WO2025195024A1

WO2025195024A1 - Apparatus and method of wireless communication

Info

Publication number: WO2025195024A1
Application number: PCT/CN2025/076150
Authority: WO
Inventors: Li Guo
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2024-03-22
Filing date: 2025-02-07
Publication date: 2025-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2026-09-22

Abstract

A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) includes receiving a number of antennas from a base station, and receiving a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the field of communication systems, and more particularly, to apparatuses and methods of wireless communication.

BACKGROUND

In new radio (NR) /5th generation (5G) systems, particularly in frequency range 2 (FR2) , multi-beam operation is a fundamental feature for ensuring robust communication. A base station and a user equipment (UE) employ beam measurement and reporting within a channel state information (CSI) framework to identify the optimal transmission (Tx) and receive (Rx) beam pair for downlink and uplink transmission. This involves the use of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources or synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH) blocks, each corresponding to a specific Tx beam, for which the UE measures layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) or layer 1 signal to interference noise ratio (L1-SINR) . Additionally, beam indication is facilitated through transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state signaling. Each TCI state provides spatial and power control parameters for beam alignment and uplink power calculation. However, the current method incurs significant overhead as a base station with numerous Tx beams requires an equivalent number of reference signals, impacting system throughput in scenarios with a high number of beams.

In new radio (NR) /5th generation (5G) systems, channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is transmitted to enable the NR/5G system to measure downlink channel conditions. A user equipment (UE) utilizes the CSI-RS to obtain channel state information, and for applications such as beam management, mobility measurement, and rate matching. The CSI-RS can be configured with up to 32 antenna ports per resource and supports flexible antenna deployments, extending to 128 ports in later NR releases. However, a limitation of current CSI-RS design is a significant resource overhead required for measuring large-scale antenna arrays. As a number of antennas increases, CSI-RS consumes more time-frequency resources, reducing system data throughput efficiency.

Therefore, there is a need for apparatuses and methods of wireless communication.

SUMMARY

An object of the present disclosure is to propose apparatuses and methods of wireless communication, which can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) includes receiving a number of antennas from a base station, and receiving a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.

In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a UE includes a receiver configured to receive a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from a base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.

In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a UE includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor coupled to the memory and the transceiver. The UE is configured to perform the above method.

In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a method of wireless communication performed by a base station includes transmitting a number of antennas to a user equipment (UE) , and transmitting a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) to the UE, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.

In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a base station includes a transmitter configured to transmit, to a user equipment (UE) , a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.

In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a base station includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor coupled to the memory and the transceiver. The base station is configured to provide the above method.

In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium has stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the above method.

In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a chip includes a processor, configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the above method.

In a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, causes a computer to execute the above method.

In a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product includes a computer program, and the computer program causes a computer to execute the above method.

In an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program causes a computer to execute the above method.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or related art more clearly, the following figures will be described in the embodiments are briefly introduced. It is obvious that the drawings are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, a person having ordinary skill in this field can obtain other figures according to these figures without paying the premise.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one or more user equipments (UEs) and a base station of communication in a communication network system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of wireless communication performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of wireless communication performed by a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a base station passing a reference signal through a measurement matrix, which maps M-port reference signal onto N transmit antennas, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the transmission and measurement of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) according to the methods proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an example of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with the technical matters, structural features, achieved objects, and effects with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows. Specifically, the terminologies in the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely for describing the purpose of the certain embodiment, but not to limit the disclosure.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various communication systems, such as a global system of mobile communication (GSM) system, a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, a general packet radio service (GPRS) , a long term evolution (LTE) system, a LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, a LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, an advanced long term evolution (LTE-A) system, a new radio (NR) system, an evolution system of a NR system, a LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, a NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) system, an universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) , a global interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, wireless local area networks (WLAN) , wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) , a future 5th generation (5G) system (may also be called a new radio (NR) system) or other communication systems, etc.

Optionally, a base station mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can provide a communication coverage for a specific geographic area and can communicate with a user equipment (UE) located in the coverage area. Optionally, the base station may be a gNB, a base transceiver station (BTS) in the GSM or in the CDMA system, or may be a NodeB (NB) in the WCDMA system, or may be an evolutional Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in the LTE system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) .

A user equipment (UE) may refer to an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. The access terminal may be a cellular radio telephone, a cordless telephone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) telephone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a handheld device with wireless communication functions, a computing device, other processing devices coupled with a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a future 5G network, a terminal device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) , etc.

Optionally, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to an unlicensed spectrum, where the unlicensed spectrum may also be considered as a shared spectrum; or the communication system in the embodiment of the present application may also be applied to a licensed spectrum, where the licensed spectrum can also be considered an unshared spectrum.

In new radio (NR) /5th generation (5G) systems, channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is transmitted to enable the system to measure downlink channel state information. The user equipment (UE) can utilize CSI-RS to obtain channel state information, including precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , rank, and/or channel quality indicator (CQI) . Additionally, CSI-RS is used for beam management, fine time-frequency tracking, mobility measurement, and rate matching.

One of the main use cases of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is for user equipment (UE) to measure the downlink (DL) channel and obtain channel state information (CSI) . To achieve this, the system can configure one or more CSI-RS resource sets for the UE through radio resource control (RRC) signaling. Each CSI-RS resource set can contain one or more CSI-RS resources. Each CSI-RS resource can be configured with up to 32 antenna ports, which can be mapped to one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, where each antenna port corresponds to one next-generation NodeB (gNB) transmit antenna. By measuring each antenna port, the UE can assess the channel conditions between itself and each gNB antenna.

To support flexible antenna configuration and deployment scenarios, new radio (NR) supports various numbers of antenna ports: 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32.

In a later release of the NR specification, to accommodate deployment scenarios with a very large number of next-generation NodeB (gNB) antennas, the number of antenna ports for channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) was extended to 128. To achieve this, four CSI-RS resources, each with 32 antenna ports, are aggregated to form an equivalent 128-port CSI-RS resource.

There may be three different transmission modes for CSI-RS: periodic, semi-persistent, and aperiodic.

In periodic transmission, the gNB provides the configuration of CSI-RS resources, and each CSI-RS resource is transmitted periodically according to the periodicity and slot location specified by the radio resource control (RRC) configuration.

In semi-persistent transmission, the gNB initially provides the CSI-RS resource configuration, including periodicity and slot location in RRC. When CSI-RS transmission is needed, the gNB can send a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) activation command to activate CSI-RS transmission. The CSI-RS resource is then transmitted periodically until the gNB sends a MAC CE deactivation command.

In aperiodic transmission, the gNB first provides the CSI-RS resource configuration in RRC and then uses downlink control information (DCI) to trigger the transmission of a single instance of a CSI-RS resource. A major drawback of the current CSI-RS design is the resource overhead it occupies. To measure the channel of a gNB with N transmit antennas, the gNB must configure and transmit a CSI-RS resource with N antenna ports, where each antenna port corresponds to one gNB antenna. When the gNB has a large number of antennas, the time-frequency resources occupied by CSI-RS increase significantly. As a result, a substantial resource overhead must be allocated to CSI-RS, which can impair system data throughput.

FIG. 1 illustrates that, in some embodiments, one or more user equipments (UEs) 10 and a base station (e.g., next generation NodeB (gNB) or eNB) 20 of communication in a communication network system 30 (e.g., an NR system) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are provided. The communication network system 30 includes the one or more UEs 10 and the base station 20. The one or more UEs 10 may include a memory 12, a transceiver 13, and a processor 11 coupled to the memory 12 and the transceiver 13. The base station 20 may include a memory 22, a transceiver 23, and a processor 21 coupled to the memory 22 and the transceiver 23. The processor 11 or 21 may be configured to implement proposed functions, procedures and/or methods described in this description. Layers of radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 11 or 21. The memory 12 or 22 is operatively coupled with the processor 11 or 21 and stores a variety of information to operate the processor 11 or 21. The transceiver 13 or 23 is operatively coupled with the processor 11 or 21, and the transceiver 13 or 23 transmits and/or receives a radio signal.

The processor 11 or 21 may include application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , other chipset, logic circuit and/or data processing device. The memory 12 or 22 may include read-only memory (ROM) , random access memory (RAM) , flash memory, memory card, storage medium and/or other storage device. The transceiver 13 or 23 may include baseband circuitry to process radio frequency signals. When the embodiments are implemented in software, the techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The modules can be stored in the memory 12 or 22 and executed by the processor 11 or 21. The memory 12 or 22 can be implemented within the processor 11 or 21 or external to the processor 11 or 21 in which case those can be communicatively coupled to the processor 11 or 21 via various means as is known in the art.

In some embodiments, the transceiver 13 is configured to receive a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the base station 20, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

In some embodiments, the transceiver 23 is configured to transmit, to the UE 10, a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a UE 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The UE 200 is configured to implement some embodiments of the disclosure. Some embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented into the UE 200 using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. The UE 200 includes a receiver 201. The receiver 201 is configured to receive a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from a base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a UE 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The UE 300 is configured to implement some embodiments of the disclosure. Some embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented into the UE 300 using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. The UE 300 may include a memory 301, a transceiver 302, and a processor 303 coupled to the memory 301 and the transceiver 302. The processor 303 may be configured to implement proposed functions, procedures and/or methods described in this description. Layers of radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 303. The memory 301 is operatively coupled with the processor 303 and stores a variety of information to operate the processor 303. The transceiver 302 is operatively coupled with the processor 303, and the transceiver 302 transmits and/or receives a radio signal. The processor 303 may include application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , other chipset, logic circuit and/or data processing device. The memory 301 may include read-only memory (ROM) , random access memory (RAM) , flash memory, memory card, storage medium and/or other storage device. The transceiver 302 may include baseband circuitry to process radio frequency signals. When the embodiments are implemented in software, the techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The modules can be stored in the memory 301 and executed by the processor 303. The memory 301 can be implemented within the processor 303 or external to the processor 303 in which case those can be communicatively coupled to the processor 303 via various means as is known in the art.

In some embodiments, the transceiver 302 is configured to receive a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from a base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

FIG. 4 is an example of a method 400 of wireless communication performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method 400 of wireless communication performed by the UE is configured to implement some embodiments of the disclosure. Some embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented into the method 400 of wireless communication performed by the UE using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. In some embodiments, the method 400 of wireless communication performed by the UE includes: an operation 402, receiving a number of antennas from a base station, and an operation 404, receiving a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

In some embodiments, N is 256, and M is 32. In some embodiments, the method further includes receiving information of a measurement matrix for transmitting the CSI-RS from the base station. In some embodiments, the method further includes receiving a list of measurement matrices from the base station, and for the CSI-RS, being indicated with one of the measurement matrices from the base station, and the one of the measurement matrixes is applied on a transmission of the CSI-RS. In some embodiments, the method further includes receiving the CSI-RS from the base station, wherein the CSI-RS is mapped to the N antennas through the one of the measurement matrixes.

In some embodiments, the method further includes measuring the CSI-RS and obtaining a measurement result from the CSI-RS. In some embodiments, the method further includes recovering a full channel information of the N antennas based on the measurement results and/or the one of the measurement matrixes. In some embodiments, the method further includes calculating reporting quantities based on the measurement result and/or full channel information. In some embodiments, the method further includes reporting the reporting quantities to the base station.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of base station 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. The base station 500 is configured to implement some embodiments of the disclosure. Some embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented into the base station 500 using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. The base station 500 includes a transmitter 501. The transmitter 501 is configured to transmit, to a UE, a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a base station 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 600 is configured to implement some embodiments of the disclosure. Some embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented into the base station 600 using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. The base station 600 may include a memory 601, a transceiver 602, and a processor 603 coupled to the memory 601 and the transceiver 602. The processor 603 may be configured to implement proposed functions, procedures and/or methods described in this description. Layers of radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 603. The memory 601 is operatively coupled with the processor 603 and stores a variety of information to operate the processor 603. The transceiver 602 is operatively coupled with the processor 603, and the transceiver 602 transmits and/or receives a radio signal. The processor 603 may include application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , other chipset, logic circuit and/or data processing device. The memory 601 may include read-only memory (ROM) , random access memory (RAM) , flash memory, memory card, storage medium and/or other storage device. The transceiver 602 may include baseband circuitry to process radio frequency signals. When the embodiments are implemented in software, the techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The modules can be stored in the memory 601 and executed by the processor 603. The memory 601 can be implemented within the processor 603 or external to the processor 603 in which case those can be communicatively coupled to the processor 603 via various means as is known in the art.

In some embodiments, the transceiver 602 is configured to transmit, to a UE, a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

FIG. 7 is an example of a method 700 of wireless communication performed by a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method 700 of wireless communication performed by the base station is configured to implement some embodiments of the disclosure. Some embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented into the method 700 of wireless communication performed by the base station using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. In some embodiments, the method 700 of wireless communication performed by the base station includes: an operation 702, transmitting a number of antennas to a user equipment (UE) , and an operation 704, transmitting a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) to the UE, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N. This can solve issues in the prior art and other issues, reduce an overhead of reference signal, and/or boost a system throughput.

In some embodiments, N is 256, and M is 32. In some embodiments, the method further includes transmitting information of a measurement matrix for transmitting the CSI-RS to the UE. In some embodiments, the method further includes transmitting a list of measurement matrices to the UE, and for the CSI-RS, indicating one of the measurement matrices to the UE, and applying the one of the measurement matrixes on a transmission of the CSI-RS. In some embodiments, the method further includes transmitting the CSI-RS to the UE, and mapping the CSI-RS to the N antennas through the one of the measurement matrixes.

In some embodiments, the method further includes requesting the UE to measure the CSI-RS and obtain a measurement result from the CSI-RS. In some embodiments, the method further includes requesting the UE to recover a full channel information of the N antennas based on the measurement results and/or the one of the measurement matrixes. In some embodiments, the method further includes requesting the UE to calculate reporting quantities based on the measurement result and/or full channel information. In some embodiments, the method further includes requesting the UE to report the reporting quantities.

Exemplary Technical Solutions:

Some examples of the present disclosure propose solutions for low-overhead reference signal (RS) transmission based on the theory of compressive sensing. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a base station passing a reference signal through a measurement matrix, which maps an M-port reference signal onto N transmit antennas, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In one embodiment, a base station can be configured with N transmit antennas, where N can be, for example, 64, 128, 256, 1024, or other values. The base station can configure a reference signal, such as channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) (which may also be referred to as RS for CSI or Channel RS) , with M ports. The value of M can be smaller than N.

To enable efficient transmission, the base station first passes the reference signal through a measurement matrix, which maps the M-port reference signal onto the N transmit antennas. An example of this process is illustrated in FIG. 8.

The base station can provide one or more of the following information to the user equipment (UE) .

The number of base station transmit antennas (N) : This information informs the UE of the number of base station antennas it should expect to measure for channel estimation between the base station and the UE. Example values of N can be 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, or other values.

The configuration of the reference signal (e.g., channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ) : This may include at least one of the followings: The number of ports in each CSI-RS. The time-frequency resource allocation for each CSI-RS. The transmission parameters of each CSI-RS, including periodicity and time location. The measurement matrix applied by the base station in the transmission of CSI-RS: This information allows the UE to use the measurement matrix to recover the full channel state.

With such system design, at the UE side, what the UE measures is: R=Φ×H+η, where H is the channel between base station N antennas and the UE with P receive matrix. Φ is the measurement matrix the base station uses to map the CSI-RS with M ports to N antennas, where the dimension of Φ is M×N, and ηis the measurement noise. R is the channel measurement the UE obtain by measuring the received CSI-RS. It is observed that, to measure the channel of N base station antennas, a CSI-RS with N ports may not be needed; instead, a CSI-RS with M ports is transmitted, where M is much smaller than N. Thus, the resource overhead occupied by CSI-RS resource can be reduced significantly. The reason for that is the channel H is sparse in some transformation domain, for example in the spatial domain. According to the theory of compressive sensing, the UE is able to recover the full information of H based on the limited amount measurement of R and the information of measurement matrix Φ.

With the measurement result at the UE side R and the information of measurement matrix Φprovided by the base station, the UE can recover the full channel state information H. The UE can be requested to report one of more of the following information to the base station: The measurement result R. The recovered full information of H. The UE can be requested to measure rank indicator (RI) , precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , and/or channel quality indicator (CQI) information based on measurement result R and then report one or more of them to the base station. The UE can be requested to measure RI, PMI, and/or CQI information based on recovered information H and then report one or more of them to the base station.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of the transmission and measurement of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) according to the methods proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 9 demonstrates the transmission and measurement of CSI-RS based on the theory of compressive sensing as described in this disclosure. The process includes at least the following operations:

Operation 902: The base station provides the number of antennas, N, to the UE. The base station provides the configuration of CSI-RS to the UE, including the number of ports M.

Operation 904: The base station provides the information of the measurement matrix to the UE.

Operation 906: The base station transmits the CSI-RS with M ports to the UE.

Operation 908: The UE receives and measures the CSI-RS and obtains the measurement result.

Operation 910: The UE recovers the full channel information based on the measurement result and provided measurement matrix.

Operation 912: The UE calculates the reporting quantities based on the measurement results and/or recovered full channel information.

Operation 914: The UE reports the requested reporting quantities to the base station.

As illustrated in FIG. 9, the base station first provides the number of antennas to the user equipment (UE) and also provides the configuration of the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) . The number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M can be significantly smaller than N. For example, N can be 256, and M can be 32, reducing the resource overhead of CSI-RS transmission by a factor of 8.

Next, the base station provides the UE with the measurement matrix information used for CSI-RS transmission. The base station can provide a list of measurement matrices and, for the CSI-RS, indicate one of those matrices to the UE. The base station then applies the indicated measurement matrix in the transmission of the CSI-RS.

The base station then transmits the CSI-RS and maps it to the N antennas using the measurement matrix. The UE can be requested to receive and measure the CSI-RS as configured. After obtaining the measurement results from the CSI-RS, the UE can be requested to recover the full channel information of the N base station antennas based on the measurement results and the indicated measurement matrix. The UE can then calculate the requested CSI reporting quantities based on the measurement results and/or recovered full channel information and report the calculated CSI reporting quantities to the base station as configured.

In summary, in some embodiments, the proposed methods can can reduce the overhead of the reference signal by employing the principle of compressive sensing, thereby enhancing system throughput.

Commercial interests for some embodiments are as follows. 1. Solve issues in the prior art and other issues. 2. Reduce an overhead of reference signal. 3. Boost a system throughput. 4. Provide a good communication performance. 5. Provide high reliability. Some embodiments of the present disclosure can be used in many applications. Some embodiments of the present disclosure are used by chipset vendors, video system development vendors, automakers including cars, trains, trucks, buses, bicycles, moto-bikes, helmets, and etc., drones (unmanned aerial vehicles) , smartphone makers, communication devices for public safety use, AR/VR/MR device maker for example gaming, conference/seminar, education purposes. Some embodiments of the present disclosure are a combination of “techniques/processes” that can be adopted in video standards to create an end product. Some embodiments of the present disclosure propose technical mechanisms. The at least one proposed solution, method, system, and apparatus of some embodiments of the present disclosure may be used for current and/or new/future standards regarding communication systems such as a UE, a base station, and/or a communication system. Compatible products follow at least one proposed solution, method, system, and apparatus of some embodiments of the present disclosure. The proposed solution, method, system, and apparatus are widely used in a UE, a base station, and/or a communication system. With the implementation of the at least one proposed solution, method, system, and apparatus of some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one modification to methods and apparatus of wireless communication are considered for standardizing.

FIG. 10 is an example of a computing device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Any suitable computing device can be used for performing the operations described herein. For example, FIG. 10 illustrates an example of the computing device 1100 that can implement some embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. In some embodiments, the computing device 1100 can include a processor 1112 that is communicatively coupled to a memory 1114 and that executes computer-executable program code and/or accesses information stored in the memory 1114. The processor 1112 may include a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit ( “ASIC” ) , a state machine, or other processing device. The processor 1112 can include any of a number of processing devices, including one. Such a processor can include or may be in communication with a computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by the processor 1112, cause the processor to perform the operations described herein.

The memory 1114 can include any suitable non-transitory computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium can include any electronic, optical, magnetic, or other storage device capable of providing a processor with computer-readable instructions or other program code. Non-limiting examples of a computer-readable medium include a magnetic disk, a memory chip, a read-only memory (ROM) , a random access memory (RAM) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a configured processor, optical storage, magnetic tape or other magnetic storage, or any other medium from which a computer processor can read instructions. The instructions may include processor-specific instructions generated by a compiler and/or an interpreter from code written in any suitable computer-programming language, including, for example, C, C++, C#, visual basic, java, python, perl, javascript, and actionscript.

The computing device 1100 can also include a bus 1116. The bus 1116 can communicatively couple one or more components of the computing device 1100. The computing device 1100 can also include a number of external or internal devices such as input or output devices. For example, the computing device 1100 is illustrated with an input/output ( “I/O” ) interface 1118 that can receive input from one or more input devices 1120 or provide output to one or more output devices 1122. The one or more input devices 1120 and one or more output devices 1122 can be communicatively coupled to the I/O interface 1118. The communicative coupling can be implemented via any suitable manner (e.g., a connection via a printed circuit board, connection via a cable, communication via wireless transmissions, etc. ) . Non-limiting examples of input devices 1120 include a touch screen (e g., one or more cameras for imaging a touch area or pressure sensors for detecting pressure changes caused by a touch) , a mouse, a keyboard, or any other device that can be used to generate input events in response to physical actions by a user of a computing device. Non-limiting examples of output devices 1122 include a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen, an external monitor, a speaker, or any other device that can be used to display or otherwise present outputs generated by a computing device.

The computing device 1100 can execute program code that configures the processor 1112 to perform one or more of the operations described above with respect to some embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 9. The program code may be resident in the memory 1114 or any suitable computer-readable medium and may be executed by the processor 1112 or any other suitable processor.

The computing device 1100 can also include at least one network interface device 1124. The network interface device 1124 can include any device or group of devices suitable for establishing a wired or wireless data connection to one or more data networks 1128. Non limiting examples of the network interface device 1124 include an Ethernet network adapter, a modem, and/or the like. The computing device 1100 can transmit messages as electronic or optical signals via the network interface device 1124.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an example of a communication system 1200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Embodiments described herein may be implemented into the communication system 1200 using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. FIG. 11 illustrates the communication system 1200 including a radio frequency (RF) circuitry 1210, a baseband circuitry 1220, an application circuitry 1230, a memory/storage 1240, a display 1250, a camera 1260, a sensor 1270, and an input/output (I/O) interface 1280, coupled with each other at least as illustrated.

The application circuitry 1230 may include a circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processors may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors, such as graphics processors, application processors. The processors may be coupled with the memory/storage and configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems running on the system. The communication system 1200 can execute program code that configures the application circuitry 1230 to perform one or more of the operations described above with respect to some embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 9. The program code may be resident in the application circuitry 1230 or any suitable computer-readable medium and may be executed by the application circuitry 1230 or any other suitable processor.

The baseband circuitry 1220 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processors may include a baseband processor. The baseband circuitry may handle various radio control functions that may enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry. The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation, encoding, decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN) , a wireless local area network (WLAN) , a wireless personal area network (WPAN) . Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol may be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.

In various embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1220 may include circuitry to operate with signals that are not strictly considered as being in a baseband frequency. For example, in some embodiments, baseband circuitry may include circuitry to operate with signals having an intermediate frequency, which is between a baseband frequency and a radio frequency. The RF circuitry 1210 may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 1210 may include circuitry to operate with signals that are not strictly considered as being in a radio frequency. For example, in some embodiments, RF circuitry may include circuitry to operate with signals having an intermediate frequency, which is between a baseband frequency and a radio frequency.

In various embodiments, the transmitter circuitry, control circuitry, or receiver circuitry discussed above with respect to some embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 may be embodied in whole or in part in one or more of the RF circuitry, the baseband circuitry, and/or the application circuitry. As used herein, “circuitry” may refer to, be part of, or include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) , and/or a memory (shared, dedicated, or group) that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality. In some embodiments, the electronic device circuitry may be implemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry may be implemented by, one or more software or firmware modules. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry, the application circuitry, and/or the memory/storage may be implemented together on a system on a chip (SOC) . The memory/storage 1240 may be used to load and store data and/or instructions, for example, for system. The memory/storage for one embodiment may include any combination of suitable volatile memory, such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) ) , and/or non-volatile memory, such as flash memory.

In various embodiments, the I/O interface 1280 may include one or more user interfaces designed to enable user interaction with the system and/or peripheral component interfaces designed to enable peripheral component interaction with the system. User interfaces may include, but are not limited to a physical keyboard or keypad, a touchpad, a speaker, a microphone, etc. Peripheral component interfaces may include, but are not limited to, a non-volatile memory port, a universal serial bus (USB) port, an audio jack, and a power supply interface. In various embodiments, the sensor 1270 may include one or more sensing devices to determine environmental conditions and/or location information related to the system. In some embodiments, the sensors may include, but are not limited to, a gyro sensor, an accelerometer, a proximity sensor, an ambient light sensor, and a positioning unit. The positioning unit may also be part of, or interact with, the baseband circuitry and/or RF circuitry to communicate with components of a positioning network, e.g., a global positioning system (GPS) satellite.

In various embodiments, the display 1250 may include a display, such as a liquid crystal display and a touch screen display. In various embodiments, the communication system 1200 may be a mobile computing device such as, but not limited to, a laptop computing device, a tablet computing device, a netbook, an ultrabook, a smartphone, an AR/VR glasses, etc. In various embodiments, system may have more or less components, and/or different architectures. Where appropriate, methods described herein may be implemented as a computer program. The computer program may be stored on a storage medium, such as a non-transitory storage medium.

A person having ordinary skill in the art understands that each of the units, algorithm, and operations described and disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are realized using electronic hardware or combinations of software for computers and electronic hardware. Whether the functions run in hardware or software depends on the condition of application and design requirement for a technical plan. A person having ordinary skill in the art can use different ways to realize the function for each specific application while such realizations should not go beyond the scope of the present disclosure. It is understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art that he/she can refer to the working processes of the system, device, and unit in the above-mentioned embodiment since the working processes of the above-mentioned system, device, and unit are basically the same. For easy description and simplicity, these working processes will not be detailed.

It is understood that the disclosed system, device, and method in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be realized with other ways. The above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary only. The division of the units is merely based on logical functions while other divisions exist in realization. It is possible that a plurality of units or components are combined or integrated in another system. It is also possible that some characteristics are omitted or skipped. On the other hand, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communicative coupling operate through some ports, devices, or units whether indirectly or communicatively by ways of electrical, mechanical, or other kinds of forms.

The units as separating components for explanation are or are not physically separated. The units for display are or are not physical units, that is, located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units are used according to the purposes of the embodiments. Moreover, each of the functional units in each of the embodiments can be integrated in one processing unit, physically independent, or integrated in one processing unit with two or more than two units.

If the software function unit is realized and used and sold as a product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium in a computer. Based on this understanding, the technical plan proposed by the present disclosure can be essentially or partially realized as the form of a software product. Or, one part of the technical plan beneficial to the conventional technology can be realized as the form of a software product. The software product in the computer is stored in a storage medium, including a plurality of commands for a computational device (such as a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to run all or some of the operations disclosed by the embodiments of the present disclosure. The storage medium includes a USB disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM) , a random access memory (RAM) , a floppy disk, or other kinds of media capable of storing program codes.

While the present disclosure has been described in connection with what is considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to cover various arrangements made without departing from the scope of the broadest interpretation of the appended claims.

Claims

A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:

receiving a number of antennas from a base station; and

receiving a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.
The method of claim 1, wherein N is 256, and M is 32.
The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

receiving information of a measurement matrix for transmitting the CSI-RS from the base station.
The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

receiving a list of measurement matrices from the base station; and

for the CSI-RS, being indicated with one of the measurement matrices from the base station, and the one of the measurement matrixes is applied on a transmission of the CSI-RS.
The method of claim 4, further comprising:

receiving the CSI-RS from the base station, wherein the CSI-RS is mapped to the N antennas through the one of the measurement matrixes.
The method of claim 5, further comprising:

measuring the CSI-RS and obtaining a measurement result from the CSI-RS.
The method of claim 6, further comprising:

recovering a full channel information of the N antennas based on the measurement results and/or the one of the measurement matrixes.
The method of claim 7, further comprising:

calculating reporting quantities based on the measurement result and/or full channel information.
The method of claim 8, further comprising:

reporting the reporting quantities to the base station.
A method of wireless communication performed by a base station, comprising:

transmitting a number of antennas to a user equipment (UE) ; and

transmitting a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) to the UE, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.
The method of claim 10, wherein N is 256, and M is 32.
The method of claim 10 or 11, further comprising:

transmitting information of a measurement matrix for transmitting the CSI-RS to the UE.
The method of any one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising:

transmitting a list of measurement matrices to the UE; and

for the CSI-RS, indicating one of the measurement matrices to the UE, and applying the one of the measurement matrixes on a transmission of the CSI-RS.
The method of claim 13, further comprising:

transmitting the CSI-RS to the UE; and

mapping the CSI-RS to the N antennas through the one of the measurement matrixes.
The method of claim 14, further comprising:

requesting the UE to measure the CSI-RS and obtain a measurement result from the CSI-RS.
The method of claim 15, further comprising:

requesting the UE to recover a full channel information of the N antennas based on the measurement results and/or the one of the measurement matrixes.
The method of claim 16, further comprising:

requesting the UE to calculate reporting quantities based on the measurement result and/or full channel information.
The method of claim 17, further comprising:

requesting the UE to report the reporting quantities.
A user equipment (UE) , comprising:

a receiver configured to receive a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from a base station, wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.
A base station, comprising:

a transmitter configured to transmit, to a user equipment (UE) , a number of antennas and a configuration of channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) , wherein the number of antennas is N, and the CSI-RS has M ports, where M is less than N.
A user equipment (UE) , comprising:

a memory;

a transceiver; and

a processor coupled to the memory and the transceiver;

wherein the UE is configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
A base station, comprising:

a memory;

a transceiver; and

a processor coupled to the memory and the transceiver;

wherein the base station is configured to perform the method of any one of claims 10 to 18.
A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 18.
A chip, comprising:

a processor, configured to call and run a computer program stored in a memory, to cause a device in which the chip is installed to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 18.
A computer readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 18.
A computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 18.
A computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 18.