireless terminal in autonomous driving, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine or telehealth services, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a wireless data card, a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, and the like.
  • the terminal may be a terminal with communication capabilities in the IoT, such as a terminal in V2X (e.g., a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) device), a terminal in D2D communication, or a terminal in M2M communication.
  • the terminal may be mobile or fixed.
  • network devices and terminal devices, network devices and network devices, or terminal devices and terminal devices can communicate through authorized spectrum, or can communicate through unauthorized spectrum, or can communicate through both authorized spectrum and unauthorized spectrum.
  • network devices and terminal devices, network devices and network devices, or terminal devices and terminal devices may communicate using a spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), or may communicate using a spectrum above 6 GHz, or may communicate using both a spectrum below 6 GHz and a spectrum above 6 GHz.
  • GHz gigahertz
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communications.
  • the relay device can perform some or all of the steps in the embodiment of the present application, and these steps or operations are only examples.
  • the embodiment of the present application can also perform other operations or variations of various operations.
  • the various steps can be performed in a different order than those presented in the embodiment of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiment of the present application need to be performed.
  • the communication method may include the following steps S701 to S705:
  • the network device determines first indication information, where the first indication information indicates carrier frequency information of a first communication link, or the first indication information indicates a first parameter.
  • the first communication link is a communication link between a network device serving a terminal device and a relay device, which is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.
  • the relay device can be deployed on a satellite or an aerial platform. Accordingly, the communication link between the network device and the relay device (i.e., the first communication link) can be a feeder link.
  • the carrier frequency information is used to determine the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the first parameter includes a rate of change of a first common timing advance (common TA drift rate), where the first common TA drift rate is the rate of change of a common TA of the first communication link.
  • the carrier frequency information of the first communication link includes but is not limited to any of the following items: the size of the carrier frequency of the first communication link, the index number of the carrier frequency of the first communication link, a parameter corresponding to the carrier frequency of the first communication link, an intermediate parameter for calculating the carrier frequency of the first communication link, and an offset value of the carrier frequency of the first communication link relative to the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • the second communication link is a communication link between the terminal device and the relay device.
  • the second communication link can also be understood as a service link.
  • the first indication information can be carried in any of the following broadcast information: system information block (SIB) 1, SIB19, other system information (OSI), master system information block (MIB), and physical broadcast channel.
  • SIB system information block
  • OSI system information block
  • MIB master system information block
  • physical broadcast channel any of the following broadcast information: system information block (SIB) 1, SIB19, other system information (OSI), master system information block (MIB), and physical broadcast channel.
  • the broadcast information used to carry the first indication information may be broadcast or multicasted by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the network device sends the first indication information to the terminal device in a broadcast or multicast manner to avoid scheduling different resources for different terminal devices in order to send the first indication information, thereby saving the signaling overhead of scheduling resources and reducing the system scheduling complexity.
  • the first indication information can be carried in any of the following signaling: radio resource control (RRC) (for example, RRC setup message, RRC reconfiguration signaling (RRCReconfiguration), RRC recovery signaling (RRCResume)), DCI, group DCI, MAC CE, timing advance command (TAC).
  • RRC radio resource control
  • RRCReconfiguration RRC reconfiguration signaling
  • RRCResume RRC recovery signaling
  • TAC timing advance command
  • the first indication information may be unicast or multicast sent to the terminal device along with the data transmission or in a separately allocated physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) bearer.
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the network device can flexibly control the parameter value of each terminal device/group of terminal devices. For example, different parameter values can be configured for the terminal devices based on their different locations or different areas to achieve the purpose of optimizing system parameters and optimizing the communication performance of the terminal device/system communication performance.
  • the network device sends first indication information to the relay apparatus.
  • the relay apparatus receives the first indication information from the network device.
  • the network device sends the first indication information to the relay device via the first communication link.
  • the relay device receives the first indication information from the network device via the first communication link.
  • the relay device sends first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives the first indication information from the relay device.
  • the relay device sends the first indication information to the relay device via the second communication link.
  • the terminal device receives the first indication information from the relay device via the second communication link.
  • the terminal device determines a timing drift rate based on the first indication information, wherein the timing drift rate indicates a rate of change of a sampling point interval of a time domain signal or a rate of change of a discrete time signal time interval corresponding to the time domain signal.
  • the rate of change of the sampling point interval of the time domain signal can be understood as: the rate of change of the sampling point interval of the signal received by the terminal device compared to the sampling point interval of the signal sent by the network device, that is, the length of time per unit time over which the sampling point interval of the signal received by the receiving end increases or decreases, or the length of time per unit time over which the time interval of the discrete-time signal corresponding to the signal received by the receiving end increases or decreases.
  • the rate of change of the sampling point interval of the signal received by the terminal device compared to the sampling point interval of the signal sent by the network device, that is, the length of time per unit time over which the sampling point interval of the signal received by the receiving end increases or decreases, or the length of time per unit time over which the time interval of the discrete-time signal corresponding to the signal received by the receiving end increases or decreases.
  • the terminal device determines the timing drift rate based on the first indication information, including the terminal device determining the timing drift rate based on the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the terminal device determines the timing drift rate based on the first indication information, including the terminal device determining the timing drift rate based on the first parameter.
  • S705 The terminal device sends and receives signals according to the timing drift rate.
  • a terminal device when a terminal device receives a signal based on a timing drift rate, after determining the timing drift rate, the terminal device can determine a sampling point offset based on the timing drift rate, and then adaptively determine a receiving window to ensure decoding performance of the terminal device.
  • the received information can be resampled based on the sampling point offset to obtain corresponding information, thereby ensuring decoding performance of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device receives and sends signals based on the timing drift rate, after determining the timing drift rate, the terminal device can determine the offset of the sampling point based on the timing drift rate, and then pre-compensate the sampling point offset of the uplink signal (for example, by resampling), so that when the uplink signal reaches the network device, the timing drift on the first communication link and the second communication link can be offset, thereby ensuring the decoding performance of the network device.
  • the communication method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application enable a terminal device to determine a timing drift rate based on an indication from a network device (i.e., first indication information).
  • the first indication information may indicate a carrier frequency of a feeder link (i.e., a first communication link) or a rate of change of a common timing advance TA of the feeder link (i.e., a rate of change of a first common TA).
  • the terminal device may determine a timing drift rate based on the carrier frequency information or the first parameter of the first communication link; further, the terminal device may also transmit and receive signals based on the timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device can determine the rate of change of the sampling point interval of the time domain signal (i.e., the timing drift rate) based on the carrier frequency information of the feeder link (i.e., the first communication link) or the common TA change rate of the feeder link, thereby knowing the offset of the sampling point; so that when the terminal device receives a signal, it can sample the time domain signal it receives according to the offset of the sampling point, and adaptively process the signal accordingly to improve the decoding performance.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device sends a signal, it can pre-compensate the sampling point offset of the time domain signal it sends according to the offset of the sampling point, so that when the signal reaches the network device, it can offset the timing drift on the first communication link and the second communication link, further improving the decoding performance of the network device.
  • the timing drift rate is the sum of a first timing drift rate and a second timing drift rate; wherein the first timing drift rate is the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the first communication link; and the second timing drift rate is the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the second communication link.
  • the downlink signal includes but is not limited to a synchronization signal (SS), a reference signal (RS), a control signal, and a data signal.
  • SS synchronization signal
  • RS reference signal
  • control signal control signal
  • data signal data signal
  • T DR represents a timing drift rate
  • T DR1 represents a first timing drift rate
  • T DR2 represents a second timing drift rate
  • the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the first communication link i.e., the first timing drift rate
  • the timing drift rate of the downlink signal on the second communication link i.e., the second timing drift rate
  • the timing drift rate of the downlink signal i.e., the sum of the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate
  • the terminal device may determine the timing drift rate based on the following two situations:
  • Case 1 The first indication information indicates the carrier frequency information of the first communication link.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link. For example, the timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link and the downlink Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the downlink Doppler shift value includes the Doppler shift value of the first communication link (which can be simply referred to as the first Doppler shift value), the Doppler shift value of the second communication link (which can be simply referred to as the second Doppler shift value), or the Doppler shift value of the downlink signal or the Doppler shift value detected based on the downlink signal (which can be simply referred to as the third Doppler shift value).
  • whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate may be predetermined by the network device and the terminal device.
  • the protocol predefines that a terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; or predefines that a terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate. This avoids sending separate signaling to indicate whether a terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate, saving signaling overhead.
  • whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate may also be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the first indication information may indicate whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the first indication information can be represented by 1 bit.
  • the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 0, it indicates that the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the 1 bit is 0, it indicates that the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the above is explained using the example of the first indication information indicating whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the information used to indicate whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate may also be other indication information in addition to the first indication information.
  • the implementation of this indication information is similar to the implementation of the above-mentioned first indication information. For details, please refer to the relevant description of the above-mentioned first indication information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on carrier frequency information of the first communication link. Further, when the terminal device can use a downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate, the first timing drift rate can be determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link.
  • the terminal device may determine the first timing drift rate based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link, and further determine the timing drift rate based on the first timing drift rate.
  • the first timing drift rate may be the quotient of the first Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the first timing drift rate may be the quotient of the first Doppler frequency shift value and a first product, where the first product is the product of the carrier frequency ( fe ) of the first communication link and the sampling point interval.
  • the first timing drift rate, the first Doppler frequency shift value, and the carrier frequency of the first communication link satisfy the following relationship (2):
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • Fe represents the first Doppler frequency shift value
  • fe represents the carrier frequency of the first communication link
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval, that is, the sampling point interval of the downlink signal when the network device sends the downlink signal
  • fe * Ts is the first product.
  • the timing drift rate when the parameter used to determine the timing drift rate includes the sampling point interval, the timing drift rate represents the number of sampling points of timing drift per unit time; when the parameter used to determine the timing drift rate does not include the sampling point interval, the timing drift rate represents the duration of the timing drift of the sampling points per unit time.
  • the parameter used to determine the timing drift rate may include the sampling point interval.
  • the sampling point interval is unknown or there are multiple sampling point intervals
  • the parameter used to determine the timing drift rate may not include the sampling point interval.
  • the scheme for determining the timing drift rate can be applicable to a variety of communication scenarios with different sampling point intervals, and is more versatile than the scheme for determining the timing drift rate using the sampling point interval.
  • the terminal device can use a downlink Doppler shift value to determine the timing drift rate, the terminal device can determine the first Doppler shift value based on two parameters: a second Doppler shift value and a third Doppler shift value.
  • the second Doppler shift value is the Doppler shift value of the downlink signal on the second communication link or the Doppler shift value of the second communication link
  • the third Doppler shift value is the Doppler shift value of the downlink signal or a Doppler shift value detected based on the downlink signal.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value can be calculated using the following relationship (3).
  • Fe represents the first Doppler frequency shift value
  • F D represents the third Doppler frequency shift value
  • F S represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • the second Doppler frequency shift value is the product of the first movement speed and the first quotient value
  • the first quotient value is the quotient of the carrier frequency of the second communication link and the speed of light
  • the first movement speed is the relative movement speed between the terminal device and the relay device.
  • the second Doppler shift value, the first motion speed, the carrier frequency of the second communication link, and the speed of light may satisfy the following relationship (4):
  • F S v*f s /c Relationship (4)
  • F S represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • v represents the first movement speed
  • f s represents the carrier frequency of the second communication link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • the first movement speed is determined by the terminal device based on the satellite's ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information.
  • the terminal device may obtain information such as the relay device's movement direction, movement speed, and location based on the satellite's ephemeris information, and further determine the first movement speed based on the terminal device's location information.
  • the satellite's ephemeris information can be replaced with the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform. That is, the first motion speed is determined by the terminal device based on the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform and the terminal device's location information.
  • the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform can be preset, or can be communicated to the terminal device by a network device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the carrier frequency of the second communication link may be obtained by the terminal device by detecting a downlink signal transmitted through the second communication link.
  • the third Doppler frequency shift value may be obtained by the terminal device by detecting downlink signals passing through the first communication link and the second communication link.
  • the second timing drift rate is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • the terminal device may determine the second timing drift rate based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link, and further, may determine the timing drift rate in combination with the first timing drift rate.
  • the second timing drift rate can be determined according to the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the implementation of the timing drift rate can be determined by referring to the relevant descriptions of the above five examples, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second timing drift rate is the quotient of the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link; or, the second timing drift rate is the quotient of the second Doppler frequency shift value and a second product, and the second product is the product of the carrier frequency of the second communication link and the sampling point interval.
  • the second timing drift rate, the second Doppler shift value, and the carrier frequency of the second communication link satisfy the following relationship (5):
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • F s represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • f s represents the carrier frequency of the second communication link
  • T s represents the sampling point interval, that is, the sampling point interval of the downlink signal when the network device sends the downlink signal; at this time, the product of f s *T s is the second product.
  • relationship (1) can be replaced by the parameters in relationships (2) and (5).
  • relationship (1) can be transformed into the following relationship (6):
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • Fe represents the first Doppler frequency shift value
  • fe represents the carrier frequency of the first communication link
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval
  • Fs represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • fs represents the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • the first Doppler shift value when the relay device and the network device are moving away from each other, the first Doppler shift value may be negative; in this case, the first timing drift rate is positive.
  • the first Doppler shift value When the relay device and the network device are moving toward each other, the first Doppler shift value may be positive; in this case, the first timing drift rate is negative.
  • the first timing drift rate when the first timing drift rate is a positive number, it indicates that the sampling point intervals of the downlink signal received by the relay device are getting larger; when the first timing drift rate is a negative number, it indicates that the sampling point intervals of the downlink signal received by the relay device are getting smaller.
  • the second Doppler shift value can be negative; in this case, the second timing drift rate is positive.
  • the second Doppler shift value can be positive; in this case, the second timing drift rate is also negative.
  • the second timing drift rate when the second timing drift rate is a positive number, it indicates that the sampling point intervals of the downlink signal received by the terminal device are getting larger; when the second timing drift rate is a negative number, it indicates that the sampling point intervals of the downlink signal received by the terminal device are getting smaller.
  • the above relationship (6) can be transformed into any one of the following relationships (6-1), (6-2), and (6-3):
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • Fe represents the first Doppler frequency shift value
  • fe represents the carrier frequency of the first communication link
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval
  • Fs represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • fs represents the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate can also be determined based on whether the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal.
  • the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal, it means that the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; if the network device does not perform frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal, it means that the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • whether the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal may be predetermined by the network device and the terminal device. This avoids sending separate signaling to indicate whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate (or whether the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal), saving signaling overhead.
  • the network device is predefined through a protocol not to perform frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal; or, the network device is predefined through a protocol to perform frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal.
  • whether the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal may also be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the first indication information may indicate whether the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal.
  • the first indication information can be represented by 1 bit.
  • the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal, and/or the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 0, it indicates that the network device does not perform frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal, and/or the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the network device does not perform frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal, and/or the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the first indication information indicating whether the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal.
  • the information used to indicate whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate may also be other indication information in addition to the first indication information.
  • the implementation of this indication information is similar to the implementation of the above-mentioned first indication information. For details, please refer to the relevant description of the above-mentioned first indication information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on carrier frequency information of the first communication link. Further, when the network device does not perform frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal, the first timing drift rate may be determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the first Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the implementation of the first timing drift rate, the first Doppler frequency shift value, and the carrier frequency of the first communication link can be referred to the relevant description in the first example above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can determine the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value can be calculated using the above relationship (3).
  • the terminal device determines the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the description of the above relationship (3) may be referred to and will not be repeated here.
  • the second timing drift rate is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • the implementation of the second timing drift rate, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the carrier frequency of the second communication link can refer to the relevant description in the first example above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate.
  • the timing drift rate, the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate can satisfy the above relationship (1). For details, please refer to the relevant description of the above relationship (1), which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device may determine the timing drift rate by using the downlink Doppler frequency shift value, or may determine the timing drift rate according to the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the terminal device when the first indication information indicates the carrier frequency information of the first communication link, that is, the terminal device can obtain the carrier frequency of the first communication link according to the first indication information, it indicates that the network device does not pre-compensate the downlink signal for frequency deviation, and/or, the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; when the first indication information indicates other information (such as the first parameter) other than the carrier frequency information of the first communication link or the network device does not indicate the carrier frequency information of the first communication link to the terminal device, that is, the terminal device cannot obtain the carrier frequency of the first communication link according to the first indication information or the network device does not send the first indication information, it indicates that the network device pre-compensates the downlink signal for frequency deviation, and/or, the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the first indication information indicates other information (such as the first parameter) other than the carrier frequency information of the first communication link or the network device does not indicate the carrier frequency information of the first
  • the carrier frequency of the first communication link when the carrier frequency of the first communication link is 0, it indicates that the network device performs frequency deviation pre-compensation on the downlink signal, and/or the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; when the carrier frequency of the first communication link is not 0, it indicates that the network device does not perform frequency deviation pre-compensation on the downlink signal, and/or the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency of the first communication link. Further, when the first indication information indicates carrier frequency information of the first communication link, or the carrier frequency of the first communication link is not zero, the first timing drift rate can be determined based on the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the first Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the implementation of the first timing drift rate, the first Doppler frequency shift value, and the carrier frequency of the first communication link can be referred to the relevant description in the first example above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can determine the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the two parameters of the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value can be calculated using the above relationship (3).
  • the terminal device determines the implementation of the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the two parameters of the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the relevant description of the above relationship (3) can be referred to and will not be repeated here.
  • the second timing drift rate is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • the implementation of the second timing drift rate, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the carrier frequency of the second communication link may refer to the relevant description in the above-mentioned first example, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device may determine the timing drift rate based on the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate.
  • the timing drift rate, the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate may satisfy the aforementioned relationship (1).
  • the timing drift rate, the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate may satisfy the aforementioned relationship (1).
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link and a pre-compensation value for the frequency offset.
  • the frequency offset compensation value is a value used by the network device to pre-compensate the frequency offset of the downlink signal.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link, the pre-compensation value for the frequency offset, and a downlink Doppler shift value.
  • the pre-compensation value for the frequency offset may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the network device may indicate the pre-compensation value for the frequency offset via the second indication information.
  • the network device may indicate the pre-compensation value for the frequency offset via the first indication information.
  • the following description uses the example of the pre-compensation value for the frequency offset indicated by the second indication information, and is not further described herein.
  • the communication method may further include the following steps S706 to S707 :
  • the network device sends second indication information to the relay apparatus; correspondingly, the relay apparatus receives the second indication information from the network device.
  • the relay device sends second indication information to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second indication information from the relay device.
  • the second indication information may be carried in any of the following signaling: SIB1, SIB19, OSI, MIB, physical broadcast channel RRC, DCI, group DCI, MAC CE, or TAC.
  • SIB1, SIB19, OSI, MIB, physical broadcast channel RRC, DCI, group DCI, MAC CE, or TAC the implementation of the second indication information is similar to that of the first indication information. For details, reference may be made to the description of the first indication information, which is not repeated here.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the carrier frequency information of the first communication link and a pre-compensation value for the frequency offset. Furthermore, the first timing drift rate is determined based on the first Doppler shift value and the carrier frequency of the first communication link.
  • the pre-compensation value for the frequency offset is used to determine the first Doppler shift value. In other words, the first timing drift rate is determined based on the first Doppler shift value, the carrier frequency of the first communication link, and the pre-compensation value for the frequency offset.
  • the implementation of the carrier frequency of the first communication link can refer to the relevant description of the above embodiment, and the implementation of determining the first timing drift rate based on the first Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the first communication link can refer to the relevant description of the above relationship (2), which will not be repeated here.
  • determining the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset are exemplified below.
  • the methods of determining the first Doppler frequency shift value include the following two examples:
  • the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset includes a first compensation value and a second compensation value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is determined based on four parameters: a third Doppler frequency shift value, the first compensation value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the second compensation value.
  • the first compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link; the second compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the second communication link.
  • the second indication information may indicate a first compensation value and a second compensation value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is the difference between the first difference value and the second difference value; wherein the first difference value is the difference between the third Doppler frequency shift value ( FD ) and the first compensation value; and the second difference value is the difference between the second Doppler frequency shift value (Fs) and the second compensation value.
  • the first Doppler shift value, the third Doppler shift value, the first compensation value, the second Doppler shift value, and the second compensation value may satisfy the following relationship (7):
  • Fe (F D - F p1 ) - (F S - F p2 ) Relationship (7)
  • Fe represents the first Doppler frequency shift value
  • F D represents the third Doppler frequency shift value
  • F p1 represents the first compensation value
  • F S represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • F p2 represents the second compensation value
  • F D - F p1 is the first difference value
  • F s - F p2 is the second difference value
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is the difference between the first sum value and the second sum value; wherein the first sum value is the sum of the third Doppler frequency shift value ( FD ) and the first compensation value; the second sum value is the sum of the second Doppler frequency shift value (Fs) and the second compensation value.
  • Fe represents the first Doppler frequency shift value
  • F D represents the third Doppler frequency shift value
  • F p1 represents the first compensation value
  • F S represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • F p2 represents the second compensation value
  • F D + F p1 is the first sum value
  • F s - F p2 is the second sum value
  • the network device and the terminal device can pre-agreed on a formula for calculating the first Doppler frequency shift value, that is, the network device and the terminal device can agree on whether to use the above relationship (7) or relationship (8) to calculate the first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the protocol predefines whether to use the above relationship (7) or relationship (8) to calculate the first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the network device can determine the first compensation value based on the Doppler value actually pre-compensated for the first communication link and the pre-agreed formula for calculating the first Doppler frequency shift value; similarly, the network device can determine the second compensation value based on the Doppler value actually pre-compensated for the second communication link and the pre-agreed formula for calculating the first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the following is an example of how a network device can determine a first compensation value based on the Doppler value actually pre-compensated for the first communication link and a pre-agreed formula for calculating a first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the implementation of the second compensation value is similar to that of the first compensation value described below. For details, please refer to the relevant description of the first compensation value below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first compensation value is 15 Hz; if the actual pre-compensated Doppler value of the first communication link is -15 Hz, then the first compensation value is -15 Hz.
  • the first compensation value is -15 Hz; if the actual pre-compensated Doppler value of the first communication link is -15 Hz, the first compensation value is 15 Hz.
  • the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset includes a third compensation value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is determined based on three parameters: the third Doppler frequency shift value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the third compensation value.
  • the third compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal, that is, the third compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link and the second communication link.
  • the second indication information may indicate a third compensation value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value is the difference between the third Doppler frequency shift value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the third compensation value; or, the first Doppler frequency shift value is the sum of the difference between the third Doppler frequency shift value and the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third compensation value.
  • the first Doppler shift value, the third Doppler shift value, the second Doppler shift value, and the third compensation value may satisfy the following relationship (9-1) or (9-2):
  • Fe F D - F S - F p relationship (9-1)
  • Fe F D - F S + F p Relationship (9-2)
  • Fe represents the first Doppler frequency shift value
  • Fd represents the third Doppler frequency shift value
  • Fs represents the second Doppler frequency shift value
  • Fp represents the third compensation value.
  • the network device and the terminal device may pre-agreed on a formula for calculating the first Doppler frequency shift value, that is, the network device and the terminal device may agree on whether to use the above-mentioned relationship (9-1) or relationship (9-2) to calculate the first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the protocol predefines whether to use the above-mentioned relationship (9-1) or relationship (9-2) to calculate the first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the network device may determine the third compensation value based on the Doppler value actually pre-compensated for the downlink signal and a pre-agreed formula for calculating the first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the implementation of the third compensation value is similar to that of the first compensation value described above.
  • the second indication information may also indicate that the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset is 0.
  • the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset is 0, which means that the magnitude of the first compensation value and the second compensation value are both 0.
  • the above-mentioned relationship (7) and/or relationship (8) may also be transformed into the above-mentioned relationship (3).
  • the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset includes the third compensation value
  • the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset is 0, which means that the third compensation value is 0.
  • any one of the above-mentioned relationships (9-1), (9-2), and (9-3) may also be transformed into the above-mentioned relationship (3).
  • the network device and the terminal device may predefine a frequency offset precompensation value of 0.
  • the frequency offset precompensation value may be predefined as 0 through a protocol. This avoids sending separate signaling to instruct the terminal device whether to use the downlink Doppler shift value to determine the timing drift rate (or whether the network device performs frequency offset precompensation on the downlink signal), thus saving signaling overhead.
  • the implementation of the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value in any one of the above relationships (7) to (8), (9-1), (9-2), and (9-3) can refer to the relevant description of the above relationship (3) and will not be repeated here.
  • the second timing drift rate is determined based on the second Doppler frequency shift value and the carrier frequency of the second communication link.
  • the implementation of the second timing drift rate, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the carrier frequency of the second communication link may refer to the relevant description in the above-mentioned first example, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device may determine the timing drift rate based on the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate.
  • the timing drift rate, the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate may satisfy the aforementioned relationship (1).
  • the timing drift rate, the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate may satisfy the aforementioned relationship (1).
  • a method for determining the timing drift rate is introduced by taking whether the network device sends a pre-compensation value of the frequency deviation to the terminal device as an example. If the network device does not send a pre-compensation value of the frequency deviation to the terminal device, the above-mentioned “one possible implementation method” can be used to determine the timing drift rate; if the network device sends a pre-compensation value of the frequency deviation to the terminal device, the above-mentioned “another possible implementation method” can be used to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the network device can also directly indicate the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value to the terminal device, or the network device and the terminal device can agree on the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value in advance, so that the terminal device can determine the first Doppler frequency shift value according to the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value, and further determine the timing drift rate.
  • the network device can also directly indicate the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value to the terminal device, or the network device and the terminal device can agree on the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value in advance, so that the terminal device can determine the first Doppler frequency shift value according to the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value, and further determine the timing drift rate.
  • the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value includes method 1: determining the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the two parameters of the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value; method 2: determining the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the three parameters of the second Doppler frequency shift value, the third Doppler frequency shift value and the pre-compensation value of the frequency offset.
  • the network device does not perform frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal, and/or the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device determines the first Doppler frequency shift value based on the two parameters of the second Doppler frequency shift value and the third Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the implementation can refer to the relevant description of the above relationship (3), which is not repeated here.
  • the second method includes determining the first Doppler frequency shift value based on four parameters: the third Doppler frequency shift value, the first compensation value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, and the second compensation value.
  • the first Doppler frequency shift value can be implemented with reference to the relevant description of the above-mentioned relations (7) to (8), which will not be repeated here.
  • the second method includes determining the first Doppler shift value based on the third Doppler shift value, the second Doppler shift value, and the third compensation value.
  • the first Doppler shift value can be determined by referring to the descriptions of Relationships (9-1) to (9-3) above and will not be further elaborated here.
  • the implementation of the first compensation value, the second compensation value, and the third compensation value can refer to the relevant description of FIG8 above and will not be repeated here.
  • the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value may be predetermined by the network device and the terminal device. This avoids sending separate signaling to indicate whether the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate (or whether the network device performs frequency offset pre-compensation on the downlink signal), saving signaling overhead.
  • the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value is predefined as method one through a protocol; or, the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value is predefined as method two through a protocol.
  • the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value may also be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the first indication information may indicate the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the first indication information can be represented by 1 bit.
  • the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value is method 1, and the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 0, it indicates that the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value is method 2, and the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device can use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value is method 2, and the terminal device cannot use the downlink Doppler frequency shift value to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the above description uses the first indication information to indicate the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value as an example.
  • the indication information used to indicate the calculation method of the first Doppler frequency shift value may also be other indication information other than the first indication information.
  • the implementation of this indication information is similar to the implementation of the above-mentioned first indication information. For details, please refer to the relevant description of the above-mentioned first indication information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on the downlink Doppler frequency shift value (such as the first Doppler frequency shift value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, the third Doppler frequency shift value, etc.); specifically, since the method of obtaining the Doppler frequency shift value is simple and efficient, the terminal device can quickly and efficiently determine the timing drift rate, further improving the decoding efficiency of the terminal device.
  • the downlink Doppler frequency shift value such as the first Doppler frequency shift value, the second Doppler frequency shift value, the third Doppler frequency shift value, etc.
  • Case 2 The first indication information indicates the first parameter.
  • the first indication information indicates a first parameter
  • the timing drift rate is determined according to the first parameter, or the timing drift rate can be determined according to the first parameter.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the first parameter.
  • the fourth compensation value is a timing compensation value applied by the network device to the uplink signal.
  • timing compensation value of the uplink signal can refer to the relevant description of Figure 1 (such as Figure 1 (a) and/or Figure 1 (b)), which will not be repeated here.
  • whether the fourth compensation value changes or whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device changes can be informed to the terminal device by the network device.
  • the terminal device may determine whether the fourth compensation value has changed or whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device has changed through the third indication information. That is, the third indication information may indicate whether the fourth compensation value has changed or whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device has changed.
  • the communication method may further include the following steps S708 to S709:
  • the network device sends third indication information to the relay apparatus; correspondingly, the relay apparatus receives the third indication information from the network device.
  • the relay device sends third indication information to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the third indication information from the relay device.
  • the third indication information can be represented by 1 bit.
  • the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 0, it indicates that the fourth compensation value changes or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device changes.
  • the 1 bit is 0, it indicates that the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the fourth compensation value changes or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device changes.
  • the third indication information can be carried in any of the following signaling: SIB1, SIB19, OSI, MIB, physical broadcast channel RRC, DCI, group DCI, MAC CE, TAC, PDSCH.
  • the implementation of the third indication information is similar to the implementation of the first indication information.
  • the relevant description of the first indication information please refer to the relevant description of the first indication information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the fourth compensation value is assumed to remain unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on the first parameter (such as the rate of change of the first common TA).
  • whether the fourth compensation value should be changed or whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device is changed is pre-agreed upon between the network device and the terminal device.
  • the protocol predefines that the network device and the terminal device may pre-agree that the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged, or the protocol predefines that the network device and the terminal device may pre-agree that the fourth compensation value changes or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device changes.
  • the network device indicates to the terminal device through signaling, and the terminal device does not determine the timing drift rate based on the first indication information.
  • the terminal device can use other methods to determine the timing drift rate.
  • the timing drift rate can be determined using the method described above.
  • whether the fourth compensation value has changed or whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device has changed can be indicated by whether a kmac value has changed or been updated. That is, the terminal device can determine whether the fourth compensation value has changed or whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device has changed based on whether the kmac value has changed or been updated.
  • the implementation of the kmac value can refer to the relevant description of FIG1 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the kmac value remains unchanged or is not updated, it means that the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged. If the kmac value changes or is updated, it means that the fourth compensation value changes or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device changes.
  • the network device may inform the terminal device whether the kmac value has changed or been updated.
  • the third indication information may indicate whether the kmac value has changed or been updated, or the indication information used to indicate whether the kmac value has changed or been updated may be other indication information other than the third indication information, such as the fourth indication information.
  • the third indication information in the above steps S708 to S709 may be replaced with the fourth indication information, wherein the implementation of the fourth indication information is similar to that of the above third indication information. For details, please refer to the relevant description of the above third indication information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the fourth indication information when the fourth indication information indicates whether the kmac value has changed or been updated, the fourth indication information can be represented by 1 bit. For example, if the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the kmac value does not change or is not updated, in which case the fourth compensation value does not change or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device does not change; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 0, it indicates that the kmac value has changed or been updated, in which case the fourth compensation value has changed or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device has changed.
  • the 1 bit indicates that the kmac value does not change or is not updated, in which case the fourth compensation value does not change or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device does not change; correspondingly, if the 1 bit is 1, it indicates that the kmac value has changed or been updated, in which case the fourth compensation value has changed or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device has changed.
  • the third indication information may indicate a kmac value
  • the terminal device may determine whether the kmac value has changed based on whether the kmac value indicated by the third indication information is consistent with the kmac value before receiving the third indication information (hereinafter referred to as the historical kmac value).
  • the kmac value indicated by the third indication information is consistent with the historical kmac value, it means that the kmac value is unchanged or not updated, in which case the fourth compensation value is unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device is unchanged; if the kmac value indicated by the third indication information is inconsistent with the historical kmac value, it means that the kmac value is changed or updated, in which case the fourth compensation value is changed or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device is changed.
  • whether the kmac value is changed or updated may be pre-agreed between the network device and the terminal device, for example, the protocol pre-defines that the kmac value is changed or updated; or the protocol pre-defines that the kmac value is unchanged or not updated.
  • the first timing drift rate is described in detail below.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the first parameter. Further, when the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged, the first timing drift rate is determined based on the first parameter.
  • the first timing drift rate may include the following two possible implementations:
  • the first parameter includes a change rate of the first common TA; in this case, the first timing drift rate is determined according to the change rate of the first common TA.
  • the change rate of the first public TA is the change rate of the public TA corresponding to the first communication link.
  • the first timing drift rate may be half of the change rate of the first common TA; or, the first timing drift rate may be the quotient of half of the change rate of the first common TA and the sampling point interval.
  • the first timing drift rate and the change rate of the first common TA may satisfy the following relationship (10):
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • the above relationship (10) is implemented by taking the example of a terminal device directly determining the first timing drift rate based on the rate of change of the first common TA.
  • the terminal device can also indirectly determine the first timing drift rate based on the rate of change of the first common TA.
  • the terminal device can determine the second motion speed based on the rate of change of the first common TA, and further determine the first timing drift rate based on the second motion speed.
  • the second motion speed is determined based on the rate of change of the first common TA.
  • the second motion speed is the relative motion speed between the network device and the relay device.
  • the second movement speed may be half the product of the rate of change of the first common TA and the speed of light.
  • the rate of change of the second movement speed and the first common TA may satisfy the following relationship (11):
  • Ve represents the second motion velocity
  • common TA drift rate represents the rate of change of the first common TA
  • c represents the speed of light
  • the first common TA change rate is half of the change rate of the common TA corresponding to the first communication link. That is, the first common TA change rate indicated by the first indication information is the value obtained by dividing the change rate of the common TA corresponding to the first communication link by 2.
  • the first timing drift rate may be a change rate of the first common TA; or, the first timing drift rate may be a quotient of a change rate of the first common TA and a sampling point interval.
  • the first timing drift rate and the change rate of the first common TA may satisfy the following relationship (12):
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • the above relationship (12) is implemented using the example of a terminal device directly determining the first timing drift rate based on the rate of change of the first common TA.
  • the terminal device can also indirectly determine the first timing drift rate based on the rate of change of the first common TA.
  • the terminal device can determine the second motion speed based on the rate of change of the first common TA, and further determine the first timing drift rate based on the second motion speed.
  • the second motion speed is determined based on the rate of change of the first common TA.
  • the second motion speed is the relative motion speed between the network device and the relay device.
  • the second movement speed may be the product of the rate of change of the first common TA and the speed of light.
  • Ve represents the second motion velocity
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • c represents the speed of light.
  • the first timing drift rate can be the quotient of the second motion speed and the speed of light; or, the first timing drift rate can be the quotient of the second motion speed, the speed of light, and the sampling point interval.
  • first timing drift rate, the second motion speed, and the speed of light may satisfy the following relationship (14), that is, the above relationship (10) or relationship (12) may be transformed into relationship (14):
  • Ve represents the second motion velocity
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval
  • the first parameter further includes a first change rate, that is, the first parameter includes a change rate of the first common TA and a first change rate.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate.
  • the first change rate is the rate of change of the change rate of the first common TA.
  • the first timing drift rate may be half of a TA change rate obtained by integrating a change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate; or, the first timing drift rate may be half of a quotient of the integrated TA change rate and a sampling point interval.
  • the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate is the sum of the change rate of the first common TA and the change rate of the first change rate in the first time period, and the first time period is the period from the reference moment to the current moment.
  • the reference time may be pre-agreed between the network device and the terminal device (for example, the reference time may be pre-defined by a protocol), or may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the network device may send indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information indicates the reference time.
  • the indication information indicating the reference time may be any one of the first indication information, the third indication information, and the fourth indication information mentioned above, or may be other indication information in addition to the indication information described in the above embodiment, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • rate#1 represents the TA change rate of the first common TA integrated with the first change rate
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • common TA drift rate variation#1 represents the first change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time.
  • the first timing drift rate may be half of the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate; or, the first timing drift rate may be half of the quotient of the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate and the sampling point interval.
  • the first timing drift rate, the change rate of the first common TA, and the TA change rate integrated with the first change rate may satisfy the following relationship (16):
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • rate#1 represents the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • the above relationship (16) can be transformed into the following relationship (17), that is, the first timing drift rate, the change rate of the first common TA, and the first change rate can satisfy the following relationship (17):
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • common TA drift rate variation#1 represents the first change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • T s represents the sampling point interval.
  • the above relationship (17) is based on an example where the terminal device directly determines the first timing drift rate based on the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate.
  • the terminal device can also indirectly determine the first timing drift rate based on the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate.
  • the terminal device can determine the second movement speed based on the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate, and further determine the first timing drift rate based on the second movement speed.
  • the second movement speed is determined based on the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate.
  • the second movement speed may be the product of the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate and the speed of light.
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • rate#1 represents the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the first common TA and the first change rate
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • common TA drift rate variation#1 represents the first change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time.
  • the first timing drift rate can be the quotient of the second motion speed and the speed of light; or, the first timing drift rate can be the quotient of the second motion speed and the speed of light, and the quotient of the sampling point interval.
  • the first timing drift rate, the second motion speed, and the speed of light may satisfy the above relationship (14), that is, the above relationship (16) and relationship (17) may be transformed into the above relationship (14).
  • T DR1 (i.e., the first timing drift rate) represented by any one of the above relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by any one of the above relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17)
  • T DR1 can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • the second timing drift rate is described in detail below.
  • the second timing drift rate may be determined based on the first motion speed.
  • the second timing drift rate may be the quotient of the first motion speed and the speed of light; or, the second timing drift rate may be the quotient of the first motion speed, the speed of light, and the sampling point interval.
  • the second timing drift rate and the first movement speed may satisfy the following relationship (19):
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR2 (i.e., the second timing drift rate) represented by the above relation (19) can replace T DR2 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 (i.e., the first timing drift rate) represented by any one of relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by relation (14)
  • relation (1) can be transformed into the following relation (20):
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by any one of relations (10), (12), (16), and (17)
  • the implementation of the timing drift rate is similar to that of the above-mentioned relation (20), and is not further described here.
  • the first movement speed may include the following two implementations:
  • the first movement speed is determined based on the location information of the terminal device and the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • the relay device can also be deployed on a flight platform.
  • the satellite's ephemeris information can be replaced by the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform for understanding, that is, the first motion speed is determined by the terminal device based on the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform and the location information of the terminal device.
  • the flight route or trajectory of the flight platform may be preset, or may be notified to the terminal device by the network device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the first movement speed may be determined by the terminal device according to the change rate of the second public TA.
  • the first movement speed is determined based on the rate of change of the second common TA. It can also be considered that when the fourth compensation value remains unchanged or the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device remains unchanged, the second timing drift rate is determined based on the rate of change of the second common TA.
  • the change rate of the second common TA may be indicated by the network to the terminal device.
  • the indication information used to indicate the change rate of the second common TA may be any one of the first indication information, the third indication information, and the fourth indication information described above, or may be other indication information other than the indication information described in the above embodiment, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the indication information indicating the change rate of the second common TA is the first indication information
  • the first parameter also includes the change rate of the second common TA.
  • the change rate of the second common TA is the change rate of the common TA of the second communication link.
  • the parameters related to TA include a change rate of the second common TA.
  • the first movement speed may be half the product of the rate of change of the second common TA and the speed of light.
  • the first movement speed and the rate of change of the second common TA may satisfy the following relationship (21):
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • c represents the speed of light.
  • the second timing drift rate can be half of the change rate of the second common TA; or, the second timing drift rate can be half of the quotient of the change rate of the second common TA and the sampling point interval.
  • the second timing drift rate and the change rate of the second common TA may satisfy the following relationship (22), that is, the above relationship (19) may be transformed into relationship (22):
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR2 (i.e., the second timing drift rate) represented by the above relation (22) can replace T DR2 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 (i.e., the first timing drift rate) represented by any one of relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • relation (1) can be transformed into the following relation (23):
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR1 (i.e., the first timing drift rate) represented by any one of relations (12), (14), (16), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • the implementation of the timing drift rate is similar to the implementation of the above-mentioned relation (23), and will not be repeated here.
  • the parameters related to TA include the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate.
  • the second change rate is the change rate of the change rate of the second common TA.
  • the first motion speed is determined by the terminal device based on the change rate and the second change rate of the second common TA.
  • the first movement speed is determined according to the change rate of the second common TA, including: the first movement speed is determined according to the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate.
  • the indication information indicating the change rate of the second common TA may also indicate the second change rate.
  • the indication information indicating the change rate of the second common TA is the first indication information, it may also be considered that the first parameter also includes the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate.
  • the first movement speed may be half the product of the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate and the speed of light.
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • rate#2 represents the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate
  • c represents the speed of light
  • the second timing drift rate can be half of the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate; or, the second timing drift rate can be half of the quotient of the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate and the sampling point interval.
  • the second timing drift rate, the change rate of the second common TA, and the TA change rate integrated by the second change rate may satisfy the following relationship (25), or in other words, the above relationship (19) may be transformed into relationship (25):
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • rate#2 represents the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR2 (i.e., the second timing drift rate) represented by the above relation (25) can replace T DR2 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 (i.e., the first timing drift rate) represented by any one of relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by relation (16)
  • relation (1) can be transformed into the following relation (26):
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by any one of relations (10), (12), (14), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1)
  • the implementation of the timing drift rate is similar to that of the above-mentioned relation (23), and will not be repeated here.
  • the TA change rate obtained by integrating the change rate of the second common TA and the second change rate is the sum of the change rate of the second common TA and the change rate of the second change rate within a first time period, where the first time period is a period from a reference moment to a current moment.
  • rate#2 represents the TA change rate of the second common TA integrated with the second change rate
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • common TA drift rate variation#2 represents the second change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time.
  • the implementation of the reference time can also refer to the relevant description of the above relationship (14), which will not be repeated here.
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • common TA drift rate variation#2 represents the second change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time.
  • the second timing drift rate, the change rate of the second common TA, and the second change rate can satisfy the following relationship (29). That is, the above relationship (19) can be replaced by relationship (29):
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • common TA drift rate variation#2 represents the second change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR2 i.e., the second timing drift rate represented by the above relation (29) can replace T DR2 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by any one of relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • the implementation of the timing drift rate can refer to the relevant description of the above relation (26), which will not be repeated here.
  • the change rate of the second common TA is half the change rate of the common TA of the second communication link.
  • the second common TA change rate indicated by the indication information i.e., the indication information for indicating the change rate of the second common TA
  • the second common TA change rate indicated by the indication information is the value obtained by dividing the change rate of the common TA corresponding to the second communication link by 2.
  • the first movement speed may be the product of the rate of change of the second common TA and the speed of light.
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • c represents the speed of light.
  • the second timing drift rate can be the change rate of the second common TA; or, the second timing drift rate can be the quotient of the change rate of the second common TA and the sampling point interval.
  • the second timing drift rate and the change rate of the second common TA may satisfy the following relationship (31), that is, the above relationship (19) may be transformed into relationship (31):
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR2 (i.e., the second timing drift rate) represented by the above relation (31) can replace T DR2 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 (i.e., the first timing drift rate) represented by any one of relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17) can replace T DR1 in relation (1).
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by relation (12)
  • relation (1) can be transformed into the following relation (32):
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR1 i.e., the first timing drift rate represented by any one of relations (10), (14), (16), and (17)
  • the implementation of the timing drift rate is similar to the implementation of the above-mentioned relation (26), and will not be described in detail here.
  • the timing drift rate represents the number of sampling points of timing drift per unit time; when the parameter for determining the timing drift rate does not include the sampling point interval, the timing drift rate represents the duration of the timing drift of the sampling point per unit time.
  • the rate of change of the first common TA may be positive; in this case, the first timing drift rate is also positive.
  • the rate of change of the first common TA may be negative; in this case, the first timing drift rate is also negative.
  • the first parameter when the first parameter is a positive number, it indicates that the TA on the first communication link is getting larger; when the first parameter is a negative number, it indicates that the TA on the first communication link is getting smaller.
  • the rate of change of the second common TA can be positive; in this case, the second timing drift rate is also positive.
  • the rate of change of the second common TA can be negative; in this case, the first timing drift rate is also negative.
  • the second parameter when the second parameter is a positive number, it indicates that the TA on the second communication link is getting larger; when the second parameter is a negative number, it indicates that the TA on the second communication link is getting smaller.
  • any of the above relationships (20), (23), (26), and (32) may be deformed; for example, taking relationship (20) as an example, relationship (20) may be deformed into any of the following relationships (33-1), (33-2), and (33-3):
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval
  • relation (32) can be transformed into any of the following relations (33-4), (33-5), and (33-6):
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • common TA drift rate#1 represents the change rate of the first common TA
  • common TA drift rate#2 represents the change rate of the second common TA
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • the implementation of the variation of relationship (23) or relationship (26) can refer to the relevant description of any one of the above relationships (33-1) to (33-6), which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on existing parameters (such as the change rate of the first public TA); specifically, since the change rate of the first public TA is a parameter in the existing protocol, the network device can indicate the change rate of the first public TA to the terminal device without using additional resources, thereby reducing signaling overhead.
  • existing parameters such as the change rate of the first public TA
  • the above two cases exemplify the schemes shown in partial combination forms of the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate (such as any one of relationship (20), relationship (23), relationship (26), relationship (32), and relationship (33)); the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate also have other combination forms besides the above combination forms, for example, the first timing drift rate is determined according to the downlink Doppler offset value, and the second drift rate is determined according to the change rate of the first motion speed or the second common TA; if the first timing drift rate can include the scheme shown in relationship (2), the second timing drift rate can be the scheme shown in any one of relationship (19), relationship (22), relationship (25), relationship (29), and relationship (31).
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the second motion speed or the rate of change of the first common TA, and the second timing drift rate is determined based on the downlink Doppler offset value.
  • the first timing drift rate may include the scheme shown in any one of relations (10), (12), (14), (16), and (17), and the second timing drift rate may include the scheme shown in relation (5); the embodiments of the present application are not limited.
  • the embodiments described in the above two cases take the first indication information indicating the first parameter or the carrier frequency information of the first communication link as an example to introduce the process of determining the timing drift rate.
  • the timing drift rate can also be determined based on the second parameter, wherein the second parameter includes the transmission angle of the first communication link.
  • the transmission angle of the first communication link can be understood as the angle between the direction of movement of the relay device and the transmission direction of the downlink signal of the first communication link; or, alternatively, the angle between the direction of movement of the relay device and the first communication link.
  • the transmission angle of the first communication link can be ⁇ as shown in Figure 10.
  • the second parameter may be notified by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the second parameter may be carried in the first indication information, or the second parameter may be carried in other indication information other than the first indication information, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the timing drift rate is determined according to the second parameter, including: the first timing drift rate is determined according to the second parameter. Further, the timing drift rate is determined according to the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate.
  • the implementation of the second timing drift rate and the timing drift rate is the same as the implementation of the second timing drift rate in the above-mentioned case 2.
  • the relevant description of the above-mentioned second timing drift rate and the timing drift rate please refer to the relevant description of the above-mentioned second timing drift rate and the timing drift rate, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device determines the first timing drift rate according to the second parameter, including: the terminal device may determine the second movement speed according to the second parameter, and further determine the first timing drift rate according to the second movement speed.
  • the implementation process of determining the first timing drift rate according to the second motion speed is the same as the implementation process of determining the first timing drift rate according to the second motion speed in the above situation 2.
  • the relevant description in the above situation 2 please refer to the relevant description in the above situation 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second movement speed may be the product of the cosine value of the transmission angle of the first communication link and the movement speed of the relay device.
  • Ve represents the second movement speed
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the first communication link
  • V represents the movement speed of the relay device.
  • the second parameter further includes a third change rate, that is, the second parameter includes the transmission angle of the first communication link and the third change rate, wherein the third change rate is the change rate of the transmission angle of the first communication link.
  • the second movement speed may be the product of the first integration angle and the movement speed of the relay device, wherein the first integration angle is the transmission angle obtained by integrating the transmission angle of the first communication link and the third change rate.
  • the first integration angle is the sum of the transmission angle of the first communication link and the rate of change of the third change rate within a first time period, where the first time period is the time period from the reference moment to the current moment.
  • ⁇ 1 represents the first integration angle
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the first communication link
  • ⁇ rate#1 represents the third change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time.
  • Ve represents the second movement speed
  • ⁇ 1 represents the first integration angle
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the first communication link
  • ⁇ rate#1 represents the third change rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • V represents the movement speed of the relay device.
  • the first timing drift rate described in the embodiment of the present application may also include the following three possible implementation manners:
  • the first timing drift rate may also be determined based on the second movement speed; or, the first timing drift rate may also be determined based on the rate of change of the second movement speed and the second movement speed; or, the first timing drift rate may also be determined based on the rate of change of the second movement speed, the rate of change of the rate of change of the second movement speed, and the second movement speed.
  • the rate of change of the second motion speed, the rate of change of the rate of change of the second motion speed, or one or more of the second motion speeds may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the indication information used to indicate the above parameters i.e., the rate of change of the second motion speed, the rate of change of the rate of change of the second motion speed, or one or more of the second motion speeds
  • the first indication information may be the first indication information, or may be other indication information other than the first indication information, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the implementation of determining the first timing drift rate according to the second motion speed can refer to the relevant description in the above situation 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the change rate of the second motion speed, the second motion speed, and the first timing drift rate may satisfy the following relationship (39):
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • V rate#1 represents the rate of change of the second motion speed
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval.
  • the second timing drift rate can also be determined based on the first motion speed; or, the second timing drift rate can also be determined based on the rate of change of the first motion speed and the first motion speed; or, the second timing drift rate can also be determined based on the rate of change of the first motion speed, the rate of change of the rate of change of the first motion speed, and the first motion speed. Alternatively, it can also be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the indication information used to indicate the above parameters can be the first indication information, or it can also be other indication information other than the first indication information, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the rate of change of the first motion speed, the rate of change of the rate of change of the first motion speed, or one or more of the first motion speed can be determined by the terminal device based on its position information and ephemeris information (or the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform).
  • the implementation of determining the second timing drift rate according to the first motion speed can refer to the relevant description in the above situation 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the change rate of the second motion speed, the second motion speed, and the second timing drift rate may satisfy the following relationship (40):
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • V s represents the first motion speed
  • V rate#2 represents the rate of change of the first motion speed
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • c represents the speed of light
  • T s represents the sampling point interval.
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • V rate#1 represents the rate of change of the second motion speed
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • V s represents the first motion speed
  • V rate#2 represents the rate of change of the first motion speed
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • c represents the speed of light
  • T s represents the sampling point interval.
  • the rate of change of the rate of change of the second motion speed, the rate of change of the second motion speed, the second motion speed, and the first timing drift rate may satisfy the following relationship (42):
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • V rate#1 represents the change rate of the second motion speed
  • V′ rate#1 represents the change rate of the change rate of the second motion speed
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval.
  • the rate of change of the rate of change of the first motion speed, the rate of change of the first motion speed, and the second timing drift rate may satisfy the following relationship (43):
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • V s represents the first motion speed
  • V rate#2 represents the rate of change of the first motion speed
  • V′ rate# 2 represents the rate of change of the rate of change of the first motion speed
  • V′ rate#2 represents the rate of change of the rate of change of the first motion speed
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • c represents the speed of light
  • T s represents the sampling point interval.
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • V rate#1 represents the rate of change of the second motion speed
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • V rate#2 represents the rate of change of the first motion speed
  • V′ rate#2 represents the rate of change of the rate of change of the second motion speed
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval.
  • the first timing drift rate may also be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the network device may send fifth indication information to the terminal device, where the fifth indication information indicates the first timing drift rate.
  • the implementation of the fifth indication information is similar to the implementation of the first indication information.
  • the relevant description of the first indication information please refer to the relevant description of the first indication information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the timing drift rate is the sum of the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate.
  • the second timing drift rate may be determined according to the aforementioned scenario 1 or scenario 2.
  • the terminal device may determine the second timing drift rate based on the first motion speed.
  • the implementation of determining the second timing drift rate based on the first motion speed can be found in the description of the aforementioned relationship (19), which is not further elaborated here.
  • the first movement speed is determined by the terminal device based on the satellite's ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information.
  • the terminal device may obtain information such as the relay device's movement direction, movement speed, and location based on the satellite's ephemeris information, and further determine the first movement speed based on the terminal device's location information.
  • the satellite's ephemeris information can be replaced with the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform. That is, the first motion speed is determined by the terminal device based on the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform and the terminal device's location information.
  • the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform can be preset, or can be communicated to the terminal device by a network device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the second timing drift rate may also be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the fifth indication information may indicate the second timing drift rate, or it may be indicated by other indication information other than the fifth indication information. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on a first timing drift rate, a rate of change of the first timing drift rate, a second timing drift rate, and a rate of change of the second timing drift rate.
  • the implementation of the first timing drift rate and the second timing drift rate may refer to the relevant description in the first example above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the rate of change of the first timing drift rate may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the fifth indication information may indicate the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, or may be indicated by other indication information other than the fifth indication information, which is not limited in the present embodiment.
  • the rate of change of the second timing drift rate may be determined by the terminal device based on the second timing drift rate, or may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the fifth indication information may indicate the rate of change of the second timing drift rate, or may be indicated by other indication information other than the fifth indication information. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • T′ DR1 represents the change rate of the first timing drift rate
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • T′ DR2 represents the change rate of the second timing drift rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate.
  • the implementation of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate may refer to the relevant description in the above second example, which will not be repeated here.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, the second timing drift rate, the rate of change of the second timing drift rate, and the rate of change of the rate of change of the second timing drift rate.
  • the implementation of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, the second timing drift rate, and the rate of change of the second timing drift rate can refer to the relevant description in the second example above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the rate of change of the second timing drift rate may be determined by the terminal device based on the rate of change of the second timing drift rate, or may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the fifth indication information may indicate the rate of change of the second timing drift rate, or may be indicated by other indication information other than the fifth indication information. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate.
  • the implementation of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, and the second timing drift rate can refer to the relevant description in the fourth example above and will not be repeated here.
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • T′ DR1 represents the change rate of the first timing drift rate
  • T′′ DR1 represents the change rate of the change rate of the first timing drift rate
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • t represents the current time
  • t0 is the reference time.
  • the network device can determine the receiving window position of the downlink signal received by the terminal device based on one or more of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, the rate of change of the rate of change of the first timing drift rate, the second timing drift rate, the rate of change of the second timing drift rate, and the rate of change of the rate of change of the second timing drift rate, and send the position to the terminal device. This enables the terminal device to receive the downlink signal at the position, thereby improving decoding performance.
  • the receiving window position may be represented by one or more of the following: a frame number, a subframe number, a time slot number, a symbol, an index number of a sampling point, etc. to represent the receiving window position.
  • the first timing drift rate is determined based on the second movement speed and a transmission angle of the first communication link
  • the second timing drift rate is determined based on the first movement speed and a transmission angle of the second communication link.
  • the implementation of the transmission angle of the first communication link can refer to the relevant description in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here;
  • the transmission angle of the second communication link can be understood as: the angle between the movement direction of the terminal device and the downlink signal from the relay device; or, it can also be understood as: the angle between the movement direction of the terminal device and the second communication link.
  • the second movement speed, the transmission angle of the first communication link, and the first timing drift rate may satisfy the following relationship (49):
  • T DR1 Ve * cos ⁇ / (c * T s ) Relationship (49)
  • T DR1 represents the first timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second movement speed
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the first communication link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval.
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • V s represents the first movement speed
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the second communication link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • T DR represents the timing drift rate
  • Ve represents the second motion speed
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the first communication link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • Ts represents the sampling point interval
  • Vs represents the first motion speed
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the second communication link.
  • relations (49) to (51) can refer to the relevant description of relations (1) to (44) above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the above embodiment can be used to determine the timing drift rate when a relay device is in transparent transmission mode.
  • this application also provides a communication method that can be used when the relay device is in regeneration mode. The following describes the timing drift determination process in detail, using a satellite as an example.
  • the carrier frequency of the first communication link is not transmitted between the network device and the terminal device by default.
  • the network device may indicate to the terminal device that the carrier frequency of the first communication link is 0.
  • the terminal device cannot determine the timing drift rate based on the downlink Doppler frequency shift value.
  • the terminal device may determine the timing drift rate based on satellite ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information.
  • the first parameter is not transmitted between the network device and the terminal device by default.
  • the network device may indicate to the terminal device that the magnitude of the first common TA change rate is 0, which indicates that the terminal device cannot determine the timing drift rate based on the first parameter.
  • the network device may directly indicate to the terminal device that the terminal device cannot determine the timing drift rate based on the first parameter. Furthermore, this may indicate that the terminal device can determine the timing drift rate based on the satellite's ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information.
  • the timing offset of the downlink signal received by the terminal device is related to the second communication link.
  • the timing drift rate of the downlink signal is the second timing drift rate.
  • the terminal device may determine the timing drift rate based on the first motion speed.
  • T DR2 represents the second timing drift rate
  • V s represents the first movement speed
  • ⁇ represents the transmission angle of the second communication link
  • c represents the speed of light
  • T s represents the sampling point interval
  • each parameter in the relationship (52) can refer to the relevant description of the above relationship (50), which will not be repeated here.
  • the first movement speed is determined by the terminal device based on the satellite's ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information.
  • the timing drift rate is determined based on the satellite's ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information.
  • the terminal device can obtain information such as the movement direction, movement speed, and position of the relay device based on the satellite's ephemeris information. Further, combined with the position information of the terminal device, the first movement speed is determined, and then the timing drift rate is determined.
  • the above-described method for the regeneration scenario can also be used for a flight platform.
  • the satellite's ephemeris information can be replaced with the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform for interpretation.
  • the flight path or trajectory of the flight platform can be pre-set, or it can be communicated to the terminal device by a network device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 10 above introduce a method for determining the timing drift rate (i.e., the parameters required for the terminal device to determine the timing drift rate and the relationship between the parameters) using downlink transmission as an example.
  • the method provided in the embodiments of the present application can also determine the timing drift rate based on uplink transmission, that is, the timing drift rate is determined by the network device.
  • the method for the network device to determine the timing drift rate is similar to the method for the terminal device to determine the timing drift rate in the above embodiments.
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by the terminal device may also be implemented by components applicable to the terminal device (e.g., processor, chip, chip system, circuit, logic module, or software); the methods and/or steps implemented by the network device may also be implemented by components applicable to the network device (e.g., processor, chip, chip system, circuit, logic module, or software).
  • the chip system may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete components.
  • the communication device includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. It should be easily appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiment.
  • each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • the communication device 1100 includes a processing module 1101 and a transceiver module 1102.
  • the communication device 1100 can be used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned terminal device or network device.
  • the communication device 1100 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 11 ) for storing program instructions and data.
  • the transceiver module 1102 may include a receiving module and a sending module, which are respectively used to execute the receiving and sending steps performed by the above-mentioned terminal device or network device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and/or used to support other processes of the technology described herein; the processing module 1101 may be used to execute the processing steps (such as determination, etc.) performed by the above-mentioned terminal device or network device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and/or used to support other processes of the technology described herein.
  • the transceiver module 1102 is used to receive first indication information, where the first indication information indicates carrier frequency information of the first communication link, or the first indication information indicates a first parameter, wherein the carrier frequency information is used to determine the carrier frequency of the first communication link, and the first parameter includes a change rate of a first common timing advance TA, where the change rate of the first common TA is a change rate of a common TA of the first communication link, and the first communication link is a communication link between a network device serving a terminal device and a relay device, and the relay device is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device; the processing module 1101 is used to determine a timing drift rate according to the first indication information, where the timing drift rate indicates a change rate of a sampling point interval of a time domain signal; the transceiver module 1102 is also used to transmit and receive signals according to the timing drift rate.
  • the first indication information indicates carrier frequency information of the first communication link
  • the first indication information indicates a first parameter
  • the first parameter includes a change rate of
  • the transceiver module 1102 is further used to receive second indication information, where the second indication information indicates a first compensation value and a second compensation value, or the second indication information indicates a third compensation value; wherein the first compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link; the second compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the second communication link; and the third compensation value is a frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link and the second communication link.
  • the transceiver module 1102 is further used to receive third indication information, where the third indication information indicates whether the fourth compensation value changes, or the third indication information indicates whether the distance between the uplink time synchronization reference point and the network device changes.
  • the processing module 1101 is used to determine first indication information, where the first indication information indicates carrier frequency information of the first communication link, or the first indication information indicates a first parameter, wherein the carrier frequency information is used to determine the carrier frequency of the first communication link, and the first parameter includes a change rate of a first common timing advance TA, and the change rate of the first common TA is a change rate of a common TA of the first communication link.
  • the first communication link is a communication link between a network device serving a terminal device and a relay device, and the relay device is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device; the transceiver module 1102 is used to send the first indication information.
  • the transceiver module 1102 is also used to send second indication information, where the second indication information indicates the first compensation value and the second compensation value, or the second indication information indicates a third compensation value; wherein the first compensation value is the frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link; the second compensation value is the frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the second communication link; and the third compensation value is the frequency offset pre-compensation value of the downlink signal on the first communication link and the second communication link.
  • the transceiver module 1102 is further used to send fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information indicates whether the kmac value has changed.
  • the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1102 can be implemented through the input and output interface (or communication interface) of the chip or chip system, and the function/implementation process of the processing module 1101 can be implemented through the processor (or processing circuit) of the chip or chip system.
  • the communication device 1100 provided in this embodiment can execute the above method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above method embodiments and will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device or network device described in the embodiments of the present application can also be implemented using the following: one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuits, or any combination of circuits that can perform the various functions described throughout this application.
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • controllers state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuits, or any combination of circuits that can perform the various functions described throughout this application.
  • the terminal device or network device described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using a general bus architecture.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1200 includes a processor 1201.
  • the communication device 1200 can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip or chip system therein.
  • Figure 12 only shows the main components of the communication device 1200.
  • the communication device 1200 includes necessary forms of means such as modules, units, elements, circuits, or interfaces, which are appropriately configured together to perform the communication method described in this embodiment.
  • the communication device 1200 can be a network device or terminal device in any of Figures 7 to 10 above, or a component (such as a chip) in these devices, used to implement the communication method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device 1200 includes one or more processors 1201.
  • the processor 1201 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor.
  • it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a RAN node, terminal, or chip, etc.), execute software programs, and process software program data.
  • the processor 1201 may include a program 1203 (sometimes also referred to as code or instructions), and the program 1203 may be run on the processor 1201 so that the communication device 1200 executes the communication method described in the above embodiment.
  • a program 1203 sometimes also referred to as code or instructions
  • the communication device 1200 includes a circuit (not shown in FIG12 ), which is used to implement the functions of the terminal device or network device in the above embodiments.
  • the communication device 1200 may include one or more memories 1202, on which a program 1204 (sometimes also referred to as code or instructions) is stored.
  • the program 1204 can be run on the memory 1202, so that the communication device 1200 executes the communication method described in the above embodiment.
  • the processor 1201 and/or the memory 1202 may include an AI module 1207 and/or 1208, which is configured to implement AI-related functions.
  • the AI module may be implemented using software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the AI module may include a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) module.
  • the AI module may be a near real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.
  • data may be stored in the processor 1201 and/or the memory 1202.
  • the processor and the memory may be provided separately or integrated together.
  • the communication device 1200 may further include a transceiver 1205 and/or an antenna 1206.
  • the processor 1201 may also be sometimes referred to as a processing unit, and controls the communication device (e.g., a RAN node or terminal).
  • the transceiver 1205 may also be sometimes referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, and is configured to implement the transceiver functions of the communication device through the antenna 1206.
  • the above-mentioned communication device 1100 may take the form of the communication device 1200 shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the functions/implementation process of the processing module 1101 in FIG11 can be implemented by the processor 1201 in the communication device 1200 shown in FIG12 calling the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1202.
  • the functions/implementation process of the transceiver module 1102 in FIG11 can be implemented by the transceiver 1205 in the communication device 1200 shown in FIG12.
  • the terminal device or network device in this application may adopt the structure shown in Figure 13, or include the components shown in Figure 13.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1300 provided in this application.
  • the communication device 1300 may be a terminal device or a chip or system-on-chip in a terminal device; or it may be a network device or a module, chip, or system-on-chip in a network device.
  • the communication device 1300 includes at least one processor 1301 and at least one communication interface ( FIG13 is merely an example of one communication interface 1304 and one processor 1301).
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a communication bus 1302 and a memory 1303.
  • Processor 1301 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof.
  • processor 1301 can also be other devices with processing capabilities, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.
  • Communication bus 1302 is used to connect the various components in communication device 1300, enabling communication between them.
  • Communication bus 1302 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. This bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and so on. For ease of illustration, FIG13 shows a single thick line, but this does not imply that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.
  • PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
  • EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
  • Communication interface 1304 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks.
  • communication interface 1304 can be a module, circuit, transceiver, or any other device capable of communication.
  • communication interface 1304 can also be an input/output interface within processor 1301, used to implement signal input and output to the processor.
  • the memory 1303 may be a device with a storage function, used to store instructions and/or data, wherein the instructions may be computer programs.
  • the memory 1303 can exist independently of the processor 1301 or can be integrated with the processor 1301.
  • the memory 1303 can be located within the communication device 1300 or outside the communication device 1300, without limitation.
  • the processor 1301 can be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 1303 to implement the methods provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device 1300 may further include an output device 1305 and an input device 1306.
  • the output device 1305 communicates with the processor 1301 and can display information in various ways.
  • the output device 1305 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector.
  • the input device 1306 communicates with the processor 1301 and can receive user input in various ways.
  • the input device 1306 can be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.
  • the communication device 1100 shown in FIG. 11 may take the form of the communication device 1300 shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the functions/implementation process of the processing module 1101 in FIG11 can be implemented by the processor 1301 in the communication device 1300 shown in FIG13 calling the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1303.
  • the functions/implementation process of the transceiver module 1102 in FIG11 can be implemented by the communication interface 1304 in the communication device 1300 shown in FIG13.
  • the structure shown in FIG13 does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal device or network device.
  • the terminal device or network device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine or split some components, or arrange the components differently.
  • the components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes a processor for implementing the method in any of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the memory is used to store necessary computer programs and data.
  • the computer program may include instructions, and the processor may invoke the instructions in the computer program stored in the memory to instruct the communication device to execute any of the above-described method embodiments.
  • the memory may not be located in the communication device.
  • the communication device also includes an interface circuit, which is a code/data read/write interface circuit, and the interface circuit is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer execution instructions are stored in a memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.
  • an interface circuit which is a code/data read/write interface circuit, and the interface circuit is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer execution instructions are stored in a memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, where the communication interface is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device.
  • the communication device can be a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication device can be composed of chips or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, which implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments when executed by a computer.
  • the above embodiments it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • a software program it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.

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  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

Des modes de réalisation de la présente demande, qui relève du domaine des communications, concernent un procédé et un appareil de communication qui peuvent résoudre le problème de dérive temporelle d'un point d'échantillonnage. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : un dispositif terminal reçoit des premières informations d'indication, détermine un taux de dérive temporelle sur la base des premières informations d'indication et peut en outre recevoir et envoyer un signal sur la base du taux de dérive temporelle. Les premières informations d'indication indiquent des informations de fréquence porteuse d'une première liaison de communication, ou les premières informations d'indication indiquent un premier paramètre. Les informations de fréquence porteuse sont utilisées pour déterminer une fréquence porteuse de la première liaison de communication. Le premier paramètre comprend un taux de changement d'une première avance temporelle (TA) commune, et le taux de changement de la première avance temporelle commune est un taux de changement d'une avance temporelle commune de la première liaison de communication. La première liaison de communication est une liaison de communication entre un dispositif de réseau desservant le dispositif terminal et un appareil relais. L'appareil relais est utilisé pour des communications entre le dispositif terminal et le dispositif de réseau. Le taux de dérive temporelle indique un taux de changement d'un intervalle de point d'échantillonnage pour un signal de domaine temporel.
PCT/CN2025/082970 2024-03-22 2025-03-17 Procédé et appareil de communication Pending WO2025195332A1 (fr)

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CN202410346008.7A CN120692668A (zh) 2024-03-22 2024-03-22 通信方法及装置
CN202410346008.7 2024-03-22

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WO2025195332A1 true WO2025195332A1 (fr) 2025-09-25

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