WO2025147726A1

WO2025147726A1 - Energy system archimeter - gravity (energy archimedes gravity)

Info

Publication number: WO2025147726A1
Application number: PCT/VN2024/000015
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hao LE VAN
Original assignee: Thinh Phat Construction Joint Stock Co
Current assignee: Thinh Phat Construction Joint Stock Co
Priority date: 2024-01-02
Filing date: 2024-12-16
Publication date: 2025-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2026-07-02

Abstract

The subject of the invention to the Archimedes' energy system - gravity for power generation, which includes: a liquid environment (1); a compartment tank (2) separating the liquid to create a height difference; a buoy system (3) that generates pulling force; a lifting mechanism (4) that pulls the buoy from the driving system (5) through the collection chamber (9) to the buoy launch mechanism (10); the driving system (5) is connected to the floats system (3) to drive the power generation unit (6); a control unit (7) that manages the operation of the system; an air environment (8) allowing the float to descend due to gravity; a launch chamber (10), an intake gate (11), and a launch gate (14) that prevent water from entering the launch chamber and the compartment tank; a pumping system and suction chamber (12) that collect and store water; a lock (13) that supplies water into the launch chamber.

Description

ENERGY SYSTEM ARCHIMETER - GRAVITY

(Energy Archimedes Gravity)

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to an Archimedes-gravity energy system for generating electricity, specifically by applying two physical quantities: Archimedes force (Fa) and gravitational force (P) of a float in a liquid/air environment to create motion that drives the power-generating component and produces electrical energy.

BACKGROUND

Currently, electrical energy is primarily converted from sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear energy, renewable energy, biomass, hydrogen, etc. Among these:

Fossil energy involves burning fuels like coal, gas, and LNG to generate electricity. Once used, the initial fuels cannot be regenerated, leading to resource depletion, a lack of sustainability, and CO2 emissions, which negatively impact the environment.

Nuclear energy is generated from nuclear reactions. While it does not emit CO2, it poses serious risks related to radioactive safety.

Renewable energy:

Hydropower converts the potential energy of water into electricity. However, this requires significant water head and flow rates, necessitating the construction of dams at river sources. This leads to the need for large transmission systems and can cause natural disasters. Furthermore, the water cycle depends on natural factors, meaning when reservoir levels are insufficient, the hydropower station's capacity is reduced, leading to instability and compromising energy security. While hydropower does not emit CO2, it still impacts the environment. Wind and solar energy convert sunlight and wind into electricity, but these sources depend on weather conditions, making them less stable and insufficient for ensuring energy security. While they do not emit CO2, wind turbines create noise pollution, and solar panels pose environmental challenges at the end of their lifecycle.

Other forms of energy, such as geothermal, wave energy, tidal energy, biomass, and hydrogen, are not yet widely used.

There are also some methods for generating electricity by using excess grid energy stored as other forms of energy:

Gravity power: raising floats to a height so they can fall freely using gravitational force to generate electricity.

Pumped-storage hydroelectricity: using excess energy to pump water back to its starting claim for later electricity generation.

Archimedes-gravity energy system:

In a gravitational environment, an object with gravitational force (P), called a float, when immersed in a liquid environment, experiences Archimedes force (F_a). When Fa P, the resultant of these forces causes the float to move from its submerged position to a position of force equilibrium. This movement is used to drive the powergenerating component, which produces electrical energy.

Gravity always exists, and Archimedes force (F_a) is regenerated as soon as the float is placed back into the liquid environment. The electricity generation process does not emit CO2 or cause negative environmental impacts.

When the liquid environment is large enough to submerge a large float, generating a large Archimedes force (F_a), and the liquid depth is sufficient to create a large motion path, the Archimedes-gravity energy system can generate substantial power.

The value of the Archimedes force for a float remains constant when the float is fully submerged in the liquid environment. To increase the Archimedes force, one can increase the number of floats rather than their size, so the minimum required liquid depth (the liquid head) is not too large. This means the system can be built on flat terrain without requiring significant height differences, such as in plains or coastal areas.

When the liquid environment is water, since water is abundant on Earth's surface, the Archimedes-gravity energy system can be constructed in many locations.

Using the Archimedes-gravity energy system as an energy storage solution can regulate renewable energy sources like solar and wind power, ensuring energy security and promoting the rapid and sustainable development of green energy.

The Archimedes-gravity energy system, when used for energy storage, is safe and environmentally friendly. Due to the low liquid head, it saves energy when pumping liquid to higher levels.

The Archimedes-gravity energy system requires an initial supply of electrical energy to control the system’s operation and replenish the potential energy of the liquid to move the float between two environments. The liquid can be sourced from available natural liquids, or in energy storage solutions, renewable energy sources like solar and wind power can be used to recycle and supply the consumed liquid.

SUMMARY

Gravitational force (P) on the float is the gravitational pull exerted by the Earth on the float, acting vertically downward toward the Earth. It is calculated as:

where: g is the gravitational acceleration acting on the float, m is the mass of the float.

Archimedes' force (Fa) is the upward force exerted on the float when it is submerged in a liquid environment:

where: d is the specific weight of the liquid,

V is the volume of the liquid displaced by the float.

Fa has the same direction but opposite to the gravitational force (P).

When the float is submerged in a liquid environment, the force F_a coexists with the gravitational force P. They act in the same direction but opposite to each other. The resultant pulling force F is the combination of gravitational force P and Archimedes' force Fa:

When the float is submerged in the liquid, it can assume one of three states:

State 1: When F_a = P, the pulling force F = 0. The float is in a state of force equilibrium, meaning the float remains suspended or neutrally buoyant in the liquid.

State 2: When F_a > P, the pulling force F = F_a - P > 0. This will pull the float in an upward translational motion from its initial submerged position to the force equilibrium position (F is in the same direction as Fa).

State 3: When F_a < P, the pulling force F = P - F_a > 0. This will pull the float in a downward translational motion from its initial submerged position to the force equilibrium position (F is in the same direction as P).

As the float moves within the liquid over a distance h, it produces work

A=Fxh

A=Fxh, where h is the travel path, and F is the pulling force.

The distance from the initial submerged position to the force equilibrium position within the liquid is called the motion path (h). The path (h) reaches its maximum value (hmax) if the initial submerged position is at the bottom of the liquid environment and the force equilibrium position is at the liquid surface, or vice versa.

Analysis of the Float's States:

When the float is in the state where F_a > P, the pulling force F is in the same direction as Fa, causing the float to tend to move upward.

• Upward Journey of the Float (when the initial submerged position is at the bottom of the liquid environment):

The pulling force acting on the float is F = F_a - P, which will pull the float in an upward translational motion. If the equilibrium position is above the liquid surface, then h can reach h_max. Assuming the float is made from the same material with a constant weight P and submerged in the same liquid environment (where d = const), if the volume V reaches its maximum value V_max, then the force F_a will reach its maximum value Fa_max. When Fa_max is much greater than P, the pulling force F = F_a - P > P. This implies that it is possible to create ships that can carry weights far exceeding the weight of the hull.

The work done is A = F * h.

When a float with a volume V_max is submerged in the liquid environment, the force Fa will achieve the value Fa_max, hence F reaches its maximum value F_max. The pulling force Fjnax will cause the float to move through the maximum distance h_max, producing work A = A_max = h_max * F_max. If this pulling force is utilized to drive a generator, it can effectively operate at high capacity.

• Downward Journey of the Float (when the initial submerged position is at the liquid surface):

When Fa > P, to lower a float of constant volume (V = const), it is necessary to increase P by adding a load AP until Fa < P + AP (since V = const and d = const, Fa = const). The float, once loaded with AP, will move downward to the bottom of the liquid environment. At the bottom, once the load AP is removed, the float will repeat the upward motion until it reaches the liquid surface.

In this state, to create a downward journey of the float requires energy expenditure to add the load AP. The work done by the load AP while descending to load the float is equal to the work needed to lift the load AP back up. Thus, if this force is used to drive the generator, it is suitable for designing energy storage models.

When the Float is in the State Fa < P: Here, F is in the same direction as P, and the float tends to move downward. • Downward Journey of the Float (when the initial submerged position is at the liquid surface):

The pulling force acting on the float is F = P - Fa. The force F will pull the float downward along the path h from the submerged position to the equilibrium position, h can reach h_max when the equilibrium position is at the bottom of the liquid environment.

Assuming the float has a constant weight P = const and is submerged in a liquid environment with d = const: the pulling force F = P - Fa. Since d 0 and V 0, Fa > 0, which means F < P. Thus, in this case, the value of the pulling force is limited by the value ofP.

The distance h can reach h__max, but F < P.

The work done is A = F * h < Ajmax = P * h.

If the pulling force F in this state is used to drive the system, the work produced is limited by A_max = P * h; therefore, the power of the generator is restricted. This indicates that the pulling force in this case should only be applied to lower the float back to its initial position in the liquid environment.

When Fa < P, to make the float move upward to the liquid surface, it is necessary to add a pulling force AF using a pulling mechanism. When the additional pulling force is sufficiently increased such that F + AF > P (where P = const), the float will rise to the liquid surface. Once at the surface, the added pulling force AF will be removed, and the float will continue its downward motion back to the bottom of the liquid. In this state, creating an upward journey of the float requires energy expenditure to supplement the pulling force AF. The work done by AF during the ascent to supplement the pulling force is equal to the energy consumed to create the additional pulling force AF. If this force is used to drive the generator, it is suitable for designing energy storage models.

The analysis of the two states Fa < P and Fa > P above shows that when the float with V - const is submerged in a continuous liquid environment, it establishes a specific state. Under the action of the pulling force F, the float can only move along one path, either upward or downward, from the submerged position to the equilibrium position (referred to as the forward path). If the volume does not change, then the reverse journey of the float (referred to as the backward path) must supplement a pulling force AF or an additional load AP.

In a state where the buoy operates, a closed cycle of motion requires the combination of an upward stroke and a downward stroke. For the buoy's motion to generate work (A> 0), the upward and downward strokes must not cancel each other out, allowing for the generation of useful work. This can only be achieved by changing the volume (V) or altering the specific weight of the liquid (d). In environments with high hydrostatic pressure, creating a buoy with a variable volume while ensuring durability is very challenging and energy-intensive, which leads us to explore the option of changing the specific weight of the liquid.

Considering the state when the buoy descends (Fa < P): the pulling force F=P-Fa will reach its maximum value when Fa=0, thus Fmax=P-Fa=P. Since Fa=d*V and V^O, it follows that Fa=0 when d=0 (in air). This indicates that the environment where the buoy descends achieves the largest pulling force is the air.

In a buoy's motion cycle, the work produced is maximized when the buoy generates the greatest components of pulling force, corresponding to the largest stroke distance, and the work in the strokes does not cancel each other out. In this scenario, the buoy will effectively drive a power generation unit with a high capacity, resulting in a significant amount of electrical energy.

If, in one operational cycle of the Archimedes-gravitational energy system, the buoy is arranged to move upward in the liquid environment and downward in the air environment, it will generate beneficial work, allowing the Archimedes-gravitational energy system to produce work, thus having the capability to generate electrical energy. Additionally, it is essential to optimize energy consumption as the buoy transitions between the surface and the bottom of the liquid; this will maximize the energy output of the system.

From a continuous liquid environment, two environments are formed: a liquid environment and an air environment by placing a partition tank in the liquid environment to separate the liquid environment into an external liquid environment and an air environment within the partition tank, or conversely, placing the partition tank containing liquid in the air environment. The partition tank needs to be designed with a collection chamber to gather floats and a launching chamber to release floats, preventing liquid from flowing from the liquid environment to the air environment. The launching chamber also serves to balance hydrostatic pressure with the liquid environment to reduce energy consumption for moving the float back and forth between the two environments.

Investigating the work-producing capability of the Archimedes-gravity energy system in a working cycle: the float's upward journey in the liquid environment and downward journey in the air environment, along with two transition journeys between the two environments, forms a closed cycle: hl + h2 + h3 + h4, where:

• hl is the upward journey of the float moving vertically in the liquid environment from the submerged position to the force equilibrium position.

• h2 is the horizontal journey of the float moving from the force equilibrium position through the collection chamber to the edge of the partition tank; h2 is calculated and designed optimally to be small while ensuring that the external liquid does not flow into the partition tank, hence h2 is very small compared to hl .

• h3 is the downward journey of the float moving vertically from the edge of the partition tank to the float launching mechanism of the launching chamber.

• h4 is the horizontal journey of the float moving from the float launching mechanism to the launching chamber, before entering the submerged position in the liquid environment.

Al, A2, A3, A4 are the work produced in the corresponding journeys: hl, h2, h3, h4. We see that Al and A3 are positive work (beneficial work), A2 and A4 are negative work (harmful work since energy must be expended to move the float across the two journey segments h2 and h4). The total work produced in one cycle is: A = Al + A3 - A2 - A4. When the liquid environment has a sufficient depth h and the system structure is optimally calculated, then hl will be much larger than h2, and h3 will be much larger than h4 (hl » h2; h3 » h4). The pulling force to lift the float during the journey hl is F. In the journey h2, the float moves from the liquid environment to the air environment, so the maximum pulling force is equal to the weight of the float when lifted in the air: Fmax = P. The float structure is designed to ensure that Fa reaches Fa max (Fa » P), so F > P, which means Al = hl * F > A2 = h2 * P.

Since the launching chamber is designed to balance hydrostatic pressure with the bottom of the liquid to minimize the pulling force on the float as it moves from the launching chamber into the liquid environment, the pulling force on the float during the journey h4 is F4 < P, and the pulling force during the journey h3 is F3 = P. Thus, A3 = h3 * P > A4 = h4 * F4.

Therefore, the work produced is A = Al + A3 - A2 - A4 > 0. A > 0 means that in a working cycle of the Archimedes-gravity energy system, positive work will be produced, indicating that it can generate work to drive the power generation unit and produce energy. If this cycle is continuously repeated, it will generate continuous electrical energy.

If the liquid environment considered here is natural water, the potential for producing electrical energy on Earth can be said to be infinite because water covers about % of the Earth’s surface area, with many places having very deep depths, such as oceans, lakes, and reservoirs.

The Archimedes force is directly proportional to the specific weight of the liquid, allowing for the selection of a liquid with an appropriate specific weight to alter the power generation efficiency of the Archimedes-gravity energy system.

This demonstrates that the Archimedes-gravity energy system operating on the aforementioned cycle is entirely feasible. When the liquid environment is sufficiently wide and the depth h is large enough, the power output will be significant. The energy required for the Archimedes-gravity energy system is the initial energy needed to control the system's operation and the potential energy of the liquid consumed to transition the float between the two environments. This energy can be sourced from available natural liquids or supplied by utilizing renewable energy sources such as solar or wind energy to pump the liquid.

The Archimedes-gravity energy system has a general structural principle consisting of the main components: Liquid environment; Partition tank; Float system; Lifting mechanism; Drive system; Power generation unit; Control unit; Air environment. The control unit manages all signals and dynamic controls.

The liquid environment generates the Archimedes force acting on the float. A larger liquid space results in a longer journey, and the larger the float's volume, the greater the work produced, leading to higher power output from the generation unit and, consequently, greater electrical energy production. The liquid environment needs to be replenished with the liquid that has been consumed or restored through the pumping system.

The partition tank serves to separate the continuous liquid environment into two independent environments: the liquid environment and the air environment. The partition tank creates a height difference of liquid from the bottom of the tank to the surface, thus generating the movement journey of the float within each working environment. The partition tank is equipped with a collection chamber and a launching chamber to facilitate the float's transition between the two environments. It is also roofed to shield against rain and sun and may include a solar power system installed on the roof.

The float system is a connected system of floats designed to create a pulling force thanks to the action of the Archimedes force, which is transmitted to the drive system to power the generation unit. The float is an object submerged in the liquid environment to create the Archimedes force and can take various geometric shapes, such as spherical or cylindrical Lifting Mechanism: This is the component that lifts the float from the moment it separates from the drive system through the collection chamber, lowering the float to the float launching mechanism at the bottom of the tank, relying on the weight of the float.

Drive System: This is the component that receives the pulling force from the float system, converting it into motion to drive the power generation unit. It can be made using mechanical, hydraulic, or electromagnetic mechanisms.

Power Generation Unit: This component receives motion from the drive system through a gearbox to produce electrical energy.

Specific Patent Proposal: The liquid environment is outside the partition tank, while the air environment is inside the partition tank. The initial submerged position of the float is at the bottom of the liquid environment.

The Archimedes-gravity energy system based on this proposal consists of the main components: Control Unit; Liquid Environment outside the Partition Tank; Partition Tank; Air Environment inside the Partition Tank; Float System; Lifting Mechanism; Drive System; Power Generation Unit.

The control unit is responsible for managing all signals and dynamic controls.

The liquid environment outside the partition tank is where the float is submerged to generate the Archimedes force (Fa) acting on the float system. The liquid environment needs to have sufficient space to accommodate the operational float system and sufficient depth to ensure that the energy generated exceeds the energy consumed. A sufficiently large liquid environment can accommodate larger volume floats, thereby generating a larger Archimedes force (Fa). The movement journey hl of the float in the liquid environment is also significant, and the transmission duration for each float journey is longer, resulting in higher electrical energy production. The liquid environment needs to be replenished with the liquid that has been consumed or restored using a pumping system.

The partition tank serves to separate the liquid environment, creating two independent environments: the liquid environment and the air environment, with the goal of generating a significant Archimedes force and a strong pulling force when the float transitions through the respective environments during its movement journey. The walls of the partition tank may partially or fully contact the liquid environment. The partition tank features a collection chamber above the liquid surface and a launching chamber located at the bottom of the partition tank to facilitate the float's transition between the two environments.

The collection chamber serves to lift the float from the liquid surface, using a mechanical/hydraulic/electromagnetic lifting system to return the float to the partition tank.

The launching chamber functions to receive the float from the float launching mechanism, transferring the float from the air environment into the liquid environment without allowing liquid to enter the tank. The launching chamber also serves to balance the pressure within the chamber with the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the liquid, reducing the energy consumption needed to pull the float into the liquid environment. The float exiting the launching chamber is connected as part of the float system and linked to the drive system. Multiple collection and launching chambers can be implemented within a single tank to enhance continuity or increase the number of power generation units. The collection chamber is equipped with a pumping system and suction chamber to remove liquid filling into the launching chamber after each float launch.

Float System: This system links floats together at certain intervals to create a large pulling force and maintain continuous pulling to keep the drive system working continuously. The float is an object submerged in the liquid environment that generates the Archimedes force. Floats can take various shapes, such as spherical or cylindrical. They can be constructed as hollow structures to enhance the Archimedes force and sealed to pump air inside, balancing with the external hydrostatic pressure.

Lifting Mechanism: This component pulls the float from when it separates from the drive system through the collection chamber, then lifts the float over the partition tank wall and lowers it to the float launching mechanism. The float is inserted into the launching chamber via the float launching mechanism, waiting to be launched into the liquid environment and connected with the drive system.

Drive System: This component is linked to the float system to receive the pulling force from the float system, which rotates the power generation unit. It can be made using mechanical, hydraulic, or electromagnetic mechanisms.

Power Generation Unit: These are generator sets linked to the drive system through a gearbox to create an appropriate rotation speed for the power generation unit.

When using the Archimedes-gravity energy system according to this method as a solution for energy storage, if there is an infinite liquid source from reservoirs or oceans, the system needs a sufficiently large suction chamber to hold the amount of liquid filling the launching chamber, which then goes into the partition tank during operation. When there is excess electricity in the grid, this surplus energy is used to pump the liquid in the storage chamber out into the external liquid environment.

In another proposed method of the invention: the air environment is outside the partition tank, and the liquid environment is inside the partition tank, with the initial submerged position at the bottom of the partition tank:

The Archimedes-gravity energy system according to this method consists of:

Air environment outside the partition tank; Partition tank; Liquid environment inside the partition tank; Float system; Lifting mechanism; Drive system; Power generation unit; Control unit.

The Archimedes-gravity energy system in this method operates similarly to the previous method, with some components requiring reverse functionality; the collection chamber collects floats from inside the partition tank to launch them outside the partition tank, while the launching chamber launches floats from outside into the partition tank.

The drive system is assembled inside the tank, while the lifting mechanism is assembled outside the tank, and can be made using mechanical, hydraulic, or electromagnetic mechanisms.

The liquid environment needs to be replenished with the consumed amount to transition the float between journeys. When there is a natural source of liquid to replenish the partition tank, the liquid in the launching chamber after each float launch does not need to be recovered and can be discharged outside, thus the launching chamber does not require a pumping system.

When there is no liquid source to replenish the partition tank after each float launch, the liquid in the launching chamber must be recovered and pushed back into the partition tank, meaning the launching chamber needs to have a pumping system and suction chamber.

Using the Archimedes-gravity energy system in this method as an energy storage solution will yield high efficiency, conserve liquid, and can be easily implemented anywhere without requiring significant elevation changes like traditional pumped-storage hydropower.

In another proposed method of the invention: the pulling force when the float descends in the air environment drives the power generation unit. The upward journey of the float in the liquid serves to recover the float. This method has a structural and operational principle similar to one of the two previous methods, consisting of: Liquid environment/Air environment; Partition tank; Float system; Lifting mechanism; Drive system; Power generation unit; Control unit.

The liquid environment and air environment can be either inside or outside the partition tank.

However, the pulling force in this method is limited by the value: Fmax = P, meaning the Archimedes-gravity energy system is restricted in its work generation capacity, thereby limiting power generation capacity.

This method will achieve high electricity generation efficiency when the float is additionally loaded with a load AP at the start of its downward journey in the air. The load can be added by filling the float with liquid into the hollow space inside it, which is expelled when the float reaches the end of its downward journey in the air, thus returning the float to its original hollow state. As a result, the size of the float system will be lighter since it does not require a large buoyancy force, making it suitable for energy storage models.

According to another proposed method of the invention: the liquid environment is continuous, and the float is always in a buoyant state (when Fa > P), with the float loaded with a load AP:

The float remains buoyant. To move the float down to the bottom of the liquid environment, we will load it with an additional load AP until P + AP > Fa, allowing the float to move down to the required claim at the bottom of the liquid environment. When the float reaches the bottom of the liquid environment, the load AP is removed until Fa > P, allowing the float to move back up to its original equilibrium position at the surface. The Archimedes-gravity energy system according to this method consists of: Control unit; Liquid environment; Float system; Load addition unit; Drive system; Power generation unit.

The control unit is responsible for managing all signals and dynamic control.

The liquid environment generates the Archimedes force when the float is submerged. The deeper the liquid environment, the greater the buoyancy force, leading to higher work output, greater power generation unit capacity, and more electricity produced.

The float system links the floats together at specific intervals to create a large buoyancy force and maintain a continuous pulling force to keep the power generation unit working continuously, resulting in a continuous flow of electricity. The float is an object submerged in the liquid environment, creating the Archimedes force. Floats can take various forms, such as spherical or cylindrical.

Load Addition Unit: This unit adds weight to the float to enable it to move downward from the surface to the bottom of the liquid. When the float reaches the bottom, the load is removed, allowing the float to begin its upward journey. The load can be added by filling the float with liquid, which is expelled at the end of the journey using compressed air.

Drive System: This component links to the float system to receive the pulling force from the float system, rotating the power generation unit. It can be constructed using mechanical, hydraulic, or electromagnetic mechanisms.

Power Generation Unit: These are generator sets linked to the drive system through a gearbox to create an appropriate rotation speed for the power generation unit. When the load is brought down to the bottom of the liquid, energy is needed to recover it back to the surface for use. If not, it can only be used once, increasing the initial energy consumption.

This method of the solution is suitable for the energy storage model.

According to another proposed method of the invention: the liquid environment is continuous, and the float is always submerged (Fa < P), requiring additional pulling force for the float to move upward.

The Archimedes-gravity energy system operates under a principle similar to the Archimedes-gravity energy system with additional loading, consisting of: Control unit; Liquid environment; Float system; Float pulling unit; Drive system; Power generation unit.

This method differs from the loading method by replacing the loading unit with a float pulling unit, which is designed to provide additional lifting force to raise the float from the bottom of the liquid to the surface. However, this method is less advantageous regarding force efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the general principle of the Archimedes-gravity energy system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the Archimedes-gravity energy system according to the method: the liquid environment is outside the containment basin, and the air environment is inside the containment basin.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the Archimedes-gravity energy system according to a method where the environment inside the containment basin is liquid and the environment outside the basin is air. FIG. 4 is a diagram of the Archimedes-gravity energy system according to another method: using the pulling force of the float system while moving in the air environment inside the containment basin to pull the drive system.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the Archimedes-gravity energy system according to another method: loading to allow the float to descend from the surface to the bottom of the liquid.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the Archimedes-gravity energy system according to another method: providing additional pulling force to raise the float from the bottom of the liquid to the surface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

As shown in FIG. 1, the general structural principle of the Archimedes-gravity energy system includes the main components:

Fluid Environment (1): This is the agent that generates Archimedes' buoyant force when the float is immersed in the fluid environment. The fluid environment needs to be supplemented with the amount of depleted liquid. When the fluid environment is natural water from lakes, dams, or oceans, the potential for electricity production is limitless because water is present everywhere on the Earth's surface.

Containment Tank (2): The containment tank serves to separate the continuous fluid environment into two independent environments: the fluid environment (1) and the air environment (8). The float will rise in the fluid environment (1) due to Archimedes' buoyant force and descend in the air environment (8) due to its own weight, creating work (A) to drive the power generation component (6). The containment tank creates a liquid differential from the bottom of the tank to the surface, thus creating a movement journey for the float in each working environment.

Float System (3): To limit the float’s volume from becoming too large, multiple floats can be installed to form the float system (3) immersed in the fluid, thus generating a very large cumulative pulling force and allowing the power generation component to operate continuously.

Lifting Mechanism (4): Designed to lift and lower the float, this component operates effectively thanks to Archimedes' buoyant force.

Drive System (5): Connected to the float system to receive the pulling force from the float system, enabling the rotation of the power generation component (6).

Power Generation Component (6): This is where electrical energy is produced, and it is linked to the drive system through a gearbox to create an appropriate rotation speed.

Control Unit (7): This system controls all signals and dynamics, ensuring the system operates efficiently.

Air Environment (8): The environment where the float descends and experiences gravity.

Design of the Containment Tank:

• The containment tank is made from materials that can withstand high pressure, such as metal or reinforced concrete, and it must be sealed to prevent external fluid from leaking in or vice versa.

• The containment tank has an upper collection chamber above the fluid surface and a lower launching chamber at the bottom of the tank. The tank is also covered to protect against weather and can be equipped with a solar energy system to provide power for starting the machines.

• The launching chamber serves to launch the floats from the air environment (8) into the fluid environment (1) at a designated claim and connect to the drive system (5). The shape and size of the launching chamber depend on the shape and size of the float. The launching chamber is equipped with an intake door and a launching door to control the fluid flow and maintain pressure balance within the chamber, helping to reduce energy consumption when pulling the float into the fluid environment. The pumping system within the launching chamber helps to remove fluid, preventing it from flowing into the containment tank during the float loading process.

The launching chamber has a launching mechanism for introducing the float into the launching chamber located at the bottom of the tank. It is designed with a slope toward the launching chamber to minimize energy consumption when placing the float into the chamber. After the float is introduced into the launching chamber, the intake door is closed, and the launching door is opened. The fluid will fill the chamber containing the float, at which claim the pressure in the launching chamber and the hydrostatic pressure in the fluid environment will balance, resulting in a very small pulling force needed to launch the float out of the chamber.

The collection chamber is located above the fluid surface near the mouth of the tank and serves to separate the float from the float system and return it to the containment tank or vice versa. The lifting-lowering system for launching the float from the surface to the collection chamber can use mechanical/ hydraulic/ electromagnetic lifting systems, combining the pulling force of the float's gravity. The bottom of the collection chamber is designed with multiple holes, allowing the fluid to drain out when the system is lifted, ensuring that the fluid does not enter or exit the containment tank when introducing or removing the float. The collection chamber is designed to prevent fluid from flowing into the tank when the surface fluctuates.

After the float passes beyond the tank wall, it is lowered to the launching mechanism at the bottom of the tank due to its own weight, eliminating the need for energy consumption to lower the float to the launching mechanism. The float system (3) links multiple floats to generate pulling force due to the action of Archimedes' buoyancy. The float system is autonomously connected to the drive system through an automatic locking mechanism. This locking mechanism will connect the float system to the drive system when the float exits the launching chamber and will automatically release when the float completes its journey in the fluid environment. The floats are attached to the float system at specific intervals to ensure a stable pulling force for driving the power generation component while also having sufficient gravity to pull the lifting system down (4) to the bottom of the containment tank. Then, the float system (3) moves upward due to buoyancy and drives the power generation system.

The float is a body immersed in the fluid environment to create Archimedes' buoyant force and can be in the shape of a block: spherical, cylindrical, etc. The float can be designed as a sphere since, among all block shapes, a sphere has the largest volume for a given surface area. The spherical float will distribute hydrostatic pressure evenly across its surface, allowing it to withstand pressure better. The float is sealed and filled with air or suitable gases to reduce the internal pressure, counteracting the hydrostatic pressure from the surrounding fluid, which reduces the structural load on the float and decreases its weight, thereby increasing the pulling force for driving the power generation component (6) and increasing power output.

The float is designed so that its equilibrium position is at the surface, which increases the upward travel distance in the fluid environment (hl) and reduces the lifting distance from the surface to the tank wall (h2).

The float is lowered to the bottom of the tank through the lifting-lowering system (4) due to its own weight, and it will automatically descend to the launching mechanism of the launching chamber. It is then introduced into the launching chamber and linked to the float system (3) before being launched into the fluid environment. This is the journey h4. The lifting-lowering component (4) pulls the float from when it separates from the drive system to the entrance of the collection chamber. The floats are separated from the float system (3) and then lifted above the fluid surface. They are then moved across the tank wall and lowered to the float launching mechanism under the influence of the float's weight.

The drive system (5) is the component that receives the pulling force from the float system (3). The drive system (5) is connected to the float system (3) through automatic locking mechanisms, which automatically engage the float system (3) when it exits the launching chamber and separate when the floats complete their journey in the fluid environment (1). The drive system (5) is designed to receive the translational motion from the float system (3) and transfer it to the power generation component at a specified transmission ratio. The drive system can be made from mechanical, hydraulic, or electromagnetic components.

The power generation component (6) receives the rotational motion from the drive system (5) through a gearbox to generate electrical energy. The gearbox's role is to transfer the rotational motion of the drive system (5) and adjust the transmission ratio to match the required rotational speed of the power generation component (6).

As shown in FIG. 2: According to one of the proposals of the Archimedes- gravity energy system invention, it includes: the liquid environment outside the containment tank (1); containment tank (2); float system (3); lifting-lowering component (4); drive system (5); power generation component (6); control component (7); air environment inside the containment tank (8); collection chamber (9); launching chamber (10); intake door (11); pumping system and suction chamber (12); lock (13); launching door (14).

The liquid environment (1) is the agent that generates the Archimedes thrust to lift the float. The larger and deeper the liquid environment, the larger the volume of the float can be, the greater the Archimedes thrust (Fa) and the longer the movement distance of the float (hl), which is beneficial for the system's operation. The liquid environment is replenished with liquid by the amount of liquid consumed each time a float is transferred from the air into the liquid. When the liquid environment used is natural water from lakes, dams, oceans, etc., the solution can be built in many locations.

The containment tank (2) has a cylindrical shape to increase the structural strength of the tank walls. The tank is made of materials that can withstand high pressure, which can be metal or reinforced concrete. The tank serves to separate the liquid environment into two independent environments: the air environment (8) inside the tank and the liquid environment (1) outside the tank. This is intended for the float system to operate in the air environment to achieve the largest pull force (F=P), which reduces the energy consumption needed to lower the float into the launching mechanism in the liquid environment. The tank creates a difference in liquid from the bottom of the tank to the liquid surface, thus generating the movement distance of the float in each working environment. The tank has a collection chamber (9) above the liquid surface and a launching chamber (10) below the bottom to transfer the float from the air environment to the liquid environment; the launching chamber also functions to balance the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the liquid. The tank has a roof and is equipped with a rooftop solar power system to provide auxiliary energy for system operation. The tank is also equipped with a pump system at the bottom to extract the amount of liquid that leaks into the tank.

The launching chamber (10) is designed in shape according to the float’s design and can withstand high pressure. It consists of an intake door (11) and a launching door (14), with a pumping system and suction chamber (12) to extract liquid from the launching chamber to the outside, and a lock (13) to allow liquid into the launching chamber after the float is loaded and the launching mechanism is activated. When the float is raised to the launching mechanism, the launching door (14) of the launching chamber closes, and the intake door (11) of the launching chamber opens. At this claim, there is no liquid in the launching chamber; the float is introduced into the launching chamber by the launching mechanism and attached to the float system by mechanical/hydraulic/electromagnetic linkage. After that, the intake door (11) is closed, and after the float is in the launching chamber, the intake door and lock (13) are opened to allow liquid from the outside environment to fill the remaining volume of the launching chamber (10). At this moment, the pressure in the launching chamber and the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid environment equalize, so the pulling force needed to launch the float is small. The float is then launched, and when launched, the launching door (14) will automatically open, allowing the float to be released. At this time, the external liquid will flow into the launching chamber to fill the volume left by the launched float. When the float exits the launching chamber, the liquid in the launching chamber will be full. Then, the launching door (14) will close, and the pump system will be activated to extract the liquid from the launching chamber and push it out. After all the liquid is pumped out, the next float will be loaded.

The float system (3) generates pulling force through the Archimedes thrust effect of the floats. Once the float is placed in the launching chamber, it will be attached to the float system and automatically linked to the drive system (5) by selflocking mechanisms each time the float is launched out of the launching door (14). It automatically separates when the float completes its movement distance (hl) in the liquid environment. The floats are attached to the float system (3) at calculated intervals to ensure sufficient pulling force to drive the generator while providing enough weight to lower the float lifting and launching system (4) to the bottom of the tank.

The lifting mechanism (4) pulls the float system (3) from when it separates from the drive system (5) to the collection chamber door (9). After that, the floats are separated from the float system (3). The floats are raised by the lifting mechanism (4) above the surface of the liquid environment (1) and then moved into the tank before being lowered to the launching mechanism under the influence of the float's weight. The float is introduced into the launching chamber (10) by the launching mechanism. When the float enters the launching chamber (10), it is reattached to the float system and then launched, starting its upward journey in the liquid environment (1).

The drive system (5) receives the pulling force from the float system (3) and automatically links to the float system through self-locking mechanisms. The two systems begin to link when the float starts to exit the launching chamber and separate when the float completes its journey in the liquid environment. The drive system is designed to receive the pulling force to convert linear motion into rotational motion at a specific gear ratio and transmit it to the generator via a gearbox and governor. The drive system can be constructed from mechanical, hydraulic, or electromagnetic mechanisms.

The generator (6) receives the rotational motion from the drive system (5) through the gearbox to generate electrical energy. The gearbox’s role is to transmit the rotational motion from the drive system with a corresponding gear ratio to match the rotation of the generator, which operates at a frequency of f = 50 Hz. The governor's role is to stabilize the generator’s rotational speed.

The control system (7) manages all signals and dynamics to ensure the system operates continuously to generate electricity, receiving energy from the rooftop solar power system or storage to control the entire Archimedes-gravity energy system.

Using this Archimedes-gravity energy system as an energy storage solution requires the suction chamber (12) to have a sufficiently large capacity to hold the amount of liquid needed to fill the launching chamber during the system's operation. This is the volume of liquid that occupies the space of the float in the launching chamber after each float launch.

As shown in FIG. 3 : According to another solution of the invention, the liquid environment is inside the tank, while the air environment is outside the tank. In this case, the construction and operational principles are similar to the method shown in FIG. 2. The collection chamber (9) functions to collect the floats for removal from the tank (2), and the launching chamber (10) serves to launch the floats into the tank (2). The pump system and suction chamber (12) function to extract liquid from the launching chamber and push it back into the tank.

With this solution, after each float launch, a source of liquid is required to replenish the tank with the amount of liquid that fills the launching chamber and is consumed.

Using the Archimedes-gravity energy system as an energy storage solution according to this method will yield high efficiency and can be easily implemented anywhere without requiring significant topographical height differences for pumped hydro storage. At that time, the liquid will be reclaimed into the tank when there is surplus energy and released when necessary.

As shown in FIG. 4: According to another solution of the invention, gravity is used when the float system descends in the air environment to generate the pulling force that drives the electric power generation unit. In this method, the Archimedes- gravity energy system has a structure and operational principle similar to the two methods shown in FIG.s 2 and 3, including: Liquid environment inside or outside the tank (1); Tank (2); Float system (3); Lifting and lowering unit (4); Drive system (5); Electric power generation unit (6); Control unit (7); Air environment inside or outside the tank (8); Collection chamber (9); Launch chamber (10); Inlet (11); Pump system and suction chamber (12); Lock (13); Launch door (14). The pulling force in this method is limited by the value: F_max=P, thus the Archimedes-gravity energy system is constrained in its ability to do work, which in turn limits the power generation capacity. This method will achieve high power generation efficiency when additional load AP is applied during the descent in the air environment, allowing the float system to be more compact since it does not require a large upward force. This is suitable for energy storage models. The loading can be done by using liquid to fill inside the float to increase its weight; when the float reaches the end of its journey, the liquid is discharged, and the float is sealed again as before.

As shown in FIG. 5: According to another method of the invention, a continuous liquid environment is utilized, and a load AP\Delta PAP is employed to lower the float. The Archimedes-gravity energy system consists of: Control unit (6); Liquid environment (1); Float system (2); Loading unit (3); Drive system (4); Electric power generation unit (5).

The control unit (6) manages all signals and controls the dynamics. The liquid environment (1) is a continuous environment for immersing the float and generating the Archimedes buoyancy force Fa acting on the float. This environment must have sufficient space to accommodate the operating float system and enough depth to ensure that the energy produced exceeds the energy consumed. A deeper and larger liquid environment allows for larger volume floats, resulting in a greater Archimedes buoyancy force Fa. The movement journey hl of the float in the liquid environment is longer, increasing the operating time for the electric generation unit for each float journey, thereby producing more electrical energy.

Float system (2): The floats are linked together at specific intervals to form a cohesive system that generates a large pulling force FFF and maintains this pulling force continuously to drive the electric generation unit, producing a continuous flow of electricity. The floats, immersed in the liquid environment, generate Archimedes buoyancy and can take various forms: spherical, cylindrical, etc. The float system will drive the drive system (4).

Loading unit (3): This unit adds weight to the float system (2) so that the float system can move downward from the surface to the bottom of the liquid. When each float reaches the bottom, the load AP will automatically release from the float, allowing the float to begin its upward journey again.

Drive system and electric generation unit (4): This unit is linked to the float system (2) to receive the pulling force from the float system and drive the electric generation unit. It can consist of mechanical, hydraulic, or electromagnetic components.

Electric generation unit (5): This includes generator sets linked to the drive system (4) via a gearbox, causing the generator unit to rotate and produce electrical energy. The gearbox adjusts the rotation speed to match that of the electric generation unit.

When the load is brought to the bottom of the liquid, energy is required to retrieve it back to the surface for use, consuming some of the initial energy. If the load is not retrieved, it can only be used once. This method of the solution is suitable for energy storage models.

As shown in FIG. 6: According to another method of the invention, similar to the method in Figure 5, this approach uses a pulling mechanism AF to raise the float to the surface. The Archimedes-gravity energy system consists of: Control unit (6); Liquid environment (1); Float system (2); Pulling unit (3); Drive system (4); Electric power generation unit (5).

The control unit (6) manages all signals and controls the dynamics. The liquid environment (1) is a continuous medium for immersing the float and generating the Archimedes buoyancy force Fa acting on the float. This environment must have sufficient space to accommodate the operational float system and enough depth to ensure that the energy produced exceeds the energy consumed. A deeper and larger liquid environment allows for larger volume floats, resulting in a greater Archimedes buoyancy force Fa. The movement journey hl of the float in the liquid environment is longer, increasing the operational time for the electric generation unit during each float journey, thereby producing more electrical energy.

Float system (2): The floats are linked together at specific intervals to form a cohesive system that generates a large pulling force F and maintains this pulling force continuously to drive the electric generation unit, producing a continuous flow of electricity. The floats, immersed in the liquid environment, generate Archimedes buoyancy and can take various forms: spherical, cylindrical, etc. The float system will drive the drive system (4).

Pulling unit (3): This unit supplements the pulling force for the float system (2) so that the float system can move upward from the surface to the bottom of the liquid. When each float reaches the liquid surface, the pulling force AF will automatically disconnect from the float, allowing the float to begin its downward journey again.

This method of the solution is not advantageous in terms of force. In the above, the invention has been described in detail according to the preferred implementation methods and may include alternative or equivalent methods or specific examples, using appropriate descriptions and terminology so that an average person skilled in the art can understand and implement the solution according to the invention. Therefore, a person with an average understanding of the relevant technical field can easily create changes, modifications, or equivalent substitutions based on the contents and methods described. As such, these changes, modifications, or equivalent substitutions are considered to be within the scope of the invention, and the protection scope of the invention is clearly not limited by the described contents and methods but is defined in the claims for protection below.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. The Archimedes-gravity energy system includes:

External liquid medium outside the barrier tank (1);

Barrier tank (2);

Buoy system (3);

Lifting and lowering mechanism (4);

Drive system (5);

Generator unit (6);

Control unit (7);

Air medium inside the barrier tank (8);

Receiving chamber (9);

Launch chamber (10);

Inlet door (11);

Pump system and suction chamber (12);

Lock (13);

Launch door (14).

In which:

The external liquid medium (1) is used to immerse the buoy, generating the Archimedes' buoyant force, a component of the pulling force to move the buoy.

The barrier tank (2) is placed in the liquid medium ( 1 ) to separate the continuous liquid medium into two independent liquid/air environments, creating two work cycles: the buoy rises in the liquid medium (1) and descends in the air medium (8). The barrier tank can be in the shape of a prism, such as a cylindrical, square, rectangular shape, or wall-like structure. The barrier tank has a receiving chamber (9) and a launch chamber (10), with a pump system at the bottom to remove any leaking liquid into the tank. The barrier tank may also be equipped with a roof and a solar power system on the roof.

The launch chamber (10) contains the buoy before it enters the liquid medium, including an inlet door (11) and a launch door (14), with a pump and suction chamber (12) to draw liquid from the launch chamber to the outside, and a lock (13) to allow liquid into the launch chamber after loading the buoy. The launch chamber has a mechanism to launch the buoy into the launch chamber, where the buoy is attached to the buoy system by mechanical/hydraulic/electromagnetic connections.

The buoy system (3) connects the buoys to generate continuous pulling force through the buoyant force effect. The buoy system automatically connects to the drive system (5) via an automatic locking mechanism.

The lifting and lowering mechanism (4) pulls the buoy system from the drive system through the receiving chamber (9) to raise it above the surface of the liquid medium (1). The buoy is introduced into the launch chamber (10) by the buoy launching mechanism of the launch chamber. When the buoy enters the launch chamber (10), it is attached to the buoy system and then launched outside to begin its ascent in the liquid medium (1).

The drive system (5) receives the pulling force from the buoy system (3) and drives the generator unit through a gearbox and governor. The drive system automatically connects with the buoy system using self-locking mechanisms. The two systems start connecting when the buoy exits the launch chamber and separate when the buoy completes its journey in the liquid medium to the equilibrium position. The generator unit (6) receives motion from the upward journey of the drive system (5) to generate electricity. To produce electricity with the required frequency, the generator unit needs a gearbox and a governor to transfer rotational motion from the drive system (5) with a corresponding gear ratio to the rotational speed of the generator system. The governor’s task is to stabilize the rotational speed in accordance with the generator unit’s speed.

The control unit (7) controls all signals and dynamics using solar energy and partly from the electricity generated by the system.

2. The Archimedes-gravity energy system according to claim 1, in which:

The liquid medium is inside the barrier tank (2) and the air medium is outside the barrier tank (2); the receiving chamber (9) functions to retrieve the buoy from within the tank and then transfer it outside the barrier tank (2). The launch chamber (10) functions to launch the buoy into the tank (2). The pump system and suction chamber (12) draw liquid to fill the launch chamber after each buoy launch for recovery and reuse. When the liquid is water and has a supplementary source, it can be discharged into the natural environment.

3. The Archimedes-gravity energy system according to claims 1 and 2, in which:

The motion trajectory of the buoy system in the air medium is used to drive the generator unit (6) into operation. At this time, the buoy's motion in the liquid has the function of retrieving the buoy so that the system can repeat the working cycle;

To increase the electricity generation efficiency, the system can be loaded with a dynamic load AP during the descent in the air, by filling the buoy with liquid. At the end of the journey, the liquid inside the buoy is discharged, requiring the buoy to have a closure mechanism that ensures it is sealed.

4. The Archimedes-gravity energy system: When the liquid medium is continuous, the buoy always floats on the surface, using the dynamic load AP to move the buoy down to the bottom of the liquid medium;

The system consists of; control unit (6); liquid medium (1); buoy system (2); loading unit (3); drive system (4); generator unit (5). In which:

The control unit (6) controls all signals and dynamics for the system to operate;

The liquid medium (1) immerses the buoy, generating the Archimedes' buoyant force Fa acting on the buoy, creating motion;

The buoy system (2): the buoys are linked at specific intervals to form a buoy system, generating a large pulling force F that drives the drive system (4). The buoy can be in solid forms: spherical, cylindrical, etc.;

The loading unit (3): adds load to the buoy system (2) so that the buoy system moves down from the surface to the bottom of the liquid. When the buoy reaches the bottom of the liquid, the dynamic load AP will be removed from the buoy, allowing the buoy to start its ascent;

The drive system for the generator unit (4) is connected to the buoy system (2) to receive the pulling force from the buoy system to drive the generator unit;

The generator unit (5) is driven by the drive system (4) through a gearbox, causing the generator to rotate and produce electrical energy. The gearbox adjusts the rotation speed to match that of the generator unit;

After the dynamic load is brought down to the bottom of the liquid, energy is required to retrieve it to the surface for use. If the dynamic load is a liquid filled inside the buoy, compressed air is used to remove the liquid from the buoy, which results in energy consumption.

5. The Archimedes-gravity energy system according to claim 4, in which: • When the liquid medium is continuous, the buoy is always submerged at the bottom of the liquid medium, using the pulling mechanism AF to raise the buoy to the surface of the liquid. The system consists of: o Control unit (6); liquid medium (1); buoy system (2); pulling unit (3); drive system (4); generator unit (5). In which:

• The control unit (6) manages all signals and dynamics for the system to operate;

- The liquid medium (1) immerses the buoy, generating the Archimedes' buoyant force Fa acting on the buoy, creating motion;

- The buoy system (2): the buoys are linked at specific intervals to form a buoy system, generating a large pulling force F that drives the drive system (4). The buoy can be in solid forms: spherical, cylindrical, etc.;

• The buoy pulling unit (3): adds pulling force to the buoy system (2) so that the buoy system moves upward from the surface to the bottom of the liquid. When each buoy reaches the surface of the liquid, the dynamic load AF will automatically disengage from the buoy, allowing the buoy to start its downward journey;

- The drive system for the generator unit (4) is connected to the buoy system (2) to receive the pulling force from the buoy system, driving the generator unit;

- The generator unit (5) is driven by the drive system (4) through a gearbox, causing the generator to rotate and produce electrical energy. The gearbox adjusts the rotation speed to match that of the generator unit.