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WO2025149106A1 - Procédé de commande d'une opération de charge ou de décharge de batteries connectées électriquement en parallèle - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'une opération de charge ou de décharge de batteries connectées électriquement en parallèle

Info

Publication number
WO2025149106A1
WO2025149106A1 PCT/DE2024/101011 DE2024101011W WO2025149106A1 WO 2025149106 A1 WO2025149106 A1 WO 2025149106A1 DE 2024101011 W DE2024101011 W DE 2024101011W WO 2025149106 A1 WO2025149106 A1 WO 2025149106A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
charge
charging
state
discharging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/DE2024/101011
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sherif KEDDIS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of WO2025149106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025149106A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries

Definitions

  • battery cells especially lithium-ion battery cells, cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch-shaped battery cells are the most common.
  • Battery cells for storing electrical energy in particular, play a central role in the field of electromobility, both in vehicles with purely electric drives and in vehicles or motor vehicles with hybrid drives.
  • battery cells are also used in vehicles with combustion engines, for example, in a 12V starter battery.
  • an electrical converter is typically connected between the batteries.
  • the disadvantages of the converter are increased manufacturing costs, additional weight for the vehicle, and heat generation in the installation space during operation.
  • the object of the present invention is to enable improved charging and discharging of batteries connected in parallel. This object is achieved according to the teaching of the independent claims. Various embodiments and developments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • a first aspect of the solution relates to a method, in particular a computer-implemented method, for controlling a charging or discharging process of a first battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery, and a second battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery, electrically connected in parallel thereto, of an on-board electrical system of a motor vehicle, wherein the charging or discharging of the first battery and the second battery can each be interrupted or enabled separately from the other battery, comprising the steps: (i) determining a first state of charge of the first battery; (a-i) comparing the first state of charge with a first reference value during charging of the first battery and the second battery by an electrical energy source, in particular a generator; (a-ii) interrupting the charging of the first battery and continuing the charging of the second battery if the comparison has shown that the first state of charge is equal to the first reference value; or (b-i) comparing the first state of charge with a second reference value during discharging of the first battery; (b-ii) interrupting
  • the term “configured” or “set up” to perform a specific function (and respective variations thereof) as used here is to be understood that the corresponding device is already in a design or setting in which it can perform the function or is at least adjustable - i.e. configurable - so that it can perform the function after being set accordingly.
  • the configuration can be carried out, for example, by appropriately setting parameters of a process sequence or of switches or similar for activating or deactivating functionalities or settings.
  • the device can have a plurality of predetermined configurations or operating modes, so that configuration can be carried out by selecting one of these configurations or operating modes.
  • essentially equal or “essentially equal” as used here means in particular that two values, in particular charge states of two batteries, do not differ from each other by more than 10%, in particular not more than 5%.
  • battery refers in particular to a rechargeable battery, in particular an accumulator.
  • a rechargeable battery can in particular have a galvanic cell for storing chemical energy and releasing electrical energy.
  • a battery can have an electrode stack with a plurality of plate-shaped elements, with at least two electrodes, namely an anode and a cathode, and a separator which can at least partially accommodate an electrolyte.
  • at least one anode, a separator and a cathode are superimposed or stacked, with the separator being arranged at least partially between the anode and the cathode. This sequence of anode, separator and cathode can be repeated as often as desired within the electrode stack.
  • the plate-shaped elements can preferably be wound to form an electrode coil. Before electrical energy is released, stored chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. During charging, the electrical energy supplied to the electrode stack is converted into chemical energy and stored.
  • the electrodes can have a current collector, in particular made of Al for the cathode and of Cu for the anode, wherein a thin layer of a mixture of an active material, binder (e.g., PVDF, PTFE, CMC, SBR, LiPAA, PAA, etc.), and conductive additives (carbon black, CNTs, carbon fibers, etc.) can be applied to both sides of the current collector.
  • binder e.g., PVDF, PTFE, CMC, SBR, LiPAA, PAA, etc.
  • conductive additives carbon black, CNTs, carbon fibers, etc.
  • charging in particular “charging a battery” as used here, means in particular that electrical energy is supplied to a rechargeable battery, this is converted into chemical energy in the battery and stored, and this can be made available to an electrical consumer as electrical energy.
  • MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor
  • MOSFET or (English: metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor), as used here, refers in particular to a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.
  • the method according to the first aspect according to alternative (b) can ensure that, if the first state of charge of the first battery falls below a second reference value, discharging of the first battery is interrupted and discharging of the second battery is enabled. This ensures that a vehicle's electrical system, which is to be powered by the first battery, can continue to be supplied with electrical energy even if the state of charge of the first battery falls below the reference value.
  • the present method eliminates the need for a converter between the batteries.
  • the disadvantages associated with an additional converter such as increased manufacturing costs, additional weight for the vehicle, and the operation of heat generation in the installation space, can be avoided.
  • the charging process of the first battery is interrupted if a second charge level of the second battery was determined as the first reference value, and the comparison has shown that the first charge level is greater than the second charge level. This allows the second charge level to be adjusted to the first charge level after the interruption.
  • the interruption of the charging process of the first battery is terminated when the first state of charge is substantially equal to the second state of charge. This can prevent the state of charge of the second battery from becoming greater than the state of charge of the first battery. This, in turn, would lead to uneven charging of the batteries.
  • the first reference value corresponds to a maximum state of charge of the first battery. This allows the first battery to be charged to the maximum state of charge, preventing overcharging and thus damage to the first battery.
  • the discharging of the first battery is interrupted when a detected voltage value of the first battery is less than a predetermined threshold.
  • a voltage value can be easily determined, and the ability to interrupt charging due to a voltage value that is too low, which is below the threshold, can improve the overall reliability of determining the need to interrupt discharging of the first battery.
  • a third aspect of the solution relates to a motor vehicle with a battery device according to the second aspect.
  • the motor vehicle can have an electric drive, a hybrid drive, or an internal combustion engine.
  • the battery device 100 comprises a primary battery 110 with a first separation module 115, which has two MOSFETs 120, 125, and a secondary battery 130 with a second separation module 135, which has two further MOSFETs 140, 145.
  • the primary battery 110 and the secondary battery 130 can be charged by the electrical energy source 150, so that the primary battery 110 and the secondary battery 130 each supply electrical energy for the devices connected to them. Consumers or for an associated vehicle electrical system 160, 170.
  • the primary battery 110 can supply electrical energy to a primary vehicle electrical system 160, and the secondary battery 130 can supply electrical energy to a secondary vehicle electrical system 170. Furthermore, the primary battery 110 and the secondary battery 130 are electrically connected in parallel with one another.
  • on-board power system 105 Due to the arrangement and the electrical lines, impedances arise in the on-board power system 105, which are schematically represented as Z1, Z3, and Z4. This concerns Z1 between the electrical energy source 150 and the primary battery 110, Z3 between the electrical energy source 150 and the primary on-board power system 160, and Z4 between the electrical energy source 150 and the secondary on-board power system 170. Furthermore, a disconnecting device Z2 is arranged between the electrical energy source 150 and the secondary battery 130, whereby independence from the on-board power system can be ensured in the event of a fault.
  • the primary battery 110 can be charged to a required charge level regardless of the vehicle electrical system load and the vehicle electrical system impedance of the primary electrical system 160.
  • the charge levels of the first battery 110 and the second battery 130 are detected by a detection device 180 and forwarded to a control device 190 of the battery device 100.
  • a measuring device (not shown here) for measuring or determining electrical parameters, such as current, voltage, and state of charge, can each be integrated into the first battery 110 and the second battery 130. These measured parameters can then be detected or read out by the detection device.
  • the primary battery 110 preferably with cycle stability, is provided with sufficient capacity to supply the first vehicle electrical system 110.
  • the secondary battery 130 is operated with an open charging isolating element, MOSFET 140, and is thus maintained at a current charge level.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a flow chart 200 for illustrating an embodiment of a method for controlling a charging or discharging process of a first battery 110, in particular a lithium-ion battery, and a second battery 130, in particular a lithium-ion battery of an on-board electrical system of a vehicle, which is electrically connected in parallel thereto, wherein the charging or discharging of the first battery 110 and the second battery 130 can each be interrupted or enabled separately from the other battery.
  • a first state of charge of the first battery 110 is determined.
  • a current measurement can be performed at a reference resistor, also known as a "shunt," with the current measurement being integrated over time. This can be done using a charge counter.
  • a voltage of the first battery 110 is measured, and a current capacity is estimated.
  • the determined state of charge can then be transmitted, in particular via a detection device 180, to a control device 190, as described for Fig. 1.
  • the first state of charge is compared with a first reference value during charging of the first battery 110 and the second battery 130 by a generator, in particular an alternator of the vehicle or motor vehicle.
  • step S230 of the method according to alternative (a) the charging of the first battery 110 is interrupted and the charging of the second battery 130 is continued if the comparison has shown that the first state of charge is equal to the first reference value.
  • a control device 190 as described in Fig. 1 can be used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé, en particulier un procédé mis en œuvre par ordinateur, pour commander une opération de charge ou de décharge d'une première batterie, en particulier une batterie au lithium-ion, et d'une seconde batterie, en particulier une batterie au lithium-ion, connectées électriquement en parallèle avec la première batterie, dans un système électrique embarqué d'un véhicule automobile, la charge ou la décharge de la première batterie et de la seconde batterie pouvant être interrompue ou activée séparément de l'autre batterie dans chaque cas, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à : (i) déterminer un premier état de charge de la première batterie ; (a-i) comparer le premier état de charge à une première valeur de référence pendant la charge de la première batterie et de la seconde batterie au moyen d'une source d'énergie électrique, en particulier un générateur ; (a-ii) interrompre la charge de la première batterie et poursuivre la charge de la seconde batterie si la comparaison indique que le premier état de charge est égal à la première valeur de référence ; ou (b-i) comparer le premier état de charge à une seconde valeur de référence pendant la décharge de la première batterie ; (b-ii) interrompre la décharge de la première batterie et activer la décharge de la seconde batterie si la comparaison indique que le premier état de charge est inférieur à la seconde valeur de référence.
PCT/DE2024/101011 2024-01-12 2024-11-27 Procédé de commande d'une opération de charge ou de décharge de batteries connectées électriquement en parallèle Pending WO2025149106A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102024100912.8 2024-01-12
DE102024100912.8A DE102024100912A1 (de) 2024-01-12 2024-01-12 Verfahren zum steuern eines lade- oder entladevorgangs von zueinander elektrisch parallelgeschalteten batterien

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025149106A1 true WO2025149106A1 (fr) 2025-07-17

Family

ID=93843262

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2024/101011 Pending WO2025149106A1 (fr) 2024-01-12 2024-11-27 Procédé de commande d'une opération de charge ou de décharge de batteries connectées électriquement en parallèle

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102024100912A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2025149106A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010062249A1 (de) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-21 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem elektrischen Antriebssystem und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen
DE102012222901A1 (de) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriesystem
DE102019115210B4 (de) * 2019-06-05 2022-12-08 Johannes Köhler Elektrofahrzeug mit rad- oder achsweisem elektrischem Antrieb aus jeweiligen Fahrbatterien und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Elektrofahrzeugs

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010062249A1 (de) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-21 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Vorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem elektrischen Antriebssystem und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen
DE102012222901A1 (de) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriesystem
DE102019115210B4 (de) * 2019-06-05 2022-12-08 Johannes Köhler Elektrofahrzeug mit rad- oder achsweisem elektrischem Antrieb aus jeweiligen Fahrbatterien und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Elektrofahrzeugs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102024100912A1 (de) 2025-07-17

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