WO2025179520A1 - Liquid crystal display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid crystal display apparatus, comprising a backlight source (10) and a liquid crystal display panel (20), wherein the liquid crystal display panel (20) is located on a light-emergent side of the backlight source (10). The liquid crystal display panel (20) comprises a first substrate (101), a second substrate (102) and a black matrix (200), which are arranged in a stacked manner, and a liquid crystal layer (300) located between the first substrate (101) and the second substrate (102). The first substrate (101) is located between the liquid crystal layer (300) and the backlight source (10), and the black matrix (200) is located between the liquid crystal layer (300) and the second substrate (102). The liquid crystal display apparatus further comprises a microlens array (400), which comprises a flat surface (420), wherein the microlens array (400) is located between the second substrate (102) and the black matrix (200), and the distance between the flat surface (420) and the black matrix (200) is a placement height (H), which ranges from 1.5 to 40 microns. In the liquid crystal display apparatus, the microlens array (400) is arranged inside the liquid crystal display panel (20), and the distance between the microlens array (400) and the black matrix (200) is also adjusted, thereby facilitating an improvement in the light effect.

Description

Liquid crystal display device Technical Field

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a liquid crystal display device.

Background Art

Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) use liquid crystal material between two substrates. Voltage applied to the liquid crystal material alters the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, allowing them to transmit or block light, thereby displaying images. Currently, LCDs with high PPI (pixel density) are finding applications in display products such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR).

Summary of the Invention

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device includes a backlight source and a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight source. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate is located between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight source, and the black matrix is located between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display device also includes a microlens array, which is located between the second substrate and the black matrix. The microlens array includes a planar surface, and the distance between the planar surface and the black matrix is a placement height, and the placement height is 1.5 to 40 microns.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses, and the refractive index of the structure located between the microlens array and the black matrix and in contact with the surface of the microlens array is smaller than the refractive index of the microlenses.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the liquid crystal display device also includes a light-transmitting structure layer in contact with the microlens array, the light-transmitting structure layer is located between the microlens array and the black matrix, and the ratio of the maximum thickness of the light-transmitting structure layer to the placement height is 0.9 to 1.1; the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses, and the refractive index of the microlenses is greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the maximum size of the microlenses in the microlens array is the dome height, and the dome height is 2 to 25 micrometers.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of light-shielding strips arranged along a first direction are provided on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and the black matrix includes a plurality of first black matrix strips arranged along the first direction and a plurality of second black matrix strips connecting two adjacent first black matrix strips, and the plurality of first black matrix strips and the plurality of second black matrix strips are cross-arranged to form a grid structure to define a plurality of black matrix openings; along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the first black matrix strips and the second black matrix strips both overlap with the light-shielding strips, and the plurality of light-shielding strips and the black matrix jointly define a plurality of pixel openings, and the area of at least one pixel opening is smaller than the area of at least one black matrix opening.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple pixel openings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple microlenses in the microlens array, and the orthographic projections of the multiple pixel openings on the second substrate completely fall within the orthographic projections of the multiple microlenses on the second substrate.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first direction, the size of at least one light shielding strip is larger than the size of at least one first black matrix strip.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of the area of the pixel opening to the area of the orthographic projection of the microlens corresponding to the pixel opening on the second substrate is the light source aperture ratio, and the light source aperture ratio is 10% to 80%.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of gate lines arranged along the first direction are provided on the side of the light-shielding strip facing the liquid crystal layer, and the orthographic projection of at least one gate line on the second substrate completely falls within the orthographic projection of at least one light-shielding strip on the second substrate, and in the first direction, the size of the at least one light-shielding strip is larger than the size of the at least one gate line.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an active layer is arranged between the light-shielding strips and the multiple gate lines, and a plurality of data lines arranged along a second direction are arranged between the multiple gate lines and the liquid crystal layer, and the second direction intersects with the first direction; a first insulating layer is arranged between the multiple data lines and the active layer, and the multiple data lines are connected to the active layer through a plurality of first vias in the first insulating layer; along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the multiple first vias overlap with the multiple light-shielding strips, and the multiple first vias do not overlap with the multiple gate lines.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one light-shielding strip includes a center line extending along its extension direction, and the first via hole and the gate line overlapping with the at least one light-shielding strip have their orthographic projections on the second substrate located on both sides of the orthographic projection of the center line of the at least one light-shielding strip on the second substrate.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of conductive blocks are provided between the plurality of data lines and the liquid crystal layer, a second insulating layer is provided between the plurality of conductive blocks and the plurality of data lines, and the plurality of conductive blocks are connected to the liquid crystal layer through a plurality of second via holes penetrating the second insulating layer and the first insulating layer. along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the plurality of second via holes overlap with the plurality of light shielding strips, and the plurality of second via holes do not overlap with the plurality of gate lines.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of pixel electrodes are arranged between the plurality of conductive blocks and the liquid crystal layer, a third insulating layer is arranged between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the plurality of conductive blocks, and the plurality of pixel electrodes are electrically connected to the plurality of conductive blocks through a plurality of third via holes in the third insulating layer.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the plurality of third via holes overlap with the plurality of light shielding bars, and the plurality of pixel electrodes overlap with the plurality of light shielding bars.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each shading strip has a bent shape, the shape of the pixel opening includes a hexagon or a circle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlens in the microlens array on the second substrate includes a circle or an ellipse.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each light shielding strip has a straight line shape, the shape of the pixel opening includes a rectangle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlens in the microlens array on the second substrate includes a circle or an ellipse.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a color filter layer, and the color filter layer is located between the microlens array and the liquid crystal layer, or the color filter layer is located between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the color film layer includes a plurality of color film groups arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction, each color film group includes two color film rows staggered along the second direction, each color film row includes a first color color film, a second color color film and a third color color film arranged in sequence along the second direction, and in the same color film group, the color of the first color film in the first color film row is the same as the color of the second color film in the second color film row.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a connection layer located between the black matrix and the liquid crystal layer, and the material of the light-transmitting structural layer is the same as that of the connection layer.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index of the microlens is 1.6 to 1.8, and the refractive index of the structure in contact with the microlens array is 1.3 to 1.6.

The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device includes a backlight source and a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight source. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate is located between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight source, and the black matrix is located between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display device also includes a microlens array. The microlens array is located on a side of the second substrate away from the black matrix. The microlens array includes a plane surface. The distance between the plane surface and the black matrix is a placement height, and the placement height is 50 to 200 microns.

For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second substrate contacts the surface of the microlens array, and the refractive index of the microlens is greater than the refractive index of the second substrate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than limiting the present disclosure.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a liquid crystal display device according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing how the brightness gain of a display panel changes with the placement height of a micro-lens.

FIG3 and FIG4 are curves showing how the brightness gain of a display panel varies with the focal length of a microlens at different placement heights according to different examples in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a curve showing how the brightness gain of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure changes with the aperture ratio of the light source at different placement heights of the microlens.

FIG. 6 is a curve showing how the brightness gain of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure changes with the aperture ratio of the light source at different dome heights of the microlenses.

7 and 8 are graphs showing how the gain of a display panel varies with the focal length of a microlens at different placement heights of the microlens according to different examples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of a light shielding strip in an example of the display device shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the stacking relationship between the light shielding strips and the black matrix shown in FIG. 9 .

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overlapping relationship between the microlens and the pixel opening shown in FIG. 10 .

12 to 20 are diagrams showing the stacking relationship of multiple film layers in an example of the display device shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the common electrode in FIG20 .

FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the pixel electrode in FIG20 .

FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of the color filter layer shown in FIG1 in one example.

FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of a light-shielding strip of the display device shown in FIG1 in another example.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the stacking relationship between the light shielding strips and the black matrix shown in FIG. 24 .

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overlapping relationship between a microlens and a pixel opening shown in FIG. 25 in an example of a display device.

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overlapping relationship between a microlens and a pixel opening in another example of a display device.

28 to 36 are diagrams showing the stacking relationship of multiple film layers in another example of the display device shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG37 is a schematic diagram of the common electrode in FIG36 .

FIG38 is a schematic diagram of the pixel electrode in FIG36 .

FIG39 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of the color filter layer shown in FIG1 in another example.

FIG40 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG41 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the ordinary meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are simply used to distinguish different components. The words "include" or "comprising" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

The features "parallel", "perpendicular" and "same" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure include the features "parallel", "perpendicular" and "same" in the strict sense, as well as the cases where "approximately parallel", "approximately perpendicular" and "approximately the same" contain certain errors, taking into account the errors associated with the measurement and the measurement of specific quantities (for example, the limitations of the measurement system), and are expressed as being within the acceptable deviation range for a specific value determined by ordinary technicians in this field. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 10% or 5% of the value. In the following embodiments of the present disclosure, the quantity of a component is not specifically indicated. When the word "at least one" is used, it means that the component can be one or more, or can be understood as at least one. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means at least two.

During research, the inventors of this application discovered that current methods for improving the transmittance of LCD devices include increasing the transmittance of film materials, increasing the aperture ratio, and optimizing the liquid crystal and electrode designs. However, these methods are limited. For example, for AR or VR products with high PPI, the high PPI limits the aperture ratio of the LCD device, thereby limiting the improvement of its light efficiency.

The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display device, including a backlight source and a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight source, and includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first and second substrates. The first substrate is located between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight source, and the black matrix is located between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display device also includes a microlens array, which is located between the second substrate and the black matrix. The microlens array includes a planar surface, and the distance between the planar surface and the black matrix is a placement height, and the placement height is 1.5 to 40 microns.

The liquid crystal display device provided by the present disclosure significantly improves light efficiency by disposing a microlens array inside a liquid crystal display panel and adjusting the distance between the microlens array and a black matrix.

The liquid crystal display device provided by the present disclosure is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the display device shown in the example of Figure 1 , a microlens array is located inside the liquid crystal display panel.

As shown in FIG1 , a liquid crystal display device includes a backlight 10 and a liquid crystal display panel 20. The liquid crystal display panel 20 is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight 10. The liquid crystal display panel 20 includes a first substrate 101, a second substrate 102, a black matrix 200, and a liquid crystal layer 300 located between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. The first substrate 101 is located between the liquid crystal layer 300 and the backlight 10, and the black matrix 200 is located between the liquid crystal layer 300 and the second substrate 102.

As shown in FIG1 , the liquid crystal display device further includes a microlens array 400. For example, the microlens array 400 includes a plurality of microlenses 410. For example, the plurality of microlenses 410 are arranged in an array in a plane parallel to the first substrate 101, such as the plurality of microlenses 410 are arranged in an array in a plane perpendicular to the Z direction.

The inventors of this application compared three different situations: setting a microlens directly opposite the light source, setting a shading structure around the microlens, setting a sub-shading structure at the center or edge of the microlens, or not setting any sub-shading structure between the microlens and the light source, and found that the edge of the microlens converges large-angle light to achieve light gain.

As shown in FIG1 , the micro lens array 400 is located between the second substrate 102 and the black matrix 200. The micro lens array 400 includes a plane surface 420. The distance between the plane surface 420 and the black matrix 200 is 1/4. Height H, placement height H is 1.5 to 40 microns.

In the liquid crystal display device provided by the present disclosure, a microlens array is disposed between a second substrate and a black matrix, for example, within a display panel. The placement height of the microlens array is set by comprehensively considering the pixel structure and process conditions of the display panel, thereby significantly improving light efficiency, such as gain. For example, the light efficiency of the liquid crystal display panel can be improved by 15% to 300%.

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 , the placement height H is 3 to 15 microns. For example, the placement height is less than 35 microns. For example, the placement height is less than 25 microns. For example, the placement height is 2 to 37 microns, such as 5 to 35 microns, such as 2.5 to 10 microns, such as 3 to 8 microns, such as 20 to 35 microns, etc.

Figure 2 is a graph showing how the brightness gain of a display panel changes with the placement height of the microlenses. In the display device corresponding to the graph in Figure 2, the refractive index of the microlenses is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.55, the refractive index of the second substrate is 1.52, the dome height of the microlenses is 2.602 microns, and the display panel has a PPI of 1500.

For example, as shown in Figure 2, the placement heights of the microlenses are 5 microns, 15 microns, 25 microns, 35 microns, and 45 microns, and the corresponding gains are 13.53%, 86.09%, 109.02%, 100%, and 63.06%, respectively. For example, when the placement height of the microlenses is no greater than 25 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel gradually increases as the placement height of the microlenses increases. When the placement height of the microlenses exceeds 25 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel gradually decreases as the placement height of the microlenses increases.

For example, as shown in FIG2 , when the microlens is placed at a height greater than 15 and less than 45 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel exceeds 60%; when the microlens is placed at a height greater than 15 and less than 35 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel is greater than 80%; and when the microlens is placed at a height of 25 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel is greater than 100%.

Therefore, the brightness gain of the display panel can be adjusted by adjusting the placement height of the microlens, such as setting the placement height of the microlens to 10 microns.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 1 , the refractive index of the structure located between the microlens array 400 and the black matrix 200 and in contact with the surface of the microlens array 400 is smaller than the refractive index of the microlens 410 .

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 , the liquid crystal display device further includes a light-transmitting structural layer 510 in contact with the microlens array 400. The light-transmitting structural layer 510 is located between the microlens array 400 and the black matrix 200. The ratio of the maximum thickness of the light-transmitting structural layer 510 to the placement height is 0.9 to 1.1. The refractive index of the microlenses 410 is greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting structural layer 510. For example, the microlens array 400 is in contact with the second substrate 102, and the refractive index of the second substrate 102 is less than the refractive index of the microlenses 410.

For example, as shown in FIG1 , the maximum thickness of the light-transmitting structure layer 510 can be For example, adjacent microlenses 410 may or may not be spaced apart. When spaced apart, the portion of the light-transmitting structural layer 510 between adjacent microlenses 410 has the maximum thickness, which may be substantially the same as the placement height.

For example, as shown in FIG1 , the portion of the light-transmitting structural layer 510 in contact with the microlenses 410 has a concave shape, which can be a shape complementary to the shape of the microlenses 410. For example, the surface of the light-transmitting structural layer 510 facing away from the black matrix 200 is flush with the planar surface 420 of the microlens array 400. For example, the microlenses 410 are disposed on a surface of the second substrate 102, and the planar surface 420 of the microlens array 400 can be the surface of the second substrate 102. The surface of the light-transmitting structural layer 510 facing away from the black matrix 200 includes the surface in contact with the microlenses 410 and the surface in contact with the second substrate 102. For example, the light-transmitting structural layer 510 can be a light-transmitting planarizing layer that performs a planarizing function, such as planarizing the black matrix 200 and the film layer on the side facing away from the microlenses 410.

For example, as shown in FIG1 , the refractive index of microlens 410 is 1.6 to 1.8, and the refractive index of the structure in contact with microlens array 400 is 1.3 to 1.6. For example, the structure in contact with microlens array 400 shown in FIG1 may be light-transmitting structure layer 510. For example, the refractive index of microlens 410 may be 1.7, and the refractive index of light-transmitting structure layer 510 may be 1.55. For example, the refractive index of microlens 410 may be 1.61, and the refractive index of light-transmitting structure layer 510 may be 1.55.

Figures 3 and 4 show curves showing how the brightness gain of a display panel varies with the focal length of the microlenses at different placement heights, according to various examples of the present disclosure. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate examples where the microlens heights H01, H02, H03, and H04 are 3 microns, 5 microns, 8 microns, and 20 microns, respectively.

For example, in the display device corresponding to the graph shown in FIG3 , the refractive index of the microlens is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structural layer is 1.55, and the refractive index of the second substrate is 1.52. For example, as shown in FIG3 , as the placement height of the microlens gradually increases from 3 microns to 20 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel gradually increases. For example, when the focal length of the microlens is approximately 32 microns, the gain can reach 60%. For example, after the focal length of the microlens exceeds 40 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel gradually decreases as the focal length increases.

For example, in the display device corresponding to the graph shown in FIG4 , the refractive index of the microlens is 1.61, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.55, and the refractive index of the second substrate is 1.52. For example, as shown in FIG4 , as the placement height of the microlens gradually increases from 3 microns to 20 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel gradually increases. For example, after the focal length of the microlens exceeds 50 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel gradually decreases as the focal length increases. For example, when the focal length of the microlens is less than 50 microns and the placement height of the microlens is 20 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel approaches 40%.

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 , the liquid crystal display panel 20 further includes a connection layer 530 located between the black matrix 200 and the liquid crystal layer 300, and the material of the light-transmitting structural layer 510 is the same as that of the connection layer 530. For example, the light-transmitting structural layer 510 and the connection layer 530 can both be transparent adhesive layers, such as the material of both can be the material of an overcoating (OC).

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 , the liquid crystal display panel 20 further includes a color filter layer 800, which is located between the microlens array 400 and the liquid crystal layer 300. For example, the black matrix 200 may include black matrix openings 230, and the color filter layer 800 may overlap with the black matrix openings 230 of the black matrix 200.

For example, as shown in Figure 1, the liquid crystal display panel 20 also includes a first polarizing layer 21 located between the first substrate 101 and the backlight source 10, a second polarizing layer 24 located on the side of the second substrate 102 away from the backlight source 10, a light alignment film 22 located between the liquid crystal layer 300 and the connecting layer 530, and multiple film layers 11 located between the first substrate 101 and the liquid crystal layer 300, such as the shading strips, active layers, gate lines, data lines, conductive blocks, pixel electrodes, common electrodes, and multiple insulating layers described later.

For example, as shown in FIG1 , a light shielding strip 610 (described later) is provided on the side of the first substrate 101 facing the liquid crystal layer 300. The light shielding strip 610 and the black matrix opening 230 of the black matrix 200 jointly define a plurality of pixel openings 521. The ratio of the area of the pixel opening 521 to the area of the orthographic projection of the microlens 410 corresponding to the pixel opening 521 on the second substrate 102 is the light source opening ratio. The light source opening ratio is 10% to 80%. For example, the light source opening ratio is 20% to 70%. For example, the light source opening ratio is less than 60%. For example, the light source opening ratio is not less than 70%. For example, the light source opening ratio is 30% to 50%.

For example, when the light source opening ratio is large, such as greater than 70%, the area of the pixel opening is large, and the proportion of wide-angle light in the light incident on the pixel opening is small, so the light source gain is small; when the light source opening ratio is small, such as 10% to 50%, the area of the pixel opening is small, and the proportion of wide-angle light in the light incident on the pixel opening is large, so the light source gain is large. For liquid crystal display panels with a small pixel opening area, such as liquid crystal display panels with a high PPI, the utilization rate of the light source can be improved by setting a microlens array, thereby improving the light efficiency.

For example, when setting the relative position of the pixel opening and the microlens, the area of the pixel opening is set to be basically unchanged. By adjusting the side length of the pixel opening and the placement height of the microlens, the percentage of brightness increase of the light emitted from the pixel opening relative to when no microlens is set can be adjusted, such as the brightness gain.

For example, the area of the pixel opening is 27.2 to 27.4 square microns, and the shape of the pixel opening can be rectangular. The side length * side length value of the first group of pixel openings is set to 5.23 * 5.23 microns, the side length * side length value of the second group of pixel openings is set to 3.7 * 7.4 microns, and the side length * side length value of the third group of pixel openings is set to 3.4 * 8 microns. The orthographic projection of the first group of pixel openings on the second substrate completely falls within the corresponding microlens in the first Within the orthographic projections on the two substrates, portions of the orthographic projections of the second group of pixel openings and the third group of pixel openings on the second substrate are located outside the orthographic projections of their corresponding microlenses on the second substrate, and an area ratio of the portion of the third group of pixel openings located outside the orthographic projection of the microlens on the second substrate is greater than an area ratio of the portion of the second group of pixel openings located outside the orthographic projection of the microlens on the second substrate.

For example, when the microlens is placed at a height of 6 microns and the microlens has a dome height of 2.4 microns, the gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings is 28.48%, the gain of the display panel including the second group of pixel openings is 7.59%, and the gain of the display panel including the third group of pixel openings is 4.75%. For example, when the microlens is placed at a height of 15 microns and the microlens has a dome height of 2.4 microns, the gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings is 41.46%, the gain of the display panel including the second group of pixel openings is 40.82%, and the gain of the display panel including the third group of pixel openings is 40.82%. Thus, the first group of pixel openings, such as the square-shaped pixel openings whose orthographic projections are completely within the orthographic projections of the microlenses, has a higher brightness gain than the other two groups of pixel openings, such as the rectangular-shaped pixel openings whose orthographic projections are partially within the orthographic projections of the microlenses, when the microlenses are set at a lower placement height and have a lower dome height.

For example, when the arch height of the microlens is 3.7 microns, as the placement height of the microlens increases, such as from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the above three groups of pixel openings increases. When the placement height of the microlens is less than 10 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings is greater than 10%, and is greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the other two groups of pixel openings. When the placement height of the microlens is greater than 15 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the second and third groups of pixel openings is greater than 30%, and is greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings.

For example, when the arch height of the microlens is 2.4 microns, as the placement height of the microlens increases, such as from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the above three groups of pixel openings increases, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings is basically always greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the second group of pixel openings and the third group of pixel openings.

For example, when the arch height of the microlens is 1.64 microns, as the placement height of the microlens increases, such as from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the above three groups of pixel openings increases, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings is basically always greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the second group of pixel openings and the third group of pixel openings. For example, when the placement height of the microlens increases from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings increases from 20% to nearly 50%, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the second group of pixel openings increases from 20% to nearly 50%. The gain increases from less than 10% to more than 30%, and the gain of the brightness of the display panel including the third group of pixel openings increases from less than 10% to nearly 40%.

For example, when the arch height of the microlens is 1.28 microns, as the placement height of the microlens increases, such as from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the above three groups of pixel openings increases, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings is basically always greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the second group of pixel openings and the third group of pixel openings. For example, when the placement height of the microlens increases from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the first group of pixel openings increases from less than 20% to more than 30%, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the second group of pixel openings and the third group of pixel openings increases from less than 10% to nearly 30%.

For example, as shown in FIG1 , the orthographic projection of each pixel opening on the second substrate 102 is located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding microlens 410 on the second substrate 102. For example, the shape of the pixel opening includes a polygon such as a rectangle, a square, or a hexagon, or a circle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlens 410 in the microlens array 400 on the second substrate 102 includes a circle or an ellipse.

For example, the three groups of pixel openings with successively increasing areas may include a fourth group of pixel openings, a fifth group of pixel openings, and a sixth group of pixel openings, wherein the fourth group of pixel openings has a size of 3.324*3.324 microns, the fifth group of pixel openings has a size of 3.4*6.5 microns, and the sixth group of pixel openings has a size of 3.4*9.75 microns. The areas of the three groups of pixel openings increase by 11.05 square microns, and the fourth group of pixel openings is square in shape, while the other two groups of pixel openings are rectangular in shape. For example, the orthographic projections of the fourth and fifth groups of pixel openings on the second substrate completely fall within the orthographic projections of their corresponding microlenses on the second substrate, the orthographic projections of the sixth group of pixel openings on the second substrate are partially located outside the orthographic projections of their corresponding microlenses on the second substrate, and the ratio of the orthographic projection area of the fourth group of pixel openings to the microlenses is less than the ratio of the orthographic projection area of the fifth group of pixel openings to the microlenses.

For example, when the placement height of the microlens is 6 microns and the arch height of the microlens is 2.4 microns, the brightness of the display panel including the fourth group of pixel openings is increased by 25.32%, the brightness of the display panel including the fifth group of pixel openings is increased by 16.77%, and the brightness of the display panel including the sixth group of pixel openings is increased by 4.01%. For example, when the placement height of the microlens is 15 microns and the arch height of the microlens is 2.4 microns, the brightness of the display panel including the fourth group of pixel openings is increased by 153.16%, the brightness of the display panel including the fifth group of pixel openings is increased by 57.59%, and the brightness of the display panel including the sixth group of pixel openings is increased by 27.77%. Therefore, while the pixel opening area increases by the same amount, the light source power increases accordingly. On the one hand, the ratio of the pixel opening to the microlens projection area, that is, the lower the light source opening rate, the higher the brightness gain of the display panel; on the other hand, On the other hand, the brightness gain of the display panel including the pixel opening having a square shape and facing the center of the microlens is greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the pixel opening having a rectangular shape.

For example, when the microlens arch height is 3.7 microns, as the placement height of the microlens increases, such as from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the three groups of pixel openings increases, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the fourth group of pixel openings is always greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the other two groups of pixel openings. For example, as the placement height of the microlens increases from 6 microns to 24 microns, the brightness gain of the display panel including the fourth group of pixel openings increases from less than 20% to more than 120%, the brightness gain of the display panel including the fifth group of pixel openings increases from less than 20% to greater than 30%, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the sixth group of pixel openings increases from less than 10% to nearly 20%.

For example, when the arch height of the microlens is 2.4 μm, 1.64 μm, and 1.28 μm, as the placement height of the microlens increases, such as from 6 μm to 24 μm, the brightness gain of the display panel including the above three groups of pixel openings increases, and the brightness gain of the display panel including the fourth group of pixel openings is always greater than the brightness gain of the display panel including the other two groups of pixel openings.

Figure 5 is a graph showing how the brightness gain of a display panel, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, varies with the light source aperture ratio at different microlens placement heights. Figure 5 illustrates an example in which the microlens arch height is 2.4 microns and the microlens placement heights H11, H12, H13, H14, H15, and H16 are 2.6 microns, 5.6 microns, 8.6 microns, 11.6 microns, 14.6 microns, and 17.6 microns, respectively.

For example, as shown in Figure 5, the greater the light source aperture ratio, the smaller the gain in display panel brightness. For example, when the light source aperture ratio is less than 60%, the gain increases with increasing microlens placement height. When the light source aperture ratio is greater than 70%, the effect of changes in microlens placement height on the gain is minimal. For example, when the microlens placement height is 14.6 microns and 17.6 microns, the gain decreases with increasing light source aperture ratio. For example, when the light source aperture ratio is 10%, the gain is close to 350%. For example, when the microlens placement height is 11.6 microns, the gain is maximum when the light source aperture ratio is between 10% and 30%, such as greater than 200%. For example, when the microlens placement height is 8.6 microns, the gain is maximum when the light source aperture ratio is between 20% and 50%, such as greater than 120%. For example, when the microlens placement height is greater than 8.6 microns and the light source aperture ratio is greater than 60%, the gain exceeds 100%. For example, when the microlens placement height is greater than 5.6 microns and the light source aperture ratio is greater than 60%, the gain exceeds 65%. For example, the placement height of the microlens is 5.6 microns, and the gain does not exceed 85%.For example, the placement height of the microlens 410 is 2.6 microns, and the gain does not exceed 65%.

By matching the light source aperture ratio and placement height, such as setting the light source aperture ratio to 10% to 60% and the placement height of the microlens to 8 to 20 microns, the brightness of the liquid crystal display panel can be maximized. By adjusting other parameters simultaneously, the gain can be increased to over 100%. For example, by setting the light source aperture ratio to 10% to 20% and the microlens placement height to 11 to 20 microns, the gain can be increased to over 200%, or even over 300%.

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 , the maximum dimension of the microlenses 410 in the microlens array 400 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101 is the dome height, which is 2 to 25 microns. For example, the dome height can be 2 to 10 microns. For example, the dome height can be 2.2 to 6 microns, such as 2.3 to 5 microns, such as 2.3 to 4.5 microns, or 2.4 to 4 microns.

For example, as shown in FIG1 , microlens 410 includes a microlens curved surface 411 and a microlens plane 412. Microlens plane 412 is a portion of planar surface 420. For example, the microlens plane 412 of each microlens 410 constitutes planar surface 420. The maximum distance between microlens curved surface 411 and microlens plane 412 is the aforementioned arch height. For example, the distance between microlens curved surface 411 and microlens plane 412 gradually decreases from the center to the edge of microlens curved surface 411. For example, microlens curved surface 411 is located between microlens plane 412 and black matrix 200.

The direction perpendicular to the first substrate may refer to a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the first substrate, such as the thickness direction of the first substrate, such as the Z direction shown in FIG. 1 .

Figure 6 shows a graph showing how the brightness gain of a display panel, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, varies with the light source aperture ratio at different microlens heights. In the example shown in Figure 6, the microlenses are positioned at a height of 5 microns, the refractive index of microlens 410 is 1.7, and the microlens heights A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 are 1.06 microns, 1.28 microns, 1.64 microns, 2.4 microns, and 3.7 microns, respectively.

For example, as shown in Figure 6, when the light source aperture ratio is greater than 70%, the brightness gain of display panels using microlenses of varying dome heights gradually decreases, with minimal variation. For example, when the microlens dome height is no greater than 2.4 microns, the gain increases with increasing dome height and decreases with increasing light source aperture ratio. For example, when the microlens dome height is 2.4 microns, the gain can reach over 70%. For example, when the microlens dome height is 3.7 microns, the gain can reach over 70%.

By matching the light source aperture ratio, the placement height of the micro-lens, and the arch height, the brightness gain of the display panel can reach a good level, such as above 100%.

For example, the first substrate 101 of the display device shown in FIG1 is provided with a plurality of data lines 640 (described later). The plurality of data lines 640 are arranged along the second direction. The distance between adjacent microlenses 410 in the second direction can be referred to as the spacing between microlenses 410. The spacing between microlenses 410 has a certain impact on the gain. For example, when the spacing between adjacent microlenses 410 is large, such as 3.4 microns, the gain is low, such as below 11%. When the spacing is 2.4 microns, the gain is still low, such as around 30%.

Figures 7 and 8 are graphs showing how the gain of a display panel varies with the focal length of the microlenses at different microlens placement heights, according to various examples of the present disclosure. In the examples shown in Figures 7 and 8 , the microlenses are spaced 1.4 microns apart, placed at heights of 5 and 8 microns, respectively. The refractive index of the microlenses is 1.7, and the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.55. The microlenses shown in Figure 7 have a size of 7.4 microns in the second direction, while the microlenses shown in Figure 8 have a size of 8.4 microns in the second direction.

For example, the curvature radius, arch height, focal length, placement height and gain of the microlens shown in FIG7 are shown in Table 1 below, where Gain 1 represents the gain when the placement height of the microlens is 5 microns, and Gain 2 represents the gain when the placement height of the microlens is 8 microns.

Table 1

By matching the microlens' radius of curvature, its size in the second direction, its dome height, and its focal length with the placement height, a gain of approximately 60% can be achieved. For example, a microlens with a radius of curvature of 4 to 4.5 microns, a dome height of 2.48 to 1.94 microns, and a focal length of 41.33 to 46.5 microns, matched with a placement height of 8 microns, can achieve a gain greater than 50%.

For example, as shown in FIG8 , when the size of the microlens 410 in the second direction is 8.4 μm, the gain can be improved.

For example, if the interval between microlenses is further reduced, such as to 0.4 microns, the gain can reach up to about 70%.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of a light shielding strip in an example of the display device shown in Figure 1. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the stacking relationship between the light shielding strip and the black matrix shown in Figure 9. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping relationship between the microlens and the pixel opening shown in Figure 10.

In some examples, as shown in FIG1, FIG9 and FIG10, the first substrate 101 is provided with a plurality of light shielding strips 610 arranged along a first direction, the black matrix 200 includes a plurality of first black matrix strips 210 arranged along the first direction and a plurality of second black matrix strips 220 connecting two adjacent first black matrix strips 210, and a plurality of The first black matrix strips 210 and the plurality of second black matrix strips 220 are arranged crosswise to form a grid structure to define a plurality of black matrix openings 230. In a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101, the first black matrix strips 210 and the second black matrix strips 220 overlap with the light shielding strips 610. The plurality of light shielding strips 610 and the black matrix 200 collectively define a plurality of pixel openings 521. The area of at least one pixel opening 521 is smaller than the area of at least one black matrix opening 230. For example, a portion of the edge of the pixel opening 521 is an edge of the black matrix 200, while another portion of the edge is an edge of the light shielding strip 610.

For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 10, at least a portion of the second black matrix strips 220 does not overlap with the light shielding strips 610 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101. For example, at least a portion of the first black matrix strips 210 does not overlap with the light shielding strips 610 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101. For example, the plurality of black matrix openings 230 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel openings 521, and the area of each pixel opening 521 is smaller than the area of each black matrix opening 230.

10 , in the first direction, the size of at least one light shielding strip 610 is larger than the size of at least one first black matrix strip 210. For example, the number of light shielding strips 610 and the number of first black matrix strips 210 may be the same and arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

In some examples, as shown in Figures 9 to 11, each light shielding strip 610 has a curved shape, the shape of the pixel opening 521 includes a hexagon or a circle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlens 410 in the microlens array 400 on the second substrate 102 includes a circle or an ellipse. Figure 10 schematically shows that the shape of the pixel opening 521 includes a hexagon and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlens 410 is a circle, but is not limited thereto. For example, the first black matrix strip 210 has a curved shape, such as the bending trend of the first black matrix strip 210 is the same as the bending trend of the light shielding strip 610. For example, the multiple second black matrix strips 220 located between two adjacent first black matrix strips 210 all extend along the first direction.

For example, as shown in Figures 9 to 11, four sides of the hexagonal pixel opening 521 are defined by the black matrix 200, and two sides are defined by the light shielding strips 610, forming a hexagonal shape surrounded by the light shielding strips 610 and the black matrix 200. For example, the size of the pixel opening 521 in the first direction is smaller than the size of the black matrix opening 230 in the first direction, and the size of the pixel opening 521 in the second direction is substantially the same as the size of the black matrix opening 230 in the second direction.

In some examples, as shown in Figures 1 and 11, the multiple pixel openings 521 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple microlenses 410 in the microlens array 400, and the orthographic projections of the multiple pixel openings 521 on the second substrate 102 completely fall within the orthographic projections of the multiple microlenses 410 on the second substrate 102.

For example, as shown in FIG1 and FIG11, the refractive index of the microlens 410 is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer 510 is 1.52, the refractive index of the second substrate 102 is 1.41, and the size of the microlens 410 in the Y direction is 1.7. When the microlens 410 has a width of 7.4 microns, a spacing of 1.4 microns between adjacent microlenses 410 in the Y direction, a curvature radius of 5 microns, a dome height of 1.64 microns, a focal length of 24.3 microns, and a placement height of 5 microns, the gain is close to 35%, for example, 34.37%.

The display device provided by the present disclosure can significantly improve the brightness gain of the display panel by matching the parameters of the microlens with the pixel opening shape defined by the black matrix and the shading strip, such as using a hexagonal pixel opening to match the refractive index, curvature radius, arch height, focal length, lateral size, spacing and placement height of the microlens.

For example, in some examples, the display panel has an 1800 PPI, the pixel opening is hexagonal, the sub-pixels included in the display panel are 8.8 microns in the second direction, the light source aperture ratio is 34%, the refractive index of the microlens is 1.6, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41 or 1.55, and the gain is 15% to 62%. For example, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41, the size of the microlens in the second direction is 7.4 microns, the spacing between adjacent microlenses in the second direction is 1.4 microns, the curvature radius of the microlens is 4.5 microns, the arch height of the microlens is 1.94 microns, and the focal length of the microlens is 33.39 microns. When the placement height is 5 microns, the gain is close to 50%, such as 49.09%; when the placement height is 8 microns, the gain exceeds 60%, such as 61.56%.

For example, in some examples, the display panel has an 1800 PPI, the pixel opening is hexagonal, the sub-pixels included in the display panel have a size of 8.8 microns in the second direction, the light source aperture ratio is 34%, the refractive index of the microlens is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41 or 1.55, and the gain is 20% to 70%. For example, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41, the size of the microlens in the second direction is 7.4 microns, the spacing between adjacent microlenses in the second direction is 1.4 microns, the curvature radius of the microlens is 5.24 microns, the arch height of the microlens is 4.53 microns, the focal length of the microlens is 25.48 microns, and when the placement height is 5 microns, the gain exceeds 50%, such as 51.17%; when the placement height is 8 microns, the gain exceeds 60%, such as 61.04%. For example, when the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41, the size of the microlenses in the second direction is 7.4 microns, the spacing between adjacent microlenses in the second direction is 1.4 microns, the radius of curvature of the microlenses is 4.5 microns, the dome height of the microlenses is 1.94 microns, the focal length of the microlenses is 21.9 microns, and the placement height is 2.5 microns, the gain exceeds 20%, such as 21.56%. For example, when the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.55, the size of the microlenses in the second direction is 7.4 microns, the spacing between adjacent microlenses in the second direction is 1.4 microns, the radius of curvature of the microlenses is 4.12 microns, the dome height of the microlenses is 2.3 microns, and the focal length of the microlenses is 42.57 microns, and the placement height is 5 microns, the gain exceeds 40%, such as 41.72%. When the placement height is 8 microns, the gain exceeds 60%, such as 60.19%.

When determining the placement height, adjusting the arch height of the microlens can optimize the gain and select the optimal structure. For example, a placement height of 5 microns can achieve a gain of 50%, and a placement height of 8 microns can achieve a gain of 60%.

Figures 12 to 20 illustrate the stacking relationship of multiple film layers in an example of the display device shown in Figure 1. Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the common electrode in Figure 20. Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the pixel electrode in Figure 20. Figure 12 shows the light shielding bar 610 and the active layer 630. Figure 13 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, and the gate line 620. Figure 14 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, the gate line 620, and the first via hole 711 in the first insulating layer 710. Figure 15 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, the gate line 620, the first via hole in the first insulating layer, and the data line 640. Figure 16 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, the gate line 620, the first via hole in the first insulating layer, the data line 640, and the second via hole 721 in the second insulating layer 720. FIG17 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer 630, a gate line 620, a first via hole in the first insulating layer, a data line 640, a second via hole in the second insulating layer, and a conductive block 650. FIG18 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer 630, a gate line 620, a first via hole in the first insulating layer, a data line 640, a second via hole in the second insulating layer, a conductive block 650, and a third via hole 731 in the third insulating layer 730. FIG19 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer 630, a gate line 620, a first via hole in the first insulating layer, a data line 640, a second via hole in the second insulating layer, a conductive block, a third via hole in the third insulating layer, and a pixel electrode 520. FIG20 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer, a gate line 620, a data line, a conductive block, a pixel electrode 520, and a common electrode 522.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 12 , an active layer 630 is disposed on one side of the light shielding strip 610 .

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 and FIG13 , a plurality of gate lines 620 arranged along a first direction are provided on the side of the light shielding strip 610 facing the liquid crystal layer 300. The orthographic projection of at least one gate line 620 on the second substrate 102 completely falls within the orthographic projection of at least one light shielding strip 610 on the second substrate 102. In addition, in the first direction, the size of at least one light shielding strip 610 is larger than the size of at least one gate line 620. This helps prevent the gate lines 620 from blocking light and reduces the impact of the gate lines 620 on the aperture ratio of the pixels.

For example, as shown in Figure 13, the number of multiple gate lines 620 is the same as the number of multiple shading strips 610 and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The orthographic projection of each gate line 620 on the second substrate 102 falls within the orthographic projection of the corresponding shading strip 610 on the second substrate 102.

In some examples, as shown in FIG13 , at least one light-shielding strip 610 includes a center line OL extending along its extension direction, and an orthographic projection of a gate line 620 overlapping the at least one light-shielding strip 610 on the second substrate 102 is located on one side of the orthographic projection of the center line of the at least one light-shielding strip 610 on the second substrate 102. For example, in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, the gate line 620 and the center line of the light-shielding strip 610 overlapping therewith do not overlap.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 12 to FIG. 15 , an active layer 630 is provided between the light shielding strip 610 and the plurality of gate lines 620, and a plurality of gate lines 620 and the liquid crystal layer are provided with a plurality of gate lines arranged along the second direction. The second direction of the plurality of data lines 640 in the column intersects the first direction. For example, the first direction may be the X direction and the second direction may be the Y direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto and the first and second directions may be interchangeable. A first insulating layer 710 is disposed between the plurality of data lines 640 and the active layer 630. The plurality of data lines 640 are connected to the active layer 630 via a plurality of first vias 711 in the first insulating layer 710. In a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101, the plurality of first vias 711 overlap the plurality of light shielding strips 610 and do not overlap the plurality of gate lines 620. By arranging the first vias 711 to overlap the light shielding strips 610, light leakage at the locations of the first vias 711 is prevented while also preventing the first vias 711 from affecting the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels.

For example, as shown in FIG14 , the shading strip 610 includes a broken line segment, and the raised position in the broken line segment overlaps with the first via hole 711 , which is beneficial for maximizing the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel while achieving the overlap between the shading strip 610 and the first via hole 711 .

For example, as shown in Figure 15, each data line 640 and each gate line 620 has a bent shape to form a hexagonal pixel opening. For example, each data line 640 includes a plurality of data line segments, each gate line 620 includes a plurality of gate line segments, a data line segment of a data line 640 overlaps with a gate line segment of a gate line 620, and a portion of the gate line segments of at least one gate line 620 overlaps with the data line 640, while another portion of the gate line segments does not overlap with the data line 640.

In some examples, as shown in FIG14 , the orthographic projection of the first via 711 and the gate line 620 overlapping the at least one light shielding strip 610 on the second substrate 102 is located on both sides of the orthographic projection of the center line OL of the at least one light shielding strip 610 on the second substrate 102. Disposing the gate line 620 and the first via 711 on both sides of the center line of the light shielding strip 610 facilitates preventing interference between the gate line 620 and the first via 711.

In some examples, as shown in Figures 1, 16, and 17, a plurality of conductive blocks 650 are disposed between the plurality of data lines 640 and the liquid crystal layer 300. A second insulating layer 720 is disposed between the plurality of conductive blocks 650 and the plurality of data lines 640. The plurality of conductive blocks 650 are connected to the active layer 630 via a plurality of second via holes 721 that penetrate the second insulating layer 720 and the first insulating layer 710. In a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101, the plurality of second via holes 721 overlap the plurality of light shielding strips 610, and the plurality of second via holes 721 do not overlap the plurality of gate lines 620. By arranging the second via holes 721 to overlap the light shielding strips 610, light leakage at the locations of the second via holes 721 is prevented while also preventing the second via holes 721 from affecting the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels.

For example, as shown in FIG16 , the active layer 630 includes a plurality of active blocks to form a plurality of thin film transistors. Different active blocks are spaced apart. In a first via hole 711 and a second via hole 721 connected to the same active block, the first via hole 711 is further away from the gate line 620 overlapping the same active block than the second via hole 721. In order to maximize the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel while both the first via hole 711 and the second via hole 721 overlap with the light shielding strip 610 .

In some examples, as shown in Figures 1 and 17 to 19, a plurality of pixel electrodes 520 are disposed between the plurality of conductive blocks 650 and the liquid crystal layer 300. A third insulating layer 730 is disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes 520 and the plurality of conductive blocks 650. The plurality of pixel electrodes 520 are electrically connected to the plurality of conductive blocks 650 via a plurality of third via holes 731 in the third insulating layer 730. For example, the plurality of pixel electrodes 520 and the plurality of conductive blocks 650 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence.

In some examples, as shown in Figures 1 and 17 to 19, the plurality of third via holes 731 overlap the plurality of light shielding bars 610, and the plurality of pixel electrodes 520 overlap the plurality of light shielding bars 610, along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101. By arranging the third via holes 731 to overlap the light shielding bars 610, while preventing light leakage at the locations of the third via holes 731, the pixel electrodes 520 overlap the light shielding bars 610 to connect to the third via holes 731, which helps prevent the third via holes 731 from affecting the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels.

For example, as shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 22 , the shape of the pixel electrode 520 is hexagonal, and the area of the pixel electrode 520 is larger than the area of the pixel opening 521 .

For example, as shown in Figures 20 and 21, the common electrode 522 includes a plurality of hexagonal common electrode openings to correspond to the plurality of pixel electrodes 520. For example, the common electrode 522 covers the gate line 620 and the data line 640. For example, the common electrode 522 includes a plurality of first common electrode strips arranged along a first direction and a plurality of second common electrode strips connecting two adjacent first common electrode strips, and the plurality of first common electrode strips and the plurality of second common electrode strips are integrated to form a plurality of common electrode openings corresponding to the pixel openings. For example, the size of the first common electrode strip in the first direction is smaller than the size of the light shielding strip 610 in the first direction. For example, the size of the first common electrode strip in the first direction is larger than the size of the gate line 620 in the first direction. For example, the size of the second common electrode strip in the second direction is larger than the size of the data line 640 in the second direction.

FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of the color filter layer shown in FIG1 in one example.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal display panel 20 further includes a color filter layer 800 , and the color filter layer 800 is located between the microlens array 400 and the liquid crystal layer 300 .

In some examples, as shown in FIG23 , the color filter layer 800 includes a plurality of color filter groups 810 arrayed along a first direction and a second direction, each color filter group 810 includes two color filter rows 811 staggered along the second direction, each color filter row 811 includes a first color filter 801, a second color filter 802, and a third color filter 803 sequentially arranged along the second direction, and in the same color filter group 810, the color of the first color filter in the first color filter row 811 is the same as the color of the second color filter in the second color filter row 811. For example, in the same color filter group 810, the first color filter in the first color filter row 811 is the same as the second color filter in the second color filter row 811. The color of the film can be red, and the color of the second color film in the second color film row 811 can be red. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In the same color film group 810, the color of the first color film in the first color film row 811 can be green or blue.

For example, as shown in Figure 23, each color filter group 810 may include six color filters, and each color filter row 811 may include three color filters of different colors. For example, the first color filter 801, the second color filter 802, and the third color filter 803 may be red, green, and blue, respectively. For example, within the same color filter group 810, two color filters passing through a straight line extending along the first direction may have different colors. For example, each color filter corresponds to a sub-pixel, such as a display panel including red, green, and blue sub-pixels, and the sub-pixels are arranged in the same manner as the color filters.

Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of a light shielding strip in another example of the display device shown in Figure 1. Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the stacking relationship between the light shielding strip and the black matrix shown in Figure 24. Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping relationship between the microlens in one example of the display device and the pixel opening shown in Figure 25. The display device shown in Figures 24 to 26 differs from the display device shown in Figures 9 to 11 in the shape of the light shielding strip 610, the shape of the black matrix 200, the shape of the black matrix opening 230, and the shape of the pixel opening 521.

In some examples, as shown in Figures 24 to 26, each light shielding strip 610 has a straight line shape, the shape of the pixel opening 521 includes a rectangle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlenses 410 in the microlens array 400 on the second substrate 102 includes a circle or an ellipse. For example, the shape of the pixel opening 521 includes a square, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlens 410 includes a circle. For example, the first black matrix strip 210 has a straight line shape, and the shape of the black matrix opening 230 includes a rectangle. For example, three sides of the pixel opening 521 are defined by the black matrix 200, and one side is defined by the light shielding strip 610.

FIG27 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overlapping relationship between microlenses and pixel openings in another example of a display device. The example shown in FIG27 differs from the example shown in FIG26 in that the shape of pixel opening 521 is different, and the shape of microlens 410 is different. For example, as shown in FIG27 , the shape of pixel opening 521 includes a rectangle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of microlens 410 includes an ellipse.

The distribution of the shading strips 610 shown in Figures 24 to 27, the distribution of the black matrix 200, the overlapping relationship between the black matrix 200 and the shading strips 610, the size relationship between the pixel openings 521 and the black matrix openings 230, the size relationship between the shading strips 610 and the first black matrix strips 210 in the first direction, and the corresponding relationship between the pixel openings 521 and the microlenses 410 are the same as the corresponding structures in the display device shown in Figures 9 to 11, and will not be repeated here.

For example, as shown in FIG. 27 , using a microlens 410 with an elliptical orthographic projection shape to match a pixel opening 521 with a rectangular shape is beneficial for significantly improving the gain, for example, the gain can reach 200%.

For example, as shown in FIG27 , the sub-pixel size is 6 microns by 18 microns, the light source aperture ratio is 66.39%, the interval between adjacent microlenses 410 is 1.4 microns, and the size of the elliptical microlens 410 in the first direction is 16.6 microns and in the second direction is 4.6 microns. The gain can be adjusted by adjusting the matching relationship between the arch height and the placement height of the microlens 410. For example, when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 3.5 microns and the placement height is 8 microns, the gain is 116.76%; when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 1.25 microns and the placement height is 5 microns, the gain is 203.71%; when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 4.75 microns and the placement height is 2.5 microns, the gain is 170.93%; and when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 4 microns and the placement height is 1.5 microns, the gain is 124.82%.

For example, as shown in FIG27 , the sub-pixel size is 6 microns by 18 microns, the light source aperture ratio is 15%, the interval between adjacent microlenses 410 is 1.4 microns, and the size of the elliptical microlens 410 in the first direction is 16.6 microns and in the second direction is 4.6 microns. The gain can be adjusted by adjusting the matching relationship between the arch height and the placement height of the microlens 410. For example, when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 2 microns and the placement height is 8 microns, the gain is 214.44%; when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 3.25 microns and the placement height is 5 microns, the gain is 267.42%; when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 4.75 microns and the placement height is 2.5 microns, the gain is 225.66%; and when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 4.25 microns and the placement height is 1.5 microns, the gain is 203.29%.

For example, as shown in FIG27 , the sub-pixel size is 6 microns by 18 microns, the light source aperture ratio is 80%, the interval between adjacent microlenses 410 is 1.4 microns, and the size of the elliptical microlens 410 in the first direction is 16.6 microns and the size in the second direction is 4.6 microns. The gain can be adjusted by adjusting the matching relationship between the arch height and the placement height of the microlens 410. For example, when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 1.25 microns and the placement height is 5 microns, the gain is 226.91%; when the arch height of the microlens 410 is 4.75 microns and the placement height is 2.5 microns, the gain is 196.89%.

When the pixel shape and size, the interval between microlenses and the orthographic projection shape of the microlenses remain unchanged, the maximum gain can be adjusted to over 170% by adjusting the light source aperture ratio, the placement height of the microlenses and the arch height.

In some examples, as shown in the two display devices in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27 , the refraction of the microlens 410 is the same, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer 510 is the same, the placement height of the microlens 410 is the same, the interval between adjacent microlenses 410 is the same, and the light source aperture ratio is the same, but having different pixel opening 521 shapes will result in different gains.

For example, the size of the sub-pixel shown in FIG26 is 8.8*8.8 microns, the size of the microlens 410 in the second direction is 7.4 microns, the interval between adjacent microlenses 410 is 1.4 microns, and the light source aperture ratio is 34%. For example, when the refractive index of the microlens 410 is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.55, and the placement height is 5 microns, the arch height of the microlens 410 is 2.48 microns, and the gain is 29.43%; when the refractive index of the microlens 410 is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41, and the placement height is 5 microns, the arch height of the microlens 410 is 1.64 microns, and the gain is 34.37%; when the refractive index of the microlens 410 is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41, and the placement height is 2.5 microns, the arch height of the microlens 410 is 1.64 microns, and the gain is 12.66%.

For example, the size of the sub-pixel shown in FIG27 is 8.8*13.2 μm, the size of the microlens 410 in the second direction is 7.4 μm, the interval between adjacent microlenses 410 is 1.4 μm, and when the light source aperture ratio is 34%, for example, if the refractive index of the microlens 410 is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.55, the placement height is 5 μm, the arch height of the microlens 410 is 1.94 μm, and the gain is 4.75%; for example, if the refractive index of the microlens 410 is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.41, the placement height is 5 μm, the arch height of the microlens 410 is 3.7 μm, and the gain is 25.06%.

Thus, the gain of a display panel with square pixel openings is higher than that of a display panel with rectangular pixel openings, where the ratio of the length of the long side of the rectangular pixel opening to the side length of the square pixel opening is 1.5. The gain of the display panel with square pixel openings is 34.37% when the microlens is placed at a height of 5 microns, while the gain of the display panel with rectangular pixel openings is 25.06% when the microlens is placed at a height of 5 microns. Note that pixel openings with different aspect ratios can be used.

Figures 28 to 36 illustrate the stacking relationship of multiple film layers in another example of the display device shown in Figure 1. Figure 37 is a schematic diagram of the common electrode in Figure 36. Figure 38 is a schematic diagram of the pixel electrode in Figure 36. Figure 28 shows the light shielding bar 610 and the active layer 630. Figure 29 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, and the gate line 620. Figure 30 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, the gate line 620, and the first via hole 711 in the first insulating layer 710. Figure 31 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, the gate line 620, the first via hole, and the data line 640. Figure 32 shows the light shielding bar 610, the active layer 630, the gate line 620, the first via hole, the data line 640, and the second via hole 721 in the second insulating layer 720. FIG33 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer 630, a gate line 620, a first via hole, a data line 640, a second via hole, and a conductive block 650. FIG34 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer 630, a gate line 620, a first via hole, a data line 640, a second via hole, a conductive block 650, and a third via hole 731 in a third insulating layer 730. FIG35 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer 630, a gate line 620, a first via hole, a data line 640, a second via hole, a conductive block 650, a third via hole, and a pixel electrode 520. FIG36 shows a light shielding strip 610, an active layer 630, a gate line 620, a first via hole, a data line, a second via hole, a conductive block, a third via hole, a pixel electrode 520, and and a common electrode 522 .

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 29 , an active layer 630 is disposed on one side of the light shielding strip 610 .

In some examples, as shown in Figures 1 and 29, a plurality of gate lines 620 arranged along a first direction are provided on the side of the light shielding strip 610 facing the liquid crystal layer 300. The orthographic projection of at least one gate line 620 on the second substrate 102 completely falls within the orthographic projection of at least one light shielding strip 610 on the second substrate 102, and the size of at least one light shielding strip 610 is larger than the size of at least one gate line 620 in the first direction. This helps prevent the gate lines 620 from blocking light and reduces the impact of the gate lines 620 on the aperture ratio of the pixels. For example, the light shielding strip 610 has a straight line shape, and the gate lines 620 also have a straight line shape.

The positional relationship between the gate lines and the light shielding strips in this example may be the same as the positional relationship between the gate lines 620 and the light shielding strips 610 in the example shown in FIG. 13 , and will not be described in detail here.

In some examples, as shown in Figure 1 and Figures 29 to 31, an active layer 630 is arranged between the shading strip 610 and the multiple gate lines 620, and a plurality of data lines 640 arranged along a second direction are arranged between the multiple gate lines 620 and the liquid crystal layer 300, and the second direction intersects with the first direction; a first insulating layer 710 is arranged between the multiple data lines 640 and the active layer 630, and the multiple data lines 640 are connected to the active layer 630 through a plurality of first vias 711 in the first insulating layer 710; along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101, a portion of each first via 711 overlaps with the multiple shading strips 610, and the multiple first vias 711 do not overlap with the multiple gate lines 620.

For example, as shown in Figure 30, the orthographic projection of the first via 711 and the gate line 620 on the second substrate that overlap with at least one light shielding strip 610 is located on both sides of the orthographic projection of the center line of the at least one light shielding strip 610 on the second substrate. By arranging the gate line 620 and the first via 711 on both sides of the center line of the light shielding strip 610, it is helpful to prevent the gate line 620 from interfering with the first via 711.

For example, as shown in FIG. 31 , the data lines 640 have a meandering shape to match the staggered arrangement of the sub-pixels.

In some examples, as shown in Figures 1, 32 and 33, a plurality of conductive blocks 650 are arranged between the multiple data lines 640 and the liquid crystal layer 300, a second insulating layer 720 is arranged between the multiple conductive blocks 650 and the multiple data lines 640, and the multiple conductive blocks 650 are connected to the active layer 630 through a plurality of second vias 721 that pass through the second insulating layer 720 and the first insulating layer; along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101, the multiple second vias 721 overlap with the multiple light-shielding strips 610, and the multiple second vias 721 do not overlap with the multiple gate lines 620.

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 and FIG34 to FIG36, a plurality of pixel electrodes 520 are provided between the plurality of conductive blocks 650 and the liquid crystal layer 300, a third insulating layer 730 is provided between the plurality of pixel electrodes 520 and the plurality of conductive blocks 650, and the plurality of pixel electrodes 520 pass through a plurality of third via holes in the third insulating layer 730. 731 is electrically connected to the plurality of conductive blocks 650. For example, the plurality of pixel electrodes 520 and the plurality of conductive blocks 650 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 36 , along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 101 , the plurality of third via holes 731 overlap with the plurality of light shielding bars 610 , and the plurality of pixel electrodes 520 overlap with the plurality of light shielding bars 610 .

For example, as shown in FIG. 25 and FIG. 38 , the shape of the pixel electrode 520 is rectangular, and the area of the pixel electrode 520 is larger than the area of the pixel opening 521 .

For example, as shown in Figures 36 and 37, the common electrode 522 includes a plurality of rectangular common electrode openings to correspond to the plurality of pixel electrodes 520. For example, the common electrode 522 covers the gate line 620 and the data line 640. For example, the common electrode 522 includes a plurality of first common electrode strips arranged along a first direction and a plurality of second common electrode strips connecting two adjacent first common electrode strips, and the plurality of first common electrode strips and the plurality of second common electrode strips are integrated to form a plurality of common electrode openings corresponding to the pixel openings. For example, the size of the first common electrode strip in the first direction is smaller than the size of the light shielding strip 610 in the first direction. For example, the size of the first common electrode strip in the first direction is larger than the size of the gate line 620 in the first direction. For example, the size of the second common electrode strip in the second direction is larger than the size of the data line 640 in the second direction.

FIG39 is a schematic diagram of a partial planar structure of the color filter layer shown in FIG1 in another example.

In some examples, as shown in FIG39 , the color filter layer 800 includes a plurality of color filter groups 810 arrayed along a first direction and a second direction, each color filter group 810 includes two color filter rows 811 staggered along the second direction, each color filter row 811 includes a first color color filter 801, a second color color filter 802, and a third color color filter 803 arranged in sequence along the second direction, and in the same color filter group 810, the color of the first color filter in the first color filter row 811 is the same as the color of the second color filter in the second color filter row 811.

For example, as shown in Figure 39, each color filter group 810 may include six color filters, and each color filter row 811 may include three color filters of different colors. For example, the first color filter 801, the second color filter 802, and the third color filter 803 may be red, green, and blue, respectively. For example, within the same color filter group 810, a straight line extending along the first direction may pass through two color filters of different colors. In this example, the arrangement of the pixel electrodes and sub-pixels is the same as that of the color filters.

In some examples, in a display device with a 2290 PPI and a pixel arrangement as shown in FIG38, the size of the sub-pixel is 7.4*11.1 microns, the pixel opening is 4.9*4.6 microns, the light source opening ratio is 79.72%, the refractive index of the microlens is 1.7, the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer is 1.55, the spacing between the microlenses is 1.4 microns, and the size of the microlens in the second direction is 6 microns. For example, if the placement height of the microlens is 5 microns When the microlens is placed at a height of 15 microns, the gain is 17.9%; when the microlens is placed at a height of 15 microns, the gain is 28.8%; when the microlens is placed at a height of 25 microns, the gain is 37.66%; when the microlens is placed at a height of 35 microns, the gain is 20.25%.

For example, the method for manufacturing the display device shown in FIG1 includes sequentially forming a microlens array 400 and a light-transmitting structure layer 510 on a second substrate 102. Then, on the side of the light-transmitting structure layer 510 away from the microlens array 400, a black matrix 200, a color filter layer 800, a connection layer 530, and an alignment layer are sequentially formed. Finally, the display device 510 is assembled with the first substrate. For example, the material of the microlens array 400 is a positive photoresist. The solution concentration of the microlens array 400 material is 20-55%. The transmittance of the microlens array 400 material at a thickness of 3 microns for light with a wavelength of 450 nanometers is not less than 90%. The viscosity of the microlens array 400 material is 5-60 centipoise (cP), the refractive index is 1.71, and the thickness is 3-6 microns. For example, the material of the light-transmitting structural layer 510 is a non-photoresist, the solution concentration in the material is 15-25%, the material of the microlens array 400 has a light transmittance greater than 99%, a viscosity of 10-30 centipoise (cP), a refractive index of 1.41, and a thickness of 5-15 microns. For example, the microlens array 400 is formed using slit coating with a pressure of 40 Pa, a pre-bake time of 3 minutes, a temperature of 110°C, an exposure time of 1000 milliseconds, a development time of 150 seconds, a tetramethylammonium hydroxide concentration of 2.38%, a bleaching energy of 1000 mJ/ ^cm2 , and a curing temperature of 180-200°C for 30 minutes. The arch height of the microlens array 400 is adjusted by controlling the coating conditions of the microlens array 400, the size and arch height of the microlens 410 in the direction parallel to the second substrate 102 are adjusted by controlling the exposure intensity and time of the microlens array 400, and the parameters such as the curvature radius and arch height of the microlens 410 are adjusted by controlling the curing temperature and time. For example, the light-transmitting structure layer 510 can be slit coated with a pressure of 40 Pa, a pre-baking time of 3 minutes, a temperature of 120°C, and a temperature of 160°C for 30 minutes during curing. When making a microlens array in a liquid crystal display panel, it is necessary to consider the temperature in the liquid crystal display panel manufacturing process, such as 230°C, to make the preparation process of the microlens array compatible with the preparation process of the liquid crystal display panel.

Figure 40 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. Figure 40 differs from the display device shown in Figure 1 in the location of the color filter layer 800. As shown in Figure 40 , the color filter layer 800 is located between the first substrate 101 and the liquid crystal layer 300. Aside from the location of the color filter layer 800 being different from that of the display device shown in Figure 1, the remaining structure of this example shares the same features as that of the display device shown in Figure 1 and will not be further described here.

1 , in the process of manufacturing the display device shown in FIG. 40 , by manufacturing the color filter layer 800 on the first substrate 101 , the heat treatment steps of the color filter layer 800 on the microlens array 400 and the light-transmitting structure layer 510 can be reduced.

Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between the display device shown in Figure 41 and that shown in Figure 1 lies in the position of the microlens array 400. In the display device shown in Figure 41, the microlens array is located outside the liquid crystal display panel.

As shown in FIG41 , a liquid crystal display device includes a backlight 10 and a liquid crystal display panel 20. The liquid crystal display panel 20 is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight 10. The liquid crystal display panel 20 includes a first substrate 101, a second substrate 102, a black matrix 200, and a liquid crystal layer 300 located between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. The first substrate 101 is located between the liquid crystal layer 300 and the backlight 10, and the black matrix 200 is located between the liquid crystal layer 300 and the second substrate 102. The liquid crystal display device also includes a microlens array 400. The microlens array 400 is located on the side of the second substrate 102 away from the black matrix 200. The microlens array 400 includes a planar surface 420. The distance between the planar surface 420 and the black matrix 200 is a placement height. The placement height H is 50 to 200 microns. For example, the placement height can include the thickness of the second substrate 102. For example, the placement height can include the thickness of the light-transmitting structural layer 510. In this example, the refractive index relationship between the light-transmitting structural layer 510 and the microlenses can be set arbitrarily.

When the microlens array is positioned outside the second substrate of the liquid crystal display panel, light must first pass through the second substrate before passing through the microlens array. Therefore, the gain effect of the microlens array is related to the thickness of the second substrate. If the second substrate is made of glass and its thickness is 400 microns, due to its large thickness, when the light emitted from the black matrix opening reaches the microlens, the angle between the edge light and the direction perpendicular to the second substrate is basically 0.26°, which appears as basically collimated light. At this time, there is basically no light with a wide viewing angle, so the microlens has basically no gain for normal viewing angles. When the placement height between the microlens and the black matrix is set to 50 to 200 microns, the deflection angle of the edge light incident on the microlens is larger, which is conducive to improving gain.

For example, as shown in FIG41 , the placement height is 50 to 70 microns. For example, the placement height is less than 100 microns. For example, the placement height is less than 68 microns, or less than 65 microns, or less than 60 microns, or less than 55 microns.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 41 , the second substrate 102 is in contact with a surface of the microlens array 400 , and the refractive index of the microlenses 410 is greater than the refractive index of the second substrate 102 .

For example, as shown in FIG. 41 , the display device further includes a planar layer 25 located on a side of the microlens array 400 away from the second substrate 102 .

The other structures of this embodiment, except for the position of the micro-lens array, have the same features as those of the display device shown in FIG. 1 , and are not described again herein.

There are a few points to note:

(1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure only involve structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other structures can refer to the usual design.

(2) In the absence of conflict, features in the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

The foregoing description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. The scope of protection of the present disclosure is determined by the appended claims.

Claims (22)

A liquid crystal display device, comprising: Backlight; a liquid crystal display panel located on the light-emitting side of the backlight source, the liquid crystal display panel comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate is located between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight source, and the black matrix is located between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate; The liquid crystal display device further includes a microlens array, which is located between the second substrate and the black matrix. The microlens array includes a planar surface, and the distance between the planar surface and the black matrix is a placement height, which is 1.5 to 40 microns. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses, and a refractive index of a structure located between the microlens array and the black matrix and in contact with a surface of the microlens array is smaller than a refractive index of the microlenses. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal display device further comprises a light-transmitting structural layer in contact with the microlens array, the light-transmitting structural layer is located between the microlens array and the black matrix, and the ratio of the maximum thickness of the light-transmitting structural layer to the placement height is 0.9 to 1.1; The microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses, and the refractive index of the microlenses is greater than the refractive index of the light-transmitting structure layer. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, a maximum size of the microlenses in the microlens array is a dome height, and the dome height is 2 to 25 microns. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of light-shielding strips arranged along a first direction are provided on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, the black matrix comprises a plurality of first black matrix strips arranged along the first direction and a plurality of second black matrix strips connecting two adjacent first black matrix strips, the plurality of first black matrix strips and the plurality of second black matrix strips being arranged to intersect to form a grid structure to define a plurality of black matrix openings; Along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the first black matrix strips and the second black matrix strips overlap with the light-shielding strips, and the multiple light-shielding strips and the black matrix jointly define multiple pixel openings, and the area of at least one pixel opening is smaller than the area of at least one black matrix opening. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of pixel openings are The multiple microlenses in the microlens array are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the orthographic projections of the multiple pixel openings on the second substrate completely fall within the orthographic projections of the multiple microlenses on the second substrate. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, in the first direction, a size of at least one light shielding strip is larger than a size of at least one first black matrix strip. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the area of the pixel opening to the area of the orthographic projection of the microlens corresponding to the pixel opening on the second substrate is a light source aperture ratio, and the light source aperture ratio is 10% to 80%. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein a plurality of gate lines arranged along the first direction are provided on the side of the light-shielding strip facing the liquid crystal layer, the orthographic projection of at least one gate line on the second substrate completely falls within the orthographic projection of at least one light-shielding strip on the second substrate, and in the first direction, the size of the at least one light-shielding strip is larger than the size of the at least one gate line. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein an active layer is provided between the light shielding strips and the plurality of gate lines, and a plurality of data lines arranged along a second direction are provided between the plurality of gate lines and the liquid crystal layer, wherein the second direction intersects the first direction; A first insulating layer is provided between the plurality of data lines and the active layer, and the plurality of data lines are connected to the active layer through a plurality of first via holes in the first insulating layer; Along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the plurality of first via holes overlap with the plurality of light shielding bars, and the plurality of first via holes do not overlap with the plurality of gate lines. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein at least one shading strip includes a center line extending along its extension direction, and the first via hole and the gate line overlapping with the at least one shading strip have orthographic projections on the second substrate located on both sides of the orthographic projection of the center line of the at least one shading strip on the second substrate. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein a plurality of conductive blocks are provided between the plurality of data lines and the liquid crystal layer, a second insulating layer is provided between the plurality of conductive blocks and the plurality of data lines, and the plurality of conductive blocks are connected to the active layer through a plurality of second via holes penetrating the second insulating layer and the first insulating layer; Along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the plurality of second via holes overlap with the plurality of light shielding bars, and the plurality of second via holes do not overlap with the plurality of gate lines. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein a plurality of pixel electrodes are provided between the plurality of conductive blocks and the liquid crystal layer, and a plurality of pixel electrodes are provided between the plurality of conductive blocks and the liquid crystal layer. A third insulating layer is provided, and the plurality of pixel electrodes are electrically connected to the plurality of conductive blocks through a plurality of third via holes in the third insulating layer. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 13, wherein, along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the plurality of third via holes overlap with the plurality of light shielding strips, and the plurality of pixel electrodes overlap with the plurality of light shielding strips. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 5 to 14, wherein each shading strip has a bent shape, the shape of the pixel opening includes a hexagon or a circle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlenses in the microlens array on the second substrate includes a circle or an ellipse. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 5 to 14, wherein each shading strip has a straight line shape, the shape of the pixel opening includes a rectangle, and the shape of the orthographic projection of the microlenses in the microlens array on the second substrate includes a circle or an ellipse. According to any one of claims 10 to 14, the liquid crystal display device further comprises a color filter layer, and the color filter layer is located between the microlens array and the liquid crystal layer, or the color filter layer is located between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 17, wherein the color filter layer includes a plurality of color filter groups arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction, each color filter group includes two color filter rows staggered along the second direction, each color filter row includes a first color filter, a second color filter, and a third color filter arranged in sequence along the second direction, and in the same color filter group, the color of the first color filter in the first color filter row is the same as the color of the second color filter in the second color filter row. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal display panel further comprises a connecting layer located between the black matrix and the liquid crystal layer, and a material of the light-transmitting structural layer is the same as a material of the connecting layer. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the refractive index of the microlens is 1.6 to 1.8, and the refractive index of the structure in contact with the microlens array is 1.3 to 1.6. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: Backlight; a liquid crystal display panel located on the light-emitting side of the backlight source, the liquid crystal display panel comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate is located between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight source, and the black matrix is located between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate; The liquid crystal display device further includes a microlens array, which is located on a side of the second substrate away from the black matrix. The microlens array includes a planar surface, and the distance between the planar surface and the black matrix is a placement height, which is 50 to 200 microns. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein the second substrate is in contact with a surface of the microlens array, and the refractive index of the microlens is greater than the refractive index of the second substrate.