WO2025022328A1

WO2025022328A1 - System for securing and ejecting a cartridge

Info

Publication number: WO2025022328A1
Application number: PCT/IB2024/057183
Authority: WO
Inventors: Piergiorgio CATALDI
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-07-26
Filing date: 2024-07-24
Publication date: 2025-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-26
Also published as: IT202300015711A1

Abstract

System (100) for securing and e j ecting a cartridge, comprising : - a driving mechanism of a semi-automatic firearm, comprising a pushing means (112) and a trigger lever (103); - a safety mechanism, comprising an actuation element (109) and a support means (102b); - an ejection module of a cartridge from inside a barrel of the semi-automatic firearm, comprising a body (110) of a bolt of the semi-automatic firearm, a carriage (104), a tab (104a) and a return element (115), with said body (110) and return element (115) being able to slide between a first and a second position. The driving means comprises a hammer (101a) and a trigger tooth (101b), the safety mechanism further comprises a disconnection means (105) and a lever (102a). The carriage (104) and the tab (104a) are able to slide between the first and the second position.

Description

DESCRIPTION

System for securing and ej ecting a cartridge

★ ★ ★

The present invention is related to a system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge .

In particular, the present invention is related to a system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge for semiautomatic firearms , comprising mechanical means aimed at optimi zing the dynamics of operation and the ef ficiency of such firearms .

Several systems for securing and ej ecting a cartridge are currently known .

A first example of a known system is described by the patent application ITRM20130425A1 , in the name of the Applicant , whose text cites a recocking mechanism for a semiautomatic ri fle comprising a bolt slidably mounted on guides integral with the same ri fle , in which such a bolt in turn comprises a body integral with a carriage sliding on the guides . The bolt further comprises a head slidably mounted on the body, means for limiting the sliding of the head on the body and two or more closing elements mounted on the head . Each closing element oscillates around a respective pin and has a corresponding hooking tooth capable o f interfering with a respective seat obtained on a portion of the barrel of the ri fle when the latter is cocked and ready to fire .

The patent application IT2002MI 00559A1 describes a mechanism for loading and feeding cartridges in a semiautomatic ri fle comprising a slide , slidably guided in a ri fle receiver, a bolt , slidably supported by the aforementioned slide , an elevator designed to li ft one of the cartridges from the level of a tube able to house the reserve cartridges up to the level of the chamber of the ri fle , and a bolt catch, able to lock the slide and the bolt in an open position . The mechanism for loading and feeding cartridges also includes an elevator stop tooth, hinged in the receiver near the rear portion of the same elevator with respect to the inlet end of the cartridge and configured to unlock the bolt and the slide so as to allow a manual opening .

The patent application US2020378699A1 discloses a shell feeding system for a top loading shotgun in one embodiment includes a barrel , receiver, and a magazine . The magazine includes a cavity configured to receive a plurality of ammunition shells in stacked end-to-end relationship . The magazine is positioned above the barrel and extends forward from the receiver . A load gating and locking block engages and guide each shell in a feed pathway towards the lower part of the receiver for chambering . In one embodiment , the receiver and magazine may be formed as a unitary integral structure forming a single piece .

Finally, the patent application EP3260807A1 describes a sel f-loading ri fle with a breech that can be moved inside a housing between an open position and a closed position, a barrel , a magazine arranged underneath the barrel , a latch to retain the breech in the open position and a feeding system to carry a cartridge , conveyed from the magazine up to the barrel level . The feeding system comprises a feeder and a flap that interacts with the latch . In order to be completely loaded even when the breech is open, the rotational movement of the feed caused by the breech i s controlled by a control element , separate from the latch .

However, the known systems for securing and ej ecting a cartridge suf fer from some limitations , for example the reduced ef ficiency of the kinematic chain following the activation, performed by a user, o f the trigger of a firearm and the consequent movement of the cartridge , from priming to ej ection .

A further limitation of the known systems is represented by the reduced ef ficiency of the safety mechanism, which usually prevents the aforementioned activation of the trigger .

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge which allows to increase the ef ficiency of the kinematic chain which manages the movement of a cartridge in a semi-automatic firearm, having, therefore , characteristics such as to overcome the limits that still af fect the current systems , with reference to the known technique .

A further purpose of the present invention is to provide an alternative technical solution for implementing a safety system in a semi-automatic firearm .

According to the present invention, a system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge is provided, as defined in claim 1 .

For a better understanding of the present invention, a preferred embodiment is now described, purely by way of nonlimiting example , with reference to the attached drawings , in which :

- figure 1 shows a three-dimensional schematic view o f a system for securing and ej ecting of a cartridge , according to the invention; - figure 2 shows a schematic front view of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , according to the invention;

- figure 3 shows a schematic front view of a detail of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , according to the invention; figure 4 shows a schematic front view, from a di f ferent angle , of a further detail of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , according to the invention;

- figure 5 shows a schematic front view of a detail of figure 4 , concerning the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , according to the invention;

- figure 6 shows a further three-dimensional schematic view of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , according to the invention;

- figure 7 shows a three-dimensional schematic view o f a further detail of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , according to the invention;

- figure 8 shows a three-dimensional schematic view o f a component of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , according to the invention . With reference to these figures and, in particular, to figure 1 , a system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge is shown, according to the invention .

According to one aspect of the invention, the system 100 for securing and ej ecting a cartridge comprises a driving mechanism of a semi-automatic firearm, comprising a pushing means 112 and a trigger lever 103 .

According to one aspect of the invention, the aforementioned trigger lever 103 is connected to a trigger 52 of the semi-automatic firearm in correspondence with a second end, and to the pushing means 112 in correspondence with a first end, opposite to its second end .

According to one aspect of the invention, the driving mechanism comprises also a hammer 101a and a trigger tooth 101b, positioned above the barrel of the firearm . In particular, the trigger tooth 101b slides and engages the hammer 101a by means of a couple o f constraint elements 113 obtained on an external lower profile of the same trigger tooth 101b . Furthermore , the trigger tooth 101b is hinged to the pushing means 112 .

According to another aspect of the invention, the system 100 comprises also a safety mechanism, which in turn comprises : - a lever 102a hinged to a disconnection means 105 , or latch, in correspondence with a first end;

- an actuation element 109 , slidable , hinged to the lever 102a in correspondence with a second end of the same lever 102a ;

- a support means 102b, fixed, of said actuation element 109 .

According to another aspect of the invention, the system 100 comprises an ej ection module of the cartridge , which comprises :

- a body 110 of a bolt of the semi-automatic firearm;

- a carriage 104 , configured to ej ect the cartridge ;

- a tab 104a, consisting of a longitudinal metallic element , provided, superiorly in correspondence with a first end with a first protruding element 104aa, and fixed to the carriage 104 in correspondence with a first end of the same carriage 104 ;

- a return element 115 , preferably a coil spring, of the aforementioned carriage 104 , positioned internally to a guard 50a of the semi-automatic firearm; a release module 107 of the return element 115 anchored in correspondence with an inner end of the guard 50a . According to one aspect of the invention, the body 110 , the carriage 104 , the tab 104a and the return element 115 are able to slide between a first position and a second position .

According to one aspect of the invention, the first position and the second position correspond respectively to the bolt , which is composed not only of the body 110 but also of a head 111 , closed, i . e . , at rest before a potential manual actuation of the trigger 52 , and open, i . e . , completely retracted and approximately overlapping the trigger 52 following, for example , the recoil generated by the action of the gases after a shot .

According to another aspect of the invention, the body 110 of the bolt comprises , at the bottom, in correspondence with a first end, a protrusion 110a configured to engage the first protruding element 104aa of the tab 104a, for example following a manual actuation of the trigger 52 by a user, in such a way as to move , with the safety mechanism disengaged, the carriage 104 and the tab 104a, solidly with the carriage 104 itsel f , in the direction of the second position .

According to one aspect of the invention, the carriage 104 comprises , inferiorly and in correspondence with a first end, a second protruding element 104b, better shown in figures 6 and 8 , configured to compress the return element 115 , simultaneously with the movement previously described, toward the second position, for example following the manual actuation of the trigger 52 performed by the user .

According to one aspect of the invention, the release module 107 comprises , in correspondence with a first end, a couple of elements having respective rounded ends able to vary the height of the tab 104a in correspondence with the aforementioned second position .

According to one aspect of the invention, such a variation of height is followed by a disengagement of the protrusion 110a from the first protruding element 104aa and by a movement of the carriage 104 , of the tab 104a and of the return element 115 toward the first position, by means of the decompression of the same return element 115 , which is schemati zed in figure 6 . The body 110 remains in the second position, corresponding to the open bolt or, i f there is an additional cartridge available in the magazine , such an additional cartridge is loaded from top to bottom, while the body 110 in turn moves toward the first position, i . e . , the position corresponding to closed bolt .

According to another aspect of the invention, in fact , almost in correspondence with the second position, of end of the line of the body 110 of the bolt , following, for example , the recoil of the bolt itsel f , the tab 104a slips under the couple of elements of the release module 107 . Such elements are similar to teeth having semi-conical ends which, progressively along the movement of the carriage 104 and the tab 104a, thanks to their profile and the contact with the tab 104a itsel f , allow the disengagement of the protrusion 110a from the first protruding element 104aa and the recall of the carriage 104 , of the tab 104a and of the spring/return element 115 toward the first position, thanks to the decompression of the coil spring 115 .

According to one aspect of the invention, the stock o f the semi-automatic firearm comprises a perforated lower portion .

According to another aspect of the invention, the movement of the carriage 104 between the first position and the second position is such as to cause the ej ection of the cartridge from the semi-automatic firearm, in particular through the aforementioned perforated lower portion of the stock, which comes into full view, in full light, during the excursion of the carriage 104 between the first position and the second position, in such a way as to allow the f all/e ection of the cartridge from the stock, for example on the ground . Subsequently, the recall of the carriage 104 toward the first position is accompanied by the covering of the lower perforated portion of the stock by the same carriage 104 , which is positioned, slidingly, inside the same stock of the firearm . The semi-automatic firearm is thus ready again to take a new cartridge , i f available , from the magazine overlapping the barrel , according to a loading mechanism of the same cartridges , operated by a positioner 114 , visible in figure 6 , as previously speci fied, from top to bottom .

According to one aspect of the invention, the manual operation of the actuation element 109 from a first position to a second position, corresponding respectively to the safety of the firearm being disengaged and engaged, is such as to operate a rotation of the lever 102a and a consequent variation in the height of the di sconnection means 105 , in particular an elevation of such disconnection means 105 which, as visible in figures 1 and 2 , for example , has a substantially parallelepiped shape .

According to one aspect of the invention, the disconnecting means 105 comprises , in correspondence with one end, a constraint element which, by engaging removably in a slot 108 obtained in the trigger tooth 101b following the rotation of the lever 102a and the consequent elevation of the disconnecting means 105 itsel f , locks the trigger tooth 101b itsel f in position, for example to inhibit a firing of the semi-automatic firearm . According to another aspect of the invention, in fact , the aforementioned kinematic chain, following the manual sliding of the actuation element 109 of the safety mechanism, is such that the lock in position of the trigger tooth 101b causes a corresponding lock of the hammer 101a and of the movement of the cartridge , which can no longer be triggered because the hammer 101a, which in the present invention rotates downwards , unlike known systems , being in turn locked is unable to press a firing pin which may trigger the cartridge .

When the safety is disengaged, according to the invention, the activation of the trigger 52 sets in motion the kinematic chain which, from the rotation of the trigger lever 103 , leads to its striking on the pushing means 112 , to the sliding of the trigger tooth 101b with consequent disengagement of the hammer 101b from the pair of constraint elements 113 , the downward rotation of the same hammer 101 a, and finally, as mentioned, the striking of the latter on the firing pin with triggering of the charge of the cartridge .

Furthermore , the insertion of the safety mechanism, in addition to the lock of the lateral movement of the trigger tooth 101b, has as a consequence , due to the mutual hinging between the disconnection means 105 and the pushing means 112 , the misalignment of the latter and the failure of the trigger lever 103 to come , following the activation of the trigger 52 , in touch with the same pushing means 112 , with the trigger lever 103 rotating in "neutral" , according to an automotive similarity .

Advantageously according to the invention, the safety mechanism, di f ferently from known systems in which the safety device intervenes on the trigger, locks and unlocks , alternatively, the trigger tooth 101b .

The present invention is also related to a firearm, for example a semi-automatic ri fle , comprising the system 100 for securing and ej ecting a cartridge previously described .

Therefore , the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge according to the invention ensures the achievement of a high ef ficiency of the kinematic chain that regulates the movement of a cartridge in a semi-automatic firearm .

Another advantage of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge according to the invention is that it allows the cartridge to be ej ected from a lower portion of the stock of the firearm .

Another advantage of the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge according to the invention is that it allows the barrel of the firearm to be mounted lower than the magazine storing the cartridges , to the advantage of ease of use by the user .

Furthermore , the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge according to the invention is inexpensive . Finally, the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge according to the invention is able to be easily assembled and reproduced, in the context of a mass production .

It is finally clear that the system for securing and ej ecting a cartridge , described and illustrated herein, may be subj ect to modi fications and variations without departing from the protective scope of the present invention, as defined in the attached claims .

Claims

1. System (100) for securing and ejecting a cartridge, comprising: a driving mechanism of a semi-automatic firearm, comprising a pushing means (112) and a trigger lever (103) , connected to said pushing means (112) in correspondence with a first end;

- a safety mechanism, comprising an actuation element (109) and a support means (102b) of said actuation element (109) ;

- an ejection module of a cartridge from inside a barrel of the semi-automatic firearm, comprising: a body (110) of a bolt of the semi-automatic firearm; a carriage (104) ; a tab (104a) ; a return element (115) of said carriage (104) , positioned inside a guard (50a) of the semi-automatic firearm; and a release module (107) of said return element (115) anchored in correspondence with an inner end of said guard (50a) , said body (110) and return element (115) being able to slide between a first position and a second position; characterized in that the driving means further comprises a hammer (101a) and a trigger tooth (101b) sliding and engaging said hammer (101a) , in that the trigger lever (103) is connected to a trigger (52) of the semi-automatic firearm in correspondence with a second end, opposite to the first end, in that the safety mechanism further comprises a disconnection means (105) and a lever (102a) , hinged to the disconnection means (105) in correspondence with a first end, in that the actuation element (109) is able to slide hinged to said lever (102a) in correspondence with a second end of said lever (102a) , and in that said carriage (104) and tab (104a) are able to slide between said first and second position.

2. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the tab (104a) is fixed to the carriage (104) in correspondence with a first end of said carriage (104) and consists of a longitudinal metallic element provided, superiorly in correspondence with a first end, with a first protruding element (104aa) , said hammer (101a) and trigger tooth (101b) being positioned above the barrel of the semiautomatic firearm.

3. System (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the body (110) of the bolt comprises, inferiorly in correspondence with a first end, a protrusion (110a) configured to engage the first protruding element (104aa) of the tab (104a) , so as to move the carriage (104) and the tab (104a) toward the second position.

4. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage (104) comprises, inferiorly in correspondence with a first end, a second protruding element (104b) configured to compress the return element (115) , toward the second position.

5. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the release module (107) comprises, in correspondence with a first end, a couple of elements having respective rounded ends able to vary the height of the tab (104a) , said variation of the height of the tab (104a) being followed by a disengagement of the protrusion (110a) from the first protruding element (104aa) and by a movement of said body (110) , carriage (104) , tab (104a) and return element (115) toward the first position, by means of the decompression of said return element (115) .

6. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement of the carriage (104) between the first position and the second position is such as to involve the ejection of the cartridge from an open lower portion of a case of the semi-automatic firearm.

7. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the manual actuation of the actuating element (109) from a first positioning to a second positioning is such as to operate a rotation of the lever (102a) and a consequent variation in the height of the disconnection means (105) .

8. System (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that said disconnection means (105) comprises, in correspondence with an end, a constraint element, said constraint element engaging removably in a slot (108) present in the trigger tooth (101b) , following the rotation of the lever (102a) , and locking said trigger tooth (101b) .

9. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger tooth (101b) engages the hammer (101a) by means of a couple of constraint elements (113) present on an external lower profile of said trigger tooth (101b) , and in that said locking of the trigger tooth (101b) is followed by a corresponding block of the hammer (101a) and of the movement of the cartridge.

10. Firearm comprising the system (100) for securing and ejecting a cartridge according to one of the previous claims .