WO2025017927A1 - Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station - Google Patents

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect disclosed herein includes: a reception unit that receives information regarding the configuration of a unified TCI state, information regarding a first control resource set and a second control resource set each corresponding to a different control resource set pool index, and an upper layer parameter related to UL power control; and a control unit which, when a beam failure is detected, determines at least one of a first spatial domain filter or a second spatial domain filter after a procedure for recovering from the beam failure, the first spatial domain filter being applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state unique to the first control resource set and the second spatial domain filter being applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state unique to the second control resource set. The control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission on the basis of a transmission power control (TPC) parameter provided by the upper layer parameter related to the UL power control.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems.

Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). In addition, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was specified for the purpose of achieving higher capacity and greater sophistication over LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.) are also under consideration.

3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Univers al　Terrestrial　Radio　Access　Network　(E-UTRAN);　Overall　description;　Stage 2　(Release　8)”, April 2010

In future wireless communication systems, it is expected that user terminals (terminals, user terminals, User Equipment (UE)) will support beam failure detection (BFD)/beam failure recovery (BFR). In addition, in Rel. 17 NR and later, in addition to cell-based BFD/BFR, BFD/BFR on non-cell units (e.g., transmission/reception point (TRP) units/panel units) will be supported.

In addition, Rel. 17 NR and later will support unified TCI states that apply set/activated/indicated TCI states to multiple channels/reference signals (RS).

If per-TRP BFD/BFR and unified TCI state are supported, the question arises of how to control UE operation after BFR (e.g., UL transmission control for each TRP).

Therefore, one of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can appropriately perform UL transmission even when BFD/BFR per TRP and unified TCI state are supported.

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a receiving unit that receives information regarding the setting of a unified TCI state, information regarding a first control resource set and a second control resource set that respectively correspond to different control resource set pool indexes, and higher layer parameters related to UL power control, and a control unit that, when a beam failure is detected, determines at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the first control resource set and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the second control resource set after a beam failure recovery procedure, and the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on a transmit power control (TPC) parameter provided by the higher layer parameters related to the UL power control.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, UL transmission can be performed appropriately even when TRP-based BFD/BFR and unified TCI state are supported.

1A to 1D are diagrams showing an example of a multi-TRP. FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a beam recovery procedure. 3A and 3B show an example of a unified/common TCI framework. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL transmission power control in a single DCI-based multi-TRP according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL transmission power control in a multi-TRP based on multi-DCI according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL transmission power control in a single DCI-based multi-TRP according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL transmission power control in a multi-TRP based on multi-DCI according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

(Multi-TRP)
In NR, one or more transmission/reception points (TRPs) (multi-TRPs) are considered to perform DL transmission to a UE using one or more panels (multi-panels). It is also considered that a UE performs UL transmission to one or more TRPs.

Note that multiple TRPs may correspond to the same cell identifier (cell identifier (ID)) or different cell IDs. The cell ID may be a physical cell ID (e.g., PCI) or a virtual cell ID.

Figures 1A-1D are diagrams illustrating an example of a multi-TRP scenario. In these examples, it is assumed that each TRP is capable of transmitting four different beams, but is not limited to this.

Figure 1A shows an example of a case where only one TRP (TRP1 in this example) of the multi-TRP transmits to the UE (which may be called single mode, single TRP, etc.). In this case, TRP1 transmits both a control signal (PDCCH) and a data signal (PDSCH) to the UE.

In this disclosure, single TRP mode may refer to the mode when multi-TRP (mode) is not set.

Figure 1B shows an example of a case where only one TRP (TRP1 in this example) of the multi-TRP transmits a control signal to the UE, and the multi-TRP transmits a data signal (which may be called a single master mode). The UE receives each PDSCH transmitted from the multi-TRP based on one downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)).

Figure 1C shows an example of a case where each of the multi-TRPs transmits a part of a control signal to the UE and the multi-TRP transmits a data signal (which may be called a master-slave mode). Part 1 of the control signal (DCI) may be transmitted in TRP1, and part 2 of the control signal (DCI) may be transmitted in TRP2. Part 2 of the control signal may depend on part 1. The UE receives each PDSCH transmitted from the multi-TRP based on these parts of DCI.

Figure 1D shows an example of a case where each of the multi-TRPs transmits a separate control signal to the UE, and the multi-TRP transmits a data signal (which may be called a multi-master mode). A first control signal (DCI) may be transmitted from TRP1, and a second control signal (DCI) may be transmitted from TRP2. The UE receives each PDSCH transmitted from the multi-TRP based on these DCIs.

When multiple PDSCHs from a multi-TRP such as that shown in FIG. 1B (which may also be called multiple PDSCHs) are scheduled using one DCI, the DCI may be called a single DCI (S-DCI, single PDCCH). Also, when multiple PDSCHs from a multi-TRP such as that shown in FIG. 1D are scheduled using multiple DCIs, these multiple DCIs may be called multiple DCIs (M-DCI, multiple PDCCHs).

Each TRP in a multi-TRP may transmit a different Transport Block (TB)/Code Word (CW)/different layer. Alternatively, each TRP in a multi-TRP may transmit the same TB/CW/layer.

Non-Coherent Joint Transmission (NCJT) is being considered as one form of multi-TRP transmission. In NCJT, for example, TRP1 modulates and maps a first codeword, and transmits a first PDSCH using a first number of layers (e.g., two layers) and a first precoding by layer mapping. TRP2 modulates and maps a second codeword, and transmits a second PDSCH using a second number of layers (e.g., two layers) and a second precoding by layer mapping.

Note that multiple PDSCHs (multi-PDSCHs) that are NCJTed may be defined as partially or completely overlapping with respect to at least one of the time and frequency domains. In other words, the first PDSCH from the first TRP and the second PDSCH from the second TRP may overlap with each other in at least one of the time and frequency resources.

The first PDSCH and the second PDSCH may be assumed to be not quasi-co-located (QCL). Reception of multiple PDSCHs may be interpreted as simultaneous reception of PDSCHs that are not of a certain QCL type (e.g., QCL type D).

In URLLC for multi-TRP, it is considered that PDSCH (transport block (TB) or codeword (CW)) repetition across multi-TRP is supported. It is considered that repetition methods (URLLC schemes, e.g., schemes 1, 2a, 2b, 3, 4) across multi-TRP in the frequency domain, layer (spatial) domain, or time domain are supported. In scheme 1, multi-PDSCH from multi-TRP is space division multiplexed (SDM). In schemes 2a and 2b, PDSCH from multi-TRP is frequency division multiplexed (FDM). In scheme 2a, the redundancy version (RV) is the same for multi-TRP. In scheme 2b, the RV may be the same or different for multi-TRP. In schemes 3 and 4, multiple PDSCHs from multiple TRPs are time division multiplexed (TDM). In scheme 3, multiple PDSCHs from multiple TRPs are transmitted in one slot. In scheme 4, multiple PDSCHs from multiple TRPs are transmitted in different slots.

Such a multi-TRP scenario allows for more flexible transmission control using good quality channels.

NCJT using multiple TRPs/panels may use high rank. To support ideal and non-ideal backhaul between multiple TRPs, both single DCI (single PDCCH, e.g., FIG. 1B) and multiple DCI (multiple PDCCH, e.g., FIG. 1D) may be supported. For both single DCI and multiple DCI, the maximum number of TRPs may be 2.

For single PDCCH design (mainly for ideal backhaul), TCI extension is being considered. Each TCI code point in the DCI may correspond to TCI state 1 or 2. The TCI field size may be the same as that of Rel. 15.

For PDCCH/CORESET as specified in Rel. 15, one TCI state without CORESETPoolIndex (also called TRP Info) is set for one CORESET.

With regard to the enhancement of PDCCH/CORESET defined in Rel. 16, in the case of multi-TRP based on multi-DCI, a CORESET pool index is set for each CORESET.

(Beam Failure Detection (BFD)/Beam Failure Recovery (BFR))
In NR, communication is performed using beamforming. For example, a UE and a base station (e.g., a gNB (gNodeB)) determine the beam used to transmit a signal (also called a transmission beam, Tx beam, etc.) and the beam used to receive a signal. A beam used for receiving a signal (also called a receiving beam, Rx beam, etc.) may be used.

When beamforming is used, it is expected that the quality of the radio link will deteriorate because it is more susceptible to interference from obstacles. This deterioration in radio link quality may result in frequent radio link failures (RLF). When an RLF occurs, it becomes necessary to reconnect the cell, so frequent occurrences of RLF will result in a deterioration of system throughput.

In NR, in order to suppress the occurrence of RLF, when the quality of a particular beam deteriorates, a procedure is implemented to switch to another beam (which may be called Beam Recovery (BR), Beam Failure Recovery (BFR), L1/L2 (Layer 1/Layer 2) beam recovery, etc.). The BFR procedure may simply be called BFR.

Note that in this disclosure, a beam failure (BF) may also be referred to as a link failure.

Figure 2 shows an example of a beam recovery procedure in Rel. 15 NR. The number of beams is an example and is not limited to this. In the initial state (step S101), the UE performs measurements based on reference signal (RS) resources transmitted using two beams.

The RS may be at least one of a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) and a Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS) for measuring channel states. The SSB may also be called an SS/PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) block, etc.

The RS may be at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), a Mobility Reference Signal (MRS), a signal included in an SSB, an SSB, a CSI-RS, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), a beam-specific signal, etc., or a signal constructed by extending or modifying these. The RS measured in step S101 may be called an RS for beam failure detection (Beam Failure Detection RS (BFD-RS), RS for beam failure detection), or an RS for use in a beam recovery procedure (BFR-RS), etc.

In step S102, the UE cannot detect the BFD-RS (or the reception quality of the RS deteriorates) due to interference with radio waves from the base station. Such interference can occur, for example, due to obstacles between the UE and the base station, fading, interference, etc.

The UE detects a beam failure when a certain condition is met. The UE may detect the occurrence of a beam failure, for example, when the Block Error Rate (BLER) is less than a threshold for all configured BFD-RSs (BFD-RS resource configurations). When the occurrence of a beam failure is detected, the lower layer (physical (PHY) layer) of the UE may notify (indicate) a beam failure instance to the upper layer (MAC layer).

The criteria for judgment are not limited to BLER, but may be Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) in the physical layer. Also, instead of or in addition to RS measurements, beam failure detection may be performed based on the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) or the like. The BFD-RS may be expected to be quasi-co-located (QCL) with the DMRS of the PDCCH monitored by the UE.

Here, QCL is an index that indicates the statistical properties of a channel. For example, when a signal/channel has a QCL relationship with another signal/channel, it may mean that it can be assumed that at least one of the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial parameters (e.g., spatial Rx parameters) is the same between these different signals/channels (QCL with respect to at least one of these).

The spatial reception parameters may correspond to a reception beam (e.g., a reception analog beam) of the UE, and the beam may be identified based on a spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in this disclosure may be interpreted as sQCL (spatial QCL).

Information about BFD-RS (e.g., RS index, resource, number, number of ports, precoding, etc.), information about beam failure detection (BFD) (e.g., the above-mentioned thresholds), etc. may be configured (notified) to the UE using higher layer signaling, etc. Information about BFD-RS may be referred to as information about BFR resources, etc.

The upper layer of the UE (e.g., the MAC layer) may start a predetermined timer (which may be called a beam failure detection timer) when a beam failure instance notification is received from the PHY layer of the UE. If the MAC layer of the UE receives a certain number of beam failure instance notifications (e.g., beamFailureInstanceMaxCount set by RRC) before the timer expires, the MAC layer of the UE may trigger a BFR (e.g., start one of the random access procedures described below).

If there is no notification from the UE, or if the base station receives a predetermined signal from the UE (beam recovery request in step S104), the base station may determine that the UE has detected a beam failure.

In step S103, the UE starts searching for a new candidate beam to be used for new communication in order to recover the beam. The UE may select a new candidate beam corresponding to a specific RS by measuring the RS. The RS measured in step S103 may be called a new candidate RS, an RS for identifying a new candidate beam, a New Candidate Beam Identification RS (NCBI-RS), an RS for new beam identification, an RS for new beam identification, a New Beam Identification RS (NBI-RS), a Candidate Beam Identification RS (CBI-RS), a Candidate Beam Identification RS (CB-RS), or the like. The NBI-RS may be the same as or different from the BFD-RS. The new candidate beam may simply be called a candidate beam or a candidate RS.

The UE may determine a beam corresponding to an RS that satisfies a specified condition as a new candidate beam. For example, the UE may determine a new candidate beam based on an RS among the configured NBI-RS whose L1-RSRP exceeds a threshold. Note that the criteria for determination are not limited to L1-RSRP. L1-RSRP related to SSB may be called SS-RSRP. L1-RSRP related to CSI-RS may be called CSI-RSRP.

Information about the NBI-RS (e.g., RS resources, number, number of ports, precoding, etc.), information about the new beam identification (NBI) (e.g., the above-mentioned threshold), etc. may be configured (notified) to the UE using higher layer signaling, etc. Information about the new candidate RS (or NBI-RS) may be obtained based on information about the BFD-RS. Information about the NBI-RS may be referred to as information about resources for NBI, etc.

Note that BFD-RS, NBI-RS, etc. may be interchangeably read as Radio Link Monitoring RS (RLM-RS).

In step S104, the UE that has identified the new candidate beam transmits a beam recovery request (Beam Failure Recovery reQuest (BFRQ)). The beam recovery request may also be called a beam recovery request signal, a beam failure recovery request signal, etc.

The BFRQ may be transmitted, for example, using at least one of an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), and a configured grant (configured grant (CG)) PUSCH.

The BFRQ may include information on the new candidate beam/new candidate RS identified in step S103. Resources for the BFRQ may be associated with the new candidate beam. The beam information may be notified using a beam index (Beam Index (BI)), a port index of a specific reference signal, an RS index, a resource index (e.g., a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) or an SSB resource indicator (SSBRI)), etc.

In Rel. 15 NR, CB-BFR (Contention-Based BFR), which is a BFR based on a contention-based random access (RA) procedure, and CF-BFR (Contention-Free BFR), which is a BFR based on a non-contention-based random access procedure, are being considered. In CB-BFR and CF-BFR, the UE may use the PRACH resource to transmit a preamble (also called a RA preamble, random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), RACH preamble, etc.) as a BFRQ.

In CB-BFR, a UE may transmit a preamble randomly selected from one or more preambles. On the other hand, in CF-BFR, a UE may transmit a preamble that is assigned to the UE by the base station. In CB-BFR, a base station may assign the same preamble to multiple UEs. In CF-BFR, a base station may assign a preamble to each UE individually.

CB-BFR and CF-BFR may be referred to as CB PRACH-based BFR (contention-based PRACH-based BFR (CBRA-BFR)) and CF PRACH-based BFR (contention-free PRACH-based BFR (CFRA-BFR)), respectively. CBRA-BFR may be referred to as CBRA for BFR. CFRA-BFR may be referred to as CFRA for BFR.

In either CB-BFR or CF-BFR, information regarding the PRACH resource (RA preamble) may be notified, for example, by higher layer signaling (such as RRC signaling). For example, the information may include information indicating the correspondence between the detected DL-RS (beam) and the PRACH resource, and a different PRACH resource may be associated with each DL-RS.

In step S105, the base station that detected the BFRQ transmits a response signal (which may be called a gNB response, etc.) to the BFRQ from the UE. The response signal may include reconfiguration information (e.g., configuration information of DL-RS resources) for one or more beams.

The response signal may be transmitted, for example, in the UE common search space of the PDCCH. The response signal may be notified using a PDCCH (DCI) scrambled with a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) by the UE's identifier (for example, the Cell-Radio RNTI (C-RNTI)). The UE may determine at least one of the transmit beam and receive beam to be used based on the beam reconfiguration information.

The UE may monitor the response signal based on at least one of a control resource set for BFR (COntrol REsource SET (CORESET)) and a search space set for BFR.

With respect to CB-BFR, contention resolution may be determined to be successful if the UE receives a PDCCH corresponding to its own C-RNTI.

Regarding the processing of step S105, a period may be set for the UE to monitor a response from a base station (e.g., a gNB) to the BFRQ. The period may be called, for example, a gNB response window, a gNB window, a beam recovery request response window, etc. The UE may retransmit the BFRQ if no gNB response is detected within the window period.

In step S106, the UE may transmit a message to the base station indicating that the beam reconfiguration is complete. The message may be transmitted, for example, via the PUCCH or the PUSCH.

Beam recovery success (BR success) may represent, for example, the case where step S106 has been reached. On the other hand, beam recovery failure (BR failure) may represent, for example, the case where a predetermined number of BFRQ transmissions have been made or the beam failure recovery timer (Beam-failure-recovery-Timer) has expired.

In Rel. 15, it is supported that the beam recovery procedure (e.g., BFRQ notification) for beam failure detected in the SpCell (PCell/PSCell) can be performed using a random access procedure. On the other hand, in Rel. 16, it is supported that the beam recovery procedure (e.g., BFRQ notification) for beam failure detected in the SCell can be performed using at least one of PUCCH (e.g., Scheduling Request (SR)) transmission for BFR and MAC CE (e.g., UL-SCH) transmission for BFR.

For example, the UE may transmit information about beam failure using MAC CE-based two-step. The information about beam failure may include information about the cell that detected the beam failure and information about a new candidate beam (or a new candidate RS index).

[Step 1]
If BF is detected, PUCCH-BFR (Scheduling Request (SR)) may be transmitted from the UE to the PCell/PSCell. Then, a UL grant (DCI) for the following step 2 may be transmitted from the PCell/PSCell to the UE. If a beam failure is detected and there is a MAC CE (or UL-SCH) for transmitting information about a new candidate beam, step 1 (e.g., PUCCH transmission) may be omitted and step 2 (e.g., MAC CE transmission) may be performed.

[Step 2]
Then, the UE may transmit information about the cell where the beam failure was detected (failed) (e.g., cell index) and information about the new candidate beam to the base station (PCell/PSCell) via an uplink channel (e.g., PUSCH) using the MAC CE. After that, through the BFR procedure, the QCL of the PDCCH/PUCCH/PDSCH/PUSCH may be updated to the new beam after a predetermined period (e.g., 28 symbols) after receiving a response signal from the base station.

Note that the numbers of these steps are for explanatory purposes only, and multiple steps may be combined or the order may be changed. In addition, whether or not to perform BFR may be configured in the UE using higher layer signaling.

(BFD-RS)
In Rel. 16, for each BWP of one serving cell, the UE may be provided with a set of periodic (P)-CSI-RS resource configuration indexes _q0 via higher layer parameters related to failure detection resources (e.g., failureDetectionResources, failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList, RadioLinkMonitoringConfig), and at least one set of P-CSI-RS resource configuration indexes and SS/PBCH block indexes _q1 via a candidate beam RS list (candidateBeamRSList) or an extended candidate beam RS list (candidateBeamRSListExt-r16) or a candidate beam RS list for SCell (candidateBeamRSSCellList-r16).

Here, the q ₀ bar is a notation with an overline added to "q ₀ ". Hereafter, the q ₀ bar will be simply written as q _0. The q ₁ bar is a notation with an overline added to "q ₁ ". Hereafter, the q ₁ bar will be simply written as q ₁ .

The set of P-CSI-RS resources q ₀ provided by the failure detection resource (eg, a predefined higher layer parameter) may be referred to as an explicit BFD-RS.

The UE may perform L1-RSRP measurement, etc., using RS resources corresponding to indices included in at least one of set _q0 and set _q1 to detect beam failure.

In the present disclosure, provision of the above-mentioned higher layer parameters indicating information of an index corresponding to a BFD resource may be interpreted as configuring a BFD resource, configuring a BFD-RS, etc. In the present disclosure, the BFD resource, the periodic CSI-RS resource configuration index or the set of SSB indices q ₀ , the BFD-RS, the BFD-RS set, and the RS set may be interpreted as mutually interchangeable.

If the UE is not provided with a BFD-RS set _q0 by failure detection resources (e.g., failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList) for one BWP of its serving cell, the UE may be supported to determine the RS (set _q0 ) to use for the BFD procedure according to the following implicit BFD-RS determination procedure.

[Implicit BFD-RS Decision Procedure]
The UE determines the P-CSI-RS resource configuration index to include in set _q0 that has the same value as the RS index in the RS set indicated by the TCI-State for the respective CORESET that the UE uses to monitor the PDCCH. This set _q0 may be called implicit BFD-RS.

If there are two RS indices in one TCI state, then set _q0 contains RS indices that have QCL type D configuration for the corresponding TCI state. The UE assumes that set _q0 contains up to two RS indices. The UE assumes single-port RS in set _q0 .

In this way, the UE may determine the BFD-RS (RS set) based on the TCI state corresponding to the PDCCH/CORESET if the RS (e.g., BFD-RS) set for beam obstruction detection is not explicitly provided (e.g., by higher layer parameters).

(BFR in TRP)
Before Rel. 16, cell-based BFR was supported, but after Rel. 17, it is expected that BFR other than cell-based (for example, one or more TRPs included in a cell) will be supported. For example, after Rel. 17, the introduction of independent BFD-RS settings for each TRP in beam failure detection with multiple TRPs is being considered. Each TRP may be associated with one or more BFD-RSs.

In this disclosure, one or more BFD-RSs may be referred to as a set of BFD-RSs (BFD-RS set). In Rel. 15, up to two BFD-RSs are configured per BWP. For example, the two BFD-RSs may be referred to as one BFD-RS set. In Rel. 17 and later, the number of BFD-RSs per BWP does not have to be two, and for example, the number of BFD-RSs may be determined based on UE capabilities.

In addition, in Rel. 17 and later, in BFR with multiple TRPs, multiple (e.g., two) BFD-RS sets are supported per BWP, and up to N (N is any integer) BFD-RS sets may be supported per BFD-RS set.

Furthermore, in Rel. 17 and later, when one or more NBI-RSs (NBI-RS sets) are configured for each TRP in new beam identification with multiple TRPs, it is being considered to introduce the setting of an independent NBI-RS set for each TRP. In this disclosure, one or more NBI-RSs may be referred to as a set of NBI-RSs (NBI-RS set).

In addition, from Rel. 17 onwards, it is being considered to associate one BFD-RS set with one NBI-RS set on a one-to-one basis.

For example, for BFR of multiple TRPs based on single/multiple DCI, it may be supported to configure up to two BFD-RS sets and two BFD-RS sets per TRP.

In addition, if TRP-based (or panel-based) BFR is supported in addition to the cell-based BFR used in Rel. 16 and earlier, it is assumed that BFR in a certain cell will be performed using one of the units. In this case, the UE may be implicitly instructed as to whether to apply cell-based BFR or TRP-based BFR.

For example, in each BWP of the serving cell, when the UE is provided with the RS set (BFD-RS set) for the first beam failure detection/RS set (NBI-RS set) for the candidate beam, the cell-based BFR is applied. On the other hand, in each BWP of the serving cell, when the UE is provided with the RS set (BFD-RS set) for the second beam failure detection/RS set (NBI-RS _set ) for the candidate beam instead of the RS set (BFD-RS set q ₀ ) for the first beam failure detection/RS set (NBI-RS set q 1), the TRP-based BFR may be applied.

For example, the RS set for second beam failure detection (BFD-RS set) may include two BFD-RS sets (e.g., two sets of (P)-CSI-RS resource configuration indexes _q0,0bar (hereinafter also referred to as _q0,0 ) and _q0,1bar (hereinafter also referred to as _q0,1 )). Also, the RS set for the second candidate beam (NBI-RS set) may include two NBI-RS sets (e.g., at least two sets of P-CSI-RS resource configuration indexes and SS/PBCH block indexes _q1,0bar (hereinafter also referred to as _q1,0 ) and _q1,1bar (hereinafter also referred to as _q1,1 )).

BFD-RS set _q0,0 may be associated with NBI-RS set _q1,0 , and BFD-RS set _q0,1 may be associated with NBI-RS set _q1,1 , and NBI-RS sets _q1,0 and _q1,1 may be configured with separate upper layer parameters (e.g., candidateBeamRSList1 and candidateBeamRSList2).

In this way, when a first BFD-RS set _q0 /NBI-RS set _q1 is provided in a certain cell (or a BWP of a certain cell), the UE performs BFR (e.g., cell-based BFR) using the RS set. On the other hand, when a second BFD-RS set _q0,0 , _q0,1 /NBI-RS set _q1,0 , _q1,1 is provided instead of the first BFD-RS set _q0 /NBI-RS set _q1 , the UE performs BFR (e.g., TRP-based BFR) using the RS set.

(Unified/Common TCI Framework)
According to the unified TCI framework, multiple types of (UL/DL) channels/RSs can be controlled by a common framework. The unified TCI framework does not specify the TCI state or spatial relationship for each channel as in Rel. 15, but instead specifies a common beam (common TCI state) and may apply it to all UL and DL channels, or a common beam for UL may apply to all UL channels and a common beam for DL may apply to all DL channels.

One common beam for both DL and UL, or one common beam for DL and one common beam for UL (total of two common beams) are being considered.

The UE may assume the same TCI state for UL and DL (joint TCI state, joint TCI pool, joint common TCI pool, joint TCI state set). The UE may assume different TCI states for UL and DL respectively (separate TCI state, separate TCI pool, UL separate TCI pool and DL separate TCI pool, separate common TCI pool, UL common TCI pool and DL common TCI pool).

The UL and DL default beams may be aligned via MAC CE based beam management (MAC CE level beam instructions). The PDSCH default TCI state may be updated to match the default UL beam (spatial relationship).

DCI based beam management (DCI level beam indication) may indicate a common beam/unified TCI state from the same TCI pool (joint common TCI pool, joint TCI pool, set) for both UL and DL. X (>1) TCI states may be activated by the MAC CE. The UL/DL DCI may select one out of the X active TCI states. The selected TCI state may be applied to both UL and DL channels/RS.

The TCI pool (set) may be multiple TCI states set by the RRC parameters, or multiple TCI states (active TCI states, active TCI pool, set) activated by the MAC CE among multiple TCI states set by the RRC parameters. Each TCI state may be a QCL type A/D RS. SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS may be set as the QCL type A/D RS.

The number of TCI states corresponding to each of one or more TRPs may be specified. For example, the number N (≧1) of TCI states (UL TCI states) applied to UL channels/RS and the number M (≧1) of TCI states (DL TCI states) applied to DL channels/RS may be specified. At least one of N and M may be notified/configured/instructed to the UE via higher layer signaling/physical layer signaling.

In the present disclosure, when N=M=X (X is any integer), it may mean that X TCI states (joint TCI states) common to UL and DL (corresponding to X TRPs) are notified/configured/instructed to the UE. Also, when N=X (X is any integer) and M=Y (Y may be any integer, Y=X), it may mean that X UL TCI states (corresponding to X TRPs) and Y DL TCI states (i.e., separate TCI states) (corresponding to Y TRPs) are notified/configured/instructed to the UE.

For example, when N=M=1 is written, this may mean that the UE is notified/configured/indicated a TCI state common to one UL and DL for a single TRP (joint TCI state for a single TRP).

Also, for example, when N=1 and M=1 are written, this may mean that one UL TCI state and one DL TCI state for a single TRP are separately notified/configured/instructed to the UE (separate TCI states for a single TRP).

Also, for example, when N=M=2 is written, this may mean that the UE is notified/configured/instructed to a TCI state common to multiple (two) ULs and DLs for multiple (two) TRPs (joint TCI state for multiple TRPs).

Also, for example, when N=2 and M=2 are written, this may mean that multiple (two) UL TCI states and multiple (two) DL TCI states for multiple (two) TRPs are notified/configured/instructed to the UE (separate TCI states for multiple TRPs).

In the above example, the values of N and M are 1 or 2, but the values of N and M may be 3 or more, and N and M may be different.

It is being considered that N=M=1 will be supported in Rel. 17. For example, it may be supported to indicate one common beam (e.g., a common beam) by RRC/MAC CE/DCI, and the one common beam may be applied to multiple DL/UL channels/reference signals. Other cases may be supported in Rel. 18 and later.

Figures 3A and 3B show an example of a unified TCI framework. Figure 3A shows an example of a joint DL/UL TCI state (e.g., Joint DL/UL TCI state), and Figure 3B shows an example of a separate TCI state (e.g., Separate TCI (DL TCI state and UL TCI state)).

In the example of FIG. 3A, the RRC parameters configure multiple TCI states for both DL and UL. In this disclosure, the TCI states configured by the RRC parameters may be referred to as configured TCI states. The MAC CE may activate multiple TCI states among the configured TCI states. The DCI may indicate one of the activated TCI states. In this disclosure, the TCI state indicated by the DCI may be referred to as indicated TCI state.

The DCI may be a UL DCI (e.g., a DCI used for scheduling a PUSCH) or a DL DCI (e.g., a DCI used for scheduling a PDSCH). The indicated TCI state may apply to at least one (or all) of the UL/DL channels/RS. One DCI may indicate both UL TCI and DL TCI.

In the example of this figure, a point may be one TCI state that applies to both UL and DL, or it may be two TCI states that apply to UL and DL, respectively.

At least one of the multiple TCI states configured by the RRC parameters and the multiple TCI states activated by the MAC CE may be referred to as a TCI pool (common TCI pool, joint TCI pool, TCI state pool). The multiple TCI states activated by the MAC CE may be referred to as an active TCI pool (active common TCI pool).

In addition, in this disclosure, the higher layer parameters (RRC parameters) that set multiple TCI states may be referred to as configuration information that sets multiple TCI states, or simply as "configuration information." Also, in this disclosure, being instructed to set one of multiple TCI states using DCI may mean receiving indication information that indicates one of the multiple TCI states included in DCI, or may simply mean receiving "instruction information."

In the example of FIG. 3B, the RRC parameters configure multiple TCI states for both DL and UL (joint common TCI pool). The MAC CE may activate multiple TCI states (active TCI pools) out of the configured multiple TCI states. Separate active TCI pools for each of UL and DL may be configured/activated.

The DL DCI or new DCI format may select (indicate) one or more (e.g., one) TCI states. The selected TCI state may apply to one or more (or all) DL channels/RS. The DL channels may be PDCCH/PDSCH/CSI-RS. The UE may determine the TCI state of each DL channel/RS using the TCI state behavior (TCI framework) of Rel. 16. The UL DCI or new DCI format may select (indicate) one or more (e.g., one) TCI states. The selected TCI state may apply to one or more (or all) UL channels/RS. The UL channels may be PUSCH/SRS/PUCCH. Thus, different DCIs may indicate UL TCI and DL DCI separately.

In Rel. 17 NR and later, it is assumed that the MAC CE/DCI will support beam activation/indication to a TCI state associated with a different physical cell identifier (PCI). Also, in Rel. 18 NR and later, it is assumed that the MAC CE/DCI will support indicative serving cell change to a cell with a different PCI.

The method of setting/indicating the TCI state in FIG. 3A (e.g., joint DL/UL TCI state) and the method of setting/indicating the application of the TCI state in FIG. 3B (e.g., separate TCI state) may be switched and applied. Whether the joint DL/UL TCI state or the separate TCI state is applied may be set by the base station to the UE by a higher layer parameter.

(Indicated TCI state/Set TCI state)
For Rel. 17 TCI states, the unified/common TCI state may mean the Rel. 17 TCI state indicated using (Rel. 17) DCI/MAC CE/RRC (indicated Rel. 17 TCI state).

In this disclosure, the terms indicated Rel. 17 TCI state, indicated TCI state, unified/common TCI state, TCI state applicable to multiple types of signals (channels/RS), and TCI state for multiple types of signals (channels/RS) may be interpreted interchangeably.

The indicated Rel. 17 TCI state may be shared with at least one of the UE-specific reception on PDSCH/PDCC (updated using Rel. 17 DCI/MAC CE/RRC), PUSCH of dynamic grant (DCI)/configured grant, and multiple (e.g., all) dedicated PUCCH resources. The TCI state indicated by the DCI/MAC CE/RRC may be referred to as the indicated TCI state, the unified TCI state.

With respect to the Rel. 17 TCI state, a TCI state other than the unified TCI state may refer to a Rel. 17 TCI state configured using the (Rel. 17) MAC CE/RRC (configured Rel. 17 TCI state). In this disclosure, the configured Rel. 17 TCI state, the configured TCI state, a TCI state other than the unified TCI state, and a TCI state applied to a specific type of signal (channel/RS) may be interpreted as being mutually interchangeable.

The configured Rel. 17 TCI state may not be shared with at least one of the UE-specific reception in the PDSCH/PDCC (updated using the Rel. 17 DCI/MAC CE/RRC), the PUSCH of the dynamic grant (DCI)/configured grant, and multiple (e.g., all) dedicated PUCCH resources. The configured Rel. 17 TCI state may be configured by the RRC/MAC CE for each CORESET/resource/resource set, and may not be updated even if the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state (common TCI state) described above is updated.

It is being considered that the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state will be applied to UE-specific channels/signals (RS). It is also being considered that the UE will be notified using higher layer signaling (RRC signaling) as to whether the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state or the configured Rel. 17 TCI state will be applied to non-UE-specific channels/signals.

It is being considered that the RRC parameters for the configured Rel. 17 TCI state (TCI state ID) will have the same configuration as the RRC parameters for the TCI state in Rel. 15/16. It is being considered that the configured Rel. 17 TCI state will be set/instructed for each CORESET/resource/resource set using RRC/MAC CE. It is also being considered that the UE will make decisions regarding the setting/instruction based on specific parameters.

It is being considered that the UE will update the indicated TCI state and the configured TCI state separately. For example, if the unified TCI state for the indicated TCI state is updated for the UE, the configured TCI state may not need to be updated. It is also being considered that the UE will make a decision about the update based on a specific parameter.

In addition, it is being considered to use higher layer signaling (RRC/MAC CE) to switch between whether the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state is applied to the PDCCH/PDSCH or not (the configured Rel. 17 TCI state is applied, or a TCI state configured separately from the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state is applied).

In addition, for intra-cell beam indication (TCI state indication), it is being considered to support Rel. 17 TCI state indication for UE-specific CORESET and PDSCH associated with that CORESET, and non-UE-specific CORESET and PDSCH associated with that CORESET.

In addition, for inter-cell beam indication (e.g., L1/L2 inter-cell mobility), support for indicating Rel. 17 TCI states for UE-specific CORESETs and their associated PDSCHs is under consideration.

In Rel. 15, whether to indicate the TCI state for CORESET#0 was up to the base station implementation. In Rel. 15, for CORESET#0 for which a TCI state is indicated, the indicated TCI state is applied. For CORESET#0 for which a TCI state is not indicated, the SSB and QCL selected at the time of the latest (most recent) PRACH transmission are applied.

In the unified TCI state framework for Rel. 17 and later, the TCI state for CORESET#0 is being considered.

For example, in the unified TCI state framework for Rel. 17 and later, for the Rel. 17 TCI state indication of CORESET #0, whether or not to apply the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state associated with the serving cell is set by RRC for each CORESET, and if not applied, the legacy MAC CE/RACH signaling mechanism may be used.

Note that the CSI-RS related to the Rel. 17 TCI state applied to CORESET#0 may be QCL'd with the SSB related to the serving cell PCI (physical cell ID) (similar to Rel. 15).

For CORESET#0, CORESETs with a common search space (CSS), and CORESETs with a CSS and a UE-specific search space (USS), whether to follow the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state may be configured for each CORESET by an RRC parameter. If the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state is not configured for that CORESET, the configured Rel. 17 TCI state may be applied to that CORESET.

For non-UE-dedicated channels/RS (excluding CORESET), RRC parameters may be configured for each channel/resource/resource set to follow or not follow the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state. If the indicated Rel. 17 TCI state is not configured for that channel/resource/resource set, the configured Rel. 17 TCI state may be applied to that channel/resource/resource set.

(Channel/RS to which the indicated TCI state applies)
The indicated TCI state by the MAC CE/DCI may apply to the following channels/RS:

[PDCCH]
If followUnifiedTCIState is set for CORESET0, the indicated TCI state is applied. Otherwise, the Rel. 15 specifications are applied for that CORESET. That is, CORESET0 follows the TCI state activated by the MAC CE or is QCL'd with SSB.
For a CORESET with index other than 0 with USS/CSS type 3, the indicated TCI state always applies.
For a CORESET with index other than 0, with at least a CSS other than CSS type 3, configured to follow the uniform TCI state, the indicated TCI state applies. Otherwise, the configured TCI state for that CORESET applies to that CORESET.

[PDSCH]
- The indicated TCI state always applies for all UE-dedicated PDSCHs.
For a non-UE-dedicated PDSCH (PDSCH scheduled by a DCI in the CSS), if followUnifiedTCIState is set (for the CORESET of the PDCCH that schedules the PDSCH), the indicated TCI state may apply. Otherwise, the configured TCI state for the PDSCH applies to the PDSCH. If followUnifiedTCIState is not set for a PDSCH, whether a non-UE-dedicated PDSCH follows the indicated TCI state may depend on whether followUnifiedTCIState is set for the CORESET used to schedule the PDSCH.

[CSI-RS]
For an A-CSI-RS for CSI acquisition or beam management, if followUnifiedTCIState is set (for the CORESET of the PDCCH that triggers that A-CSI-RS), the indicated TCI state applies. For other CSI-RSs, the configured TCI state for that CSI-RS applies.

[PUCCH]
- For all dedicated PUCCH resources, the indicated TCI state always applies.

[PUSH]
For dynamic/configured grant PUSCH, the indicated TCI state is always applied.

[SRS]
If the SRS resource set for the A-SRS for beam management and the A/SP/P-SRS for codebook (CB)/non-codebook (NCB)/antenna switching is configured to follow the unified TCI state, the indicated TCI state is applied. For other SRS, the configured TCI state in the SRS resource set is applied.

(Transmission Power Control)
<PUSCH transmission power control>
In NR, the transmission power of the PUSH is controlled based on the TPC command (also called a value, an increase/decrease value, a correction value, etc.) indicated by the value of a field in the DCI (also called a TPC command field, etc.).

For example, if a UE transmits a PUSCH on an active UL BWP b of a carrier f of a serving cell c using a parameter set having index j (open loop parameter set) and a power control adjustment state (PUSCH power control adjustment state) with index l, the transmission power (P _PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q _d ,l)) [dBm] of the PUSCH in a PUSCH transmission occasion (also referred to as a transmission period, etc.) i may be based on at least one of P _CMAX,f,c(i) , P _{O — PUSCH,b,f,c} (j), M ^PUSCH _RB,b,f,c (i), α _b,f,c (j), PL _b,f,c (q _d ), Δ _TF,b,f,c (i), and f _b,f,c (i,l), as shown in the following (Equation 1).

(Equation 1)

The power control adjustment state may be referred to as the closed loop (CL)-power control (PC) state, the value based on the TPC command of the power control adjustment state index l, the accumulated value of the TPC commands, or the value due to the closed loop. l may be referred to as the closed loop index.

Furthermore, a PUSCH transmission opportunity i is a period during which a PUSCH is transmitted, and may be composed of, for example, one or more symbols, one or more slots, etc.

P _CMAX,f,c (i) is, for example, the maximum transmit power (configured maximum output power, UE configured maximum output power) of the user terminal configured for carrier f of serving cell c at transmission opportunity i.

P _{O_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j) is, for example, a parameter related to a target received power (e.g., a parameter related to a transmit power offset, a transmit power offset P0, a target received power parameter, etc.) set for an active UL BWP b of a serving cell c at a transmission opportunity i. _{P O_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j) may be the sum of P _{O_NOMINAL_PUSCH,f,c} (j) and P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j).

M ^PUSCH _RB,b,f,c (i) is, for example, the number of resource blocks (bandwidth) allocated to PUSCH for transmission opportunity i in active UL BWP b of serving cell c and carrier f with subcarrier spacing μ, and α _b,f,c (j) is a value provided by higher layer parameters (e.g., also referred to as msg3-Alpha, p0-PUSCH-Alpha, fractional factor, etc.).

PL _b,f,c (q _d ) is, for example, the path loss (path loss estimation [dB], path loss compensation) calculated in the user terminal using index q _{d of a reference signal (reference signal (RS), path loss reference RS, pathloss (PL)-RS, path loss reference RS, path loss measurement DL-RS, PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS) for the downlink BWP associated with active UL BWP b} of carrier f of serving cell c.

If the UE is not provided with a pathloss reference RS (e.g., PUSCH-PathlossReferenceRS) or if the UE is not provided with individual upper layer parameters, the UE may calculate PL b,f,c (q _d ) using RS resources from the synchronization signal (SS)/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block ( _SS block (SSB)) used to obtain the Master Information Block (MIB).

When the UE is configured with a number of RS resource indices up to a value of a maximum number of pathloss reference RSs (e.g., maxNrofPUSCH-PathlossReferenceRSs) and a set of respective RS configurations for the RS resource indices by the pathloss reference RSs, the set of RS resource indices may include one or both of a set of SS/PBCH block indices and a set of channel state information (CSI)-reference signal (RS) resource indices. The UE may identify an RS resource index _qd in the set of RS resource indices.

If a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by a Random Access Response (RAR) UL grant, the UE may use the same RS resource index _qd as for the corresponding PRACH transmission.

If the UE is provided with a power control configuration for the PUSCH via a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource indicator (SRI) (e.g., SRI-PUSCH-PowerControl) and with one or more values of the ID of the pathloss reference RS, the UE may obtain a mapping between a set of values for the SRI field in DCI format 0_1 and a set of ID values of the pathloss reference RS from higher layer signaling (e.g., sri-PUSCH-PowerControl-Id in SRI-PUSCH-PowerControl). The UE may determine the RS resource index _qd from the ID of the pathloss reference RS mapped to the SRI field value in DCI format 0_1 that schedules the PUSCH.

If a PUCCH transmission is scheduled by DCI format 0_0 and the UE is not provided with PUCCH spatial relationship information for the PUCCH resource with the lowest index for the active UL BWP b of each carrier f and serving cell c, the UE may use the same RS resource index q _d for the PUCCH transmission in that PUCCH resource.

If a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by DCI format 0_0 and the UE is not provided with spatial settings for PUCCH transmission, or if a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by DCI format 0_1 that does not include an SRI field, or if the UE is not provided with settings for PUSCH power control by SRI, the UE may use an RS resource index _qd with a pathloss reference RS ID of zero.

For a PUSH transmission configured by a configuration grant configuration (e.g., ConfiguredGrantConfig), if the configuration grant configuration includes a specific parameter (e.g., rrc-ConfiguredUplinkGrant), the RS resource index _qd may be provided to the UE by a path loss reference index (e.g., pathlossReferenceIndex) in the specific parameter.

For a PUSCH transmission configured by a configuration grant configuration, if the configuration grant configuration does not include a specific parameter, the UE may determine the RS resource index _qd from the value of the ID of the pathloss reference RS mapped to the SRI field in the DCI format that activates the PUSCH transmission. If the DCI format does not include an SRI field, the UE may determine the RS resource index _qd with a pathloss reference RS ID of zero.

Δ _TF,b,f,c (i) is the transmission power adjustment component (offset, transmission format compensation) for UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c.

f _b,f,c (i,l) is the PUSCH power control adjustment state for active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c at transmission opportunity i. _{f b,f,c} (i,l) may be based on δ _PUSCH,b,f,c (i,l).

If TPC accumulation is enabled, f _b,f,c (i,l) may be based on the accumulated value of δ _PUSCH,b,f,c (m,l).

If TPC accumulation is disabled, then f _b,f,c (i,l) may be δ _PUSCH,b,f,c (i,l) (absolute value).

If information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled (TPC-Accumulation) is not set (if information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled is not provided, and TPC accumulation is set to enabled), the UE accumulates the TPC command values and determines the transmission power based on the accumulation result (power control state) (applies the TPC command values via accumulation).

If information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled (TPC-Accumulation) is set (if information indicating that TPC accumulation is disabled is provided, if TPC accumulation is set to disabled), the UE does not accumulate the TPC command values and determines the transmission power based on the TPC command values (power control state) (applies the TPC command values without using accumulation).

δ _PUSCH,b,f,c (i,l) may be the TPC command value included in DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 that schedules a PUSCH transmission opportunity i on active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c, or the TPC command value jointly coded with other TPC commands in DCI format 2_2 with CRC scrambled by a specific Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) (e.g., TPC-PUSCH-RNTI).

Σ _m=0 ^C(Di)-1 δ _PUCCH,b,f,c (m,l) may be the sum of TPC command values in set _Di of TPC command values with group/cardinality C( _Di ). _Di may be the set of TPC command values that the UE receives between K _PUSCH (ii ₀ )-1 symbols before PUSCH transmission opportunity ii ₀ and K _PUSCH (i) symbols before PUSCH transmission opportunity i on active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c for PUSCH power control adjustment state l. _{i 0} may be the smallest positive integer such that K _PUSCH (ii ₀ ) symbols before PUSCH transmission opportunity ii ₀ is earlier than K _PUSCH (i) symbols before PUSCH transmission opportunity i.

If a PUSCH transmission is scheduled by DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1, K _PUSCH (i) may be the number of symbols in the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c that is after the last symbol of the corresponding PDCCH reception and before the first symbol of the PUSCH transmission. If a PUSCH transmission is configured by configured grant configuration information (ConfiguredGrantConfig), K _PUSCH (i) may be the number of K PUSCH, _min symbols in the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c that is equal to the product of the number of symbols per slot N _symb ^slot and the minimum of the value provided by k2 in PUSCH common configuration information (PUSCH-ConfigCommon).

The power control adjustment state may be set by higher layer parameters to have multiple states (e.g., two states) or a single state. In addition, when multiple power control adjustment states are set, one of the multiple power control adjustment states may be identified by an index l (e.g., l∈{0, 1}).

<PUCCH transmission power control>
In NR, the transmission power of the PUCCH is controlled based on the TPC command (also called a value, an increase/decrease value, a correction value, an instruction value, etc.) indicated by the value of a specified field (also called a TPC command field, a first field, etc.) in the DCI.

For example, using an index l of a power control adjustment state, the transmission power of the PUCCH in a PUCCH transmission occasion (also referred to as a transmission period, etc.) i for an active UL BWP b of a carrier f of a serving cell c (P _PUCCH,b,f,c (i,q _u ,q _d ,l)) may be expressed as shown in the following (Equation 2).

(Equation 2)

The power control adjustment state may be referred to as the PUCCH power control adjustment state, the first or second state, etc.

Furthermore, PUCCH transmission opportunity i is a predetermined period during which PUCCH is transmitted, and may be composed of, for example, one or more symbols, one or more slots, etc.

In (Equation 2), P _CMAX,f,c (i) is, for example, the transmission power of a user terminal set for carrier f of serving cell c at transmission opportunity i (also referred to as maximum transmission power, UE maximum output power, etc.), and _{P O_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ) is, for example, a parameter related to a target received power set for active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c at transmission opportunity i (for example, a parameter related to a transmission power offset, also referred to as a transmission power offset P0 or a target received power parameter, etc.).

M ^PUCCH _RB,b,f,c (i) is, for example, the number of resource blocks (bandwidth) allocated to PUCCH for transmission opportunity i in active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and subcarrier spacing μ. PL _b,f,c (q _d ) is, for example, the path loss calculated in the user terminal using index q _d of the reference signal for the downlink BWP (pathloss reference RS, DL RS for pathloss measurement, PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS) associated with active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c.

Δ _{F — PUCCH} (F) is a higher layer parameter given per PUCCH format. Δ _TF,b,f,c (i) is a transmission power adjustment component (offset) for UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c.

g _b,f,c (i,l) is the TPC command based value (e.g., power control adjustment state, accumulated value of TPC commands, value due to closed loop, PUCCH power adjustment state) of said power control adjustment state index l of active UL BWP of carrier f of serving cell c and transmission opportunity i.

If the UE is provided with information indicating the use of two PUCCH power control adjustment states (twoPUCCH-PC-AdjustmentStates) and PUCCH spatial relationship information (PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo), l = {0, 1}. If the UE is not provided with information indicating the use of two PUCCH power control adjustment states or spatial relationship information for PUCCH, l = 0.

If the UE gets the TPC command values from DCI format 1_0 or 1_1 and if the UE is provided with PUCCH spatial relation information, the UE may obtain a mapping between the PUCCH spatial relation information ID (pucch-SpatialRelationInfoId) value and the closed loop index (closedLoopIndex, power adjustment state index l) by an index provided by the P0 ID for PUCCH (p0-PUCCH-Id in p0-Set in PUCCH-PowerControl in PUCCH-Config). If the UE receives an activation command containing a value of PUCCH spatial relation information ID, the UE may determine the value of the closed loop index that provides the value of l through a link to the corresponding P0 ID for PUCCH.

If the UE is provided by higher layers with a configuration of the _{P0_PUCCH,b,f,c} ( _qu ) value for corresponding PUCCH power adjustment state l for active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c, then gb _,f,c (i,l) = 0, k = 0, 1, ..., i. If the UE is provided with PUCCH spatial relationship information, the UE may determine the value of _l from the value of qu based on the PUCCH spatial relationship information associated with the P0 ID for PUCCH corresponding to _qu and the closed-loop index value corresponding to l.

_Qu may be a P0 ID for PUCCH (p0-PUCCH-Id) indicating P0 for PUCCH (P0-PUCCH) in a P0 set for PUCCH (p0-Set).

If the UE is not provided with PUCCH spatial relation information (PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo), the UE derives the P0 value for PUCCH (p0-PUCCH-Value) from the value of P0-ID for PUCCH (p0-PUCCH-Id) equal to the minimum value of P0-ID for PUCCH (p0-PUCCH-Id) in the P0 set (p0-Set).

If the UE is provided with pathloss reference RSs and not with PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo, the UE derives the value of the reference signal in the PUCCH pathloss reference RS from the PUCCH pathloss reference RS-ID with index 0 in the PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS. The resulting RS resource is on the primary cell or, if pathlossReferenceLinking is provided, on the serving cell indicated by the value of pathlossreferencelinking.

If the UE is provided with the number of PUCCH power control adjustment states maintained by the UE being two (twoPUCCH-PC-AdjustmentStates) and with PUCCH spatial relationship information, then PUCCH power control adjustment state (closed loop) index l ∈ {0,1}. If the UE is not provided with the number of PUCCH power control adjustment states maintained by the UE being two or with PUCCH spatial relationship information, then PUCCH power control adjustment state (closed loop) index l = 0.

In other words, if the UE is not provided with PUCCH spatial relationship information, P0, PL-RS, and closed-loop index are determined according to the rules. In this case, the smallest P0-ID for PUCCH is applied, PUCCH pathloss reference RS-ID=0 is applied, and l=0 is applied.

In the RRC information element (IE), the PUCCH power control information element (PUCCH-PowerControl) includes a P0 set (p0-Set) which is a set of P0 for PUCCH (P0-PUCCH) and a pathloss reference RS (pathlossReferenceRSs) which is a set of PUCCH pathloss reference RS (PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS). The P0 for PUCCH includes a P0-ID (P0-PUCCH-Id) for PUCCH and a P0 value (p0-PUCCH-Value) for PUCCH. The PUCCH pathloss reference RS includes a PUCCH pathloss reference RS-ID (PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS-Id) and a reference signal (referenceSignal, SSB index or NZP-CSI-RS resource ID).

<SRS transmission power control>
Using index l of the power control adjustment state (closed loop state), the transmission power of the SRS in an SRS transmission occasion (also referred to as a transmission period, etc.) i for an active UL BWP b of carrier f of a serving cell c (P _SRS,b,f,c (i, q _s , l)) is given by the following equation (Equation 3) based on P _CMAX,f,c (i), P _{O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ), M _{SRS, b,f,c (i), α SRS, b,f,c (q s ), PL b, f} ,c (q _d ), h _b,f,c (i, l)

(Equation 3)

Furthermore, an SRS transmission opportunity i is a period during which an SRS is transmitted, and may be composed of, for example, one or more symbols, one or more slots, etc.

Here, P _CMAX,f,c (i) is, for example, the UE maximum output power for carrier f of serving cell c at SRS transmission opportunity i, and _{P O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) is a parameter related to the target received power provided by p0 for the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and the SRS resource set q _s (provided by SRS-ResourceSet and SRS-ResourceSetId) (e.g., a parameter related to a transmit power offset, also referred to as a transmit power offset P0 or a target received power parameter, etc.).

M _SRS,b,f,c (i) is the SRS bandwidth in number of resource blocks for SRS transmission opportunity i on active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and subcarrier spacing μ.

α _SRS,b,f,c (q _s ) is given by α (e.g., alpha) for active UL BWP b of carrier f with serving cell c and subcarrier spacing μ and SRS resource set q _s , where α (e.g., alpha) may be defined as a path loss compensation factor for UL power control.

PL _b,f,c (q _d ) is the DL pathloss estimate [dB] (pathloss estimation [dB], pathloss compensation) calculated by the UE for the active DL BWP of serving cell c and SRS resource set q _s using RS resource index q _{d ,} which is the pathloss reference RS (pathloss reference RS, pathloss(PL)-RS, DL-RS for pathloss measurement, e.g., provided by pathlossReferenceRS) associated with SRS resource set q _s and is an SS/PBCH block index (e.g., ssb-Index) or a CSI-RS resource index (e.g., csi-RS-Index).

If the UE is not provided with pathloss reference RSs (pathlossReferenceRSs) or before the UE is provided with individual higher layer parameters, the UE calculates PL _b,f,c (q _d ) using RS resources obtained from the SS/PBCH block that the UE uses to acquire the MIB.

h _b,f,c (i,l) is the SRS power control adjustment state for the active UL BWP of carrier f of serving cell c at SRS transmission opportunity i. If the SRS power control adjustment state configuration (e.g., srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates) indicates the same power control adjustment state for SRS and PUSCH transmissions, then the current PUSCH power control adjustment state f _b,f,c (i,l). On the other hand, if the SRS power control adjustment state configuration indicates independent power control adjustment states for SRS and PUSCH transmissions, then the SRS power control adjustment state h _b,f,c (i) may be based on δ _SRS,b,f,c (m).

If TPC accumulation is enabled, h _b,f,c (i) may be based on the accumulated value of δ _SRS,b,f,c (m).

If TPC accumulation is disabled, h _b,f,c (i) may be δ _SRS,b,f,c (i) (absolute value).

where δ _SRS,b,f,c (m) may be a TPC command value that is jointly coded with other TPC commands in a PDCCH with DCI (e.g., DCI format 2_3), and _{Σ m=0} ^C(Si)-1 δ _SRS,b,f,c (m) may be the sum of TPC commands in a set S i of TPC command values with cardinality C(S i ) received by the UE between K _SRS (i-i ₀ )-1 symbols prior to the SRS transmission opportunity i-i ₀ and K _SRS ( _i ) symbols prior to the SRS transmission opportunity i on the active UL BWP b of serving cell _c and carrier f with subcarrier spacing μ. Here, i ₀ may be the smallest positive integer such that K _SRS (i−i ₀ )−1 symbols prior to SRS transmission opportunity i−i ₀ occurs earlier than K _SRS (i) symbols prior to SRS transmission opportunity i.

If the SRS transmission is aperiodic, K _SRS (i) may be the number of symbols in the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c after the last symbol of the corresponding PDCCH that triggers the SRS transmission and before the first symbol of the SRS transmission. If the SRS transmission is semi-persistent or periodic, K _SRS (i) may be the number of K _{SRS,min symbols in the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c that is equal to the product of the number of symbols per slot, N symb} ^slot , and the minimum of the value provided by k2 in the PUSCH-ConfigCommon.

(analysis)
By the way, in Rel. 18 and later, it is being considered to introduce a case where a multi-TRP is set and a unified TCI state is applied. Up to Rel. 17, the application of the unified TCI state to a multi-TRP is not supported.

Therefore, Rel. 17 defines UE behavior after BFR on a per-TRP (or multi-TRP) basis for the TCI states/spatial relationships of Rel. 15/16. Rel. 17 also defines UE behavior after BFR on a per-cell basis for the unified TCI state.

On the other hand, it is expected that in Rel. 18 and later, UE operation after BFR on a TRP basis (or multi-TRP) for a unified TCI state will be supported. However, there is a problem in how to control UE operation in such a case (for example, TCI state/transmission power applied to UL transmission for each TRP after BFR, etc.). If UE operation after BFR cannot be performed appropriately, there is a risk of degradation of communication quality, etc.

The inventors therefore focused on BFR operation in cases where multi-TRP is set and a unified TCI state is applied, and studied methods for appropriately performing the BFR operation, leading to the concept of this embodiment.

Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

In this disclosure, "A/B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as interchangeable. Also, in this disclosure, "A/B/C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

In this disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate, select, configure, update, and determine may be read as interchangeable terms. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, capable of control, operate, and capable of operating may be read as interchangeable terms.

In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC Control Element (CE)), update commands, activation/deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocols (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa)/LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination of these.

In the present disclosure, the MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. The broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

In the present disclosure, the physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), etc.

In this disclosure, the terms index, identifier (ID), indicator, resource ID, etc. may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, the terms sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc. may be interchangeable.

In this disclosure, the terms panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmitting entity, Transmission/Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relation, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CONTROLLER RESOLUTION SET (CORESET)), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), Antenna Port (e.g., DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS)) port), Antenna Port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), resource (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), resource set (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interpreted as interchangeable. "Spatial relationship information" may be interpreted as "set of spatial relationship information", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. TCI state and TCI may be interpreted as interchangeable.

In addition, the panel identifier (ID) and the panel may be read as interchangeable. In other words, the TRP ID and the TRP, the CORESET group ID and the CORESET group, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

In this disclosure, the terms TRP, transmission point, panel, DMRS port group, CORESET pool, and one of two TCI states associated with one code point in the TCI field may be interpreted as interchangeable.

In this disclosure, the transmission/reception of a channel/signal using a single TRP may be interpreted as the TCI states (joint/separate/indicative TCI states) being equal in the transmission/reception of that channel/signal (e.g., NCJT/CJT/repeat), or the number of TCI states (joint/separate/indicative TCI states) being one in the transmission/reception of that channel/signal (e.g., NCJT/CJT/repeat).

Transmission/reception of a channel/signal using a single TRP may be interpreted as the TCI states (joint/separate/indicated TCI states) being different in the transmission/reception of that channel/signal (e.g., NCJT/CJT/repeat), or the number of different TCI states (joint/separate/indicated TCI states) being multiple (e.g., two) in the transmission/reception of that channel/signal (e.g., NCJT/CJT/repeat).

In this disclosure, single TRP, single TRP system, single TRP transmission, and single PDSCH may be read as interchangeable. In this disclosure, multi-TRP, multi-TRP system, multi-TRP transmission, and multi-PDSCH may be read as interchangeable.

In the present disclosure, a single DCI, a single PDCCH, multiple TRP based on a single DCI, activating two TCI states on at least one TCI code point, mapping at least one code point of a TCI field to two TCI states, and setting a specific index (e.g., a TRP index, a CORESET pool index, or an index corresponding to a TRP) for a specific channel/CORESET may be interpreted as interchangeable.

In this disclosure, a single TRP, a channel/signal using a single TRP, a channel using one TCI state/spatial relationship, multi-TRP not being enabled by RRC/DCI, multiple TCI states/spatial relationships not being enabled by RRC/DCI, a CORESETPoolIndex value of 1 not being set for any CORESET, and no code point in the TCI field being mapped to two TCI states may be read as interchangeable.

In the present disclosure, multi-TRP, channel/signal using multi-TRP, channel using multiple TCI states/spatial relationships, multi-TRP enabled by RRC/DCI, multiple TCI states/spatial relationships enabled by RRC/DCI, and at least one of multi-TRP based on a single DCI and multi-TRP based on multiple DCI may be read as interchangeable.

In the present disclosure, the terms "multi-TRP based on multi-DCI, setting one CORESET pool index (CORESETPoolIndex) value for a CORESET, and "multiple specific indexes (e.g., TRP indexes, CORESET pool indexes, or indexes corresponding to TRPs)" for a specific channel/CORESET may be interpreted as interchangeable.

In the present disclosure, TRP#1 (first TRP) may correspond to CORESET pool index = 0 or may correspond to the first of two TCI states corresponding to one code point in the TCI field. TRP#2 (second TRP) TRP#1 (first TRP) may correspond to CORESET pool index = 1 or may correspond to the second of two TCI states corresponding to one code point in the TCI field.

In this disclosure, single DCI (sDCI), single PDCCH, multi-TRP system based on single DCI, sDCI-based MTRP, and activation of two TCI states on at least one TCI codepoint may be read as interchangeable.

In the present disclosure, multi-DCI (mDCI), multi-PDCCH, multi-TRP system based on multi-DCI, mDCI-based MTRP, two CORESET pool indices, or CORESET pool index=1 (or a value greater than or equal to 1) being set, may be read as interchangeable.

In the present disclosure, beam instruction DCI, beam instruction MAC CE, and beam instruction DCI/MAC CE may be interpreted as interchangeable. In other words, an instruction regarding the instruction TCI state to the UE may be given using at least one of the DCI and the MAC CE.

In the present disclosure, channel, signal, and channel/signal may be read as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, DL channel, DL signal, DL signal/channel, transmission/reception of DL signal/channel, DL reception, and DL transmission may be read as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, UL channel, UL signal, UL signal/channel, transmission/reception of UL signal/channel, UL reception, and UL transmission may be read as interchangeable.

In this disclosure, applying TCI state/QCL assumptions to each channel/signal/resource may mean applying TCI state/QCL assumptions to transmission and reception of each channel/signal/resource.

In the present disclosure, the first TRP may correspond to the first TCI state (the first TCI state indicated). In the present disclosure, the second TRP may correspond to the second TCI state (the second TCI state indicated). In the present disclosure, the nth TRP may correspond to the nth TCI state (the nth TCI state indicated).

In the present disclosure, the first CORESET pool index value (e.g., 0), the first TRP index value (e.g., 1), and the first TCI state (first DL/UL (joint/separate) TCI state) may correspond to each other. In the present disclosure, the second CORESET pool index value (e.g., 1), the second TRP index value (e.g., 2), and the second TCI state (second DL/UL (joint/separate) TCI state) may correspond to each other.

Note that in each embodiment of the present disclosure below, the application of multiple TCI states in transmission and reception using multiple TRPs will be mainly described in terms of a method targeting two TRPs (i.e., when at least one of N and M is 2), but the number of TRPs may be three or more (multiple), and each embodiment may be applied to correspond to the number of TRPs. In other words, at least one of N and M may be a number greater than 2.

(Wireless communication method)
When multi-TRP and unified TCI state are configured/applied, after BFR of TRP unit (or multi-TRP), update of TCI state (indicated TCI state) to unified TCI state may be supported. For example, for single-DCI-based multi-TRP/multi-DCI-based multi-TRP, when unified TCI state is applied, TCI state applied after BFR may be determined as follows:

<Single DCI-based multi-TRP>
When a unified TCI state is configured/applied for a single DCI-based multi-TRP, after the network responds to a TRP-specific BFR request for a BFD-RS set (e.g., q0,0/q0,1), the TCI state may be updated according to a new beam (e.g., qnew) corresponding to the BFD-RS set.

If the BFD-RS set is a first BFD-RS set (e.g., q0,0), the QCL assumption/spatial transmit filter/PL-RS corresponding to the first indicated joint DL/UL TCI state for the channel/signal to which the first indicated joint DL/UL TCI state applies may be updated according to a new beam (e.g., qnew) corresponding to the BFD-RS set (e.g., q0,0).

If the BFD-RS set is a second BFD-RS set (e.g., q0,1), the QCL assumption/spatial transmit filter/PL-RS corresponding to the second indicated joint DL/UL TCI state for the channel/signal to which the second indicated joint DL/UL TCI state applies may be updated according to a new beam (e.g., qnew) corresponding to the BFD-RS set (e.g., q0,1).

For example, for serving cells associated with sets (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and sets (e.g., _q0,1 and q1,1), if a unified TCI-state/unified TCI-state list is provided and a first TCI-state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) and a second TCI-state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) are indicated for cells with a radio link quality worse than a predetermined value (e.g., Q OUT,LR ), the UE may apply the following UE actions after a predetermined period of time:

The provision of the unified TCI state/unified TCI state list may be performed by a predetermined higher layer parameter (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList/TCI-UL-State). The predetermined period of time may be a predetermined symbol period (e.g., 28 symbols) after the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception that schedules a PUSCH transmission with the same HARQ process number as the HARQ process number for the predetermined PUSCH transmission and has a DCI format with a toggled NDI field value.

UE Operation
- The UE may monitor a PDCCH that applies a first TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State) using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,0, and receive a PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS resources that apply the first TCI state.
- The UE may monitor a PDCCH that applies a second TCI state (e.g., a second TCI-State) using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,1, and receive a PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS resources that apply the second TCI state.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the first TCI-state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,0 and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,0 to obtain the corresponding downlink pathloss estimate.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying a second TCI-state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,1 and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,1 to obtain a corresponding downlink pathloss estimate.

<In the case of multi-DCI-based multi-TRP>
When a unified TCI state is configured/applied for a multi-DCI based multi-TRP, after the network responds to a TRP-specific BFR request for a BFD-RS set associated with a CORESET pool index value, the QCL assumption/spatial transmit filter/PL-RS for channels/signals that apply the unified TCI state specific to that CORESET pool index value may be updated according to a new beam (e.g., qnew) corresponding to the BFD-RS set.

For example, if two CORESET pool index values 0 and 1 are provided for the first CORESET and the second CORESET (or no CORESET pool index value is provided for the first CORESET and a CORESET pool index value 1 is provided for the second CORESET) for a serving cell associated with a set (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and a set (e.g., q0,1 and q1,1), and a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided, the UE may apply the following UE actions after a predetermined period of time:

The provision of the unified TCI state/unified TCI state list may be performed by a predetermined higher layer parameter (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList/TCI-UL-State). The predetermined period of time may be a predetermined symbol period (e.g., 28 symbols) after the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception that schedules a PUSCH transmission with the same HARQ process number as the HARQ process number for the predetermined PUSCH transmission and has a DCI format with a toggled NDI field value.

UE Operation
The UE may use the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,0 to monitor the PDCCH of the first CORESET, receive the PDSCH scheduled/activated by the PDCCH of the first CORESET, and receive aperiodic CSI-RS applying the TCI state specific to the first CORESET.
The UE may monitor the PDCCH of the second CORESET using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,1, and receive the PDSCH scheduled/activated by the PDCCH of the second CORESET and receive aperiodic CSI-RS applying the TCI state specific to the second CORESET.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the first CORESET using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,0, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,0 to obtain the corresponding downlink pathloss estimate.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the second CORESET specific TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) utilizing the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,1, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,1 to obtain the corresponding downlink pathloss estimate.

First Embodiment
The first embodiment relates to an example of transmission power control (e.g., TPC parameters to be applied) for UL transmission after BFR on a TRP basis (or on a multi-TRP basis) in a case where a multi-TRP and unified TCI state is configured/applied.

In the following description, the transmission power control for UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS) may use the above-mentioned (Equation 1) to (Equation 3), or other equations.

The UE may apply the same TPC parameters for multiple TRPs (e.g., the first TRP and the second TRP) after a TRP-wise (or multi-TRP) BFR when a unified TCI state is provided and multi-TRP is applied. The case where multi-TRP is applied may be when a first unified TCI state and a second unified TCI state are indicated (e.g., single DCI-based multi-TRP) and when a first CORESET and a second CORESET with different CORESET pool index values are configured (e.g., multi-DCI-based multi-TRP).

For example, if the same TPC parameters are applied to multiple TRPs, the TPC parameters for a cell (e.g., a cell to which multiple TRPs correspond/a cell to which multiple TRPs are configured) may be specified. The UE may determine the transmission power of UL transmission for each TRP based on the TCP parameters corresponding to the cell.

For example, the following TPC parameters may be applied to the PCell (or PSCell) and SCell after BFR:

[PCell/PSCell]
The UE may apply the following parameters in determining the UL transmission power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS in the PCell/PSCell after BFR (for example, the above (Equations 1) to (Equations 3)).

The values of P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j), α _b,f,c (j), and index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for PUSCH associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the PCell/PSCell. The values of P _{O_PUCCH,b,f,c (q u ), and index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for PUCCH associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the PCell/PSCell. The values of P O_SRS,b,f,c (} q s ), α _SRS,b,f,c (q _s ), and index l of the SRS power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for SRS associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for _{the PCell/PSCell .}

A specific ID among the UL power control IDs (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) may be set by higher layer signaling or may be defined in a specification. For example, a specific ID among the UL power control IDs may be an ID with a smallest value. The UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) may be set by a higher layer parameter.

In the present disclosure, the predetermined upper layer parameter for PUSCH may be a parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) included in the upper layer parameter related to UL transmission power (e.g., Uplink-PowerControl). The predetermined upper layer parameter for PUCCH may be a parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH) included in the upper layer parameter related to UL transmission power (e.g., Uplink-PowerControl). The predetermined upper layer parameter for SRS may be a parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforSRS) included in the upper layer parameter related to UL transmission power (e.g., Uplink-PowerControl). These parameters may be set in the case where a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided.

For example, the higher layer parameters related to UL transmission power (eg, Uplink-PowerControl) may include the following parameters: R17 may be replaced with another value.
Uplink-powerControl-r17
ul-powercontrolId-r17 Uplink-powerControlId-r17,
p0AlphaSetforPUSCH-r17 P0AlphaSet-r17
p0AlphaSetforPUCCH-r17 P0AlphaSet-r17
p0AlphaSetforSRS-r17 P0AlphaSet-r17
P0AlphaSet-r17
p0-r17 INTEGER(-16..15)
alpha-r17 Alpha
closedLoopIndex-r17 ENUMERATED{i0,i1}
Uplink-powerControlId-r17::=INTEGER(1..maxUL-TCI-r17)

[SCell]
The UE may apply the following parameters when determining the UL transmission power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS in the SCell after BFR (for example, the above (Equations 1) to (Equations 3)).

The values of P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j), α _b,f,c (j), and index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for PUSCH associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the SCell. The value of P _{O_PUCCH,b,f,c (q u ), and index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for PUCCH associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the SCell. The values of P O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ), α SRS _{,b,f, c} (q _s ), and index l of the SRS power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for SRS associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the _SCell .

The specific ID among the UL power control IDs (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) may be defined in the specification or may be set by higher layer signaling. For example, the specific ID among the UL power control IDs may be the ID with the smallest value.

[Cell]
In the above description, the TPC parameters to be applied after BFR are separately defined for the PCell/PSCell and the SCell, but this is not limited thereto. The PCell/PSCell and the SCell may be defined without distinguishing between them. For example, the UE may apply the following parameters in determining the UL transmission power (for example, the above (Equation 1) to (Equation 3)) of the PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS in the cell after BFR.

The values of P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j), α _b,f,c (j), and index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for PUSCH associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the Cell. The value of P _{O_PUCCH,b,f,c (q u ), and index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for PUCCH associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the Cell. The values of P O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ), α SRS _{,b,f, c} (q _s ), and index l of the SRS power control adjustment state provided by predetermined higher layer parameters for SRS associated with a specific ID among the UL power control IDs for the Cell _.

The specific ID among the UL power control IDs (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) may be defined in the specification or may be set by higher layer signaling. For example, the specific ID among the UL power control IDs may be the ID with the smallest value.

In cases where both unified TCI state and multi-TRP are supported, the TCI state/TPC parameters to be applied after BFR may be determined for single DCI-based multi-TRP/multiple DCI-based multi-TRP, respectively.

[Single DCI-based multi-TRP case]
If a set (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and a set (e.g., q0,1 and q1,1) are associated and a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided for a cell whose radio link quality is worse than a predetermined value (e.g., Q _OUT,LR ), and a first TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) and a second TCI state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) are indicated, the UE may apply the following UE actions (e.g., monitor/receive/transmit/power control) after a predetermined period of time.

Figure 4 shows an example of a single DCI-based multi-TRP. Here, the case where DCI is transmitted from TRP#1 is shown, but DCI may be transmitted from TRP#2. Also, the case where the same TPC parameters are applied to UL transmission #1 and UL transmission #2 after BFR is shown.

The provision of the unified TCI state/unified TCI state list may be performed by a predetermined higher layer parameter (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList/TCI-UL-State). The predetermined period of time may be a predetermined symbol period (e.g., 28 symbols) after the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception that schedules a PUSCH transmission with the same HARQ process number as the HARQ process number for the predetermined PUSCH transmission and has a DCI format with a toggled NDI field value.

UE Operation
- The UE may monitor a PDCCH that applies a first TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State) using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,0, and receive a PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS resources that apply the first TCI state.
- The UE may monitor a PDCCH that applies a second TCI state (e.g., a second TCI-State) using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,1, and receive a PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS resources that apply the second TCI state.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the first TCI-State (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,0 and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,0 to obtain the corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS in a second TCI-State (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,1 and use RS index qd=qnew from q1,1 to obtain a corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:

P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j), α b,f,c (j), and the value of index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUSCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. P O_PUCCH, b,f,c} (q u ), and the value of index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUCCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. P _{O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ), α provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for SRS (e.g., p0AlphaSetforSRS) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g. _{, ul -} powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. _SRS,b,f,c (q _s ), the value of the index l of the SRS power control adjustment state

[Multi-DCI-based multi-TRP case]
For serving cells associated with sets (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and sets (e.g., q0,1 and q1,1), if two CORESET pool index values 0 and 1 are provided for the first CORESET and the second CORESET (or no CORESET pool index value is provided for the first CORESET and a CORESET pool index value 1 is provided for the second CORESET) and a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided, the UE may apply the following UE actions after a predetermined period of time.

Figure 5 shows an example of multi-TRP based on multi-DCI. Here, it shows the case where DCI#1 (CORESET#1) is transmitted from TRP#1 and DCI#2 (CORESET#2) is transmitted from TRP#2. It also shows the case where the same TPC parameters are applied to UL transmission #1 and UL transmission #2 after BFR.

The provision of the unified TCI state/unified TCI state list may be performed by a predetermined higher layer parameter (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList/TCI-UL-State). The predetermined period of time may be a predetermined symbol period (e.g., 28 symbols) after the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception that schedules a PUSCH transmission with the same HARQ process number as the HARQ process number for the predetermined PUSCH transmission and has a DCI format with a toggled NDI field value.

UE Operation
The UE may use the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,0 to monitor the PDCCH of the first CORESET, receive the PDSCH scheduled/activated by the PDCCH of the first CORESET, and receive aperiodic CSI-RS applying the TCI state specific to the first CORESET.
The UE may monitor the PDCCH of the second CORESET using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,1, and receive the PDSCH scheduled/activated by the PDCCH of the second CORESET and receive aperiodic CSI-RS applying the TCI state specific to the second CORESET.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the first CORESET using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,0, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,0 to obtain the corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying a TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the second CORESET using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,1, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,1 to obtain a corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:

P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j), α b,f,c (j), and the value of index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUSCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. P O_PUCCH, b,f,c} (q u ), and the value of index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUCCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. P _{O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ), α provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for SRS (e.g., p0AlphaSetforSRS) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g. _{, ul -} powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. _SRS,b,f,c (q _s ), the value of the index l of the SRS power control adjustment state

Note that in the above description, the corresponding cells may include PCell, PSCell, and SCell. Alternatively, UE operation may be specified separately for each PCell, PSCell, and SCell.

In this way, in cases where multi-TRP and unified TCI states are configured/applied, UE operation can be simplified by applying common UL transmission power control parameters to multiple TRPs after TRP-based (or multi-TRP) BFR.

Second Embodiment
The second embodiment relates to another example of transmission power control (e.g., TPC parameters to be applied) for UL transmission after a TRP-based (or multi-TRP) BFR in cases where a multi-TRP and unified TCI state is configured/applied.

In the following description, the transmission power control for UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS) may use the above-mentioned (Equation 1) to (Equation 3), or other equations.

When a unified TCI state is provided and multi-TRP is applied, the UE may apply TPC parameters separately (or application of different TPC parameters may be supported) for multiple TRPs (e.g., a first TRP and a second TRP) after a TRP-based (or multi-TRP) BFR. The case where multi-TRP is applied may be when a first unified TCI state and a second unified TCI state are indicated (e.g., single DCI-based multi-TRP) and when a first CORESET and a second CORESET with different CORESET pool index values are configured (e.g., multi-DCI-based multi-TRP).

For example, when TPC parameters are applied separately to multiple TRPs (or application of different TPC parameters is supported), TPC parameters may be specified for each UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS) corresponding to each TRP. The UE may determine the transmission power of the UL transmission for each TRP based on the TCP parameters corresponding to each TRP.

When multiple unified TCI states (e.g., a first unified TCI state and a second unified TCI state) are indicated, TPC parameters may be specified separately for each unified TCI state. For example, after BFR, TPC parameters to be applied to UL transmissions (e.g., PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS) to which the first unified TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) is applied and UL transmissions to which the second TCI state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) is applied may be specified separately. As an example, TPC parameters to be applied to UL transmissions to which the first TCI state is applied may be determined based on the first ID/value (e.g., minimum value) of the UL power control IDs (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) to be set. The TPC parameters to be applied to the UL transmission to which the second TCI state is applied may be determined based on the second ID/value (e.g., the second smallest value) of the UL power control IDs (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) that are set.

When multiple CORESETs (e.g., a first CORESET and a second CORESET) corresponding to different CORESET pool indexes are configured, TPC parameters may be specified separately for each CORESET (or each CORESET pool index). For example, after BFR, TPC parameters to be applied to UL transmissions (e.g., PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS) that apply the TCI state corresponding to the first CORESET (or CORESET pool index) and UL transmissions that apply the TCI state corresponding to the second CORESET (or CORESET pool index) may be specified separately. As an example, TPC parameters to be applied to UL transmissions that apply the TCI state specific to the first CORESET may be determined based on the first ID/value (e.g., the minimum value) of the UL power control IDs (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) that are configured. Based on the second ID/value (e.g., the second smallest value) of the UL power control IDs (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) that are set, the TPC parameters to be applied to the UL transmission that applies the TCI state specific to the second CORESET may be determined.

In cases where both unified TCI state and multi-TRP are supported, the TCI state/TPC parameters to be applied after BFR may be determined for single DCI-based multi-TRP/multiple DCI-based multi-TRP, respectively.

In the above description, the minimum value of the UL power control ID is used as the first ID/value, and the second smallest value of the UL power control ID is used as the second ID/value, but this is not limited to the above. For example, the minimum value (or maximum value) of the UL power control ID may be used as the first ID/value, and the maximum value (or minimum value) of the UL power control ID may be used as the second ID/value. Alternatively, the UL power control IDs used for the first ID/value and the second ID/value may be defined in the specifications, or may be set by upper layer parameters. In the following description, as an example, a case will be described in which the minimum value of the UL power control ID is used as the first ID/value, and the second smallest value of the UL power control ID is used as the second ID/value.

[Single DCI-based multi-TRP case]
If a set (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and a set (e.g., q0,1 and q1,1) are associated and a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided for a cell whose radio link quality is worse than a predetermined value (e.g., Q _OUT,LR ), and a first TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) and a second TCI state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) are indicated, the UE may apply the following UE actions (e.g., monitor/receive/transmit/power control) after a predetermined period of time.

Figure 6 shows an example of a single DCI-based multi-TRP. Here, the case where DCI is transmitted from TRP#1 is shown, but DCI may be transmitted from TRP#2. Also, the case where separate TPC parameters are applied to UL transmission #1 and UL transmission #2 after BFR is shown.

The provision of the unified TCI state/unified TCI state list may be performed by a predetermined higher layer parameter (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList/TCI-UL-State). The predetermined period of time may be a predetermined symbol period (e.g., 28 symbols) after the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception that schedules a PUSCH transmission with the same HARQ process number as the HARQ process number for the predetermined PUSCH transmission and has a DCI format with a toggled NDI field value.

UE Operation
- The UE may monitor a PDCCH that applies a first TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State) using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,0, and receive a PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS resources that apply the first TCI state.
- The UE may monitor a PDCCH that applies a second TCI state (e.g., a second TCI-State) using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,1, and receive a PDSCH and aperiodic CSI-RS resources that apply the second TCI state.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the first TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,0, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,0 to obtain a corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the first TCI state (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying a second TCI state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,1, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,1 to obtain a corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS applying the second TCI state (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:

For a PUSCH to which a first unified TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) is applied, P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j), α b,f,c (j), and the value of the index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state are provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUSCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) associated with the smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., _ul- powercontrolId) for the cell. For a PUSCH to which a second unified TCI state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) is applied, P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j), α b,f,c (j), and the value of the index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state are provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUSCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) associated with the second smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for _{the cell .} (j), P O _ P U CCH,b,f,c (q u ) provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter for PUCCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH) associated with the smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the cell for the PUCCH to which the value of the index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state and the first unified TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) is applied, P _{O _ P U CCH,b,f,c} (q _u ) provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter for PUCCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH) associated with the second smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the cell for the PUCCH to which the value of the index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state and the second unified TCI state (e.g., second TCI-State/TCI-UL-State ₎ is applied _, ), the value of index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state; for the SRS applying the first unified TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State), P O_SRS,b,f,c (q s ), α SRS,b,f,c (q _{s )} , the value of index l of the SRS power control adjustment state; for the SRS applying the second unified TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State), P _{O_SRS,b,f ,c} (q _s ), α SRS,b,f,c (q s ), the value of index l of the SRS power control adjustment state; for the SRS applying the second unified TCI state (e.g., first TCI-State/TCI-UL-State), P _{O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ), α _SRS,b,f,c (q _s ), the value of the index l of the SRS power control adjustment state

[Multi-DCI-based multi-TRP case]
For serving cells associated with sets (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and sets (e.g., q0,1 and q1,1), if two CORESET pool index values 0 and 1 are provided for the first CORESET and the second CORESET (or no CORESET pool index value is provided for the first CORESET and a CORESET pool index value 1 is provided for the second CORESET) and a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided, the UE may apply the following UE actions after a predetermined period of time.

Figure 7 shows an example of multi-TRP based on multi-DCI. Here, it shows the case where DCI#1 (CORESET#1) is transmitted from TRP#1 and DCI#2 (CORESET#2) is transmitted from TRP#2. It also shows the case where different TPC parameters are applied to UL transmission#1 and UL transmission#2 after BFR.

The provision of the unified TCI state/unified TCI state list may be performed by a predetermined higher layer parameter (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList/TCI-UL-State). The predetermined period of time may be a predetermined symbol period (e.g., 28 symbols) after the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception that schedules a PUSCH transmission with the same HARQ process number as the HARQ process number for the predetermined PUSCH transmission and has a DCI format with a toggled NDI field value.

UE Operation
The UE may use the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,0 to monitor the PDCCH of the first CORESET, receive the PDSCH scheduled/activated by the PDCCH of the first CORESET, and receive aperiodic CSI-RS applying the TCI state specific to the first CORESET.
The UE may monitor the PDCCH of the second CORESET using the same antenna port quasi-colocation parameters associated with the corresponding index qnew from q1,1, and receive the PDSCH scheduled/activated by the PDCCH of the second CORESET and receive aperiodic CSI-RS applying the TCI state specific to the second CORESET.
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS that apply the first CORESET-specific TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,0, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,0 to obtain the corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS that apply the first CORESET-specific TCI state (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:
The UE may transmit PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS that apply the second CORESET-specific TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) using the same spatial domain filter as that corresponding to qnew from q1,1, and may use RS index qd=qnew from q1,1 to obtain a corresponding downlink pathloss estimate. In determining the UL transmit power of PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS that apply the second CORESET-specific TCI state (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above), the following parameters may be applied:

For a PUSCH to which a unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the first CORESET is applied, P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,} c (j), α b,f,c (j), and the value of the index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state are provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) for the PUSCH associated with the smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the cell. For a PUSCH to which _a unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the second CORESET is applied, P O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c (j), α b,f _{,c (j), and the value of the index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state are provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) for the PUSCH associated with the second smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul} -powercontrolId) for the cell. _b,f,c (j), the value of the index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state; for the PUCCH to which the unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the first CORESET is applied, P _{O_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ), the value of the index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state provided by the predetermined higher layer parameter for the PUCCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH) associated with the smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the cell; and for the PUCCH to which the unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the second CORESET is applied, P _{O_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ), the value of the index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state; for an SRS applying a unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL-State) specific to the first _CORESET, P provided by a predefined higher layer parameter for SRS (e.g., p0AlphaSetforSRS) associated with the smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId ₎ for the corresponding cell; and for an _SRS applying a unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-State/TCI-UL- _State ) specific to the second CORESET, P provided by a predefined higher layer parameter for SRS (e.g., p0AlphaSetforSRS) associated with the second smallest value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. _{O_SRS,b,f,c} ( _qs ), _αSRS,b,f,c ( _qs ), the value of index l of the SRS power control adjustment state

Note that in the above description, the cells may include PCell, PSCell, and SCell. Alternatively, UE operation may be specified separately for each PCell, PSCell, and SCell.

In this way, in cases where multi-TRP and unified TCI states are set/applied, after BFR on a TRP basis (or on a multi-TRP basis), UL transmission power can be controlled separately for each TRP by separately specifying UL transmission power control parameters for multiple TRPs (or supporting the application of different UL transmission power control commands). This allows flexibly setting UL transmission power appropriate for each TRP depending on the communication conditions for each TRP.

Third Embodiment
The third embodiment relates to an example of UE operation after BFR when the unified TCI state is not set and TRP-based (or multi-TRP) BFR is applied.

If no unified TCI state/unified TCI state list (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList)/higher layer parameter indicating the unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-UL-State) is provided and there is at least one serving cell associated with a set (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and a set (e.g., q0,1 and q1,1), the UE may provide in a PUSCH MAC CE (e.g., a second PUSCH MAC CE) the index of the cell having q0,0/q0,1 with a radio link quality worse than a predetermined value (e.g., Q _OUT,LR ), the index of the q0,0/q0,1, an indication of the presence of a new beam (qnew), and the index of the new beam (qnew) from q1,0/q1,1.

For serving cells with which a set (e.g., q0,0 and q1,0) and a set (e.g., q0,1 and q1,1) are associated and whose radio link quality becomes worse than a predetermined value (e.g., Q _OUT,LR ), the UE may assume predetermined antenna port quasi-collocation parameters after a predetermined period of time.

The specified period of time may be a specified symbol period (e.g., 28 symbols) after the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception that schedules a PUSCH transmission having the same HARQ process number as the HARQ process number for the specified PUSCH transmission and has a DCI format with a toggled NDI field value.

For example, the UE may assume antenna port quasi-colocation parameters corresponding to qnew from q1,0 for a first CORESET after a predetermined period of time. The UE may assume antenna port quasi-colocation parameters corresponding to qnew from q1,1 for a second CORESET after a predetermined period of time.

The specifications may separately specify UE operation after BFR when a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list (e.g., dl-OrJointTCI-StateList)/upper layer parameter indicating a unified TCI state (e.g., TCI-UL-State) is not provided, and UE operation after BFR when a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list/upper layer parameter indicating a unified TCI state is provided.

Fourth Embodiment
The fourth embodiment relates to an example of UL transmission power control after BFR on a cell/TRP basis when a unified TCI state is set/applied.

[analysis]
In the current specifications (e.g., Rel. 17), it is defined that P O_PUCCH,b,f,c (q _u )/P O_SRS _{,b,f ,c} (q _{s )} is provided by higher layer parameters (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH/p0AlphaSetforSRS) that are set in the case where a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided in the UL transmission power of PUCCH/SRS after BFR.

For SRS transmission, the range of P _O values in the SRS resource set is, for example, {-202...24}, and the range of P _O values in p0AlphaSetforSRS is, for example, {-16...15}. It is also considered that P _{O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) is defined as the sum of these two P _O values. Specifically, P _{O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) is the sum of the component P _{O_UE_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) and the component p0 provided by the SRS resource set.

For the PUCCH, similarly to the SRS, P _{O — PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _s ) is the sum of the component P O _{— UE_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _s ) and the component P _{O — NOMINAL,PUCCH} .

In the current specification, it is defined that P _{O_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) is directly determined by p0AlphaSetforSRS, and P _{O_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ) is directly determined by p0AlphaSetforPUCCH. Note that, for PUSCH, it is defined that P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j) is provided by p0AlphaSetforPUSCH, and P _{O_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j) is determined based on P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j).

In such a case, a mismatch in the parameter ranges of PUCCH P0 and SRS P0 may occur, and the UL transmission power after BFR may not be determined appropriately.

Therefore, in UL transmission after BFR (e.g., PUCCH), _{P_UE_PUCCH,b,f,c} (qs) provided by p0AlphaSetforPUCCH may be applied as a parameter used to determine the transmission power of the PUCCH. Also, in UL transmission after BFR (e.g., SRS), _{P_UE_SRS,b,f,c ( qs} ) provided by p0AlphaSetforSRS may be applied as a parameter used to determine the transmission power of the SRS.

When a unified TCI state/unified TCI state list is provided for a cell whose radio link quality is worse than a predetermined value (e.g., Q _OUT,LR ), the UE may apply the following parameters in determining the transmit power (e.g., Equations 1 to 3 above) for UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS) after BFR (e.g., after a predetermined period):

P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j), α b,f,c (j), and the value of the index l of the PUSCH power control adjustment state provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUSCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUSCH) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. P _{O_UE_PUCCH,b,f,c (} q _u ), and the value of the index l of the PUCCH power control adjustment state provided by a predetermined higher layer parameter for PUCCH (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH) associated with the minimum value of the UL power control ID (e.g., ul-powercontrolId) for the corresponding cell. P _{O_UE_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ), α _SRS,b,f,c (q _s ), the value of the index l of the SRS power control adjustment state

In determining the UL transmission power after BFR in the first embodiment/second embodiment, P _{O_UE_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ) provided by p0AlphaSetforPUCCH and P _{O_UE_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) provided by p0AlphaSetforSRS may also be applied.

For example, in the UE operation after BFR in the first embodiment/second embodiment, "P _{O_PUCCH, b, f, c} (q _u ) provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH)" may be read as "P _{O_UE_PUCCH, b, f, c} (q _u ) provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforPUCCH)." Also, in the UE operation after BFR in the first embodiment/second embodiment, "P _{O_SRS, b, f, c} (q _s ) provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforSRS)" may be read as "P _{O_UE_SRS, b, f, c} (q _s ) provided by a predetermined upper layer parameter (e.g., p0AlphaSetforSRS)."

For example, for PUSCH, the UE may obtain P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j) based on P _{O_UE_PUSCH,b,f,c} (j) provided by p0AlphaSetforPUSCH (e.g., by the sum of P O_UE_PUSCH, _{b,f,c (j) and other power offsets (e.g., P O_NOMINAL_PUSCH, f,c} (j))) and determine the transmission power of the PUSCH using the above (Equation 1).

For PUCCH, the UE may obtain P _{O_UE_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ) based on P _{O_UE_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ) provided by p0AlphaSetforPUCCH (e.g., by the sum of P _{O_UE_PUCCH,b,f,c} (q _u ) and other power offsets (e.g., P _{O_NOMINAL,PUCCH} )) and determine the transmission power of the PUSCH using the above (Equation 2).

For SRS, the UE may obtain P _{O_UE_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) based on P _{O_UE_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) provided by p0AlphaSetforSRS (e.g., by the sum of P _{O_UE_SRS,b,f,c} (q _s ) and other power offsets (e.g., component p0 provided by the SRS resource set)) and determine the transmission power of the SRS using the above (Equation 3).

<Additional Information>
[Notification of information to UE]
In the above-described embodiment, any information may be notified to the UE (from a network (NW) (e.g., a base station (BS))) (in other words, any information is received from the BS by the UE) using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal/channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

When the above notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including in the MAC subheader a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) that is not specified in existing standards.

When the notification is made by a DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above-mentioned embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[Information notification from UE]
In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) (in other words, transmission/report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal/channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

If the notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID in the MAC subheader that is not specified in existing standards.

If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiments, notification of any information from the UE may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[Application of each embodiment]
At least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied when a specific condition is met, which may be specified in a standard or may be notified to a UE/BS using higher layer signaling/physical layer signaling.

At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied only to UEs that have reported or support a particular UE capability.

The specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following:
Supporting specific processing/operations/control/information for at least one of the above embodiments (e.g., setting uniform TCI state and BFR per TRP);
Supporting uniform TCI state configuration;
Support BFR per TRP;
Supporting per-TRP BFR in single DCI based multi-TRP;
- Support per-TRP BFR in multi-DCI based multi-TRP.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may be capabilities that are applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), capabilities per frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), capabilities per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), capabilities per subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or capabilities per Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

The above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may be capabilities that are applied across all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be capabilities for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

Furthermore, at least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied when the UE configures/activates/triggers specific information related to the above-mentioned embodiments (or performs the operations of the above-mentioned embodiments) by higher layer signaling/physical layer signaling. For example, the specific information may be information indicating the configuration of a unified TCI state and enabling BFR per TRP, any RRC parameters for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 18/19), etc.

If the UE does not support at least one of the above specific UE capabilities or the above specific information is not configured, the UE may, for example, apply Rel. 15/16 operations.

(Additional Note)
With respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the following invention is noted.
[Appendix 1-1]
A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives information regarding the setting of a unified TCI state, information regarding a first TCI state and a second TCI state corresponding to the unified TCI state, and upper layer parameters related to UL power control; and a control unit that, when a beam failure is detected, determines at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to the first TCI state and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to the second TCI state after a recovery procedure for the beam failure, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on transmit power control (TPC) parameters provided by the upper layer parameters related to the UL power control.
[Appendix 1-2]
The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1-1, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the same TPC parameters provided by higher layer parameters related to the UL power control.
[Appendix 1-3]
The terminal according to claim 1-1 or 1-2, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission separately based on a plurality of TPC parameters provided by a higher layer parameter related to the UL power control.
[Appendix 1-4]
The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Note 1-1 to Supplementary Note 1-3, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on a sum of a power offset provided by a higher layer parameter related to the UL power control and another power offset.

[Appendix 2-1]
A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives information regarding a setting of a unified TCI state, information regarding a first control resource set and a second control resource set that respectively correspond to different control resource set pool indexes, and upper layer parameters related to UL power control; and a control unit that, when a beam failure is detected, determines at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the first control resource set and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the second control resource set after a recovery procedure for the beam failure, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on transmit power control (TPC) parameters provided by the upper layer parameters related to the UL power control.
[Appendix 2-2]
The terminal according to Supplementary Note 2-1, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the same TPC parameters provided by higher layer parameters related to the UL power control.
[Appendix 2-3]
The terminal according to Supplementary Note 2-1 or Supplementary Note 2-2, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission separately based on a plurality of TPC parameters provided by a higher layer parameter related to the UL power control.
[Appendix 2-4]
The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Note 2-1 to Supplementary Note 2-3, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on a sum of a power offset provided by a higher layer parameter related to the UL power control and another power offset.

(Wireless communication system)
A configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination of these methods.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may simply be referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like.

The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are arranged within the macrocell C1 and form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The arrangement and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

In addition, the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.

The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which corresponds to the upper station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which corresponds to a relay station, may be called an IAB node.

The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via another base station 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as, for example, a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Note that multiple functions may be provided by one network node. In addition, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may be performed via the DN.

The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

In the wireless communication system 1, a wireless access method based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) may be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc. may be used.

The radio access method may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL radio access methods.

In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc. may be used as an uplink channel.

User data, upper layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. are transmitted via PDSCH. User data, upper layer control information, etc. may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Block (MIB) may also be transmitted via PBCH.

Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be called a DL assignment or DL DCI, and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be called a UL grant or UL DCI. Note that the PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and the PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

A control resource set (COntrol REsource SET (CORESET)) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to the resources to search for DCI. The search space corresponds to the search region and search method of PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or multiple search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a search space based on the search space configuration.

A search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," "CORESET setting," etc. in this disclosure may be read as interchangeable.

The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK/NACK, etc.), and a scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

Note that in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS/PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), etc. In addition, the SS, SSB, etc. may also be called a reference signal.

In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, a measurement reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

(Base station)
9 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140 may each be provided in one or more units.

Note that this example mainly shows the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment, and the base station 10 may also be assumed to have other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing of communication channels (setting, release, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be composed of a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

The transceiver 120 may be configured as an integrated transceiver, or may be composed of a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter may be composed of a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiver may be composed of a reception processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

The transmitting/receiving antenna 130 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc.

The transceiver 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data and control information obtained from the control unit 110 to generate a bit string to be transmitted.

The transceiver 120 (transmission processor 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

Note that the transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in this disclosure may be configured with at least one of the transmitting/receiving section 120, the transmitting/receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

The transceiver 120 may transmit information regarding the setting of the unified TCI state, information regarding the first TCI state and the second TCI state corresponding to the unified TCI state, and higher layer parameters related to UL power control. When a beam failure is detected in the terminal, the control unit 110 may indicate at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to the first UL transmission corresponding to the first TCI state and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to the second UL transmission corresponding to the second TCI state after a beam failure recovery procedure. The control unit 110 may indicate transmit power control (TPC) parameters to be used for transmit power control of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission using the higher layer parameters related to UL power control.

The transceiver 120 may transmit information on the setting of the unified TCI state, information on a first control resource set and a second control resource set corresponding to different control resource set pool indexes, and higher layer parameters related to UL power control. When a beam failure is detected in the terminal, the control unit 110 may instruct at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the first control resource set and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the second control resource set after a beam failure recovery procedure. The control unit 110 may instruct transmit power control (TPC) parameters to be used for the transmit power control of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission by the higher layer parameters related to UL power control.

(User terminal)
10 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230 may each include one or more.

Note that this example mainly shows the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment, and the user terminal 20 may also be assumed to have other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230, measurement, etc. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

The transceiver unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transceiver unit, or may be composed of a transmission unit and a reception unit. The transmission unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The reception unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

The transmitting/receiving antenna 230 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc.

The transceiver 220 (transmission processor 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data and control information acquired from the controller 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

The transceiver 220 (transmission processor 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the settings of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing in order to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and when transform precoding is not enabled, it is not necessary to perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing.

The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

The transceiver 220 (reception processor 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. CSI-IM may be called CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. In this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting/receiving unit 220 and the transmitting/receiving antenna 230.

The transceiver 220 may receive information regarding the setting of the unified TCI state, information regarding a first TCI state and a second TCI state corresponding to the unified TCI state, and higher layer parameters related to UL power control.

When the control unit 210 detects a beam failure, after a beam failure recovery procedure, the control unit 210 may determine at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a first TCI state and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a second TCI state. The control unit 210 may control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on a transmit power control (TPC) parameter provided by a higher layer parameter related to UL power control.

The control unit 210 may control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the same TPC parameter provided by the upper layer parameters related to UL power control. The control unit 210 may separately control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on multiple TPC parameters provided by the upper layer parameters related to UL power control. The control unit 210 may control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the sum of a power offset provided by the upper layer parameters related to UL power control and another power offset.

The transceiver 220 may receive information regarding the configuration of the unified TCI state, information regarding a first control resource set and a second control resource set that respectively correspond to different control resource set pool indexes, and higher layer parameters regarding UL power control.

When the control unit 210 detects a beam failure, after a beam failure recovery procedure, the control unit 210 may determine at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the first control resource set and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the second control resource set. The control unit 210 may control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on a transmit power control (TPC) parameter provided by a higher layer parameter related to UL power control.

The control unit 210 may control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the same TPC parameter provided by the upper layer parameters related to UL power control. The control unit 210 may separately control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on multiple TPC parameters provided by the upper layer parameters related to UL power control. The control unit 210 may control the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the sum of a power offset provided by the upper layer parameters related to UL power control and another power offset.

(Hardware configuration)
The block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. The method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more devices that are physically or logically separated and directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.). The functional blocks may be realized by combining the one device or the multiple devices with software.

Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgement, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs the transmission function may be called a transmitting unit, a transmitter, and the like. In either case, as mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on the method of realization.

For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

In addition, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit may be interpreted as interchangeable. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or using other techniques. Furthermore, the processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are realized, for example, by loading specific software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communications via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

The processor 1001, for example, operates an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transmission/reception unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

The processor 1001 also reads out programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes according to these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and similar implementations may be made for other functional blocks.

Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), and other suitable storage media. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting/receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also called, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting/receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting/receiving antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmitting/receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that performs output to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one structure (e.g., a touch panel).

Furthermore, each device such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

(Modification)
In addition, the terms described in this disclosure and the terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be read as mutually interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may be called a pilot, a pilot signal, or the like depending on the applied standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, or the like.

A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter that is applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The numerology may indicate, for example, at least one of the following: SubCarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, a specific filtering process performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, a specific windowing process performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

A radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units when transmitting a signal. A different name may be used for radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol. Note that the time units such as frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol in this disclosure may be read as interchangeable.

For example, one subframe may be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station schedules each user terminal by allocating radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-coded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) in which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

Note that when one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (minislots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

Note that a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, and may be, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

Furthermore, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may be one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI in length. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area of one subcarrier and one symbol.

A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by an index of the RB relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal/channel outside the active BWP. Note that "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

Note that the above-mentioned structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, as well as the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length can be changed in various ways.

In addition, the information, parameters, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using absolute values, may be represented using relative values from a predetermined value, or may be represented using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the formulas and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting in any respect.

The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

In addition, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and/or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input/output via multiple network nodes.

Input/output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input/output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

The notification of information is not limited to the aspects/embodiments described in this disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination of these.

The physical layer signaling may be called Layer 1/Layer 2 (L1/L2) control information (L1/L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. The RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc. The MAC signaling may be notified, for example, using a MAC Control Element (CE).

Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "X is the case") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

The determination may be based on a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value represented by true or false, or a comparison of numerical values (e.g., with a predetermined value).

Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and/or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave, etc.), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. "Network" may refer to the devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)", "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmit power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "beam", "beam width", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", "panel", "UE panel", "transmitting entity", "receiving entity", etc. may be used interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, the antenna port may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal/channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the resource may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal/channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time/frequency/code/space/power resources. The spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

The above groups may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, etc.

Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

Furthermore, in this disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be interpreted as interchangeable.

Furthermore, in this disclosure, "QCL", "QCL assumptions", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property/properties", "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) characteristics", "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)", etc. may be read as interchangeable.

In this disclosure, the terms index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, resource ID, etc. may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, the terms sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc. may be interchangeable.

Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable as "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. TCI state and TCI may be interchangeable. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "Radio base station", "Fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission/Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell group", "Carrier", "Component carrier", etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also provide communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small base station for indoor use (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of at least one of the base station and base station subsystems that provide communication services in this coverage.

In this disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control/operate based on the information.

In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "User Equipment (UE)", "terminal", etc. may be used interchangeably.

A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

The moving body in question refers to an object that can move, and the moving speed is arbitrary, and of course includes the case where the moving body is stationary. The moving body in question includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted on these. The moving body in question may also be a moving body that moves autonomously based on an operating command.

The moving object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned moving object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

The drive unit 41 is composed of at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar), and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an Input/Output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

Signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the motor current, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46/rear wheels 47 acquired by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46/rear wheels 47 acquired by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal acquired by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal acquired by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 acquired by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 acquired by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 acquired by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. acquired by an object detection sensor 58.

The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, displays, televisions, and radios, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information/services (e.g., multimedia information/multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.) that perform output to the outside.

The driving assistance system unit 64 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving load, such as a millimeter wave radar, a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a camera, a positioning locator (e.g., a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., a High Definition (HD) map, an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (e.g., an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), an Inertial Navigation System (INS), etc.), an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chip, and an AI processor, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize a driving assistance function or an autonomous driving function.

The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 between the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58 that are provided on the vehicle 40.

The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10 or user terminal 20. The communication module 60 may also be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the signals from the various sensors 50-58 described above input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above input.

The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH (or data/information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

The communication module 60 also stores various information received from external devices in memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided on the vehicle 40.

Furthermore, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, each aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, the uplink channel, downlink channel, etc. may be read as the sidelink channel.

Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure may be interpreted as a base station. In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

In this disclosure, operations that are described as being performed by a base station may in some cases be performed by its upper node. In a network that includes one or more network nodes having base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) or a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination of these.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched between depending on the implementation. In addition, the processing procedures, sequences, flow charts, etc. of each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged as long as there is no inconsistency. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps in an exemplary order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure includes Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio The present invention may be applied to systems that use Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wide Band (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and other appropriate wireless communication methods, as well as next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. In addition, multiple systems may be combined (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G, etc.).

As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

Any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, etc.

"Determining" may also be considered to mean "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), etc.

Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered to mean "judging (deciding)" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment (decision)" may be considered to mean "judging (deciding)" some kind of action. In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" may be read as interchangeably with the actions described above.

Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine/determining" may be interpreted interchangeably as "assume/assuming," "expect/expecting," "consider/considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interpreted interchangeably as "assumes not to do...."

In the present disclosure, "expect" may be read as "be expected". For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to infinitive, etc.) may be read as "be expected ...". "does not expect ..." may be read as "be not expected ...". Also, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be read as "An apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ..." (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

The "maximum transmit power" referred to in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, may mean the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or may mean the rated UE maximum transmit power.

As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected" and "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, and the like, as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, and the like, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Additionally, the term "or," as used in this disclosure, is not intended to be an exclusive or.

In this disclosure, where articles have been added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are plural.

In this disclosure, terms such as "less than", "less than", "greater than", "more than", "equal to", etc. may be read as interchangeable. In addition, in this disclosure, terms meaning "good", "bad", "big", "small", "high", "low", "fast", "slow", "wide", "narrow", etc. may be read as interchangeable, not limited to positive, comparative and superlative. In addition, in this disclosure, terms meaning "good", "bad", "big", "small", "high", "low", "fast", "slow", "wide", "narrow", etc. may be read as interchangeable, not limited to positive, comparative and superlative, as expressions with "ith" (i is any integer) (for example, "best" may be read as "ith best").

In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, "when A, B", "if A, (then) B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during/while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as)/on A", "B after A", "B since A", "B until A" and the like may be read as interchangeable. Note that A, B, etc. here may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and normal sentences depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be almost 0 (immediately after or immediately before). Also, a time offset may be applied to the time when A occurs. For example, "A" may be read interchangeably as "before/after the time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (e.g., one or more symbols/slots) may be predefined or may be identified by the UE based on signaled information.

In this disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be interpreted as interchangeable.

The invention disclosed herein has been described in detail above, but it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention disclosed herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description of the present disclosure is intended for illustrative purposes only and does not imply any limitations on the invention disclosed herein.

Claims (6)

a receiving unit for receiving information on a configuration of the unified TCI state, information on a first control resource set and a second control resource set corresponding to different control resource set pool indexes, respectively, and higher layer parameters related to UL power control;
a control unit that, when a beam failure is detected, determines at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the first control resource set and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the second control resource set after a procedure for recovering from the beam failure;
The control unit controls transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on a transmit power control (TPC) parameter provided by an upper layer parameter related to the UL power control. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the same TPC parameters provided by higher layer parameters related to the UL power control. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission separately based on a plurality of TPC parameters provided by higher layer parameters related to the UL power control. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on the sum of a power offset provided by a higher layer parameter related to the UL power control and another power offset. receiving information about a configuration of a unified TCI state, information about a first control resource set and a second control resource set corresponding to different control resource set pool indexes, respectively, and higher layer parameters related to UL power control;
and determining, when a beam failure is detected, at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the first control resource set and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the second control resource set after a beam failure recovery procedure;
A wireless communication method for a terminal, in which the control unit controls transmission power of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on a transmit power control (TPC) parameter provided by an upper layer parameter related to the UL power control. A transmitter for transmitting information on the configuration of the unified TCI state, information on a first control resource set and a second control resource set corresponding to different control resource set pool indexes, and higher layer parameters on UL power control to a terminal.
a control unit that, when a beam failure is detected in the terminal, instructs at least one of a first spatial domain filter to be applied to a first UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the first control resource set and a second spatial domain filter to be applied to a second UL transmission corresponding to a TCI state specific to the second control resource set after a beam failure recovery procedure;
The control unit is a base station that indicates transmit power control (TPC) parameters used for transmitting power control of the first UL transmission and the second UL transmission based on upper layer parameters related to the UL power control.

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