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WO2025151681A1 - Étiquettes électroniques de rayon à alimentation photovoltaïque - Google Patents

Étiquettes électroniques de rayon à alimentation photovoltaïque

Info

Publication number
WO2025151681A1
WO2025151681A1 PCT/US2025/011004 US2025011004W WO2025151681A1 WO 2025151681 A1 WO2025151681 A1 WO 2025151681A1 US 2025011004 W US2025011004 W US 2025011004W WO 2025151681 A1 WO2025151681 A1 WO 2025151681A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
translucent
light
frontside
display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/US2025/011004
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Colin Owen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ambient Photonics Inc
Original Assignee
Ambient Photonics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ambient Photonics Inc filed Critical Ambient Photonics Inc
Publication of WO2025151681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025151681A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
    • H01G9/2004—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
    • H01G9/2018—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte characterised by the ionic charge transport species, e.g. redox shuttles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F27/00—Combined visual and audible advertising or displaying, e.g. for public address
    • G09F27/007—Displays with power supply provided by solar cells or photocells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/08—Fastening or securing by means not forming part of the material of the label itself
    • G09F3/18—Casings, frames or enclosures for labels
    • G09F3/20—Casings, frames or enclosures for labels for adjustable, removable, or interchangeable labels
    • G09F3/208—Electronic labels, Labels integrating electronic displays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
    • H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
    • H10F10/14—Photovoltaic cells having only PN homojunction potential barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means

Definitions

  • Certain aspects generally pertain to electronic signs that integrate at least one energy harvesting element such as a photovoltaic cell.
  • Electronic devices can consume a significant amount of power. Many electronic devices, especially those that are portable, rely on battery power. Traditional batteries are disposable devices that contain harmful chemicals. Rechargeable batteries might be considered an environmentally friendlier alternative in certain respects, and some electronic devices have an integrated rechargeable battery that is not user replaceable.
  • the rechargeable battery may be charged through a wired interface or may be charged wirelessly.
  • a photovoltaic cell is an example of an energy harvesting element that can be used as a fully integrated charging solution that does not rely on an external charging device.
  • an ESL device includes a housing having a translucent backside element and a frontside window element, a display arrangement within the housing, and a photovoltaic element housed within the housing between the translucent backside element and the display arrangement.
  • the display arrangement includes a circuit board (e.g., a printed circuit board (PCB)) and a display element configured to display information viewable through a translucent portion of the frontside window element.
  • the photovoltaic element is configured to generate electrical power for powering the ESL device based on light received from an external environment.
  • an digital signage device includes a first housing comprising a first translucent element and a second translucent element, a plurality of photovoltaic cells housed within the first housing between the first translucent element and the second translucent element, a second housing comprising a frontside window element, and a display arrangement housed within the second housing.
  • the photovoltaic cells are configured to generate electrical power for powering the digital signage device based on light received from an exterior environment.
  • the display arrangement comprising a circuit board and an electronic display configured to display information viewable through a translucent portion of the frontside window element.
  • Some techniques disclosed herein may be practiced with a processor-implemented method, a system comprising one or more processors and one or more processor-readable media, and/or one or more non-transitory processor-readable media.
  • Figure 1 depicts an exploded view of an example of components of an electronic shelf label device 100, according to certain embodiments.
  • Figure 2A depicts front and side views of electronic shelf label device of Figure 1.
  • Figure 2B depicts a back view of electronic shelf label device of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3B depicts another perspective view of the example of the electronic shelf label device in Figure 3A, according to certain embodiments.
  • Figure 4A depicts a back view of components of electronic shelf label device of Figures 3A-3C.
  • Figure 7B depicts a cross-sectional view of components of the electronic shelf label device of Figures 6 A and 6B.
  • Figure 8A depicts an isometric view of an example of a digital signage device with integrated photovoltaic cells in a housing at a first angle, according to certain embodiments.
  • Figure 8B depicts an isometric view of an example of the digital signage device in Figure 8A with the housing at a second angle.
  • Figure 8C depicts an isometric view of an example of the digital signage device in Figure 8A with the housing at a third angle.
  • Figure 8D depicts an isometric view of an example of the digital signage device in Figure 8A with the housing at a fourth angle.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the general architecture of a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell, according to embodiments.
  • Figure 10 depicts a cross section of an example of a bifacial photovoltaic cell, according to embodiments.
  • Figure 11 depicts a cross section of an alternate embodiment of a bifacial photovoltaic cell, according to embodiments.
  • Figure 12 is a simplified block diagram of an energy harvesting system, according to embodiments.
  • ESLs electronic shelf labels
  • digital signage that are powered by integrated energy harvesting elements.
  • An energy harvesting element may be, for example, a photovoltaic cell configured to generate electricity from light via the photoelectric effect.
  • ESLs electronic shelf labels
  • These electronic signs may be powered by integrated energy harvesting elements without requiring battery power or other energy source.
  • Electronic signs powered by integrated energy harvesting elements such as photovoltaic cells may allow for continuous and indefinitely long operation without battery recharging, replacement, and waste.
  • An electronic shelf label is a device having an electronic display that can display product and/or price information (sometimes collectively referred to herein as “display information”).
  • display information include images of a product or products, product identification codes (e.g., quick response (QR) codes, barcodes, etc.), product descriptors, sale announcements and other messages.
  • the electronic shelf label is placed on or near a shelf, bin, or other structure upon which, or within which, a product may be located.
  • Certain embodiments pertain to electronic shelf labels (ESLs) powered by integrated photovoltaic (PV) cells.
  • ESLs electronic shelf labels
  • PV photovoltaic
  • These photovoltaic-powered electronic shelf labels include an electronic display (e.g., an electronic screen) and a frontside window element through which information on the electronic display can be viewed.
  • the photovoltaic-powered electronic shelf labels also include a photovoltaic cell for harvesting ambient light to power the ESL and a translucent backside element that allows transmission of light from an exterior environment to the photovoltaic cell.
  • the photovoltaic cell is located between the translucent backside case and the electronic display. In some cases, the photovoltaic cell is sloped at an angle with respect to the frontside window element to enhance light collection.
  • ESLs may be manufactured in various sizes, which are often characterized by the size of the electronic display as measured along its diagonal.
  • Example display sizes along the diagonal include 1.54 inches, 2.13 inches, 2.66 inches, 2.9 inches, 3.7 inches, 4.2 inches, and 7.5 inches.
  • a battery-operated 2.9-inch screen averaging four updates per day may have, for example, a lifespan of about two years and requires a case with mechanical fasteners for battery replacement.
  • photovoltaic cells described in Section II can provide a total amount of power for powering operations of an ESL and also fit within a typical ESL packaging.
  • a 3.25 cm 2 bifacial photovoltaic cell under nominal retail lighting of about 600 lux can provide battery-free operation at four updates per day for ESLs described herein having display sizes ranging from 1.54 inches to 7.5 inches.
  • nominal retail lighting may be in a range between 500 lux and 600 lux.
  • Typical retail grocery lighting per ANSI IES RP 2-20 is 600 lx at floor, and 1500 lx at displays.
  • Illuminating Engineering Society (IES), OSHA and the state of California require a minimum floor level illumination of 500 lx for grocery retail locations. These and other trade organizations advise higher illumination ranges for eye level shelf positions and featured items (up to 1.5 klx).
  • Certain photovoltaic-powered ESLs described herein include a PV cell disposed behind the electronic display. While this allows the ESL to have the same area and total thickness as battery-operated ESLs, the sign (front) portion of the display and the PV cell compete for light exposure, creating a challenge for light collection.
  • the ESLs may include one or more features that may enhance light collection: the use of a clear back housing, a back-facing PV cell, a bifacial PV cell, a PV cell disposed at a non- vertical angle with the housing, a white or mirrored plate disposed between the circuit board and the PV cell, a display arrangement including a PCB-mounted display having a backside mirror finish material to reflect light back to the PV cell, and a window.
  • Digital signage is a device having an electronic display for displaying digital content such videos, images, and/or text. In some cases, digital signage can deliver dynamic content. Certain embodiments described herein pertain to digital signage powered by integrated photovoltaic (PV) cells.
  • the photovoltaic powered digital signage includes an electronic display and a frontside window element through which display information on the electronic display can be viewed.
  • the photovoltaic-powered digital signage also includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells for harvesting ambient light to power the ESL and a translucent backside element that allows transmission of light from an exterior environment to the photovoltaic cell. In these embodiments, the PV cell(s) are located adjacent the electronic display.
  • Using photovoltaic cells can afford the ability to use less carbon footprint intensive alternatives to batteries.
  • the resulting “battery-free” electronic signs may be indefinitely powered without battery recharging or replacement.
  • electronic signs described herein may include other energy storage elements such as capacitors to store energy generated by the energy harvesting elements or as an alternative or supplemental energy source.
  • the frontside window element includes a translucent portion (sometimes referred to herein as a “window”) through which at least a portion of the electronic display within the housing can be viewed by an observer from a vantage point outside the frontside of the electronic sign.
  • the frontside window element may also include an opaque portion along at least a portion of the perimeter edge that can obscure from view components within the housing such as wiring.
  • the opaque portion may have any suitable width.
  • the opaque portion (border) may be a band between 5mm and 10mm wide.
  • the frontside window element is a translucent cover (e.g., clear plastic covering) with back painting of an opaque material.
  • a clear optical cover of an opaque material e.g., ABS, polycarbonate, or PMMA, and Nylon
  • the back painting provides a visual barrier from viewing, e.g., device internals.
  • the back painting can be a mask, a smaller window in an opaque housing, an inserted piece of opaque material, etc.
  • the frontside window element may include a simple cutout.
  • the frontside window element may include an opaque sheet of material with a cutout forming the translucent portion and with a strip of remaining opaque material at the edge perimeter forming the opaque portion.
  • the translucent backside element has a translucent wall at the backside that can pass light from the external environment.
  • the photovoltaic element may be placed in contact with, or adjacent to, the translucent wall to allow transmission of light received from the external environment a light facing surface of the photovoltaic element at or near the backside of the electronic sign.
  • the translucent backside element includes one or more positioning elements (e.g., translucent sloped wall) for receiving the photovoltaic cell and maintaining the photovoltaic cell (e.g., bifacial photovoltaic cell) at a distance away (gap) from the electronic display arrangement within the housing and/or at an angle relative to an outer surface of the frontside window element and to the circuit board.
  • the photovoltaic element may be attached to a positioning element using, for example, an adhesive material bond.
  • light may be harvested from both the anode side surface (e.g., first light facing surface 138 in Figure 1 and first light facing surface 638 in Figure 5) and cathode side surface (e.g., second light facing surface 139 in Figure 1 and second light facing surface 639 in Figure 5).
  • the gap between the photovoltaic element and the electronic display arrangement allows light from the exterior environment to pass through the translucent portion of the housing to the frontside facing surface of the photovoltaic element and/or to one or more reflective surfaces (e.g., backside facing surface having reflective material 149 in Figure 1 or reflective material 549 in Figure 5) which can reflect the light to the frontside facing surface of the photovoltaic element.
  • Figure 4B and Figure 7B illustrate example light paths of the light passing through the translucent backside elements to the frontside facing surface of a bifacial photovoltaic element.
  • the anode side of the integrated bifacial photovoltaic cell may face the backside of the housing. This back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell can harvest light at its anode side more efficiently than at the opposing cathode side and can advantageously harvest higher photon propagation received at the backside of the housing.
  • Photovoltaic cells are typically most efficient at harvesting light that impinges their photo voltaically active areas at a direction normal to these areas.
  • electronic signs such as the ESL 600 shown in Figure 7B have a translucent backside element with a sloped translucent wall that is disposed an angle relative to an outer surface of the frontside window element and to the circuit board.
  • the photovoltaic element may be placed in contact with or otherwise disposed on the sloped wall to position photovoltaic element at the angle (e.g., angle (e) 608 in Figure 7B) relative to an outer surface (e.g., outer surface 625 in Figure 7B) relative of the frontside window element and to the circuit board.
  • the PV cell In this position, the PV cell is non-parallel to that of the circuit board and the frontside window element.
  • This angled (non-parallel) position may allow for increased light collection (e.g., greater angle of acceptance) from light passing through the upward portion of the translucent backside element of the housing of the electronic sign as compared to a photovoltaic element that is in a parallel position (e.g., photovoltaic element 330 in Figure 4B).
  • This angled (non-parallel) position also allows for light to pass to the frontside facing surface of the photovoltaic element at a less oblique angle (closer to normal) than with a photovoltaic element that is parallel to the outer surface of the frontside window element such as with the electronic shelf label device 300 shown in Figure 4B.
  • the angle may vary for different total thicknesses of electronic shelf label devices.
  • electronic shelf label device 600 shown in Figure 7B has a total thickness, ttotai, that is no more than 12.50 mm and the photovoltaic element 630 is at an angle, e, of about 15 degrees from vertical defined at outer surface 625 of frontside window element 620.
  • the angle may be in a range between 5 degrees and 45 degrees. Some examples of angles include 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15, degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees, and 45 degrees.
  • the angle may be in a ranges between 1 - 40 degrees, between 1 - 35 degrees, between 1 - 30 degrees, between 1 - 25 degrees, between 1 - 20 degrees, between 1 - 15 degrees, between 1 - 10 degrees, and between 1 - 5 degrees from vertical defined at outer surface of frontside window element. These example ranges are inclusive of endpoints.
  • an ESL may be configured for attachment to a structure (e.g., a shelf, a bin, a box, a table, a rack, a wall, a hook (e.g., J-hook), a hanger, etc.) upon which, or within which, a product may be located or to a nearby structure.
  • a structure e.g., a shelf, a bin, a box, a table, a rack, a wall, a hook (e.g., J-hook), a hanger, etc.) upon which, or within which, a product may be located or to a nearby structure.
  • the ESL may be attached to a front edge of a store shelf or bin.
  • the ESL may include a structural component integral to its housing such as a lip element that may fit over mating edge to secure the ESL to a structure.
  • the ESL may include a separate component such as a clip, a hook, other mechanical fastener, or an adhesive mount that can be used to
  • an electronic sign such as an ESL includes a display arrangement with a circuit board (e.g., printed circuit board (PCB)) having circuitry installed on or placed on a substrate.
  • the circuitry includes control circuitry configured to control operations of the electronic sign.
  • the circuitry may include a logic circuit for controlling the display of the information on the electronic display and for updating the display information.
  • the circuitry may include an RF antenna to receive signals for programming the display.
  • the circuitry may include energy management and storage elements to manage any uneven power that may be gathered from the exterior environment, then change that to a regulated source suitable for consumption by the device.
  • the electronic display element (e.g., one or more layers of electronic ink) may be disposed directly on a surface of a printed circuit board (also referred to herein as a “PCB-mounted display”). In other cases, the electronic display element may be disposed on another substrate and the electronic display element is in electronic communication with the circuitry on the circuit board.
  • a printed circuit board also referred to herein as a “PCB-mounted display”.
  • the electronic display element may be disposed on another substrate and the electronic display element is in electronic communication with the circuitry on the circuit board.
  • the circuit board includes a reflective finish on its outer surface facing the backside of the electronic sign (backside facing surface) that can reflect light from the external environment through a gap between the display arrangement and the photovoltaic element to the backside facing surface of the photovoltaic element.
  • the reflective finish may include a reflective material (e.g., reflective material 149 in Figure 1 reflective material 549 in Figure 5) coated to at least a portion of the backside facing surface of the circuit board.
  • reflective materials that can be used include metalized plastics such as PMMA, ABS, or Polycarbonate.
  • the circuit board may have reflective finish in its natural state without a coating of a reflective material.
  • the electronic sign may include a separate white, mirrored, or otherwise reflective plate between the circuit board and the photovoltaic element that can reflect light from the external environment through the translucent backside element to the backside facing surface of the photovoltaic element.
  • the separate plate may be a plate of reflective material or may be a thin substrate with one or more reflective materials coated thereon.
  • reflective materials include metalized plastic such as PMMA, polycarbonate, or ABS.
  • the plate may have any suitable thickness. For example, the thickness of the plate may be in a range of range between 0.5 mm and 2.00 mm.
  • the electronic signs may receive communication signals from an external device with updated display information and other control instructions for updating the display information to an updated display state. These communication signals are sometimes referred to herein as “update signals” or “updates.”
  • the updates may be received on any appropriate basis such as, for example, one time per day, two times per day, three times per day, four times per day, etc.
  • an ESL receives at least four updates each day with updated display information.
  • the external device may be a base station, a mobile device (e.g. a mobile device with a radio frequency (RF) transmitter), etc.
  • the external device may be operated by a retailer in order to create and transmit updated display information with new price and product information for updating the display state of an ESL.
  • the display information may be stored in memory such as a buffer prior to updating the display state.
  • electronic signs may include a receiving element (e.g., electrically conductive antenna element 148 in Figure 1 and electrically conductive antenna element 548 in Figure 5) that can wirelessly receive the update signals from the external device.
  • a receiving element e.g., electrically conductive antenna element 148 in Figure 1 and electrically conductive antenna element 548 in Figure 5
  • the receiving element is an electrically conductive antenna element such a radio frequency antenna that can receive the updated signals via electromagnetic induction.
  • the RF antenna may be a short-range radio antenna capable of receiving data from a distance of less than about 12 inches, less than about 10 feet, or less than about 100 feet.
  • receiver elements include an infrared (IR) sensor, an audio sensor, and other devices that can wirelessly receive the update signals.
  • the receiving element may be disposed on any suitable component of the electronic sign such as on the display arrangement, on the translucent backside element, etc. Typically, the receiving element is located to minimize interference. In one example, the receiver element may be located on an outer surface of the frontside window element.
  • the electronic sign may, in addition or alternatively, include a communication port (e.g., USB port, ethernet port, etc.) for electrically connecting to the external device to receive the update signals via a wired format.
  • a communication port e.g., USB port, ethernet port, etc.
  • the display arrangement includes a display element (sometimes also referred to herein as an electronic display or electronic screen) that uses digital display technology such as electronic ink, light-emitting diode (LED), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc.
  • a display element sometimes also referred to herein as an electronic display or electronic screen
  • digital display technology such as electronic ink, light-emitting diode (LED), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc.
  • the display element is shown in various illustrated examples as being flat, according to other implementations, the display element may be curved.
  • the display element may be rectangular in shape and have various suitable sizes. Some examples of rectangular display element sizes along the diagonal include 1.54 inches, 2.13 inches, 2.66 inches, 2.9 inches, 3.7 inches, 4.2 inches, and 7.5 inches. In some cases, the diagonal of a rectangular display element may be in a range of 1.54 inches and 7.5 inches.
  • a rectangular display element has a width and a length.
  • Photovoltaic elements integrated into electronic signs can function as energy harvesting elements to power operations of the electronic signs such as updating the display information.
  • the photovoltaic elements may include a single photovoltaic cell (e.g., bifacial photovoltaic cell
  • the photovoltaic cell is a thin-film solar cell.
  • Thin- film solar cells are typically formed through depositing one or more layers (thin films) of photovoltaic material onto a substrate, using semiconductor device manufacturing methods.
  • Thin-film solar cells include dye- sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), also referred to as dye- sensitized photovoltaic cells.
  • a bifacial photovoltaic cell may be two monofacial photovoltaic cells (i.e., photovoltaic cells that harvest from one face) placed back-to-back to allow for harvesting of photons received from an outer side of each of the back- to-back cells.
  • monofacial photovoltaic cells i.e., photovoltaic cells that harvest from one face
  • photovoltaic cells that can be implemented into electronic signs are described in Section II.
  • the photovoltaic cell of various implementations can capture photons and generate energy from ambient light of various sources such as, for example, LED light, compact fluorescent light, incandescent light, sunlight from interior side of a window, etc.
  • a photovoltaic cell has a photovoltaically active area (e.g., photo voltaically active area
  • the photovoltaically active area 133 may have a width of 17.50 mmm and a length of 64.50 mm such that the size of the photovoltaically active area 133 is about 11.30 cm 2 .
  • the photovoltaically active area may have a width of 13.00 mm and a length of 79.00 mm such that the size of the photovoltaically active area is about 10.30 cm 2 .
  • the photovoltaically active area is in a range between 10 cm 2 and 14 cm 2 . Nominal lighting in a retail establishment may be in range between 500 lux and 600 lux.
  • the bifacial photovoltaic cell generally has a photovoltaically active area disposed between two substrates (e.g., glass sheets).
  • Figure 1 depicts an exploded view of an example of an electronic shelf label device 100, according to certain embodiments.
  • Figure 2A depicts front and side views of electronic shelf label device 100 of Figure 1.
  • Figure 2B depicts a back view of electronic shelf label device 100 of Figure 1.
  • Electronic shelf label device 100 has a frontside 102 and a backside 103, and includes a housing 101 having a translucent backside element 110 (sometimes referred to herein as a “clear back case”) and a frontside window element 120.
  • the translucent backside element 110 may be formed of molded plastic.
  • Electronic shelf label device 100 also includes a photovoltaic element 130 including an integrated back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132 and display arrangement 140 (sometimes referred to herein as a “display module”) including an electronic display element 142, both housed within housing 101.
  • the back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132 includes a first light facing surface 138 and a second light facing surface 139.
  • Both first and second light facing surfaces 138, 139 can harvest light.
  • the integrated back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132 is “back-facing” in that it is positioned to have its anode-side (at first light facing surface 138) facing the backside 103 of the electronic shelf label device 100.
  • Electronic shelf label device 100 also includes one or more electrical connectors between photovoltaic element 130 and display arrangement 140.
  • the translucent backside element 110 is used to allow light transmission from an exterior environment 109 to back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132 within the housing 101.
  • light may pass from the exterior environment 109 through a translucent wall 113 of the translucent backside element 110 at the backside 103 to the first light facing surface 138 (anode-side) of back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132.
  • Translucent backside element 110 also includes a positioning arrangement 112 that can position photovoltaic element 130 at a distance away from display arrangement 140 forming a gap (e.g., gap 318 in Figure 4B) therebetween through which light from the exterior environment 109 may pass to the second light facing surface 139 (cathode-side) of the back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132.
  • the positioning arrangement 112 includes a translucent wall 113, a first flange 114 extending from one edge of translucent wall 113, and second flange 115 extending from an opposing edge of translucent wall 113.
  • the outer surface 125 of the frontside window element 120 is generally rectangular with dimensions of length, lf ront , and width, Wf 1O nt.
  • the translucent backside element 110 also includes a lip 119 that can fit over a mating edge of a structure such as a shelf edge to be able to attach the electronic shelf label device 100 to the structure.
  • the electronic shelf label device 100 has a total thickness, ttotai, between outer surface 125 of frontside window element 120 and an outer backside surface of translucent backside element 110.
  • the translucent portion may be formed using various techniques.
  • frontside window element may include an opaque plate with a cutout forming the translucent portion.
  • frontside window element may include a transparent plate with an opaque material (e.g., Polycarbonate, ABS, or PMMA) coated thereon at the perimeter forming the opaque portion.
  • the translucent backside element and frontside window element of the electronic shelf label device form the housing of the electronic shelf label device.
  • the translucent backside element and the frontside window element may be sealed together to seal the housing (e.g., with adhesive bond) without using mechanical fasteners. Because the integrated photovoltaic cell within the housing may be able to operate indefinitely without replacement or recharging, the electronic shelf label device may be manufactured to seal the housing without the need of mechanical fasteners or others means of opening and closing the housing.
  • the display arrangement 140 includes a printed circuit board (PCB) 141 and an electronic display element 142 having one or more layers of electronic ink coated on a frontside facing surface (e.g., frontside facing surface 347 in Figure 4B) of the PCB 141, for example, using appropriate binders such as polyvinyl chlorides (PVCs), urethanes, and silicone binders.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • electronic display element 142 is a rectangular display element with a size along its diagonal of 2.9 inches. In other implementations, other display sizes can be used.
  • electronic display element 142 may be able to form a full color display (e.g., 24-bit color).
  • electronic display element 142 may be able to form a multi-color display such as a red, black, and white display, a black and white display, etc.
  • Printed circuit board (PCB) 141 includes circuitry including control circuitry for controlling functions of electronic shelf label device 100 including updating display states on electronic display element 142.
  • Printed circuit board (PCB) 141 also includes a backside facing surface having reflective material 149 with a mirror or other reflective finish to reflect light received from the exterior environment 109 through the gap between the display arrangement 140 and the photovoltaic element 130 to the second light facing surface 139 of back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132.
  • the back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 132 typically has a photovoltaically active area 133 disposed between two substrates (e.g., glass sheets).
  • Photovoltaically active area 133 has a length, l ac tive, of 64.5 mm and a width, w ac tive, of 17.5 mm.
  • the size of the photovoltaically active area 133 is about 1 1 .3 cm 2 based on the dimensions of 64.5 mm x 17.5 mm. In other implementations, other dimensions may be used.
  • the photovoltaic element 130 can receive light at first light facing surface 138 and/or second light facing surface 139 from exterior environment 309 through translucent backside element 110 and generate electric power from light collected. Electric power generated by photovoltaic element 130 can be used to power operations of electronic shelf label device 100 such as updating display states to update display information 143.
  • a plane formed by the xi axis and yi axis at the first light facing surface 138 of the photovoltaic element 130 is parallel to a plane formed by the X2 axis and y2 axis at the outer surface 225 of the translucent backside element 110.
  • the gap between the translucent backside element 110 and the display arrangement 140 allows light received through the translucent backside element 110 at the gap to pass directly to the second light facing surface 139 of the photovoltaic element 130 or to reflective material 149 or other reflective surfaces to be reflected to the second light facing surface 139.
  • the electronic shelf label device 100 in Figures 1-2B, the electronic shelf label device 300 in Figures 3A-4B, the electronic shelf label device 500 in Figure 5, and/or the electronic shelf label device 600 in Figures 6A-7B may also include a white or mirrored plate disposed between the PCB and the photovoltaic element that can reflect light from the external environment through the translucent backside element to the second light facing surface the photovoltaic element. This may be done in addition or instead of applying a reflective material or other coloring to the backside facing surface of the PCB.
  • This separate plate may be a plate of reflective material or may be a substrate (e.g. Polycarbonate, ABS, or PMMA) with a reflective coating (e.g., coating of aluminum or silver).
  • Figures 3A and 3B depict perspective views of an example of an electronic shelf label device 300, according to certain embodiments.
  • Figure 3C depicts a front view of components of electronic shelf label device 300 of Figures 3A and 3B.
  • Figure 4A depicts a 4B depicts a cross- sectional view of components of electronic shelf label device 300 of Figures 3A and 3B.
  • Some of the elements shown in Figures 3A-4B are similar or analogous to elements shown in Figures 1-2B.
  • Electronic shelf label device 300 has a frontside 302 and a backside 303, and includes a housing 301 having a translucent backside element 310 and a frontside window element 320.
  • Electronic shelf label device 300 also includes a photovoltaic element 330 including an integrated back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 332 and display arrangement 340 including an electronic display element 342.
  • the photovoltaic element 330 and display arrangement 340 are both housed within housing 301.
  • the back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 332 includes first and second light facing surfaces 338, 339, which can both harvest light.
  • the anode-side at first light facing surface 338 faces the backside 303 of the electronic shelf label device 300.
  • Translucent backside element 310 is used to allow light transmission from an exterior environment 309 to back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 332 within the housing 301.
  • Figure 4B illustrates example light paths of light passing through the translucent backside element 310 to the photovoltaic element 330.
  • an example light path (denoted by dash dotted line) is from the backside 303 of the ESL device 300 through the translucent wall 313 of the translucent backside element 310 to the first light facing surface 338 of the photovoltaic element 330.
  • Another example light path (denoted by long dashed line) is through a top portion of the translucent backside element 310 through the gap 318 directly to the second light facing surface 339 of the photovoltaic element 330.
  • Another example light path (denoted by a short dashed line) is through the top portion of the translucent backside element 310 through the gap 318 to a reflective surface (e.g., reflective material), which reflects the light to the second light facing surface 339 of the photovoltaic element 330.
  • a reflective surface e.g., reflective material
  • Translucent backside element 310 includes a positioning arrangement 312 that can position photovoltaic element 330 at a distance away from display arrangement 340 forming a gap 318 therebetween through which light from the exterior environment 309 may pass, either directly to or by reflection from one or more reflective surfaces to, the second light facing surface 339 of the back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 332.
  • the positioning arrangement 312 includes a translucent wall 313, a first flange 314 extending from one edge of translucent wall 313, and second flange 315 extending from an opposing edge of translucent wall 313.
  • Frontside window element 320 includes a translucent portion 322 that is rectangular in shape. In other implementations, other shapes may be used. Frontside window element 320 also includes an opaque portion 324 at an outer surface 325 along the perimeter edge. In other implementations, the opaque portion may be located along only a portion of the perimeter edge or may be omitted. In one aspect, the width of the opaque portion 324 may be in a range between 5 mm and 10 mm.
  • the translucent backside element 310 and frontside window element 320 of the electronic shelf label device 300 form the housing 301 and may be sealed together to seal the housing (e.g., with adhesive bond) without using mechanical fasteners.
  • Display arrangement 340 includes a printed circuit board (PCB) 341 and an electronic display element 342 having one or more layers of electronic ink coated on a frontside facing surface 347 of the PCB 341.
  • the display arrangement 340 also includes an electrically conductive antenna element 348.
  • electronic display element 342 is a rectangular display element with a size along its diagonal of 2.9 inches. In other implementations, other display sizes can be used.
  • Electronic display element 342 may be any suitable display such as, for example, a full color display, a multi-color display, etc.
  • Printed circuit board (PCB) 341 includes circuitry including control circuitry for controlling functions of electronic shelf label device 300 including updating display states on electronic display element 342.
  • the plane of the integrated back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 532 is non-parallel to that of the PCB 541 and the frontside window element 520. This allows for increased light collection from the bottom and/or top of the electronic shelf label device 500.
  • the translucent backside element 510 (sometimes referred to as “back case”) similarly has an angled wall 513 against which the integrated back-facing bifacial photovoltaic cell 532 is disposed. The angle may vary with larger angles increasing light collection and thickness of the electronic shelf label device 500.
  • Display arrangement 540 includes a printed circuit board (PCB) 541 and an electronic display element 542 having one or more layers of electronic ink coated on a frontside facing surface of the PCB 541.
  • the display arrangement 540 also includes an electrically conductive antenna element 548.
  • electronic display element 542 is a generally rectangular display element. In one aspect, the electronic display element 542 has a size along its diagonal of 2.9 inches. In other aspects, other display sizes can be used.
  • Electronic display element 542 may be any suitable display such as, for example, a full color display, a multi-color display, etc.
  • Printed circuit board (PCB) 541 includes circuitry including control circuitry for controlling functions of electronic shelf label device 500.
  • Digital signage 800 also includes an electronic display element 842 including a printed circuit board (PCB) 841 and an electronic display element 842 having one or more layers of electronic ink coated on a frontside facing surface of the PCB 841, for example, using appropriate binders such as polyvinyl chlorides (PVCs), urethanes, and silicone binders.
  • electronic display element 842 is a rectangular display element. In other implementations, other display sizes can be used.
  • electronic display element 842 may be able to form a full color display (e.g., 24-bit color). In another implementation, electronic display element 842 may be able to form a multi-color display such as a red, black, and white display, a black and white display, etc.
  • Printed circuit board (PCB) 841 includes circuitry including control circuitry for controlling functions of a digital signage 800 including updating display states on electronic display element 842.
  • the digital signage 800 also includes a hinge 806 between the first housing 801 and a second housing 805. Electrical connectors such as wiring may pass through the hinge 806 to electrically connect components of the electronic display element 842 with the plurality of photovoltaic cells 830.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the general architecture of a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell 900, according to embodiments.
  • Dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell 900 includes three layers disposed between an anode-side assembly 920 and a cathode-side assembly 910 with a sealant 940 surrounding the three layers.
  • Cathode-side assembly 910 includes a transparent substrate 912 coated with a first flexible/rigid conductor layer 914 (e.g., a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) layer), and a catalyst layer 915.
  • TCO transparent conducting oxide
  • Suitable counterions include, but are not limited to, bis(trifluorosulfon)imide, hexafluorophosphate, and tetrafluoroborate.
  • the ratio of organocopper(I) to organocopper(II) salts may be from about 4:1 to about 12:1. Alternatively, the ratio of organocopper(i) to organocopper(II) salts may be from about 6:1 to about 10:1.
  • the redox couple may include copper complexes with more than one ligand.
  • the redox couple may include a copper (I) complex with 2,9-dialkyl-l,10-phenathroline and a copper (II) complex with a bidentate organic ligand selected from the group consisting of 6,6'-dialkyl-2,2'-bipyridine; 4,4',6,6’-tetralkyl-2,2'-bipyridine; 2,9-dialkyl-l,10-phenathroline; 1,10-phenathroine; and 2,2'- bipyridine.
  • the electrolyte of a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell may include two or more solvents.
  • Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, sulfolane, dialkylsulfone, an alkoxypropionitrile, cyclic carbonates, acyclic carbonates, cyclic lactones, acyclic lactones, low viscosity ionic liquids and binary /tertiary/quatemary mixtures of these solvents.
  • the electrolyte includes at least 50% sulfolane or dialkyl sulfone.
  • the electrolyte may include up to about 50% of 3 -alkoxypropionitrile, cyclic and acyclic lactones, cyclic and acyclic carbonates, low viscosity ionic liquids, or binary/tertiary/quatemary mixtures thereof.
  • the electrolyte may also include up to about 0.6M N-methylbenzimidazole and up to about 0.2 M lithium bis(trifluorosulfon)imide as additives.
  • a dye- sensitized photovoltaic cell may include a cathode catalyst disposed on the cathode.
  • a suitable cathode catalyst may include a mixture of 2D conductor and electronic conducting polymer.
  • a “2D conductor” is a molecular semiconductor with thickness in atomic scale. Exemplary 2D conductors include graphenes, transition metal dichalcogenides (ex., molybdenum disulfide or diselenide), or hexagonal boron nitride.
  • the graphene may include a molecular layer or nano/micro crystal. The graphene may be derived from reduced graphene oxide.
  • Suitable conducting polymers include but are not limited to polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, and derivatives thereof.
  • An exemplary polythiophene is poly (3, 4-ethyelenedioxy thiophene) (PEDOT).
  • a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell includes a cathode, an electrolyte, a porous dye- sensitized titanium dioxide film layer, an anode, and a nonporous holeblocking layer interposed between the anode and the dye-sensitized titanium dioxide film layer.
  • the electrolyte includes a redox couple having organocopper (I) and organocopper (II) salts, and the ratio of organocopper (I) to organocopper (II) salts is from about 4:1 to about 12: 1.
  • the electrolyte includes two or more solvents selected from the group consisting of sulfolane, dialkylsulfone, an alkoxypropionitrile, cyclic carbonates, acyclic carbonates, cyclic lactones, acyclic lactones, low viscosity ionic liquids, and binary/tertiary/quatemary mixtures of these solvents.
  • a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell includes a cathode, and a cathode catalyst disposed on the cathode.
  • the cathode catalyst includes a 2D conductor and an electronic conducting polymer, an electrolyte, a porous dye- sensitized titanium dioxide film layer, an anode and a nonporous hole-blocking layer interposed between the anode and the dye-sensitized titanium dioxide film layer.
  • a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell includes a cathode, an electrolyte, a porous dye-sensitized titanium dioxide film layer, and an anode.
  • the electrolyte includes a redox couple having organocopper (I) and organocopper (II) salts, and the ratio of organocopper (I) to organocopper (II) salts is from about 4:1 to about 12: 1,
  • the electrolyte includes two or more solvents selected from the group consisting of sulfolane, dialkylsulfone, an alkoxypropionitrile, cyclic carbonates, acyclic carbonates, cyclic lactones, acyclic lactones, low viscosity ionic liquids, and binary/tertiary/quatemary mixtures of these solvents.
  • a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell includes a cathode and a cathode catalyst disposed on the cathode.
  • the cathode catalyst includes a 2D conductor and an electronic conducting polymer, an electrolyte, a porous dye-sensitized titanium dioxide film layer, and an anode.
  • the electrolyte includes a redox couple comprising organocopper (I) and organocopper (II) salts, and wherein the ratio of organocopper (I) to organocopper (II) salts is from about 4: 1 to about 12:1.
  • the cathode catalyst includes a 2D conductor and an electronic conducting polymer, an electrolyte, a porous dye-sensitized titanium dioxide film layer, and an anode.
  • the electrolyte includes two or more solvents selected from the group consisting of sulfolane, dialkylsulfone, an alkoxypropionitrile, cyclic carbonates, acyclic carbonates, cyclic lactones, acyclic lactones, low viscosity ionic liquids, and binary/tertiary/quatemary mixtures of these solvents.
  • the cathode catalyst includes a 2D conductor and an electronic conducting polymer, an electrolyte, a porous dye-sensitized titanium dioxide film layer, an anode, and a nonporous hole-blocking layer interposed between the anode and the dye-sensitized titanium dioxide film layer.
  • the electrolyte includes a redox couple comprising organocopper (I) and organocopper (II) salts, and the ratio of organocopper (I) to organocopper (II) salts is from about 4:1 to about 12:1.
  • a method of producing a photovoltaic cell may include the step of polymerizing PEDOT on the cathode from monomeric EDOT.
  • the PEDOT may be polymerized on the cathode by chemical polymerization or electrochemical polymerization.
  • the PEDOT may be polymerized on the cathode using ferric tosylate or ferric chloride as a catalyst.
  • the ratio of EDOT to ferric chloride may be from about 1:3 to about 1:4.
  • EDOT is mixed with graphene before chemical polymerization.
  • the EDOT/graphene/ferric catalysis may be deposited from n-butanol on the cathode using spin, gravure, blade or slot coating techniques and allowed to polymerize on the substrate.
  • a method of forming composite catalytic layers on the cathode of a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell may include the step of forming a composite graphene material with one or more conducting polymers.
  • Suitable conducting polymers include, but are not limited to, poly thiophenes, polypyrroles, and polyanilines. The ratio of graphene to conducting polymer may be from about 0.5: 10 to about 2: 10.
  • a suitable polythiophene for use in this method is PEDOT.
  • the polymer and graphenes are polymerized prior to deposition on the cathode.
  • the composite may be formed by the steps of depositing graphene on an electrode to form a graphene layer; and electrodepositing the polymer on the graphene layer.
  • bifacial photovoltaic cells may be dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells.
  • the bifacial photovoltaic cells may be dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells that include a layer with a mixture of two sets of particles: small dye-sensitized particles and large particles.
  • the small dye- sensitized particles are smaller than the wavelength and so are transparent to it. The dye absorbs lights and initiates a rapid electron transfer.
  • the large particles are larger than the wavelength of light. Because the large particles are in a matrix of small dye-sensitized particles, they act as micro-reflectors, allowing light to scatter and eventually be harvested.
  • the anode-side may face the back of the ESL or other electronic sign to receive backside illumination.
  • the first light-absorbing layers 1024 and 1124 in bifacial photovoltaic cells 1000 and 1100 shown in Figures 10 and 11 may also be referred to as a light-scattering layer, a light- absorbing-and-scattering layer, or a mixed particle layer.
  • these first lightabsorbing layers 1024 and 1124 include a mixture of small and large particles.
  • a distribution of small particles in a light-absorbing layer may be characterized by having an average size between 10 nm and 50 nm.
  • a distribution of a large particles in a light- absorbing layer may be characterized by having an average size between 100 nm and 500 nm.
  • the particles are generally nominally spherical, with size referring to diameter. Particles of other shapes may be used. In such cases, size refers to the largest linear dimension.
  • the large particles may be thought of as distributed in a matrix of small particles.
  • the large particles are generally distributed throughout the layer, though the distribution is not necessarily precisely controlled, with some randomness.
  • the mixed particle layer may be prepared using an aqueous dispersion of particles and a polymer binder. According to various embodiments, fewer than half of the total number of particles are large particles. In some embodiments, between about 5% and 40% or 5% and 20% of the total number of particles are large particles, with all or substantially all (e.g., greater than 90% or 99%) of the remainder being small particles.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispositifs d'étiquette de signalisation électronique (ESL) comprenant un boîtier doté d'un élément arrière translucide et d'un élément de fenêtre avant, un agencement d'affichage situé à l'intérieur du boîtier, et un élément photovoltaïque logé à l'intérieur du boîtier entre l'élément arrière translucide et l'agencement d'affichage. L'agencement d'affichage comprend une carte de circuit imprimé et un élément d'affichage conçu pour afficher des informations qui peuvent être vues à travers une partie translucide de l'élément de fenêtre avant. L'élément photovoltaïque est conçu pour générer de l'électricité pour alimenter le dispositif ESL sur la base de lumière reçue en provenance d'un environnement externe.
PCT/US2025/011004 2024-01-09 2025-01-09 Étiquettes électroniques de rayon à alimentation photovoltaïque Pending WO2025151681A1 (fr)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0831445A2 (fr) * 1996-09-20 1998-03-25 Interlabel S.p.A. Dispositif de montage ajustable pour étiquettes électroniques sur rayonnages et pareil
US20120291852A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2012-11-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Hybrid solar concentrator
US20150310775A1 (en) * 2014-04-25 2015-10-29 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Electronic shelf label tag and electronic shelf label system
US20160260163A1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-08 Pricer Ab Electronic shelf label
CN113315260A (zh) * 2021-05-20 2021-08-27 汉朔科技股份有限公司 一种标价显示系统
KR102437036B1 (ko) * 2021-08-31 2022-08-26 주식회사 유니테스트 태양광 발전이 가능한 전자기기

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0831445A2 (fr) * 1996-09-20 1998-03-25 Interlabel S.p.A. Dispositif de montage ajustable pour étiquettes électroniques sur rayonnages et pareil
US20120291852A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2012-11-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Hybrid solar concentrator
US20150310775A1 (en) * 2014-04-25 2015-10-29 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Electronic shelf label tag and electronic shelf label system
US20160260163A1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-08 Pricer Ab Electronic shelf label
CN113315260A (zh) * 2021-05-20 2021-08-27 汉朔科技股份有限公司 一种标价显示系统
KR102437036B1 (ko) * 2021-08-31 2022-08-26 주식회사 유니테스트 태양광 발전이 가능한 전자기기

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