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WO2025010200A1 - Procédés, architectures, appareils et systèmes pour utiliser un fenêtrage pour déterminer une compression d'informations d'état de canal différentielles - Google Patents

Procédés, architectures, appareils et systèmes pour utiliser un fenêtrage pour déterminer une compression d'informations d'état de canal différentielles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025010200A1
WO2025010200A1 PCT/US2024/036104 US2024036104W WO2025010200A1 WO 2025010200 A1 WO2025010200 A1 WO 2025010200A1 US 2024036104 W US2024036104 W US 2024036104W WO 2025010200 A1 WO2025010200 A1 WO 2025010200A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
precoding matrix
wtru
csi
feedback information
reference signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/US2024/036104
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English (en)
Inventor
Ahmet Serdar Tan
Patrick Tooher
Tejaswinee LUTCHOOMUN
Mihaela Beluri
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InterDigital Patent Holdings Inc
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InterDigital Patent Holdings Inc
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2025010200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025010200A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0636—Feedback format
    • H04B7/0641—Differential feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0623—Auxiliary parameters, e.g. power control [PCB] or not acknowledged commands [NACK], used as feedback information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0652—Feedback error handling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0658—Feedback reduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is generally directed to the fields of communications, software and encoding, including methods, architectures, apparatuses, and systems directed to differential channel state information (CSI) compression and feedback.
  • CSI channel state information
  • Codebook-based precoding with feedback information transmission may be used in wireless systems. Performance of codebook-based precoding may be limited due to its finite number of precoding vectors. Embodiments described herein have been designed with the foregoing in mind.
  • a method implemented in a wireless transmit and receive unit may include receiving a first reference signal at a first time instance at a beginning of a time window and determining a first precoding matrix based on the first reference signal.
  • the method may include receiving a second reference signal at a second time instance within the time window and determining a second precoding matrix based on the second reference signal.
  • the method may include determining a second compressed differential CSI based on the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the method may include transmitting first feedback information at a first reporting occasion associated with the first time instance, and the first feedback information may indicate the first precoding matrix.
  • the method may include transmitting second feedback information at a second reporting occasion associated with the second time instance, and the second feedback information may indicate the second compressed differential CSI.
  • a WTRU including circuitry including any of a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a memory
  • the circuitry may be configured to receive a first reference signal at a first time instance at a beginning of a time window and to determine a first precoding matrix based on the first reference signal.
  • the circuitry may be configured to receive a second reference signal at a second time instance within the time window and to determine a second precoding matrix based on the second reference signal.
  • the circuitry may be configured to determine a second compressed differential CSI based on the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the circuitry may be configured to transmit first feedback information at a first reporting occasion associated with the first time instance, and the first feedback information may indicate the first precoding matrix.
  • the circuitry may be configured to transmit second feedback information at a second reporting occasion associated with the second time instance, and the second feedback information may indicate the second compressed differential CSI.
  • FIG. 1 A is a system diagram illustrating an example communications system
  • FIG. IB is a system diagram illustrating an example wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1 A;
  • WTRU wireless transmit/receive unit
  • FIG. 1C is a system diagram illustrating an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1A;
  • RAN radio access network
  • CN core network
  • FIG. ID is a system diagram illustrating a further example RAN and a further example CN that may be used within the communications system illustrated in FIG. 1 A;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of codebook-based precoding with feedback information
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of AI/ML framework for CSI feedback compression
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of windowed differential CSI compression
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example method for window differential CSI compression
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example method for using windowing to determine differential CSI compression.
  • the methods, apparatuses and systems provided herein are well-suited for communications involving both wired and wireless networks.
  • An overview of various types of wireless devices and infrastructure is provided with respect to FIGs. 1A-1D, where various elements of the network may utilize, perform, be arranged in accordance with and/or be adapted and/or configured for the methods, apparatuses and systems provided herein.
  • FIG. 1A is a system diagram illustrating an example communications system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc., to multiple wireless users.
  • the communications system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through the sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth.
  • the communications systems 100 may employ one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), singlecarrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero-tail (ZT) unique-word (UW) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-s OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block- filtered OFDM, filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), and the like.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal FDMA
  • SC-FDMA singlecarrier FDMA
  • ZT zero-tail
  • ZT UW unique-word
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • UW DTS-s OFDM unique word OFDM
  • UW-OFDM resource block- filtered OFDM
  • FBMC filter bank multicarrier
  • the communications system 100 may include wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, a radio access network (RAN) 104/113, a core network (CN) 106/115, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, the Internet 110, and other networks 112, though it will be appreciated that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and/or network elements.
  • Each of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and/or communicate in a wireless environment.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals and may include (or be) a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi- Fi device, an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and/or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and/or an automated processing chain contexts), a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and/or industrial wireless networks, and
  • UE user equipment
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • HMD head-mounted display
  • the communications systems 100 may also include a base station 114a and/or a base station 114b.
  • Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, e.g., to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106/115, the Internet 110, and/or the networks 112.
  • the base stations 114a, 114b may be any of a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node-B (NB), an eNode-B (eNB), a Home Node-B (HNB), a Home eNode-B (HeNB), a gNode-B (gNB), a NR Node-B (NR NB), a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. While the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and/or network elements.
  • the base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104/113, which may also include other base stations and/or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), relay nodes, etc.
  • BSC base station controller
  • RNC radio network controller
  • the base station 114a and/or the base station 114b may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as a cell (not shown). These frequencies may be in licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum.
  • a cell may provide coverage for a wireless service to a specific geographical area that may be relatively fixed or that may change over time. The cell may further be divided into cell sectors.
  • the cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors.
  • the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one for each sector of the cell.
  • the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each or any sector of the cell.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple output
  • beamforming may be used to transmit and/or receive signals in desired spatial directions.
  • the base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.).
  • the air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).
  • RAT radio access technology
  • the communications system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and the like.
  • the base station 114a in the RAN 104/113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using wideband CDMA (WCDMA).
  • WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and/or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+).
  • HSPA may include High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and/or High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA).
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) and/or LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro).
  • E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE- Advanced
  • LTE-A Pro LTE-Advanced Pro
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR Radio Access, which may establish the air interface 116 using New Radio (NR).
  • a radio technology such as NR Radio Access, which may establish the air interface 116 using New Radio (NR).
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies.
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement LTE radio access and NR radio access together, for instance using dual connectivity (DC) principles.
  • DC dual connectivity
  • the air interface utilized by WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and/or transmissions sent to/from multiple types of base stations (e.g., an eNB and a gNB).
  • the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 IX, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), and the like.
  • IEEE 802.11 i.e., Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)
  • IEEE 802.16 i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)
  • CDMA2000, CDMA2000 IX, CDMA2000 EV-DO Code Division Multiple Access 2000
  • IS-2000 Interim Standard 95
  • IS-856 Interim Standard 856
  • GSM Global
  • the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
  • the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.) to establish any of a small cell, picocell or femtocell.
  • a cellular-based RAT e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.
  • the base station 114b may have a direct connection to the Internet 110.
  • the base station 114b may not be required to access the Internet 110 via the CN 106/115.
  • the RAN 104/113 may be in communication with the CN 106/115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications, and/or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d.
  • the data may have varying quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as differing throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, and the like.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the CN 106/115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, pre-paid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and/or perform high-level security functions, such as user authentication.
  • the RAN 104/113 and/or the CN 106/115 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 104/113 or a different RAT.
  • the CN 106/115 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) employing any of a GSM, UMTS, CDMA 2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or Wi-Fi radio technology.
  • the CN 106/115 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and/or other networks 112.
  • the PSTN 108 may include circuit-switched telephone networks that provide plain old telephone service (POTS).
  • POTS plain old telephone service
  • the Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP) and/or the internet protocol (IP) in the TCP/IP internet protocol suite.
  • the networks 112 may include wired and/or wireless communications networks owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 104/114 or a different RAT.
  • Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communications system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links).
  • the WTRU 102c shown in FIG. 1A may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.
  • FIG. IB is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102.
  • the WTRU 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit/receive element 122, a speaker/microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display/touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and/or other elements/peripherals 138, among others.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the processor 118 may be a general-purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, and the like.
  • the processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment.
  • the processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit/receive element 122. While FIG. IB depicts the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components, it will be appreciated that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together, e.g., in an electronic package or chip.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit signals to, or receive signals from, a base station (e.g., the base station 114a) over the air interface 116.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and/or receive RF signals.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be an emitter/detector configured to transmit and/or receive IR, UV, or visible light signals, for example.
  • the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive both RF and light signals. It will be appreciated that the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive any combination of wireless signals.
  • the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit/receive elements 122.
  • the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology.
  • the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit/receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.
  • the transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate the signals that are to be transmitted by the transmit/receive element 122 and to demodulate the signals that are received by the transmit/receive element 122.
  • the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities.
  • the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.11, for example.
  • the processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to, and may receive user input data from, the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit).
  • the processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128.
  • the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, any type of suitable memory, such as the non-removable memory 130 and/or the removable memory 132.
  • the non-removable memory 130 may include random-access memory (RAM), readonly memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device.
  • the removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • SD secure digital
  • the processor 118 may access information from, and store data in, memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).
  • the processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134 and may be configured to distribute and/or control the power to the other components in the WTRU 102.
  • the power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102.
  • the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, and the like.
  • the processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102.
  • location information e.g., longitude and latitude
  • the WTRU 102 may receive location information over the air interface 116 from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) and/or determine its location based on the timing of the signals being received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by way of any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the processor 118 may further be coupled to other elements/peripherals 138, which may include one or more software and/or hardware modules/units that provide additional features, functionality and/or wired or wireless connectivity.
  • the elements/peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an e-compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (e.g., for photographs and/or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands free headset, a Bluetooth® module, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a virtual reality and/or augmented reality (VR/AR) device, an activity tracker, and the like.
  • FM frequency modulated
  • the elements/peripherals 138 may include one or more sensors, the sensors may be one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor; an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, and/or a humidity sensor.
  • a gyroscope an accelerometer, a hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor; an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, and/or a humidity sensor.
  • the WTRU 102 may include a full duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for both the uplink (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception) may be concurrent and/or simultaneous.
  • the full duplex radio may include an interference management unit to reduce and or substantially eliminate self-interference via either hardware (e.g., a choke) or signal processing via a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via processor 118).
  • the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for either the uplink (e.g., for transmission) or the downlink (e.g., for reception)).
  • a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all of the signals (e.g., associated with particular subframes for either the uplink (e.g., for transmission) or the downlink (e.g., for reception)).
  • FIG. 1C is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 according to an embodiment.
  • the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, and 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.
  • the RAN 104 may include eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of eNode-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology.
  • the eNode-B 160a for example, may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.
  • Each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, and 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the uplink (UL) and/or downlink (DL), and the like. As shown in FIG. 1C, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another over an X2 interface.
  • the CN 106 shown in FIG. 1C may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW) 166. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it will be appreciated that any one of these elements may be owned and/or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW serving gateway
  • PGW packet data network gateway
  • the MME 162 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, and 160c in the RAN 104 via an SI interface and may serve as a control node.
  • the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation/deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.
  • the MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and/or WCDMA.
  • the SGW 164 may be connected to each of the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via the SI interface.
  • the SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to/from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • the SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring user planes during inter-eNode-B handovers, triggering paging when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and storing contexts of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.
  • the SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.
  • packet-switched networks such as the Internet 110
  • the CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks.
  • the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices.
  • the CN 106 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 112, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks that are owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the WTRU is described in FIGs. 1A-1D as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments that such a terminal may use (e.g., temporarily or permanently) wired communication interfaces with the communication network.
  • the other network 112 may be a WLAN.
  • a WLAN in infrastructure basic service set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) for the BSS and one or more stations (STAs) associated with the AP.
  • the AP may have an access or an interface to a distribution system (DS) or another type of wired/wireless network that carries traffic into and/or out of the BSS.
  • Traffic to STAs that originates from outside the BSS may arrive through the AP and may be delivered to the STAs.
  • Traffic originating from STAs to destinations outside the BSS may be sent to the AP to be delivered to respective destinations.
  • Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be sent through the AP, for example, where the source STA may send traffic to the AP and the AP may deliver the traffic to the destination STA.
  • the traffic between STAs within a BSS may be considered and/or referred to as peer-to-peer traffic.
  • the peer-to-peer traffic may be sent between (e.g., directly between) the source and destination STAs with a direct link setup (DLS).
  • the DLS may use an 802. l ie DLS or an 802.1 Iz tunneled DLS (TDLS).
  • a WLAN using an Independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and the STAs (e.g., all of the STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other.
  • the IBSS mode of communication may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad-hoc" mode of communication.
  • the AP may transmit a beacon on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel.
  • the primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a dynamically set width via signaling.
  • the primary channel may be the operating channel of the BSS and may be used by the STAs to establish a connection with the AP.
  • Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) may be implemented, for example in in 802.11 systems.
  • the STAs e.g., every STA, including the AP, may sense the primary channel. If the primary channel is sensed/detected and/or determined to be busy by a particular STA, the particular STA may back off.
  • One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.
  • High throughput (HT) STAs may use a 40 MHz wide channel for communication, for example, via a combination of the primary 20 MHz channel with an adjacent or nonadj acent 20 MHz channel to form a 40 MHz wide channel.
  • VHT STAs may support 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and/or 160 MHz wide channels.
  • the 40 MHz, and/or 80 MHz, channels may be formed by combining contiguous 20 MHz channels.
  • a 160 MHz channel may be formed by combining 8 contiguous 20 MHz channels, or by combining two non-contiguous 80 MHz channels, which may be referred to as an 80+80 configuration.
  • the data, after channel encoding may be passed through a segment parser that may divide the data into two streams.
  • Inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) processing, and time domain processing may be done on each stream separately.
  • IFFT Inverse fast fourier transform
  • the streams may be mapped on to the two 80 MHz channels, and the data may be transmitted by a transmitting STA.
  • the above-described operation for the 80+80 configuration may be reversed, and the combined data may be sent to a medium access control (MAC) layer, entity, etc.
  • MAC medium access control
  • Sub 1 GHz modes of operation are supported by 802.1 laf and 802.11 ah.
  • the channel operating bandwidths, and carriers, are reduced in 802.1 laf and 802.1 lah relative to those used in
  • 802.1 laf supports 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz bandwidths in the TV white space (TVWS) spectrum
  • 802.1 lah supports 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, and 16 MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to a representative embodiment,
  • MTC meter type control/machine-type communications
  • MTC devices may have certain capabilities, for example, limited capabilities including support for (e.g., only support for) certain and/or limited bandwidths.
  • the MTC devices may include a battery with a battery life above a threshold (e.g., to maintain a very long battery life).
  • WLAN systems which may support multiple channels, and channel bandwidths, such as
  • 802.1 In, 802.1 lac, 802.1 laf, and 802.1 lah include a channel which may be designated as the primary channel.
  • the primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the largest common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS.
  • the bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and/or limited by a STA, from among all STAs in operating in a BSS, which supports the smallest bandwidth operating mode.
  • the primary channel may be 1 MHz wide for STAs (e.g., MTC type devices) that support (e.g., only support) a 1 MHz mode, even if the AP, and other STAs in the BSS support 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 MHz, 16 MHz, and/or other channel bandwidth operating modes.
  • Carrier sensing and/or network allocation vector (NAV) settings may depend on the status of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, due to a STA (which supports only a 1 MHz operating mode), transmitting to the AP, the entire available frequency bands may be considered busy even though a majority of the frequency bands remains idle and may be available.
  • the available frequency bands which may be used by 802.1 lah, are from 902 MHz to 928 MHz. In Korea, the available frequency bands are from 917.5 MHz to 923.5 MHz. In Japan, the available frequency bands are from 916.5 MHz to 927.5 MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.1 lah is 6 MHz to 26 MHz depending on the country code.
  • FIG. ID is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 113 and the CN 115 according to an embodiment.
  • the RAN 113 may employ an NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the RAN 113 may also be in communication with the CN 115.
  • the RAN 113 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 113 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology.
  • gNBs 180a, 180b may utilize beamforming to transmit signals to and/or receive signals from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • the gNB 180a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to, and/or receive wireless signals from, the WTRU 102a.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology.
  • the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on unlicensed spectrum while the remaining component carriers may be on licensed spectrum.
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technology.
  • WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and/or gNB 180c).
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with a scalable numerology. For example, OFDM symbol spacing and/or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and/or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframe or transmission time intervals (TTIs) of various or scalable lengths (e.g., including a varying number of OFDM symbols and/or lasting varying lengths of absolute time).
  • TTIs subframe or transmission time intervals
  • the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and/or a non- standalone configuration.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c without also accessing other RANs (e.g., such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c).
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may utilize one or more of gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as a mobility anchor point.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with/connect to gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating with/connecting to another RAN such as eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c.
  • WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement DC principles to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously.
  • eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may serve as a mobility anchor for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and/or throughput for servicing WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in the UL and/or DL, support of network slicing, dual connectivity, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data towards user plane functions (UPFs) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards access and mobility management functions (AMFs) 182a, 182b, and the like. As shown in FIG. ID, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may communicate with one another over an Xn interface.
  • UPFs user plane functions
  • AMFs access and mobility management functions
  • the CN 115 shown in FIG. ID may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one session management function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and at least one Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 115, it will be appreciated that any of these elements may be owned and/or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.
  • AMF session management function
  • the AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via an N2 interface and may serve as a control node.
  • the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slicing (e.g., handling of different protocol data unit (PDU) sessions with different requirements), selecting a particular SMF 183a, 183b, management of the registration area, termination of NAS signaling, mobility management, and the like.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • Network slicing may be used by the AMF 182a, 182b, e.g., to customize CN support for WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c based on the types of services being utilized WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.
  • different network slices may be established for different use cases such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced massive mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for MTC access, and/or the like.
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low latency
  • eMBB enhanced massive mobile broadband
  • the AMF 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 113 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and/or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.
  • radio technologies such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and/or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to an AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via an N11 interface.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to a UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via an N4 interface.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b and configure the routing of traffic through the UPF 184a, 184b.
  • the SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP address, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notifications, and the like.
  • a PDU session type may be IP -based, non-IP based, Ethernet-based, and the like.
  • the UPF 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, e.g., to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.
  • the UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multihomed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, providing mobility anchoring, and the like.
  • the CN 115 may facilitate communications with other networks.
  • the CN 115 may include, or may communicate with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to the other networks 112, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks that are owned and/or operated by other service providers.
  • the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to a local Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b through the UPF 184a, 184b via the N3 interface to the UPF 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b.
  • DN local Data Network
  • one or more, or all, of the functions described herein with regard to any of: WTRUs 102a-d, base stations 114a- b, eNode-Bs 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNBs 180a-c, AMFs 182a-b, UPFs 184a- b, SMFs 183a-b, DNs 185a-b, and/or any other element(s)/device(s) described herein, may be performed by one or more emulation elements/devices (not shown).
  • the emulation devices may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more, or all, of the functions described herein. For example, the emulation devices may be used to test other devices and/or to simulate network and/or WTRU functions.
  • the emulation devices may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a lab environment and/or in an operator network environment.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being fully or partially implemented and/or deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network in order to test other devices within the communication network.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, or all, functions while being temporarily implemented/deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network.
  • the emulation device may be directly coupled to another device for purposes of testing and/or may performing testing using over-the-air wireless communications.
  • the one or more emulation devices may perform the one or more, including all, functions while not being implemented/deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network.
  • the emulation devices may be utilized in a testing scenario in a testing laboratory and/or a non-deployed (e.g., testing) wired and/or wireless communication network in order to implement testing of one or more components.
  • the one or more emulation devices may be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and/or wireless communications via RF circuitry (e.g., which may include one or more antennas) may be used by the emulation devices to transmit and/or receive data.
  • RF circuitry e.g., which may include one or more antennas
  • base station may be used interchangeably to designate any network element such as e.g., a network element acting as a serving base station.
  • network such as e.g., a network element acting as a serving base station.
  • Embodiments described herein are not limited to gNBs and are applicable to any other type of base stations.
  • satisfying, failing to satisfy a condition, and configuring condition parameter(s) are described throughout embodiments described herein as relative to a threshold (e.g., greater, or lower than) a (e.g., threshold) value, configuring the (e.g., threshold) value, etc.
  • a threshold e.g., greater, or lower than
  • a (e.g., threshold) value e.g., configuring the (e.g., threshold) value
  • satisfying a condition may be described as being above a (e.g., threshold) value
  • failing to satisfy a condition may be described as being below a (e.g., threshold) value.
  • Embodiments described herein are not limited to threshold-based conditions. Any kind of other condition and param eter(s) (such as e.g., belonging or not belonging to a range of values) may be applicable to embodiments described herein.
  • (e.g., configuration) information may be described as received by a WTRU from the network, for example, through system information or via any kind of protocol message.
  • the same (e.g., configuration) information may be pre-configured in the WTRU (e.g., via any kind of pre-configuration methods such as e.g., via factory settings), such that this (e.g., configuration) information may be used by the WTRU without being received from the network.
  • a WTRU may be configured with something
  • a WTRU may receive configuration information indicating something.
  • the expression “a WTRU may report something” may be used interchangeably with “a WTRU may transmit (e.g., reporting) information indicating something”.
  • the expression “a WTRU may feedback something” may be used interchangeably with "a WTRU may transmit (e.g., feedback) information indicating something”.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of codebook-based precoding with feedback information.
  • the feedback information may include a precoding matrix index (PMI) which may be referred to as a codeword index in the codebook as shown in FIG. 2.
  • PMI precoding matrix index
  • a codebook may include a set of precoding vectors/matrices for each rank and the number of antenna ports. Each precoding vector/ matrix may be associated with an index such that a receiver may indicate preferred precoding vector/matrix index to a transmitter.
  • the codebook-based precoding may have performance degradation based on its finite number of precoding vector/matrix as compared with non-codebook-based precoding. Codebook-based precoding may allow a lower control signaling (e.g., feedback) overhead.
  • Artificial Intelligence and/or machine learning (AI/ML) based CSI feedback may use autoencoders (AE) for CSI compression. This may be seen as a two-sided system, where the estimated CSI may be compressed at the WTRU side, fed back to the gNB, and then decompressed at the gNB.
  • AE autoencoders
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of AI/ML framework for CSI feedback compression.
  • AIML based CSI compression may allow a performance improvement compared to legacy CSI feedback using a similar payload size.
  • AIML based CSI feedback may be associated with a compression error that may (e.g., occasionally) lead to (e.g., significant) mismatch between the precoder computed at the WTRU and decompressed precoder at NW, X and X.
  • Embodiments described herein may allow to handle mismatch and performance degradation in CSI compression.
  • a mismatch may occur between the precoder calculated at the WTRU-side (X) and the precoder restored at the NW-side X. Occasional mismatch may lead to performance degradation, as the NW may make any of precoding and scheduling decisions based on a potentially different precoder (X , where X X). In case of a (e.g., significant) mismatch the corresponding transport blocks may not be successfully decoded.
  • a balanced solution may allow to handle performance and mismatch issues.
  • Embodiments described herein may allow to enable a balanced solution that may address at the same time (i) CSI compression mismatch and (ii) performance degradation based on using only codebook-based precoding.
  • a WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) compressed differential CSI, based on the difference between current ideal CSI and a past codebook-based CSI depending on the window size.
  • the WTRU may report any of compressed differential CSI and mismatch metric, and at the beginning of a reporting window, the WTRU may report a PMI.
  • the WTRU may receive configuration information on differential CSI indicating any of (a) the payload size of low-resolution PM (e.g., Type VII PMI feedback), (b) the payload size of differential CSI compression, (c) an indication on the use of differential CSI compression, and (d) an indication on the window size to report low resolution PM and differential CSI (or an indication on the WTRU to determine the window size).
  • the payload size of low-resolution PM e.g., Type VII PMI feedback
  • the payload size of differential CSI compression e.g., Type VII PMI feedback
  • an indication on the use of differential CSI compression e.g., an indication on the use of differential CSI compression
  • the WTRU may receive channel state information reference signal (CSI- RS) and may determine (e.g., compute) the differential CSI.
  • CSI- RS channel state information reference signal
  • the WTRU may select a window size based on any of an indication from the NW and the channel coherence time.
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) a low-resolution (e.g., low payload size) Type I/II codebook-based precoding matrix according to the indicated configuration (e.g., only) for the beginning of the indicated window, based on received CSI-RS.
  • a low-resolution e.g., low payload size
  • Type I/II codebook-based precoding matrix e.g., only
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) ideal precoding matrix based on one or more CSI-RS measurements.
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) the difference of codebook-based precoding matrix (computed at the beginning of the window) and ideal precoding matrix, e.g., the windowed differential CSI, computed at a plurality of time instances within the window.
  • ideal precoding matrix e.g., the windowed differential CSI
  • the WTRU may compress the differential CSI (e.g., using a trained AE) based on the indicated payload size.
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) a side information for the detection of mismatch at NW side.
  • the WTRU may determine the feedback.
  • the WTRU may report the low- resolution PM at the beginning of the window.
  • the WTRU may report compressed differential CSI at a (e.g., every) reporting instance within the window.
  • the WTRU may report a new low- resolution PM within a window in case of an error during the transmission of the first low resolution PM.
  • the WTRU may report the selected window size.
  • the WTRU may receive data precoded with codebook-based low- resolution PM or reconstructed ideal PM.
  • differential CSI compression may refer to the compression of the difference of two different precoding matrices.
  • a precoding matrix may refer to a matrix generated based on channel measurements to achieve (e.g., operate) beamforming.
  • a precoding matrix indicator may refer to an index indicating a (e.g., specific) precoding matrix on a codebook of precoding matrices.
  • a codebook-based precoding matrix may refer to the use of the (e.g., legacy) CSI feedback Typel/II mechanisms where PMI may be fed back from the WTRU to the NW.
  • Legacy CSI feedback may refer to any of existing Typel/II, eTypell, etc. mechanisms.
  • codebook-based precoding matrix “low-resolution precoding matrix” and “lower resolution precoding matrix” may be used interchangeably.
  • full CSI compression may refer to the case where the WTRU may compress the precoding matrix determined (e.g., computed) based on channel measurements at the WTRU, using (e.g., based on) the autoencoder.
  • an ideal precoding matrix may refer to the precoder determined (e.g., computed) at the WTRU based on the channel measurements at the WTRU.
  • the terms “ideal precoding matrix”, “high-resolution precoding matrix”, “higher resolution precoding matrix”, “non-codebook-based precoding matrix”, and “WTRU-computed-based precoding matrix” may be used interchangeably.
  • any of a reconstructed, a decoded and a decompressed precoding matrix may refer to the matrix obtained at the output of the decoder of autoencoder at the NW.
  • mismatch may refer to a (e.g., significant) difference at the input of autoencoder at the WTRU and the output of the autoencoder at the NW that may degrade the performance of communication between the WTRU and NW.
  • side information may refer to additional information (such as e.g., magnitude or relative magnitude of the input of the autoencoder) that may be sent by the WTRU to NW to detect mismatch at the NW (e.g., significant difference between input and output of the autoencoder).
  • additional information such as e.g., magnitude or relative magnitude of the input of the autoencoder
  • channel response In embodiments described herein, the terms channel response, channel matrix, and channel response matrix may be used interchangeably. [0107] In embodiments described herein, the terms “low-resolution PMI”, “low-resolution CSI feedback”, “low-resolution type I/type II/enhanced type II codebook” may be used interchangeably.
  • values and parameters that may be any of configured, measured, and reported may be any of indices, identifiers, relative values, absolute values, arrays of values (and/or bits), quantized values and arrays of quantized values.
  • Embodiments described herein allow to address at the same time: (i) the performance degradation of codebook-based CSI reporting, and (ii) the mismatch detection at the NW (e.g., when using autoencoder based CSI compression for CSI reporting).
  • the transmitting side e.g., WTRU
  • embodiments described herein may enable the use of a lower complexity compression mechanism to compress the differential CSI owing to sparsity.
  • the receiving side e.g., WTRU, gNB
  • embodiments described herein may enable the reconstruction of ideal CSI or a codebookbased CSI depending on the mismatch, using the same CSI feedback.
  • the type of CSI reported by the WTRU to the network may be referred to herein as CSI feedback type, where the CSI feedback type may be any of codebook-based precoding matrix (e.g., Type I/Type II codebook), and compressed differential CSI.
  • the terms “Compressed differential CSI” and “differential CSI compression” may be used interchangeably in embodiments described herein.
  • the expression “reporting a first/second CSI feedback type” may be used to refer to “reporting a first/second CSI feedback of a first/second type” and may be used interchangeably with “reporting a first/second CSI feedback of a first/second CSI feedback type”.
  • a windowed differential CSI compression mode of operation may be used, wherein a first temporal CSI report in a window 41 may be based on the first temporal CSI- RS reference resource and may comprise two CSI feedback types 411 412, and the second, subsequent CSI report in the window may comprise a single CSI feedback type 413 (e.g., compressed differential CSI).
  • the blocks labelled W PMI 401 are examples of a first CSI report type (e.g., codebook-based precoding matrix), and the blocks labelled e (W Diff ) 402 are examples of a second CSI report type (e.g., compressed differential CSI).
  • windowed differential CSI compression mode and “windowed mode” may be used interchangeably.
  • a WTRU capable of performing CSI compression may be configured to use a windowed differential CSI compression mode.
  • the configuration may include a configuration for the differential CSI compression: for example, the WTRU may be configured to compress the difference matrix, or to compress the dominant eigenvectors of the difference matrix.
  • the configuration may include a CSI-RS configuration.
  • the configuration may include a window selection mode for CSI reporting, where the window selection mode may refer to how the window size may be selected, which may be any of a NW controlled window size, and a WTRU determined window size.
  • the configuration may include additional configuration parameters which may be a function of the window selection mode, as described herein.
  • the WTRU may be configured with the configuration described herein based on receiving configuration information indicating the configuration parameters described herein.
  • the configuration of the windowed mode may include (e.g., additionally include) any of: (i) a resource configuration for reporting of a first CSI feedback type, e.g., Type I/Type II or enhanced codebook, including payload size for the report, (ii) a resource configuration and payload size for reporting a second CSI feedback type, e.g., compressed differential CSI, and (iii) a window size for CSI reporting.
  • a resource configuration for reporting of a first CSI feedback type e.g., Type I/Type II or enhanced codebook
  • a resource configuration and payload size for reporting e.g., compressed differential CSI
  • a window size for CSI reporting e.g., compressed differential CSI
  • the WTRU may be configured with additional parameters to enable the determination, for example, as a fraction of the channel coherence time.
  • the WTRU may measure the channel coherence time and may determine the window size as the configured fraction of the channel coherence time.
  • the WTRU may report the determined window size, and may receive additional configuration information of the windowed mode, such as any of: (i) a resource configuration and payload size for reporting of a first CSI feedback type, e.g., type I/type II or enhanced codebook (may be a function of the WTRU reported window size), and (ii) a resource configuration and payload size for reporting a second CSI feedback type, e.g., compressed differential CSI (may be a function of the WTRU reported window size).
  • a resource configuration and payload size for reporting of a first CSI feedback type e.g., type I/type II or enhanced codebook
  • a resource configuration and payload size for reporting a second CSI feedback type e.g., compressed differential CSI
  • the WTRU may be configured to use a windowed differential CSI compression mode.
  • the WTRU may activate the windowed mode, for example, in a case where the WTRU receives an activation indication from the NW (e.g., via a MAC CE).
  • the WTRU may use the windowed mode of operation, for example, until the WTRU may receive a deactivation indication from the NW (e.g., via a MAC CE).
  • the parameters for windowed differential CSI compression mechanism at the WTRU may be configured semi-statically e.g., based on information received via radio resource control (RRC), or more dynamically based on information received via MAC CE and/or downlink control information (DCI) signalling.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • DCI downlink control information
  • a WTRU configured for windowed differential CSI compression may receive an indication to activate the windowed mode.
  • the WTRU may select the window size for CSI reporting, based on the received configuration information (e.g., NW controlled, or WTRU determined window size).
  • the WTRU may measure the channel response (e.g., the channel response matrix) based on the received CSI-RS.
  • the WTRU may determine a first CSI feedback type and a second CSI feedback type, corresponding to the first (e.g., temporal) CSI-RS received in the window, where the first CSI feedback may be a low-resolution and/or low payload size (e.g., codebook-based precoding matrix such as Type I/Type II codebook), W PMI 0 , and the second CSI feedback may be compressed differential CSI.
  • the WTRU may determine to report (e.g., only) a second CSI feedback, e.g., compressed differential CSI.
  • the WTRU may determine an ideal precoding matrix or precoders from a high-resolution codebook, W IDE t , based on the measured channel response at the current temporal sample t , in the window.
  • the WTRU may compress the differential CSI (e.g., using the WTRU-side model of an autoencoder), where the compressed differential CSI at sample t may be referred to as / e (W Diff t ).
  • the WTRU may determine side information for example, to enable the NW to detect when reconstruction mismatch of the compressed CSI may occur.
  • the WTRU may report the compressed differential CSI at sample t, (/ e the side information s Di ff t .
  • the WTRU may report the first CSI feedback type, e.g., W PMI 0 .
  • the WTRU procedure for this example is illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example method 500 for window differential CSI compression.
  • the WTRU may measure the channel response for a current temporal sample in the window.
  • the WTRU may determine an ideal precoding matrix W IDE t ,.
  • the WTRU may determine a first CSI feedback type (W PM j 0 ).
  • the WTRU may report the first CSI feedback type (Wp Mi 0 ).
  • the WTRU may determine the compressed differential CSI / e ( ⁇ Diff,t)-
  • the WTRU may determine side information for mismatch detection s Di ff t .
  • the WTRU may report the compressed differential CSI and side information.
  • the WTRU may report (e.g., only) the first CSI feedback type, e.g., W PMI 0 at the start of the window and may report the compressed differential CSI and the side information for (e.g., all) subsequent samples in the window.
  • the first CSI feedback type e.g., W PMI 0 at the start of the window
  • the compressed differential CSI and the side information for (e.g., all) subsequent samples in the window.
  • the WTRU may receive an indication (e.g., ACK/NACK) from the NW that the first CSI feedback type transmitted at the start of the window, e.g., W PM j 0 , may have been received.
  • the WTRU may report the second CSI feedback type (e.g., compressed differential CSI) and the side information, for example, if the WTRU received an ACK from the NW, otherwise the WTRU may report the first CSI feedback type (e.g., the low-resolution codebook-based precoding matrix).
  • the second CSI feedback type e.g., compressed differential CSI
  • the side information for example, if the WTRU received an ACK from the NW, otherwise the WTRU may report the first CSI feedback type (e.g., the low-resolution codebook-based precoding matrix).
  • a WTRU configured for windowed differential CSI compression may report the determined CSI feedback in reporting information.
  • the reporting information may include (e.g., indicate) a first feedback type, for example, a low-resolution codebook-based precoding matrix such as Type I/Type II/enhanced Type II codebook.
  • a first feedback type for example, a low-resolution codebook-based precoding matrix such as Type I/Type II/enhanced Type II codebook.
  • the reporting information may include (e.g., indicate) a second feedback type, for example, the compressed differential CSI.
  • the reporting information may include (e.g., indicate) side information for determining the mismatch.
  • the reporting information may include (e.g., indicate) a window size for CSI reporting, for example, in a case where the WTRU is configured to determine and report the window size.
  • the WTRU may use the first resource configuration to report the first CSI feedback type (e.g., the low-resolution CSI feedback) and may use the second resource configuration to report the second CSI feedback type (e.g., compressed differential CSI).
  • the WTRU may report a first feedback type only at the beginning of the window, where the first feedback type may be based on the first CSI reference resource received in the window.
  • the WTRU may report a first feedback type (e.g., W PMI t ) at a later reporting opportunity in the window, for example when the previous report of W PMI 0 was NACK- ed (e.g., unacknowledged, or negatively acknowledged).
  • a first feedback type e.g., W PMI t
  • NACK- ed e.g., unacknowledged, or negatively acknowledged
  • the WTRU may report the second CSI feedback type (e.g., compressed differential CSI), at every CSI reporting occasion within the window.
  • the second CSI feedback type e.g., compressed differential CSI
  • the WTRU may report (e.g., both) a first CSI feedback type (e.g., low-resolution CSI feedback) and a second CSI feedback type (e.g., compressed differential CSI), the WTRU may use separate report resources, e.g., if configured. If (e.g., only) one resource is configured for that reporting occasion, the WTRU may prioritize reporting the first CSI feedback type.
  • a first CSI feedback type e.g., low-resolution CSI feedback
  • a second CSI feedback type e.g., compressed differential CSI
  • a WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) compressed differential CSI, based on the difference between current ideal CSI and a past codebook-based CSI depending on the window size.
  • the WTRU may report compressed differential CSI and mismatch metric, and at the beginning of a reporting window, the WTRU may report a PMI.
  • the WTRU may receive configuration information on differential CSI indicating any of (a) the payload size of low-resolution PM (e.g., Type I/II PMI feedback), (b) the payload size of differential CSI compression, (c) an indication on the use of differential CSI compression, and (d) an indication on the window size to report low resolution PM and differential CSI (or an indication on the WTRU to determine the window size).
  • the payload size of low-resolution PM e.g., Type I/II PMI feedback
  • the payload size of differential CSI compression e.g., Type I/II PMI feedback
  • the payload size of differential CSI compression e.g., an indication on the use of differential CSI compression
  • an indication on the window size e.g., an indication on the WTRU to determine the window size
  • the WTRU may receive CSI-RS and may determine (e.g., compute) the differential CSI.
  • the WTRU may select a window size based on any of an indication from the NW and the channel coherence time.
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) a low-resolution (e.g., low payload size) Type I/II codebook-based precoding matrix according to the indicated configuration (e.g., only) for the beginning of the indicated window, based on received CSI-RS.
  • a low-resolution e.g., low payload size
  • Type I/II codebook-based precoding matrix e.g., only
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) ideal precoding matrix based on one or more CSI-RS measurements.
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) the difference of codebook-based precoding matrix (computed at the beginning of the window) and ideal precoding matrix, e.g., the windowed differential CSI, computed at a plurality of time instances within the window.
  • the WTRU may compress the differential CSI (e.g., using a trained AE) based on the indicated payload size.
  • the WTRU may determine (e.g., compute) a side information for the detection of mismatch at NW side.
  • the WTRU may determine the feedback.
  • the WTRU may report the low- resolution PM at the beginning of the window.
  • the WTRU may report any of compressed differential CSI at a (e.g., every) reporting instance within the window.
  • the WTRU may report a new low-resolution PM within a window in case of an error during the transmission of the first low resolution PM.
  • the WTRU may report the selected window size.
  • the WTRU may receive data precoded with codebook-based low- resolution PM or reconstructed ideal PM.
  • the WTRU may receive configuration information on the LCM procedures regarding the differential CSI compression methods.
  • the WTRU may be configured with performance thresholds on any of fallback to legacy (e.g., operation), switch to full CSI compression and switching/retraining the model.
  • the WTRU may determine and request fallback to legacy based on comparing the variation of historical ideal CSI against a (e.g., configured) threshold. In case the average variation is above a threshold, the WTRU may fallback to legacy (e.g., operation) to improve robustness.
  • a threshold e.g., configured
  • the WTRU may determine and request fallback to legacy (e.g., operation) based on comparing the historical SGCS difference between codebook-based PM and ideal PM against a (e.g., configured) threshold. In case the average of historical SGCS difference is below a (e.g., configured) threshold, then the WTRU may fallback to legacy operation (e.g., considering differential PM may be small).
  • legacy e.g., operation
  • the WTRU may determine and request to switch to full CSI compression based on comparing the historical SGCS difference between codebook-based PM and ideal PM against a (e.g., configured) threshold. In case the average of historical SGCS difference is above a (e.g., configured) threshold, then the WTRU may determine to use full CSI compression considering that the differential PM may occupy a large payload.
  • the WTRU may determine and request to any of switch and retrain the AIML model based on comparing the historical BLER against a configured (e.g., threshold). In case the average BLER is above a threshold, then the WTRU may determine to any of switch and retrain the AIML model.
  • a configured e.g., threshold
  • the WTRU may receive an indication to any of (i) fallback to legacy operation, (ii) model update and/or retraining, and (iii) use full CSI compression etc. based on model monitoring at NW.
  • the NW may compare the historical average of mismatch against a threshold.
  • the NW may compare the number of consecutive mismatches against a threshold.
  • the NW may compare the historical average BLER against a threshold.
  • the WTRU may receive an indication to any of (i) fallback to legacy operation, (ii) model update and/or retraining, and (iii) use full CSI compression etc. based on model monitoring at NW. [0161] The WTRU may determine to any of (i) fallback to legacy operation, (ii) model update and/or retraining, and (iii) use full CSI compression etc. based on model monitoring at the WTRU, and may report to NW.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example method 600 for windowed differential CSI compression.
  • the method 600 may be implemented in a WTRU.
  • the WTRU may receive a first reference signal at a first time instance at a beginning of a time window.
  • the WTRU may determine a first precoding matrix based on the first reference signal.
  • the WTRU may receive a second reference signal at a second time instance within the time window.
  • the WTRU may determine a second precoding matrix based on the second reference signal.
  • the WTRU may determine a second compressed differential CSI based on the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the WTRU may transmit second feedback information at a second reporting occasion associated with the second time instance.
  • the second feedback information may indicate the second compressed differential CSI.
  • the WTRU may transmit first feedback information at a first reporting occasion associated with the first time instance.
  • the first feedback information may indicate the first precoding matrix.
  • the first reporting occasion may occur before the second time instance and before the second reporting occasion. In various embodiments, the first reporting occasion may occur after the first time instance, and the second reporting occasion may occur after the first time instance.
  • the WTRU may determine a third precoding matrix based on the first reference signal.
  • the WTRU may determine a first compressed differential CSI based on the first precoding matrix and the third precoding matrix.
  • the first feedback information may indicate the first compressed differential CSI.
  • the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating the WTRU to determine a size of the time window.
  • the size of the time window may be determined based on a channel coherence time.
  • the WTRU may receive configuration information indicating a size of the time window.
  • the configuration information may indicate any of (i) a payload size for codebook-based precoding matrix feedback, (ii) a payload size for differential CSI compression feedback, and (iii) to use differential CSI compression.
  • the first precoding matrix may be a lower resolution precoding matrix
  • any of the second precoding matrix and the third precoding matrix may be a higher resolution precoding matrix
  • the first precoding matrix may correspond to a wideband channel.
  • any of the second precoding matrix and the third precoding matrix may correspond to a sub-band.
  • the WTRU may determine that an error occurred while (e.g., when) transmitting the first feedback information.
  • the WTRU may receive information indicating a negative acknowledge associated with the transmission of the first feedback information.
  • the WTRU may monitor for a positive acknowledge after the transmission of the first feedback information. The WTRU may determine that an error occurred when transmitting the first feedback information in a case where no positive acknowledge associated with the transmission of the first feedback information has been received within an amount of time after the transmission of the first feedback information.
  • the WTRU may transmit third feedback information indicating the first precoding matrix based on the determining that an error occurred while transmitting the first feedback information.
  • the third feedback information may be transmitted in the time window.
  • any characteristic, variant or embodiment described for a method is compatible with an apparatus device comprising means for processing the disclosed method, with a device comprising circuitry, including any of a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, a processor and a memory configured to process the disclosed method, with a computer program product comprising program code instructions and with a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions.
  • infrared capable devices i.e., infrared emitters and receivers.
  • the embodiments discussed are not limited to these systems but may be applied to other systems that use other forms of electromagnetic waves or non-electromagnetic waves such as acoustic waves.
  • video or the term “imagery” may mean any of a snapshot, single image and/or multiple images displayed over a time basis.
  • the terms “user equipment” and its abbreviation “UE”, the term “remote” and/or the terms “head mounted display” or its abbreviation “HMD” may mean or include (i) a wireless transmit and/or receive unit (WTRU); (ii) any of a number of embodiments of a WTRU; (iii) a wireless-capable and/or wired-capable (e.g., tetherable) device configured with, inter alia, some or all structures and functionality of a WTRU; (iii) a wireless-capable and/or wired-capable device configured with less than all structures and functionality of a WTRU; or (iv) the like.
  • WTRU wireless transmit and/or receive unit
  • any of a number of embodiments of a WTRU any of a number of embodiments of a WTRU
  • a wireless-capable and/or wired-capable (e.g., tetherable) device configured with, inter alia, some
  • FIGs. 1 A-1D Details of an example WTRU, which may be representative of any WTRU recited herein, are provided herein with respect to FIGs. 1 A-1D.
  • various disclosed embodiments herein supra and infra are described as utilizing a head mounted display.
  • a device other than the head mounted display may be utilized and some or all of the disclosure and various disclosed embodiments can be modified accordingly without undue experimentation. Examples of such other device may include a drone or other device configured to stream information for providing the adapted reality experience.
  • the methods provided herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer or processor.
  • Examples of computer-readable media include electronic signals (transmitted over wired or wireless connections) and computer-readable storage media.
  • Examples of computer- readable storage media include, but are not limited to, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatile disks (DVDs).
  • a processor in association with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for use in a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.
  • processing platforms, computing systems, controllers, and other devices that include processors are noted. These devices may include at least one Central Processing Unit (“CPU”) and memory.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • memory In accordance with the practices of persons skilled in the art of computer programming, reference to acts and symbolic representations of operations or instructions may be performed by the various CPUs and memories. Such acts and operations or instructions may be referred to as being “executed,” “computer executed” or “CPU executed.”
  • an electrical system represents data bits that can cause a resulting transformation or reduction of the electrical signals and the maintenance of data bits at memory locations in a memory system to thereby reconfigure or otherwise alter the CPU's operation, as well as other processing of signals.
  • the memory locations where data bits are maintained are physical locations that have particular electrical, magnetic, optical, or organic properties corresponding to or representative of the data bits. It should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned platforms or CPUs and that other platforms and CPUs may support the provided methods.
  • the data bits may also be maintained on a computer readable medium including magnetic disks, optical disks, and any other volatile (e.g., Random Access Memory (RAM)) or non-volatile (e.g., Read-Only Memory (ROM)) mass storage system readable by the CPU.
  • the computer readable medium may include cooperating or interconnected computer readable medium, which exist exclusively on the processing system or are distributed among multiple interconnected processing systems that may be local or remote to the processing system. It should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned memories and that other platforms and memories may support the provided methods.
  • any of the operations, processes, etc. described herein may be implemented as computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium.
  • the computer-readable instructions may be executed by a processor of a mobile unit, a network element, and/or any other computing device.
  • a signal bearing medium examples include, but are not limited to, the following: a recordable type medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, a CD, a DVD, a digital tape, a computer memory, etc., and a transmission type medium such as a digital and/or an analog communication medium (e.g., a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wired communications link, a wireless communication link, etc.).
  • a signal bearing medium include, but are not limited to, the following: a recordable type medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, a CD, a DVD, a digital tape, a computer memory, etc.
  • a transmission type medium such as a digital and/or an analog communication medium (e.g., a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wired communications link, a wireless communication link, etc.).
  • a typical data processing system may generally include one or more of a system unit housing, a video display device, a memory such as volatile and non-volatile memory, processors such as microprocessors and digital signal processors, computational entities such as operating systems, drivers, graphical user interfaces, and applications programs, one or more interaction devices, such as a touch pad or screen, and/or control systems including feedback loops and control motors (e.g., feedback for sensing position and/or velocity, control motors for moving and/or adjusting components and/or quantities).
  • a typical data processing system may be implemented utilizing any suitable commercially available components, such as those typically found in data computing/communication and/or network computing/communication systems.
  • any two components so associated may also be viewed as being “operably connected”, or “operably coupled”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated may also be viewed as being “operably couplable” to each other to achieve the desired functionality.
  • operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and/or physically interacting components and/or wirelessly interactable and/or wirelessly interacting components and/or logically interacting and/or logically interactable components.
  • the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B.”
  • the terms “any of' followed by a listing of a plurality of items and/or a plurality of categories of items, as used herein, are intended to include “any of,” “any combination of,” “any multiple of,” and/or “any combination of multiples of' the items and/or the categories of items, individually or in conjunction with other items and/or other categories of items.
  • the term “set” is intended to include any number of items, including zero.
  • the term “number” is intended to include any number, including zero.
  • the term “multiple”, as used herein, is intended to be synonymous with “a plurality”.
  • a range includes each individual member.
  • a group having 1-3 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, or 3 cells.
  • a group having 1-5 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 cells, and so forth.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

Un procédé mis en œuvre dans une WTRU peut consister à recevoir un premier signal de référence à une première instance temporelle au début d'une fenêtre temporelle et à déterminer une première matrice de précodage sur la base du premier signal de référence. Le procédé peut consister à recevoir un second signal de référence à une seconde instance temporelle à l'intérieur de la fenêtre temporelle et à déterminer une seconde matrice de précodage sur la base du second signal de référence. Le procédé peut consister à déterminer des secondes CSI (informations d'état de canal) différentielles compressées sur la base de la première matrice de précodage et de la seconde matrice de précodage. Le procédé peut consister à transmettre des secondes informations de rétroaction à une seconde occasion de rapport associée à la seconde instance temporelle, et les secondes informations de rétroaction peuvent indiquer les secondes CSI différentielles compressées.
PCT/US2024/036104 2023-07-05 2024-06-28 Procédés, architectures, appareils et systèmes pour utiliser un fenêtrage pour déterminer une compression d'informations d'état de canal différentielles Pending WO2025010200A1 (fr)

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WO2023019564A1 (fr) * 2021-08-20 2023-02-23 Qualcomm Incorporated Conceptions pour réduire la propagation d'erreur de rapports différentiels d'informations d'état de canal (csi)
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