WO2025008982A2

WO2025008982A2 - Method and system for switching between a first network and a second network

Info

Publication number: WO2025008982A2
Application number: PCT/IN2024/051001
Authority: WO
Inventors: Aayush Bhatnagar; Adityakar Jha; Ajay Priyadarshi; Dinesh Kumar; Raghunath Murmu; Sanjeeb Padhan; Yog VASHISHTH; Nitin Verma; Deepak KATHURIA
Original assignee: Jio Platforms Ltd
Current assignee: Jio Platforms Ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-05
Filing date: 2024-06-29
Publication date: 2025-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-05

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (108) and a method (400) for switching between a first network (106) and a second network (114) The method (400) includes the step of hosting, an application layer protocol stack. The method (400) further includes the step of receiving a switching request from a first peer node (110), the switching request representative of switching from the first network (106) to the second network (114) of a subscriber. The method (400) further includes the step of transmitting the switching request to a second peer node (112) to retrieve information pertaining to the second network (114) utilizing the application layer protocol stack. The method (400) further includes the step of transmitting a response to the first peer node (110) pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network (114) pertaining to the subscriber.

Description

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SWITCHING BETWEEN A FIRST NETWORK

AND A SECOND NETWORK

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication system, more particularly relates to a method and system for switching between a first network and a second network.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] In telecommunications, 4G is the fourth generation of broadband cellular network technology, succeeding 3G and preceding 5G.

[0003] Home Subscriber Server (HSS) is the main subscriber database used within the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) which provides details of the subscribers to other entities within the network. The IMS enables users to be granted or refused access to other services dependent on their status.

[0004] 5G is the fifth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks and is a successor to the 4G networks. 5G networks are cellular networks, in which the service area is divided into small geographical areas called cells. All 5G wireless devices in a cell are connected to the Internet and telephone network by radio waves through a local antenna in the cell. 5G has higher bandwidth to deliver faster speeds than 4G and can thus connect more different devices, improving the quality of Internet services in crowded areas. Due to the increased bandwidth, 5G networks make possible new applications in internet-of-things (loT) and machine-to machine areas.

[0005] It is Unified data management (UDM) is a process where a range of disparate data sources are consolidated to create a single source of data, stored within a data warehouse. The Unified Data Manager Function (UDM) supports following functionalities: Generate 3GPP 5G AKA Authentication Vectors, User Identification Handling (e.g. storage and management of Subscription Permanent Identifier - SUPI for each subscriber in the 5G system). The technology is similar to the 4G network’s home subscriber service (HSS) but is cloud-native and designed for 5G specifically.

[0006] UDM resides on the control plane and utilizes microservices to communicate between the user plane and the control plane. The storage space of all the UDM’s information could reside in a hyperconverged infrastructure (HCI).

[0007] When a subscriber is attached to a 5G network and wishes to move to 4G, HSS should initiate 5G deregistration towards UDM and the UDM should initiate the deregistration towards AMF. This leads to multiple queries in the network. In the present understanding, it is the job of UDM to deregister the user from 5G, by sending the deregistering request towards AMF. A database is shared between the HSS and UDM and the HSS needs the data and it notifies the UDM for deregistration.

[0008] Further, in case of Mobility from 5GS to EPC, as per 3GPP standards in the prior art, HSS sends a request to UDM and UDM deregisters request towards AMF. This is not optimal and increases the number of queries in the transaction / request.

[0009] It is desired that the transition between the 5G and 4G network should be optimized, smooth and without interruption.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] One or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and system for switching between a first network and a second network.

[0011] In one aspect of the present invention, the method of switching between the first network and the second network is disclosed. The method includes the step of hosting, by one or more processors, an application layer protocol stack. The method further includes the step of receiving, by the one or more processors, a switching request from a first peer node. The switching request is representative of switching from the first network to the second network of a subscriber. The method further includes the step of transmitting, by the one or more processors, the switching request to a second peer node to retrieve information pertaining to the second network utilizing the application layer protocol stack. The method further includes the step of transmitting, by the one or more processors, a response to the first peer node pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network pertaining to the subscriber.

[0012] In one embodiment, the switching request includes one of, modification or updating subscriber data, attach request, deregister request, and location request.

[0013] In another embodiment, the switching request is received from the first peer node at the one or more processors in response to one of, unavailability of the first network at a current location of the subscriber User Equipment (UE) and when the signal strength of the first network is less compared to the second network at the current location.

[0014] In yet another embodiment, the one or more processors utilizing the application layer protocol stack transmits the switching request to the second peer node by bypassing a Unified Data Management (UDM) unit.

[0015] In yet another embodiment, the first peer node is one of, Mobility Management Entity (MME) and Application Server (AS).

[0016] In yet another embodiment, the second peer node is one of, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF).

[0017] In yet the first network and the second network include at least one of, 4G, and 5G.

[0018] In yet another embodiment, the application layer protocol stack is at least one of, a Hypertext Transfer Protocol 2 (HTTP2 protocol stack) to transmit data from the one or more processors to multiple nodes in networks. [0019] In another aspect of the present invention, the system for switching between the first network and the second network is disclosed. The system includes a hosting unit, configured to host an application layer protocol stack. The system further includes a receiving unit configured to receive a switching request from a first peer node. The switching request representative of switching from the first network to the second network of a subscriber. The system further includes a transmitting unit configured to transmit the switching request to a second peer node to retrieve information pertaining to the second network utilizing the application layer protocol stack. The transceiver is further configured to transmit a response to the first peer node pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network pertaining to the subscriber.

[0020] In another aspect of the present invention, a User Equipment (UE) is disclosed. One or more primary processors communicatively coupled to one or more processors. The one or more primary processors coupled with a memory. The memory stores instructions which when executed by the one or more primary processors causes the UE to transmit location coordinates of a subscriber to a one or more processors, in response to the subscriber present in a particular location. Further, the one or more processors are configured to perform the method for switching between a first network and a second network.

[0021] In yet another aspect of the present invention, a non-transitory computer- readable medium having stored thereon computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor is disclosed. The processor is configured to receive a call request from an at least one User Equipment via an interface. The processor is further configured to host an application layer protocol stack. The processor is further configured to receive a switching request from a first peer node. The switching request representative of switching from the first network to the second network of a subscriber. The processor is further configured to transmit the switching request to a second peer node to retrieve information pertaining to the second network utilizing the application layer protocol stack. The processor is further configured to transmit, a response to the first peer node pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network pertaining to the subscriber.

[0022] Other features and aspects of this invention will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings. The features and advantages described in this summary and in the following detailed description are not all- inclusive, and particularly, many additional features and advantages will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art, in view of the drawings, specification, and claims hereof. Moreover, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter, resort to the claims being necessary to determine such inventive subject matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosed methods and systems in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Some drawings may indicate the components using block diagrams and may not represent the internal circuitry of each component. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that disclosure of such drawings includes disclosure of electrical components, electronic components or circuitry commonly used to implement such components.

[0024] FIG. 1 is an exemplary block diagram of a communication system for switching between a first network and a second network, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; [0025] FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of the system for switching between a first network and a second network, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow diagram of the system of FIG. 2, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] FIG. 4 is a signal flow diagram illustrating the flow for switching between a first network and a second network, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; and; and

[0028] FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method for switching between a first network and a second network, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] The foregoing shall be more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Some embodiments of the present disclosure, illustrating all its features, will now be discussed in detail. It must also be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0031] Various modifications to the embodiment will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art and the generic principles herein may be applied to other embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the present disclosure including the definitions listed here below are not intended to be limited to the embodiments illustrated but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features described herein.

[0032] A person of ordinary skill in the art will readily ascertain that the illustrated steps detailed in the figures and here below are set out to explain the exemplary embodiments shown, and it should be anticipated that ongoing technological development will change the manner in which particular functions are performed. These examples are presented herein for purposes of illustration, and not limitation. Further, the boundaries of the functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. Alternative boundaries can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships thereof are appropriately performed. Alternatives (including equivalents, extensions, variations, deviations, etc., of those described herein) will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s) based on the teachings contained herein. Such alternatives fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosed embodiments.

[0033] The present invention provides a system and method for switching between a first network and a second network. The system directly transmits a switching request from the first peer node to the second peer node by bypassing a Unified Data Management (UDM) unit. The invention achieves optimized and smooth switching between the first network and the second network by adding Hypertext Transfer Protocol 2 (HTTP/2 protocol) stack support in the system.

[0034] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a communication system 100 for switching between a first network and a second network, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. The communication system 100 includes, a first set of User Equipment (UE) 102, a second set of UE 116, a server 104, a first network 106, a second network 114, a system 108, a first peer node 110, and a second peer node 112.

[0035] As per the illustrated embodiment and for the purpose of description and explanation, the description will be explained with respect to the first set of user equipment’s (UEs) 102 , or to be more specific will be explained with respect to a first UE 102a, a second UE 102b, and a third UE 102c of the first set of UEs 102, and should nowhere be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Each of the at least one UE 102 namely the first UE 102a, the second UE 102b, and the third UE 102c is configured to connect to the server 104 via the first network 106. Further, each of the at least one of the first set of UE 102 is connected to the first peer node 110 via the first network 106.

[0036] As per the illustrated embodiment and for the purpose of description and explanation, the description will be explained with respect to the second set of user equipment’s (UEs) 116 , or to be more specific will be explained with respect to a first UE 116a, a second UE 116b, and a third UE 162c of the second set of UEs 116, and should nowhere be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Each of the at least one UE 116 namely the first UE 116a, the second UE 116b, and the third UE 116c is configured to connect to the server 104 via the second network 114. Further, each of the at least one of the second set of UE 116 is connected to the second peer node 112 via the second network 114.

[0037] In an embodiment, each of the first set of UE 102 and each of the second set of UE 116is one of, but not limited to, any electrical, electronic, electro-mechanical or an equipment and a combination of one or more of the above devices such as virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, laptop, a general -purpose computer, desktop, personal digital assistant, tablet computer, mainframe computer, or any other computing device.

[0038] The first network 106 and the second network 114 includes, by way of example but not limitation, one or more of a wireless network, a wired network, an internet, an intranet, a public network, a private network, a packet-switched network, a circuit-switched network, an ad hoc network, an infrastructure network, a Public- Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a cable network, a cellular network, a satellite network, a fiber optic network, or some combination thereof. The first network 106 and the second network 114may include, but is not limited to, a Third Generation (3G), a Fourth Generation (4G), a Fifth Generation (5G), a Sixth Generation (6G), a New Radio (NR), a Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), an Open Radio Access Network (0-RAN), and the like. [0039] The first network 106 and the second network 114 may also include, by way of example but not limitation, at least a portion of one or more networks having one or more nodes that transmit, receive, forward, generate, buffer, store, route, switch, process, or a combination thereof, etc. one or more messages, packets, signals, waves, voltage or current levels, some combination thereof, or so forth. The first network 106 and the second network 114may also include, by way of example but not limitation, one or more of a wireless network, a wired network, an internet, an intranet, a public network, a private network, a packet-switched network, a circuit-switched network, an ad hoc network, an infrastructure network, a Public-Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a cable network, a cellular network, a satellite network, a fiber optic network, a V OIP or some combination thereof.

[0040] The communication system 100 includes the server 104 accessible via the first network 106 and the second network 114. The server 104 may include by way of example but not limitation, one or more of a standalone server, a server blade, a server rack, a bank of servers, a server farm, hardware supporting a part of a cloud service or system, a home server, hardware running a virtualized server, a processor executing code to function as a server, one or more machines performing server-side functionality as described herein, at least a portion of any of the above, some combination thereof. In an embodiment, the entity may include, but is not limited to, a vendor, a network operator, a company, an organization, a university, a lab facility, a business enterprise side, a defense facility side, or any other facility that provides service.

[0041] The communication system 100 further includes the first peer node 110. The first peer node 110 is one of, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and an Application Server (AS). The Mobility Management Entity (MME) is a key component of the standards-defined Evolved Pack Core (EPC) for a Long-Term Evolution (LTE). The MME provides mobility session management for the LTE network and supports subscriber authentication, roaming and handovers to other networks. The application server is a server that hosts applications or software that delivers a business application through a communication protocol.

[0042] The communication system 100 further includes the second peer node 112. The second peer node 112 is one of, but not limited to, an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF). The AMF is a part of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 5G Architecture. The primary task of the AMF includes at least one of, but not limited to, registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management and various functions relating to security and access management and authorization.

[0043] The communication system 100 further includes the system 108 communicably coupled to the server 104, the first peer node 110, the second peer node 112, and each of the first set of UE 102, and the second set of UE 116 via the first network 106 and the second network 114. In one or more embodiments, the system 108 is adapted to be embedded within the server 104 or is embedded as an individual entity. However, for the purpose of description, the system 108 is illustrated as remotely coupled with the server 104, without deviating from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0044] Operational and construction features of the system 108 will be explained in detail with respect to the following figures.

[0045] FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of the system 108 for switching between the first network 106 and the second network 114, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] As per the illustrated and preferred embodiment, the system 108 is a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) or HSS Front-end. Accordingly, the system 108 serves as the primary database repository of subscriber information within a Long Term Evolution (LTE)/ Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network core. Further, the system 108 is a carrier grade, high capacity, fault tolerant and scalable cluster solution designed to serve millions of network elements in the network 106. The system 108 is a converged solution developed in-house to serve 2G/3G/4G and 5G subscribers. The HSS supports Home Location Register (HLR) and Equipment Identification Register (EIR) functionality compliant to 3 GPP specifications. Further, the system 108 supports diameter interfaces and is capable to integrate with any 3GPP compliant Mobility Management Entity (MME), Service Capability Exposure Function (SCEF), Short Message Service Center (SMSC), Call Session Control Function (CSCF), Application Server (AS) and Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC).

[0047] As per the illustrated and preferred embodiment, the system 108 includes one or more processors 202, a memory 204, and a database 218. The one or more processors 202 includes a hosting unit 206, a receiving unit 208, a transmitting unit 210, and a determination unit 212. The one or more processors 202, hereinafter referred to as the processor 202, may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, state machines, logic circuitries, single board computers, and/or any devices that manipulate signals based on operational instructions. However, it is to be noted that the system 108 may include multiple processors as per the requirement and without deviating from the scope of the present disclosure. Among other capabilities, the processor 202 is configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 204.

[0048] As per the illustrated embodiment, the processor 202 is configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 204 as the memory 204 is communicably connected to the processor 202. The memory 204 is configured to store one or more computer-readable instructions or routines in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, which may be fetched and executed to create or share data packets over a network service. The memory 204 may include any non- transitory storage device including, for example, volatile memory such as RAM, or non-volatile memory such as disk memory, EPROMs, FLASH memory, unalterable memory, and the like.

[0049] As per the illustrated embodiment, the database 220 is a master database configured to store the subscriber’s data such as subscription related information and location information of the subscriber. The database 220 is one of, but not limited to, a centralized database, a cloud-based database, a commercial database, an open-source database, a distributed database, an end-user database, a graphical database, a No- Structured Query Language (NoSQL) database, an object-oriented database, a personal database, an in-memory database, a document-based database, a time series database, a wide column database, a key value database, a search database, a cache databases, and so forth. The foregoing examples of database 220 types are non-limiting and may not be mutually exclusive e.g., a database can be both commercial and cloudbased, or both relational and open-source, etc.

[0050] In an embodiment, the hosting unit 206 of the processor 202 is configured to host, an application layer protocol stack. The application layer protocol stack is at least one of, but not limited to, a Hypertext Transfer Protocol 2 (HTTP/2 protocol stack) or HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/1.0. The application layer protocol stack is configured to transmit data/request data from the hosting unit 206 of the processor 202 to multiple peer nodes, such as the first peer node 110 and the second peer node 112 via at least one of, the first network 106 and the second network 114.

[0051] Initially, at least one of the first set of UE 102 transmits information of the subscriber including, at least one of, but not limited to, the location coordinates of the subscriber to the first peer node 110. Hereinafter, for the purpose of description, the first set of UE 102 is referred to as the UE 102 and the second set of UE 116 is referred to as the UE 116, without deviating from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0052] Further, the first peer node 110 transmits the switching request to the processor 202. The switching request pertains to switching from the first network 106 to the second network 114 of the subscriber. More specifically, if a signal strength of the first network 106 is less in comparison to a signal strength of the second network 114 at a location of UE 102 of the subscriber or if the first network 106 is unavailable at the location of the UE 102 of the subscriber, then the switching request is received from the first peer node 110 at the receiving unit 208. The switching request includes at least one of a one of, a modification or updating subscriber data, an attach request, a deregister request, and a location request. Further the processor 202 is configured to initiate switching between the first network 106 and the second network 114 upon receipt of the switching request.

[0053] In an embodiment, the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202 is configured to receive the switching request from the first peer node 110. In an alternate embodiment, the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202 is configured to receive the switching request from the first peer node 110 when the first peer node 110 requires modification in the subscriber’s data which is stored in the database 220.

[0054] In yet another embodiment, when the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202 receives a location request from the first peer node 110, the determination unit 210 of the processor 202 is configured to determine the current network of the subscriber in response to receiving the location request from the first peer node 110. The current network of the subscriber includes the first network 106 or the second network 114. In an embodiment, the current network of each of the first network 106 and the second network 114 is at least one of, but not limited to, a 4G network, and a 5G network.

[0055] Upon receipt of the switching request at the receiving unit 208, in an embodiment, the transmitting unit 210 of the processor 202 is configured to transmit the switching request to a second peer node 112. Upon receipt, the second peer node 112 is configured to retrieve information pertaining to the second network 114 utilizing the application layer protocol stack. In response to transmitting the switching request to the second peer node 112, the transmitting unit 210 is further configured to transmit a response to the first peer node 110 pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network 114 pertaining to the subscriber.

[0056] The transmitting unit 210 utilizes the application layer protocol stack such as HTTP/2 protocol stack to transmit the switching request to the second peer node 112 by bypassing a Unified Data Management (UDM) unit. By avoiding the interaction between the processor 202 and the UDM unit, the switching between the first network 106 and the second network 114 is completed without extra overhead. Therefore, the performance of the system 108 is optimized without additional burden on the processor 202 and memory 204 of the system 108.

[0057] The Unified Data Management (UDM) unit manages subscriber information data in a single centralized element. UDM technology is similar to the 4G network's Home Subscriber Server (HSS) but is cloud-native and designed for 5G specifically.

[0058] The hosting unit 206, the receiving unit 208, the transmitting unit 210 and the determination unit 212 in an exemplary embodiment, are implemented as a combination of hardware and programming (for example, programmable instructions) to implement one or more functionalities of the processor 202. In the examples described herein, such combinations of hardware and programming may be implemented in several different ways. For example, the programming for the processor 202 may be processor-executable instructions stored on a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and the hardware for the processor may comprise a processing resource (for example, one or more processors), to execute such instructions. In the present examples, the memory 204 may store instructions that, when executed by the processing resource, implement the processor 202. In such examples, the system 108 may comprise the memory 204 storing the instructions and the processing resource to execute the instructions, or the memory 204 may be separate but accessible to the system 108 and the processing resource. In other examples, the processor 202 may be implemented by electronic circuitry. [0059] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of an architecture for the system 108 of FIG. 2, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. More specifically, FIG. 3 illustrates the system 108 configured for switching between the first network 106 and the second network 114. It is to be noted that the embodiment with respect to FIG. 3 will be explained with respect to the UE 102 for the purpose of description and illustration and should nowhere be construed as limited to the scope of the present disclosure.

[0060] FIG. 3 shows communication between the UE 102 and the system 108. For the purpose of description of the exemplary embodiment as illustrated in FIG. 3, the UE 102 uses network protocol connection to communicate with the system 108. In an embodiment, the network protocol connection is the establishment and management of communication between the UE 102 and the system 108 over the first network 106 using a specific protocol or set of protocols. The network protocol connection includes, but not limited to, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), System Information Block (SIB) protocol, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) and Terminal Network (TELNET).

[0061] In an embodiment, the UE 102 includes a primary processor 302, and a memory 304. In alternate embodiments, the UE 102 may include more than one primary processor 302 as per the requirement of the first network 106. The primary processor 302, may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, state machines, logic circuitries, single board computers, and/or any devices that manipulate signals based on operational instructions.

[0062] In an embodiment, the primary processor 302 is configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 304. The memory 304 may be configured to store one or more computer-readable instructions or routines in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, which may be fetched and executed to switch between the first network and the second network. The memory 304 may include any non-transitory storage device including, for example, volatile memory such as RAM, or non-volatile memory such as disk memory, EPROMs, FLASH memory, unalterable memory, and the like.

[0063] For example, when a subscriber is moving from one location to another location, the UE 102 of the subscriber transmits the location coordinates of the subscriber to the first peer node 110. Further, based on the location coordinates, the switching request is transmitted from the first peer node 110 to the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202. The switching request is transmitted by the first peer node 110 when there is unavailability of the first network 106 at the current location of the subscriber or the signal strength of the first network 106 is less compared to the second network 114 at the current location. Thereafter, the determination unit 212 determines the current network of the subscriber in response to receiving the switching request by the receiving unit 208.

[0064] After determining the current network of the subscriber, the switching request is received at the hosting unit 206. Thereafter, the hosting unit 206 uses HTTP/2 as an application layer protocol due to which the processor 202 directly transmits the HTTP/2 switching request to the second peer node 112 via the transmitting unit 210 by avoiding the interaction between the processor 202 and the UDM unit. Further, the second peer node 112 responds to the HTTP/2 switching request which is forwarded to the first peer node 110 via the transmitting unit 210 and the receiving unit 208.

[0065] In another embodiment, if any request for location information/User-State is received at the receiving unit 208 of the processor in the system 108 from the first peer node 110, the determination unit of the processor 102 checks whether the UE 102 of the subscriber is attached to the first network 106 or the second network 114, for example, 4G or 5G. If the user attached to the first network 106, the transmitting unit 210 of the processor 202 directly transmits the request to the second peer node 112 to retrieve the location information/User-State. Further, the transmitting unit 210 receives the response pertaining to location information/User-State from the second peer node 112 which is forwarded to the first peer node 110.

[0066] In yet another embodiment, on receipt of an attach request or the deregister request at the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202 in the system 108 from the first peer node 110, the processor 202 directly transmits the attach request or the deregister request to the second peer node 112 without involving interaction between the system 108 and the UDM.

[0067] In yet another embodiment, for example, in the future, on receipt of any request at the system 108 from the first peer node 110, the system 108 avoids the interaction with the UDM, the processor 202 of the system 108 directly transmits the request to the second peer node 112 and the system 108-UDM interaction is obviated. Advantageously, the switching from the first network 106 to the second network 114 is optimized by saving the transaction involved between the system 108 and the UDM.

[0068] FIG. 4 is a signal flow diagram illustrating the system for switching between a first network and a second network, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0069] At step 402, UE 102 transmits information of the subscriber including, at least one of, but not limited to, the location coordinates of the subscriber to the first peer node 110.

[0070] At step 404, the first peer node 110 receives the information of the subscriber from the UE 102, based on which the switching request is transmitted from the first peer node 110 to the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202. The switching request represents switching from the first network 106 to the second network 114 of the subscriber.

Y1 [0071] At step 406, the receiving unit 208 receives the switching request from the first peer node 110 and the determination unit 212 determines the current network of the subscriber in response to receiving the switching request. Further, the receiving unit 208 forwards the switching request to the hosting unit 206.

[0072] At step 408, the hosting unit 206 receives the switching request and host an application layer protocol stack. Further, the hosting unit 206 forwards the switching request to the transmitting unit 210 as the HTTP/2 switching request.

[0073] At step 410, the transmitting unit 210 receives the HTTP/2 switching request and further forwards the HTTP/2 switching request to the second peer node 112 to retrieve information pertaining to the second network 114 utilizing the application layer protocol stack.

[0074] At step 412, the second peer node 112 transmits a response pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network 114 pertaining to the subscriber to the transmitting unit 210.

[0075] At step 414, the transmitting unit 210 receives the response from the second peer node 112 and further forwards the response to the hosting unit 206.

[0076] At step 416, the hosting unit 206 receives the response from the transmitting unit 210 and further forwards the response to the receiving unit 208.

[0077] At step 418, the receiving unit 208 receives the response from the hosting unit 206 and further forwards the response to the first peer node 110.

[0078] At step 420, the first peer node 110 receives the response from the receiving unit 208 and further forwards the response to the UE 102 where the UE 102 receives the response pertaining to the status of updated subscriber information of the second network 114. [0079] FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method 500 for switching between a first network and a second network, according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. For the purpose of description, the method is described with the embodiments as illustrated in FIG. 2 and should nowhere be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

[0080] At step 502, the method 500 includes the step of hosting an application layer protocol stack. In one embodiment, hosting unit 206 of the processor 202 is configured to host an application layer protocol stack. In order to switch between the first network 106 and the second network 114, the HTTP2 protocol stack is used by the hosting unit 206 to transmit/receive the multiple request such as the switching request among the first peer node 110 and the second peer node 112.

[0081] At step 504, the method 500 includes the step of receiving a switching request from a first peer node 110, the switching request represents switching from the first network 106 to the second network 114 of the subscriber. In one embodiment, the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202 is configured to receive the switching request from the first peer node 110. For example, the when the subscriber is moving from the first network 106 to the second network 114, the first peer node 110 transmits switching request to the receiving unit 208 of the processor 202 included in the system 108. In another embodiment, the switching request pertains the requirement of the modification in the subscriber data.

[0082] At 506, the method 500 includes the step of transmitting the switching request to a second peer node 112 to retrieve information pertaining to the second network 114 utilizing the application layer protocol stack. In one embodiment, the transmitting unit 210 of the processor 202 is configured to transmit the switching request to the second peer node 112 to retrieve information pertaining to the second network 114 utilizing the application layer protocol stack. For example, the switching request is transmitted to the second peer node 112 to get the updated or the required subscriber data. In another embodiment, the switching request pertaining the requirement of the modification in the subscriber data is transmitted to the second peer node 112.

[0083] At step 508, the method 500 includes the step of transmitting a response to the first peer node 110 pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network 114 pertaining to the subscriber. In one embodiment, the transmitting unit 210 of the processor 202 is configured to transmit the response to the first peer node 110 pertaining to the status of updated subscriber information of the second network 114 pertaining to the subscriber. For example, the modified subscriber data is transmitted to the second peer node 112 in response to the switching request.

[0084] The present invention further discloses a non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer-readable instructions. The computer- readable instructions are executed by the processor 202. The processor 202 is configured to host an application layer protocol stack. The processor 202 is further configured to receive a switching request from a first peer node 110. The switching request representative of switching from the first network 106 to the second network 114 of a subscriber. The processor 202 is further configured to transmit the switching request to a second peer node 112 to retrieve information pertaining to the second network utilizing the application layer protocol stack. The processor 202 is further configured to transmit a response to the first peer node 110 pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network 114 pertaining to the subscriber.

[0085] A person of ordinary skill in the art will readily ascertain that the illustrated embodiments and steps in description and drawings (FIG.1-4) are set out to explain the exemplary embodiments shown, and it should be anticipated that ongoing technological development will change the manner in which particular functions are performed. These examples are presented herein for purposes of illustration, and not limitation. Further, the boundaries of the functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. Alternative boundaries can be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships thereof are appropriately performed. Alternatives (including equivalents, extensions, variations, deviations, etc., of those described herein) will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s) based on the teachings contained herein. Such alternatives fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosed embodiments.

[0086] The present disclosure provides technical advancement. For example, optimizing the network and performance by saving the transaction involve between the system and the UDM for switching from the first network to the second network due to which the load in the system is reduced. The database operations are optimized by performing database operations in the system.

[0087] The present invention offers multiple advantages over the prior art and the above listed are a few examples to emphasize on some of the advantageous features. The listed advantages are to be read in a non-limiting manner.

REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0088] Communication system - 100;

[0089] First set of User Equipment (UE) - 102;

[0090] Second set of User Equipment (UE) - 116;

[0091] Server - 104;

[0092] First network- 106;

[0093] System -108;

[0094] First Peer Node -110;

[0095] Second Peer Node - 112;

[0096] Second network- 114;

[0097] Processor - 202;

[0098] Memory - 204;

[0099] Hosting unit - 206;

[00100] Receiving unit - 208; [00101] Transmitting unit - 210;

[00102] Determination unit - 212;

[00103] Database - 220;

[00104] Primary processor- 302;

[00105] Memory- 304.

Claims

We Claim:

1. A method (500) for switching between a first network (106) and a second network (114), the method (500) comprises the steps of: hosting, by one or more processors (202), an application layer protocol stack; receiving, by the one or more processors (202), a switching request from a first peer node (110), wherein the switching request representative of switching from the first network (106) to the second network (114) of a subscriber; transmitting, by the one or more processors (202), the switching request to a second peer node (112) to retrieve information pertaining to the second network (114) utilizing the application layer protocol stack; and transmitting, by the one or more processors (202), a response to the first peer node (110) pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network (114) pertaining to the subscriber.

2. The method (500) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching request includes one of, modification or updating subscriber data, attach request, deregister request, location request.

3. The method (500) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching request is received from the first peer node (110) at the one or more processors (202) in response to one of, unavailability of the first network (106) at a current location of the subscriber User Equipment (UE) (102) and when the signal strength of the first network (106) is less compared to the second network (114) at the current location.

4. The method (500) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more processors (202) utilizing the application layer protocol stack transmits the switching request to the second peer node (112) by bypassing a Unified Data Management (UDM) unit.

5. The method (500) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first peer node (110) is one of, Mobility Management Entity (MME) and Application Server (AS).

6. The method (500) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second peer node (112) is one of, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF).

7. The method (500) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first network (106) and the second network (114) include at least one of, 4G, and 5G.

8. The method (500) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application layer protocol stack is at least one of, a Hypertext Transfer Protocol 2 (HTTP2 protocol stack) to transmit data from the one or more processors (202) to multiple nodes in networks.

9. A User Equipment (102) comprising: one or more primary processors (302) communicatively coupled to one or more processors (202), the one or more primary processors (302) coupled with a memory (304), wherein said memory (304) stores instructions which when executed by the one or more primary processors (302) causes the UE (102) to: transmit, location coordinates of a subscriber to a one or more processors (202), in response to the subscriber present in a particular location, wherein the one or more processors (202) is further configured to perform the method (500) as claimed in claim 1.

10. A system (108) for switching between a first network (106) and a second network (114), the system (108) comprising: a hosting unit (206), configured to, host, an application layer protocol stack; a receiving unit (208), configured to, receive, a switching request from a first peer node (110), wherein the switching request representative of switching from the first network (106) to the second network (114) of a subscriber; a transmitting unit (210), configured to: transmit, the switching request to a second peer node (112) to retrieve information pertaining to the second network (114) utilizing the application layer protocol stack; and transmit, a response to the first peer node (110) pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network (114) pertaining to the subscriber.

11. The system (108) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the system (108) comprising: the receiving unit (208), configured to, receive, a location request from the first peer node (110); a determination unit (212), configured to, determine, a current network of the subscriber in response to receiving a location request by the first peer node (110); the transmitting unit (210), configured to, transmit, a location request to thew second peer node (112), wherein the transmitting unit (210) transmits the location request to the second peer node (112) in response to determining the current network of the subscriber includes at least second network (114).

12. The system (108) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the switching request includes one of, modification or updating subscriber data, attach request, deregister request, location request.

13. The system (108) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the switching request is received from the first peer node (110) at the receiving unit (208) in response to one of, unavailability of the first network (106) at a current location of the subscriber User Equipment (UE) (102) and when the signal strength of the first network (106) is less compared to the second network (114) at the current location.

14. The system (108) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the transmitting unit (210) utilizing the application layer protocol stack transmits the switching request to the second peer node (112) by bypassing a Unified Data Management (UDM) unit.

15. The system (108) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the first peer node (110) is one of, Mobility Management Entity (MME) and Application Server (AS).

16. The system (108) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the second peer node (112) is one of, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF).

17. The system (108) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the first network (106) and the second network (114) include at least one of, 4G, and 5G.

18. The system as claimed (108) in claim 10, wherein the application layer protocol stack is at least one of, a Hypertext Transfer Protocol 2 (HTTP2 protocol stack) to transmit data from the system (108) to multiple nodes in networks.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer- readable instructions that, when executed by a processor (202), causes the processor (202) to: host, an application layer protocol stack; receive, a switching request from a first peer node (110), wherein the switching request representative of switching from the first network (106) to the second network (114) of a subscriber; transmit, the switching request to a second peer node (112) to retrieve information pertaining to the second network (114) utilizing the application layer protocol stack; and transmit, a response to the first peer node (110) pertaining to a status of updated subscriber information of the second network (114) pertaining to the subscriber.