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WO2025009000A1 - Dispositif de chauffage de proximité à économie d'énergie élevée avec tube capillaire - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage de proximité à économie d'énergie élevée avec tube capillaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025009000A1
WO2025009000A1 PCT/IT2024/050113 IT2024050113W WO2025009000A1 WO 2025009000 A1 WO2025009000 A1 WO 2025009000A1 IT 2024050113 W IT2024050113 W IT 2024050113W WO 2025009000 A1 WO2025009000 A1 WO 2025009000A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capillary tube
power supply
heating apparatus
fluid
temperature
Prior art date
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Pending
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PCT/IT2024/050113
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English (en)
Inventor
Francesca TORCHIO
Giorgio TORCHIO
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2025009000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025009000A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/104—Inspection; Diagnosis; Trial operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/128—Preventing overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/204—Temperature of the air before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/208—Temperature of the air after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/25—Temperature of the heat-generating means in the heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control
    • F24H15/34—Control of the speed of pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • H05B1/0238—For seats
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a proximity heater with capillary tube with high energy saving, and in particular to the sector of heating fluids and/or air, mainly water, through the use of electric current; in particular, the present invention refers to a device for heating fluids with high energy savings through the use of electrical current supplied appropriately after an electronic control.
  • the term "fluid” or “fluids” contained in the description must be interpreted as “fluid and/or air” or “fluids and/or air”, respectively.
  • the fluids are placed under pressure in one or more capillary-sized tubes, and are subsequently dispensed, leaving the device at the desired temperature and pressure via a nozzle.
  • the steam boiler today constitutes the essential part of a complex system apparatus, i.e. the steam generator, the system in which the thermal energy produced by a fuel is converted into energy .
  • the resistance is the element, normally made up of a copper coil, which is used to heat water or fluids.
  • the heating operation is usually carried out by electricity which, passing inside it, heats the copper part which, in contact with water or surfaces, releases its heat.
  • the resistor is equipped with ceramic insulation inside the filament where it passes between the current and the copper part which allows the transfer of heat from this energy.
  • Joule Effect a well-known physical law, which is the basis of most modern heating technologies and which, generically, “governs” any energy transformation of the electricity into other forms of energy.
  • Heat in fact, is the sum of the kinetic energies of atoms and molecules that form a body and the index of this kinetic energy of each particle is the temperature.
  • electric current is nothing more than the ordered movement, generated by an electric field, of electrons having kinetic energy.
  • the kinetic energy of the electric charges (electrons) is transferred, partially or totally, to the material through which the same electric current passes.
  • the electric power is therefore directly proportional to the resistance (R) of the circuit and to the square of the intensity of the electric current ( I ) .
  • the resistor is provided with two terminals, called electrical poles, to which the electrical power cables of the household appliances themselves are connected .
  • the present invention overcomes the technical problems described above, due to a new system that allows the heating of fluids and/or air of variable flow rates and with significant energy savings.
  • This invention works for flows with extremely small microscopic fluid passage sections, with only a capillary size tube.
  • Flow rates for normal domestic or industrial sizing e.g. 1 inch or more up to 394 inches, one inch being 2.54 cm
  • the outgoing or circulating fluid is controlled in pressure and temperature, through the use of an electronic system of a known technology, appropriately calibrated based on the type of result desired.
  • the use of the present invention allows for significant energy savings compared to traditional fluid heating systems (e.g. water) in use up to now. This saving can be quantified as no less than sixty percent (60%) .
  • the savings are generated by the combined effects of the use of very high transmissivity steel, the heat generated by appropriately positioned electrical poles which, together with the management of the electronic board, provides a correct heat balance.
  • the present invention also solves other technical problems, drastically reduces dispersion, and does not require a mixer to reach the desired temperature.
  • the item is regulated by an electronic card with dedicated firmware, which can also be managed by a multifunctional display or regulator with adjustable temperature and continuous flow of the known art .
  • the heat balance from the outside of the beam to the centre of the bundles is also electronically controlled.
  • This system allows further savings due to the congruence of heated capillary tubes positioned next to each other, where the electronic card automatically controls and determines the constant and immediate energy power transmitted to each tube.
  • the energy will be used gradually lower as you get closer to the centre of the beam (e.g. h? of an inch [1.91 cm] or 1 inch [2.54 cm] or more up to 394 inches [746.76 cm ] ) the heat transfer occurs, by convection and radiation, from the external capillaries to the internal ones or even by conduction if the tubes are in contact with each other .
  • the present invention also solves the well- known problem relating to the accumulation, inside the pipe or near joints, of limestone, in addition to the crushing of limestone due to the effect of ion exchange to the extent of over 80%.
  • the present invention also solves the problem of a large period of thermal inertia, present in many appliances or stoves, drastically reducing it by over 80%, with a clear increase in energy savings.
  • the quantity of Joules needed for example, to heat the quantity of water normally used by domestic machines to produce e.g. an espresso coffee, taking into account the heating time, the stand by time and also the coffee brewing time is normally between 120, 000 and 150, 000 Joules.
  • consumption is approximately 18, 000/20, 000 Joules with an energy efficiency of over 87%.
  • the term heater includes a heating apparatus of various known techniques, which can operate on different forms of energy.
  • the heater has the task of heating fluids (e.g. water) for industrial use or both for domestic use e.g. shower, washing machine, dishwasher, iron, hot drink dispensers (e.g. coffee and tea) , radiators, floor washers, etc.
  • heating fluids e.g. water
  • hot drink dispensers e.g. coffee and tea
  • radiators e.g. coffee and tea
  • High energy saving proximity heater with capillary tube means a heater that can be operated both electrically and with batteries or with electricity generators (fuel cells, supercapacitors) due to the fact that the electrical consumption of the invention is particularly low.
  • microfiltration apparatus means a filtering apparatus that retains impurities of 15microns and at least 80% of limestone.
  • a further object of the present invention is providing a proximity heater with such arrangements as to prevent over-temperatures and dangers to the user in case of any type of over-heating occurring inside and immediately outside the proximity heater itself .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block view of a first preferred embodiment of the proximity heater with capillary tube according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a block schematic view of a second preferred embodiment of the proximity heater with capillary tube according to the present invention .
  • the heating apparatus for fluids and/or air of the present invention substantially comprises:
  • capillary tube heater 1 composed of at least one capillary tube 3, having a section for passage of fluids and/or air, such capillary tube heater 1 being suitable for containing the fluid and/or air from heat and connected to a power stage 5 capable of supplying electrical voltage to the capillary tube heater 1; an electronic control board 7 connected to the capillary tube heater 1 and designed to control flow and temperature of fluid and/or air and to drive a frequency generator and provide power supply safety; in particular, it is possible that power stage 5 and electronic control board 7 are made as a single board:
  • - power supply means 30 designed to provide a variable power supply from 380V to 5V, such power supply means 30 being a multi-purpose power driving power supply; one or more pumps 22 connected to the capillary tube heater 1 and designed to be operated by the electronic control board 7 to control flow rate and pressure of fluid and/or air in the capillary tube heater 1; at least one first temperature sensor 50 designed to read the temperature of the capillary tube 3, monitored by the electronic control board 7 capable of deactivating the power supply of the capillary tube 3 if a dangerous temperature limit is reached, or lack of fluids in the circuit, or energy jumps due to supply failures, or damages due to wrong manoeuvres or connections, etc. ;
  • At least one second temperature sensor 56 designed to read the temperature of the fluid entering the capillary tube 3, monitored by the electronic control board 7 in order to provide operating parameters for the heating apparatus
  • at least one third temperature sensor 58 designed to read the temperature of the fluid exiting the capillary tube 3, monitored by the electronic control board 7 in order to provide operating parameters for the heating apparatus
  • a first electronic circuit 52 designed to deactivate the power supply to the capillary tube 3 in the event of a failure of the first temperature sensor 50;
  • a second electronic circuit 54 designed to deactivate the power supply to the capillary tube 3 in the event that an anomaly is detected in the operating parameters of the electronic control board 7.
  • the above multi-purpose power driving power supply 30 can have a direct current type output voltage, or an alternate current type output voltage.
  • the direct current supply is the most usual one, and the power supply transforms the input alternate electric current at 110V - 240V into an output direct electric current at IV - 96V.
  • the inventive device is equipped with an active safety system, which continuously monitors the capillary tube 3 and the power supply means 20 and the electronic control board 7 of the capillary tube 3, and has the task of avoiding dangerous conditions following an unwanted overheating of the capillary tube 3.
  • the safety system indicated above works by continuously monitoring the following three parameters : a) temperature of the capillary tube 3, via the temperature sensor 50 which reads the temperature of the capillary tube 3, in turn monitored by an electronic circuit in the control board 7 capable of deactivating the power supply of the capillary tube 3 if a dangerous temperature is reached; b) integrity of the temperature sensor 50: it is continuously monitored and, in the event of a failure of the sensor 50 itself, the first electronic circuit 52 deactivates the power supply to the capillary tube 3; c) integrity of the control board 7 and power supply 20 of the capillary tube 3: various parameters of the control board 7 are monitored simultaneously and, if an anomaly is detected, the second electronic circuit 54 deactivates the power supply of the capillary tube 3.
  • the safety system is with intrinsic activation: a fault in the safety system deactivates the power supply to the capillary tube 3.
  • the heating apparatus of the invention further comprises a temperature detector 20 operatively connected to the electronic control board 7 and designed to provide values for forecasting future operating conditions of the heating apparatus, since such temperature detector 20 measures the outside temperature of the capillary tube 3 on its external surface.
  • the fluid heating apparatus can further comprise at least second fluid sealing and connecting means 13 operatively connected to the capillary tube 3 at a fluid outlet end 0 in the capillary tube 3.
  • the fluid heating device can also include a third electronic circuit (not shown) for PWM driving of the pumps 22 if they can be driven .
  • This highly energy-saving capillary proximity heater 1 generates continuous heating (if not regulated) of fluids (e.g. water, air) to the desired temperature.
  • fluids e.g. water, air
  • the power stage 5 consists of a low frequency signal generator and a capillary power drive.
  • the capillary tube 3 is an electrically conductive tube through which the fluid to be heated passes the capillary tube 3 is electrically connected to the power stage 5 with a signal conditioner that performs the electrical conditioning and power control of the capillary tube 3 the control board 7 is used to drive the signal conditioner in the power stage 5 and for the safety of the power supply:
  • this block reads the temperature from the temperature sensor 20 (not shown, but also present in the diagram of Figure 2) located on or near the capillary tube 3 or on the fluid that passes through the capillary tube 3 and generates control signals for the power supply means 30 and the power stage 5, for the purpose of:
  • the direct use of the present invention is also possible (taps, showers, radiators, etc. ) or as a support for other equipment such as washing machines, floor cleaners, dishwashers, irons, machines for dispensing hot drinks (e.g. coffee or tea) , equipment for the creation of steam, or medical equipment, heating and abatement systems for fumes and polluting materials, heated furniture or carpets, radiators or radiant walls, in the automotive field, for heating passenger compartments or seats of motor vehicles.
  • this list of applications is only illustrative and does not limit the operational range of the device of the present invention.
  • a capillary tube 3 made of steel with high or very high thermal transmissivity is used, bare or coated with ceramic or composite material or plastic, for food use where necessary.
  • the capillary tube 3 can also be made of copper, aluminum or other conductive materials.
  • a nozzle On one side of the capillary tube 3 a nozzle (not shown) can be positioned for the outlet of hot water (or hot fluids, air) or for connection to a closed circuit or heat exchanger, with a temperature detector (not illustrated) , or the nozzle can be heated separately to increase the output temperature.
  • the electronic board 7 which is adequately and appropriately constructed and calibrated for the entry of the water into the capillary tube for the flow rate and pressure, both atmospheric and induced by the pumps 22 or other system; the electrical power required to heat the water to the desired temperature is more than 90% less than any other known heating system.
  • the power necessary to power a professional 3-group coffee machine for 24 hours and for an average daily production of 200 espresso coffees and 100 cappuccinos is approximately 14/15 kWh, which multiplied by an average of 330 days per year, means 4,500/5, 000 kWh per year.
  • capillary technology for the same daily production, we have a consumption of approximately 1.5 kWh/day and an annual consumption of approximately 490/500 kWh.
  • the size of the nominal internal diameter of the tube according to the invention is 0.13 mm (insulin needle) but it could also reach 1000.00 mm.
  • the pipes can also be aggregated in 8s (8) bundles, more or less large, such as to create aggregations capable of heating greater quantities of water or fluid for normal domestic or industrial use (e.g. 1.905 or 2.54 cm (3/4" or 1") or higher) .
  • the electronic control card 7 will be adequately calibrated to manage the desired temperature by continuously varying the electrical flows for each capillary since the temperature inside the bundle is intrinsically higher than the external one as a result of known physical laws.
  • the proximity heater 1 provides enough heat for the water to a temperature of 60 °C to serve the work of a washing machine. Also in this case, the energy saving compared to a normal electrical resistance is more than 60%.
  • a suitable number of proximity boilers serving the outlet of a shower (which can be battery powered due to low consumption) heating the capillary tubes 3 which bring the water to the desired temperature and then be mixed with cold water until the desired temperature is reached, in fact the low flow rate of the capillaries helps the possibility of instantly reaching very high temperatures and therefore mixable with water at room temperature in order to have the right desired temperature.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the heater 1 uses a capillary tube 3.
  • the water in a coffee machine involves the heating of one or more capillary tubes suitable for heating the water necessary for extraction from a coffee filter or of hot or cold drinks.
  • the scarcity of energy required means that the use of electricity from the mains is not necessary, but the entire operation can be carried out with a battery of the necessary power.
  • a preferred form of boiler construction close to high energy savings e.g. an inch [1.91 cm] or 1 inch [2.54 cm] or greater
  • Cutting-edge systems and technology know that the absence of heat engines on vehicles powered by electricity, stored in rechargeable batteries, represents a serious problem for winter heating of the passenger compartment and seats of this type of vehicle, which is difficult to solve.
  • the proximity heater also works in a closed circuit, with considerable energy savings, and can provide heating of the passenger compartment with bundles of three tubes appropriately positioned in a serpentine on the floor and on the roof of the car as well as inside the passenger seats or where desired.
  • the electronic board 7, appropriately calibrated will very quickly bring the passenger compartment temperature to the desired value.
  • the same proximity heater can be used as well as a heater for the hot air outlet nozzles.
  • the combination of the three systems generates comfortable heat and energy savings of more than 60% compared to the state of the art.
  • the same technique can be applied to any hair dryer, mixing the very hot air obtained from 1 or more capillaries and mixing it with air at room temperature generated by fans in order to obtain an output flow of the desired temperature (120/140 °C) .
  • the capillary system of the present invention applied on a coffee machine, in the coffee sector (HORECA, HOME, OCS, VENDING, etc. ) there are different extraction methods: arm coffee machines with one or multiple groups, capsule/pod machines, semi-professional, semi-automatic, automatic machines, etc. and consequently different systems to create hot water and/or fluids, steam and pressure, the main elements for extraction.
  • the capillary system can be applied at 360°, in fact, given its simplicity, creating hot water and/or air or steam always has the same operation, the only element that changes could be the electronic board which is simplified or complicated based on the machine on which it is applied.
  • the capillary system will replace and simplify any existing system, eliminating most of the parts that make up a current machine.
  • the capillary system is thus made up of five parts : the steel capillary tube of specific diameter, thickness, roughness and length
  • this connector is capable of holding capillaries of any diameter in place gently and without causing breakages: it is a connector made up of a screw that tightens inside a metal tube that contains a plastic/rubber insert, or similar which tightens around the pipe in an increasing manner as the pressures generated increase and also as the closing screw is tightened the electronic board also composed of temperature probes, valve management and power wires the electrical power supply and transformation board
  • the electronic board designed using a special firmware, drives the pumps and activates the electrical circuit that brings low voltage modulated current to the capillary, which begins to heat water, controlling and stabilizing the outlet temperature .
  • a preferred future variation will be a new extraction assembly, a block made of steel and ceramic or plastic, which will contain the capillaries and all connections for creating water and steam, applicable to current and newly created coffee machines in order to simplify the assembly of the system.
  • the system will replace the current ones, eliminating much of the current components.
  • a classic espresso coffee extraction must have a duration of approximately 26/30 seconds, a quantity in the cup of approximately 30/33 cc and a temperature in the cup of at least approximately 65/80 °C (these parameters may vary by country) .
  • the pressure must reach 8/9 bar in 7/8 seconds and remain constant.
  • the capillary tube is an open system so the pressure created by the pump comes out on the coffee powder as hot water, or directly as steam from the wand, but without any closure or valve. This particularity of the system goes beyond the current certifications which instead require safety valves by law. If necessary, it will adapted by installing a valve even if it is unused and/or useless .
  • the capillary system and its electronic components work at 24V, but the heating part even reaches below a single IV.
  • the inventive power board takes power from an external source (110- 240V) .
  • the system will be implemented with batteries or similar systems (hydrogen cells, solar panels, supercapacitors, etc. ) .
  • the thermal properties and therefore the temperatures of water and steam are digital parameters, which can be modified over time and also during use.
  • the summary of a capillary extraction includes : external water connection (aqueduct) or internal/external water tray. Unlike current systems which also require a filter to avoid the formation of limescale, in the present invention it is not needed
  • limestone requires a certain type of physical-chemical condition: presence of water in the pipes or boilers, water heat above 65/80 °C.
  • Cold water circulates in the hydraulic system of the capillary tube; furthermore, the capillary tube has a water content of a few grams which can be emptied after each heating, and therefore there are really no conditions for its formation, except over a very long time
  • the pumps can be of various models, the most common are the vibration pumps, therefore those that turn on and off without the possibility of adjustment and those that can instead be controlled to give greater or lesser flow to the system
  • the main delivery of the hydraulic system then goes to multi-way valves which, controlled by our electronics, send the water into the capillary tube for the creation of hot water, or into the one for the creation of steam.
  • the two capillary tubes exit at different points of the machine: one in the extraction group and the other in the steam wand; in fact, there would be a third way for creating hot water for tea or similar, but currently the same capillary tube of the group is used by adapting a third valve.
  • the capillary tubes can be identical, the only difference is that of the steam which has a regulation - both fixed and mechanical - to determine the quantity of water to be pushed inside the capillary to be heated.
  • the capillary is also suitable for the production of non-heated drinks ;
  • Vending machines are essentially divided into: Table-Top which is positioned on a support and Free-Standing which rests directly on the ground.
  • the capillary system completely replaces the current heating and hot fluid recirculation systems and manages to ensure that the desired temperature is present from the first coffee.
  • Vending machines positioned in areas with extreme temperatures encounter major thermal drift problems: cold coffee in the case of low external temperatures, vaporization in the case of high temperatures.
  • the capillary is a digitalized system, therefore it always maintains the temperature set by the system; furthermore, by heating near the point of use, one will not have the problem of thermal drift due to the distance between the point of creation of the hot fluid/steam and the point of use .
  • fluids, hot or cold can be used to mix the powders used to create drinks that do not derive from grinding or a classic (automatic) extraction. Mixing these powders creates dirt and unhygienic encrustations in most cases; for this reason, being able to create water or steam at desired temperatures also allows sanctification if necessary.
  • Capsule/Pod systems the extraction circuit is simplified as is the possible electronic and power supply board.
  • the big advantage is the usual one of having the right temperatures of the fluids instantly, but also of being able to have machines that can run on batteries or with solar panel systems or other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de chauffage pour fluides et/ou air comprenant : un dispositif de chauffage à tube capillaire (1) relié à un étage de puissance (5) ; une carte électronique de commande (7) ; des premiers moyens (9) d'étanchéité et de raccordement de fluide ; des moyens d'alimentation électrique (30) conçus pour fournir une alimentation électrique variable de 380V à 5V d'un type d'alimentation électrique à entraînement électrique polyvalent ; une ou plusieurs pompes (22) pour réguler le débit et la pression de fluide et/ou d'air dans le dispositif de chauffage à tube capillaire (1) ; un premier capteur de température (50) pour désactiver l'alimentation du tube capillaire (3) en cas de danger ; un deuxième et un troisième capteurs de température (56, 58) conçus pour lire la température du fluide entrant et sortant du tube capillaire (3), afin de fournir des paramètres de fonctionnement pour l'appareil de chauffage ; un premier (52) et un second circuit électronique (54) pour désactiver l'alimentation électrique du tube capillaire (3) en cas de défaillances du premier capteur de température (50) ou d'une anomalie dans la carte de commande électronique (7).
PCT/IT2024/050113 2023-07-04 2024-05-30 Dispositif de chauffage de proximité à économie d'énergie élevée avec tube capillaire Pending WO2025009000A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102023000013860 2023-07-04
IT102023000013860A IT202300013860A1 (it) 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Riscaldatore di prossimità a tubo capillare ad elevato risparmio energetico

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025009000A1 true WO2025009000A1 (fr) 2025-01-09

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PCT/IT2024/050113 Pending WO2025009000A1 (fr) 2023-07-04 2024-05-30 Dispositif de chauffage de proximité à économie d'énergie élevée avec tube capillaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) IT202300013860A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2025009000A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19829681C1 (de) * 1998-07-03 2000-02-17 Stephan Herrmann Flüssigkeitserhitzer mit wenigstens einer Heizwendel, welche von Metall umgossen ist
US6178291B1 (en) * 1998-01-23 2001-01-23 Lufran Incorporated Demand anticipation control system for a high efficiency ultra-pure fluid heater
ES2344101T3 (es) * 2000-10-02 2010-08-18 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Calentador de flujo de agua.
WO2016124978A1 (fr) 2015-02-05 2016-08-11 Torchio Giorgio Dispositif chauffant capillaire de proximité à haute économie d'énergie équipé en amont d'un appareil de microfiltration pour l'élimination de particules calcaires présentes dans des fluides et en aval d'une buse ou d'un circuit fermé
US20210000286A1 (en) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-07 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Beverage Maker Heated Fluid Feedback Control System
CN113720008A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-30 江苏果麦环保科技有限公司 一种带温水功能的净水器

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6178291B1 (en) * 1998-01-23 2001-01-23 Lufran Incorporated Demand anticipation control system for a high efficiency ultra-pure fluid heater
DE19829681C1 (de) * 1998-07-03 2000-02-17 Stephan Herrmann Flüssigkeitserhitzer mit wenigstens einer Heizwendel, welche von Metall umgossen ist
ES2344101T3 (es) * 2000-10-02 2010-08-18 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Calentador de flujo de agua.
WO2016124978A1 (fr) 2015-02-05 2016-08-11 Torchio Giorgio Dispositif chauffant capillaire de proximité à haute économie d'énergie équipé en amont d'un appareil de microfiltration pour l'élimination de particules calcaires présentes dans des fluides et en aval d'une buse ou d'un circuit fermé
US20210000286A1 (en) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-07 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Beverage Maker Heated Fluid Feedback Control System
CN113720008A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-30 江苏果麦环保科技有限公司 一种带温水功能的净水器

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IT202300013860A1 (it) 2023-10-04

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