WO2025171665A1 - Orthogonal cover code configuration for random access channel related physical uplink shared channel transmissions - Google Patents
Orthogonal cover code configuration for random access channel related physical uplink shared channel transmissionsInfo
- Publication number
- WO2025171665A1 WO2025171665A1 PCT/CN2024/077455 CN2024077455W WO2025171665A1 WO 2025171665 A1 WO2025171665 A1 WO 2025171665A1 CN 2024077455 W CN2024077455 W CN 2024077455W WO 2025171665 A1 WO2025171665 A1 WO 2025171665A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- occ
- rach
- sequence
- spreading
- baseband processor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
- H04J13/16—Code allocation
- H04J13/18—Allocation of orthogonal codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
- H04J13/0003—Code application, i.e. aspects relating to how codes are applied to form multiplexed channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to wireless communication networks including techniques for improving network performance using orthogonal cover codes (OCCs) .
- OCCs orthogonal cover codes
- wireless communication networks may be developed to implement fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) technology, sixth generation (6G) technology, and so on.
- 5G fifth generation
- NR new radio
- 6G sixth generation
- An aspect of such technology includes addressing how communication techniques may be extended as radio network components are implemented in non-terrestrial platforms.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example non-terrestrial network (NTN) .
- NTN non-terrestrial network
- FIGs. 2A and 2B are message flow diagrams outlining a 4-step random access channel (RACH) process and a 2-step RACH process, respectively.
- RACH random access channel
- FIG. 3A illustrates a media access control (MAC) random access response (RAR) subheader that indicates an OCC index, according to various aspects disclosed.
- MAC media access control
- RAR random access response
- FIG. 3B illustrates a MAC RAR payload that includes OCC information, according to various aspects disclosed.
- FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of an example method that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) for transmitting a RACH-related PUSCH in a 4-step RACH process with contention-based orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading, according to various aspects disclosed.
- UE user equipment
- OCC contention-based orthogonal cover code
- FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of an example method that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) for transmitting a RACH-related PUSCH in a 2-step RACH process with contention-based orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading, according to various aspects disclosed.
- UE user equipment
- OCC contention-based orthogonal cover code
- FIG. 5A illustrates a MAC successRAR subheader that indicates an OCC index, according to various aspects disclosed.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example of intra-slot OCC spreading without repetition increase due to OCC coding, in accordance with various aspects disclosed.
- FIGs. 7A, 7B, 7C illustrate examples of intra-slot OCC spreading with repetition increase due to OCC coding, in accordance with various aspects disclosed.
- FIGs. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D illustrate examples of inter-slot OCC spreading with repetition increase due to OCC coding, in accordance with various aspects disclosed.
- FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of an example method that may be performed by a base station for configuring and/or receiving a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading, according to various aspects disclosed.
- the UE sends a RACH-related message that includes physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission that may include uplink (UL) data, a request, or other information.
- PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
- the area covered by an NTN cell may be on the order of millions of square kilometers and likely will encompass many more UEs than typical land networks.
- enhancements to the RACH process that enable multiple UEs to utilize the same or similar time/frequency resources for transmitting RACH-related PUSCH will improve the performance of NTN communication.
- FIG. 2A illustrates an example 4-step RACH process 210.
- the UE transmits Msgl which includes a PRACH preamble that serves to identify the UE.
- Msgl which includes a PRACH preamble that serves to identify the UE.
- the UE randomly selects the preamble from a set of configured candidate preambles.
- contention-free RACH the preamble and optionally also dedicated PRACH resources are configured to the UE when the UE enters the INACTIVE or IDLE state.
- the base station transmits Msg4.
- Msg4 includes an indication as to whether the RACH process was successful or not and also indicates a cell RNTI (C-RNTI) for use in subsequent communication.
- C-RNTI may be the TC-RNTI included in the payload of Msg2 and used to scramble Msg3, when the TC-RNTIs associated with these messages match.
- the UE may send a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK) message to the base station.
- HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
- ACK hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement
- the UE does not receive Msg4 before the timer expires the UE assumes that the RACH process was not successful and will not transmit HARQ-ACK and may initiate another RACH attempt.
- FIG. 2B illustrates a two step RACH process 260.
- the 2-step RACH process may be selected over the 4-step process when latency is a concern, a cell is geographically compact so that timing advance is not as important to decoding UL transmissions, and/or the likelihood of collisions is relatively small.
- the UE transmits MsgA which includes the information sent in Msg1 and Msg3 of the 4 step RACH process of FIG. 5A.
- MsgA includes the PRACH preamble (either randomly selected or preconfigured to the UE) and is transmitted using the RO associated with a selected SSB as described with reference to FIG. 2A.
- MsgA also includes the RACH-related PUSCH.
- MsgA PUSCH is scrambled based on RA-RNTI, the preamble ID (RAPID) , and the current cell ID.
- the base station transmits MsgB which includes DCI scrambled based on MsgB-RNTI that schedules MsgB PDSCH.
- the MsgB PDSCH may include a fallbackRAR media access control sub protocol data unit (MAC subPDU) that includes an uplink grant for the UE to re-transmit MsgA when the base station detects MsgA but cannot decode it. If the base station successfully decodes MsgA, MsgB PDSCH includes a successRAR MAC subPDU that indicates a C-RNTI for use by the UE in subsequent communication.
- MAC subPDU media access control sub protocol data unit
- Msg3/MsgA may be significant and throughput and performance, especially in an NTN or crowded land network, may be compromised when only a single UE may utilize certain PRACH resources at a time.
- Code division multiple access is a technique that is used to allow multiple UEs to communicate with a base station using the same time/frequency resources.
- an orthogonal cover code may be used to “spread” bits encoding transmissions to generate discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) based waveforms.
- An OCC is defined by a code length and includes a set of unique code sequences.
- the code sequences comprise an ordered series of values that are applied to (e.g., multiply) consecutive modulation symbols before DFT operations in the frequency domain (FD-OCC) or (pre-DFT OCC) , consecutive symbols in a slot (intra-slot OCC) , or across multiple consecutive slots (inter-slot OCC) in which all symbols in a slot are coded by the same code value in the sequence of code values.
- the coding results in a waveform that is orthogonal in either frequency (FD-OCC) or time (intra-slot or inter-slot OCC) to other waveforms generated based on other sequences in the OCC.
- repetitions for Msg3 PUSCH may be configured in which the UE repeats the PUSCH portion of Msg3 in a subsequent slot.
- additional repetitions may be encoded according to a different redundancy version (RV) in which bits encoding the Msg3 PUSCH are placed in a circular buffer and a different starting point in the circular buffer is used to select a sequence of bits for transmission in a given repetition.
- RV redundancy version
- a sequence of RVs (e.g., RV 0, RV 2, RV 3, RV 1) may be preconfigured for use in a cyclic manner in Msg3 PUSCH repetition.
- Described herein are systems, methods, and circuitries that provide techniques for supporting OCC for RACH-related PUSCH, such as PUSCH associated with Msg3 and/or MsgA.
- signaling solutions are presented for configuration and/or selection of OCC sequence and length as well as different mechanisms for coding RACH-related PUSCH with respect to, for example, retransmissions, repetitions, and RVs.
- OCC e.g., OCC sequence identifier or index and sequence length
- the OCC sequence may be assigned or pre-confirmed to the UE by the network (dedicated OCC) or the UE may select an OCC sequence (contention-based OCC) .
- the UE receives confirmation from the network of the OCC sequence the UE selected to spread the RACH-related PUSCH to indicate that no collision has occurred.
- FIG. 3 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 300 that may be performed by a UE to transmit a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading.
- the method includes, at 310, receiving network configuration that includes OCC configuration.
- the network configuration may be made by way of a system information block 1 (SIB1) or other SIBs.
- SIB1 system information block 1
- the OCC configuration may include an OCC length and an OCC spreading scheme (e.g., FD-OCC, intra-slot OCC, or inter-slot OCC) .
- the OCC configuration may also provide an association between certain PRACH preambles and/or ROs and a UE's capability for OCC for RACH-related PUSCH.
- certain of the PRACH preambles may be dedicated for use by UEs with the capability to perform OCC spreading of PRACH-related PUSCH.
- the network configuration received at 310 may also configure PRACH preambles and/or ROs for UEs capable ofMsg3 PUSCH repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles dedicated for OCC-capable UE may be identical to the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may a subset of the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may be different from the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may replace the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the UE selects one of the dedicated PRACH preambles and/or RO based on its OCC capability and transmits Msgl, including the PRACH preamble.
- the UE receives Msg2 which includes the RAR.
- Msg2 may include an explicit configuration of the OCC sequence to be used by the UE for spreading Msg3 PUSCH.
- the explicit OCC configuration may indicate an OCC sequence identifier or index and/or an OCC length.
- the DCI format 1_0 of Msg2 which is scrambled based on RA-RNTI, includes bits encoding the OCC sequence identifier or index and/or the OCC sequence length.
- the bits may be part of reserved or unused bits of the DCI format 1_0.
- Msg2 does not include an explicit indication of OCC information.
- the Msg2 may include an indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH is supported without an indication of a particular OCC sequence or no information related to OCC.
- the UE and network independently determine the OCC sequence index as a function of some parameter known to both the UE and the network such as the PRACH preamble ID, TC-RNTI of the UE, or temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI) of the UE, and so on, for which the UE has received confirmation based on successfully decoding Msg2.
- the OCC sequence index may be determined based on (preamble ID) mod (configured OCC length) .
- the UE transmits Msg3 PUSCH with OCC spreading based on the dedicated OCC information (either explicitly indicated in Msg2 or derived based on information confirmed in Msg2) . More details related to OCC spreading of Msg3 PUSCH transmission are provided below with reference to FIGs. 6-8D.
- Msg4 contention information does not need to contain confirmation of the OCC used in Msg3.
- FIG. 4 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 400 that may be performed by a UE to transmit a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading in a 4-step RACH process.
- the method includes, at 410, receiving network configuration that includes OCC configuration.
- the network configuration may be made by way of a system information block 1 (SIB1) or other SIBs.
- SIB1 system information block 1
- the OCC configuration may include an OCC length and an OCC spreading scheme (e.g., FD-OCC, intra-slot OCC, or inter-slot OCC) .
- the OCC configuration may also provide an association between certain PRACH preambles and/or ROs and OCC for RACH-related PUSCH.
- certain of the PRACH preambles may be dedicated for use by UEs with the capability to perform OCC spreading of PRACH-related PUSCH.
- the OCC configuration may also include a set of candidate OCC sequences from which an OCC sequence will be selected or indicated.
- the network configuration received at 410 may also configure PRACH preambles dedicated for UEs capable ofMsg3 PUSCH repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may be identical to the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may a subset of the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may different from the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may replace the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
- the DCI format 1_0 of Msg2 which is scrambled based on RA-RNTI, includes bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled.
- the bit may be part of reserved or unused bits of the DCI format 1 0.
- a sub-header of a MAC RAR carried by PDSCH scheduled by the DCI format 1_0 includes a bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled.
- the MAC RAR payload includes a bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled.
- a new MAC RAR is configured with OCC information and this MAC RAR with OCC information includes a bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled.
- a bit of a UL grant field in the MAC RAR is repurposed to indicate whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled. For example, one bit of the modulation coding scheme (MCS) field of the UL grant in the MAC RAR may be repurposed to indicate whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled.
- MCS modulation coding scheme
- the UE transmits Msg3 PUSCH with OCC spreading based on a randomly selected OCC sequence and a selected OCC length.
- One or more candidate OCC lengths may be configured by network configuration in step 410. If a single candidate OCC length is configured in step 410, then the UE selects this OCC length. Ifmultiple candidate OCC lengths are configured, the UE may select one of the candidate OCC lengths. In some examples, the UE selects the OCC length based on a configured Msg3 PUSCH repetition number. For example, if Msg2 indicates that the Msg3 PUSCH repetition number is 2, then the UE may select an OCC length of 2. More details related to OCC spreading of Msg3 PUSCH transmission are provided below with reference to FIGs. 6-8D.
- the UE receives Msg4.
- Msg4 is configured by the network based on a detected OCC sequence for the Msg3 PUSCH.
- Msg4 explicitly indicates the detected OCC sequence.
- the explicit indication may be in the payload of the DCI format 1_0 in Msg4 that schedules Msg4 PDSCH and is scrambled based on TC-RNTI.
- bits in the Downlink Assignment Index field of the DCI format may be repurposed to carry the indication of the OCC sequence of the detected OCC sequence.
- the indication of the detected OCC sequence is carried in the payload of the Msg4 PDSCH.
- This indication in the Msg3 PDSCH may be configured by way of a MAC CE or RRC configuration to include an explicit indication of the detected OCC sequence.
- the Msg3 PDSCH may be configured by way of a MAC CE or RRC configuration to indicated the UE's ID (e.g., TMSI, RRC Connection Resume ID0, or other ID) in Msg4.
- the UE ID serves as confirmation that the spread Msg3 PUSCH was decoded without collision with another UE Msg3 PUSCH.
- the search space for Msg4 PDCCH (DCI) is dependent on the OCC sequence used to spread the Msg3 PUSCH. Ifno Msg4 PDCCH is detected, then the UE may assume that a collision has occurred.
- the UE transmits Msg4 HARQ-ACK indicating that the detected OCC indicated through Msg4 matches the OCC selected at 440. If the detected OCC does not match the selected OCC, the UE may attempt another RACH process at 420.
- FIG. 5 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 500 that may be performed by a UE to transmit a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading in a 2-step RACH process.
- the method includes, at 510, receiving network configuration that includes OCC configuration.
- the network configuration may be made by way of a system information block 1 (SIB1) or other SIBs.
- SIB1 system information block 1
- the OCC configuration may include an OCC length and an OCC spreading scheme (e.g., FD-OCC, intra-slot OCC, or inter-slot OCC) .
- the OCC configuration may also provide an association between certain PRACH preambles and/or ROs and OCC for RACH-related PUSCH.
- certain of the PRACH preambles may be dedicated for use by UEs with the capability to perform OCC spreading of PRACH-related PUSCH.
- the OCC configuration may also include a set of candidate OCC sequences from which an OCC sequence will be selected or indicated.
- the UE selects one of the dedicated PRACH preambles and/or RO and an OCC sequence.
- the UE may select the OCC sequence randomly from amongst configured candidate OCC sequences or select an OCC associated by preconfiguration with the selected PRACH preamble ID.
- the OCC sequence index may be derived based on (preamble ID) mod (configured OCC length) .
- the UE transmits MsgA including PUSCH spread based on the selected OCC sequence. More details related to OCC spreading ofMsgA PUSCH transmission are provided below with reference to FIGs. 6-8D.
- the DCI format 1_0 of MsgB which is scrambled based on MsgB-RNTI, includes bits encoding the detected OCC sequence identifier or index and/or the OCC sequence length.
- the bits may be part of reserved or unused bits of the DCI format 1 0.
- a sub-header of a MAC successRAR or fallbackRAR carried by physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the DCI format 1_0 includes one or more octets that carry the detected OCC information such as a sequence index 532 as shown by MAC successRAR sub-header 530' of FIG. 5A.
- the MAC successRAR or fallback RAR payload includes one or more octets that carry detected OCC information.
- a new MAC successRAR 530” is configured with detected OCC information 534 as shown in FIG. 5B (or new fallbackRAR not shown) .
- bits of a UL grant field in the MAC successRAR or fallbackRAR are repurposed to indicate detected OCC information.
- the UE transmits MsgB HARQ-ACK indicating that the detected OCC indicated in MsgB matches the OCC selected at 520. If the detected OCC does not match the selected OCC, the UE may attempt another RACH process at 420.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a slot in which OCC spreading based on an OCC sequence [1, -1] (of length 2) reduces the number of OFDM symbols that could be communicated without coding from 14 to 7. It can be seen that the slot includes, for each original OFDM symbol S (n) , a corresponding -S (n) .
- S (n) is the result of the first sequence value (1) multiplied by the original OFDM symbol.
- -S (n) is the result of the second sequence value (-1) multiplied by the original OFDM symbol.
- S2 and -S2 carry demodulation reference symbols (DMRS) and are placed near the beginning and end of the slot. A similar reduction in RBs occurs in FD-OCC without additional repetitions due to OCC.
- the number of OFDM symbols or RBs is increased by a factor of the length of the OCC sequence.
- the total number of repetitions of the PUSCH is equal to a number of configured repetitions *the OCC sequence length (e.g., 2 in the illustrated example) .
- FIGs. 7A-7C illustrate various example coding mechanisms or conventions for handling repetitions and RV cycling in intra-slot OCC or FD-OCC, where the sequence values are applied on a per symbol or RB basis as illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the configured repetition number is 4 and the configured RV cycling sequence is 0, 2, 3, 1.
- a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight (OCC length 2 *configured repetition number 4) OCC coded slots 710 based on repetition first, RV cycling second.
- a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 720 based on RV cycling first, repetition second.
- a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 730 based on repetition only, without RV cycling.
- FIGs. 8A-8D illustrate various example coding mechanisms or conventions for handling configured repetitions and RV cycling in inter-slot OCC, where the sequence values are applied on a per slot basis (e.g., all symbols in the each slot have the same coding value applied) .
- the configured repetition is 2 and the configured RV cycling sequence is 0, 2, 3, 1.
- a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 810 based on OCC spread first, RV cycling second.
- FIG. 8B a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 820 based on RV cycling first, OCC spread second.
- FIG. 8A a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 810 based on OCC spread first, RV cycling second.
- a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 820 based on RV cycling first, OCC spread second.
- a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 830 based on no RV cycling, OCC spread first, repetition second.
- a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 840 based on no RV cycling, repetition first, OCC spread second.
- FIG. 9 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 900 that may be performed by a base station to configure and/or receive RACH-related PUSCH transmission with OCC spreading.
- the method includes, at 910, transmitting an indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported. Any of the above techniques for indicated dedicated PRACH preambles or ROs for RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading may be used.
- the base station receives a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity (RO) .
- RACH random access channel
- RO RACH opportunity
- the PRACH preamble or RO indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions.
- the first RACH-related message may be, for example, Msg1 or MsgA PRACH.
- the method includes, at 930, receiving at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
- the term identify when used with reference to some entity or value of an entity is to be construed broadly as encompassing any manner of determining the entity or value of the entity.
- the term identify is to be construed to encompass, for example, receiving and parsing a communication that encodes the entity or a value of the entity.
- the term identify should be construed to encompass accessing and reading memory (e.g., device queue, lookup table, register, device memory, remote memory, and so on) that stores the entity or value for the entity.
- the term encode when used with reference to some entity or value of an entity is to be construed broadly as encompassing any manner or technique for generating a data sequence or signal that communicates the entity to another component.
- the term select when used with reference to some entity or value of an entity is to be construed broadly as encompassing any manner of determining the entity or value of the entity from amongst a plurality or range of possible choices.
- the term select is to be construed to encompass accessing and reading memory (e.g., lookup table, register, device memory, remote memory, and so on) that stores the entities or values for the entity and returning one entity or entity value from amongst those stored.
- the term select is to be construed as applying one or more constraints or rules to an input set of parameters to determine an appropriate entity or entity value.
- the term select is to be construed as broadly encompassing any manner of choosing an entity based on one or more parameters or conditions.
- the term derive when used with reference to some entity or value of an entity is to be construed broadly. “Derive” should be construed to encompass accessing and reading memory (e.g., lookup table, register, device memory, remote memory, and so on) that stores some initial value or foundational values and performing processing and/or logical/mathematical operations on the value or values to generate the derived entity or value for the entity.
- the term derive should be construed to encompass computing or calculating the entity or value of the entity based on other quantities or entities.
- the term derive should be construed to encompass any manner of deducing or identifying an entity or value of the entity.
- FIG. 10 is an example network 1000 according to one or more implementations described herein.
- Example network 1000 may include UEs 1010-1, 1010-2, etc. (referred to collectively as “UEs 1010” and individually as “UE 1010” ) , a radio access network (RAN) 1020, a core network (CN) 1030, application servers 1040, and external networks 1050. See also UEs 110 of FIG. 1)
- UEs 1010-1, 1010-2, etc. referred to collectively as “UEs 1010” and individually as “UE 1010”
- RAN radio access network
- CN core network
- application servers 1040 application servers
- external networks 1050 See also UEs 110 of FIG. 1
- an IoT UE may utilize one or more types of technologies, such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communications or machine-type communications (MTC) (e.g., to exchanging data with an MTC server or other device via a public land mobile network (PLMN) ) , proximity-based service (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communications, sensor networks, IoT networks, and more.
- M2M or MTC exchange of data may be a machine-initiated exchange
- an IoT network may include interconnecting IoT UEs (which may include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within an Internet infrastructure) with short-lived connections.
- IoT UEs may execute background applications (e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, etc. ) to facilitate the connections of the IoT network.
- UEs 1010 may communicate and establish a connection with (e.g., be communicatively coupled) with RAN 1020, which may involve one or more wireless channels 1014-1 and 1014-2, each of which may comprise a physical communications interface /layer.
- UEs 1010 may use stored RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the UE 1010 to spread RACH-related PUSCH as described above with reference to FIGs. 1-8D.
- a RAN node may be an E-UTRAN Node B (e.g., an enhanced Node B, eNodeB, eNB, 4G base station, etc. ) , a next generation base station (e.g., a 5G base station, NR base station, next generation eNBs (gNB) , etc. ) .
- RAN nodes 1022 may include a roadside unit (RSU) , a transmission reception point (TRxP or TRP) , and one or more other types of ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) .
- RSU roadside unit
- TRxP or TRP transmission reception point
- ground stations e.g., terrestrial access points
- RAN node 1022 may be a dedicated physical device, such as a macrocell base station, and/or a low power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or the like having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells.
- LP low power
- RAN nodes can comprise ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell) .
- satellites 1060 may operate as bases stations with respect to UEs.
- references herein to a base station, RAN node, etc. may involve implementations where the base station, RAN node, etc., is a terrestrial network node and also to implementation where the base station, RAN node, etc., is a non-terrestrial network node (e.g., satellite 1060) .
- a RAN node 1022 may store RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the RAN node to configure and decode spread RACH-related PUSCH as described above with reference to FIGs. 1-8D.
- a downlink resource grid may be used for downlink transmissions from any of the RAN nodes 1022 to UEs 1010, and uplink transmissions may utilize similar techniques.
- the grid may be a time-frequency grid (e.g., a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid) that represents the physical resource for downlink in each slot.
- a time-frequency grid e.g., a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid
- Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively.
- the duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame.
- the smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid is denoted as a resource element.
- Each resource grid comprises resource blocks, which describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements.
- Each resource block may comprise a collection of resource elements (REs) ; in the frequency domain, this may represent the smallest quantity of resources that currently may be allocated.
- REs resource elements
- the RAN nodes 1022 may be configured to communicate with one another via interface 1023.
- interface 1023 may be an X2 interface.
- interface 1023 may be an Xn interface.
- the X2 interface may be defined between two or more RAN nodes 1022 (e.g., two or more eNBs /gNBs or a combination thereof) that connect to evolved packet core (EPC) or CN 1030, or between two eNBs connecting to an EPC.
- EPC evolved packet core
- RAN 1020 may be connected (e.g., communicatively coupled) to CN 1030.
- CN 1030 may comprise a plurality of network elements 1032, which are configured to offer various data and telecommunications services to customers/subscribers (e.g., users of UEs 1010) who are connected to the CN 1030 via the RAN 1020.
- CN 1030 may include an evolved packet core (EPC) , a 5G CN, and/or one or more additional or alternative types of CNs.
- EPC evolved packet core
- the components of the CN 1030 may be implemented in one physical node or separate physical nodes including components to read and execute instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium) .
- the CN may store RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the CN to configure RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading as described above with reference to FIGs. 1-8D.
- CN 1030, application servers 1040, and external networks 1050 may be connected to one another via interfaces 1034, 1036, and 1038, which may include IP network interfaces.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram of an example of components of a network device according to one or more implementations described herein.
- the device 1100 can include application circuitry 1102, baseband circuitry 1104, RF circuitry 1106, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 1108, one or more antennas 1110, and power management circuitry (PMC) 1112 coupled together at least as shown.
- the components of the illustrated device 1100 can be included in a UE or a RAN node.
- the device 1100 can include fewer elements (e.g., a RAN node may not utilize application circuitry 1102, and instead include a processor/controller to process IP data received from a CN or an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) ) .
- EPC Evolved Packet Core
- the device 1100 can include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor (including one or more temperature sensors, such as a single temperature sensor, a plurality of temperature sensors at different locations in device 1100, etc. ) , or input/output (I/O) interface.
- additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor (including one or more temperature sensors, such as a single temperature sensor, a plurality of temperature sensors at different locations in device 1100, etc. ) , or input/output (I/O) interface.
- the components described below can be included in more than one device (e.g., said circuitries can be separately included in more than one device for Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) implementations) .
- C-RAN Cloud-RAN
- the application circuitry 1102 can include one or more application processors.
- the application circuitry 1102 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
- the processor (s) can include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc. ) .
- the processors can be coupled with or can include memory/storage and can be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on the device 1100.
- processors of application circuitry 1102 can process IP data packets received from an EPC.
- the baseband circuitry 1104 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
- the baseband circuitry 1104 can include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1106 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1106.
- Baseband circuity 1104 can interface with the application circuitry 1102 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 1106.
- the baseband circuitry 1104 can include a 3G baseband processor 1104A, a 4G baseband processor 1104B, a 5G baseband processor 1104C, or other baseband processor (s) 1104D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., 5G, 6G, etc. ) .
- the baseband circuitry 1104 can handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 1106. In other implementations, some or all of the functionality of baseband processors 1104A-D can be included in modules stored in the memory 1104G and executed via a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1104E. In some implementations, the baseband circuitry 1104 can include one or more audio digital signal processor (s) (DSP) 1104F.
- DSP audio digital signal processor
- memory 1104G may store RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the device 1100 to transmit or receive RACH-related PUSCH spread using OCC.
- RF circuitry 1106 can enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium.
- the RF circuitry 1106 can include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network.
- RF circuitry 1106 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1108 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 1104.
- RF circuitry 1106 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 1104 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 1108 for transmission.
- the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1106 can include mixer circuitry 1106A, amplifier circuitry 1106B and filter circuitry 1106C.
- the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1106 can include filter circuitry 1106C and mixer circuitry 1106A.
- RF circuitry 1106 can also include synthesizer circuitry 1106D for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1106A of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path.
- Examples herein can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including executable instructions that, when performed by a machine or circuitry (e.g., a processor (e.g., processor, etc. ) with memory, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , or the like) cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to implementations and examples described.
- a machine or circuitry e.g., a processor (e.g., processor, etc. ) with memory, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , or the like
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- Example 1 is a baseband processor, configured to perform operations including receiving indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported; interfacing with a transceiver for transmitting a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity, wherein the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and interfacing with a transceiver for transmitting at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
- OCC orthogonal cover code
- Example 2 includes the subject matter of example 1, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to receive a system information block SIB that includes the indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH transmissions is supported.
- SIB system information block
- Example 3 includes the subject matter of any of examples 1-2, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the indication includes information about an OCC size or an OCC spreading scheme and wherein the spreading scheme is one of intra-slot OCC, inter-slot OCC, and frequency-domain OCC.
- Example 4 includes the subject matter of any of examples 1-3, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to receive configuration of a set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities (ROs) that are dedicated for user equipments (UEs) with capability to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and select the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity from the configured set.
- the baseband processor is configured to receive configuration of a set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities (ROs) that are dedicated for user equipments (UEs) with capability to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and select the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity from the configured set.
- ROs PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities
- Example 5 includes the subject matter of example 4, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the set of PRACH preambles or ROs is the same as a set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition, is a subset of the set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition, is unique from the set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition, or replaces the set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition.
- Example 8 includes the subject matter of example 6, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the OCC information includes an indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH transmissions is acknowledged and the baseband processor is configured to randomly select an OCC sequence or OCC length from amongst configured OCC sequence or OCC lengths for transmitting the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
- Example 9 includes the subject matter of example 6, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the second RACH-related message includes a downlink control information (DCI) format that indicates the OCC information, or the second RACH-related message is based on a modified random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) , wherein the modified RA-RNTI includes an RA-RANTI of a UE modified based on a selected OCC sequence, or the second RACH-related message includes a media access control (MAC) random access response (RAR) , a MAC successRAR, or a MAC fallbackRAR, wherein the MAC RAR, MAC successRAR, or fallbackRAR includes a sub-header, a payload, or an uplink grant field that indicates the OCC information, or the second RACH-related message indicates one or more respective OCC sequences for one or more respective retransmissions of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
- DCI downlink control information
- RA-RNTI modified random access
- Example 10 includes the subject matter of any of examples example 1-9, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to determine an OCC sequence based on the PRACH preamble, RO, temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (TC-RNTI) , or temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI) of a UE.
- the baseband processor is configured to determine an OCC sequence based on the PRACH preamble, RO, temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (TC-RNTI) , or temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI) of a UE.
- Example 10 includes the subject matter of any of examples example 1-11, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to transmit a retransmission of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission based on the same OCC sequence for the RACH-related PUSCH transmission, a next OCC sequence in a preconfigured series of OCC sequences, an OCC sequence indicated in a RACH-related message received from a base station, or a randomly selected OCC sequence.
- Example 13 includes the subject matter of any of examples example 1-13, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to receive, in response to the RACH-related PUSCH transmission, a message that indicates receipt of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a detected OCC sequence; and transmit an acknowledgement message when the detected OCC sequence matches the selected OCC sequence.
- Example 14 includes the subject matter of example 13, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the message includes a DCI format that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission having a payload that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a MAC-CE that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a radio resource control (RRC) message that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a MAC-CE that indicates a correct identifier of a UE, or an RRC message that indicates a correct identifier of a UE.
- PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
- RRC radio resource control
- Example 15 includes the subject matter of example 13, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to monitor a search space associated with the selected OCC sequence and communicate the acknowledgement in response to receiving a RACH-related message in the search space.
- Example 16 is a user equipment (UE) , including a memory and one or more processors configured to, when executing instructions stored in the memory, cause the UE to: determine an orthogonal cover code (OCC) for use in transmitting RACH-related PUSCH transmissions, wherein the OCC includes a sequence and a length; and transmit at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on the OCC, wherein the OCC is applied across modulation symbols (FD-OCC) , orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbols in a slot (intra-slot OCC) , or consecutive slots (inter-slot OCC) .
- OCC orthogonal cover code
- Example 21 is a baseband processor, configured to perform operations including instructing a transceiver to transmit an indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported; receiving a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity, wherein the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and receiving at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
- OCC orthogonal cover code
- Example 22 is a base station, including a memory and one or more processors configured to, when executing instructions stored in the memory, cause the base station to determine an orthogonal cover code (OCC) for use in receiving RACH-related PUSCH transmissions, wherein the OCC includes a sequence and a length; and receive at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on the OCC, wherein the OCC is applied across modulation symbols (FD-OCC) , orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbols in a slot (intra-slot OCC) , or consecutive slots (inter-slot OCC) .
- OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexed
- Example 25 is a UE including the baseband processor of examples 16-20.
- personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users.
- personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
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Abstract
Systems, methods, processors, and circuitries are provided to support random access channel (RACH) -related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) with orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading. In one example, a method includes receiving indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported; transmitting a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity, wherein the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and transmitting at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
Description
This disclosure relates to wireless communication networks including techniques for improving network performance using orthogonal cover codes (OCCs) .
As the number of mobile devices within wireless networks, and the demand for mobile data traffic, continue to increase, changes are made to system requirements and architectures to better address current and anticipated demands. For example, some wireless communication networks may be developed to implement fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) technology, sixth generation (6G) technology, and so on. An aspect of such technology includes addressing how communication techniques may be extended as radio network components are implemented in non-terrestrial platforms.
The present disclosure will be readily understood and enabled by the detailed description and accompanying figures of the drawings. Like reference numerals may designate like features and structural elements. Figures and corresponding descriptions are provided as non-limiting examples of aspects, implementations, etc., of the present disclosure, and references to ″an″or “one” aspect, implementation, etc., may not necessarily refer to the same aspect, implementation, etc., and may mean at least one, one or more, etc.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example non-terrestrial network (NTN) .
FIGs. 2A and 2B are message flow diagrams outlining a 4-step random access channel (RACH) process and a 2-step RACH process, respectively.
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of an example method that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) for transmitting a RACH-related PUSCH in a 4-step RACH process with dedicated orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading, according to various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 3A illustrates a media access control (MAC) random access response (RAR) subheader that indicates an OCC index, according to various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 3B illustrates a MAC RAR payload that includes OCC information, according to various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of an example method that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) for transmitting a RACH-related PUSCH in a 4-step RACH process with contention-based orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading, according to various aspects
disclosed.
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of an example method that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) for transmitting a RACH-related PUSCH in a 2-step RACH process with contention-based orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading, according to various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 5A illustrates a MAC successRAR subheader that indicates an OCC index, according to various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 5B illustrates a MAC successRAR payload that includes OCC information, according to various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 6 illustrates an example of intra-slot OCC spreading without repetition increase due to OCC coding, in accordance with various aspects disclosed.
FIGs. 7A, 7B, 7C illustrate examples of intra-slot OCC spreading with repetition increase due to OCC coding, in accordance with various aspects disclosed.
FIGs. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D illustrate examples of inter-slot OCC spreading with repetition increase due to OCC coding, in accordance with various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of an example method that may be performed by a base station for configuring and/or receiving a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading, according to various aspects disclosed.
FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of a wireless communication network, in accordance with various aspects described.
FIG. 11 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a user equipment device, in accordance with various aspects described.
The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar features, elements, operations, etc. Additionally, the present disclosure is not limited to the following description as other implementations may be utilized, and structural or logical changes made, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Wireless communication networks may include user equipment (UEs) , base stations, and/or other types of wireless devices capable of communicating with one another. 5G Release 17 established standards for non-terrestrial network (NTN) based communication. FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless network in which multiple UEs 110 that are located in an NTN cell served by a satellite 160. When an INACTIVE or IDLE UE 110 needs to communicate with the
network, the UE utilizes a random access channel (RACH) process in which the UE and a radio access node (RAN) (e.g., base station, transmission reception point, and so on) such as the satellite 160 exchange RACH-related messages. As part of the RACH process, the UE sends a RACH-related message that includes physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission that may include uplink (UL) data, a request, or other information. The area covered by an NTN cell may be on the order of millions of square kilometers and likely will encompass many more UEs than typical land networks. Thus, enhancements to the RACH process that enable multiple UEs to utilize the same or similar time/frequency resources for transmitting RACH-related PUSCH will improve the performance of NTN communication.
RACH Overview
There are two types of RACH processes, a 4 step RACH process and a 2 step RACH process. FIG. 2A illustrates an example 4-step RACH process 210. At 220, the UE transmits Msgl which includes a PRACH preamble that serves to identify the UE. In contention-based RACH, the UE randomly selects the preamble from a set of configured candidate preambles. In contention-free RACH, the preamble and optionally also dedicated PRACH resources are configured to the UE when the UE enters the INACTIVE or IDLE state. At 220, Msg1 is transmitted using preconfigured time/frequency resources, referred to as a RACH occasion (RO) , that are related to a synchronization signal block (SSB) associated with a selected beam. A response window is configured during which the UE expects a response from the base station. If the UE does not receive a response within the window, the UE will re-transmit the preamble and/or take other remedial action.
At 230, the base station transmits Msg2 containing a RACH response (RAR) that includes downlink control information (DCI) that is scrambled by a random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) that is based on the RO during which Msg1 was received. The DCI includes information that allows the UE to decode a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) that communicates a temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (TC-RNTI) identifier for the UE as well as an allocation of UL resources for RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
At 240, the UE transmits Msg3, including a RACH-related PUSCH as well as indication of the received TC-RNTI using the UL resources received in the RAR. The UE sets a contention timer upon sending Msg3 and monitors the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for Msg4 in a search space associated with the RACH process.
At 250, the base station transmits Msg4. Msg4 includes an indication as to whether the RACH process was successful or not and also indicates a cell RNTI (C-RNTI) for use in
subsequent communication. The C-RNTI may be the TC-RNTI included in the payload of Msg2 and used to scramble Msg3, when the TC-RNTIs associated with these messages match. When the UE successfully decodes the Msg4, the UE may send a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK) message to the base station. When the UE does not receive Msg4 before the timer expires the UE assumes that the RACH process was not successful and will not transmit HARQ-ACK and may initiate another RACH attempt.
FIG. 2B illustrates a two step RACH process 260. The 2-step RACH process may be selected over the 4-step process when latency is a concern, a cell is geographically compact so that timing advance is not as important to decoding UL transmissions, and/or the likelihood of collisions is relatively small. At 270, the UE transmits MsgA which includes the information sent in Msg1 and Msg3 of the 4 step RACH process of FIG. 5A. MsgA includes the PRACH preamble (either randomly selected or preconfigured to the UE) and is transmitted using the RO associated with a selected SSB as described with reference to FIG. 2A. MsgA also includes the RACH-related PUSCH. MsgA PUSCH is scrambled based on RA-RNTI, the preamble ID (RAPID) , and the current cell ID.
At 280 the base station transmits MsgB which includes DCI scrambled based on MsgB-RNTI that schedules MsgB PDSCH. The MsgB PDSCH may include a fallbackRAR media access control sub protocol data unit (MAC subPDU) that includes an uplink grant for the UE to re-transmit MsgA when the base station detects MsgA but cannot decode it. If the base station successfully decodes MsgA, MsgB PDSCH includes a successRAR MAC subPDU that indicates a C-RNTI for use by the UE in subsequent communication.
The size of Msg3/MsgA may be significant and throughput and performance, especially in an NTN or crowded land network, may be compromised when only a single UE may utilize certain PRACH resources at a time.
Orthogonal Cover Code Overview
Code division multiple access (CDMA) is a technique that is used to allow multiple UEs to communicate with a base station using the same time/frequency resources. To enable CDMA, an orthogonal cover code (OCC) may be used to “spread” bits encoding transmissions to generate discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) based waveforms. An OCC is defined by a code length and includes a set of unique code sequences. The code sequences comprise an ordered series of values that are applied to (e.g., multiply) consecutive modulation symbols before DFT operations in the frequency domain (FD-OCC) or (pre-DFT OCC) , consecutive symbols in a slot (intra-slot OCC) , or across multiple consecutive slots (inter-slot OCC) in which all symbols in a slot are coded by the same code
value in the sequence of code values. The coding results in a waveform that is orthogonal in either frequency (FD-OCC) or time (intra-slot or inter-slot OCC) to other waveforms generated based on other sequences in the OCC.
3GPP TS 38.211 specifies supported OCC sequences in Table 6.3.2.6.3. For example, a supported OCC of length 2 includes sequences [1, 1] and [1, -1] . The number of UEs that may communicate using DFT-s-OFDM waveforms is determined based on the number of code sequences in the OCC. In order to spread a PUSCH transmission, the UE needs to acquire information regarding an OCC sequence (e.g., an OCC sequence index) and length. The length of the OCC sequence is equal to the number of OCC sequences in the OCC and also the number of UEs that may multiplex UL signals using the OCC.
Msg3 Repetitions
In an effort to improve the reliability of transmission of Msg3, repetitions for Msg3 PUSCH may be configured in which the UE repeats the PUSCH portion of Msg3 in a subsequent slot. In some configurations additional repetitions may be encoded according to a different redundancy version (RV) in which bits encoding the Msg3 PUSCH are placed in a circular buffer and a different starting point in the circular buffer is used to select a sequence of bits for transmission in a given repetition. The different starting points correspond to different RVs. A sequence of RVs (e.g., RV 0, RV 2, RV 3, RV 1) may be preconfigured for use in a cyclic manner in Msg3 PUSCH repetition.
Described herein are systems, methods, and circuitries that provide techniques for supporting OCC for RACH-related PUSCH, such as PUSCH associated with Msg3 and/or MsgA. In particular, signaling solutions are presented for configuration and/or selection of OCC sequence and length as well as different mechanisms for coding RACH-related PUSCH with respect to, for example, retransmissions, repetitions, and RVs.
Configuration of OCC
Two different approaches may be taken to configure an OCC (e.g., OCC sequence identifier or index and sequence length) for RACH-related PUSCH transmissions. The OCC sequence may be assigned or pre-confirmed to the UE by the network (dedicated OCC) or the UE may select an OCC sequence (contention-based OCC) . In contention-based OCC, the UE receives confirmation from the network of the OCC sequence the UE selected to spread the RACH-related PUSCH to indicate that no collision has occurred. These two techniques will be described in turn.
Dedicated OCC
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 300 that may be performed by
a UE to transmit a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading. The method includes, at 310, receiving network configuration that includes OCC configuration. The network configuration may be made by way of a system information block 1 (SIB1) or other SIBs. The OCC configuration may include an OCC length and an OCC spreading scheme (e.g., FD-OCC, intra-slot OCC, or inter-slot OCC) . The OCC configuration may also provide an association between certain PRACH preambles and/or ROs and a UE's capability for OCC for RACH-related PUSCH. For example, certain of the PRACH preambles may be dedicated for use by UEs with the capability to perform OCC spreading of PRACH-related PUSCH.
The network configuration received at 310 may also configure PRACH preambles and/or ROs for UEs capable ofMsg3 PUSCH repetition. In this case the set of dedicated PRACH preambles dedicated for OCC-capable UE may be identical to the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition. Alternatively, the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may a subset of the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition. Alternatively, the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may be different from the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition. Alternatively, the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may replace the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
At 320, the UE selects one of the dedicated PRACH preambles and/or RO based on its OCC capability and transmits Msgl, including the PRACH preamble. At 330, the UE receives Msg2 which includes the RAR. Msg2 may include an explicit configuration of the OCC sequence to be used by the UE for spreading Msg3 PUSCH. The explicit OCC configuration may indicate an OCC sequence identifier or index and/or an OCC length.
In some examples, to communicate the explicit OCC configuration, the DCI format 1_0 of Msg2, which is scrambled based on RA-RNTI, includes bits encoding the OCC sequence identifier or index and/or the OCC sequence length. The bits may be part of reserved or unused bits of the DCI format 1_0.
In some examples, the DCI format 1_0 is scrambled based on a modified RA-RNTI. The RA-RNTI that was derived based on the RO is modified based on a selected OCC sequence. For example, the least significant bits (LSBs) or most significant bits (MSBs) may be XOR-ed with the selected OCC sequence. In this example, the UE will need to attempt to de-scramble the DCI 1_0 based on different possible RA-RNTIs corresponding to different candidate OCC sequences until the UE is able to successfully decode the DCI and thereby identify the OCC sequence selected by the network.
In some examples, a sub-header of a media access control (MAC) RAR carried by
physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the DCI format 1_0 includes one or more octets that carry OCC information such as a sequence index 332 as shown by MAC sub-header 330' of FIG. 3A. In some examples, the MAC RAR payload includes one or more octets that carry OCC information. In some examples, a new MAC RAR 330” is configured with MAC RAR with OCC information 334 as shown in FIG. 3B. In yet other examples, bits of a UL grant field in the MAC RAR are repurposed to indicate OCC information.
In some examples, Msg2 does not include an explicit indication of OCC information. In this example, the Msg2 may include an indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH is supported without an indication of a particular OCC sequence or no information related to OCC. The UE and network independently determine the OCC sequence index as a function of some parameter known to both the UE and the network such as the PRACH preamble ID, TC-RNTI of the UE, or temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI) of the UE, and so on, for which the UE has received confirmation based on successfully decoding Msg2. For example, the OCC sequence index may be determined based on (preamble ID) mod (configured OCC length) .
Returning to FIG. 3, at 340, the UE transmits Msg3 PUSCH with OCC spreading based on the dedicated OCC information (either explicitly indicated in Msg2 or derived based on information confirmed in Msg2) . More details related to OCC spreading of Msg3 PUSCH transmission are provided below with reference to FIGs. 6-8D. When dedicated OCC is used, Msg4 contention information does not need to contain confirmation of the OCC used in Msg3.
Contention-based OCC for 4-Step RACH
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 400 that may be performed by a UE to transmit a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading in a 4-step RACH process. The method includes, at 410, receiving network configuration that includes OCC configuration. The network configuration may be made by way of a system information block 1 (SIB1) or other SIBs. The OCC configuration may include an OCC length and an OCC spreading scheme (e.g., FD-OCC, intra-slot OCC, or inter-slot OCC) . The OCC configuration may also provide an association between certain PRACH preambles and/or ROs and OCC for RACH-related PUSCH. For example, certain of the PRACH preambles may be dedicated for use by UEs with the capability to perform OCC spreading of PRACH-related PUSCH. The OCC configuration may also include a set of candidate OCC sequences from which an OCC sequence will be selected or indicated.
The network configuration received at 410 may also configure PRACH preambles dedicated for UEs capable ofMsg3 PUSCH repetition. In this case the set of dedicated PRACH
preambles for OCC-capable UE may be identical to the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition. Alternatively, the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may a subset of the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition. Alternatively, the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may different from the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition. Alternatively, the set of dedicated PRACH preambles for OCC-capable UE may replace the set of PRACH preambles dedicated to UEs capable of Msg3 repetition.
At 420, the UE selects one of the dedicated PRACH preambles and/or RO based on its OCC capability and transmits Msgl, including the PRACH preamble. At 430, the UE receives Msg2 which includes the RAR. Msg2 does not include an explicit configuration of the OCC sequence to be used by the UE for spreading Msg3 PUSCH. Rather, the Msg2 may include an OCC indication, such as a single bit, that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled.
In some examples, to communicate the OCC indication, the DCI format 1_0 of Msg2, which is scrambled based on RA-RNTI, includes bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled. The bit may be part of reserved or unused bits of the DCI format 1 0.
In some examples, a sub-header of a MAC RAR carried by PDSCH scheduled by the DCI format 1_0 includes a bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled. In some examples, the MAC RAR payload includes a bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled. In some examples, a new MAC RAR is configured with OCC information and this MAC RAR with OCC information includes a bit that indicates whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled. In yet other examples, a bit of a UL grant field in the MAC RAR is repurposed to indicate whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled. For example, one bit of the modulation coding scheme (MCS) field of the UL grant in the MAC RAR may be repurposed to indicate whether or not contention-based OCC spreading is enabled.
At 440, the UE transmits Msg3 PUSCH with OCC spreading based on a randomly selected OCC sequence and a selected OCC length. One or more candidate OCC lengths may be configured by network configuration in step 410. If a single candidate OCC length is configured in step 410, then the UE selects this OCC length. Ifmultiple candidate OCC lengths are configured, the UE may select one of the candidate OCC lengths. In some examples, the UE selects the OCC length based on a configured Msg3 PUSCH repetition number. For example, if Msg2 indicates that the Msg3 PUSCH repetition number is 2, then the UE may select an OCC
length of 2. More details related to OCC spreading of Msg3 PUSCH transmission are provided below with reference to FIGs. 6-8D.
At 450, the UE receives Msg4. Msg4 is configured by the network based on a detected OCC sequence for the Msg3 PUSCH. In some examples, Msg4 explicitly indicates the detected OCC sequence. The explicit indication may be in the payload of the DCI format 1_0 in Msg4 that schedules Msg4 PDSCH and is scrambled based on TC-RNTI. For example, bits in the Downlink Assignment Index field of the DCI format may be repurposed to carry the indication of the OCC sequence of the detected OCC sequence. In some examples, the indication of the detected OCC sequence is carried in the payload of the Msg4 PDSCH. This indication in the Msg3 PDSCH may be configured by way of a MAC CE or RRC configuration to include an explicit indication of the detected OCC sequence. Alternatively, the Msg3 PDSCH may be configured by way of a MAC CE or RRC configuration to indicated the UE's ID (e.g., TMSI, RRC Connection Resume ID0, or other ID) in Msg4. The UE ID serves as confirmation that the spread Msg3 PUSCH was decoded without collision with another UE Msg3 PUSCH. In other examples, the search space for Msg4 PDCCH (DCI) is dependent on the OCC sequence used to spread the Msg3 PUSCH. Ifno Msg4 PDCCH is detected, then the UE may assume that a collision has occurred.
At 460, the UE transmits Msg4 HARQ-ACK indicating that the detected OCC indicated through Msg4 matches the OCC selected at 440. If the detected OCC does not match the selected OCC, the UE may attempt another RACH process at 420.
Contention-based OCC for 2-Step RACH
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 500 that may be performed by a UE to transmit a RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading in a 2-step RACH process. The method includes, at 510, receiving network configuration that includes OCC configuration. The network configuration may be made by way of a system information block 1 (SIB1) or other SIBs. The OCC configuration may include an OCC length and an OCC spreading scheme (e.g., FD-OCC, intra-slot OCC, or inter-slot OCC) . The OCC configuration may also provide an association between certain PRACH preambles and/or ROs and OCC for RACH-related PUSCH. For example, certain of the PRACH preambles may be dedicated for use by UEs with the capability to perform OCC spreading of PRACH-related PUSCH. The OCC configuration may also include a set of candidate OCC sequences from which an OCC sequence will be selected or indicated.
At 520, the UE selects one of the dedicated PRACH preambles and/or RO and an OCC sequence. The UE may select the OCC sequence randomly from amongst configured
candidate OCC sequences or select an OCC associated by preconfiguration with the selected PRACH preamble ID. For example, the OCC sequence index may be derived based on (preamble ID) mod (configured OCC length) . The UE transmits MsgA including PUSCH spread based on the selected OCC sequence. More details related to OCC spreading ofMsgA PUSCH transmission are provided below with reference to FIGs. 6-8D.
At 530, the UE receives MsgB which includes a fallbackRAR or successRAR. MsgB may include an explicit indication of the detected OCC sequence in the MsgA PUSCH of 520. The explicit indication may indicate an OCC sequence identifier or index and/or an OCC length of the detected OCC sequence.
In some examples, to communicate the detected OCC configuration, the DCI format 1_0 of MsgB, which is scrambled based on MsgB-RNTI, includes bits encoding the detected OCC sequence identifier or index and/or the OCC sequence length. The bits may be part of reserved or unused bits of the DCI format 1 0.
In some examples, the DCI format 1_0 is scrambled based on a modified MsgB-RNTI. The MsgB-RNTI that was derived based on the RO is modified based on the detected OCC sequence. For example, the least significant bits (LSBs) or most significant bits (MSBs) of MsgB-RNTI may be XOR-ed with the detected OCC sequence. In this example, the UE will need to attempt to de-scramble the DCI 1_0 based on different possible MsgB-RNTIs corresponding to different candidate OCC sequences until being able to successfully decode the DCI and thereby identify the OCC sequence detected by the network.
In some examples, a sub-header of a MAC successRAR or fallbackRAR carried by physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the DCI format 1_0 includes one or more octets that carry the detected OCC information such as a sequence index 532 as shown by MAC successRAR sub-header 530' of FIG. 5A. In some examples, the MAC successRAR or fallback RAR payload includes one or more octets that carry detected OCC information. In some examples, a new MAC successRAR 530” is configured with detected OCC information 534 as shown in FIG. 5B (or new fallbackRAR not shown) . In yet other examples, bits of a UL grant field in the MAC successRAR or fallbackRAR are repurposed to indicate detected OCC information.
At 540, the UE transmits MsgB HARQ-ACK indicating that the detected OCC indicated in MsgB matches the OCC selected at 520. If the detected OCC does not match the selected OCC, the UE may attempt another RACH process at 420.
OCC for Msg3/MsgA Retransmissions
OCC information for PUSCH related to retransmissions of Msg3/MsgA may be separately indicated or selected by any of the above described techniques. Alternatively, an OCC sequence cycling technique may be used for spreading PUSCH for Msg3/MsgA retransmission in which a next OCC sequence in a configured ordered series of OCC sequences (e.g., based on ascending or descending index number) is used to spread the PUSCH. Alternatively, the same OCC sequence may be used for the PUSCH related to the initial Msg3/MsgA and any PUSCH related to retransmissions of Msg3/MsgA.
RACH-related PUSCH Transmission Spreading Mechanisms
When OCC spreading is used for RACH-related PUSCH (with or without repetitions) additional OFDM symbols or resource blocks (RBs) may be added based on the OCC. The OCC configuration by the network may indicate whether or not addition repetitions are to be added due to OCC.
When additional repetitions are not to be added based on the OCC, the number of RBs or OFDM symbols communicated in a transport block (TB) is reduced based on the length of the OCC sequence. For example, if the length of the OCC sequence is two, then halfas many RBs or OFDM symbols may be communicated in a TB due to the coding. FIG. 6 illustrates a slot in which OCC spreading based on an OCC sequence [1, -1] (of length 2) reduces the number of OFDM symbols that could be communicated without coding from 14 to 7. It can be seen that the slot includes, for each original OFDM symbol S (n) , a corresponding -S (n) . S (n) is the result of the first sequence value (1) multiplied by the original OFDM symbol. -S (n) is the result of the second sequence value (-1) multiplied by the original OFDM symbol. S2 and -S2 carry demodulation reference symbols (DMRS) and are placed near the beginning and end of the slot. A similar reduction in RBs occurs in FD-OCC without additional repetitions due to OCC.
In other examples, the number of OFDM symbols or RBs is increased by a factor of the length of the OCC sequence. The total number of repetitions of the PUSCH is equal to a number of configured repetitions *the OCC sequence length (e.g., 2 in the illustrated example) .
FIGs. 7A-7C illustrate various example coding mechanisms or conventions for handling repetitions and RV cycling in intra-slot OCC or FD-OCC, where the sequence values are applied on a per symbol or RB basis as illustrated in FIG. 6. The configured repetition number is 4 and the configured RV cycling sequence is 0, 2, 3, 1. In FIG. 7A, a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight (OCC length 2 *configured repetition number 4) OCC coded slots 710 based on repetition first, RV cycling second. In FIG. 7B, a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 720 based on RV cycling first, repetition second. In FIG. 7C, a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC
coded slots 730 based on repetition only, without RV cycling.
FIGs. 8A-8D illustrate various example coding mechanisms or conventions for handling configured repetitions and RV cycling in inter-slot OCC, where the sequence values are applied on a per slot basis (e.g., all symbols in the each slot have the same coding value applied) . The configured repetition is 2 and the configured RV cycling sequence is 0, 2, 3, 1. In FIG. 8A, a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 810 based on OCC spread first, RV cycling second. In FIG. 8B, a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 820 based on RV cycling first, OCC spread second. In FIG. 8C, a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 830 based on no RV cycling, OCC spread first, repetition second. In FIG. 8D, a RACH related PUSCH is spread to a sequence of eight OCC coded slots 840 based on no RV cycling, repetition first, OCC spread second.
FIG. 9 is a flow diagram outlining an example method 900 that may be performed by a base station to configure and/or receive RACH-related PUSCH transmission with OCC spreading. The method includes, at 910, transmitting an indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported. Any of the above techniques for indicated dedicated PRACH preambles or ROs for RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading may be used. At 920, the base station receives a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity (RO) . The PRACH preamble or RO indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions. The first RACH-related message may be, for example, Msg1 or MsgA PRACH. The method includes, at 930, receiving at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
Above are several flow diagrams outlining example methods and exchanges of messages. In this description and the appended claims, use of the term “determine” with reference to some entity (e.g., parameter, variable, and so on) in describing a method step or function is to be construed broadly. For example, “determine” is to be construed to encompass, for example, receiving and parsing a communication that encodes the entity or a value of an entity. “Determine” should be construed to encompass accessing and reading memory (e.g., lookup table, register, device memory, remote memory, and so on) that stores the entity or value for the entity. “Determine” should be construed to encompass computing or deriving the entity or value of the entity based on other quantities or entities. “Determine” should be construed to encompass any manner of deducing or identifying an entity or value of the entity.
As used herein, the term identify when used with reference to some entity or value of
an entity is to be construed broadly as encompassing any manner of determining the entity or value of the entity. For example, the term identify is to be construed to encompass, for example, receiving and parsing a communication that encodes the entity or a value of the entity. The term identify should be construed to encompass accessing and reading memory (e.g., device queue, lookup table, register, device memory, remote memory, and so on) that stores the entity or value for the entity.
As used herein, the term encode when used with reference to some entity or value of an entity is to be construed broadly as encompassing any manner or technique for generating a data sequence or signal that communicates the entity to another component.
As used herein, the term select when used with reference to some entity or value of an entity is to be construed broadly as encompassing any manner of determining the entity or value of the entity from amongst a plurality or range of possible choices. For example, the term select is to be construed to encompass accessing and reading memory (e.g., lookup table, register, device memory, remote memory, and so on) that stores the entities or values for the entity and returning one entity or entity value from amongst those stored. The term select is to be construed as applying one or more constraints or rules to an input set of parameters to determine an appropriate entity or entity value. The term select is to be construed as broadly encompassing any manner of choosing an entity based on one or more parameters or conditions.
As used herein, the term derive when used with reference to some entity or value of an entity is to be construed broadly. “Derive” should be construed to encompass accessing and reading memory (e.g., lookup table, register, device memory, remote memory, and so on) that stores some initial value or foundational values and performing processing and/or logical/mathematical operations on the value or values to generate the derived entity or value for the entity. The term derive should be construed to encompass computing or calculating the entity or value of the entity based on other quantities or entities. The term derive should be construed to encompass any manner of deducing or identifying an entity or value of the entity.
As used herein, the term indicate when used with reference to some entity (e.g., parameter or setting) or value of an entity is to be construed broadly as encompassing any manner of communicating the entity or value of the entity either explicitly or implicitly. For example, bits within a transmitted message may be used to explicitly encode an indicated value or may encode an index or other indicator that is mapped to the indicated value by prior configuration. The absence of a field within a message may implicitly indicate a value of an entity based on prior configuration.
Wireless Network and Device Overview
FIG. 10 is an example network 1000 according to one or more implementations described herein. Example network 1000 may include UEs 1010-1, 1010-2, etc. (referred to collectively as “UEs 1010” and individually as “UE 1010” ) , a radio access network (RAN) 1020, a core network (CN) 1030, application servers 1040, and external networks 1050. See also UEs 110 of FIG. 1)
The systems and devices of example network 1000 may operate in accordance with one or more communication standards, such as 2nd generation (2G) , 3rd generation (3G) , 4th generation (4G) (e.g., long-term evolution (LTE) ) , and/or 5th generation (5G) (e.g., new radio (NR) ) communication standards of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more of the systems and devices of example network 1000 may operate in accordance with other communication standards and protocols discussed herein, including future versions or generations of 3GPP standards (e.g., sixth generation (6G) standards, seventh generation (7G) standards, etc. ) , institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) standards (e.g., wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) , worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) , etc. ) , and more.
As shown, UEs 1010 may include smartphones (e.g., handheld touchscreen mobile computing devices connectable to one or more wireless communication networks) . Additionally, or alternatively, UEs 1010 may include other types of mobile or non-mobile computing devices capable of wireless communications, such as personal data assistants (PDAs) , pagers, laptop computers, desktop computers, wireless handsets, watches etc. In some implementations, UEs 1010 may include internet of things (IoT) devices (or IoT UEs) that may comprise a network access layer designed for low-power IoT applications utilizing short-lived UE connections. Additionally, or alternatively, an IoT UE may utilize one or more types of technologies, such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communications or machine-type communications (MTC) (e.g., to exchanging data with an MTC server or other device via a public land mobile network (PLMN) ) , proximity-based service (ProSe) or device-to-device (D2D) communications, sensor networks, IoT networks, and more. Depending on the scenario, an M2M or MTC exchange of data may be a machine-initiated exchange, and an IoT network may include interconnecting IoT UEs (which may include uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within an Internet infrastructure) with short-lived connections. In some scenarios, IoT UEs may execute background applications (e.g., keep-alive messages, status updates, etc. ) to facilitate the connections of the IoT network.
UEs 1010 may communicate with one another via one or more wireless channels 1012, each of which may comprise a physical communications interface /layer. The connection may include an M2M connection, MTC connection, D2D connection, SL connection, etc. The
connection may involve a PC5 interface, In some implementations, UEs 1010 may be configured to discover one another, negotiate wireless resources between one another, and establish connections between one another, without intervention or communications involving RAN node 1022 or another type of network node. In some implementations, discovery, authentication, resource negotiation, registration, etc., may involve communications with RAN node 1022 or another type of network node.
UEs 1010 may communicate and establish a connection with (e.g., be communicatively coupled) with RAN 1020, which may involve one or more wireless channels 1014-1 and 1014-2, each of which may comprise a physical communications interface /layer. UEs 1010 may use stored RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the UE 1010 to spread RACH-related PUSCH as described above with reference to FIGs. 1-8D.
As shown, UE 1010 may also, or alternatively, connect to access point (AP) 1016 via connection interface 1018, which may include an air interface enabling UE 1010 to communicatively couple with AP 1016. AP 1016 may comprise a wireless local area network (WLAN) , WLAN node, WLAN termination point, etc. The connection 1018 may comprise a local wireless connection, such as a connection consistent with any IEEE 702.11 protocol, and AP 1016 may comprise a wireless fidelity router or other AP. While not explicitly depicted in FIG. 10, AP 1016 may be connected to another network (e.g., the Internet) without connecting to RAN 1020 or CN 1030.
RAN 1020 may include one or more RAN nodes 1022-1 and 1022-2 (referred to collectively as RAN nodes 1022, and individually as RAN node 1022-see also BS 120, 220, and 720 of FIGs 1, 2A, and 7A, respectively) that enable channels 1014-1 and 1014-2 to be established between UEs 1010 and RAN 1020. RAN nodes 1022 may include network access points configured to provide radio baseband functions for data and/or voice connectivity between users and the network based on one or more of the communication technologies described herein (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, WiFi, etc. ) . As examples therefore, a RAN node may be an E-UTRAN Node B (e.g., an enhanced Node B, eNodeB, eNB, 4G base station, etc. ) , a next generation base station (e.g., a 5G base station, NR base station, next generation eNBs (gNB) , etc. ) . RAN nodes 1022 may include a roadside unit (RSU) , a transmission reception point (TRxP or TRP) , and one or more other types of ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) . In some scenarios, RAN node 1022 may be a dedicated physical device, such as a macrocell base station, and/or a low
power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or the like having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells.
RAN nodes can comprise ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell) . As described above, in some implementations, satellites 1060 may operate as bases stations with respect to UEs. As such, references herein to a base station, RAN node, etc., may involve implementations where the base station, RAN node, etc., is a terrestrial network node and also to implementation where the base station, RAN node, etc., is a non-terrestrial network node (e.g., satellite 1060) .
As described herein, a RAN node (e.g., base station) 1022 may store RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the RAN node to configure and decode spread RACH-related PUSCH as described above with reference to FIGs. 1-8D.
In some implementations, a downlink resource grid may be used for downlink transmissions from any of the RAN nodes 1022 to UEs 1010, and uplink transmissions may utilize similar techniques. The grid may be a time-frequency grid (e.g., a resource grid or time-frequency resource grid) that represents the physical resource for downlink in each slot. Such a time-frequency plane representation is a common practice for OFDM systems, which makes it intuitive for radio resource allocation. Each column and each row of the resource grid corresponds to one OFDM symbol and one OFDM subcarrier, respectively. The duration of the resource grid in the time domain corresponds to one slot in a radio frame. The smallest time-frequency unit in a resource grid is denoted as a resource element. Each resource grid comprises resource blocks, which describe the mapping of certain physical channels to resource elements. Each resource block may comprise a collection of resource elements (REs) ; in the frequency domain, this may represent the smallest quantity of resources that currently may be allocated. There are several different physical downlink channels that are conveyed using such resource blocks.
The RAN nodes 1022 may be configured to communicate with one another via interface 1023. In implementations where the system is an LTE system, interface 1023 may be an X2 interface. In NR systems, interface 1023 may be an Xn interface. The X2 interface may be defined between two or more RAN nodes 1022 (e.g., two or more eNBs /gNBs or a combination thereof) that connect to evolved packet core (EPC) or CN 1030, or between two eNBs connecting to an EPC.
As shown, RAN 1020 may be connected (e.g., communicatively coupled) to CN 1030. CN 1030 may comprise a plurality of network elements 1032, which are configured to
offer various data and telecommunications services to customers/subscribers (e.g., users of UEs 1010) who are connected to the CN 1030 via the RAN 1020. In some implementations, CN 1030 may include an evolved packet core (EPC) , a 5G CN, and/or one or more additional or alternative types of CNs. The components of the CN 1030 may be implemented in one physical node or separate physical nodes including components to read and execute instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium) . As described herein, the CN may store RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the CN to configure RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading as described above with reference to FIGs. 1-8D. As shown, CN 1030, application servers 1040, and external networks 1050 may be connected to one another via interfaces 1034, 1036, and 1038, which may include IP network interfaces.
FIG. 11 is a diagram of an example of components of a network device according to one or more implementations described herein. In some implementations, the device 1100 can include application circuitry 1102, baseband circuitry 1104, RF circuitry 1106, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 1108, one or more antennas 1110, and power management circuitry (PMC) 1112 coupled together at least as shown. The components of the illustrated device 1100 can be included in a UE or a RAN node. In some implementations, the device 1100 can include fewer elements (e.g., a RAN node may not utilize application circuitry 1102, and instead include a processor/controller to process IP data received from a CN or an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) ) . In some implementations, the device 1100 can include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor (including one or more temperature sensors, such as a single temperature sensor, a plurality of temperature sensors at different locations in device 1100, etc. ) , or input/output (I/O) interface. In other implementations, the components described below can be included in more than one device (e.g., said circuitries can be separately included in more than one device for Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) implementations) .
The application circuitry 1102 can include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry 1102 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor (s) can include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc. ) . The processors can be coupled with or can include memory/storage and can be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on the device 1100. In some implementations, processors of application circuitry 1102 can process IP data packets received from an EPC.
The baseband circuitry 1104 can include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or
more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 1104 can include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1106 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1106. Baseband circuity 1104 can interface with the application circuitry 1102 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 1106. For example, in some implementations, the baseband circuitry 1104 can include a 3G baseband processor 1104A, a 4G baseband processor 1104B, a 5G baseband processor 1104C, or other baseband processor (s) 1104D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., 5G, 6G, etc. ) .
The baseband circuitry 1104 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 1104A-D) can handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 1106. In other implementations, some or all of the functionality of baseband processors 1104A-D can be included in modules stored in the memory 1104G and executed via a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1104E. In some implementations, the baseband circuitry 1104 can include one or more audio digital signal processor (s) (DSP) 1104F.
In some implementations, memory 1104G may store RACH-related PUSCH with OCC spreading instructions and information that enable the device 1100 to transmit or receive RACH-related PUSCH spread using OCC.
RF circuitry 1106 can enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various implementations, the RF circuitry 1106 can include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 1106 can include a receive signal path which can include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1108 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 1104. RF circuitry 1106 can also include a transmit signal path which can include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 1104 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 1108 for transmission.
In some implementations, the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1106 can include mixer circuitry 1106A, amplifier circuitry 1106B and filter circuitry 1106C. In some implementations, the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1106 can include filter circuitry 1106C and mixer circuitry 1106A. RF circuitry 1106 can also include synthesizer circuitry 1106D for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1106A of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path.
Examples herein can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing
acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including executable instructions that, when performed by a machine or circuitry (e.g., a processor (e.g., processor, etc. ) with memory, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) , or the like) cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to implementations and examples described.
Examples
Example 1 is a baseband processor, configured to perform operations including receiving indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported; interfacing with a transceiver for transmitting a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity, wherein the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and interfacing with a transceiver for transmitting at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
Example 2 includes the subject matter of example 1, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to receive a system information block SIB that includes the indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH transmissions is supported.
Example 3 includes the subject matter of any of examples 1-2, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the indication includes information about an OCC size or an OCC spreading scheme and wherein the spreading scheme is one of intra-slot OCC, inter-slot OCC, and frequency-domain OCC.
Example 4 includes the subject matter of any of examples 1-3, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to receive configuration of a set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities (ROs) that are dedicated for user equipments (UEs) with capability to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and select the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity from the configured set.
Example 5 includes the subject matter of example 4, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the set of PRACH preambles or ROs is the same as a set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition, is a subset of the set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition, is unique from the set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with
capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition, or replaces the set of PRACH preambles or ROs that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition.
Example 6 includes the subject matter of any of examples 1-5, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to receive, in response to transmission of the PRACH preamble, a second RACH-related message indicating OCC information.
Example 7 includes the subject matter of example 6, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the OCC information includes an OCC sequence or OCC length for use in transmitting RACH-related PUSCH transmission and the baseband processor is configured to use the OCC sequence or OCC length for transmitting the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
Example 8 includes the subject matter of example 6, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the OCC information includes an indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH transmissions is acknowledged and the baseband processor is configured to randomly select an OCC sequence or OCC length from amongst configured OCC sequence or OCC lengths for transmitting the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
Example 9 includes the subject matter of example 6, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the second RACH-related message includes a downlink control information (DCI) format that indicates the OCC information, or the second RACH-related message is based on a modified random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) , wherein the modified RA-RNTI includes an RA-RANTI of a UE modified based on a selected OCC sequence, or the second RACH-related message includes a media access control (MAC) random access response (RAR) , a MAC successRAR, or a MAC fallbackRAR, wherein the MAC RAR, MAC successRAR, or fallbackRAR includes a sub-header, a payload, or an uplink grant field that indicates the OCC information, or the second RACH-related message indicates one or more respective OCC sequences for one or more respective retransmissions of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
Example 10 includes the subject matter of any of examples example 1-9, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to determine an OCC sequence based on the PRACH preamble, RO, temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (TC-RNTI) , or temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI) of a UE.
Example 11 includes the subject matter of any of examples example 1-10, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to select an OCC length based on a configured number of repetitions for the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
Example 10 includes the subject matter of any of examples example 1-11, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to transmit a retransmission of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission based on the same OCC sequence for the RACH-related PUSCH transmission, a next OCC sequence in a preconfigured series of OCC sequences, an OCC sequence indicated in a RACH-related message received from a base station, or a randomly selected OCC sequence.
Example 13 includes the subject matter of any of examples example 1-13, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to receive, in response to the RACH-related PUSCH transmission, a message that indicates receipt of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a detected OCC sequence; and transmit an acknowledgement message when the detected OCC sequence matches the selected OCC sequence.
Example 14 includes the subject matter of example 13, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the message includes a DCI format that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission having a payload that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a MAC-CE that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a radio resource control (RRC) message that indicates the detected OCC sequence, a MAC-CE that indicates a correct identifier of a UE, or an RRC message that indicates a correct identifier of a UE.
Example 15 includes the subject matter of example 13, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the baseband processor is configured to monitor a search space associated with the selected OCC sequence and communicate the acknowledgement in response to receiving a RACH-related message in the search space.
Example 16 is a user equipment (UE) , including a memory and one or more processors configured to, when executing instructions stored in the memory, cause the UE to: determine an orthogonal cover code (OCC) for use in transmitting RACH-related PUSCH transmissions, wherein the OCC includes a sequence and a length; and transmit at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on the OCC, wherein the OCC is applied across modulation symbols (FD-OCC) , orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbols in a slot (intra-slot OCC) , or consecutive slots (inter-slot OCC) .
Example 17 includes the subject matter of example 16, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to determine a transport block size based on an a reduced number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols, wherein the reduced number is a function of a number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols without OCC and the length of the OCC.
Example 18 includes the subject matter of example 16, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to determine a transport block size based on an increased number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols, wherein the increased number is a function of a number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols without OCC and the length of the OCC.
Example 19 includes the subject matter of example 18, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the one or more processors are configured to, for intra-slot OCC or FD-OCC, spread the RACH-related PUSCH transmission by applying the OCC sequence to resource blocks or OFDM symbols in a slot in a series of slots and, as between the consecutive slots, and applying repetition first, redundancy version second cycling second, applying redundancy cycling first, repetition second, or applying repetition without redundancy version cycling.
Example 20 includes the subject matter of example 18, including or omitting optional elements, wherein the one or more processors are configured to, for inter-slot OCC, spread the RACH-related PUSCH transmission by applying the OCC sequence to slots in a series of slots and, as between the consecutive slots, and applying OCC spreading first, redundancy version second cycling second, applying redundancy cycling first, OCC spreading second, applying OCC spreading first, repetition second, without redundancy version cycling, or applying repetition first, OCC spreading second, without redundancy version cycling.
Example 21 is a baseband processor, configured to perform operations including instructing a transceiver to transmit an indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported; receiving a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity, wherein the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; and receiving at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
Example 22 is a base station, including a memory and one or more processors configured to, when executing instructions stored in the memory, cause the base station to determine an orthogonal cover code (OCC) for use in receiving RACH-related PUSCH transmissions, wherein the OCC includes a sequence and a length; and receive at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on the OCC, wherein the OCC is applied across modulation symbols (FD-OCC) , orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbols in a slot (intra-slot OCC) , or consecutive slots (inter-slot OCC) .
Example 23 is a method that includes functions corresponding to the operations
performed by the baseband processor or one or more processors of examples 1-22.
Example 24 is an apparatus that includes means for performing functions corresponding to the operations performed by the baseband processor or one or more processors of examples 1-22.
Example 25 is a UE including the baseband processor of examples 16-20.
The above description of illustrated examples, implementations, aspects, etc., of the subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed aspects to the precise forms disclosed. While specific examples, implementations, aspects, etc., are described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of such examples, implementations, aspects, etc., as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.
While the methods are illustrated and described above as a series of acts or events, it will be appreciated that the illustrated ordering of such acts or events are not to be interpreted in a limiting sense. For example, some acts may occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts or events apart from those illustrated and/or described herein. In addition, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement one or more aspects or embodiments of the disclosure herein. Also, one or more of the acts depicted herein may be carried out in one or more separate acts and/or phases. In some embodiments, the methods illustrated above may be implemented in a computer readable medium using instructions stored in a memory. Many other embodiments and variations are possible within the scope of the claimed disclosure.
The term “couple” is used throughout the specification. The term may cover connections, communications, or signal paths that enable a functional relationship consistent with the description of the present disclosure. For example, if device A generates a signal to control device B to perform an action, in a first example device A is coupled to device B, or in a second example device A is coupled to device B through intervening component C if intervening component C does not substantially alter the functional relationship between device A and device B such that device B is controlled by device A via the control signal generated by device A.
It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
Claims (21)
- A baseband processor, configured to perform operations comprising:receiving indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported;interfacing with a transceiver for transmitting a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity, wherein the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; andinterfacing with a transceiver for transmitting at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, configured to receive a system information block SIB that includes the indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH transmissions is supported.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, wherein the indication includes information about an OCC size or an OCC spreading scheme and wherein the spreading scheme is one of intra-slot OCC, inter-slot OCC, and frequency-domain OCC.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, configured toreceive configuration of a set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities that are dedicated for user equipments (UEs) with capability to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; andselect the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity from the configured set.
- The baseband processor of claim 4, wherein the set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunitiesis the same as a set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition,is a subset of the set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition,is unique from the set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition, orreplaces the set of PRACH preambles or RACH opportunities that are dedicated for UEs with capability to transmit RACH-related PUSCH transmission with repetition.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, configured to receive, in response to transmission of the PRACH preamble, a second RACH-related message indicating OCC information.
- The baseband processor of claim 6, wherein the OCC information comprises an OCC sequence or OCC length for use in transmitting RACH-related PUSCH transmission and the baseband processor is configured to use the OCC sequence or OCC length for transmitting the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
- The baseband processor of claim 6, wherein the OCC information comprises an indication that OCC spreading for RACH-related PUSCH transmissions is acknowledged and the baseband processor is configured to randomly select an OCC sequence or OCC length from amongst configured OCC sequence or OCC lengths for transmitting the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
- The baseband processor of claim 6, whereinthe second RACH-related message includes a downlink control information (DCI) format that indicates the OCC information, orthe second RACH-related message is based on a modified random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) , wherein the modified RA-RNTI comprises an RA-RANTI of a UE modified based on a selected OCC sequence, orthe second RACH-related message includes a media access control (MAC) random access response (RAR) , a MAC successRAR, or a MAC fallbackRAR, wherein the MAC RAR, MAC successRAR, or fallbackRAR includes a sub-header, a payload, or an uplink grant field that indicates the OCC information,or the second RACH-related message indicates one or more respective OCC sequences for one or more respective retransmissions of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, configured to determine an OCC sequence based on the PRACH preamble, RO, temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (TC-RNTI) , or temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI) of a UE.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, configured to select an OCC length based on a configured number of repetitions for the RACH-related PUSCH transmission.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, configured to interface with a transceiver for transmitting a retransmission of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission based onthe same OCC sequence for the RACH-related PUSCH transmission,a next OCC sequence in a preconfigured series of OCC sequences,an OCC sequence indicated in a RACH-related message received from a base station, ora randomly selected OCC sequence.
- The baseband processor of claim 1, configured toreceive, in response to the RACH-related PUSCH transmission, a message that indicates receipt of the RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a detected OCC sequence; andinterface with a transceiver for transmitting an acknowledgement message when the detected OCC sequence matches the selected OCC sequence.
- The baseband processor of claim 13, wherein the message comprisesa DCI format that indicates the detected OCC sequence,a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission having a payload that indicates the detected OCC sequence,a MAC-CE that indicates the detected OCC sequence,a radio resource control (RRC) message that indicates the detected OCC sequence,a MAC-CE that indicates a correct identifier of a UE, oran RRC message that indicates a correct identifier of a UE.
- The baseband processor of claim 13, configured to monitor a search space associated with the selected OCC sequence and communicate the acknowledgement in response to receiving a RACH-related message in the search space.
- A user equipment (UE) , comprising a memory and one or more processors configured to, when executing instructions stored in the memory, cause the UE to:determine an orthogonal cover code (OCC) for use in transmitting RACH-related PUSCH transmissions, wherein the OCC includes a sequence and a length; andtransmit at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on the OCC, wherein the OCC is applied across modulation symbols (FD-OCC) , orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbols in a slot (intra-slot OCC) , or consecutive slots (inter-slot OCC) .
- The UE of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to determine a transport block size based on an a reduced number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols, wherein the reduced number is a function of a number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols without OCC and the length of the OCC.
- The UE of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to determine a transport block size based on an increased number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols, wherein the increased number is a function of a number of resource blocks or OFDM symbols without OCC and the length of the OCC.
- The UE of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are configured to, for intra-slot OCC or FD-OCC, spread the RACH-related PUSCH transmission byapplying the OCC sequence to resource blocks or OFDM symbols in a slot in a series of slots and, as between the consecutive slots, andapplying repetition first, redundancy version second cycling second,applying redundancy cycling first, repetition second, orapplying repetition without redundancy version cycling.
- The UE of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are configured to, for inter-slot OCC, spread the RACH-related PUSCH transmission byapplying the OCC sequence to slots in a series of slots and, as between the consecutive slots, andapplying OCC spreading first, redundancy version second cycling second,applying redundancy cycling first, OCC spreading second,applying OCC spreading first, repetition second, without redundancy version cycling, orapplying repetition first, OCC spreading second, without redundancy version cycling.
- A baseband processor, configured to perform operations comprising:instructing a transceiver to transmit an indication that orthogonal cover code (OCC) spreading for random access channel (RACH) related physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmissions is supported;receiving a first RACH-related message based on a PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity, wherein the PRACH preamble or RACH opportunity indicates that a user equipment (UE) intends to apply OCC spreading to RACH-related PUSCH transmissions; andreceiving at least one RACH-related PUSCH transmission spread based on a selected OCC.
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