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WO2025174227A1 - Procédé mis en œuvre par un équipement, procédé, support de stockage, procédé mis en œuvre par une station de base et station de base - Google Patents

Procédé mis en œuvre par un équipement, procédé, support de stockage, procédé mis en œuvre par une station de base et station de base

Info

Publication number
WO2025174227A1
WO2025174227A1 PCT/KR2025/099422 KR2025099422W WO2025174227A1 WO 2025174227 A1 WO2025174227 A1 WO 2025174227A1 KR 2025099422 W KR2025099422 W KR 2025099422W WO 2025174227 A1 WO2025174227 A1 WO 2025174227A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
paging
time
dynamic
wus
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/KR2025/099422
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
배덕현
최승환
신석민
황승계
이성훈
김선욱
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
LG Electronics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Publication of WO2025174227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025174227A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/02—Arrangements for increasing efficiency of notification or paging channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/28—Discontinuous transmission [DTX]; Discontinuous reception [DRX]

Definitions

  • This specification relates to wireless communication systems.
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine-type communication
  • tablet PCs personal computers
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • RAT legacy radio access technology
  • massive machine type communication which connects multiple devices and objects to provide diverse services anytime, anywhere, is a key issue to be considered in next-generation communications.
  • next-generation wireless access technologies including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), mMTC, and ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC).
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communications
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communication
  • One technical task of this specification is to provide a method and device for reducing UE power consumption.
  • Another technical challenge of this specification is to provide a paging method and device for a UE using a low-power (LP) receiver.
  • LP low-power
  • Another technical challenge of the present specification is to provide a method and device that enables a UE using a low-power receiver to perform paging monitoring quickly after receiving a wake-up signal.
  • a method performed by a device comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations.
  • a computer-readable, non-transitory storage medium is provided, storing at least one program code comprising instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations.
  • the method or the operations include: receiving a wake-up signal (WUS) associated with the device; determining an earliest frame after a predetermined length of time T after a slot in which the wake-up signal is received as a paging frame (hereinafter, referred to as a dynamic paging frame) for the device; determining an earliest paging occasion, within the dynamic paging frame, that has a control channel monitoring occasion after the predetermined length of time T after the slot, as a dynamic paging occasion for the device; And may include performing paging monitoring for paging reception at the dynamic paging time.
  • WUS wake-up signal
  • the method or the operations may include: receiving a setting regarding a paging search space; and determining control channel monitoring times based on the setting.
  • determining the dynamic paging time may include: determining the earliest paging time as the dynamic paging time based on a search space identifier set for the paging search space being 0.
  • determining the dynamic paging time may include: determining the earliest paging time as the dynamic paging time based on the WUS including the identifier of the device.
  • the method or the operations may include: i) transitioning to a sleep state and ii) initiating WUS monitoring based on not receiving a paging message including the identifier of the device after the dynamic paging period.
  • the method or the operations may include: receiving paging-related settings; and, based on the paging-related settings, determining paging frames for the device and a paging time for the device per paging frame.
  • determining the dynamic paging occasion may include: determining the earliest paging occasion as the dynamic paging occasion based on there being no paging occasion for the device within the earliest frame.
  • the method or the operations may be: the WUS may be performed via a first receiver of the device, and the paging monitoring may be performed via a second receiver of the device.
  • the method or the operations include: transmitting a wake-up signal (WUS) associated with a device; determining an earliest frame after a predetermined length of time T after a slot in which the wake-up signal is transmitted as a paging frame for the device; determining an earliest paging occasion, within the dynamic paging frame, that has a control channel monitoring occasion after the predetermined length of time T after the slot, as a dynamic paging occasion for the device; and may include transmitting control information for paging at the dynamic paging time.
  • WUS wake-up signal
  • determining the dynamic paging time may include: determining the earliest paging time as the dynamic paging time based on a search space identifier set for the paging search space being 0.
  • the method or the operations may include: determining that the device i) transitions to a sleep state and ii) initiates WUS monitoring based on a failure to transmit a paging message including the identifier of the device after the dynamic paging period.
  • the method or the operations may include: setting paging-related settings; and, based on the paging-related settings, determining paging frames for the device and a paging time for the device per paging frame.
  • determining the dynamic paging occasion may include: determining the earliest paging occasion as the dynamic paging occasion based on there being no paging occasion for the device within the earliest frame.
  • Some implementations of this specification may reduce signaling overhead by determining paging timing based on a low-power (LP) radio wake-up signal (WUS).
  • LP low-power
  • WUS radio wake-up signal
  • Some implementations of this specification may improve the reliability of LP-WUS transmissions.
  • Some implementations of this specification can reduce power consumption of the UE by minimizing unnecessary UE wake-ups.
  • a UE using a low-power receiver can perform paging monitoring quickly after receiving a wake-up signal.
  • delay/latency occurring during wireless communication between communicating devices can be reduced.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an example of a communication system 1 to which implementations of the present specification are applied;
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating examples of communication devices capable of performing a method according to the present specification
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another example of a wireless device capable of performing implementation(s) of the present specification
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a frame structure available in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) based wireless communication system
  • Figure 5 illustrates a resource grid of slots
  • FIG. 6 illustrates physical channels used in a 3GPP-based communication system, which is an example of a wireless communication system, and a signal transmission/reception process using the channels;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a process for acquiring system information (SI);
  • Figure 8 illustrates a random access process that may be applied to implementation(s) of this specification
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an example of PDSCH time domain resource allocation by PDCCH and an example of PUSCH time domain resource allocation by PDCCH;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a discontinuous reception (DRX) operation that may be applied to implementation(s) of the present specification
  • Figure 11 illustrates paging times according to several scenarios
  • Figures 13 and 14 illustrate POs associated with LP-WUS according to some implementations of the present specification
  • Figure 15 illustrates a flow of UE operations to which some implementations of this specification may be applied
  • Figure 16 illustrates the flow of BS operations to which some implementations of this specification may be applied.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • MC-FDMA multi-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • CDMA can be implemented in wireless technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
  • TDMA can be implemented in wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) (i.e., GERAN).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communication
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
  • OFDMA can be implemented in wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (WiFi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE802-20, and E-UTRA (evolved-UTRA).
  • UTRA is part of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System)
  • 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a part of E-UMTS that uses E-UTRA.
  • 3GPP LTE adopts OFDMA in the downlink (DL) and SC-FDMA in the uplink (UL).
  • LTE-A LTE-advanced
  • LTE-A LTE-advanced
  • 3GPP-based communication systems such as LTE and NR.
  • LTE and NR 3GPP-based communication systems
  • the technical features of this specification are not limited to this.
  • the detailed description below is based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP LTE/NR system, it can also be applied to any other mobile communication system, except for features specific to 3GPP LTE/NR.
  • 3GPP-based standard documents such as 3GPP TS 36.211, 3GPP TS 36.212, 3GPP TS 36.213, 3GPP TS 36.321, 3GPP TS 36.300 and 3GPP TS 36.331, 3GPP TS 37.213, 3GPP TS 38.211, 3GPP TS 38.212, 3GPP TS 38.213, 3GPP TS 38.214, 3GPP TS 38.300, 3GPP TS 38.321, 3GPP TS 38.331, etc.
  • the entity receiving the channel may mean that, under the assumption that the channel was transmitted in a manner consistent with the "assume," the entity receiving the channel receives or decodes the channel in a manner consistent with the "assume.”
  • '/' can mean 'and/or'.
  • UE may be fixed or mobile, and includes various devices that communicate with a BS (base station) to transmit and/or receive user data and/or various control information.
  • UE may be called (Terminal Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), MT (Mobile Terminal), UT (User Terminal), SS (Subscribe Station), wireless device, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), wireless modem, handheld device, etc.
  • BS generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with UE and/or other BS, and exchanges various data and control information with UE and other BS.
  • BS may be called by other terms such as ABS (Advanced Base Station), NB (Node-B), eNB (evolved-NodeB), BTS (Base Transceiver System), Access Point, PS (Processing Server), etc.
  • the BS in UTRAN is called a Node-B
  • the BS in E-UTRAN is called an eNB
  • the BS in a new radio access technology network is called a gNB.
  • BSs are collectively referred to as BSs below, regardless of the type or version of communication technology.
  • a node refers to a fixed point that can transmit/receive radio signals by communicating with a UE.
  • Various types of BSs can be used as nodes regardless of their names.
  • BSs, NBs, eNBs, pico-cell eNBs (PeNBs), home eNBs (HeNBs), relays, and repeaters can be nodes.
  • a node may not be a BS.
  • it can be a radio remote head (RRH) or a radio remote unit (RRU).
  • RRHs, RRUs, etc. generally have a lower power level than the BS.
  • RRH/RRU Since an RRH or RRU (hereinafter referred to as RRH/RRU) is generally connected to a BS via a dedicated line such as an optical cable, cooperative communication between an RRH/RRU and a BS can be performed more smoothly than cooperative communication between BSs that are generally connected via a wireless line.
  • Each node is equipped with at least one antenna.
  • the antenna may be a physical antenna, an antenna port, a virtual antenna, or an antenna group.
  • a node is also called a point.
  • a cell refers to a certain geographical area where one or more nodes provide communication services. Therefore, in this specification, communicating with a specific cell may mean communicating with a BS or node that provides communication services to the specific cell.
  • the downlink/uplink signal of a specific cell refers to a downlink/uplink signal from/to a BS or node that provides communication services to the specific cell.
  • a cell that provides uplink/downlink communication services to a UE is specifically referred to as a serving cell.
  • the channel state/quality of a specific cell refers to the channel state/quality of a channel or communication link formed between a BS or node that provides communication services to the specific cell and the UE.
  • a UE can measure a downlink channel state from a specific node using CRS (Cell-specific Reference Signal) resources transmitted by antenna port(s) of the specific node on CRS resources allocated to the specific node and/or CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal) resources transmitted.
  • CRS Cell-specific Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal
  • 3GPP-based communication systems use the concept of cells to manage radio resources, and cells associated with radio resources are distinguished from cells in geographical areas.
  • a "cell” in a geographical area can be understood as the coverage over which a node can provide a service using a carrier, and a "cell” in a radio resource is associated with a bandwidth (BW), which is a frequency range configured by the carrier. Since downlink coverage, which is the range over which a node can transmit a valid signal, and uplink coverage, which is the range over which a node can receive a valid signal from a UE, depend on the carrier carrying the signal, the coverage of a node is also associated with the coverage of the "cell" of the radio resource used by the node. Therefore, the term "cell” can sometimes be used to mean the coverage of a service provided by a node, sometimes a radio resource, and sometimes the range over which a signal using the radio resource can reach with a valid intensity.
  • BW bandwidth
  • a "cell” associated with radio resources is defined as a combination of downlink resources (DL resources) and uplink resources (UL resources), i.e., a combination of a DL component carrier (CC) and an UL CC.
  • DL resources downlink resources
  • UL resources uplink resources
  • a cell can be configured with DL resources alone or a combination of DL resources and UL resources.
  • the linkage between the carrier frequency of the DL resources (or DL CC) and the carrier frequency of the UL resources (or UL CC) can be indicated by system information.
  • SIB2 System Information Block Type 2
  • a Scell can be established after an RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection is established, and is a cell that provides additional radio resources beyond the resources of a special cell (SpCell).
  • the carrier corresponding to a Pcell in downlink is called a downlink primary CC (DL PCC)
  • the carrier corresponding to a Pcell in uplink is called an UL primary CC (UL PCC)
  • the carrier corresponding to an Scell in downlink is called a DL secondary CC (DL SCC)
  • UL SCC UL secondary CC
  • SpCell For dual connectivity (DC) operation, the term special cell (SpCell) refers to a Pcell of a master cell group (MCG) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of a secondary cell group (SCG).
  • MCG master cell group
  • PSCell primary secondary cell
  • SCG secondary cell group
  • An MCG is a group of serving cells associated with a master node (e.g., BS) and consists of a SpCell (Pcell) and optionally one or more Scells.
  • Pcell SpCell
  • an SCG is a subset of serving cells associated with a secondary node and consists of a primary secondary cell (PSCell) and zero or more Scells.
  • a PSCell is a primary Scell of an SCG.
  • a Pcell PUCCH group (also referred to as a primary PUCCH group) consisting of a Pcell and zero or more Scells and a Scell PUCCH group (also referred to as a secondary PUCCH group) consisting of only Scell(s) may be set.
  • a PUCCH Scell an Scell (hereinafter referred to as a PUCCH Scell) on which a PUCCH associated with the cell is transmitted may be set.
  • An Scell for which a PUCCH Scell is indicated belongs to an Scell PUCCH group (i.e., a secondary PUCCH group), and PUCCH transmission of the relevant UCI is performed on the PUCCH Scell, and an Scell for which a PUCCH Scell is not indicated or which is a Pcell and is indicated as a cell for PUCCH transmission belongs to a Pcell PUCCH group (i.e., a primary PUCCH group), and PUCCH transmission of the relevant UCI is performed on the Pcell.
  • the primary cell may refer to a PSCell of the SCG.
  • the primary cell may refer to a PUCCH Scell of the secondary PUCCH group.
  • a UE receives information from a base station (BS) via the downlink (DL), and the UE transmits information to the base station via the uplink (UL).
  • the information transmitted and/or received by the BS and UE includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type and purpose of the information they transmit and/or receive.
  • 3GPP-based communication standards define downlink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from higher layers, and downlink physical signals corresponding to resource elements that are used by the physical layer but do not carry information originating from higher layers.
  • the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), and physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) are defined as downlink physical channels
  • reference signals and synchronization signals (SS) are defined as downlink physical signals.
  • RS also referred to as a pilot, refers to a signal with a predefined, special waveform that is known to the BS and UE.
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information RS
  • 3GPP-based communication standards define uplink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from higher layers, and uplink physical signals corresponding to resource elements that are used by the physical layer but do not carry information originating from higher layers.
  • the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and the physical random access channel (PRACH) are defined as uplink physical channels, as well as the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for uplink control/data signals and the sounding reference signal (SRS) used for uplink channel measurement.
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control CHannel
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared CHannel
  • PUCCH Physical Uplink Control CHannel
  • PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared CHannel
  • PRACH Physical Random Access CHannel
  • a user equipment transmits/receives a PUCCH/PUSCH/PRACH is used with the same meaning as that uplink control information/uplink data/random access signals are transmitted/received on or through the PUCCH/PUSCH/PRACH, respectively.
  • the expression that BS transmits/receives PBCH/PDCCH/PDSCH is used with the same meaning as transmitting broadcast information/downlink control information/downlink data on or through PBCH/PDCCH/PDSCH, respectively.
  • radio resources e.g., time-frequency resources
  • PUCCH/PUSCH/PDSCH resources are also referred to as PUCCH/PUSCH/PDSCH resources.
  • the communication device Since the communication device receives a synchronization signal block (SSB), DMRS, CSI-RS, PBCH, PDCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH, and/or PUCCH in the form of radio signals on a cell, it cannot selectively receive through an RF receiver only radio signals including only a specific physical channel or only a specific physical signal, or selectively receive through an RF receiver only radio signals excluding only a specific physical channel or only a physical signal. In actual operation, the communication device first receives radio signals on a cell through an RF receiver, converts the radio signals, which are RF band signals, into baseband signals, and decodes a physical signal and/or a physical channel within the baseband signals using one or more processors.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • not receiving a physical signal and/or a physical channel may not actually mean that the communication device does not receive wireless signals containing the physical signal and/or physical channel at all, but rather that it does not attempt to recover the physical signal and/or physical channel from the wireless signals, e.g., does not attempt to decode the physical signal and/or the physical channel.
  • next-generation RATs that take advanced mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication) into account is currently under discussion.
  • 3GPP is currently conducting studies on next-generation mobile communication systems beyond EPC. For convenience, this technology is referred to as new RAT (NR) or 5G RAT, and a system that uses or supports NR is referred to as an NR system.
  • NR new RAT
  • 5G RAT 5G RAT
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a communication system 1 to which implementations of the present specification are applied.
  • the communication system (1) applied to the present specification includes a wireless device, a BS, and a network.
  • the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (e.g., E-UTRA)) and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device.
  • 5G NR New RAT
  • LTE e.g., E-UTRA
  • the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device/server (400).
  • the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc.
  • the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone).
  • UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
  • XR devices include AR (Augmented Reality)/VR (Virtual Reality)/MR (Mixed Reality) devices, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.
  • Mobile devices may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc.
  • Home appliances may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc.
  • IoT devices may include sensors, smart meters, etc.
  • a BS or network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device may act as a BS/network node to other wireless devices.
  • Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a BS (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300).
  • the network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc.
  • the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the BS (200)/network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS/network.
  • vehicles can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle)/V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication).
  • IoT devices e.g., sensors
  • IoT devices can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).
  • Wireless communication/connection (150a, 150b) can be performed between wireless devices (100a ⁇ 100f)/BS (200) - BS (200)/wireless devices (100a ⁇ 100f).
  • the wireless communication/connection can be performed through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) for uplink/downlink communication (150a) and sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication).
  • 5G NR wireless access technologies
  • the wireless device and the BS/wireless device can transmit/receive wireless signals to/from each other.
  • various configuration information setting processes for transmitting/receiving wireless signals various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of this specification.
  • various signal processing processes e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.
  • resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of this specification.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating examples of communication devices capable of performing a method according to the present specification.
  • a first wireless device (100) and a second wireless device (200) can transmit and/or receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR).
  • ⁇ the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200) ⁇ can correspond to ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the BS (200) ⁇ and/or ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x) ⁇ of FIG. 1.
  • a first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and/or one or more antennas (108).
  • the processor (102) controls the memories (104) and/or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement functions, procedures, and/or methods described/suggested below.
  • the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information/signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information/signals via the transceivers (106).
  • the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information/signals via the transceivers (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signals in the memory (104).
  • the memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the procedures and/or methods described/proposed below.
  • the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR).
  • the transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108).
  • the transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
  • the transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit.
  • a wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
  • the second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and/or one or more antennas (208).
  • the processor (202) controls the memories (204) and/or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the functions, procedures, and/or methods described/suggested below.
  • the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information/signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information/signals via the transceivers (206).
  • the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information/signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signals in the memory (204).
  • the memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the procedures and/or methods described/proposed below.
  • the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR).
  • the transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208).
  • the transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
  • the transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit.
  • a wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
  • the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (100, 200) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication.
  • NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names.
  • the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology.
  • LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication).
  • LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and/or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names.
  • the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names.
  • ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small/low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.
  • one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202).
  • one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer).
  • layers e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer).
  • PHY physical
  • MAC medium access control
  • RLC radio link control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • RRC radio resource control
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and/or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and/or methods disclosed in this specification.
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed in this specification.
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed in this specification, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206).
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed in this specification.
  • signals e.g., baseband signals
  • transceivers e.g., baseband signals
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer.
  • One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the functions, procedures, proposals, and/or methods disclosed in this specification may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc.
  • Firmware or software configured to perform the functions, procedures, suggestions and/or methods disclosed in this specification may be included in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202).
  • the functions, procedures, suggestions and/or methods disclosed in this specification may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.
  • One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and/or commands.
  • the one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof.
  • the one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and/or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.
  • One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the methods and/or flowcharts of this specification, to one or more other devices.
  • One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or flowcharts of this specification, from one or more other devices.
  • one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals.
  • one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices.
  • one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and/or receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, or the like, as referred to in the functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this specification, via one or more antennas (108, 208).
  • one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).
  • One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc.
  • One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202).
  • one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and/or a filter.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another example of a wireless device capable of performing implementation(s) of the present specification.
  • the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 2 and may be composed of various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules.
  • the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140).
  • the communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114).
  • the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and/or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 2.
  • the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and/or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 2.
  • the control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device.
  • the control unit (120) may control the electrical/mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program/code/command/information stored in the memory unit (130).
  • control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface in the memory unit (130).
  • the additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device.
  • the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output (I/O) unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit.
  • the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 1, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 1, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 1, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 1, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 1, 100e), an IoT device (Fig.
  • Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use/service.
  • various elements, components, units/parts, and/or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110).
  • the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and a first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110).
  • each element, component, unit/part, and/or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements.
  • the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets.
  • control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc.
  • memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, transitory memory, non-transitory memory, and/or a combination thereof.
  • At least one memory can store instructions or programs that, when executed, cause at least one processor operably connected to the at least one memory to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present specification.
  • a computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium can store at least one instruction or computer program, which when executed by at least one processor causes the at least one processor to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of this specification.
  • a processing device or apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor.
  • the at least one computer memory may store instructions or programs, which, when executed, cause at least one processor operatively connected to the at least one memory to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present specification.
  • a computer program may be stored in at least one computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium and may include program code that, when executed, performs operations according to some implementations of the present specification or causes at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present specification.
  • the computer program may be provided in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product may include at least one computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium.
  • a communications device of the present specification comprises at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations according to the example(s) of the present specification described below.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an example of a frame structure available in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.
  • the structure of the frame in Fig. 4 is merely an example, and the number of subframes, the number of slots, and the number of symbols in the frame can be varied.
  • OFDM numerology e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS)
  • SCS subcarrier spacing
  • TTI transmission time interval
  • the symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or a cyclic prefix - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) symbol), an SC-FDMA symbol (or a discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).
  • OFDM symbol or a cyclic prefix - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) symbol
  • SC-FDMA symbol or a discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol.
  • DFT-s-OFDM discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM
  • uplink and downlink transmissions are organized into frames.
  • Each half-frame consists of five subframes, and the duration of a single subframe, T sf , is 1 ms.
  • the subframes are further divided into slots, and the number of slots within a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing.
  • Each slot consists of 14 or 12 OFDM symbols based on the cyclic prefix. For a normal cyclic prefix (CP), each slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols, and for an extended CP, each slot consists of 12 OFDM symbols.
  • slots are numbered in increasing order within a subframe as n u s ⁇ ⁇ 0, ..., n subframe,u slot - 1 ⁇ and in increasing order within a frame as n u s,f ⁇ ⁇ 0, ..., n frame,u slot - 1 ⁇ .
  • Figure 5 illustrates a resource grid of a slot.
  • a slot contains multiple (e.g., 14 or 12) symbols in the time domain.
  • a resource grid of N size,u grid, x * N RB sc subcarriers and N subframe,u symb OFDM symbols is defined, starting from a common resource block (CRB) N start,u grid indicated by higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control ( RRC ) signaling).
  • RRC radio resource control
  • N size,u grid,x is the number of resource blocks (RBs) in the resource grid
  • the subscript x is DL for downlink and UL for uplink.
  • N RB sc is the number of subcarriers per RB, and in 3GPP-based wireless communication systems , N RB sc is typically 12.
  • N RB sc is typically 12.
  • the carrier bandwidth N size,u grid for the subcarrier spacing configuration u is given to the UE by higher layer parameters (e.g., RRC parameters) from the network.
  • RRC parameters e.g., RRC parameters
  • Each element in the resource grid for antenna port p and subcarrier spacing configuration u is called a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol can be mapped to each RE.
  • RE resource element
  • Each RE in the resource grid is uniquely identified by an index k in the frequency domain and an index l indicating the symbol position relative to a reference point in the time domain.
  • an RB is defined by 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • RBs can be classified into common resource blocks (CRBs) and physical resource blocks (PRBs).
  • CRBs are numbered upwards from 0 in the frequency domain for a subcarrier spacing setting u .
  • the center of subcarrier 0 of CRB 0 for a subcarrier spacing setting u coincides with 'point A', which is a common reference point for resource block grids.
  • PRBs for a subcarrier spacing setting u are defined within a bandwidth part (BWP) and are numbered from 0 to N size,u BWP,i -1, where i is the number of the bandwidth part.
  • BWP bandwidth part
  • a BWP includes a plurality of contiguous RBs in the frequency domain.
  • a BWP is a subset of contiguous CRBs defined for a given numerology u i within a BWP i on a given carrier.
  • a carrier may include at most N (e.g., 5) BWPs.
  • a UE may be configured to have one or more BWPs on a given component carrier. Data communication is performed through the activated BWPs, and only a predetermined number (e.g., 1) of BWPs configured for the UE can be activated on the corresponding carrier.
  • the network For each serving cell in a set of DL BWPs or UL BWPs, the network configures at least an initial DL BWP and one (if the serving configuration is configured with uplink) or two (if supplementary uplink is used) initial UL BWPs. The network may also configure additional UL and DL BWPs for the serving cell.
  • VRBs are defined within a bandwidth part and numbered from 0 to N size,u BWP,i -1, where i is the number of the bandwidth part. VRBs are mapped to physical resource blocks (PRBs) according to interleaved or non-interleaved mapping. In some implementations, for non-interleaved VRB-to-PRB mapping, VRB n may be mapped to PRB n.
  • a UE configured with carrier aggregation may be configured to use one or more cells. If the UE is configured to have multiple serving cells, the UE may be configured to have one or more cell groups. The UE may be configured to have multiple cell groups associated with different BSs. Alternatively, the UE may be configured to have multiple cell groups associated with a single BS. Each cell group of the UE consists of one or more serving cells, and each cell group includes a single PUCCH cell configured with PUCCH resources.
  • the PUCCH cell may be a Pcell or an Scell configured as a PUCCH cell among the Scells of the corresponding cell group. Each serving cell of the UE belongs to one of the cell groups of the UE and does not belong to multiple cell groups.
  • NR frequency bands are defined by two types of frequency ranges, FR1 and FR2, with FR2 also referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).
  • FR1 and FR2 also referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).
  • mmW millimeter wave
  • Figure 6 illustrates physical channels used in a 3GPP-based communication system, which is an example of a wireless communication system, and a signal transmission/reception process using the channels.
  • a UE When a UE is powered on again after being powered off or has been disconnected from a wireless communication system, it first searches for a suitable cell to camp on (search cell) and performs an initial cell search process, such as synchronizing with the cell or the BS of the cell (S11).
  • the UE receives a synchronization signal block (SSB) (also called an SSB/PBCH block) from the BS.
  • the SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH).
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • PBCH physical broadcast channel
  • the UE synchronizes with the BS based on the PSS/SSS and obtains information such as a cell identity (ID).
  • ID cell identity
  • the UE can obtain broadcast information within the cell based on the PBCH.
  • the UE can check the downlink channel status by receiving a downlink reference signal (DL
  • a UE that has completed initial cell search can camp on the cell. After camping on the cell, the UE monitors the PDCCH on the cell and receives the PDSCH based on the downlink control information (DCI) carried by the PDCCH to obtain more specific system information (S12).
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the UE may perform a random access procedure to complete access to the BS (S13 to S16). For example, in the random access procedure, the UE may transmit a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13) and receive a random access response (RAR) to the preamble through a PDCCH and a corresponding PDSCH (S14). If reception of the RAR for the UE fails, the UE may retry transmitting the preamble.
  • a contention resolution procedure (S16) may be performed, including transmission of a PUSCH based on UL resource allocation included in the RAR (S15) and reception of a PDCCH and a corresponding PDSCH.
  • the UE which has performed the procedure described above, can then perform reception of PDCCH/PDSCH (S17) and transmission of PUSCH/PUCCH (S18) as a general uplink/downlink signal transmission process.
  • the control information that the UE transmits to the BS is collectively referred to as uplink control information (UCI).
  • UCI includes HARQ ACK/NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement/Negative-ACK) (also referred to as HARQ-ACK), scheduling request (SR), channel state information (CSI), etc.
  • CSI may include a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), and/or a rank indicator.
  • UCI is generally transmitted through PUCCH, but may be transmitted through PUSCH when control information and traffic data must be transmitted simultaneously. Additionally, based on a request/instruction from the network, the UE can transmit UCI aperiodically via PUSCH.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a process for acquiring system information (SI).
  • SI system information
  • a UE can acquire AS/NAS information through the SI acquisition process.
  • the SI acquisition process can be applied to UEs in the RRC_IDLE state, the RRC_INACTIVE state, and the RRC_CONNECTED state.
  • RRC_CONNECTED is a state in which the UE has established an RRC connection with the network.
  • RRC_IDLE is a state in which the UE is not registered in a specific cell and thus does not receive the access stratum (AS) context or other information received from the network.
  • AS access stratum
  • RRC_INACTIVE is a state in which the UE can move within an area established by the radio access network (RAN, e.g., BS(s)) without notifying the RAN while remaining in CM-CONNECTED, which is a state in which the UE has a signaling connection with the core network for connection management (CM).
  • RAN radio access network
  • CM_CONNECTED is a state in which the UE has a non-access stratum (NAS) signaling connection with the core network
  • CM_IDLE is a state in which the UE does not have any NAS signaling.
  • SI can be divided into a master information block (MIB) and multiple system information blocks (SIBs).
  • MIB and multiple SIBs can be further divided into minimum SI and other SI.
  • minimum SI can be composed of MIB and System Information Block 1 (SIB1), and includes basic information required for initial connection and information for acquiring other SI.
  • SIB1 can be referred to as remaining minimum system information (RMSI).
  • RMSI remaining minimum system information
  • the UE can determine (i) multiple consecutive RBs and one or more consecutive symbols that constitute a CORESET and (ii) PDCCH occasions (i.e., time domain locations for PDCCH reception) based on information in the MIB (e.g., pdcch-ConfigSIB1). If a Type0-PDCCH common search space does not exist, pdcch-ConfigSIB1 provides information about frequency locations where SSB/SIB1 exists and frequency ranges where SSB/SIB1 does not exist.
  • SIB1 is transmitted on the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) with a periodicity of 160 ms and a variable transmission repetition period within 160 ms.
  • the default transmission repetition period of SIB1 is 20 ms, but the actual transmission repetition period may vary depending on the network implementation.
  • SIB1 contains information related to the availability and scheduling (e.g., transmission period, SI window size) of the remaining SIBs (hereinafter, SIBx, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 2).
  • SIBx may indicate whether SIBx is broadcast periodically or provided on-demand upon request of the UE. If SIBx is provided on-demand, SIB1 may contain information necessary for the UE to perform an SI request.
  • SIB1 is a cell-specific SIB.
  • the PDCCH scheduling SIB1 is transmitted through the Type0-PDCCH common search space, and SIB1 is transmitted through the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a random access process that may be applied to implementation(s) of the present specification.
  • Figure 8(a) illustrates a four-step random access process
  • Figure 8(b) illustrates a two-step random access process.
  • the random access procedure can be used for various purposes, such as initial access, uplink synchronization adjustment, resource allocation, handover, reconfiguration of radio links after radio link failure, and position measurement.
  • the random access procedure is classified into a contention-based procedure and a dedicated (i.e., non-contention-based) procedure.
  • the contention-based random access procedure is commonly used, including initial access, while the dedicated random access procedure is used for handovers, when downlink data arrives at the network, and to reestablish uplink synchronization in the case of position measurement.
  • the UE randomly selects a random access (RA) preamble. Therefore, multiple UEs can transmit the same RA preamble simultaneously, necessitating subsequent contention resolution.
  • the dedicated random access procedure the UE uses an RA preamble uniquely assigned to the UE by the BS. Therefore, the UE can perform the random access procedure without collisions with other UEs.
  • the contention-based random access process includes the following four steps.
  • the messages transmitted in steps 1 through 4 may be referred to as Msg1 through Msg4, respectively.
  • Step 1 The UE transmits an RA preamble via PRACH.
  • Step 2 The UE receives a random access response (RAR) from the BS via PDSCH.
  • RAR random access response
  • Step 3 The UE transmits UL data to the BS via PUSCH based on the RAR.
  • the UL data includes layer 2 and/or layer 3 messages.
  • Step 4 The UE receives a contention resolution message from the BS via PDSCH.
  • a UE can receive information about random access from a BS through system information. For example, information about RACH occasions associated with SSBs on a cell can be provided through the system information.
  • the UE can select an SSB among the SSBs received on the cell whose reference signal received power (RSRP) measured based on the SSB exceeds a threshold, and transmit an RA preamble through a PRACH associated with the selected SSB. For example, if random access is required, the UE transmits Msg1 (e.g., preamble) to the BS on the PRACH.
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • the BS can distinguish each random access preamble through the time/frequency resource (hereinafter, RA occasion (RO)) on which the random access preamble was transmitted and the random access preamble index (PI).
  • RA occasion the time/frequency resource
  • PI the random access preamble index
  • the BS transmits an RAR message to the UE on the PDSCH.
  • the UE monitors an L1/L2 control channel (e.g., PDCCH) CRC-masked with a Random Access-RNTI (RA-RNTI), which contains scheduling information for the RAR message, within a preset time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow).
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • RA-RNTI Random Access-RNTI
  • the UE can receive an RAR message from a PDSCH indicated by the scheduling information. Thereafter, the UE determines whether an RAR for itself is included in the RAR message. Whether an RAR for itself exists can be determined by whether a Random Access preamble ID (RAPID) for a preamble transmitted by the UE exists.
  • RAPID Random Access preamble ID
  • the index of the preamble transmitted by the UE and the RAPID may be the same.
  • the RAR includes a corresponding random access preamble index, timing offset information for UL synchronization (e.g., timing advance command (TAC), UL scheduling information for Msg3 transmission (e.g., UL grant), and UE temporary identification information (e.g., Temporary-C-RNTI, TC-RNTI).
  • TAC timing advance command
  • Msg3 transmission
  • UE temporary identification information e.g., Temporary-C-RNTI, TC-RNTI
  • the UE receiving the RAR transmits Msg3 through the PUSCH according to the UL scheduling information and timing offset value in the RAR.
  • Msg3 may include the ID of the UE (or the global ID of the UE).
  • Msg3 may include information related to an RRC connection request for initial access to the network (e.g., an RRCSetupRequest message).
  • Msg4 is a contention resolution message
  • the BS After receiving Msg3, the BS transmits Msg4, which is a contention resolution message, to the UE. If the UE receives the contention resolution message and the contention is successfully resolved, the TC-RNTI is changed to the C-RNTI. Msg4 includes the ID of the UE. And/or RRC connection related information (e.g., RRCSetup message) may be included. If the information transmitted via Msg3 does not match the information received via Msg4, or if Msg4 is not received for a certain period of time, the UE may consider contention resolution to have failed and retransmit Msg3.
  • RRC connection related information e.g., RRCSetup message
  • Step 0 BS allocates RA preamble to UE through dedicated signaling.
  • steps 1 and 2 of the dedicated random access process may be identical to steps 1 and 2 of the contention-based random access process.
  • NR systems may require lower latency than traditional systems. Furthermore, a four-step random access process may be undesirable, especially for latency-sensitive services such as URLLC. A low-latency random access process may be required in various scenarios within NR systems.
  • implementations of this specification may be implemented in conjunction with the following two-step random access process to reduce the latency of the random access process.
  • the two-step random access process may be composed of two steps: transmission of MsgA from a UE to a BS and transmission of MsgB from the BS to the UE.
  • the MsgA transmission may include transmission of an RA preamble via a PRACH and transmission of an UL payload via a PUSCH.
  • the PRACH and PUSCH may be transmitted using time division multiplexing (TDM).
  • TDM time division multiplexing
  • FDM frequency division multiplexing
  • a BS that receives MsgA can transmit MsgB to the UE.
  • MsgB can include an RAR for the UE.
  • An RRC connection request related message (e.g., an RRCSetupRequest message) requesting to establish a connection between the RRC layer of the BS and the RRC layer of the UE may be transmitted in the payload of MsgA.
  • MsgB may be used to transmit RRC connection related information (e.g., an RRCSetup message).
  • the RRC connection request related message (e.g., an RRCSetupRequest message) may be transmitted via a PUSCH transmitted based on a UL grant in MsgB.
  • the RRC connection related information (e.g., an RRCSetup message) related to the RRC connection request may be transmitted via a PDSCH associated with the PUSCH transmission after the PUSCH transmission based on MsgB.
  • the PDCCH carries DCI.
  • the PDCCH i.e., DCI
  • DL-SCH downlink shared channel
  • UL-SCH uplink shared channel
  • PCH paging information for the paging channel
  • system information on the DL-SCH resource allocation information for control messages of a layer (hereinafter, upper layer) located above the physical layer in the protocol stacks of the UE/BS, such as a random access response (RAR) transmitted on the PDSCH, transmission power control commands, activation/release of configured scheduling (CS), etc.
  • RAR random access response
  • CS configured scheduling
  • the DCI that includes resource allocation information for the DL-SCH is also called PDSCH scheduling DCI, and the DCI that includes resource allocation information for the UL-SCH is also called PUSCH scheduling DCI.
  • the DCI includes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), and the CRC is masked/scrambled with various identifiers (e.g., radio network temporary identifier (RNTI)) depending on the owner or intended use of the PDCCH. For example, if the PDCCH is for a specific UE, the CRC is masked with the UE identifier (e.g., cell RNTI (C-RNTI)).
  • C-RNTI cell RNTI
  • the CRC is masked with the paging RNTI (P-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for system information (e.g., system information block (SIB)), the CRC is masked with the system information RNTI (SI-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for a random access response, the CRC is masked with the random access RNTI (RA-RATI).
  • SIB system information block
  • RA-RATI random access RNTI
  • cross-carrier scheduling When a PDCCH on one serving cell schedules a PDSCH or PUSCH on another serving cell, this is called cross-carrier scheduling.
  • Cross-carrier scheduling using the carrier indicator field (CIF) can allow the PDCCH of a serving cell to schedule resources on another serving cell.
  • CIF carrier indicator field
  • a PDSCH on a serving cell schedules a PDSCH or PUSCH on the serving cell
  • this is called self-carrier scheduling.
  • the BS can provide the UE with information about the cell that schedules the cell.
  • the BS can provide the UE with information about whether the serving cell is scheduled by a PDCCH on another (scheduling) cell or by the serving cell, and if the serving cell is scheduled by another (scheduling) cell, which cell signals downlink assignments and uplink grants for the serving cell.
  • a cell that carries a PDCCH is called a scheduling cell
  • a cell in which transmission of a PUSCH or PDSCH is scheduled by DCI included in the PDCCH i.e., a cell that carries a PUSCH or PDSCH scheduled by the PDCCH, is called a scheduled cell.
  • the PDSCH is a physical layer DL channel for DL data transport.
  • PDSCH carries downlink data (e.g., DL-SCH transport blocks) and employs modulation methods such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), 64 QAM, and 256 QAM.
  • Transport blocks (TBs) are encoded to generate codewords.
  • a PDSCH can carry up to two codewords. Scrambling and modulation mapping are performed for each codeword, and the modulation symbols generated from each codeword can be mapped to one or more layers. Each layer is mapped to radio resources along with the DMRS, generating an OFDM symbol signal and transmitting it through the corresponding antenna port.
  • Figure 9 illustrates an example of PDSCH time domain resource allocation by PDCCH and an example of PUSCH time domain resource allocation by PDCCH.
  • the DCI carried by the PDCCH for scheduling the PDSCH or PUSCH includes a time domain resource assignment (TDRA) field, which provides a value m for a row index m +1 into an allocation table for the PDSCH or PUSCH.
  • TDRA time domain resource assignment
  • a predefined default PDSCH time domain allocation is applied as the allocation table for the PDSCH, or a PDSCH time domain resource allocation table configured by the BS through RRC signaling pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied as the allocation table for the PDSCH.
  • a predefined default PUSCH time domain allocation is applied as the allocation table for the PUSCH, or a PUSCH time domain resource allocation table configured by the BS through RRC signaling pusch-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied as the allocation table for the PUSCH.
  • the PDSCH time domain resource allocation table to be applied and/or the PUSCH time domain resource allocation table to be applied may be determined according to fixed/predefined rules (e.g., see 3GPP TS 38.214).
  • each indexed row defines a DL allocation-to-PDSCH slot offset K 0 , a start and length indicator value SLIV (or directly a starting position of a PDSCH within a slot (e.g., a starting symbol index S ) and an allocation length (e.g., a number of symbols L )), and a PDSCH mapping type.
  • each indexed row defines a UL grant-to-PUSCH slot offset K 2 , a starting position of a PUSCH within a slot (e.g., a starting symbol index S ) and an allocation length (e.g., a number of symbols L ), and a PUSCH mapping type.
  • K 0 for a PDSCH or K 2 for a PUSCH indicates a difference between a slot with a PDCCH and a slot with a PDSCH or a PUSCH corresponding to the PDCCH.
  • SLIV is a joint indication of a start symbol S relative to the start of a slot with PDSCH or PUSCH and the number L of consecutive symbols counted from the symbol S.
  • mapping type A there are two mapping types: one is mapping type A and the other is mapping type B.
  • a demodulation reference signal For PDSCH/PUSCH mapping type A, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is mapped to PDSCH/PUSCH resources based on the start of a slot, and one or two symbols of the PDSCH/PUSCH resources can be used as DMRS symbol(s) depending on other DMRS parameters.
  • the DMRS is located in the third symbol (symbol #2) or the fourth symbol (symbol #3) in a slot depending on RRC signaling.
  • the DMRS is mapped based on the first OFDM symbol of the PDSCH/PUSCH resources, and one or two symbols from the first symbol of the PDSCH/PUSCH resources can be used as DMRS symbol(s) depending on other DMRS parameters.
  • the DMRS is located in the first symbol allocated for the PDSCH/PUSCH.
  • the PDSCH/PUSCH mapping type may be referred to as a mapping type or a DMRS mapping type.
  • PUSCH mapping type A may be referred to as mapping type A or DMRS mapping type A
  • PUSCH mapping type B may be referred to as mapping type B or DMRS mapping type B.
  • the above scheduling DCI includes a frequency domain resource assignment (FDRA) field that provides allocation information regarding resource blocks used for PDSCH or PUSCH.
  • FDRA frequency domain resource assignment
  • the FDRA field provides the UE with information regarding the cell for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission, information regarding the BWP for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission, and information regarding resource blocks for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission.
  • a control resource set which is a set of time-frequency resources for which a UE can monitor PDCCH, may be defined and/or configured.
  • One or more CORESETs may be configured for a UE.
  • a CORESET consists of a set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) with a duration of one to three OFDM symbols.
  • the PRBs constituting the CORESET and the CORESET duration may be provided to the UE via higher layer (e.g., RRC) signaling.
  • RRC resource control resource set
  • a set of PDCCH candidates is monitored according to the corresponding search space sets. In this specification, monitoring implies decoding (aka blind decoding) each PDCCH candidate according to the monitored DCI formats.
  • the master information block (MIB) on the PBCH provides the UE with parameters (e.g., CORESET#0 configuration) for monitoring the PDCCH for scheduling the PDSCH carrying the system information block 1 (SIB1).
  • the PBCH may also indicate that there is no associated SIB1, in which case the UE may be instructed on other frequencies to search for the SSB associated with SIB1, as well as a frequency range in which it can assume that there is no SSB associated with SSB1.
  • At least CORESET#0, which is the CORESET for scheduling SIB1 may be configured via the MIB or dedicated RRC signaling.
  • the set of PDCCH candidates monitored by the UE is defined in terms of PDCCH search space sets.
  • the search space set may be a common search space (CSS) set or a UE-specific search space (USS) set.
  • Each CORESET configuration is associated with one or more search space sets, and each search space set is associated with one CORESET configuration.
  • a set of PDCCH candidates may be monitored in one or more CORESETs on an active DL BWP on each activated serving cell for which PDCCH monitoring is configured, where monitoring implies receiving each PDCCH candidate and decoding it according to the monitored DCI formats.
  • the following table illustrates the PDCCH search space.
  • SS sets can be configured via system information (e.g., MIB) or UE-specific higher layer (e.g., RRC) signaling.
  • Each DL BWP of a serving cell can have up to S (e.g., 10) SS sets configured. For example, the following parameters/information can be provided for each SS set.
  • Each SS set is associated with one CORESET, and each CORESET configuration can be associated with one or more SS sets.
  • - searchSpaceId Indicates the ID of the SS set.
  • controlResourceSetId Indicates the CORESET associated with the SS set.
  • - monitoringSlotPeriodicityAndOffset Indicates the PDCCH monitoring period period (in slot units) and the PDCCH monitoring period offset (in slot units).
  • - monitoringSymbolsWithinSlot Indicates the first OFDMA symbol(s) for PDCCH monitoring within the slot where PDCCH monitoring is configured. It is indicated through a bitmap, and each bit corresponds to each OFDMA symbol within the slot. The MSB of the bitmap corresponds to the first OFDM symbol within the slot. The OFDMA symbol(s) corresponding to the bit(s) with a bit value of 1 corresponds to the first symbol(s) of the CORESET within the slot.
  • - searchSpaceType Indicates whether the SS type is CSS or USS.
  • - DCI format Indicates the DCI format of the PDCCH candidate.
  • the UE can monitor PDCCH candidates in one or more SS sets within a slot.
  • the occasions e.g., time/frequency resources
  • PDCCH (monitoring) occasions are defined as PDCCH (monitoring) occasions.
  • PDCCH (monitoring) occasions can be configured within a slot.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a discontinuous reception (DRX) operation.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a DRX cycle for a UE in RRC_CONNECTED state.
  • a UE may perform DRX operation while performing a process and/or method according to the implementation(s) of this specification.
  • DRX configuration/operation is specified in the NR (e.g., Rel-17) standard.
  • the features of DRX utilized for the purpose of reducing unnecessary power consumption of the UE are as follows.
  • DRX defines a structure for a UE in an RRC_IDLE state (hereinafter referred to as I-DRX) and a structure for a UE in an RRC_CONNECTED state (hereinafter referred to as C-DRX), and both DRX structures are designed to reduce unnecessary power consumption in other periods by defining a period (e.g., an active time period or an on-duration period) in which the UE can expect to receive a DL signal to occur periodically.
  • a period e.g., an active time period or an on-duration period
  • a DRX cycle consists of an On Duration and an Opportunity for DRX.
  • the DRX cycle defines a time interval during which the On Duration is periodically repeated.
  • the On Duration represents a time period during which the UE performs PDCCH monitoring to receive the PDCCH.
  • the UE performs PDCCH monitoring during the On Duration. If a PDCCH is successfully detected during PDCCH monitoring, the UE starts an inactivity timer and remains awake. On the other hand, if a PDCCH is not successfully detected during PDCCH monitoring, the UE enters a sleep state after the On Duration ends.
  • the UE may perform PDCCH monitoring/reception discontinuously in the time domain when performing a process and/or method according to the implementation(s) of this specification.
  • the PDCCH reception occasion e.g., slot having PDCCH search space
  • the UE may perform PDCCH monitoring/reception continuously in the time domain.
  • the PDCCH reception occasion e.g., slot having PDCCH search space
  • PDCCH monitoring may be restricted in the time period configured as the measurement gap.
  • DRX configuration information is received via upper layer (e.g., RRC) signaling, and whether DRX is turned on/off is controlled by the DRX command of the MAC layer.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the UE may perform PDCCH monitoring discontinuously, as illustrated in FIG. 10.
  • DRX configuration information is received via upper layer (e.g., RRC) signaling, and DRX ON/OFF is controlled by the DRX command of the MAC layer.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • MAC-CellGroupConfig contains configuration information required to set MAC parameters for a cell group.
  • MAC-CellGroupConfig may also contain configuration information related to DRX.
  • MAC-CellGroupConfig may contain DRX-related information as follows.
  • drx-SlotOffset Sets the delay before starting drx-onDurationTimer.
  • drx-InactivityTimer Sets the period after which a PDCCH epoch indicates a new UL or DL transmission for the MAC entity.
  • drxRetransmissionTimerDL (per DL HARQ process except for the broadcast process): Sets the maximum duration until a DL retransmission is received.
  • drxRetransmissionTimerUL (per UL HARQ process): Sets the maximum duration until a grant for UL retransmission is received.
  • drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL (per UL HARQ process): Sets the maximum period from when a grant for UL initial transmission is received until a grant for UL retransmission is received.
  • - drx-LongCycleStartOffset Sets the Long DRX cycle and drx-StartOffset, which defines the subframe where the Long and Short DRX cycles start.
  • - drx-ShortCycleTimer (optional): Sets the duration for which the UE should follow the Short DRX cycle. For example, a value in multiples of the Short DRX cycle can be set by drx-CylceTimer. For example, the value of n can correspond to n*drx-ShortCycle.
  • the UE may perform PDCCH monitoring on serving cells within a DRX group when the DRX group is within its active time.
  • the DRX group is a group of serving cells configured by RRC and having the same DRX active time.
  • the active time for serving cells within the DRX group is when i) drx-onDurationTimer or drx-InactivityTimer configured for the DRX group is running; or ii) drx-RetransmissionTimerDL or drx-RetransmissionTimerUL is running on any serving cell within the DRX group; or ra-ContentionResoultionTimer or msgB-RsponseWindow is running;
  • the PDCCH indicating a new transmission addressed to the C-RNTI addressed to the MAC entity of the UE may include a time during which a random access response to a random access preamble not selected by the MAC entity among the contention-based random access preambles is not received
  • Figure 11 illustrates paging times according to several scenarios.
  • Figure 11 illustrates paging times according to the current NR standard.
  • the UE If the UE has no ongoing data transmissions/receptions, the UE enters RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE to save power.
  • the network sends a paging message (e.g., paging DCI) at a paging occasion (PO) to trigger an RRC setup procedure, an RRC connection resume procedure, etc.
  • a PO is a set of PDCCH monitoring occasions and may consist of multiple time slots (e.g., subframes or OFDM symbols), and a DCI with a CRC scrambled with a P-RNTI may be transmitted at the PO.
  • PO is a set of 'S*X' consecutive PDCCH monitoring occasions, where 'S' is the number of actual transmitted SSBs as determined by the parameter ssb-PositionsInBurst in SIB1, and 'X' is nrofPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionPerSSB-InPO if set and equal to 1 otherwise.
  • the parameter ssb-PositionsInBurst indicates the time domain indications of SSBs transmitted within a half frame with SS/PBCH blocks
  • the parameter nrofPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionPerSSB-InPO indicates the number of PDCCH monitoring occasions corresponding to SSBs within a paging occasion.
  • DCI format 1_0 DCI format 1_0
  • CRC scrambled with P-RNTI the following information may be transmitted, for example:
  • bit 1 is the most significant bit (MSB).
  • TRS Tracking reference signal
  • a PDCCH carrying a DCI format having a CRC scrambled with a P-RNTI is referred to as a paging PDCCH
  • a PDSCH scheduled by the paging PDCCH is referred to as a paging PDSCH.
  • a UE can decode the paging PDSCH based on scheduling information (e.g., frequency domain resource allocation, modulation and coding scheme, etc.) in the paging PDCCH.
  • the paging PDSCH carries paging messages, which are used to notify one or more UEs and may include one or more UE identifiers (IDs).
  • IDs UE identifiers
  • the UE assumes that the same paging message is repeated across all transmitted beams.
  • the paging message is the same for both radio access network (RAN)-initiated paging and core network (CN)-initiated paging.
  • RAN radio access network
  • CN core network
  • the UE In each DRX cycle, the UE remains in sleep mode during the OFF period, but is expected to wake up during paging occasions to monitor PDCCH for paging.
  • the UE monitors one PO per DRX cycle.
  • Paging DRX also called idle mode DRX
  • the UE In each idle mode DRX (IDRX) cycle, the UE monitors only one PO within a specific PF.
  • IDRX idle mode DRX
  • the UE decodes the PDSCH to receive a paging message. If the paging is not for the UE, the UE falls back to sleep until the next PO.
  • Figure 11 illustrates paging frames and paging occasions that can be monitored by a UE with a specific UE identifier.
  • a paging frame is a radio frame and may contain one or more POs or the starting point of a PO.
  • the PF and PO for paging can be determined by predefined formulas.
  • a parameter Ns relating to the number of paging occasions per paging frame, a parameter nAndPagingFrameOffset used to derive the total number of paging frames in T, a parameter nrofPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionsPerSSB-InPO relating to the number of PDCCH monitoring occasions corresponding to SSBs in a paging occasion, and a length of a default DRX cycle may be signaled by SIB1, and the values of N and PF_offset are derived from the parameter nAndPagingFrameOffset.
  • the PDCCH monitoring occasions for paging may be determined based on the parameter firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO indicating the first PDCCH monitoring occasion for paging of each PO of the PF, and the parameter nrofPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionsPerSSB-InPO.
  • the above parameter firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO may be signaled by SIB1 for paging in the initial downlink BWP, and may be signaled with the corresponding BWP setting for paging in a DL BWP other than the initial downlink BWP.
  • a UE may use Paging Early Indication (PEI) in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE states.
  • PEI informs the UE whether it will receive the next PO, and the UE may be notified whether it should monitor the PO ahead of its own PO.
  • PEI configuration is provided in the system information
  • a UE in RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state that supports PEI may monitor PEI using the PEI parameters in the system information.
  • the UE monitors one PEI per DRX cycle.
  • a PEI occasion (PEI-O) is a set of PDCCH monitoring occasions and may consist of multiple time slots (e.g., subframes or OFDM symbols) in which a PEI can be sent.
  • the time position of a PEI-O with respect to a PO of a UE is determined by a reference point and an offset, wherein the reference point is the beginning of a reference frame determined by a frame-level offset from the beginning of a first PF among PF(s) associated with the PEI-O, provided by pei-FrameOffset in SIB1, and the offset is a symbol-level offset from the reference point to the beginning of a first PDCCH monitoring occasion of this PEI-O, provided by firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPEI-O in SIB1.
  • a PEI-O is associated with POs of two PFs
  • the two PFs are consecutive PFs computed by the parameters PF_offset, T, Ns, and N.
  • a PEI e.g., a DCI having a CRC scrambled with PEI-RNTI
  • the UE monitors the associated PO. If the UE does not detect a PEI during the monitored PEI period or if the PEI does not indicate a subgroup to which the UE belongs, the UE is not required to monitor the associated PO.
  • PEI and subgrouping are established, UEs monitoring the same PO can be divided into one or more subgroups.
  • the UE can monitor the associated PO if the corresponding bit for the subgroup to which the UE belongs is set to 1 by the PEI corresponding to its PO.
  • PEI refers to 3GPP TS 38.304 and 3GPP TS 38.213.
  • the following paging DRX cycles can be configured by the network: i) for CN-initiated paging, a default cycle is broadcast as system information, ii) for CN-initiated paging, a UE-specific cycle can be configured via non-access stratum (NAS) signaling, and iii) for radio access network (RAN)-initiated paging, a UE-specific cycle can be configured via RRC signaling.
  • the UE uses the shortest of the applicable DRX cycles. For example, a UE in RRC_IDLE can use the shorter of the first two DRX cycles among the three DRX cycles, and a UE in RRC_INACTIVE can use the shortest of the three DRX cycles.
  • Power consumption depends on the length of wake-up periods (e.g., paging cycles). To meet battery life requirements, long eDRX cycles are expected to be used, resulting in high latency, making them unsuitable for services that require both long battery life and low latency. Because long eDRX cycles cannot meet latency requirements, eDRX may not be suitable for latency-critical use cases.
  • wake-up periods e.g., paging cycles.
  • LP-WUS low-power wake-up signal
  • LP-WUR low-power wake-up receiver
  • a UE in RRC_IDLE/RRC_INACTIVE state typically needs to wake up at least once per DRX cycle to receive signals, which accounts for a significant portion of power consumption during periods without signaling or data traffic. If the UE can receive signals (e.g., perform paging reception) for longer periods (e.g., every Nth DRX cycle rather than every DRX cycle), power consumption can be drastically reduced. This can be supported by having the LP-WUR perform some of the signal reception operations that the main radio (MR) would otherwise perform, and operate with ultra-low power consumption.
  • the MR can be used for data transmission and reception, and can be set to a deep sleep mode where it is turned off or in deep sleep unless turned on. The following terms may be used in this specification:
  • Main radio A transmit/receive module that operates for signals/channels other than those associated with low-power wake-up.
  • LR LP-WUR
  • RRC IDLE/INACTIVE mode significant UE power saving gains (up to 90% or more) can be obtained by using LP-WUS/WUR to trigger UE MR paging monitoring compared to conventional I-DRX operation (with and without PEI) when sufficient relaxation is applied to MR radio resource management (RRM) measurements. Furthermore, compared to conventional eDRX operation, a significant reduction in paging latency and an acceptable level of UE power saving are observed when LP-WUS monitoring and the corresponding paging monitoring after MR wake-up are not constrained within the conventional paging time window (PTW) of eDRX.
  • PGW paging time window
  • This specification describes several implementations of this specification related to a UE receiving an LP-WUS, receiving a paging PDCCH from a BS, and receiving the corresponding paging PDSCH.
  • the conventional paging DCI reception and paging PDSCH reception process may be required even when the UE accesses the network via LP-WUS.
  • the UE wakes up via LP-WUS there may be a delay while waiting for the PF and PO assigned to it.
  • eDRX extended DRX
  • a method is needed to enable the UE to quickly receive the PO after waking up due to LP-WUS reception.
  • implementations of this specification are described that enable the UE to receive the PO without a separate waiting time or a long waiting time after receiving the LP-WUS.
  • some implementations of this specification are described that allow a UE to receive a PDCCH from a BS in any slot or system frame after receiving an LP-WUS indicating its identifier or the identifier of a UE group to which the UE belongs.
  • the timing of reception of LP-WUS by UE may be separately described in some implementations of this specification described below, or may be determined based on system information sent by BS. For example, if LP-WUS can be received as 1-bit information in one unit (e.g., 1-slot or 1-symbol) through on-off keying, the offset and periodicity on the system frame can be simply set, and if decoded information is received through multiple on-off keying for reliability, or information containing two or more bits is received, the time period during which UE receives LP-WUS and the UE ID for LP-WUR for verification after LP-WUS reception can be determined similarly to PEI. For example, the UE_ID used for conventional paging reception can be reused.
  • the UE derives the reception location of the LP-WUS through the UE_ID given to the UE for LP-WUS reception.
  • the LP-WUS is repeated in a short period, and the BS may provide the UE with a parameter regarding the number of LP-WUS subgroups, N_LP-WUSsubgroup.
  • N_LP-WUSsubgroup This means the number of LP-WUS monitoring occasions (MOs) required for one UE subgroup, and in other words, the LP-WUS for one UE subgroup may be repeated for each LP-WUS MO.
  • the UE may identify the LP-WUS MO to be monitored among the N_LP-WUSsubgroup MOs through the UE_ID given to the UE.
  • K-bit information e.g., K>2
  • the LP-WUS reception may also be identified through the UE_ID.
  • Figure 12 illustrates an example of LP-WUS transmission according to some implementations of this specification.
  • an LP-WUS occasion may be a concept that includes one or more LP-WUS monitoring occasions (MOs).
  • one LP-WUS MO may be replaced by one LO, or a LP-WUS MO group consisting of one or more LP-WUS MOs may be replaced by an LP-WUS occasion.
  • This may be useful for associating each LP-WUS MO in an LO with a beam or reference signal given by the BS or predefined, and for allowing the UE to select and receive the best LP-WUS MO from the reference signal by having the BS always transmit the same information in the LP-WUS MO in the LO, or for improving reception performance by combining the signals received in each LP-WUS MO.
  • the number of LP-WUS MOs in an LO may be directly configured through a message such as a SIB from the BS, or may be derived from the number of transmissions per periodicity of a reference signal, etc., that may be associated with each LP-WUS MO.
  • the UE may assume that each LP-WUS MO is a separate transmission.
  • the UE may assume that the same information is provided across LP-WUS MOs within the LO.
  • the LO may consider the following:
  • a UE may perform monitoring on all MOs within the LO or on only specific MOs.
  • the number of LP-WUS MOs within an LO may differ from the number of associated beams or reference signals. This may take into account the capacity of the LP-WUS MO. In this case, the UE may consider the following:
  • the UE may assume that the n-th LP-WUS MO is associated with the ((n-1) mod Y + 1)-th beam or transmitted reference signal.
  • the first LP-WUS MO may be associated with the "SFN mod Y"-th beam or reference signal, where SFN is the system frame number of the frame containing the LP-WUS MO, and ii) the other n-th LP-WUS MO may be associated with the ((m+n-1) mod Y + 1)-th beam or reference signal, if the first LP-WUS MO is associated with the m-th beam or reference signal.
  • Figures 13 and 14 illustrate POs related to LP-WUS according to some implementations of the present specification.
  • Figures 13 and 14 illustrate an example in which the time length of a (conventional) paging occasion is one slot.
  • the time length of a (conventional) paging occasion is not limited to one slot, and as described with reference to Figure 11, a (conventional) paging occasion is a set of PDCCH monitoring occasions and may consist of multiple time slots.
  • a UE may receive any PDCCH monitoring occasion (MO) as a paging occasion (PO) after a certain period of time T after receiving an LP-WUS in which its own identifier or the identifier of a UE group that the UE is included in is indicated.
  • the certain period of time T mentioned above may be a time in consideration of the MR transition time in the LR of the UE, and/or the wake-up delay in the sleep state, and may be a value given through a SIB, a value included in the LP-WUS message (or the preamble of the LP-WUS, or a separately configured/transmitted LP synchronization signal (LP-SS)), or a predefined value.
  • dynamic PO dynamic PO
  • DPO dynamic paging time
  • the UE receives the nearest PO after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS, regardless of the UE ID. To do this, the following process can be performed.
  • the UE may assume that the system frame and/or the next frame including a point in time after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS is a paging frame.
  • the UE may assume and receive a paging occasion having a first monitoring occasion from a point in time after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS (e.g., the earliest PO having a PDCCH MO after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS) as the paging occasion associated with the LP-WUS.
  • a paging occasion having a first monitoring occasion from a point in time after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS (e.g., the earliest PO having a PDCCH MO after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS) as the paging occasion associated with the LP-WUS.
  • a paging occasion having a first monitoring occasion from a point in time after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS (e.g., the
  • UE #1 which has received LP-WUS A for itself, may assume that a frame and/or the next frame containing a point in time after a certain period of time T after reception of LP-WUS A is a paging frame for itself, regardless of whether the frame(s) are actually paging frames for itself, and may perform PDCCH monitoring for paging reception in a PO having a first PDCCH MO after a certain period of time T after reception of LP-WUS A, regardless of whether the PO(s) in the frame are actually PO(s) for itself.
  • UE #1 since the PO connected to LP-WUS B by an arrow belongs to a frame that is not a PF for UE #1, according to conventional paging, UE #1 does not attempt to receive paging from the PO connected to LP-WUS B by an arrow, but according to Alt-1, UE #1 regards the PO connected to LP-WUS B by an arrow as a DPO, and can perform PDCCH monitoring for paging reception from the DPO.
  • the UE can assume that there is always a paging time in the slot after a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS.
  • UE#1 which has received LP-WUS C, can assume that slot n is a paging time when UE#1 wakes up and attempts to receive paging, regardless of whether the frame containing slot n after a certain time T is a paging frame for UE#1 and regardless of whether slot n is a paging time for UE#1.
  • the UE and the BS may use the conventionally configured paging search space, or (if the LP-WUS-related paging search space is configured separately from the conventional paging search space) a separate LP-WUS-related paging search space configured for paging reception via LP-WUS.
  • the UE and the BS may ignore monitoringSlotPeriodicityAndOffset and assume that the PDCCH always occurs in the corresponding slot.
  • DPO may mean only the first PDCCH MO assumed to occur within a slot, or may mean all PDCCH MOs assumed to originate within that slot.
  • these dynamic paging timing related actions may be applied or configured only when a paging DRX cycle with a length L greater than or equal to a predetermined length is configured.
  • the length L of the paging DRX cycle may be a value given via SIB, a value included in the LP-WUS message (or the preamble of the LP-WUS, or a separately configured/transmitted LP-SS), or a predefined value.
  • the UE may transition back to a sleep state (e.g., ultra-deep-sleep state in MR) and attempt to receive LP-WUS while in the sleep state.
  • a sleep state e.g., ultra-deep-sleep state in MR
  • this dynamic paging occasion may be used only if the LP-WUS MO includes the identifier of the corresponding UE or the UE group identifier of the corresponding UE.
  • the UE may attempt to receive (or detect) a paging DCI at the dynamic paging occasion only if it receives an LP-WUS including the identifier of the corresponding UE or the UE group identifier of the corresponding UE in the LP-WUS MO, and otherwise may ignore the dynamic paging occasion and not detect the paging DCI.
  • multiple DPOs may be associated with a single LP-WUS.
  • N s POs may be assumed within the paging frame based on the configured parameter firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO .
  • a PO index may be included in the LP-WUS payload to indicate which of the N s POs the UE or the corresponding UE group should receive, or the UE may attempt to receive a PO having an index equal to (UE_ID mod N s ) after receiving the LP-WUS, taking into account its UE_ID.
  • the UE identifier may be the 5G-S temporary mobile subscriber identity (5G-S-TMSI) of the UE_ID UE or a simplified value based on the UE_ID.
  • 5G-S-TMSI mod Z may be used as the UE_ID, and Z may be a predefined value (e.g., 1024) depending on whether DRX or eDRX is configured.
  • the occurrence of such a dynamic paging event may be limited to the case where the UE receives an LP-WUS and there is no PO corresponding to the LP-WUS.
  • the UE may determine whether there is a PO configured to be received by the UE during a time interval T window starting from a certain time T after receiving the LP-WUS.
  • T window may be a predefined value, or a value given to the UE via SIB or other higher layer signaling.
  • the identifier of the UE or the UE group identifier included in the LP-WUS may be set differently when there is a PO corresponding to the LP-WUS and when there is one.
  • the identifier of the UE or the UE group identifier included in the LP-WUS may be a UE identifier or a UE group identifier of which a UE group configured to receive the PO is a mother group, and may indicate the location of one of the UE identifiers or the UE group identifiers within the (mother) group configured to receive the PO.
  • a set of UEs with the same UE_ID mod N and the same floor ⁇ (UE_ID/N) mod Ns ⁇ may be defined as a UE set that will monitor the same PO, and all UEs may be divided into N*Ns UE sets, and each UE set may be associated with at least one PO. If there is a PO corresponding to an LP-WUS transmission, one UE set among N*Ns UE sets corresponds/maps to the PO, and the LP-WUS transmission can indicate the location of a UE identifier or a UE (sub-)group identifier within the corresponding/mapped UE set.
  • the identifier of a UE or a UE group identifier included in the LP-WUS is a UE identifier or a UE group identifier that has all UE group(s) configured to receive the LP-WUS as a mother group, and can indicate the location of a UE identifier or a UE group identifier within the (mother) group configured to receive the LP-WUS.
  • the UE set that receives the LP-WUS together can become one UE set.
  • the LP-WUS transmission may indicate the position of a UE identifier or a UE (sub-)group identifier within the UE set.
  • a UE When a UE attempts to receive (e.g., monitor) a paging DCI within a DPO via Method #1, some UEs may wake up earlier, depending on the UE implementation. Meanwhile, since the BS cannot know in advance whether the UE supports LP-WUS or not, it is necessary to consider both cases: when the UE monitors the DPO via LP-WUS and when it monitors the traditional PO. Therefore, for the UE to monitor the traditional PO in addition to the DPO without consuming additional power, it may be beneficial for faster paging reception and network access. For this purpose, the following may be considered:
  • the UE may attempt to receive a paging DCI at a conventional paging time determined via the method described with reference to FIG. 11, which exists between the LP-WUS reception time and the DPO. If the UE does not receive a paging message including the UE identifier after receiving the paging DCI on the determined DPO, it may transition back to a sleep state (e.g., an ultra-deep-sleep state of MR) and attempt to receive an LP-WUS while in the sleep state.
  • a sleep state e.g., an ultra-deep-sleep state of MR
  • the UE may attempt to receive up to N conventional paging occasions (e.g., perform paging monitoring on up to N conventional paging occasions) determined via the method described with reference to FIG. 11 after the DPO, where N may be determined via higher layer signaling (e.g., SIB) or may be a predefined value.
  • N may be determined via higher layer signaling (e.g., SIB) or may be a predefined value.
  • the UE may transition back to a sleep state (e.g., a deep sleep state of MR) and attempt to receive LP-WUS while in the sleep state.
  • a sleep state e.g., a deep sleep state of MR
  • the UE may attempt to receive up to N conventional paging occasions and dynamic paging occasions (DPOs) determined via the method described with reference to FIG. 11 after receiving an LP-WUS (e.g., perform paging monitoring on up to N paging occasions, including DPOs and/or conventional paging occasions, if any), where N may be determined via higher layer signaling (e.g., SIB), a value given via an SIB, a value included in the LP-WUS message (or the preamble of the LP-WUS, or a separately configured/transmitted LP-SS), or a predefined value.
  • SIB higher layer signaling
  • the UE may attempt to receive only conventional paging occasions N times (e.g., perform paging monitoring on N conventional paging occasions) without receiving a DPO.
  • a UE that has received N paging occasions (e.g., a UE that has performed paging monitoring in N paging occasions) may transition back to a sleep state (e.g., a deep sleep state of MR) and attempt to receive LP-WUS in the sleep state if it has not received a paging message containing a UE identifier in the paging occasion.
  • a sleep state e.g., a deep sleep state of MR
  • the UE behavior may be ambiguous. In this case, the following may be considered for clear UE behavior, and the UE may be limited to a UE capable of receiving LP-WUS.
  • the UE may give priority to receiving the conventional paging occasion and assume that the dynamic paging occasion has already been received.
  • the reception result of the conventional paging occasion may be regarded as the reception result of the dynamic paging occasion.
  • a paging DCI is attempted to be received in a conventional paging occasion that overlaps in time with a dynamic paging occasion, even if the paging DCI is not detected in the dynamic paging occasion, if a paging message including a UE identifier is not received through the conventional paging occasion, the UE may transition back to a sleep state (e.g., a deep sleep state of MR) and attempt to receive LP-WUS in the sleep state.
  • a sleep state e.g., a deep sleep state of MR
  • the UE may receive dynamic paging times with priority and not receive conventional paging times that overlap with them.
  • a UE may receive both dynamic paging events and conventional paging events.
  • a separate new paging RNTI may be configured for the UE that can be used during dynamic paging events.
  • the UE may assume that DCIs received with the conventional P-RNTI during the overlapping paging events were received during conventional paging events, and DCIs received with the newly configured new paging RNTI were received during dynamic paging events. This is to minimize false alarms by preventing conventional UEs from receiving paging messages intended for dynamic paging events.
  • the dynamic paging occasion and the conventional paging occasion may be determined to be overlapping paging occasions.
  • X may be a predefined value or a value determined by upper layer signaling.
  • the dynamic paging occasion and the conventional paging occasion may be determined to be overlapping paging occasions.
  • X may be a predefined value or a value determined by upper layer signaling.
  • the paging occasions may be determined to be overlapping paging occasions.
  • Methods #1 to #3 described above may be applied independently or in combination of two or more.
  • signaling overhead can be reduced by determining the paging time based on a low-power (LP) wake-up signal (WUS).
  • LP-WUS low-power wake-up signal
  • the reliability of LP-WUS transmission can be improved.
  • power consumption of the UE can be reduced by minimizing unnecessary waking up of the UE.
  • the reliability of LP-WUS transmission can be improved.
  • a UE using a low-power receiver can perform paging monitoring quickly after receiving a wake-up signal.
  • Figure 15 illustrates a flow of UE operations to which some implementations of this specification may be applied.
  • a UE may perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • the UE may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • a processing device for the UE may include at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • a computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium may store at least one computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • a computer program or computer program product may be recorded on at least one computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium and may contain instructions that, when executed, cause (at least one processor) to perform operations according to some implementations of the present specification.
  • the operations may include: receiving a wake-up signal (WUS) related to a device (e.g., UE) (S1501); determining an earliest frame after a predetermined length of time T after a slot in which the wake-up signal is received as a paging frame (hereinafter, dynamic paging frame) for the device (S1503); determining an earliest paging time having a control channel monitoring time after the predetermined length of time T after the slot within the dynamic paging frame as a dynamic paging time for the device (S1503); and performing paging monitoring for paging reception at the dynamic paging time (S1505).
  • WUS wake-up signal
  • the method or operations may include: receiving a configuration regarding a paging search space; and determining control channel monitoring times based on the configuration.
  • determining the dynamic paging time may include: determining the earliest paging time as the dynamic paging time based on a search space identifier set for the paging search space being 0.
  • determining the dynamic paging time may include: determining the earliest paging time as the dynamic paging time based on the WUS including an identifier of the device.
  • the method or the operations may include: i) transitioning to a sleep state and ii) initiating WUS monitoring based on not receiving a paging message including the identifier of the device after the dynamic paging event.
  • the method or the operations may include: receiving paging-related settings; and, based on the paging-related settings, determining paging frames for the device and a paging time for the device per paging frame.
  • determining the dynamic paging occasion may include: determining the earliest paging occasion to be the dynamic paging occasion based on there being no paging occasion for the device within the earliest frame.
  • the method or the operations may be such that: the WUS is performed via a first receiver of the device, and the paging monitoring is performed via a second receiver of the device.
  • Figure 16 illustrates the flow of BS operations to which some implementations of this specification may be applied.
  • a BS may perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • the BS may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • a processing device for the BS may include at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • a computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium may store at least one computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.
  • a computer program or computer program product may be recorded on at least one computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium and may contain instructions that, when executed, cause (at least one processor) to perform operations according to some implementations of the present specification.
  • the operations may include: transmitting a wake-up signal (WUS) related to a device (e.g., UE) (S1601); determining an earliest frame after a predetermined length of time T after a slot in which the wake-up signal is transmitted as a paging frame for the device (S1603); determining an earliest paging time having a control channel monitoring time after the predetermined length of time T after the slot, within the dynamic paging frame, as a dynamic paging time for the device (S1603); and transmitting control information for paging at the dynamic paging time (S1605).
  • WUS wake-up signal
  • the method or operations may include: transmitting a configuration regarding a paging search space; and determining control channel monitoring times based on the configuration.
  • determining the dynamic paging time may include: determining the earliest paging time as the dynamic paging time based on a search space identifier set for the paging search space being 0.
  • determining the dynamic paging time may include: determining the earliest paging time as the dynamic paging time based on the WUS including an identifier of the device.
  • the method or the operations may include: determining that the device i) transitions to a sleep state and ii) initiates WUS monitoring based on a failure to transmit a paging message including the identifier of the device after the dynamic paging event.
  • the method or operations may include: setting paging-related settings; and, based on the paging-related settings, determining paging frames for the device and paging timing for the device per paging frame.
  • determining the dynamic paging occasion may include: determining the earliest paging occasion to be the dynamic paging occasion based on there being no paging occasion for the device within the earliest frame.
  • Implementations of this specification can be used in wireless communication systems, BSs, UEs, and other equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Un équipement peut : recevoir un signal de réveil (WUS) associé à l'équipement ; déterminer, en tant que trame de radiomessagerie dynamique pour l'équipement, la trame la plus précoce après une durée prédéterminée T suivant un créneau dans lequel le signal de réveil a été reçu ; déterminer, en tant qu'occasion de radiomessagerie dynamique pour l'équipement, l'occasion de radiomessagerie la plus précoce ayant une occasion de surveillance de canal de commande après la durée prédéterminée T suivant le créneau à l'intérieur de la trame de radiomessagerie dynamique ; et effectuer une surveillance de radiomessagerie pour repérer une réception de radiomessagerie au moment de l'occasion de radiomessagerie dynamique.
PCT/KR2025/099422 2024-02-16 2025-02-17 Procédé mis en œuvre par un équipement, procédé, support de stockage, procédé mis en œuvre par une station de base et station de base Pending WO2025174227A1 (fr)

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US202463554217P 2024-02-16 2024-02-16
US63/554,217 2024-02-16
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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022077379A1 (fr) * 2020-10-15 2022-04-21 Apple Inc. Conception et configuration de signal de réveil (wus) pour radiomessagerie
US20220295403A1 (en) * 2017-08-11 2022-09-15 Apple Inc. METHODS TO INDICATE REPITITIONS FOR WUS NOTIFICATION FOR BL UEs OR UEs OR NB-IoT UEs
US20220400437A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2022-12-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Wakeup signal based beam management
WO2023055700A1 (fr) * 2021-09-30 2023-04-06 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Procédés et appareil permettant une mesure de rrm et une fiabilité d'une radiorecherche au moyen d'un récepteur de réveil de faible puissance pour systèmes sans fil
WO2024015894A1 (fr) * 2022-07-14 2024-01-18 Intel Corporation Déclenchement de transmission à l'aide d'un récepteur de réveil à faible puissance séparé

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220295403A1 (en) * 2017-08-11 2022-09-15 Apple Inc. METHODS TO INDICATE REPITITIONS FOR WUS NOTIFICATION FOR BL UEs OR UEs OR NB-IoT UEs
US20220400437A1 (en) * 2019-09-06 2022-12-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Wakeup signal based beam management
WO2022077379A1 (fr) * 2020-10-15 2022-04-21 Apple Inc. Conception et configuration de signal de réveil (wus) pour radiomessagerie
WO2023055700A1 (fr) * 2021-09-30 2023-04-06 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Procédés et appareil permettant une mesure de rrm et une fiabilité d'une radiorecherche au moyen d'un récepteur de réveil de faible puissance pour systèmes sans fil
WO2024015894A1 (fr) * 2022-07-14 2024-01-18 Intel Corporation Déclenchement de transmission à l'aide d'un récepteur de réveil à faible puissance séparé

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