WO2025146137A1 - 抗liv-1抗体药物偶联物及其用途 - Google Patents
抗liv-1抗体药物偶联物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of biomedicine and relates to a class of antibody-drug conjugates with novel structures, a preparation method thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the conjugate, and use of the conjugate as an anti-tumor drug.
- antibody-drug conjugate combines the tumor targeting of antibodies with the efficient killing effect of toxin molecules by connecting monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to tumor cell surface antigens with biologically active toxin molecules, while avoiding the defects of the former, such as low efficacy and the latter, such as excessive toxic side effects and poor drugability.
- ADC drugs can accurately target tumor cells and reduce the impact on normal cells, so as to achieve a safer and more effective anti-tumor effect.
- LIV-1 is a zinc transporter, also known as SLC39A6 or ZIP6. Its encoding gene is located on chromosome 18q12.2. It is a multi-transmembrane protein with zinc transporter and metalloproteinase activity. LIV-1 is a member of the SLC39A family (ZIP family). Its main physiological function is to promote the transport of extracellular zinc ions to the cytoplasm, so that other family members can jointly maintain the homeostasis of zinc ions in the cell.
- LIV-1 has been shown to interact with transcription factors STAT3 and Snail, thereby downregulating the expression of E-cadherin to promote EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), thereby playing a role in the transport and migration of tumor cells.
- LIV-1 is not expressed in most normal tissues, and is only positively expressed in the breast, testis, and prostate. Studies have shown that LIV-1 is significantly highly expressed in a variety of tumors, especially in breast cancer, with a positive expression rate of up to 93%. In addition to breast cancer, LIV-1 is also highly expressed in a variety of solid tumors, such as melanoma (82%), prostate cancer (72%), ovarian cancer (48%), uterine cancer, lung cancer, etc.
- the ADC drug ladiratuzumab vdotin (SGN-LIV1A) targeting LIV-1 is in clinical phase 2 and has been proven to bring clinical benefits to patients with breast cancer, especially triple-negative breast cancer, further verifying that LIV-1 is a potential target for advanced solid tumors.
- the present disclosure provides an antibody-drug conjugate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the general structural formula of which is Pc-(LD) n ,
- D is a cytotoxic drug
- L is a linker unit
- Pc is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to LIV-1;
- the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region (VH) or/and a light chain variable region (VL), wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises HCDR1, HCDR2 and HCDR3, or/and the light chain variable region comprises LCDR1, LCDR2 and LCDR3, and the HCDR1-3 or/and the LCDR1-3 are selected from the following combinations:
- the HCDR1-3 are SEQ ID NOs: 13-15; or/and the LCDR1-3 are SEQ ID NOs: 16-18;
- the HCDR1-3 are SEQ ID NOs: 19-21; or/and the LCDR1-3 are SEQ ID NOs: 22-24;
- the HCDR1-3 are SEQ ID NOs: 25-27; or/and the LCDR1-3 are SEQ ID NOs: 28-30;
- the HCDR1-3 and/or the LCDR1-3 have a sequence with at least 80% identity, or a sequence with at most 3 insertion, deletion or substitution mutations compared to each CDR in any group of the HCDR1-3 and LCDR1-3 in groups (1) to (3); preferably, the at least 80% identity is 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100% identity;
- n is a real number ranging from 1 to 16.
- the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region (VH) and/or a light chain variable region (VL), and the heavy chain variable region and/or the light chain variable region are selected from the following:
- the heavy chain variable region is the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, or/and the light chain variable region is the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2;
- the heavy chain variable region is the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, or/and the light chain variable region is the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4;
- the heavy chain variable region is the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, or/and the light chain variable region is the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6;
- the heavy chain variable region and/or the light chain variable region have a sequence that is at least 80% identical to the heavy chain variable region and/or the light chain variable region in any one of the above groups (1) to (3), or a sequence in which at most three insertion, deletion or substitution mutations occur; preferably, the at least 80% identity is 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100% identity.
- the antibody or its antigen-binding fragment comprises a heavy chain constant region sequence and/or a light chain constant region sequence; optionally, the heavy chain constant region and/or the light chain constant region are selected from a complete constant region sequence or a fragment thereof, and the constant region fragment comprises CH1, hinge region, CH2, CH3 or Fc; optionally, the heavy chain constant region is selected from human or mouse IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4 constant region, and the light chain constant region is selected from human or mouse kappa constant region or lamda constant region; optionally, the antibody or its antigen-binding fragment comprises a complete heavy chain and a light chain, the heavy chain consists of the VH and the heavy chain constant region, and the heavy chain constant region has a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 11, and the light chain consists of the VL and the light chain constant region, and the light chain constant region has a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 12.
- the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is:
- the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is selected from the group consisting of a monoclonal antibody, a polyclonal antibody, a natural antibody, an engineered antibody, a monospecific antibody, a multispecific antibody (e.g., a bispecific antibody), a monovalent antibody, a multivalent antibody, a full-length antibody, an antibody fragment, a naked antibody, a conjugated antibody, a humanized antibody, a fully human antibody, Fab, Fab', F(ab') 2 , Fd, Fv, scFv, a diabody or a single domain antibody.
- the antigen-binding fragment is selected from one or more of F(ab) 2 , Fab', Fab, Fv, scFv, bispecific antibody, nanobody, and the minimum recognition unit of an antibody.
- the aforementioned antibody-drug conjugate of the general formula Pc-(LD) n or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the cytotoxic drug is selected from a microtubule protein inhibitor, a DNA damaging agent or a topoisomerase inhibitor, the microtubule protein inhibitor includes but is not limited to dolastatin, auristatin, maytansine, tubulysins and cryptomycins, the DNA damaging agent includes but is not limited to PBD drugs, and the topoisomerase inhibitor includes but is not limited to camptothecin drugs.
- the cytotoxic drug is selected from a topoisomerase I inhibitor or an auristatin.
- the cytotoxic drug is selected from the compound represented by formula (DI),
- R 4 is selected from H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
- R 6 is selected from H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
- the R 1 , R 2 and the atoms to which they are attached together form
- R4 is selected from H.
- R 5 is selected from H.
- R 6 is selected from H.
- R 7 is selected from cyclopropyl.
- the compound represented by formula (DI) is selected from
- L1 is selected from the peptide residues of Val-Cit or Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly.
- m1 is 5.
- the linker unit L is Its a-terminal is covalently linked to Pc, and its b-terminal is covalently linked to the cytotoxic drug.
- the aforementioned general formula is an antibody-drug conjugate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of Pc-(LD) n , wherein n is selected from a real number of 1 to 16, for example, n is selected from a real number of 2 to 12, for example, n is selected from a real number of 4 to 10, for example, n is selected from a real number of 3 to 9, for example, n is selected from a real number of 4 to 8, for example, n is selected from a real number of 6 to 8, for example, n is selected from a real number of 3 to 5.
- n is selected from a real number of 3 to 9, for example, n is 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.9, 9.1 7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4,
- n is selected from a real number of 6 to 8, for example, n is 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9 or 8.0.
- n is selected from a real number of 3 to 5, for example, n is 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9 or 5.0.
- the antibody-drug conjugate of the general formula Pc-(LD) n disclosed herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is selected from the following compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
- the present disclosure provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding the aforementioned antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof.
- the present disclosure provides an expression vector comprising the aforementioned nucleic acid molecule.
- the present disclosure provides a host cell isolated from the aforementioned nucleic acid molecule, or the aforementioned expression vector; preferably, the host cell is a eukaryotic cell or a prokaryotic cell; more preferably, the host cell is derived from a mammalian cell, a yeast cell, an insect cell, Escherichia coli and/or Bacillus subtilis; more preferably, the host cell is selected from Expi293 or CHO cells.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure further comprises other therapeutic agents; preferably, each part of the pharmaceutical composition, such as the antibody-drug conjugate and other therapeutic agents, can be packaged independently or in combination.
- the present disclosure provides a method for treating mammalian tumors, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the aforementioned antibody-drug conjugate of the general formula Pc-(L-D)n or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof to a mammal, preferably a human, in need of such treatment.
- the tumor is a tumor that expresses LIV-1.
- the present disclosure provides the use of the antibody-drug conjugate of the aforementioned general formula Pc-(L-D)n or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or its pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of a drug for treating tumors.
- the tumor is a tumor that expresses LIV-1.
- the tumor is selected from the group consisting of breast cancer (e.g., triple-negative breast cancer), prostate cancer, gynecological tumors, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, intestinal cancer, kidney cancer, squamous cell carcinoma (e.g., bladder, head, neck, and lung), skin cancer (e.g., melanoma), small cell lung cancer, or lung carcinoid.
- breast cancer e.g., triple-negative breast cancer
- prostate cancer e.g., gynecological tumors
- ovarian cancer endometrial cancer
- cervical cancer e.g., liver cancer, gastric cancer, intestinal cancer, kidney cancer, squamous cell carcinoma (e.g., bladder, head, neck, and lung), skin cancer (e.g., melanoma), small cell lung cancer, or lung carcinoid.
- squamous cell carcinoma e.g., bladder, head, neck, and lung
- the antibody-drug conjugate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof can be used in combination with other therapeutic agents; preferably, the therapeutic agent can be a chemotherapeutic agent or an immune checkpoint inhibitor; more preferably, the combined therapy used in combination provides a synergistic therapeutic effect in treating tumors.
- the antibody-drug conjugate disclosed herein can specifically recognize the LIV-1 target, has better homogeneity and good plasma stability in mammalian (e.g., human or monkey) plasma, and/or has a stronger tumor inhibition effect, lower toxicity and longer in vivo half-life; its higher safety and effectiveness have broad clinical application prospects in the treatment of diseases such as tumors.
- DAR drug-to-antibody ratio
- antigen binding molecule is used in the broadest sense herein to refer to a molecule that specifically binds to an antigen.
- antigen binding molecules include, but are not limited to, antibodies or antibody mimetics.
- Antibody mimetics refers to organic compounds or binding domains that are able to specifically bind to an antigen but are unrelated to the antibody structure, and exemplarily, antibody mimetics include, but are not limited to, affibodies, affitins, affilins, designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins), nucleic acid aptamers, or Kunitz-type domain peptides.
- DARPins ankyrin repeat proteins
- antibody is used in the broadest sense herein and refers to a polypeptide or polypeptide combination that contains sufficient sequence from the variable region of the heavy chain of an immunoglobulin and/or sufficient sequence from the variable region of the light chain of an immunoglobulin, so as to be able to specifically bind to an antigen.
- Antibodies herein encompass various forms and various structures, as long as they exhibit the desired antigen binding activity.
- Antibodies herein include alternative protein scaffolds or artificial scaffolds with transplanted complementary determining regions (CDRs) or CDR derivatives.
- Such scaffolds include antibody-derived scaffolds (which include mutations introduced to, for example, stabilize the three-dimensional structure of the antibody) and fully synthetic scaffolds including, for example, biocompatible polymers.
- Such scaffolds may also include non-antibody-derived scaffolds, such as scaffold proteins known in the art that can be used to transplant CDRs, including but not limited to tenascin, fibronectin, peptide aptamers, and the like.
- immunoglobulins Due to the different amino acid compositions and arrangement orders of the constant regions of the heavy chains of immunoglobulins, their antigenicity is also different. Based on this, the "immunoglobulins" in this article can be divided into five categories, or called immunoglobulin isotypes, namely IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA and IgE, and their corresponding heavy chains are ⁇ chain, ⁇ chain, ⁇ chain, ⁇ chain and ⁇ chain respectively.
- Ig can be divided into different subclasses according to the difference in the amino acid composition of its hinge region and the number and position of the disulfide bonds of the heavy chain, such as IgG can be divided into IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, and IgA can be divided into IgA1 and IgA2.
- Light chains are divided into ⁇ chains or ⁇ chains by different constant regions. Each of the five types of Ig can have ⁇ chains or ⁇ chains.
- antibodies herein may be derived from any animal, including but not limited to humans and non-human animals, which may be selected from primates, mammals, rodents and vertebrates, such as camelids, llamas, guanacos, alpacas, sheep, rabbits, mice, rats or cartilaginous fish (e.g. sharks).
- Antibody herein includes, but is not limited to, monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, monospecific antibodies, multispecific antibodies (e.g., bispecific antibodies), monovalent antibodies, multivalent antibodies, intact antibodies, fragments of intact antibodies, naked antibodies, conjugated antibodies, chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, or fully human antibodies.
- the term "monoclonal antibody” refers to an antibody obtained from a substantially homogeneous antibody population, i.e., except for possible variants (e.g., containing naturally occurring mutations or generated during the production of the preparation, such variants are usually present in small amounts), the individual antibodies comprising the population are identical and/or bind to the same epitope. In contrast to polyclonal antibody preparations that typically include different antibodies directed against different determinants (epitopes), each monoclonal antibody in a monoclonal antibody preparation is directed against a single determinant on the antigen.
- the modifier "monoclonal" herein should not be interpreted as requiring the production of the antibody or antigen-binding molecule by any particular method.
- monoclonal antibodies can be made by a variety of techniques, including, but not limited to, hybridoma technology, recombinant DNA methods, phage library display technology, and methods using transgenic animals containing all or part of the human immunoglobulin loci and other methods known in the art.
- natural antibody refers to antibodies produced and paired by the immune system of a multicellular organism.
- engineered antibody herein refers to non-natural antibodies obtained by techniques such as genetic engineering and antibody engineering, and illustratively, “engineered antibodies” include humanized antibodies, small molecule antibodies (e.g., scFv, etc.), bispecific antibodies, and the like.
- the term "monospecific" is intended to mean having one or more binding sites, wherein each binding site binds to the same epitope of the same antigen.
- multispecific antibody refers to an antibody having at least two antigen-binding sites, each of which binds to a different epitope of the same antigen or to a different epitope of different antigens.
- terms such as “bispecific”, “trispecific”, “tetraspecific”, etc. refer to the number of different epitopes to which an antibody/antigen-binding molecule can bind.
- valent refers to the presence of a specified number of binding sites in an antibody/antigen binding molecule.
- monovalent divalent
- tetravalent hexavalent
- Fully length antibody and “intact antibody” are used interchangeably herein and refer to antibodies having a structure substantially similar to that of a native antibody.
- Antigen-binding fragment and “antibody fragment” are used interchangeably herein, which do not have the entire structure of an intact antibody, but only contain a portion or a partial variant of an intact antibody, and the portion or a partial variant has the ability to bind to an antigen.
- Antigen-binding fragment or “antibody fragment” herein includes but is not limited to Fab, Fab', Fab'-SH, F(ab') 2 , Fv, VHH and scFv.
- Papain digestion of intact antibodies generates two identical antigen-binding fragments, called “Fab” fragments, each containing the variable domains of the heavy and light chains, as well as the constant domain of the light chain and the first constant domain (CH1) of the heavy chain.
- Fab fragment herein refers to an antibody fragment comprising the VL domain and constant domain (CL) of the light chain, and the VH domain and first constant domain (CH1) of the heavy chain.
- Fab' fragments differ from Fab fragments by the addition of a few residues at the carboxyl terminus of the CH1 domain of the heavy chain, including one or more cysteines from the hinge region of the antibody.
- Fab'-SH is a Fab' fragment in which the cysteine residues of the constant domains carry free thiol groups. Pepsin treatment produces a F(ab') 2 fragment with two antigen-binding sites (two Fab fragments) and a portion of the Fc region.
- scFv single-chain variable fragment
- Such scFv molecules may have a general structure: NH2 - VL-linker-VH-COOH or NH2 - VH-linker-VL-COOH.
- Suitable prior art linkers consist of repeated GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 31) amino acid sequences or variants thereof.
- GGGGS amino acid sequence
- a linker having an amino acid sequence (GGGGS) 4 SEQ ID NO: 32
- a disulfide bond may also exist between the VH and VL of the scFv to form a disulfide-linked Fv (dsFv).
- diabody refers to antibodies whose VH and VL domains are expressed on a single polypeptide chain, but using a linker that is too short to allow pairing between the two domains on the same chain, thereby forcing the domains to pair with the complementary domains of another chain and create two antigen-binding sites.
- single domain antibody (sdAb), "VHH", and “nanobody” have the same meaning and are used interchangeably, referring to cloning the variable region of the heavy chain of an antibody to construct a single domain antibody consisting of only one heavy chain variable region (VH), which is the smallest antigen-binding fragment with complete functions.
- the heavy chain variable region (VH) consists of 3 CDR regions and 4 FR regions, and the order from the amino terminus to the carboxyl terminus is: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, FR4.
- minimum recognition unit of an antibody refers to an antibody that contains only one complementary determining region (CDR) polypeptide, also known as a hypervariable region polypeptide.
- CDR complementary determining region
- the molecular mass of this unit is only about 1% of the complete antibody, but it can still bind to the corresponding antigen.
- chimeric antibody refers to an antibody in which a portion of its light chain and/or heavy chain is derived from one antibody (which may be derived from a particular species or belong to a particular antibody class or subclass), and another portion of the light chain and/or heavy chain is derived from another antibody (which may be derived from the same or different species or belong to the same or different antibody class or subclass), but in any case, it still retains binding activity to the target antigen.
- Fully human antibody refers to an antibody having a variable region in which both FR and CDR are derived from human germline immunoglobulin sequences. In addition, if the antibody comprises a constant region, the constant region is also derived from human germline immunoglobulin sequences.
- Fully human antibodies herein may include amino acid residues not encoded by human germline immunoglobulin sequences (e.g., mutations introduced by random or site-specific mutagenesis in vitro or by somatic mutations in vivo). However, "fully human antibodies” herein do not include antibodies in which CDR sequences derived from the germline of another mammalian species (e.g., mouse) have been transplanted to human framework sequences.
- naked antibody herein refers to an antibody that is not connected, fused or conjugated to another agent or molecule (e.g., a label or drug), a peptide or a polypeptide.
- a naked antibody expressed by a mammalian host cell can be glycosylated by the glycosylation machinery (e.g., glycosylase) of the host cell.
- the naked antibody when expressed by a host cell that does not have its own glycosylation machinery (e.g., glycosylase), the naked antibody is not glycosylated.
- the naked antibody is a complete antibody, while in other embodiments, the naked antibody is an antigen-binding fragment of a complete antibody, such as a Fab antibody.
- complementarity determining region and “CDR” are used interchangeably herein, usually referring to the hypervariable region (HVR) of the heavy chain variable region (VH) or light chain variable region (VL). This site is also called the complementarity determining region because it can form precise complementarity with the antigen epitope in spatial structure.
- HVR hypervariable region
- VH heavy chain variable region
- VL light chain variable region
- HCDR heavy chain variable region
- LCDR light chain variable region
- framework region or "FR region” is interchangeable and refers to those amino acid residues other than CDR in the heavy chain variable region or light chain variable region of an antibody.
- a typical antibody variable region is usually composed of four FR regions and three CDR regions in the following order: FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4.
- a typical "full-length antibody heavy chain constant region” consists of a CH1 domain-hinge region-CH2 domain-CH3 domain; when the antibody is IgE, it also includes a CH4 domain; when the antibody is a heavy chain antibody, it does not include a CH1 domain.
- a typical "heavy chain constant region fragment” can be selected from a CH1, Fc or CH3 domain.
- light chain constant region refers to the carboxyl terminal portion of the antibody light chain, which is not directly involved in the binding of the antibody to an antigen, and the light chain constant region can be selected from a constant kappa domain or a constant lambda domain.
- pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to a salt of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base, including a salt formed between a compound and an inorganic acid or an organic acid, and a salt formed between a compound and an inorganic base or an organic base.
- pharmaceutically acceptable excipients refers to those excipients that have no significant irritation to the organism and do not impair the biological activity and performance of the active compound. Suitable excipients are well known to those skilled in the art, such as carbohydrates, waxes, water-soluble and/or water-swellable polymers, hydrophilic or hydrophobic materials, gelatin, oils, solvents, water, etc.
- EC50 refers to the half-maximal effective concentration, which includes the antibody concentration that induces a response halfway between baseline and maximum after a specified exposure time. EC50 essentially represents the antibody concentration at which 50% of its maximal effect is observed, and can be measured by methods known in the art.
- LIV-1 in this article, also written as LIV1 or LIV 1, is a zinc transporter, also known as SLC39A6 or ZIP6. Its encoding gene is located on chromosome 18q12.2. It is a multi-transmembrane protein with zinc transporter and metalloproteinase activities.
- Figure 1 FACS detection of the binding reaction of LIV1 ADC and monoclonal antibody with MCF-7 cells.
- Figure 2 In vitro proliferation inhibition test of ADC on tumor cells.
- FIG. 1 Tumor growth curve of OVCAR3 subcutaneous tumor model.
- FIG. 1 Tumor growth curve of NCI-H838 subcutaneous tumor model.
- Figure 8 Tumor growth curve of MCF-7 subcutaneous tumor model.
- the heavy and light chain variable region sequences and heavy chain constant region/light chain constant region sequences of anti-human LIV-1 monoclonal antibodies are shown in Table 1 below, and the CDR sequences divided according to the Kabat format are shown in Table 2 below.
- the nucleic acid sequences encoding the antibody VH and VL were recombined into the expression vector pTT5 with a signal peptide (MGWSWILLFLLSVTAGVHS, SEQ ID NO: 33) and heavy chain constant region/light chain constant region sequences to obtain a recombinant plasmid expressing VH-CH/VL-CL.
- the plasmid and transfection reagent PEI (Polysciences, catalog number: 24765-1) were added to OPTI-MEM (Gibco, catalog number: 11058021), mixed and allowed to stand for 15 minutes, and then added to Expi293F cells (Thermofisher, catalog number: A14527), and cultured in a shaking incubator at 5% CO 2 , 120 rpm, and 37°C.
- OPM-293ProFeed (Shanghai Aopumai, catalog number: F081918-001) and 6 g/L glucose (Sigma, catalog number: G7528) were added.
- the cell supernatant was collected.
- Ladiratuzumab is a positive control human LIV1 antibody, and the antibody sequence is derived from US20200165335A.
- SEC purity analysis SEC-HPLC method was used to analyze the protein samples to characterize the molecular size uniformity of the recombinant protein and determine the purity of the recombinant protein.
- the HPLC used in this method was Agilent 1260
- the chromatographic column was TSKgel G3000SWXL from Tosoh Bioscience
- the mobile phase was 200mM phosphate buffer pH 7.0 containing 10% isopropanol
- the detection temperature was 25°C
- the flow rate was 0.5mL/min
- the detection wavelength was 280nm
- the target protein loading was 50 ⁇ g
- the analysis time was 40 minutes.
- the chromatogram was analyzed by manual integration method, and the protein purity was calculated according to the area normalization method.
- the main peak was considered to be a monomer
- the chromatographic peak before the main peak was called an aggregate
- the chromatographic peak after the main peak was called a fragment.
- the mass spectrometry data analysis software Biopharma Finder 4.1 was used to perform deconvolution processing using the Respect algorithm to calculate the molecular weight information of the light and heavy chain mass spectrum peaks and the mass spectrum response signals of each component, thereby calculating the DAR value of the ADC sample to be tested.
- Example 4 Flow cytometry (FACS) assay to detect the binding activity of LIV1 ADC and monoclonal antibodies to endogenous cells MCF-7
- Human breast cancer cells MCF-7 (from ATCC, LIV-1 highly expressed) expressing human LIV-1 protein were expanded and cultured in T-75 cell culture flasks to the logarithmic growth phase, the culture supernatant was discarded by centrifugation, the cell pellet was washed once with PBS, inoculated in a 96-well plate at a density of 2E5 cells/well, centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded; LIV1 ADC and monoclonal antibody were diluted to 100 nM, 5-fold gradient dilution was performed at 8 points, 50 ul was added to each well of the cells, resuspended, incubated at 4°C for 1 hour, washed twice with PBS, and 50 ul of secondary antibody (Alexa Fluor 647AffiniPure Goat Anti-Human IgG (H+L) (purchased from Jackson Immuno, catalog number: 109-605-088)), incubated at 4°C for 1
- LIV-1 high-expressing cells MCF-7 and LIV-1 expressing OVCAR-3 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were collected and seeded in a 96-well plate at a density of 2E5 cells/well. After washing with PBS once, LIV1 ADC and monoclonal antibody (final concentration of 100nM) were added respectively and incubated at 4°C for 1 hour. The control group was placed at 4°C, and the endocytosis group was placed at 37°C.
- Human ovarian cancer cells OVCAR3 were purchased from ATCC. RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco#A10491-01), penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco#15140-122), and 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Gibco#25200-056) were purchased from Gibco (USA). Human insulin (Solarbio#40112ES25) was purchased from Solarbio. 96-well plates (Greiner Bio-one#655098) were purchased from Corning (USA). Cell-Titer Glo reagent (Promega#G7568) was purchased from Promega (USA).
- OVCAR3 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum + 10 ⁇ g/mL human insulin + 1% penicillin-streptomycin. All cells were cultured at 37°C and 5% CO 2 , and cells in the logarithmic growth phase were used for experiments.
- Cell proliferation activity detection Cell-Titer Glo reagent was used to detect the inhibitory activity of ADC on the proliferation of OVCAR3 cell line. The cells were digested and blown away from the cell culture flask, resuspended with the corresponding fresh culture medium, and the cell density was adjusted. OVCAR3 cells were 1500 cells/90 ⁇ L/well, inoculated in a 96-well plate, and cultured overnight at 37°C and 5 % CO2.
- the ADC concentration was diluted to 1000nM with complete culture medium, and a 3-fold gradient dilution was performed, with a total of 8 concentration gradients, and then 10 ⁇ L of ADC dilution solution was transferred to the 96-well plate, that is, the ADC concentration was 100nM from beginning to end.
- the 96-well plate was cultured at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 5 days. Cell-Titer Glo reagent was added to detect cell activity.
- a negative control group and a positive control group were set up as Bottom and Top, respectively. The negative control group did not add cells, only the same volume of culture medium was added, and other operations were consistent with the experimental group; the positive control group did not add the test antibody, and other operations were consistent with the experimental group.
- the inhibition percentage (% Inhibition) was calculated and fitted to obtain the IC 50 of the compound.
- Inhibition percentage 1-100% x (Signal-Bottom)/(Top-Bottom).
- Signal refers to the signal value of the experimental group
- Bottom refers to the average signal value of the negative control group
- Top refers to the average signal value of the positive control group.
- mice Female, 5-6 weeks old, weighing approximately 14-20 grams, were purchased from Beijing Weitonglihua Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The mice were housed in an SPF-grade environment with separate ventilation in each cage. All animals had free access to standard certified commercial laboratory diets and free drinking water.
- ADC-2, ADC-3, ADC-1, Ladirazutumab-MMAE and the control ADC-7, ADC-8 was selected from 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg or all of them, and the dosage was intraperitoneally administered once. There were 6 mice in each group.
- TGI (%) [(1-(average tumor volume at the end of drug administration in a treatment group - average tumor volume at the beginning of drug administration in the treatment group)/(average tumor volume at the end of treatment in the solvent control group - average tumor volume at the beginning of treatment in the solvent control group)] x 100%.
- the embodiments of the present invention ADC-2, ADC-3, ADC-1 at 1mpk, 3mpk, 10mpk single intraperitoneal injections (IP) all had significant inhibitory effects on tumor growth (P ⁇ 0.0001); and at 1mpk, 3mpk doses, they were significantly better than Ladirazutumab-MMAE (P ⁇ 0.001, P ⁇ 0.05); at 10mpk, the efficacy of each molecule was similar; in addition, at a dose of 1mpk, ADC-3 was significantly better than ADC-2 (P ⁇ 0.0001); and the tumor inhibition effects of ADC-7 and ADC-8 were significantly weaker than the corresponding ADC molecules (P ⁇ 0.0001).
- the embodiments of the present invention were not found to affect the weight of mice at the doses tried, nor did they cause any mouse deaths, and the mice were tolerable. See Table 6, Figure 3 and Figure 4.
- RPMI-1640 culture medium Gbico; Cat No.: 61870-036
- the 96-well plate was taken out and washed 3 times, His Tag Antibody-HRP (Cat. No.: A00612, purchased from Genscript) diluted 7K times with 1% BSA-PBST solution was added, and the ELISA plate oscillator was placed at 500 rpm and oscillated at room temperature for 1 hour for incubation. After the incubation, the 96-well plate was taken out and washed three times, and 100 ⁇ L TMB colorimetric solution was added to each well. The color was developed at room temperature and away from light for 7-10 minutes. 1M H 2 SO 4 was used to terminate the reaction, and the microplate reader was used to read the wavelength at 450nm-630nm. The collected data was analyzed using four-parameter fitting.
- TGI (%) [(1-(average tumor volume at the end of drug administration in a treatment group - average tumor volume at the beginning of drug administration in the treatment group)/(average tumor volume at the end of treatment in the solvent control group - average tumor volume at the beginning of treatment in the solvent control group)] x 100%.
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Abstract
一种抗体-药物偶联物,其结构通式为Pc-(L-D) n,其中D为细胞毒性药物,L为连接子单元,Pc为特异性结合LIV-1的抗体或其抗原结合片段,n为1-16的实数。
Description
本公开要求于2024年1月5日提交中国专利局、申请号为202410020541.4、发明名称为“抗LIV-1抗体药物偶联物及其用途”的中国专利申请以及的于2024年6月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为202410858956.9、发明名称为“抗LIV-1抗体药物偶联物及其用途”的中国专利申请优先权,其全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
本公开属于生物医药领域,涉及一类结构新颖的抗体-药物偶联物、其制备方法、含有该偶联物的药物组合物以及作为抗肿瘤药物的用途。
抗体-药物偶联物(antibody-drug conjugate,ADC)作为新型的靶向药物,通过将特异性结合肿瘤细胞表面抗原的单克隆抗体与具有生物活性的毒素分子相连,将抗体的肿瘤靶向性和毒素分子的高效杀伤作用相结合,同时又避免了前者疗效偏低和后者毒副作用过大、成药性差等缺陷。与以往传统的化疗药物相比,ADC药物能精准地靶向肿瘤细胞,并降低对正常细胞的影响,以达到更为安全有效的抗肿瘤效果。
LIV-1是一种锌转运蛋白,又称SLC39A6或ZIP6,其编码基因位于染色体18q12.2,为多次跨膜蛋白,具有锌转运蛋白和金属蛋白酶活性。LIV-1是属于SLC39A家族(ZIP家族)成员,主要生理功能是促进细胞外的锌离子转运到细胞质,从而其他家族成员共同维持细胞内的锌离子的稳态;而在肿瘤组织中,LIV-1被证明可以与转录因子STAT3和Snail相互作用,从而下调E-cadherin的表达以促进EMT(上皮-间质细胞转化),进而在肿瘤细胞的转运和迁移中发挥作用。
LIV-1在大多数的正常组织中都不表达,只在乳腺、睾丸及前列腺中有阳性表达。目前已有研究证明LIV-1在多种肿瘤中都具有显著高表达,尤其是乳腺癌中,有高达93%的阳性表达率。除了乳腺癌以外,LIV-1在多种实体瘤中也有高表达,如黑色素瘤(82%)、前列腺癌(72%)、卵巢癌(48%)、子宫癌、肺癌等。目前临床上靶向LIV-1的ADC药物ladiratuzumab vdotin(SGN-LIV1A)已处于临床2期,已被证实可以给乳腺癌尤其是三阴乳腺癌患者带来临床获益,进一步验证了LIV-1是一个靶向晚期实体瘤的有潜力的靶点。
本公开提供一种抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其结构通式为Pc-(L-D)n,
其中,
D为细胞毒性药物;
L为连接子单元;
Pc为特异性结合LIV-1的抗体或其抗原结合片段;
所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包含重链可变区(VH)或/和轻链可变区(VL),所述重链可变区包含HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,或/和所述轻链可变区包含LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3,所述HCDR1-3或/和所述LCDR1-3选自以下组合:
(1)所述HCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:13-15;或/和所述LCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:16-18;
(2)所述HCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:19-21;或/和所述LCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:22-24;
(3)所述HCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:25-27;或/和所述LCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:28-30;
或,
所述HCDR1-3或/和所述LCDR1-3与第(1)-(3)组中任一组所述HCDR1-3和LCDR1-3中的每个CDR相比,具有至少80%同一性的序列,或至多发生3个插入、缺失或替换突变的序列;优选地,所述至少80%同一性为85%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%的同一性;
并且,n为1~16的实数。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包含重链可变区(VH)或/和轻链可变区(VL),所述重链可变区或/和轻链可变区选自以下:
(1)所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:1所示序列,或/和所述轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:2所示序列;
(2)所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:3所示序列,或/和所述轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:4所示序列;
(3)所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:5所示序列,或/和所述轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:6所示序列;
或,
所述重链可变区或/和所述轻链可变区与上述第(1)-(3)组中任一组所述重链可变区或/和轻链可变区相比,具有至少80%同一性的序列,或至多发生3个插入、缺失或替换突变的序列;优选地,所述至少80%同一性为85%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%的同一性。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包括重链恒定区序列和/或轻链恒定区序列;可选地,所述重链恒定区和/或轻链恒定区选自完整的恒定区序列或其片段,所述恒定区片段包括CH1、铰链区、CH2、CH3或Fc;可选地,所述重链恒定区选自人或鼠IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4恒定区,所述轻链恒定区选自人或鼠kappa恒定区或lamda恒定区;可选地,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包括完整的重链和轻链,所述重链由所述VH和重链恒定区组成,所述重链恒定区具有如SEQ ID NO:11所示序列,所述轻链由所述VL和轻链恒定区组成,所述轻链恒定区具有如SEQ ID NO:12所示序列。
在一些实施方案中,所述的抗体或其抗原结合片段为:
(1)嵌合抗体或其片段;
(2)人源化抗体或其片段;和/或,
(3)全人源抗体或其片段;
优选的,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段选自单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、天然抗体、工程化抗体、单特异性抗体、多特异性抗体(例如双特异性抗体)、单价抗体、多价抗体、全长抗体、抗体片段、裸抗体、缀合抗体、人源化抗体、全人源抗体、Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2、Fd、Fv、scFv、双抗体(diabody)或单域抗体。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗原结合片段选自F(ab)2、Fab’、Fab、Fv、scFv、双特异抗体、纳米抗体和抗体的最小识别单位中的一种或多种。
在一些实施方案中,前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述细胞毒性药物选自微管蛋白抑制剂、DNA损伤剂或拓扑异构酶抑制剂,所述微管蛋白抑制剂包括但不限于海兔毒素(dolastatin)类、澳瑞他汀(auristatin)类、美登素(maytansine)类、微管溶素(Tubulysins)类和隐粘菌素(cryptomycins)类药物,所述DNA损伤剂包括但不限于PBD类药物,所述拓扑异构酶抑制剂包括但不限于喜树碱类药物。
在一些实施方案中,所述细胞毒性药物选自拓扑异构酶I抑制剂或澳瑞他汀类药物。
在一些实施方案中,所述细胞毒性药物选自式(D-I)所示化合物,
其中,
R1、R2与它们连接的原子共同形成5-6元杂环,所述5-6元杂环含有1或2个氧原子作为环原子,所述5-6元杂环任选被一个或多个氘原子(即D原子)取代;
R4选自H或C1-C3烷基;
R5选自H、卤素、CN、=O、OH、NH2或C1-C3烷基;
R6选自H或C1-C3烷基;
R7选自H、C1-C3烷基或者C3-C6环烷基,所述C1-C3烷基或C3-C6环烷基任选被氘(D)、卤素、CN、=O、OH、NH2或C1-C3烷基取代。
在一些实施方案中,所述R1、R2与它们连接的原子共同形成
在一些实施方案中,R4选自H。
在一些实施方案中,R5选自H。
在一些实施方案中,R6选自H。
在一些实施方案中,R7选自环丙基。
在一些实施方案中,式(D-I)所示化合物选自
在一些实施方案中,所述细胞毒性药物选自
在一些实施方案中,前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述连接子单元L选自其中,m1选自整数2~8,L1选自由1至8个氨基酸构成的肽残基,所述肽残基进一步任选被卤素、CN、=O、C1-C6烷基、OH、O(C1-C6烷基)、NH2、NH(C1-C6烷基)、N(C1-C6烷基)2、C3-C6环烷基和4-7元杂环基中的一个或多个取代基取代,L2选自
所述连接子单元L的a端与Pc共价连接,b端与细胞毒性药物共价连接。
在一些实施方案中,所述L1选自Val-Cit或Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly的肽残基。
在一些实施方案中,m1为5。
在一些实施方案中,所述连接子单元L为
其a端与Pc共价连接,b端与细胞毒性药物共价连接。
在一些实施方案中,前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中n选自1~16的实数,例如n选自2~12的实数,例如n选自4~10的实数,例如n选自3~9的实数,例如n选自4~8的实数,例如n选自6~8的实数,例如n选自3~5的实数。
在一些实施方案中,n选自3~9的实数,例如n为3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4、5.5、5.6、5.7、5.8、5.9、6.0、6.1、6.2、6.3、6.4、6.5、6.6、6.7、6.8、6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4、7.5、7.6、7.7、7.8、7.9、8.0、8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.6、8.7、8.8、8.9或9.0。
在一些实施方案中,n选自6~8的实数,例如n为6.0、6.1、6.2、6.3、6.4、6.5、6.6、6.7、6.8、6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4、7.5、7.6、7.7、7.8、7.9或8.0。
在一些实施方案中,n选自3~5的实数,例如n为3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9或5.0。
在一些实施方案中,本公开通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐选自以下化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中Pc和n如前述任一定义。
另一方面,本公开提供一种分离的核酸分子,所述核酸分子编码前述所述的抗体或其抗原结合片段。
在一些实施方案中,本公开提供一种包含前述所述的核酸分子的表达载体。
在一些实施方案中,本公开提供了前述所述的核酸分子,或前述所述的表达载体的分离的宿主细胞;优选地,所述宿主细胞是真核细胞或原核细胞;更优选地,所述宿主细胞来源于哺乳动物细胞、酵母细胞、昆虫细胞、大肠杆菌和/或枯草杆菌;更优选地,所述宿主细胞选自Expi293或CHO细胞。
另一方面,本公开提供一种药物组合物,其包含本公开前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的辅料。
另一方面,本公开中的药物组合物还包括其他治疗剂;优选地,所述药物组合物中各部分,例如所述抗体-药物偶联物和其他治疗剂,可以是独立包装的,也可以是组合包装的。
另一方面,本公开提供治疗哺乳动物肿瘤的方法,包括对需要该治疗的哺乳动物,优选人类,给予治疗有效量的前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物。
另一方面,本公开提供前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物在制备治疗肿瘤的药物中的用途。
另一方面,本公开提供前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物在治疗肿瘤中的用途。
另一方面,本公开提供治疗肿瘤的前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物。
在一些实施方案中,所述肿瘤是表达LIV-1的肿瘤。
在一些实施方案中,所述肿瘤选自由下列组成的组:乳腺癌(例如三阴性乳腺癌)、前列腺癌、妇科肿瘤、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌、肠癌、肾癌、鳞状细胞癌(例如膀胱、头、颈及肺)、皮肤癌(例如黑色素瘤)、小细胞肺癌或肺类癌。
另一方面,本公开提供前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物在制备治疗肿瘤的药物中的用途。
在一些实施方案中,所述肿瘤是表达LIV-1的肿瘤。
在一些实施方案中,所述肿瘤选自由下列组成的组:乳腺癌(例如三阴性乳腺癌)、前列腺癌、妇科肿瘤、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌、肠癌、肾癌、鳞状细胞癌(例如膀胱、头、颈及肺)、皮肤癌(例如黑色素瘤)、小细胞肺癌或肺类癌。
另一方面,本公开提供前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物在治疗肿瘤中的用途。
在一些实施方案中,所述肿瘤是表达LIV-1的肿瘤。
在一些实施方案中,所述肿瘤选自由下列组成的组:乳腺癌(例如三阴性乳腺癌)、前列腺癌、妇科肿瘤、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌、肠癌、肾癌、鳞状细胞癌(例如膀胱、头、颈及肺)、皮肤癌(例如黑色素瘤)、小细胞肺癌或肺类癌。
在一些实施方案中,所述抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物可以与其他治疗剂联合使用;优选地,所述治疗剂可以是化学治疗剂或免疫检查点抑制剂;更优选地,联合使用的组合疗法在治疗肿瘤上提供协同治疗效应。
另一方面,本公开提供治疗肿瘤的前述通式为Pc-(L-D)n的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物。
本公开的抗体-药物偶联物,可特异性识别LIV-1靶点,在哺乳动物(例如人或猴)血浆中具有更好的均质性、良好的血浆稳定性,和/或具有较强的抑瘤效果,更低的毒性和更长的体内半衰期;其较高的安全性、有效性在治疗肿瘤等疾病中具有广阔的临床应用前景。
术语定义和说明
除非另有说明,本公开中所用的术语具有下列含义,本公开中记载的基团和术语定义,包括其作为实例的定义、示例性的定义、优选的定义、表格中记载的定义、实施例中具体化合物的定义等,可以彼此之间任意组合和结合。一个特定的术语在没有特别定义的情况下不应该被认为是不确定的或不清楚的,而应该按照本领域普通的含义去理解。当本文中出现商品名时,意在指代其对应的商品或其活性成分。
术语“抗体-药物偶联物”(antibody drug conjugate,ADC),指抗体或其抗原结合片段通过稳定的连接子单元与具有生物活性的药物相连。所述的连接可以是共价键或非共价相互作用例如通过静电力。为了形成免疫缀合物,可以使用本领域中已知的各种连接子。
术语“DAR”或“药物抗体比率”是指每个抗体分子连接的小分子细胞毒性药物的平均数目。在本公开的抗体-药物偶联物中,DAR由变量“n”定义,n既可以是整数,也可以是小数。
本文术语“抗原结合分子”按最广义使用,是指特异性结合抗原的分子。示例性地,抗原结合分子包括但不限于抗体或抗体模拟物。“抗体模拟物”是指能够与抗原特异性结合,但与抗体结构无关的有机化合物或结合域,示例性地,抗体模拟物包括但不限于affibody、affitin、affilin、经设计的锚蛋白重复蛋白(DARPin)、核酸适体或Kunitz型结构域肽。
本文术语“抗体”按最广义使用,是指包含来自免疫球蛋白重链可变区的足够序列和/或来自免疫球蛋白轻链可变区的足够序列,从而能够特异性结合至抗原的多肽或多肽组合。本文“抗体”涵盖各种形式和各种结构,只要它们展现出期望的抗原结合活性。本文“抗体”包括具有移植的互补决定区(CDR)或CDR衍生物的替代蛋白质支架或人工支架。此类支架包括抗体衍生的支架(其包含引入以例如稳定化抗体三维结构的突变)以及包含例如生物相容性聚合物的全合成支架。此类支架还可以包括非抗体衍生的支架,例如本领域已知可用于移植CDR的支架蛋白,包括但不限于肌腱蛋白、纤连蛋白、肽适体等。
本文“抗体”包括一种典型的“四链抗体”,其属于由两条重链(HC)和两条轻链(LC)组成的免疫球蛋白;重链是指这样的多肽链,其在N端到C端的方向上由重链可变区(VH)、重链恒定区CH1结构域、铰链区(HR)、重链恒定区CH2结构域、重链恒定区CH3结构域组成;并且,当所述全长抗体为IgE同种型时,任选地还包括重链恒定区CH4结构域;轻链是在N端到C端方向上由轻链可变区(VL)和轻链恒定区(CL)组成的多肽链;重链与重链之间、重链与轻链之间通过二硫键连接,形成“Y”字型结构。由于免疫球蛋白重链恒定区的氨基酸组成和排列顺序不同,故其抗原性也不同。据此,可将本文“免疫球蛋白”分为五类,或称为免疫球蛋白的同种型,即IgM、IgD、IgG、IgA和IgE,其相应的重链分别为μ链、δ链、γ链、α链和ε链。同一类Ig根据其铰链区氨基酸组成和重链二硫键的数目和位置的差别,又可分为不同的亚类,如IgG可分为IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4,IgA可分为IgA1和IgA2。轻链通过恒定区的不同分为κ链或λ链。五类Ig中的每类Ig都可以有κ链或λ链。
本文“抗体”可以来源于任何动物,包括但不限于人和非人动物,所述非人动物可选自灵长类动物、哺乳动物、啮齿动物和脊椎动物,例如骆驼科动物、大羊驼、原驼、羊驼、羊、兔、小鼠、大鼠或软骨鱼纲(例如鲨)。
本文“抗体”包括但不限于单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、单特异性抗体、多特异性抗体(例如双特异性抗体)、单价抗体、多价抗体、完整抗体、完整抗体的片段、裸抗体、缀合抗体、嵌合抗体、人源化抗体或全人源抗体。
术语“单克隆抗体”是指从基本上同质的抗体群体获得的抗体,即,除了可能的变异体(例如含有天然存在的突变或在制剂的生产过程中产生,此类变体通常以少量存在)之外,包含所述群体的各个抗体是相同的和/或结合相同的表位。与通常包括针对不同决定簇(表位)的不同抗体的多克隆抗体制剂相反,单克隆抗体制剂中的每种单克隆抗体针对抗原上的单一决定簇。本文修饰语“单克隆”不应解释为需要通过任何特定方法产生所述抗体或抗原结合分子。举例来说,单克隆抗体可通过多种技术制得,包括(但不限于)杂交瘤技术、重组DNA方法、噬菌体库展示技术和利用含有全部或部分人免疫球蛋白基因座的转殖基因动物的方法和其它本领域已知的方法。
术语“天然抗体”是指通过多细胞生物体的免疫系统制造和配对的抗体。本文术语“工程化抗体”的抗体是指通过基因工程、抗体工程等技术获得的非天然抗体,示例性地,“工程化抗体”包括人源化抗体、小分子抗体(例如scFv等)、双特异性抗体等等。
术语“单特异性”是指表示具有一个或多个结合位点,其中每个结合位点结合相同抗原的相同表位。
术语“多特异性抗体”是指具有至少两个抗原结合位点,所述至少两个抗原结合位点中的每一个抗原结合位点与相同抗原的不同表位或与不同抗原的不同表位结合。因此,诸如“双特异性”、“三特异性”、“四特异性”等术语是指抗体/抗原结合分子可以结合的不同表位的数目。
术语“价”表示抗体/抗原结合分子中规定数目的结合位点的存在。因此,术语“单价”、“二价”、“四价”和“六价”分别表示抗体/抗原结合分子中一个结合位点、两个结合位点、四个结合位点和六个结合位点的存在。
本文“全长抗体”和“完整抗体”在本文中可互换使用,是指具有基本上与天然抗体结构相似的结构。
本文“抗原结合片段”和“抗体片段”在本文中可互换使用,其不具备完整抗体的全部结构,仅包含完整抗体的局部或局部的变体,所述局部或局部的变体具备结合抗原的能力。本文“抗原结合片段”或“抗体片段”包括但不限于Fab、Fab’、Fab’-SH、F(ab’)2、Fv、VHH和scFv。
完整抗体的木瓜蛋白酶消化生成两个同一的抗原结合片段,称作“Fab”片段,每个含有重和轻链可变域,还有轻链的恒定域和重链的第一恒定域(CH1)。如此,本文术语“Fab片段”指包含轻链的VL域和恒定域(CL)的轻链片段,和重链的VH域和第一恒定域(CH1)的抗体片段。Fab’片段因在重链CH1域的羧基末端增加少数残基而与Fab片段不同,包括来自抗体铰链区的一个或多个半胱氨酸。Fab’-SH是其中恒定域的半胱氨酸残基携带游离硫醇基团的Fab’片段。胃蛋白酶处理产生具有两个抗原结合位点(两个Fab片段)和Fc区的一部分的F(ab’)2片段。
“Fv片段”是由IgG和IgM产生的最小片段,包含完整抗原结合位点,Fv片段具有与Fab相同的结合特性和相似的三维结合特性,Fv片段的VH和VL链通过非共价相互作用结合在一起。
术语“scFv”(single-chain variable fragment)是指包含VL和VH结构域的单个多肽链,其中所述VL和VH通过连接子(linker)相连。此类scFv分子可具有一般结构:NH2-VL-连接子-VH-COOH或NH2-VH-连接子-VL-COOH。合适的现有技术连接子由重复的GGGGS(SEQ ID NO:31)氨基酸序列或其变体组成。例如,可使用具有氨基酸序列(GGGGS)4(SEQ ID NO:32)的连接子,但也可使用其变体。在一些情况下,scFv的VH与VL之间还可以存在二硫键,形成二硫键连接的Fv(dsFv)。
术语“双抗体(diabody)”,其VH和VL结构域在单个多肽链上表达,但使用太短的连接体以致不允许在相同链的两个结构域之间配对,从而迫使结构域与另一条链的互补结构域配对并且产生两个抗原结合部位。
如本文所用,术语“单域抗体”(single domain antibody,sdAb)、“VHH”、“纳米抗体”(nanobody)具有相同的含义并可互换使用,指克隆抗体重链的可变区,构建仅由一个重链可变区(VH)组成的单域抗体,它是具有完整功能的最小的抗原结合片段。所述重链可变区(VH)由3个CDR区和4个FR区组成,从氨基端到羧基端依次排列的顺序为:FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3、FR4。
术语“抗体的最小识别单位”是指,仅含有一个互补决定区(CDR)多肽的抗体,也称为超变区多肽,这种单位的分子质量仅为完整抗体的1%左右,但仍然可以结合相应的抗原。
术语“嵌合抗体(Chimeric antibody)”是指,这样的抗体,其轻链或/和重链的一部分源自一个抗体(其可以源自某一特定物种或属于某一特定抗体类或亚类),且轻链或/和重链的另一部分源自另一个抗体(其可以源自相同或不同的物种或属于相同或不同的抗体类或亚类),但无论如何,其仍保留对目标抗原的结合活性。例如,术语“嵌合抗体”可包括这样的抗体(例如人鼠嵌合抗体),其中抗体的重链和轻链可变区来自第一抗体(例如鼠源抗体),而抗体的重链和轻链恒定区来自第二抗体(例如人源抗体)。
术语“人源化抗体”是指,经基因工程改造的非人源抗体,其氨基酸序列经修饰以提高与人源抗体的序列的同源性。通常而言,人源化抗体的全部或部分CDR区来自于非人源抗体(供体抗体),全部或部分的非CDR区(例如,可变区FR和/或恒定区)来自于人源免疫球蛋白(受体抗体)。人源化抗体通常保留或部分保留了供体抗体的预期性质,包括但不限于,抗原特异性、亲和性、反应性、提高免疫细胞活性的能力、增强免疫应答的能力等。
术语“全人源抗体”是指具有其中FR和CDR二者都源自人种系免疫球蛋白序列的可变区的抗体。此外,如果抗体包含恒定区,则恒定区也源自人种系免疫球蛋白序列。本文全人源抗体可以包括不由人种系免疫球蛋白序列编码的氨基酸残基(例如,通过体外随机或位点特异性诱变或通过体内体细胞突变引入的突变)。然而,本文“全人源抗体”不包括其中来源于另一个哺乳动物物种(例如小鼠)的种系的CDR序列已被移植到人框架序列上的抗体。
本文术语“裸抗体”是指不与另一种作用剂或分子(例如标记或药物)、肽或多肽连接、融合或缀合的抗体。在具体的实施方案中,由哺乳动物宿主细胞表达的裸抗体可被宿主细胞的糖基化机器(例如糖基化酶)糖基化。在某些实施方案,当通过不具有其自身糖基化机器(例如糖基化酶)的宿主细胞表达时,裸抗体不被糖基化。在某些实施方案中,裸抗体是完整抗体,而在其它实施方案中,裸抗体是完整抗体的抗原结合片段,例如Fab抗体。
术语“可变区”是指抗体重链或轻链中牵涉使抗体结合抗原的区域,“重链可变区”与“VH”、“HCVR”可互换使用,“轻链可变区”与“VL”、“LCVR”可互换使用。天然抗体的重链和轻链的可变域(分别是VH和VL)一般具有相似的结构,每个域包含四个保守的框架区(FR)和三个高变区(HVR)。单个VH或VL域可足以赋予抗原结合特异性。本文术语“互补决定区”与“CDR”可互换使用,通常指重链可变区(VH)或轻链可变区(VL)的高变区(HVR),该部位因在空间结构上可与抗原表位形成精密的互补,故又称为互补决定区,其中,重链可变区CDR可缩写为HCDR,轻链可变区CDR可缩写为LCDR。本术语“构架区”或“FR区”可互换,是指抗体重链可变区或轻链可变区中除CDR以外的那些氨基酸残基。通常典型的抗体可变区由4个FR区和3个CDR区按以下顺序组成:FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4。
本文“CDR”可由本领域公知的方式加以标注和定义,包括但不限于Kabat编号系统、Chothia编号系统或IMGT编号系统,使用的工具网站包括但不限于AbRSA网站(http://cao.labshare.cn/AbRSA/cdrs.php)、abYsis网站(www.abysis.org/abysis/sequence_input/key_annotation/key_annotation.cgi)和IMGT网站(http://www.imgt.org/3Dstructure-DB/cgi/DomainGapAlign.cgi#results)。本文CDR包括不同定义方式的氨基酸残基的重叠(overlap)和子集。
本文术语“重链恒定区”是指抗体重链的羧基端部分,其不直接参与抗体与抗原的结合,但是表现出效应子功能,诸如与Fc受体的相互作用,其相对于抗体的可变结构域具有更保守的氨基酸序列。“重链恒定区”至少包含:CH1结构域,铰链区,CH2结构域,CH3结构域,或其变体或片段。“重链恒定区”包括“全长重链恒定区”和“重链恒定区片段”,前者具有基本上与天然抗体恒定区基本相似的结构,而后者仅包括“全长重链恒定区的一部分”。示例性地,典型的“全长抗体重链恒定区”由CH1结构域-铰链区-CH2结构域-CH3结构域组成;当抗体为IgE时,其还包括CH4结构域;当抗体为重链抗体时,则其不包括CH1结构域。示例性地,典型的“重链恒定区片段”可选自CH1、Fc或CH3结构域。
本文术语“轻链恒定区”是指抗体轻链的羧基端部分,其不直接参与抗体与抗原的结合,所述轻链恒定区可选自恒定κ结构域或恒定λ结构域。
本文术语“Fc”是指完整抗体经木瓜蛋白酶水解而成的抗体羧基端部分,典型地,其包含抗体的CH3和CH2结构域。Fc区包括例如天然序列Fc区、重组Fc区和变体Fc区。尽管免疫球蛋白重链的Fc区的边界可以略微变化,但是人IgG重链的Fc区通常被定义为从Cys226位置的氨基酸残基或从Pro230延伸至其羧基末端。Fc区的C末端赖氨酸(根据Kabat编号系统的残基447)可以例如在抗体的产生或纯化过程中,或通过对编码抗体重链的核酸重组工程化而除去,因此,Fc区可包括或不包括Lys447。
本文术语“同一性”可通过以下方式计算获得:为确定两个氨基酸序列或两个核酸序列的“同一性”百分数,将所述序列出于最佳比较目的比对(例如,可以为最佳比对而在第一和第二氨基酸序列或核酸序列之一或二者中引入空位或可以为比较目的而抛弃非同源序列)。随后比较在对应氨基酸位置或核苷酸位置处的氨基酸残基或核苷酸。当第一序列中的位置由第二序列中对应位置处的相同氨基酸残基或核苷酸占据时,则所述分子在这个位置处是相同的。
本文术语“核酸”包括包含核苷酸的聚合物的任何化合物和/或物质。每个核苷酸由碱基,特别是嘌呤或嘧啶碱基(即胞嘧啶(C)、鸟嘌呤(G)、腺嘌呤(A)、胸腺嘧啶(T)或尿嘧啶(U))、糖(即脱氧核糖或核糖)和磷酸基团组成。通常,核酸分子由碱基的序列描述,由此所述碱基代表核酸分子的一级结构(线性结构)。碱基的序列通常表示为5′至3′。在本文中,术语核酸分子涵盖脱氧核糖核酸(DNA),包括例如互补DNA(cDNA)和基因组DNA、核糖核酸(RNA),特别是信使RNA(mRNA)、DNA或RNA的合成形式,以及包含两种或更多种这些分子的混合的聚合物。核酸分子可以是线性的或环状的。此外,术语核酸分子包括有义链和反义链二者,以及单链和双链形式。而且,本文所述的核酸分子可含有天然存在的或非天然存在的核苷酸。非天然存在的核苷酸的例子包括具有衍生的糖或磷酸骨架键合或化学修饰的残基的修饰的核苷酸碱基。核酸分子还涵盖DNA和RNA分子,其适合作为载体用于在体外和/或体内,例如在宿主或患者中,直接表达本发明的抗体。此类DNA(例如cDNA)或RNA(例如mRNA)载体可以是未修饰的或修饰的。例如,可以对mRNA进行化学修饰以增强RNA载体的稳定性和/或被编码分子的表达,从而可以将mRNA注入到受试者内以在体内产生抗体。
如本文所用,术语“载体”包括核酸载体,例如DNA载体(如质粒),RNA载体,病毒或其他适合的复制子(例如病毒载体)。已经开发了多种载体用于将编码外源蛋白质的多核苷酸递送到原核或真核细胞中。本发明的表达载体含有多核苷酸序列以及例如用于表达蛋白质和/或将这些多核苷酸序列整合到哺乳动物细胞基因组中的附加序列元件。可以用于表达本发明的抗体和抗体片段的某些载体包括含有指导基因转录的调控序列(如启动子和增强子区域)的质粒。用于表达抗体和抗体片段的其他有用的载体含有多核苷酸序列,其增强这些基因的翻译速率或改善由基因转录产生的mRNA的稳定性或核输出。这些序列元件包括例如5稳和3稳非翻译区、内部核糖体进入位点(IRES)和聚腺苷酸化信号位点,以便指导表达载体上携带的基因的有效转录。本发明的表达载体还可以含有以下多核苷酸,该多核苷酸编码用于选择含有这种载体的细胞的标记。适合的标记的实例包括编码抗生素(如氨苄青霉素、氯霉素、卡那霉素或诺尔丝菌素)抗性的基因。
本文术语“宿主细胞”是指细胞中引入外源核酸的细胞,包括这种细胞的后代。宿主细胞包括“转化体”和“经转化的细胞”,其包括原代的经转化的细胞和来源于其的后代,而不考虑传代的次数。后代在核酸内容物上可能与亲本细胞不完全相同,而是可以包含突变。本文中包括具有与在初始转化的细胞中筛选或选择的相同功能或生物学活性的突变体后代。
考虑到为最佳比对这两个序列而需要引入的空位的数目和每个空位的长度,两个序列之间的同一性百分数随所述序列共有的相同位置变化而变化。
本文中“n为1-16的实数”指n为大于或等于1且小于或等于16的任意实数。
本文中表示连接位点。
本文中消旋体或者对映体纯的化合物的图示法来自Maehr,J.Chem.Ed.1985,62:114-120。除非另有说明,用楔形键和虚楔键表示一个立体中心的绝对构型,用黑实键和虚键表示一个立体中心的相对构型(如脂环化合物的顺反构型)。
术语“立体异构体”是指由分子中原子在空间上排列方式不同所产生的异构体,包括顺反异构体、对映异构体和非对映异构体。
本公开的化合物可以具有不对称原子如碳原子、硫原子、氮原子、磷原子或不对称双键,因此本公开的化合物可以存在特定的几何或立体异构体形式。特定的几何或立体异构体形式可以是顺式和反式异构体、E型和Z型几何异构体、(-)-和(+)-对映体、(R)-和(S)-对映体、非对映异构体、(D)-异构体、(L)-异构体,以及其外消旋混合物或其它混合物,例如对映异构体或非对映体富集的混合物,以上所有这些异构体以及它们的混合物都属于本公开化合物的定义范围之内。烷基等取代基中可存在另外的不对称碳原子、不对称硫原子、不对称氮原子或不对称磷原子,所有取代基中涉及到的这些异构体以及它们的混合物,也均包括在本公开化合物的定义范围之内。本公开的含有不对称原子的化合物可以以光学活性纯的形式或外消旋形式被分离出来,光学活性纯的形式可以从外消旋混合物拆分,或通过使用手性原料或手性试剂合成。
术语“被取代”是指特定原子上的任意一个或多个氢原子被取代基取代,只要特定原子的价态是正常的并且取代后的化合物是稳定的。当取代基为氧代(即=O)时,意味着两个氢原子被取代,氧代不会发生在芳香基上。
术语“任选”或“任选地”是指随后描述的事件或情况可以发生或不发生,该描述包括发生所述事件或情况和不发生所述事件或情况。例如,乙基“任选”被卤素取代,是指乙基可以是未被取代的(CH2CH3)、单取代的(CH2CH2F、CH2CH2Cl等)、多取代的(CHFCH2F、CH2CHF2、CHFCH2Cl、CH2CHCl2等)或完全被取代的(CF2CF3、CF2CCl3、CCl2CCl3等)。本领域技术人员可理解,对于包含一个或多个取代基的任何基团,不会引入任何在空间上不可能存在和/或不能合成的取代或取代模式。
本文中的Cm-Cn,是指具有m-n范围中的整数个碳原子。
术语“烷基”是指通式为CnH2n+1的烃基,该烷基可以是直链或支链的。术语“C1-C6烷基”应理解为表示具有1、2、3、4、5或6个碳原子的直链或支链饱和烃基。所述烷基包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异戊基、2-甲基丁基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、新戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、4-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、1-甲基戊基、2-乙基丁基、1-乙基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,1-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基或1,2-二甲基丁基等;术语“C1-C3烷基”指含有1至3个碳原子的烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基。
本文所述“C1-C6烷基”可以进一步包含“C1-C3烷基”。
术语“环烷基”指完全饱和的且以单环、并环、桥环或螺环等形式存在的碳环。术语“C3-C6环烷基”应理解为表示饱和的单环、并环、螺环或桥环,其具有3~6个碳原子,具体实例包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等。
术语“杂环基”是指完全饱和的或部分饱和的单环、并环、螺环或桥环基团,其环原子中含有1-5个杂原子或杂原子团(即含有杂原子的原子团),所述“杂原子或杂原子团”包括但不限于氮原子(N)、氧原子(O)、硫原子(S)、磷原子(P)、硼原子(B)、-S(=O)2-、-S(=O)-、-P(=O)2-、-P(=O)-、-NH-、-S(=O)(=NH)-、-C(=O)NH-或-NHC(=O)NH-等。术语“4-7元杂环基”指环原子数目为4、5、6或7的杂环基,且其环原子中含有1-3个独立选自上文所述的杂原子或杂原子团。术语“5-6元杂环基”指环原子数目为5或6杂环基,且其环原子中含有1-3个独立选自上文所述的杂原子或杂原子团。其中,4元杂环基的实例包括但不限于氮杂环丁烷基、氧杂环丁烷基;5元杂环基的实例包括但不限于四氢呋喃基、二氧杂环戊烯基、吡咯烷基、咪唑烷基、吡唑烷基、吡咯啉基、4,5-二氢噁唑或2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯基;6元杂环基的实例包括但不限于四氢吡喃基、哌啶基、吗啉基、二噻烷基、硫代吗啉基、哌嗪基、三噻烷基、四氢吡啶基或4H-[1,3,4]噻二嗪基;7元杂环基的实例包括但不限于二氮杂环庚烷基。“4-7元杂环基”可以包含“4-7元杂环烷基”、“5-6元杂环基”、“5-6元杂环烷基”等范围。
术语“卤”或“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴和碘。
术语“治疗”是指外科手术或药物处理(surgical or therapeutic treatment),其目的是预防、减缓(减少)治疗对象中不希望的生理变化或病变,如癌症、自身免疫性疾病和病毒感染的进展。有益的或所希望的临床结果包括但不限于症状的减轻、疾病程度减弱、疾病状态稳定(即,未恶化)、疾病进展的延迟或减慢、疾病状态的改善或缓和、以及缓解(无论是部分缓解或完全缓解),无论是可检测的或不可检测的。需要治疗的对象包括已患有病症或疾病的对象以及易于患上病症或疾病的对象或打算预防病症或疾病的对象。当提到减缓、减轻、减弱、缓和、缓解等术语时,其含义也包括消除、消失、不发生等情况。
术语“有效量”指单独给予或与另一治疗剂组合给予细胞、组织或对象时能有效防止或缓解疾病病症或该疾病进展的治疗剂用量。“有效量”还指足以缓解症状,例如治疗、治愈、防止或缓解相关医学病症,或治疗、治愈、防止或缓解这些病症的速度增加的化合物用量。当将活性成分单独给予个体时,治疗有效剂量单指该成分。当应用某一组合时,治疗有效剂量指产生治疗作用的活性成分的组合用量,而无论是组合、连续或同时给予。
术语“受试者”是指接受对如本公开所述的特定疾病或病症的治疗的生物体。对象和患者的实例包括接受疾病或病症治疗的哺乳动物,如人、灵长类动物(例如,猴)或非灵长类哺乳动物。
构成“治疗有效量”的本公开化合物的量取决于该化合物、疾病状态及其严重性、给药方式以及待被治疗的哺乳动物的年龄而改变,但可例行性地由本领域技术人员根据其自身的知识及本公开内容而确定。
术语“药学上可接受的”,是针对那些化合物、材料、组合物和/或剂型而言,它们在可靠的医学判断的范围之内,适用于与人类和动物的组织接触使用,而没有过多的毒性、刺激性、过敏性反应或其它问题或并发症,与合理的利益/风险比相称。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指药学上可接受的酸或碱的盐,包括化合物与无机酸或有机酸形成的盐,以及化合物与无机碱或有机碱形成的盐。
术语“药物组合物”是指一种或多种本公开的化合物或其盐与药学上可接受的辅料组成的混合物。药物组合物的目的是有利于对有机体给予本公开的化合物。
术语“药学上可接受的辅料”是指对有机体无明显刺激作用,而且不会损害该活性化合物的生物活性及性能的那些辅料。合适的辅料是本领域技术人员熟知的,例如碳水化合物、蜡、水溶性和/或水可膨胀的聚合物、亲水性或疏水性材料、明胶、油、溶剂、水等。
词语“包括(comprise)”或“包含(comprise)”及其英文变体例如comprises或comprising可理解为开放的、非排他性的意义,即“包括但不限于”。
本公开还包括与本文中记载的那些相同的,但一个或多个原子被原子量或质量数不同于自然中通常发现的原子量或质量数的原子置换的同位素标记的本公开化合物。可结合到本公开化合物的同位素的实例包括氢、碳、氮、氧、磷、硫、氟、碘和氯的同位素,诸如分别为2H、3H、11C、13C、14C、13N、15N、15O、17O、18O、31P、32P、35S、18F、123I、125I和36Cl等。
某些同位素标记的本公开化合物(例如用3H及14C标记)可用于化合物和/或底物组织分布分析中。氚化(即3H)和碳-14(即14C)同位素对于由于它们易于制备和可检测性是尤其优选的。正电子发射同位素,诸如15O、13N、11C和18F可用于正电子发射断层扫描(PET)研究以测定底物占有率。通常可以通过与公开于下文的方案和/或实施例中的那些类似的下列程序,通过同位素标记试剂取代未经同位素标记的试剂来制备同位素标记的本公开化合物。
本公开的药物组合物可适用于肠胃外给药,如合适的单位剂型的无菌溶液剂、混悬剂或冻干产品。例如,本公开的药物组合物可以是用于肌内或皮下给药的无菌注射水溶液形式。本公开的药物组合物在使用时可接受其它溶媒或溶剂,如水、林格氏液或等渗氯化钠溶液。
本公开的化合物可以通过本领域技术人员所熟知的多种合成方法来制备,包括下面列举的具体实施方式、其与其它化学合成方法的结合所形成的实施方式以及本领域技术上人员所熟知的等同替换方式,优选的实施方式包括但不限于本公开的实施例。
本公开具体实施方式的化学反应是在合适的溶剂中完成的,所述的溶剂须适合于本公开的化学变化及其所需的试剂和物料。为了获得本公开的化合物,有时需要本领域技术人员在已有实施方式的基础上对合成步骤或者反应流程进行修改或选择。
本领域合成路线规划中的一个重要考量因素是为反应性官能团(如本公开中的氨基、羧基)选择合适的保护基,例如,可参考Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis(4th Ed).Hoboken,New Jersey:John Wiley&Sons,Inc.本公开引用的所有参考文献整体上并入本公开。
本文术语“癌症”指向或描述哺乳动物中典型地以不受调节的细胞生长为特征的生理状况。此定义中包括良性和恶性癌症。本文术语“肿瘤”或“瘤”是指所有赘生性(neoplastic)细胞生长和增殖,无论是恶性的还是良性的,及所有癌前(pre-cancerous)和癌性细胞和组织。术语“癌症”和“肿瘤”在本文中提到时并不互相排斥。
本文术语“EC50”是指半最大有效浓度,其包括在指定暴露时间之后诱导基线与最大值之间的半途响应的抗体浓度。EC50本质上代表其中观察到其最大作用的50%的抗体浓度,可通过本领域已知方法测量。
本文术语“LIV-1”,也写作LIV1或LIV 1,是一种锌转运蛋白,又称SLC39A6或ZIP6,其编码基因位于染色体18q12.2,为多次跨膜蛋白,具有锌转运蛋白和金属蛋白酶活性。
除非本发明另外定义,与本发明相关的科学和技术术语应具有本领域普通技术人员所理解的含义。
图1 FACS检测LIV1 ADC和单抗与MCF-7细胞的结合反应。
图2 ADC对肿瘤细胞的体外增殖抑制测试。
图3 OVCAR3皮下瘤模型肿瘤生长曲线。
图4 OVCAR3皮下瘤模型小鼠体重变化曲线。
图5 NCI-H838皮下瘤模型肿瘤生长曲线。
图6 NCI-H838皮下瘤模型小鼠体重变化曲线。
图7 ADC小鼠体内药代动力学曲线。
图8 MCF-7皮下瘤模型肿瘤生长曲线。
图9 MCF-7皮下瘤模型小鼠体重变化曲线。
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
本发明实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1、抗人LIV-1抗体的构建和生产
抗人LIV-1单克隆抗体(LIV-1-Ab-1、LIV-1-Ab-2、LIV-1-Ab-3、Ladiratuzumab(即LIV-1-Ab-L或Ladiratuzumab-hIgG1))、抗FITC的同型对照抗体的重、轻链可变区序列以及重链恒定区/轻链恒定区序列如下表1所示,根据Kabat形式划分的CDR序列如下表2所示。将编码所述抗体VH和VL的核酸序列重组至带有信号肽(MGWSWILLFLLSVTAGVHS,SEQ ID NO:33)和重链恒定区/轻链恒定区序列的表达载体pTT5上,得到表达VH-CH/VL-CL的重组质粒。将质粒和转染试剂PEI(Polysciences,货号:24765-1)加入OPTI-MEM(Gibco,货号:11058021)中混匀后静置15min,加入Expi293F细胞(Thermofisher,货号:A14527)中,放入5%CO2,120rpm,37℃摇床培养。转染第二天,加入OPM-293ProFeed(上海奥浦迈,货号:F081918-001)和6g/L葡萄糖(Sigma,货号:G7528)。转染第六天,收集细胞上清。用Protein A(GE,货号:28985254)纯化,洗脱后的样品透析至PBS(pH7.4),获得抗人LIV-1单克隆抗体和抗FITC的同型对照抗体。Ladiratuzumab为阳性对照人LIV1抗体,抗体序列来源US20200165335A。
表1抗人LIV-1单克隆抗体及同型对照抗体的重、轻链可变区序列
表2抗人LIV-1单克隆抗体CDR序列(Kabat划分)
实施例2、抗药物001的单克隆抗体筛选
抗药物001的单克隆抗体通过免疫小鼠产生。免疫原为药物001(结构如下所示,制备方法参照WO2023020605A1实施例39),选择血清中抗体滴度高并且滴度趋于平台的小鼠的脾淋巴细胞制备杂交瘤细胞,通过ELISA等本领域常规方法筛选得到阳性杂交瘤克隆,该克隆可特异性的识别偶联了药物001的抗体偶联药物。用无血清细胞培养法培养该杂交瘤克隆进一步制备抗体,并纯化抗体,即为抗药物001抗体。
实施例3、抗体-药物偶联物的制备方法
3.1药物-连接子化合物的制备/来源
药物-连接子1的结构如下所示,其制备参考专利文献WO2023217227A1(实施例39)。
药物-连接子2的结构如下所示,其购自MedChemExpress(MCE),货号为HY-15575。
3.2抗体和药物-连接子的偶联
将实施例1制备得到的抗体透析换液至20mM PB,150mM NaCl,1mM EDTA溶液(pH 6.5),向抗体溶液中加入8倍的10mM三(2-羧乙基)膦溶液(TCEP,Thermo Scientific#77720),将混合溶液于恒温金属摇床37℃还原抗体2.5h。将15倍摩尔当量的上述药物-连接子1化合物用DMSO溶解后加入反应体系,反应液在25℃偶联6h。对反应产物通过G25柱脱盐换液至磷酸盐(PBS)缓冲液,去除未反应游离小分子毒素,得到抗体药物偶联物。采用SEC和LC-MS方法对ADC产品进行纯度和DAR值分析。
将实施例1制备得到的抗体透析换液至20mM PB,150mM NaCl,1mM EDTA溶液(pH 6.5),向抗体溶液中加入2.4倍的10mM三(2-羧乙基)膦溶液(TCEP,Thermo Scientific#77720),将混合溶液于恒温金属摇床37℃还原抗体3h。将10倍摩尔当量的上述药物-连接子2化合物(购于MCE,Cat.HY-15575)(DMSO溶解至20mg/ml)加入反应体系,反应液在25℃偶联12h。对反应产物通过G25柱脱盐换液至磷酸盐(PBS)缓冲液,去除未反应游离小分子毒素,得到抗体药物偶联物。采用SEC和LC-MS方法对ADC产品进行纯度和DAR值分析。
SEC纯度分析:应用SEC-HPLC法分析待测蛋白样品,表征重组蛋白的分子大小均一性,测定重组蛋白的纯度。本法所用的HPLC为Agilent 1260,色谱柱为TSKgel G3000SWXL来自Tosoh Bioscience,流动相为200mM磷酸缓冲液pH 7.0包含10%异丙醇,检测温度为25℃,流速为0.5mL/min,检测波长为280nm,目标蛋白上样量为50μg,分析时间为40分钟。对SEC-HPLC数据,应用手动积分法分析色谱图,按照面积归一法计算蛋白纯度,主峰认为是单体,主峰前的色谱峰称为聚集体,主峰后的色谱峰称为碎裂体。
DAR值测定:应用超高效液相色谱-质谱(UHPLC-MS)联用法测量ADC分子的DAR值。首先将待测ADC分子经过PNGase F(NEB#P0705L)处理,脱掉N糖修饰,再用二硫苏糖醇(Dithiothreitol,DTT,Sigma#646563)处理,37℃孵育1h,还原成轻重链,然后用Thermo Vanquish UHPLC-Q Exactive Plus质谱系统进行分析,取2μg蛋白注射到Waters ACQUITY Protein BEH分子排阻色谱柱,流动相为含0.1%甲酸、0.05%TFA、25%乙腈的水溶液,流速为0.2mL/min,分析时间30min,质谱仪为Thermo Q Exactive Plus,质谱主要参数分别为喷雾电压3.8kV,毛细管加热温度300℃,鞘气流速35arb,母离子扫描范围800-3000等,最后应用质谱数据分析软件Biopharma Finder 4.1,通过Respect算法去卷积处理,分别计算出轻重链质谱峰的分子量信息和各组分的质谱响应信号,以此计算出待测ADC样品的DAR值。
表3抗体药物偶联物的制备、DAR值和SEC纯度
实施例4、流式细胞实验(FACS)检测LIV1 ADC和单抗与内源细胞MCF-7的结合活性
将表达人LIV-1蛋白的人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7(来自ATCC,LIV-1高表达)在T-75细胞培养瓶中扩大培养至对数生长期,离心弃去培养基上清,细胞沉淀用PBS洗涤1次,以2E5细胞/孔的密度接种于96孔板中,1500转/分转速离心5分钟,弃上清;LIV1 ADC和单抗稀释到100nM,5倍梯度稀释8个点,每孔50ul加入到细胞中,重悬,4℃孵育1小时后,PBS洗涤2次,每孔再加入50ul二抗(Alexa647AffiniPure Goat Anti-Human IgG(H+L)(购自Jackson Immuno,货号:109-605-088)),4℃继续孵育1小时,PBS洗涤2次后,经FACS(FACS CantoTM,购自BD公司)检测和分析。
结果见表4和图1所示,说明LIV1 ADC可以特异性的结合MCF-7,且与单抗的结合活性基本一致,均与阳性对照ADC显现出相似的结合能力。表中的数据为MFI值和EC50(nM)。
表4.FACS检测LIV1-ADC和单抗与内源细胞MCF-7的结合活性
实施例5、流式细胞实验(FACS)检测LIV1 ADC和单抗在内源细胞MCF-7和OVCAR-3的内吞效应
收集对数生长期的LIV-1高表达细胞MCF-7和LIV-1中表达OVCAR-3细胞,以2E5细胞/孔的密度接种于96孔板中,PBS洗涤1次,分别加入LIV1 ADC和单抗(终浓度为100nM),4℃孵育1小时。对照组放于4℃,内吞组放于37℃,孵育2小时后,PBS洗涤3次,加入二抗:Alexa647AffiniPure Goat Anti-Human IgG(H+L)(购自Jackson Immuno,货号:109-605-088),4℃孵育1小时;PBS清洗2次,经FACS(FACS CantoTM,购自BD公司)检测和分析。内吞效率=(对照组MFI-内吞组MFI)/对照组MFI*100%。
结果见表5,说明LIV1 ADC在内源细胞MCF-7和OVCAR-3上有不同程度的内吞效应,且与单抗内吞能力基本保持一致,均与阳性对照相当。表中的数据为MFI值和内吞效率。
表5.FACS检测LIV1 ADC和单抗在内源细胞MCF-7和OVCAR-3上的内吞效应
实施例6、ADC对肿瘤细胞的体外增殖抑制测试
细胞与材料:人卵巢癌细胞OVCAR3购于ATCC。RPMI-1640培养基(Gibco#A10491-01),青霉素-链霉素(Gibco#15140-122),0.25%Trypsin-EDTA(Gibco#25200-056)购于Gibco公司(美国)。人胰岛素(Solarbio#40112ES25)购于Solarbio公司。96孔板(Greiner Bio-one#655098)购于康宁公司(美国)。Cell-Titer Glo试剂(Promega#G7568)购于普洛麦格公司(美国)。
细胞培养:OVCAR3细胞用含20%胎牛血清+10μg/mL人胰岛素+1%青霉素-链霉素的RPMI-1640培养液。所有细胞均在37℃、5%CO2条件下培养,处于对数生长期细胞方可用于实验。
细胞增殖活性检测:利用Cell-Titer Glo试剂检测ADC对OVCAR3细胞株增殖的抑制活性。将细胞从细胞培养瓶内消化吹散处理,用对应的新鲜培养基重悬,调整细胞密度。OVCAR3细胞为1500个细胞/90μL/孔,接种于96孔板中,置于37℃、5%CO2条件下培养过夜。用完全培养基稀释ADC浓度至1000nM,并进行3倍梯度稀释,共8个浓度梯度,然后转移10μL ADC稀释溶液至96孔板中,即ADC起始终浓度为100nM。96孔板置于37℃、5%CO2条件下培养5天。加入Cell-Titer Glo试剂,检测细胞活性。另设阴性对照组和阳性对照组分别作为Bottom和Top。阴性对照组为不加细胞,仅加同体积的培养基,其他操作与实验组一致;阳性对照组为不加受试抗体,其他操作与实验组一致。
数据分析:
计算抑制百分数(%Inhibition)并拟合得到化合物的IC50。
抑制百分数(%Inhibition)=1-100%×(Signal-Bottom)/(Top-Bottom)。
Signal指实验组的信号值,Bottom指阴性对照组的平均信号值,Top指阳性对照组的平均信号值。
实验结果:
实验结果如图2所示,ADC-2、ADC-3、ADC-7、ADC-8与阳性参照Ladiratuzumab-MMAE均能起到较强的细胞抑制效果。
实施例7.OVCAR3皮下瘤模型药效评价
实验试剂:
人卵巢癌OVCAR3细胞:ATCC
RPMI-1640培养液:Gbico;Cat No.:A104910
胎牛血清:Gibco;Cat No.:10099-141C
牛胰岛素:Yeasen,40107ES60
0.25%胰酶-EDTA:Gibco,Cat No.:25200-072
D-PBS(无钙镁离子磷酸盐缓冲液):Hyclone,Cat.No.:SH30256.01
Matrigel:Corning,Cat.No.:356237
实验方法:
动物信息:Balb/c nude小鼠,雌性,5-6周,体重约14-20克,动物购自北京维通利华生物技术有限公司,将小鼠饲养在SPF级的环境中,每个笼位单独送排风,所有动物都可以自由获取标准认证的商业实验室饮食和自由饮水。
细胞培养:人卵巢癌OVCAR3细胞株体外培养,培养条件为RPMI-1640(细胞培养液)中加入20%胎牛血清,1%Pen Strep,10μg/ml牛胰岛素,37℃、5%CO2孵箱。一周一次用0.25%胰酶-EDTA消化液进行常规消化处理传代。当细胞饱和度为80%-90%,数量达到要求时,收取细胞,计数。
细胞接种:将0.2ml/(含1×107)OVCAR3细胞悬液(RPMI-1640:Matrigel,体积比为1:1)皮下接种于每只小鼠的腋下。在接种细胞后第21天,依据肿瘤体积随机分组给药,分组当天为Day 0。
给药:实施例ADC-2,ADC-3,ADC-1,Ladirazutumab-MMAE和对照ADC-7,ADC-8的给药剂量选用1mg/kg,3mg/kg,10mg/kg中的一个或全部,腹腔单次给药。每组6只小鼠。
肿瘤测量和实验指标:
每周两次用游标卡尺测量肿瘤直径。肿瘤体积的计算公式为:V=0.5a×b2,a和b分别表示肿瘤的长径和短径。每周两次测量小鼠体重。
化合物的抑瘤疗效用肿瘤生长抑制率TGI(%)来评价。TGI(%)=[(1-(某处理组给药结束时平均瘤体积-该处理组开始给药时平均瘤体积)/(溶剂对照组治疗结束时平均瘤体积-溶剂对照组开始治疗时平均瘤体积)]x100%。
实验结果:
在小鼠皮下移植瘤OVCAR3模型中,本发明实施例ADC-2,ADC-3,ADC-1在1mpk,3mpk,10mpk单次腹腔给药(Intraperitoneal Injections,IP)对肿瘤生长均具有显著抑制作用(P<0.0001);且在1mpk,3mpk剂量下,显著优于Ladirazutumab-MMAE(P<0.001,P<0.05);在10mpk下,各分子药效相近;另外,在1mpk剂量下,ADC-3显著优于ADC-2(P<0.0001);而ADC-7及ADC-8的抑瘤效果均显著弱于相应ADC分子(P<0.0001)。本发明实施例在所尝试剂量下未发现影响小鼠体重,也未引起任何小鼠死亡,小鼠可以耐受。见表6、图3和图4。
表6.OVCAR3皮下瘤模型肿瘤体积
备注:表格中仅显示肿瘤体积平均值,未显示标准误差,已在图中显示。
实施例8.NCI-H838皮下瘤模型药效评价
实验试剂:
人肺癌NCI-H838细胞:科佰
RPMI-1640培养液:Gbico;Cat No.:61870-036
胎牛血清:Gibco;Cat No.:10099-141C
0.25%胰酶-EDTA:Gibco,Cat No.:25200-072
D-PBS(无钙镁离子磷酸盐缓冲液):Hyclone,Cat.No.:SH30256.01
Matrigel:Corning,Cat.No.:356237
实验方法:
动物信息:B-NDG小鼠,雌性,5-6周,体重约14-20克,动物购自百奥赛图,将小鼠饲养在SPF级的环境中,每个笼位单独送排风,所有动物都可以自由获取标准认证的商业实验室饮食和自由饮水。
细胞培养:人肺癌NCI-H838细胞株体外培养,培养条件为RPMI-1640(细胞培养液)中加入10%胎牛血清,1%Pen Strep,37℃、5%CO2孵箱。一周两次用0.25%胰酶-EDTA消化液进行常规消化处理传代。当细胞饱和度为80%-90%,数量达到要求时,收取细胞,计数。
细胞接种:将0.1ml/(含1×107)NCI-H838细胞悬液(RPMI-1640:Matrigel,体积比为1:1)皮下接种于每只小鼠的腋下。在接种细胞后第21天,依据肿瘤体积随机分组给药,分组当天为Day 0。
给药:考虑到以MMAE为载荷的ADC药物和以拓扑酶抑制剂为载荷的ADC药物的临床剂量通常相差2-3倍,如RC48(HER2-MMAE ADC)推荐剂量为2.0mg/kg,DS-8201(HER2-dxd ADC)的推荐剂量为5.4mg/kg,因此为了评价临床剂量下不同类型的ADC的体内药效,实施例中ADC-2、ADC-3、ADC-1和对照ADC-7的给药剂量选用1.7mg/kg,5mg/kg中的一个或全部,Ladirazutumab-MMAE的给药剂量选用3mg/kg,腹腔按照Q8D频率,共给4次药。每组6只小鼠。
肿瘤测量和实验指标:
每周两次用游标卡尺测量肿瘤直径。肿瘤体积的计算公式为:V=0.5a x b2,a和b分别表示肿瘤的长径和短径。每周两次测量小鼠体重。
化合物的抑瘤疗效用肿瘤生长抑制率TGI(%)来评价。TGI(%)=[(1-(某处理组给药结束时平均瘤体积-该处理组开始给药时平均瘤体积)/(溶剂对照组治疗结束时平均瘤体积-溶剂对照组开始治疗时平均瘤体积)]x100%。
实验结果:
在小鼠皮下移植瘤NCI-H838模型中,本发明实施例ADC-2,ADC-3,ADC-1在1.7mpk,5mpk Q8D*4次腹腔给药(Intraperitoneal Injections,IP)对肿瘤生长均具有显著抑制作用(P<0.0001);在1.7mpk剂量下,ADC-2显著优于ADC-1(P<0.05);在5mpk剂量下,ADC-2和ADC-3分子间药效相近,均显著优于ADC-1和Ladirazutumab-MMAE(P<0.01,P<0.001);而ADC-7的抑瘤效果显著弱于相应ADC分子(P<0.0001)。本发明实施例在所尝试剂量下未发现影响小鼠体重,也未引起任何小鼠死亡,小鼠可以耐受。见表7、图5和图6。
表7.H838皮下瘤模型肿瘤体积
备注:表格中仅显示肿瘤体积平均值,未显示标准误差,已在图中显示。
实施例9.ADC药物在小鼠体内的药代动力学研究
实验设计
每个药物分子选3只Balb/c小鼠静脉注射给药,给药剂量5mg/kg,采血点设置为给药前0hr,给药后15min、2hr、8hr、24hr(Day1)、72hr(Day3)、120hr(Day5)、168hr(Day7)、240hr(Day10)、336hr(Day14)和504hr(Day21)。采用ELISA法检测小鼠血浆中的总抗和ADC浓度。
分析方法
总抗的检测方法:用磷酸盐缓冲盐(Cat:AR0030,博士德生物)溶液配置抗原蛋白hLIV-1(购自:ACRO,货号:LV1-H5223)至1μg/mL,每孔100μL加入高亲和96孔板中,封盖板膜4℃包被过夜。将包被完成后的96孔板取出撕去盖板膜,甩干孔中液体后每孔加入300μL PBST轻微振荡酶标板后甩去板中液体,重复洗板3次。然后板中每孔加入250μL 1%BSA-PBST溶液,放置在酶标板振荡器(品牌IKA,型号MS3)上500rpm室温振荡1hr进行封闭。用空白小鼠血浆(购自:IPHASE,货号:032E13.12)配置浓度范围为2500–19.531ng/mL(对照分子5000–39.062ng/mL)的标准曲线。将封闭完成的96孔板取出洗板3次后,将标准曲线样本用1%BSA-PBST溶液稀释100倍,每孔100μL入孔。加样完成的96孔板放置酶标板振荡器500rpm室温振荡2hr进行孵育。将孵育完成的96孔板取出洗板3次后每孔加入100μL用1%BSA-PBST溶液稀释5W倍的Goat Anti Human IgG Fc HRP(Cat:109-035-170,Jackson),放置酶标板振荡器500rpm室温振荡1hr进行孵育。将孵育完成的96孔板取出洗板3次后每孔加入100μL TMB(品牌:34029,购自Thermo)显色液,室温避光显色7-10min,使用1M H2SO4终止反应,酶标仪(型号Multiskan FC,品牌Thermo)450nm-630nm波长读数。采集后的数据使用四参数拟合分析。
抗体偶联药物的检测方法:用磷酸盐缓冲溶液配置抗药物001抗体(实施例2生产)至1μg/mL,对照分子包被Mouse Anti-MMAE Antibody,Mouse IgG1(货号:MME-M5252,购自ACRO)每孔100μL加入高亲和96孔板中,封盖板膜4℃包被过夜。将包被完成后的96孔板取出撕去盖板膜,甩干孔中液体后每孔加入300μL PBST轻微振荡酶标板后甩去板中液体,重复洗板3次。然后板中每孔加入250μL 1% BSA-PBST溶液,放置在酶标板振荡器上500rpm室温振荡1hr进行封闭。用空白小鼠血浆配置浓度范围为2500–19.531ng/mL(对照分子5000–39.062ng/mL)的标准曲线。将封闭完成的96孔板取出洗板3次后,将标准曲线样本用1%BSA-PBST溶液稀释100倍,每孔100μL入孔。加样完成的96孔板放置酶标板振荡器500rpm室温振荡2hr进行孵育。将孵育完成的96孔板取出洗板3次后每孔加入100μL用1%BSA-PBST溶液稀释至0.5μg/mL抗原蛋白hLIV-1溶液,放置酶标板振荡器500rpm室温振荡1hr进行孵育。将孵育完成的96孔板取出洗板3次后加入用1%BSA-PBST溶液稀释7K倍的His Tag Antibody-HRP(货号:A00612,购自Genscript),放置酶标板振荡器500rpm室温振荡1hr进行孵育。将孵育完成的96孔板取出洗板3次后每孔加入100μL TMB显色液,室温避光显色7-10min,使用1M H2SO4终止反应,酶标仪450nm-630nm波长读数。采集后的数据使用四参数拟合分析。
结论
从图7中曲线可看出,可知ADC-1、ADC-2和ADC-3的总抗体和ADC的半衰期及血药暴露量相似,显著优于对照分子Ladiratuzumab-MMAE。
实施例10.MCF-7皮下瘤模型药效评价
实验试剂:
人乳腺癌MCF-7661细胞:MCF-7原购于ATCC,其生长速度略慢,MCF-7661为原代提取细胞且已做STR鉴定
RPMI-1640培养液:Gbico;Cat No.:A104910
胎牛血清:Gibco;Cat No.:10099-141C
牛胰岛素:Yeasen,40107ES60
0.25%胰酶-EDTA:Gibco,Cat No.:25200-072
D-PBS(无钙镁离子磷酸盐缓冲液):Hyclone,Cat.No.:SH30256.01
Matrigel:Corning,Cat.No.:356237
雌激素贴片:0.72mg/Tablet,90days-/-
实验方法:
动物信息:NPG小鼠,雌性,6-7周,体重约14-20克,动物购自北京维通达生物技术有限公司,将小鼠饲养在SPF级的环境中,每个笼位单独送排风,所有动物都可以自由获取标准认证的商业实验室饮食和自由饮水。
细胞培养:人乳腺癌MCF-7661细胞株体外培养,培养条件为RPMI-1640(细胞培养液)中加入20%胎牛血清,1%Pen Strep,10μg/ml牛胰岛素,37℃、5%CO2孵箱。一周一次用0.25%胰酶-EDTA消化液进行常规消化处理传代。当细胞饱和度为80%-90%,数量达到要求时,收取细胞,计数。
细胞接种:人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7661(1×107个)100ul(1640:matrigel=1:1)接种于雌激素贴片处理过的NPG小鼠右背部皮下,待接种后29天肿瘤长至约206mm3后,去除体重、肿瘤过大和过小的,按肿瘤体积将小鼠随机分为空白对照组,分组当天为Day 0。
给药:实施例ADC-2,ADC-3和Ladirazutumab-MMAE的给药剂量选用1mg/kg,3mg/kg,10mg/kg中的一个或全部,腹腔给药。其中1mg/kg和3mg/kg为4天给药一次,试验周期共给药4次;10mg/kg组,为第0天和第4天给药,试验周期中共给药2次。每组6只小鼠。
肿瘤测量和实验指标:
每周两次用游标卡尺测量肿瘤直径。肿瘤体积的计算公式为:V=0.5a x b2,a和b分别表示肿瘤的长径和短径。每周两次测量小鼠体重。
化合物的抑瘤疗效用肿瘤生长抑制率TGI(%)来评价。TGI(%)=[(1-(某处理组给药结束时平均瘤体积-该处理组开始给药时平均瘤体积)/(溶剂对照组治疗结束时平均瘤体积-溶剂对照组开始治疗时平均瘤体积)]x100%。
实验结果:
在小鼠皮下移植瘤MCF-7661(LIV-1高表达)模型中,本发明实施例中ADC-2和ADC-3,在1mpk,、3mpk、10mpk腹腔给药(Intraperitoneal Injections,IP)对肿瘤生长均具有显著抑制作用(P<0.0001);且在1mpk剂量下,ADC-2显著优于Ladirazutumab-MMAE(P<0.05);在3mpk剂量下,ADC-2的肿瘤抑制率优于Ladirazutumab-MMAE,ADC-3的肿瘤抑制率与Ladirazutumab-MMAE相当。
本发明实施例在所尝试剂量下未发现影响小鼠体重,也未引起任何小鼠死亡,小鼠可以耐受。见表8、图8-图9。
表8.MCF-7皮下瘤模型肿瘤体积
备注:标准误差通过将标准差除以样本大小的平方根,即通过Excel公式SEM=STDEV(每组的肿瘤体积)/SQRT(n,n=动物只数)所得。
Claims (23)
- 一种抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其结构通式为Pc-(L-D)n,其中,D为细胞毒性药物;L为连接子单元;Pc为特异性结合LIV-1的抗体或其抗原结合片段;所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包含重链可变区(VH)或/和轻链可变区(VL),所述重链可变区包含HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3,或/和所述轻链可变区包含LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3,所述HCDR1-3或/和所述LCDR1-3为:(1)所述HCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:13-15;或/和所述LCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:16-18;(2)所述HCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:19-21;或/和所述LCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:22-24;(3)所述HCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:25-27;或/和所述LCDR1-3为SEQ ID NO:28-30;或,所述HCDR1-3或/和所述LCDR1-3与第(1)-(3)组中任一组所述HCDR1-3和LCDR1-3中的每个CDR相比,具有至少80%同一性的序列,或至多发生3个插入、缺失或替换突变的序列;可选地,所述至少80%同一性为85%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%的同一性;并且,n为1~16的实数。
- 根据权利要求1所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包含重链可变区(VH)或/和轻链可变区(VL),所述重链可变区或/和轻链可变区选自以下:(1)所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:1所示序列,或/和所述轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:2所示序列;(2)所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:3所示序列,或/和所述轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:4所示序列;(3)所述重链可变区为SEQ ID NO:5所示序列,或/和所述轻链可变区为SEQ ID NO:6所示序列;或,所述重链可变区或/和所述轻链可变区与上述第(1)-(3)组中任一组所述重链可变区或/和轻链可变区相比,具有至少80%同一性的序列,或至多发生3个插入、缺失或替换突变的序列;优选地,所述至少80%同一性为85%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%的同一性。
- 根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包括重链恒定区序列和/或轻链恒定区序列;可选地,所述重链恒定区和/或轻链恒定区选自完整的恒定区序列或其片段,所述恒定区片段包括CH1、铰链区、CH2、CH3或Fc;可选地,所述重链恒定区选自人或鼠IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4恒定区,所述轻链恒定区选自人或鼠kappa恒定区或lambda恒定区;可选地,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段包括完整的重链和轻链,所述重链由所述VH和重链恒定区组成,所述重链恒定区具有如SEQ ID NO:11所示序列,所述轻链由所述VL和轻链恒定区组成,所述轻链恒定区具有如SEQ ID NO:12所示序列。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述的抗体或其抗原结合片段为:(1)嵌合抗体或其片段;(2)人源化抗体或其片段;和/或,(3)全人源抗体或其片段;可选地,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段选自单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、天然抗体、工程化抗体、单特异性抗体、多特异性抗体(例如双特异性抗体)、单价抗体、多价抗体、全长抗体、抗体片段、裸抗体、缀合抗体、人源化抗体、全人源抗体、Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2、Fd、Fv、scFv、双抗体(diabody)或单域抗体;可选地,所述抗体或其抗原结合片段选自F(ab)2、Fab’、Fab、Fv、scFv、双特异抗体、纳米抗体和抗体的最小识别单位中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述细胞毒性药物选自微管蛋白抑制剂、DNA损伤剂或拓扑异构酶抑制剂,所述微管蛋白抑制剂包括海兔毒素(dolastatin)类、澳瑞他汀(auristatin)类、美登素(maytansine)类、微管溶素(Tubulysins)类和隐粘菌素(cryptomycins)类药物,所述DNA损伤剂包括PBD类药物,所述拓扑异构酶抑制剂包括喜树碱类药物。
- 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述细胞毒性药物选自式(D-I)所示化合物,
其中,R1、R2与它们连接的原子共同形成5-6元杂环基,所述5-6元杂环基含有1或2个氧原子作为环原子,所述5-6元杂环基任选被一个或多个D原子取代;R4选自H或C1-C3烷基;R5选自H、卤素、CN、=O、OH、NH2或C1-C3烷基;R6选自H或C1-C3烷基;R7选自H、C1-C3烷基或者C3-C6环烷基,所述C1-C3烷基或C3-C6环烷基任选被D、卤素、CN、=O、OH、NH2或C1-C3烷基取代。 - 根据权利要求6所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述R1、R2与它们连接的原子共同形成
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,R4、R5、R6均选自H。
- 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,R7选自环丙基。
- 根据权利要求6-9任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,式(D-I)所示化合物选自以下化合物之一:
- 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述细胞毒性药物选自
- 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述连接子单元L选自其中,m1选自整数2~8,L1选自由1至8个氨基酸构成的肽残基,所述肽残基进一步任选被卤素、CN、=O、C1-C6烷基、OH、O(C1-C6烷基)、NH2、NH(C1-C6烷基)、N(C1-C6烷基)2、C3-C6环烷基和4-7元杂环基中的一个或多个取代基取代,L2选自所述连接子单元L的a端与Pc共价连接,b端与细胞毒性药物共价连接。
- 根据权利要求12所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述L1为Val-Cit或Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly的肽残基。
- 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述连接子单元L为 其a端与Pc共价连接,b端与细胞毒性药物共价连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐选自以下抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐:
- 一种分离的核酸分子,所述核酸分子编码权利要求1-4任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐中所述的抗体或其抗原结合片段。
- 一种表达载体,所述表达载体包含权利要求16所述的核酸分子。
- 一种宿主细胞,所述宿主细胞包含权利要求16所述的核酸分子,和/或权利要求17所述的表达载体;优选地,所述宿主细胞是真核细胞或原核细胞;更优选地,所述宿主细胞来源于哺乳动物细胞、酵母细胞、昆虫细胞、大肠杆菌和/或枯草杆菌;更优选地,所述宿主细胞选自Expi293或CHO细胞。
- 一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含权利要求1-15任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的辅料。
- 权利要求19所述的药物组合物,所述药物组合物还包括其他治疗剂;优选地,所述药物组合物中各部分,例如所述抗体-药物偶联物和其他治疗剂,可以是独立包装的,也可以是组合包装的。
- 权利要求1-15任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或权利要求19-20任一项所述的药物组合物在制备治疗肿瘤药物中的用途;可选地,所述肿瘤是表达LIV-1的肿瘤;可选地,所述肿瘤选自乳腺癌(例如三阴性乳腺癌)、前列腺癌、妇科肿瘤、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌、肠癌、肾癌、鳞状细胞癌(例如膀胱、头、颈及肺)、皮肤癌(例如黑色素瘤)、小细胞肺癌或肺类癌。
- 一种治疗哺乳动物肿瘤的方法,所述方法包括对需要该治疗的哺乳动物,优选人类,给予治疗有效量的权利要求1-15任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或权利要求19-20任一项所述的药物组合物;可选地,所述肿瘤是表达LIV-1的肿瘤;可选地,所述肿瘤选自乳腺癌(例如三阴性乳腺癌)、前列腺癌、妇科肿瘤、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌、肠癌、肾癌、鳞状细胞癌(例如膀胱、头、颈及肺)、皮肤癌(例如黑色素瘤)、小细胞肺癌或肺类癌。
- 根据权利要求22所述的治疗哺乳动物肿瘤的方法,其中,权利要求1-15任一项所述的抗体-药物偶联物或其药学上可接受的盐、或权利要求19-20任一项所述的药物组合物可以与其他治疗剂联合使用;优选地,所述治疗剂可以是化学治疗剂或免疫检查点抑制剂;更优选地,联合使用的组合疗法在治疗肿瘤上提供协同治疗效应。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103533957A (zh) * | 2010-12-06 | 2014-01-22 | 西雅图遗传学公司 | 抗liv-1的人源化抗体及其在治疗癌症中的用途 |
| CN111757892A (zh) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-10-09 | 西雅图基因公司 | 用于治疗乳腺癌的人源化抗liv1抗体 |
| WO2022098972A1 (en) * | 2020-11-08 | 2022-05-12 | Seagen Inc. | Combination-therapy antibody drug conjugate with immune cell inhibitor |
| WO2023217227A1 (zh) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | 先声再明医药有限公司 | 喜树碱类衍生物及配体-药物偶联物 |
| WO2023241621A1 (zh) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-21 | 山东博安生物技术股份有限公司 | 抗liv-1抗体及其药物偶联物 |
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2025
- 2025-01-03 WO PCT/CN2025/070453 patent/WO2025146137A1/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103533957A (zh) * | 2010-12-06 | 2014-01-22 | 西雅图遗传学公司 | 抗liv-1的人源化抗体及其在治疗癌症中的用途 |
| CN111757892A (zh) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-10-09 | 西雅图基因公司 | 用于治疗乳腺癌的人源化抗liv1抗体 |
| WO2022098972A1 (en) * | 2020-11-08 | 2022-05-12 | Seagen Inc. | Combination-therapy antibody drug conjugate with immune cell inhibitor |
| WO2023217227A1 (zh) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | 先声再明医药有限公司 | 喜树碱类衍生物及配体-药物偶联物 |
| WO2023241621A1 (zh) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-21 | 山东博安生物技术股份有限公司 | 抗liv-1抗体及其药物偶联物 |
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